ound the lawns, lawns, ound the ornamental trees on the lawn trees on the ornamental

NORTH TERRACE: 550 ssp) immediately in front of the Art Art the of in front ssp) immediately ng site, looking north-west-wards site, looking north-west-wards ng stralia hand annotated as 3 June June as 3 stralia hand annotated ed metal fencing ar ed Phoenix ). Source: private collection. collection. private Source: ). areas, the eclectic mix of mix areas, the eclectic Figure Figure

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES Brachychiton populneus Brachychiton ard of the Art Gallery of South Au of South Gallery the Art ard of ildings but particularly the galvanis ildings but particularly ace taken from the Freemasons Buildi Freemasons from the ace taken spp), Kurrajong ( Phoenix the eclectic ornamental tree planting on the lawns, the feature palm ( palm feature the the lawns, on planting tree ornamental eclectic the collection. private Source: lawn. the on Gallery 1905. Note the galvanised iron fencing around the lawn around fencing the galvanised iron 1905. Note ( including a palm Water-colour tinted photographic postc photographic tinted Water-colour North Terr of Photographic postcard along the Terrace featuring the main bu featuring Terrace along the

.1905 c ) acerifolius x Platanus ds from near the Victoria Drive the ds from near the statue of Robert Burns in the statue of Robert

.1902 planted London Plane .1902 planted London ( c Figure Figure ard of Frome Road looking southwar Frome Road looking ard of tcard of North Terrace focused upon Terrace North tcard of galvanised iron fencing around the lawn areas and what appears as a small a small as and what appears the lawn areas around iron fencing galvanised .1910 indicating the maturity of the maturity of the .1910 indicating c specimens. Source: private collection. collection. private Source: specimens. the Note positioned. as originally collection. private Source: rear. left the to feature alpine rockery Water-colour tinted photographic postc photographic tinted Water-colour dated intersection pos photographic tinted Water-colour

Source: Linguey 2006, p. Linguey 2006, Source:

NORTH TERRACE: 551 the State often paid for albeit tral street light standard. tral street light rks attempting to improve this stretch of land formally transferred care of the North Terrace tric trams, on the corner of North Terrace and King King and Terrace North of corner on the trams, tric Figure Figure future of Government House. The state time, Pelzer and previous City Gardeners had 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES Photograph of the laying tram tracks, for the new elec tracks, for the the laying tram Photograph of cen War statue and Note the Boer 1909. William Street in 185.

More importantly in 1911, the state government plantations to the Corporation. Prior this undertaken simple landscape and tree planting wo but knowing that the Corporation did not have control over it these improvements (Owen Smyth 1923; de la Motte 1980, p. 10). The second important debate was about the government was considering the cessation of the Governor’s residence and its relocation 8 Register 1909, p. 64). 8 July 1899, p. 6; e provisions of trams, the e South Australian Museum to a Report

Advertiser Annual r this purpose. Field artillery pieces and an rn Park Lands for military purposes. During rn Park Lands , Miss Amelia Edwards, in 1892, and was at the column was a gift of the Egyptian Exploration The column, unveiled on 7 July 1899, is one of and once stood on the banks of the River Nile Sir Henry Galway. The contractor was TF hefit at Sutenhenen, and later at Heracleopolis marsh bricks, and employed use of reinforced ructure with tiered balconies supported on Doric design, still in a Romanesque style, was executed £80,000 to the Hospital for this accommodation, h Terrace east requiring extensive Plane Tree the Library. The design was modified, l during the late 1910s and th construct the east wing of th 1990, pp. 273-274). t (Cameron 1997, pp. 25-28; et al l 1990, p. 263). et a ) pruning to accommodate the wires. Pelzer waited until these works were orientalis

Platanus design in accordance with the Jervois wing of structure widened, and matching stone was difficult to source. The structure eventually opened on 8 December 1915 by state governor Brown and the overall cost was £36,283. The using Murray Bridge freestone, backed by Hind concrete (Marsden Works also commenced on the construction of the Margaret Graham Nurses Home, on the corner of Frome Road and North Terrace, for the Royal Adelaide Hospital in 1908. The building arose from a bequest by T Martin of City improvement works were topica July 1899, p. 6; de la Motte 1980, pp. 6, 21). By 1908 works had commenced to and Superintendent of Public Works Owen Smyth was engaged to prepare the design and supervise the works that involved a red brick st and Ionic columns (Marsden Victoria Drive to Wayville or Keswick, and attempts by relocation of the Show Grounds from the Commonwealth to excise land from weste 1909 electric-tram tracks were laid along Nort ( completed before seeking to re-landscape the Terrace ( the oldest architectural monuments in Australia in the vestibule of the temple god Heru-s By 1907 the director of South Australian Museum had adopted a policy that the forecourt was an external museum space and should be used fo Egyptian column had been located in this space. near the Nile Delta, from around 1200BC. The Fund and offered to the Museum by its Secretary time in two pieces lacking a capital. The Museum accepted the offer, and politician Museum board member George Brookman funded the carving of a new capital by local masons from seven stone block at Swanpor

) cladocalx

Eucalyptus , and bare patches have ) located outside the last. Shrubberies, flower- en seats have been erected in NORTH TERRACE: 552 h 72 are Australian native trees australe mental shrubs, Cannas, perennials, om North Terrace directly to the

[1910] te the Government House Domain and Government House Domain wall have Syzygium ad to East Terrace. He planted new trees, ected and planted. In the remaining Reserves eight superphosphate and manure lzer was extensive. He re-grassed large areas laid out and planted with various bedding plants. A trees, is interesting. In terms of these eries replacing them with avenue planting and ion of the time, and it lasted for some 20 years waiting Pelzer moved quickly to totally remodel of ornamental flower beds and rock gardens. e also extensively installed surrounding new tes, unfortunately, for “North Terrace Gardens: associated with the extensive use of cycads and planting works continued throughout 1911-13, the planting works continued throughout 1911-13, possible to qualify what “Australian tree” species he 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES uncommon for Pelzer to simplify such a plant list rdens experienced a major landscape design lly and clearly planting “sugar gums” ( palms have been planted, of whic between the wall and garden reserve has been covered with lime 1911, pp. 64, 65, 66; 1912, pp. 61, 98, 99; 1913, p. 49). p. 49). 1913, 99; pp. 61, 98, 1912, 65, 66; 1911, pp. 64, out and planted with various orna lled. … Twenty-four ornamental gard thways have been formed leading fr rdens was commenced on 27th June building. The fences along the d planted. In the Reserves opposi Report 1911, p. 64). 1911, p. 64).

) in front of the present Government House wall received their first Report

Annual procera

Annual ( Ulmus ssp) as accent features to the North Terrace gardens (de la Motte 1980, p. 6; Phoenix The work of remodelling these Ga beds, &c., have been laid out an opposite the Adelaide Hospital, Rockeries have been er irregular-shaped beds have been laid and annuals, and eight circular flowerbeds have been total of 21 trees, 140 shrubs, and six and shrubs. All the lawns have been top-dressed with been re-planted. Two additional pa entrance pathway to the Museum been removed, and the path running rubble and quartz screenings and ro shady spots This ambit claim was not to eventuate but while Ro the North Terrace plantations, from King William erected rockeries, re-shaped the flower beds, re-formed all the lawns, positioned new seats, and created the dual parallel pathway system extant today. In his words: This investment in the North Terrace 1911 by Pe of the plantation but also established large areas This appears to have been the formal garden fash before Pelzer ripped out the flower beds and rock uninterrupted grass swaths. This planting was palms ( Smyth 1923). This is the first time North Terrace ga renovation. The reference to trees, and Australian an inventory list later in Pelzer’s report only sta shrubs.” It is 17 various trees, 132 whereas at the same time he is specifica instance it is not in other parks. So, this is referring to notwithstanding knowing what he had in the Corporation nursery that year. It is likely that the plantings did include present Lilly-pilly ( Mitchell Building given its age. Wire hoops wer flower beds. Additional shrub, tree and palm English Elms ( extensive pruning, and in the following year Pelzer undertook trenching works around their roots to aerate the soil (

uld then be kept as a public away, and a sweeping curve ’s hand of 8 May 1925 depicting his May 1925 depicting ’s hand of 8 al Garden, ACC 4889/194, 8 May 1925 ACC 4889/194, 8 May 1925 al Garden, ld it be returned to the Park Lands and thereby and thereby the Park Lands to it be returned ld Memorial to allow room from King William Road House should be taken ation to put forward a proposal remove the “Gardener’s Cottage” in the north-eastern corner Figure nument. Government House grounds wo War Memorial Garden’ dated in Pelzer Garden’ War Memorial of Suggested National War Memori 1911, p. 22). Report

Annual ( … the guard-room at entrance of Government made into the grounds to the north of Soldiers’ North Terrace at the back of the mo park concept design for the Government House grounds shou Government for the design concept Corporation care. Source: Plan Corporation care. Source: Pelzer’s ‘Plan of Suggested National of Pelzer’s ‘Plan elsewhere in Adelaide. This enabled the Corpor “stone wall” and making detailing representations including that: taking over an existing cottage. Pelzer prepared a detailed plan for the latter proposal including a new monument site in the centre of the new park, and provision a

NORTH TERRACE: 553 f the Corporation. Note the tampering tampering the Note Corporation. the f

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES rrace ‘Promenade’ that was vested in the care and management o management and the care in vested was that ‘Promenade’ rrace

Figure North Terrace Alignment Act 1715 of 1925. Terrace Alignment North that indicates the exact measurements of land along the North Te North the of land along measurements exact the that indicates ion of measurements accordingly. Source: Source: accordingly. ion of measurements North Terrace Alignment Act 1715 of 1925 Act 1715 of Alignment North Terrace The First Schedule to the the to Schedule First The tract of public or subject land and the variat and land or subject public tract of

of

Ulmus 1913, pp. Report

ce and the North Terrace (7.92m) under the care

trampled upon and ruined. referred to the , Light and Wellington Annual tail the Council in heavy cost for NORTH TERRACE: 554 was practically ruined by persons Suburbs, and if the fences were ll portion of the fencing round the The University Land Act 1944 d run into approximately £1,500 at d by the fencing of land “round the Squares would be ruined. Jubilee Exhibition Act 351 of 1885 rkets at Gepp’s Cross, it would be possible to at locality was less affected by wandering cows, that formally vested land along North ounds and the Jubilee Exhibition Ground. The me the flower beds were able. Mayor Bonython replied, noting that Squares was not within the bounds of practical rmination, the matter of removal in the centre of Victoria Square were put there land by the government legislative drafters ock routes for sheep and cattle, but also his marsh, Hurtle, Whitmore ereafter the width from this point to Frome Frome Road, in the care of the Corporation was constrained to counsel caution in a policy the Reserves on North Terra discussed before eastwards to Frome Road. ncing Pelzer continued renovation works to 2 (1) of the legislation indicating a clear the roots of extant English Elms ( ens in the municipality requesting Mayor John formally vested under legislation until the formally vested under legislation inches (5.24m) wide at a north-south line where nd was 43 feet (13.10m) at the King William Adelaide, state parliament also approved the “he was quite in accord … ” with Cohen “from

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES that vested an additional 26 feet shops throughout the City and the present time on account of the large number persons who kept ar future, it would most certainly en , as within three months the lawn the management of North Terrace ges of the lawns. The cost woul an experiment by removing a sma continued, the lawns inside the further reason that sheep were driven from the North Terrace onjunction with the gazettal of North Terrace Alignment Act 1715 of 1925 to visitors.” This was evidence onale behind the question, that: 1913, pp. 53-54). 1913, pp. 53-54). Annual Report North Terrace Alignment Act 1715 of 1925 ( least designedly about fourteen years ago; prior to that ti North Terrace Gardens between the University Gr experiment proved to be disastrous making short cuts across it, and the Town Clerk had to have the fence replaced. remove the fencing round Victoria Square, because th but if this should be done in the ne dwarf walls to protect the outer ed Gardens generally. … Squares could not be considered at cows within the City. … politics at the present time, for Markets every week to the butchers’ removed while such sheep-driving 6. Last year the Town Clerk made 7. When the Abbatoirs were open, and new Stock Ma 3. The same remarks, applied to the fences round fences round the flower beds 5. The light palisading 1. The removal of the fences round Victoria, Hind 2. The removal of the fences round above-named that transferred land formally part of then repealed In conclusion Mayor Bonython recorded that the aesthetic appearance of the Squares … yet he Street end, progressively dwindling to 17 feet 2 the western flank of Pulteney Street terminates; th Road was 3.75m wide. Also, the promenade as the ‘Government Walk’ in Clause nomenclature interpretation over the lineal tract of and Crown Lands managers. In c including the Jubilee Oval to University of North Terrace (Alignment) Act 1928 of 1929 Terrace promenade in the Corporation. The la 1929 of the Corporation from Pulteney Road point While the state government delegated reserves/promenade, from King William Street to of the City Adelaide, such delegation was not gazettal of the In April 1913 Alderman (later Lord Mayor) Lewis Cohen first proposed the removal of all iron around the Squares and Gard palisading fencing Lavington Bonython consider what options were vi the municipality’s streets were still being used as st sympathy with the aesthetic rati which would be costly and might lead to disaster in the Gardens which were such a source of pride to the citizens and delight the North Terrace Gardens.” With this policy dete palisading did not re-surface until 1916 in various forms as proposals ( p. 32). 1916, 53-55; Notwithstanding the debate about palisade fe North Terrace. In 1913 he extensively trenched

erly occupied by the Royal the by occupied erly . that distributed land form that

Adelaide and the School of Mines & Industries, as well & Industries, the School of Mines Adelaide and Figure North Terrace to the care and management of the the of management and the care to Terrace North North Terrace (Alignment) Act 1928 of 1929 North Terrace (Alignment) North Terrace (Alignment) Act 1928 of 1929 Act North Terrace (Alignment) Agricultural & Horticultural Society to the University Society to of University Agricultural & Horticultural the as a small slither of land, 26 feet (7.92m) wide, along wide, 26 feet (7.92m) slither of land, small as a Source: Corporation. Schedule 1 of the Schedule

(Source: South rintendent of Public better advantage as a site at portion now devoted to the and compounds, grounds, be allotted to the he Jubilee Exhibition land required by a University grounds, from a line drawn in in drawn from a line grounds, its functions if it were removed

the Adelaide Hospital Board. NORTH TERRACE: 555 s and compounds, and buildings y attention to the question of the ched. We recommend— sity on a site as near to the city llotted to the University of Adelaide if its ed thence to the Frome Road, be allotted to insure it against any necessity of further rintendent of Public Buildings, and Buildings, and for storage purposes hibition Building stands, and that portion of an area of not less than three acres of it set , it is recommended— so allotted, but east of King William Road d Police buildings xtension purposes, but that until such time as ngs be reacquired by the State from progressive State is not less than 100 acres e department of the Supe brary, Art Gallery, and Museum, that ovision of an adequate kind is made for the devoted for purposes of public reaction. t purposes, and that ency in the disposition and management of as the Old Lunatic Asylum, [4.85ha] the domain could be used to ; but that portion of the th public gardens atta necessary for railway requirements. 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES reserves on North Terrace, Adelaide, be retained under the control of ious Diseases Hospital elsewhere, th known as the Old Lunatic Asylum Adelaide.—Seeing that the area of e Destitute and Police building d on North Terrace for University purposes … s Government House could fufil all at the Commission should give earl , and that the greatest area possible to be a the Military Parade Ground and buildings, the lands occupied by the Destitute an buildings used for military purposes, the land marked Produce Depôt, the land occupied by the Old Exhibition workshops by the department of the Supe the land and buildings known That a new location be found for the Univer possible, having an area of land sufficient removal.

I. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) be resumed at the earliest possible date. That when suitable arrangements can be made the Governor’s residence be located elsewhere. That— That any lands necessary for railway purposes be an be not used for any buildings That the Military Parade Ground and buildi Commonwealth, and that the whole area be That the lands occupied by th used for military purposes, shall be resumed, and apart for extension purpose for the Public Li remainder, with the land marked Produce Depôt on plan, be devoted for purposes of public recreation. That the Jubilee Oval be retained for presen Building be kept intact until such time as pr accommodation of public gatherings continuation of the western boundary of the land on which the School of Mines stands to the southern boundary of the Machinery Hall, and carri the School of Mines. That the whole area of land on which the Old Ex Buildings, and the whole area authorities controlling the Botanic Gardens for e provision is made for the Infect it which is occupied for storage purposes by th treatment of infectious diseases In respect of the University which proposes to meet the growing needs of a [40.47ha] location is not altered under 12 acres

the allotment and future use of public the railway traffic arrangements in the metropolitan area, and the need of excising economy and obtaining effici railway centres in the State, (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

to some other suitable site. It is considered that In the opinion of your Commissioner for an important State or civic building wi (a) (b) (c)

2. A request from the Government th adequacy of the area possible to be allotte Australia 1916, p. iii). 10. In terms of the Royal Commission’s recommendations, the following pertain to North Terrace, and it is relevant to quote all the recommendations:

7 1985 Hedera et al Register and Railway Centres ), along the southern 1915, p. 70; 1920, p. 31; 1915, p. 70; 1920, January, 1916, appointing us to th orientalis

Report

), adjacent to the Government House ) trees and added tree guards the Platanus Annual North Terrace Reserves d politician Thomas Hyland Smeaton (1857- lls and the Adelaide Hospital, prepared the still awaiting the resolution of statues for Sturt , Richard Alfred O’Connor MHA (Liberal), s laid in April 1913, followed by the canopy, s laid in April 1913, followed oposal by John’s daughter, Lilian Gertrude e death of John Angas with a site in Victoria procera uded J Carr MLC (Labour), John Herbert ed iron posts and cable wire fencing along this ce water draining towards the Gallery from d positioned in 1915 resulting in an overall cost d positioned in 1915 resulting e League of Empire initiated a fund to erect honouring the role of George Fife Angas and turally arose. There was not a statue dedicated shrubs. At the western end of North Terrace

sting in the development of colony. A r in Adelaide, Charles. Charles engaged local unsuccessfully sought the Council to erect a tal was recessed back 0.9m “in connection with anniversary of the death Captain Matthew rected the close clipping of the English Ivy ( 1921 as their roots “were interfering with the th pseudoacacia Committee, and after considerable political ont of the Exhibition Buildings were extended and 1914, p. 6; 1919, pp. 9-10; 1920, p. 6). 1914, p. 6; 1919, pp. Mayor Allen Simpson expressed the wish that a

Ulmus Report

Robinia 1913, pp. 62, 64; 1914, p. 81; 1915, pp. 66, 70; 1916, p. 43; 1916, pp. 66, 70; 1913, pp. 62, 64; 1914, p. 81; 1915, Report Annual

Annual (1916-17). Chaired by architect an ) trees in front of the Government House wa inquire into and report upon— 1. In pursuance of the Commission issued by your Excellency on the 13 ) that overhung the Government House walling so as to control its spread and “permit procera site for the Angas Statue, and replaced 27 poorly Flinders (1774-1814) and the topic of a statue na flower beds in fr frontage. During 1920 the he planted a line of 22 False Acacia ( following year. In the centre, outside Art Gallery, Pelzer constructed a 365m long open spoon drain with tarred screenings to catch surfa North Terrace, and regraded the pathways in front of the Gallery and South Australian Museum. Over this period Pelzer regularly di helix more light to the Ivy” ( 1918, p. 32). On 14 July 1914 the State celebrated 100 the Corporation noted that it was to Flinders, and Angas. and a pending one for George Fife suitable statue be erected. In September 1920 th suitable memorial to Flinders ( The Angas Memorial proposal involved a statue architect George Soward to prepare and supervise the design that was undertaken by sculptor William Robert Colton. The foundation stone wa before the sculpture figures arrived from Italy an of £4,000. No unveiling occurred and Charles fence around the memorial. In 1930 the statue was relocated to its present location in Angas pp. 58-61; ACC Archives File No F64R; 1629/12; Gardens (Cameron 1997, May 1915, p. 6). Hospi During 1915 the roadway in front of widening” and Pelzer had to re-erect the galvanis replanted. The two areas of English Elm ( of had to fell the specimen. The regime footpath, was also poisoned by gas in 1922 and Pelzer general maintenance continued throughout the 1920s ( 1921, p. 36; 1922, 27; 1923, 36). In 1916 the state Labour government established Royal Commission Cooke MLC (Liberal), John Gunn MHA (Labour) var.). The purpose of the Royal Commission was to: John Howard Angas in contributing to and inve Angas, for the donation and a site in North Terrace the Prince Henry Gardens. Then based in London, she entrusted the task to her brothe growth of plants in the rockeries.” A large Plane Tree ( 1927) MHA (Labour), commission members incl MHA (Liberal) (Coxon Thompson Green MHA (Labour) and George Richards Laffer memorial was first proposed in 1904 following th Square being proposed by the Council. However, Council had forgotten that it promised this site to the Charles Sturt State community debate Council finally acceded to a pr wall and the Hospital, were again trenched in

Premier Premier

The People in rious public purpose public rious City, was brought into terpretation of the extant of terpretation From Stone Cutter to

NORTH TERRACE: 556 pp. 210, 217). pp. 210, 217). et al Terrace allotted for va Terrace allotted for (1927) and enrich and beautify the elaide (1893-96), Albert (1896-05), Torrens Torrens elaide (1893-96), Albert (1896-05), ations. The plan also depicts the dissection Alderman Cohen, who, as the occupant of lawns dotted with ornamental trees in front of ettal instrument, and this is the “plan” referred the commission as he was trained and practiced was the Surveyor-General’swas in

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES p. 206; Marsden as SA Chief Censor in 1916, writing et al rcy Beaver (1866-1947) reported: (1924) (Coxon (1916) in 1916 that delineates land along North along North delineates land (1916) in 1916 that Education in South Australia from 1896 to 1927 Education in South Australia from 1896 to … the memorial, which illustrations demonstrate will existence mainly through the instrumentality of Mr (1914), (1914), a series of lawn spaces dotted with ornamental trees dotted with ornamental of lawn spaces a series

Politics and Minister of Education Horace Pe Town Clerk (1916-37) North Terrace ‘Promenade’ or gardens themselves. As part of the submissions to Commission the Surveyor-General’s department tabled a map of the North Terrace reserves indicating their reservation function and legal gaz to above that was used in the Commission’s deliber of the ‘North Terrace Promenade’ into a series opposite Pulteney Street. the various cultural institutions as well as female toilet (M.7458) Smeaton was an interesting choice to the chair as an architect in Adelaide but his later years turned to politics. He was a councillor of the Corporation (1896-98), a Labour MHA for East Ad (1915-21), and appointed (1905-15), Sturt Figure the present buildings North Terrace Reserves and Railways Centres Royal Commission Royal Centres and Railways North Terrace Reserves um of Music, be transferred to a new orities deem it wise to transfer the whole l departments, with the exception of the he provision of accommodation for University dings erected elsewhere, nic Gardens are unsightly and unsuitable, uth Australia 1916, np. but so treated that the pleasances of these reserves the walls which form the street and terrace ng to the School of Mines has been actioned, of the King Edward VII Memorial Fund, had detailed in subsection III. on was asked to approve a location in front of statue was brought before the Corporation in ’ as tabled by the Surveyor-Generalthe to No specific recommendations were made as to the Terrace. Source: So [sic.] (South Australia 1916, pp. v-vi). [sic.] (South Australia 1916, pp. v-vi). rrace which was acceded to. reservation. Note also the spatial landscape design of the ‘North Terrace Promenade’ into into Promenade’ Terrace ‘North the design of landscape spatial the also Note reservation. That until such time as the University auth be retained for the purposes That no further expense be incurred in t of the activities University to buil departments on the present site, and that al Law and Medical Schools the Conservatori location as soon possible.

II. III.

Your Commissioners are further of the opinion that may be shown to best advantage boundaries of Government House Domain and the Bota recommend that these be removed in whole or part,

11. Extract Terrace, of the ‘Plan Adelaide of North instrument of legal including their landscape along the northern side of North North of side landscape along the northern

1919. This proposal, launched by the Committee The matter of a site for the King Edward VII been delayed due to the war, and Corporati the Institute Building on North Te

and 10 (7) is in part occurring presently. Of these recommendations, only the 10 (6) pertaini

18

1923, 17 1923, 17 Register

The 1990, pp. 254- Washingtonia et al The Register 1927, p. 29). NORTH TERRACE: 557 Report

Annual 12 October 1923, p. 9; 12 October 1923, er was removing the rockeries in front of the er was removing the rockeries in front to necessitate the widening of North Terrace the public in media with overall er town clerk Thomas G Ellery in Melbourne Chancellor of the University Adelaide. 1836- hoing a larger community desire to remain Park hoing a larger community of Sir Samuel Way was unveiled in front of the am turning corner arcs. The widening works a shortage of copper during the War, and was fused a proposal to widen the bitumen surface AW Dobbie & Co under the supervision of WG te Governor Brigadier-General Sir Alexander h subscribers. The commission was given to rete. Despite the poll the Trust continued its h Terrace open space to the Trust as part of its and Chief Justice Sir George Murray ( 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES bed, ‘The Right Honourable Sir Samuel James Way. and colleague Sir Langdon Bonython in 1914, even and colleague Sir Langdon The Register 1924, pp. 17-18; 1927, p. 9; 1928, p. 31; Owen Smyth 1923, p. 9; WH Langham, p. 31; Owen Smyth 1923, 9; WH Langham, 9; 1928, p. 1927, 1924, pp. 17-18; Report

) were removed from the North Terrace gardens ( Annual of North Terrace 3.0m east to the advantage Municipal Tramways Trust (MTT). This decision, in late 1923, was forthrightly debated by desire being not to excise land from the Nort tram widening and construction project; thus, ec Land as a recreation and amenity space. The Trust was seeking the removal of old rails, their relocation, and the laying of new rails in conc discussions and negotiations with the Corporation road surface to accommodate tram tracks and tr were, in part, eventually approved and by 1928 Pelz Hospital and retrenching the grounds to sow lawns together with the removal of all fencing. The debate also coincided with the death of form ( ‘City Changes; Widening North Terrace’, the memorial unveiled on 25 April 1931 by sta the memorial unveiled on 25 April 1931 Hore-Ruthven (later Lord Gowrie). Sydney sculptor G Raynor-Hoff was commissioned to devise the sculpture pieces, which were cast by ACC Archives File No 2718; Marsden Laycock (Cameron 1997, pp. 101-105; 255). During 1923 a poll of Corporation ratepayers re robusta October, p. 9). statue On 17 November 1924 a life-size bronze University of Adelaide grounds. It is inscri pp. 87-91). Cameron 1997, November 1924, p. 8; elderly Cotton Palms ( During the late 1920s several of “large overgrown,” Baronet PC, Lieutenant Governor. Chief Justice. 1916’. The statue was instigated by friend before Way’s death, who raised £1,600 throug Alfred Drury, but delayed in completion due to eventually unveiled by Lieutenant Governor e site and determining a t thing. The War Memorial should ition of State Governors, but I do not agree that 1919, p. 9). e suggestion of Sir Samuel Way, placed 4.5m e suggestion of Sir Samuel ption of the fund, to which he himself subscribed titled ‘Spirit of Sacrifice’ was accepted, and th her arms extended and the fruits of state coronation regalia with symbolic sculptuary of e of selecting a suitabl ntore Avenue and North Terrace. A design pedestal, and carries an inscription ‘Edward July 15 1920. The bronze figure was prepared July 15 1920. The Victoria Square, and the situation of statue ound, to the Government House domain itself, a possible site, over numerous years, resulted in tefiore Hill. State MHA Frederick Birrell, in Report 1990, p. 255).

path and the visual line of sight. In 1987 Ian path and the visual line of sight. In 1987 Ian the statue was better positioned within the ng the statue stand three female figures mory was accepted, and land excised from the s erected in early 1920 and unveiled by King et al Terrace Precinct Development by Taylor Cullity the monument exceeded 9.1m with a weight of Annual ( Government House grounds is the righ 9 December 1987; ACC Archives File No 753/19; Cameron 1997, (cited in Marsden 1919, p. 9; 1920, pp. 5-6). pp. 5-6). 1919, p. 9; 1920, News

The Report

Annual be on Montefiore Hill what is proposed to be done I favour the removal of Government House and the abol Mayoral Chair in 1910, was responsible for the ince £500 and the Council donated £250 Finally in 1926 the concept of a Shrine Me Government House Domain on the corner of Ki entry by Woods Bagot Jory & Laybourne Smith, en suitable memorial structure. Intransigence over suggestions ranging from the Torrens Parade Gr Parliament in 1925, stated: Barwick suggested that the statue be relocated to Lethlean in 2001 ( pp. 4-79; With the cessation of World War I in 1919 thought shifted to remembering those lost and the erection of war memorials. In Adelaide, a National War Memorial Committee was established by the state Government in 1919 with the purpos to the entire North Terrace promenade, Mon VII King and Emperor 1901-1910’. Spatially streetscape in the 1920s but with time and changes to the Terrace the statue has become an obscure feature jutting into and across the foot was again considered as part of the North gathered at her feet. The total height of 103,637kg. Mackennal also carved the 6.4m high The slightly larger than life bronze statue wa Edward VII’s grandson, the Prince of Wales, on by Australian sculptor Bertram MacKennal upon th above the ground, it depicted late King in his South Australia, Peace and Justice. Surroundi representing Peace, Justice and South Australia wi

Annual ( ee plantings as well I will, however, give you however, I will, lve the traffic problem, I consider NORTH TERRACE: 558 ur broad streets afford. The South African footpath sequence of tr sequence footpath y bring up some points that will be useful to you. udied the matter in detail. was only the second, first being in 1910 The Mall, Fifth Avenue, or the Champs Elysee. The rt of North Terrace and King William Street. They nt is also widened thereby removing existing ees. This constituted a major landscape design levelling of large portions the Gardens, and tram lines along North Terrace, included the the palisade fencing around Parliament jor renovation to the North Terrace Gardens of the cross roads outside Government House at were discussed. In late 1929 the Corporation 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES House walling. Source: ACC Archives. House walling. the main streets and also help to so 1928, p. 31). Report

seen, and the magnificent vistas which o Annual 1928, p. 4). er, and signed 15 March 1926, that depicts the pedestrian the depicts 1926, that March 15 signed er, and I am rather diffident about this, because I have not st some general ideas of my own, in the hope that they ma To improve the aesthetic appearance of the tramlines should be removed from greater pa are out of place there as they would be in Piccadilly, statues could then be War Memorial might be placed in the centre Report trees and shrubs along the Government shrubs trees and While Corporation discussions in the 1920s often involved future of palisade fencing around the Squares, it was not simply the Squares th wrote to the state Government suggesting that and North Terrace, be removed for William Road House Gardens, on the corner of King aesthetic reasons ( During 1929 the Corporation approved a ma (East). These works, allied to the renovation of removal of rockeries and fencing, re-grading considerable lawn and tree planting. The paveme street tree plantings, and Pelzer planted 64 new tr renovation to the ‘North Terrace Promenade’ and Figure 1990, pp. et al uth Australian Museum as prepared by Pelz by as prepared Museum uth Australian l 1990, pp. 253-254). l 1990, pp. 253-254). et a Government House Domain Dedication s the removal of the present pathway and the planting of dense dense of planting the and pathway present of the removal s the truction of a Railway Station to designs won the design competition for the structure a new wall along the King William Road flank, invited the retiring state Governor, Sir Tom this structure was converted into the Adelaide 1928, pp. 3-5). Bridges, when considering North sign, the exterior was expressed in reinforced the Government House Domain occurred excising Report ens” between King William Street and the So the William Street and King ens” between

Annual which sought to prevent any further excisions (Marsden the sequence with the ‘Government House Walk’ area that indicate that area Walk’ House ‘Government the with sequence the A landscape plan of the “North Terrace Gard “North Terrace plan of the A landscape

251-252). In late 1928 the Lord Mayor, Sir Wallace Bruce, Bridges, to draw some observations about the aesthetic condition of the municipality and thoughts as to possible changes ( Terrace, stated: During 1926-28 works commenced upon the cons prepared by architects Garlick & Jackman whom held in 1924. A neo-classical architectural de Casino and a larger portion of the associated platforms removed or covered to accommodate the Hyatt Regency hotel, Adelaide Convention Centre and the ACER tower (Marsden and demolition of the guardhouse loggia and re-erection gates. An additional excision occurred to accommodate the War Memorial on the corner of Kintore Avenue and North Terrace. This further excision resulted in the gazettal of concrete. During the 1980s a large portion of During 1926 a further excision of land from the westernsome 20 feet (6.094m) from Domain along flank of the King William Road. This necessitated the demolition and construction of Act 1927

ssp], so so ssp], 21 Ulmus Battalion th Fraxinus Advertiser the bronze figures were 1930-31, p. 24). NORTH TERRACE: 559 Battalion, Villiers Bretonneux’. Report th

Annual ect to assessment by Pelzer. While Pelzer 1930-31, pp. 22, 23). rusticated marble structure, with a width of Regiment. These inscriptions read: ‘Royal aide. The structure was opened by the state val of “some the trees [that] blocked the on bearing the Imperial crown. Side doorways was required, against his recommendations, to und, upon felling seven of the trees, that they ructure and its arch was a bas-relief in white ructure and its arch was a bas-relief in white evolution of the War Memorial Crosses. These er Hoff of Sydney, and eron 1997, pp. 101-105; ACC Archives File No eron 1997, pp. 101-105; ACC Report undertook re-levelling works and the erection of

winged angel together with words from John the 90 units which they served. Contractors were the same time the Corporation deliberated on a e location of a statue honouring Matthew Flinders onstructed on the corner of North Terrace and d by Bonython which Bagot first proposed on the on of £40,000 by Sir John Lavington Bonython to on of £40,000 by Sir John Lavington love of trees in the same correspondence. of Duty and several bronze figures forming a War and the passive epilogue of war being dden electric lights, harbouring some 6,000 South 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES ) on North Terrace, in front of the Memorial, because ) on North Terrace, in front of the and they “were shading the ash trees [ Annual rneo, Vietnam’, and ‘Tobruk Siege’ ( Battalion, Pozieres’, ‘50 th procera

1938, p. 19; Cameron 1997, pp. 110-112). 110-112). p. 19; Cameron 1997, pp. 1938, e not shaping uniformly. ... [These] trees, totalling 21, had been e not shaping uniformly. ... [These] Ulmus Corporation proposed to remove seven English Elm ( 1930-31, pp. 23-24; 1931-32, p. 26). 1930-31, pp. 23-24; 1931-32, Battalion Pozieres’, ‘48 th Report

) trees and possibly another two specimens subj Annual Kintore Avenue. Land for the memorial was excised from the Government House Domain, and Messrs Woods Bagot Jory & Laybourne Smith undertook the design execution. Their winning design proposal was for a Macclesfield grey of the st In front 10.7m and a height of 15.24m. Angaston marble with the active prologue of represented. Incorporated was a 4.8m statue pyramidal group 2.7m high. To the rear was a Oxenham’s poem “Hail! And Farewell”. Below the angel figure was a fountain, the fountain of compassion, fed through the mouth of a bronze li led to the crypt, lit by a small skylight and hi Australian names of dead persons arranged by SA Monumental Works Ltd, statuary by G Rayn prepared by Messrs AW Dobbie & Co Ltd in Adel December 1931 the Corporation agreed to take care of Governor on Anzac Day 1931, and in the site on behalf of state Government and 2 electric lights to floodlight the memorial (Cam 218; Associated with the War Memorial has been comprise six canopied alcoves, set in the Government House walling, that were unveiled on 31 July 1938 to honour battles in the First World War. These inscriptions include ‘10 During 1930-31 the State War Memorial was c Pozieres’, ‘27 An additional cross was added on 19 April 1979 to honour the Tobruk Siege, and a further cross An additional cross was added on 19 April 1979 to on 18 August 1979 to honour the Royal Australian Australian Regiment, Korea, Malaya, Bo fell nine mature English Elm ( they obstructed the view of Memorial that the latter were growing one-sided—towards the light away from elms—with result that the crowns of trees wer planted 20 feet [6m] apart 50 years ago ...” He fo had been eaten internally by white ants ( At the same time the Corporation agreed to th in the North Terrace Gardens opposite Stephens Place ( Another major project of the 1930s was erection Bonython Hall on North Terrace for University of Adelaide. Arising from a donati construct a “Great Hall”, University architect Walter Bagot of Woods Laybourne Smith & Irwin undertook the design of the structure in Bonython’s preferred medieval style using Murray Bridge limestone. The site was also determine south-western corner of Frome Road and Victoria Drive. Bonython laid the foundation stone in September 1933, p. 55; 1 August On 23 March 1930 the Corporation considered correspondence from Returned Sailors’ and landscaping works surrounding seeking early completion of paving and League Soldiers’ Imperial the yet to be unveiled State War Memorial. At letter from the Attorney General seeking the remo procera was supportive of this proposal he found that view” of the Memorial despite expressing his Following a site meeting, the (1916- ] edgings been planted to date. 1929, pp. 10, 33). 1929, pp. 34, 36; shrubs, and trees have not ssp) were “raised Report Report

below the newly constructed Eucalyptus marginata connection with the widening of , assented on 24 December Fraxinus ls in North Terrace East, the work pillar, one fire-alarm standard, one Annual Annual 1929 ). ntres Royal Commission Reports of to be vested in the Corporation of [15-25cm] 1929 ssp) species trees which will be the Desert of trees, shrubberies, etc., is larger than before. the newly planted lawns, d 92 ornamental shrubs have along the edges of lawns, etc.” This is the removal and reinstatement works. The grant from the state Government to assist in Bureau to different positions, and relay the ansplanted from the propagating beds to the rtently excluded from the original 1911 A great quantity of earth filling has been carted and possible locations in the Gardens, and a tender 1929, p. 34). h of 26 feet (7.92m). This land commences at h Terrace ‘promenade’ east of Pulteney Street in osity, not discussed in the parliamentary debates, lant the ‘Promenade’. The widening works also pproved the relocation of the Memorial from Fraxinus of the land along Terrace vested in Jubilee International Exhibition land to the towards its centenary and these works may have lly bitumenised and electrification occurred. centenary celebrations. Additionally, Pelzer has been cut off the reserve in Report Pulteney Street to North Terrace and extends

ssp) trees ready for planting in 1930. The years are had largely since 1911 landscaped and managed this tract The University Act 1944 ) specimens today. The Ash ( the roadway and altering of the leve [3.0m] w site location in July 1929 ( rrace as part of these works ( Annual was found necessary to shift one letter- ( es were from six to ten inches Fraxinus Terrace Reserves and Railway Ce

oxycarpa The University Land Act 1944 North var is a plan indicating “land proposed Act angustifolia

of remodelling the garden reserves is well in hand. spread, as portions of the reserv weighing-machine, and one structure of the Weather In connection with the widening of Apart from lawns, herbaceous plants, etc., 64 trees an underground electric-light cables kerb. Although a strip of 10 feet the roadway, the present garden area, embracing lawns, On account of the very changeable weather experienced, progressed as well as desired. It Fraxinus been a precursor forward plan for the 1936 de la Motte 1980, p. 6). In the same year, North Terrace was first fu With the renovations proposed for North Terrace, future of Angas Memorial was considered. In March 1929 the Corporation a also important as South Australia is moving recorded that “in North Terrace Gardens 400 feet [122m] of jarrah [ North Terrace to Angas Gardens, accepting a £250 under Pelzer, that sought to re-design and re-p In terms of trees, Pelzer planted 64 new Ash ( Ash ( from cuttings and seeds respectively, have been tr 12. Pelzer has listed, in open nursery beds” in the Corporation Karrawirra/Park 1929, that he will have 100 Ash ( [304.8m] of hoop-iron have been put and 1,000 feet first record of hoops being used in the North Terrace Gardens. Most palms and cycads were also removed from North Te this process. Pelzer prepared a sketch indicating by Messrs Ciprano & Co for £365 was accepted Corporation approved the actual ne While obscure to the North Terrace, the City of Adelaide stippled in black” a widt the alignment of the western flank curi eastwards to Frome Road. This legislative the Corporation, yet Corporation of land presumably assuming that it was part Corporation in 1911, which was obviously inadve agreement or instrument ( heightened the finished level of North Terrace camber. Pelzer, in charge of the project, summarised works as: appears to legally vest management of the Nort 1929, transferred the majority of the former University of Adelaide for university purposes. This legislation was in contrast to the recommendations of the 17). Hidden in this

) clad Exhibition Building with its with Exhibition Building ) clad NORTH TERRACE: 560 ont fence or walling of the Exhibition Exhibition or walling of the ont fence and School grounds and was one of two and was one School grounds and Hedera helix Hedera ) along the road edge, followed by a width of width of a by followed edge, the road ) along oxycarpa extanttherearterraced in of the garden Building var tcard of “The Bonython Hall & Exhibition Buildings, Bonython Hall & Exhibition Buildings, of “The tcard Figure

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES by a shrub garden bed and then the fr then and a shrub garden bed by Fraxinus angustifolia /vehicular entrances to the Building the to entrances /vehicular .1930, depicting an English Ivy ( .1930, depicting c lawn with ornamental trees, followed lawn with ornamental trees, followed is Garden, now in Rundle fountain, possibly The Building. pedestrian right the left and between collection. private Source: Buidling. of the flank Terace North the on located small fountain granddome, the mature Desert( Ash A Rose Series (P.9413) black and white photograph pos Series (P.9413) black and white photograph A Rose North Terrace,Adelaide”, taken in

South South ) lawned ) lawned Phoenix dactylifera Phoenix formal dual-lawn space in in dual-lawn space formal William Street. Source: William Street. period photographer D Darian Smith. period photographer D Darian ber 1936 by Governor General Lord Gowrie of North Terrace and King and Terrace of North h sides of North Terrace, the Terrace, the of North h sides Figure Figure and Adelaide taken by professional professional taken by Adelaide and ess’s, Lady’s Hore-Ruthven and Dugan, the Date Palm ( Palm the Date Dugan, and Hore-Ruthven Lady’s ess’s, April 1932, np. April 1990, pp. 268-269). 1990, et al garden adjacent to the Parliament House on the corner the Parliament House on adjacent to the garden & Gardens Homes Australian Note the regular mature street tree plantings along bot along plantings tree street mature regular the Note largely Domain House Government within the gardens extensive the Museum, Australian South the front of by state Governor orchestrated An aerial photograph of North Terrace North of An aerial photograph

1933 and the structure was opened on 8 Septem (Marsden

) in ) along the southern southern the ) along Syzygium australe Syzygium

NORTH TERRACE: 561 Platanus orientalis ) and a Lilly-pilly ) and ( a Lilly-pilly n captured in photographs and photo- captured n ographic evidence, all of which represent the the represent all of which evidence, ographic rian pathway and the building can be observed a can be observed the building pathway and rian Ficus macrophylla

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES ) and within the lawns of the University’s Goodman Crescent a Goodman Crescent University’s the lawns of ) and within e mature single line of Oriental Planes ( Oriental line of single e mature raph of North Terrace – a view ofte Terrace raph of North Phoenix canariensis ), and some cycads as evidenced in other phot as cycads some ), and n era formality and grandeur. Between the pedest cies ornamental trees including a Moreton bay Fig ( Fig bay a Moreton including trees ornamental cies Phoenix dactylifera Phoenix 1-2 Canary Island Palms ( 1-2 Canary Island Palms .1930, being a classic period photog classic period being a .1930, c

Figure ) along the northern pedestrian pathway and th pathway and ) along the northern pedestrian ), a Date Palm ( Palm a Date ), ees possessing Victoria ees possessing oxycarpa var ), in front of the Art Gallery Art the of in front ), Washingtonia robusta strong interest in tr in interest strong ilding), and a collection and a of different spe collection ilding), d the Hills, Adelaide, SA”, taken in taken SA”, Hills, Adelaide, d the Fraxinus angustifolia Phoenix dactylifera Phoenix ), Mexican Date Palms ( Palms Date ), Mexican Washingtonia filifera Washingtonia Public Buildings, Owen Public who Smyth, Buildings, had a the two lines of mature Desert Ash ( mature Desert Ash the two lines of Museum), lawns (In front of the Mitchell Bu Mitchell front of the Museum), lawns (In photograph postcard of “North Terrace an of “North postcard photograph Source: private collection. cluding Cotton Palms ( cluding Cotton Palms collection of palms in collection of palms footpath. Within the lawns of the Museum is some six evident Date Palms ( Palms Date evident six some is the Museum of the lawns Within footpath. A Rose Series (P.9746) black and white A Rose Note the 1900s onwards. postcards from ideals and wishes of the Superintendent of Superintendent the of wishes and ideals the of front (in beds shrub collection of front of the Mitchell Building. Building. Mitchell front of the

1933-34, Report

Report

Annual 1933-34, p. 25). Annual [wrote Lord Mayor J globe, mounted on an most effective and lend

Report NORTH TERRACE: 562

Pelzer’s retirement a sequence Annual the Corporation was granted permission to onsidered activities, events and actions as tion of three “sanitary drinking fountains” at cted in the middle of the Gardens. As part of etical and practical training and experience in by “H.R.H., the Duke of Gloucester having Centenary of South Australia celebrations in were prompted by the condition of the pathway of Paragon Senior type r, and also had been laid in the pathways of £1,166. Despite this resolution the matter s been mis-used occasionally for the lawns in Kintore Avenue and King William Street as on undertook the renovation of pathway in height. These lamps are on of North Terrace can be named ‘Prince Henry d and relegated position as ‘Curator of Parks & ingly the Corporation considered options to le debate the Corporation approved adoption e celebrations. Works proposed for Victoria the gardens and the Park Lands is evident grey concrete slabs, red or maroon coloured Corporation commenced a reorganisation of the 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES green floodlighting was also proposed for Prince also proposed for Prince green floodlighting was 1936-37, p. 9). surface was formed from crushed Nairne ironstone pp. 7, 9), and they were described as: ct at night being particularly pleasing 1931-32, p. 27). Following 1931-32, p. 27). Following [3.65m] quare and 16 in Prince Henry Gardens ( Report

Annual Annual Report 1935-36, p. 37). On 15 April 1935 the Corporation appointed A Stanley 15 April 1935 1935-36, p. 37). On 1935-36, pp. 34-35; 1936-37, p. 22). 1936-37, 34-35; pp. 1935-36, Report

ornamental concrete standard 12 feet character to both these reserves, the effe The units, which are very chaste in design, consist Lavington Bonython] ( Annual Report Annual surfaces in Prince Henry Gardens. These works that carried considerable foot traffic. The screenings alternated with screened Findon pebbles. The pebbles proved the most reliable and resilient to the pedestrian traffic wea Victoria Square. But despite the favourable wear the path could not handle the traffic volumes against the seasonal weather patterns. Accord resurface this 5.4m wide pathway with either concrete slabs, or slate. Following considerab of the maroon-coloured concrete slabs at a cost came again before the Corporation in 1936 and motion re-passed approving use of “green concrete slabs” but that no path be constru these works, the Corporation approved installa a cost of £41 10s in the Gardens and Terrace between King William Street Pulteney Street ( 1933-34, p. 33; 1935-36, pp. 5-8; 1936-37, 5-8; 1936-37, pp. p. 33; 1935-36, 1933-34, In conjunction with these works the Corporati Square included the installation of floodlights through the use pale blue and green lights for the “illuminations of trees”. Pale blue and Henry Gardens. In conjunction with the floodlights, coloured lanterns were borrowed from City of Melbourne Council and used in the trees as part illumination decorations. Some eight lights were installed in Victoria S p. 33; 1938-39, 8). From 1933 onwards the Corporation debated and c part of the pending 1936 centenary stat City Gardener’s Branch ( of gardeners and a change commitment to throughout the municipality notwithstanding the 1936 ( England,” with varied work experience in New South Wales in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, and Victoria. Orchard passed away suddenly on 15 March 1939 ( Following correspondence with Buckingham Palace, designate the North Terrace Gardens between “Prince Henry Gardens.” Permission was granted On 29 February 1932 Pelzer retired and the Orchard FRHS to replace Pelzer the re-title Gardens’. Orchard brought to the position “theor been received,” and the Corporation recommended its adoption on 22nd November 1933. This letter of authority clearly designates what porti Gardens’, note the singular tense, and which ha front of the former School Mines & Industries buildings (

) along ) and Sweet North Terrace, North oxycarpa var d Government House, nt House Domain grounds nt House Domain Cinnamomum camphora ee-lined Boulevard, period cast-iron and timber seating and timber cast-iron period d associated rear perimeter garden beds garden rear perimeter d associated Fraxinus angustifolia . Source: private collection. collection. private . Source: “Soldiers’ Memorial an Memorial “Soldiers’ lling separating the Governme the lling separating Figure Figure Figure s of mature Desert Ash ( Desert Ash s of mature specimens of extant Camphor Laurel ( Laurel Camphor of extant specimens e photograph postcard of “Adelaide’s Tr of “Adelaide’s postcard e photograph pathway, iron hoops in the foreground, foreground, the pathway, iron hoops in ite photograph postcard of postcard ite photograph ) evident in the right foreground right the in ) evident .1930, depicting the completed War Memorial an Memorial completed War the .1930, depicting c .1930, depicting the two .1930, depicting line c Pittosporum undulatum the road edge framing the pedestrian pedestrian edge framing the road the from the War Memorial from the site with War Memorial young with climbing ivy on the newly constructed curved wa newly on the with climbing ivy ( Pittosporum and the general lawn amenity of the “Boulevard”. Source: private collection. collection. private Source: “Boulevard”. the of lawn amenity general the and Adelaide, SA”, taken in SA”, taken in Adelaide, Adelaide”, taken in Adelaide”, A Rose Series (P.9259) black and wh A Rose Series (P.9411) black and whit A Rose

NORTH TERRACE: 563 an aerial photograph of metropolitan of metropolitan photograph an aerial ) in Prince Henry Gardens. Source: ACC archives. archives. ACC Source: Gardens. Henry ) in Prince

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES Ulmus procera e evident. Below: an extract of Below: e evident. lar lawn spaces along the Terrace ar the Terrace lar lawn spaces along the Institute Building, the mature English Elms ( Elms English mature the Building, Institute the Figure s City Engineer. s Engineer. Semi-rectangu City wns, the plaza space in front of space in front the plaza wns, street tree planting, use of la of use planting, tree street as prepared by the Corporation’ the as prepared by Above: an extract of a ‘Plan of the City of Adelaide’ dated 1935 1935 dated of Adelaide’ the City of ‘Plan a of extract an Above: the detail mature as to Terrace. Note North depicting Adelaide

cating a mature Jacaranda cating

NORTH TERRACE: 564 ing the Parliament House of King William Street and North Street and King William of bed with perennial flowering shrubs to the left the left to shrubs flowering bed with perennial ont of the Art Gallery indi of ont ) specimens to the left rear, a Canary Island Palm Palm Island Canary a rear, left the to ) specimens

Figure Figure by D Darian Smith depict by D Darian Smith

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES Ulmus procera ssp) lawn garden on the corner on the corner ssp) lawn garden Collection, Atkins Technicolor. Collection, Atkins Technicolor. Washingtonia ) to the left, English Elm ( Elm English the left, ) to ) to the right and a tri-circle parterred garden garden parterred and a ) to the right tri-circle Phoenix canariensis Jacaranda mimosifolia Jacaranda front. Source: ACC Archives front. Source: HP1176 ( A black and white photograph of the lawns and gardens in fr gardens and of the lawns and white photograph A black taken white aerial photograph Extract of a black and ( and associated palm buildings D Darian Smith Terrace. Source: (

).

Ulmus procera hed rock wide pathway wide hed rock the left where the present where the the left r Memorial in 1936 as part of the r Memorial in 1936 1936 depicting the rear crus c. small Gardener’s Shed to yle shrubbery gardens arc-ing behind the War Memorial, Memorial, War the behind arc-ing gardens shrubbery yle res preventing public access to the lawns and shrubbery shrubbery and lawns to the access public preventing res Figure Figure Figure ) trees, a line of cast-iron and timber bench seats to the far to the seats bench and timber cast-iron ) trees, a line of garden created in front of the Wa front of the created in garden Ulmus procera Ulmus ) covered curved walling, the ) covered curved walling, the Gardens. Source: ACC Archives HP1175. HP1175. Archives ACC Source: Gardens. y Hedera helix Excel Loo is located, and the lawn area of Prince Henry Gardens with its mature English Elms ( Elms English mature with its Gardens Henry Prince of area lawn the and located, Loo is Excel np. Source: Anon 1936, A black and white photograph of the floral and white photograph A black in Gardens Henry of Prince and white photograph A black state’s centenary celebrations. Note the Gardenesque-st Note the celebrations. centenary state’s the English Ivy ( English Ivy the with the line of mature English Elm ( English mature with the line of wi eight with posts metal pressed galvanised the right, Henr within Prince

ssp globulus

South Australian Eucalyptus

NORTH TERRACE: 565 magazine featuring the Matthew Matthew the featuring magazine D Darian Smith. Source: Darian D Australian Branch of the Returned Sailors’ and , was positioned beneath the Morphett Street The plaque commemorated the first school in Figure

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES 1936-37, p. 11). South Australian Homes & Gardens Homes Australian South Report

Annual ken by professional photographer ken by professional May 1948.. ) in the forecourt of Villiers-Bretonneux Memorial on occasion unveiling by Homes & Gardens Flinders statue, and probably ta and probably Flinders statue, The cover of the May 1948 edition of the of the edition May 1948 cover of the The In 1936 a granite boulder, obtained from Palmer Bridge and a bronze memorial plaque affixed. South Australia that was located near the boulder site, and was sponsored by the South Australian Teachers’ Union ( In October 1938 the State Secretary of South League sought permission to plant a “blue gum-tree” ( Soldiers’ Imperial globulus

, to seek funds e Matthew Flinders statue e Matthew Flinders Who’s Who 12 April 1934, p. 1). ated with the unveiling of th the unveiling ated with The News til the early 1930s. London sculptor Frederick , include bronze relief panels with maps of his Figure Figure rdens (ACC Archives File No 958/20; Cameron rdens (ACC Archives File No 958/20; d navigator Matthew Flinders was finally unveiled on 12 April 13 April 1934, p. 22; 1934. Source: Anon 1936, np. Source: Anon 1934. Advertiser A black and white photograph of the floral tributes associ and white photograph A black in Prince Henry Gardens in in Prince Henry Gardens erect the statue there was no sufficient funds un Brook Hitch was commissioned, and state Governor Sir Alexander Hore-Ruthven unveiled the statue that was positioned in Prince Henry Ga 1997, pp.106-108; A statue honouring explorer an 1934. The life-size bronze, in full naval regalia journeys thereon. While community efforts commenced in 1921, a committee was formed under Secretary Fred Johns who was also the founder of Australia’s

‘Italica’) ‘Italica’) 26 June Populus nigra Populus Advertiser Adelaide campus taken and the mature ornamental 135-137, 138-140, 150-

NORTH TERRACE: 566 rst Act introducing full female suffrage was rnor-General Sir Zelman Cowan. On 18 rrace and the University of University the rrace and Adelaide archives, A500-6. Adelaide tings of palms and cycads, tings of palms and al was unveiled honouring suffragite and trade al was unveiled honouring suffragite a stone pedestal, prepared by sculptor John was commissioned to prepare the bust, as part e development of the University and School of Mines & of the University and School Mines development e ted on a granite pedestal, to honour state usts were added to the lawns of Prince Henry John Dowie, was unveiled on 25 June 1969. A John Dowie, was unveiled on 25 June 1969. bronze bust on a Harcourt granite pedestal of 2-3; 23 March 1976, p. 5; 3 March 1978, p. 3; 19 p. 5; 3 March 1978, 23 March 1976, 2-3; Figure nor-General Sir Paul Hasluck. The bust was meron 1997, pp. 132-134, by sculptor John Dowie, sponsored the er Lord Florey (Howard Walter Florey), on a 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES s undertaken by Patricia Moseley ( Exhibition Building, the now Italian Poplar ( now Exhibition Building, the ade. Source: University of Source: University ade. A black and white photograph aerial photograph of North Te photograph of North aerial and white photograph A black in c.1958 by D Darian Smith for the University. Note th Note University. for the Smith Darian D in c.1958 by former the location of Industries buildings, era plan Victorian replacing the Goodman Crescent planted North Terrace promen trees along The Bonython Fountain was the first water feature installed in North Terrace, 1965. a suite of memorial b During the 1960s to 1990s Gardens. A bronze bust of medical research Harcourt granite pedestal, prepared by sculptor Napier on Sir Mellis bronze bust of Chief Justice by Gover Dowie, was unveiled on 2 July 1970 sponsored by several of Napier’s colleagues. A state Governor Sir Mark Oliphant, prepared Corporation, was unveiled on 2 March 1978 by Gove December 1994 a bronze bust on granite pedest Moseley unionist ‘Mary Lee 1821-1909’. Patricia of the Women’s Suffrage Steering Committee – the fi passed on 18 December 1894 in the colony that was very much led by Lee. In 1997 the Corporation commissioned a bronze bust, moun Governor Dame Roma Mitchell which wa 1970, pp. p. 3; 3 July June 1970, 1969, p. 3; 26 December 1994, p. 5; ACC Archives files; Ca 152).

hes each Desert per ong the western side of footpath, with the hoops largely footpath, with ens. Source: Linguay 2006, p. 155. Linguay 2006, p. ens. Source: and timber seat benc and timber rrace pedestrian rrace pedestrian r Memorial, in Prince Henry Gardens, and it was bags positioned within the root-zone of the mature of the the root-zone within bags positioned ring World War II probably taken in c.1945 by an The an The c.1945 by taken in War II probably World ring Figure Figure ‘Stricta’) was planted al 1938-39, p. 27). Report

sempervirens

s and shrubberies of Prince Henry Gard Henry Prince s and shrubberies of ) tree along the North Te North the ) tree along Annual oxycarpa ) trees, the use of iron hoops and cast-iron iron hoops and use of ) trees, the Cupressus var Ulmus procera Ulmus Fraxinus angustifolia preventing public access to the lawn the access to public preventing A fascinating photograph of Prince Henry Gardens du of Prince Henry Gardens A fascinating photograph Advertiser photographer. The image depicts the construction and siting of air raid structures in Prince Henry Henry in Prince structures raid of air siting and construction the depicts image The photographer. Advertiser sand piping with reinforced of concrete made Gardens Ash ( English Elm ( the King. A site was selected near State Wa planted on Anzac Day 1939 ( A line of Candle Pines ( Art Gallery after 1939.

Board th

ssa (1885-1967), C.J. Dennis NORTH TERRACE: 567 rr (1824-1914), Francis Hardy rr (1824-1914), r Henry Newland (1873-1969), George Fife Angas (1789-1879), ghes (1803-1887), Sir Roland Jacobs (1891- er (1882-1976), Marjorie Jackson Nelson (b. er (1882-1976), Marjorie .1821-1884), Charles Percy Mountford (1890- .1821-1884), 1840-1897), George Elton Mayo (1880-1949), muel Thomas Gill (1818-1880), Walter c de Laetitia Miethke (1881-1962), May Mills Sidney Kidman (1857-1935), Charles Cameron Sidney Kidman (1857-1935), Oliphant (1901-2000), Sir Thomas Playford Oliphant (1901-2000), Sir gan (1889-1947), James Martin (1821-1899), James Martin (1821-1899), gan (1889-1947), Margaret Preston (1875-1963), Sir Archibald Sir Archibald (1875-1963), Margaret Preston Edward Hayward (1903-1983), Sir Robert Hayward (1903-1983), Sir Robert Edward , George Woodroffe Goyder (1826-1898), orge Hannaford (1852-1927), John Anderson (1862-1942) and Sir William Lawrence Bragg Sir William (1862-1942) and , Henry John (Harry) Butler (1889-1924), Sir , Henry Cawthorne (1854-1925), Sir Robert Chapman Cawthorne (1854-1925), Sir Robert e’s advancement and the selection drew from all -1968), Sir Edward Holden (1885-1947), Amos Holden (1885-1947), -1968), Sir Edward , Sir William Mitchell (1861-1962), Daniel William Mitchell , Sir (1869-1945), Charles Allan Seymour Hawker Charles (1869-1945), Baker (1841-1911), Percy Raymond Begg (1898- 907-1966), Dame Ruby Litchfield (1912-2001), 907-1966), Dame Ruby Litchfield (1912-2001), Thomas Elder (1818-1897), Gladys Elphick Thomas ey McLeod (1893-1981), John Abel McPherson ey McLeod (1893-1981), John the South Australian Association of the Most 2001 the Historical Society of South Australia of the state’s Bicentenary Programme. The Langdon Bonython (1848-1939), Sir Donald Sir Donald Langdon Bonython (1848-1939), e same design as extant on the University of 1818-1881), ‘Captain’ Henry Richard Hancock mmediate south-west of the War Memorial on (1821-1897), Walter Hervey Bagot (1880-1963), (1821-1897), Walter Hervey Bagot (1880-1963),

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES e North Terrace promenade to honour the men and land Kingston (1807-1880), Andrew Alexander land Kingston 882-1961), Lillian Daphne de Li r Samuel Davenport (1818-1906), Constance Muriel Davey r Samuel Paris Nesbit (1852-1927), Si John McConnell Black (1855-1951), Abraham Tobias Boas John 1878-1971), Kate Cocks (1875-1954), Sir Walter Crocker (b. 1878-1971), Kate Cocks (1875-1954), Sir Walter rr (1819-1904), Julia Warren Fa rr (1819-1904), Lee (1821-1909), Essington Lewis (1881-1961), Colonel William Lee (1821-1909), Essington .1862-1957), Charles Duguid (1884-1986), Sir Lloyd Dumas (1891- Charles Duguid (1884-1986), .1862-1957), c (2001) book to both commemorate and serve as an explanatory guide .1913-1991), Norman William Jolly (1882-1954), Hooper Josse Brewster William Jolly (1882-1954), Hooper .1913-1991), Norman c S.A.’s Greats 8 November 1987; ACC Archives file G/12/406; A8715). News A memorial drinking fountain was donated by Excellent Order of the British Empire, as part fountain, with plaque, was positioned to the i lawn. The type was similar to those extant along North Terrace. Another donation was of a set of ten scaled down replica gaslights – using th Adelaide fencing – to be positioned in Prince Henry Gardens, serviced by electricity, by the South Australian Gas Company. A plaque recording this donation was unveiled on 2 December 1988 ( In conjunction with the state’s sesquicentennial activities in 1986 the Jubilee 150 proposed the laying of bronze plaques in th women who had made contributions to the stat walks of life. This proposal proceeded, and in published the for the individuals honoured. These plaques honour: Sir Henry Ayers French Angas (1822-1886), John Stokes Bagshaw (1808-1888), Sir Richard 1983), John Bishop (1903-1964), Sir (1842-1923), Lady Bonython (1891-1977), William Henry Bragg Bradman (1908-2001), Sir (1850-1927) (1890-1971), Sir George Brookman Charles Witto-Witto (1896-1952), Hugh Cairns (1866-1942), Sir John Cleland ( Dallwitz (b 1914), Si 1902), David (1882-1963), Peter Smith Dawson (1 (1876-1938), Bejah Dervish ( Sir Allan Dunstan (1926-1999), 1973), Donald (1904-1988), George Henry Fa Fowler (1827- Flynn (1880-1951), David John Florey (1898-1968), Lord Faulding (1816-1868), Ruth Gibson Gibb (1898-1959), Gladys Edward Gerard Sir Claude (1877-1950), 1881), Alfred (1901-1972), William Anstey Giles (1860-1944), Sa (1851-1929), William Christie Gosse (1842-1881) Margaret Graham (1860-1942), George Hall ( (1836-1919), Alfred Hannaford (1890-1969), Ge Hassell Hartley (1844-1896), George Frederick Sir (1894-1938), Colin Sidney Hayes (1924-1999), Sir Hans Heysen (1877 Helpmann (1909-1986), Watson Hu William Howard (1848-1930), Sir Walter James ( 1981), Jimmy Sir Kavel (1798-1860), Jones (1887-1949), August George Strick Kingston (1850-1908), Sir Kirkpatrick (1848-1928), Mary Eustace Hill Ling (1 Harold Light (1786-1839), Cecil Thomas Madi Mary MacKillop (1842-1909), Frederick May ( Sir Douglas Mawson (1882-1958), Stanl Helen Mary Mayo (1878-1967), Murdoch (1860-1897), Sir John Melrose (1860-1938), Adelai (1890-1984), Dame Roma Mitchell (1913-2000) Ransom Mortlock ( Moriarty (1895-1982), William Muirden (1872-1940), Sir Mellis Napi 1976), William 1931), Peter Nelson (1931-1977), Sir Mark Eldred de Bracton Norman (1914-1971), (1896-1981), James Arthur Prescott (1890-1987),

Royal

10 March Advertiser (1916-17) deliberations and Railway Centres the University and Adelaide h Terrace from and including the technology as far its major activities were ement which could lead to a re-organisation of brary, with an indication of disposition and now part of the University Adelaide) hnology (SAIT) (formerly the School of Commission Reports

rctica. The bust was suggested by Dr Fred at a site in front of the Bonython Building as redevelopment options that sought to increase North Terrace Reserves the Adelaide College of Advanced education the promenade and an enhancement of the Royal Royal Adelaide Hospital to the Library. The 1980). A historic landscape report reviewed (South Australia 1974, p. 1). al Committee, under the chair of DJ Anders, to d on 16 August 1982 by Lord Mayor Dr Watson

ally implemented, but they accorded with ulptor. In 2005 the memorial was shifted Geology and Mineralogy Antarctic Scientist and s along the Promenade (South Australia 1974, pp. from the Mawson valley at Arkaroola and a n Mansions site and the Foys Building. should not be taken to preclude Government on the area of Nort lean (ACC archives File No F.7267; : inter alia ) (1887) (de la Motte, 1980, pp. 2). (1916-17) whom are not referenced in this Committee’s deliberations. The dactylifera

To investigate and report to the Royal Adelaide Hospital, to and including the Li priorities in the area. To consider the future of Ruthve To consider the siting of other buildings amalgamation with the South Australian Institute of concerned. (Such amalgamation College of Advanced Education reaching an arrang teacher education within the University.) a major rationalisation of property along North Terrace implicating the Adelaide College of Advanced Education (ACAE) ( and the South Australian Institute of Tec Mines & Industries and now the City East Campus of the University South Australia) land holdings, stretching to and including the East End Markets, the potential to form a new SAIT/ACAE city campus, Terrace, and, major beautification works for North redevelopment of the Ruthven Mansions site. International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. It consists of a bronze

th ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ ™ North Terrace Reserves and Railway Centres Phoenix 1982; 17 August Cameron 1997, pp. 141-144). westwards to accommodate landscape design changes within the North Terrace Promenade project designed by Taylor Cullity Leth During 1974 the State Cabinet appointed a speci enquire into the area of North Terrace from purpose of this Committee was: bust on a marble stand, inscribed ‘Professor of Explorer’, and flanked by a Pegamite boulder Charnockite boulder from the Mawson Base in Anta Jacka, director of the Mawson Institute for Antarctic Research, in 1981, sponsored by the Corporation, and John Dowie was chosen as sc There are echoes in this terms of reference to the 22-26). In 1980 the South Australian Museum considered the volume and footprint of Museum but also address its landscape setting on North Terrace (de la Motte, 1980; Public Buildings Department the setting of Museum noting the key components as the archway (1851) within Armoury complex, the well (1854) now on University of Adelaide land, and four extant Date Palms ( with the former state Governor Sir Mark Oliphant part of the 4 cultural and educational facilities and structure A memorial to Sir Douglas Mawson was unveile Commission Reports None of these recommendations were substanti previous about North Terrace that sought a renovation of Committee recommended,

to reinterpret this model North Terrace Precincts incipal remnant expression (2000) was prepared estrian promenade and a icular North Terrace and n the river and City. itects, Paul Carter and NORTH TERRACE: 568 fferent precincts and responds to jacent species which exhibit their rt of the Terrace between Morphett St rden thresholds at the east and west ends of green walk along the entire north side of the the 1930’s. It is proposed the 1930’s. It is proposed along the Terrace’s entire length. This approach environment which supports a rich social and l sculptural fencing and an acrylic mural by from West Terrace to Hackney Road, which ce Henry Gardens is the pr and safe links betwee ng greater vitality, identity and accessibility along and of Adelaide and in part with a 25metre north ped & Urban Design Framework boulevards can be achieved.” Taylor Cullity h Terrace Precincts Redevelopment Concept Design he northern ‘wall’ of the City grid.

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES on with Peter Elliott Arch d as it traverses the Terrace’s di the terrace as a whole, and the ad ease in activity the cultural hea (Taylor Cullity Lethlean 2001, p. 3). (2001) (Gaardboe 2005). This report set out proposals for a Terrace Precincts Economic

North Thresholds – the strengthening and enhancement of ga the terrace. Terrace Walk – the creation of an uninterrupted Terrace. reinforcement of t City Edge – the Cultural Heart – an incr and Frome Rd. City-River links – the creation of well used Terrace Vitality – the creation of an urban economic life.

• • • • • • The Concept Design responds to the unique setting enunciates design principles for both own particular character. The design principles identified as critical to generati around North Terrace are: The garden walk or double path still evident in Prin of the grand vision for Terrace last implemented in to contemporary needs and aspirations and extends it creates a constant 23metre wide vehicle boulevard their urban form and activities 6metre south footpath. The new north promenade is transforme report. Taylor Cullity Lethlean, in associati a Skate Park on In 2000 the Corporation commissioned KBR (Kinhill) to prepare designs for North Terrace near to the Morphett Street Bridge. Included in this commission were funds for art components. The components included stee Gerry Weld, Scott Colman and David Ladd of the Jam Factory Metal Studio. the During 2000 resulting in the call for tenders Nort James Hayter & Associates were successful and in January 2001 tabled the James Hayter & Associates were successful and in January 2001 Development: Concept Design Report major renovation of the North Terrace promenade, served as “the foundation for the integrated development of North Terrace, in order that its urban potential as one of the world’s foremost Lethlean stated that, in terms of the Overall Design Concept, that: This landscape design represents only the third co-ordinated renovation proposed and undertaken on the North Terrace Promenade, with preceding being in 1911 and 1929 by Pelzer. , Mary Jane Warnes Barr Smith (1863-1941), in bronze by Victor McDougall Stuart (1815-1866), was positioned in 1995 and means ‘at was positioned in 1995 and means are composed in the ceramic mural tiles d with the ‘Winners of the Victoria Cross and with ‘The Pioneer Vignerons’ Johann Gramp , Peter Waite (1834-1922) riel van der Byl composed the project with athers (1890-1918), Thomas Currie Derrick Stirling (1848-1919), Thomas Quinton Stow Stirling (1848-1919), Thomas 1887), Luther Robert Scammell (1858-1940), John Schulz (1883-1956), Alexandrine Seager mic, brick, clay, bronze, stainless steel, red gum , Sir Edwin Thomas smith (1830-1919), Sir Edwin Thomas smith (1830-1919), Sir , Sir Darryl Pfitzner, Stephen Bowers with Muriel -1960), Phillip Davey (196-1953), Reginald Roy Davey (196-1953), Reginald -1960), Phillip esented to the Corporation by officers and (1896-1977), Julian Edmund Tenison Woods (1824-1915), Tom Elder 909), Alexander Maurice Ramsay (1914-1978), 909), Alexander Maurice Ramsay (1914-1978), homas Hardy (1830-1912), Christopher Rawson Yerrakartarta (1891-1922), John Leak (1892-1972), Arthur Leak (1892-1972), (1891-1922), John 1895), John Reynell (1809-1873), Joseph Ernst Ross Macpherson Smith (1892-1922), Richard Ross Macpherson Smith (1892-1922), Richard Darryl Pfitzner in consultation with Kaurna Darryl , David Shearer (1850-1936), Augustus Short Ngurunderi e Taylor (1901-1968), Norman Barnett Tindale 916), Lawrence Allen Wells (1860-1938), Joachim Allen Wells (1860-1938), Joachim 916), Lawrence ann Traeger (1895-1980), David Unaipon (1872- ann Traeger (1895-1980), David William Henry Kibby (1903-1942), Lionel Colin William Henry Kibby (1903-1942), Lionel Colin and positioned in 1995; a bronze sculpture by Robert Klippel as Strange (1893-1987), John Tjilbruke ree Todd (1826-1910), Alexander Tolmer (1815-1890), Sir Robert ree Todd (1826-1910), Alexander Tolmer (1815-1890), Sir positioned in 1990; and, a marble sculpture by Akio Makigawa positioned ) was planted on 22 December 1986 to commemorate the ship and positioned in 1990. ) and other material installation (Department of Education & Children’s Yerrakarkata negundo

Acer Rhythms of Construction 1 – 3 ‘Construction/Thought/Optimism’ Bronze Sculpture No 714 Elements and Being Eucalyptus camaldulensis Bowyer Smith (1838-1919), Robert Barr Catherine Helen Spence (1825-1910), Sir Edward Iren Captain Charles Sturt (1795-1869), Doris (1870-195), Ronald Max’y Sharpe (1905-1972) Keith Macpherson Smith (1890-1955) and Sir (1801-1862), Padre Arthur Thom Sir Charles Heavit (1900-1993), Grenfell Price (1892-1977), Tom Price (1852-1 Grenfell Price William Richard Randell (1824-1911), Arnold Edwin Victor Richardson (1883-1949), York Richardson (1894-1969), John Ridley (1806- Richard Moritz Schomburgk (1811-1891), Alfred Simpson (1843-1917) Alfred Muller (1802-1883), Richard Torrens (1812-1884), Alfred Herm Samuel Smith (1812-1889), an Seppelt (1813-1868), (1914-1945), George Gosse (1912-1964), Matthews (1912-1944),Peter John Badcoe (1934-1967) and (Healey 2001). A Box Elder ( by van der Byl and Pfitzner orchestrated the cera ( Services 2002, p. 26). 1967), William Charles Douglas Veale (1895-1971) Penfold (1811-1870) and Mary (1816- George Cross’: Arthur Seaforth Blackburn (1892 Inwood (1890-1971), Joergen Christian Jensen Lawrence Carthage We (196-1937), Percy Sullivan servicemen of HMAS Adelaide. The tree was planted, to the immediate west of the War and was pr Memorial, by Lord Mayor Jim Jarvis, meyunna including Kaurna/Ngarrindjeri artist Mu (1877-1959), Sir Samuel James Way (1836-1 (1877-1959), (1832-1889), Edmund William Wright (1824-1888) (1819-1903), Richard Hamilton (1792-1852), T crew of HMAS Adelaide. A commemorative brass plaque, laid in a granite block, was unveiled the Promenade outside the former Institute of Technology in 1989 to record centenary (ACC Archives file G/12/433). As part of the overall ACER development various art commissions were undertaken. These included the random’ in Kaurna. Kookatha artist Milika or Stephen Bowers. The stories of Matthias Wendt (1830-1917), Sir Kenneth Wills Matthias Wendt (1830-1917), Sir Kenneth Meertens completed in 1994 placed outside the Riverside Centre. In the Hyatt Regency forecourt was placed a mixed media sculpture by Van Der Byl entitled entitled entitled

NORTH TERRACE: 569

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES p. Figure an. Source: Taylor Cullity Lethlean 2001, n Lethlean Source: Taylor Cullity an. rrace as proposed by Taylor Cullity Lethle Cullity Taylor rrace as proposed by Landscape design master plan for North Te for North master plan design Landscape

Karrawirra parri Environment or to the House of Assembly ce public debate at a time when s pre-eminent heritage register, NORTH TERRACE: 570 , meaning ‘River red gum , meaning ‘River red ‘red gum forest’ (Starr pers comm. Karrawirraparri . Karra Wirra lian parliament in 1918 but it wasn't until 1959 aces on the List. This is South Australia's first rliament were recognised for their significance to election of Jessie Cooper tivities in Europe and the United States," Mr Hunt inal location of such an appellation is unclear, ty Lethlean. It is a landscape rich in special karra wirra ance of the progressive role their early parliament lzer, with a strong 1930s character due to the the central tract now occupied by a modernism- amalgam of Picturesque and Gardenesque

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS AND SQUARES which the North Terrace Promenade technically block which would otherwise be known as e heritage values of these places under the shed in January 2004, is Australia' nding significance to the nation. men to stand for parliament and influen 2005, p. 64). 2005, p. et al that women entered the state parliament following the and Joyce Steele to the Legislative Council. It was fitting that the South Australian Houses of Pa Australia's democratic foundation on Australia Day. "I invite South Australians to reflect on the import played in securing the rights of wo women were discouraged from participating in these ac said. The National Heritage List, establi recognising places that are of outsta South Australia's Parliament Houses join 23 other pl place to be included in the List. National Heritage listing will protect th Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 Mr Hunt said the first woman stood for South Austra This is only 1of 2 inclusions on this List in South Australia. the toponym p. 270) proposed Amery (1997, p. 4; 2002, number 12 of Lands block forest’, to Park forms the southern edge of this park land Karrawirra/Park 12. Although noting that the orig Amery pointed to the original name for the River Torrens as meaning ‘red gum river’ which flowed through the 2006; Draper Currently the North Terrace Promenade is an planting styles as established by O’Brien and Pe transformations undertaken by Orchard, with strippled landscape design executed by Taylor Culli places, significant trees and cultural meanings for the Adelaide ands South Australian community.

Conservation Act

democracy during the 19th r parliament has been included in t place in the world where women Library entrance by Taylor Cullity Library er for Flinders, stated in the media release: al leader in establishing nt had played a major role in the development of , and one of the first places in world, to grant MP, Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister , Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for s of Parliament were included on the National These works were completed in 2005 resulting These Figure Figure ndscape architecture designs of Taylor Cullity mmissioned to review and prepare designs for Environment Protection and Biodiversity e nationally important as the firs men were given the right to stand fo North Terrace in front of the State Terrace in front of North Cullity Lethlean 2001, np. Cullity Heritage listing for places that built our nation The first place in the world where wo the National Heritage List, Hon Greg Hunt MP Environment and Heritage announced today. Mr Hunt said South Australia's Houses of Parliame democracy in Australia. "South Australia's parliament was a world and nation century and its Parliament Houses ar were given the right to stand for parliament," he said. "South Australia was also the first Australian colony universal suffrage to men, in 1856, and women, 1894." In announcing this registration, Greg Hunt Landscape design vision proposed for vision proposed design Landscape Source: Taylor Lethlean. 1999 for the Environment and Heritage, Federal Memb

In 2001 Hassell and MGT architects were co renovations and extensions to the State Library. in major new entry forecourt, the slight repositioning of Robert Burns statue, and an integration of the forecourt design with la Lethlean for the North Terrace Precinct Development project including hard surface materials and fountains. In January 2006 the Old and current state House Heritage List under the commonwealth’s