DOCSLIB.ORG

Lewis & Clark Legacy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Lewis & Clark Legacy Maka h IR N ation al His Lo toric lo Tra Lewis and Clark Land il National Historic Trail 5 ma rk Interpretive Center Qu inault IR SEAT Colv Exploration TLE W ille IR ASHINGTON Upper Missouri River Breaks Cap Blackfeet IR Discovering the Legacy of Lewis and Clark Fo e D National M rt C isap Spokane IR onum The Corps of Discovery traveled latsop N poin S National Historical ParkSPOKANE 15 ent tme tatio Nez Perce n n L LE R a t C EW WIS up the Missouri River, over the id tion am IS Rocky Bo Fort Belknap Red Lake IR gefie al M p 90 ys IR ld N em IR Rocky Mountains, and down the at orial Turtle Mountain IR Bicentennial Commemoration 2003-2006 io 8 Flathe Fort Peck Co C na 2 ad LEWIS nfluence olum l W IR Indian Reservation of Yellowsto Snake and Columbia Rivers. ild Yak M Mis ne and bia life Ind ama Lew ONTANA souri Rivers R R ian R nake Rive Coeu is and Clark LEWIS M e es S r r d LEWIS iss iver G erv ’A o R Despite great physical challenges, fug ation RICHLAND lene uri e IR e o LEW rg P IS Three Tribes M d e N ORT LEWIS isolation, and near starvation at LA C LEWIS Pass useum ation ND olumbia GREA Fort Berthold Red Lake Bois Forte Passamaquoddy IR al S River T Charles M. Russell Spirit Lake IR IR ge times, the expedition mapped cenic A MISSOULA FALLS IR Fort B IR Grand Porta Lake K National W erthold Reservation IR S Ro R Travelers' Rest up E c Ne A e vast territories of the West. In rea k Uma z Per L Gates of the Mountains r tilla ce WEI C ildlife Refuge io IN Fort IR IR PPE State Park Knife R r A W Tamastslikt iver Fort Mand M 95 November 1805, they reached arm r an and Lewis a Leech Lake Sprin e Indian Villages Inte nd Clark gs Cultural Institute 90 Riv rpretive Cen IR their ultimate destination, the IR Gibbons National Historic Site ter White Earth L’Anse IR BUTTE Pomp BISMARCK IR 84 Pass Na eys Lost T tion Pilla 94 Pacific Ocean. The words of ra T al M r stone CLARK On R T CLARK o -a-S i IR h n R ac N il ree um ow lant Indian v FARGO Fond du L O Fo en ll Village e M P rks t e r i ER a Y v their journals provide exciting s River V s RK BILLINGS e Bad CLA r IR 89 glimpses of their remarkable O Northern NORTH DAKOTA 35 REGO Natio Beaverhead Rock Cheyenne 5 na Le LARK IR mbeau L PORTLAND l His mh C Crow IR Lac du Fla a adventures. toric i Pas Courte Oreilles k N La s Stand Lac IR e ndm Cam 90 ing Rock IR MINNESOTA IR ark p Fortunate Preparation Lake Traverse 87 93 IDAHO Indian R eservation ISCONSIN H W NEW BOISE Cheyenn enominee IR u 81 e River IR M r On January 18, 1803, MINNEAPOLIS Stockbridge- o HAMPSHIRE SOU n TH DAKOTA Munsee IR President Jefferson asked n 39 tario SETTS ON Oneida IR a 75 On HU ST Sn 29 e AC BO Congress for $2,500 for a Yurok IR a 15 g ak USE ASS k i L C e PIERRE 43 SYRA M 91 h small U.S. Army unit to Bad River The Narrow 94 c Isabella ALBANY Hoopa Valley IR s i n n Reservatio 90 R Fort Hall Confluence India RI explore the Missouri and W M IR ind River Crow Creek IR NEW YORK UT Ind Lower Brule 90 BUFFALO 88 ECTIC ian R CONN HARTFORD Columbia Rivers. Jefferson 86 Rese IR 90 augus I Duck V rvation AN Cattar IR alley ICHIG 69 Pine Rid M 95 chose Captain Meriwether ge SIOUX FALLS 94 84 IR 90 gany IR WYO Rosebud IR Calumet MILWAUKEE 96 Alle Lewis to lead this expedition. MIN Yankton e Round Valley IR G IR Bluff M ri To prepare for this monu- i e 84 ss DETROIT E is 43 94 k Spirit Mound s e M i a k NEW mental trek, Lewis studied a issouri National Recreatio p a 79 80 nal River p L L Floyd Monument i 94 ORK Santee Sioux IR PENNSYLVANIA JERSEY EW Y wide range of scientific topics Great 90 80 N National Historic Landmark ND 81 5 P 80 Winnebago IR EVELA 9 in Philadelphia. Lewis also yram Salt CHICAGO CL 78 id Lak Omaha IR 90 e IR A LEDO 80 ty Lake IOW TO l Socie assembled supplies and 25 Louisiana Lewis and Clark 88 99 ica SALT State Park 39 oph LAKE 76 76 ilos armaments from Harpers CITY DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge H n Ph 80 URG rica CHEYENNE DES MOINES PITTSB Ame Fort Atkinson State Historical Park 69 Ferry and recruited 75 83 PHILADELPHIA Walker River Goshute OMAHA 71 80 Uintah and Ouray R 55 boatmen from SAC NEBRASKA 74 65 RAM IR Western Historic Trails River ND ENT IR 77 YLA ORE O P 70 AR TIM 76 la Center OHIO 79 M BAL Pittsburgh. Indian t 80 M K NEVADA te INDIANA DERIC 70 i FRE LINCOLN s 68 SA River s BUS DEL N F o OLUM erry DC Indian Country RAN Reservation u ILLINOIS C rs F CISC r 29 rpe i NAPOLIS 70 Ha ark O n 35 INDIA al P UTAH e o toric 66 e 57 i is N r h al H U.S. CapitolTO R n ING G DENVER O Natio WASH The Corps of Discovery 72 70 Fort Osage 74 ATI encountered the diversity and CALIFORNIA Historic CINCINN WEST ATCHISON National Historic Landmark St. Charles generosity of many Indian 70 Fort Leavenworth 81 R Potawatomi VIRGINIASTON Nations as they traveled across 15 Katy Trail p River DuBois er HARLE COLORADO IR Wood River/Cam iv C KANSAS R 64 onticello 70 State Park 71 T M VILLE 4 the land and waters. The expe- Pur TOPEKA CITY R NKFOR OTTES 6 iv FRA RL chase er CHA MOND dition survived and succeeded 25 Falls of the Ohio RICH Recruitment 5 ST 64 ILLE LOUIS LOUISV Tule River IR ional INIA FOLK because of the shelter, supplies, Paiute IR KANSAS Jefferson Nat IRG NOR hio 65 V Mo A pansion Memorial O 75 good will, and cooperation of apa Ri Kaib rka as Ex 95 Journeying down the Ohio IR ver ab IR ns 85 Native American people they Ute Ri ver KY River, Lewis, and co-commander 55 NTUC Mountain So MISSOURI KE met. Now, as then, the people, LAS IR uthern Ute IR WICHITA Captain William Clark, rado Navajo VEGAS olo Indian Re cultures, and land have much C H servation Jicarilla recruited civilians and military avasupa Apache ark IR i assac State P to share. IR 44 Fort M personnel of "hardy stock" from H 77 A ualapai 81 OLIN IR Hopi Taos IR 24 CAR along the Ohio and Mississippi 35 ORTH IR Navajo IR Osage IR 40 N Rivers. The members of the 40 Fort Mojave IR NASHVILLE L expedition were as diverse in OS A iver CHARLOTTE NGE R LES Chemehuevi IR E 40 backgrounds as the lands they s NESSE kee IR d 40 TEN stern Chero 85 5 an 24 Ea Zuni IR L OKLAHOMA were to explore. Each member lo Ramah N eb CITY th and ARIZONA avajo IR Pu Lewis Dea provided critical skills and 15 AL 40 rial Site Colo BUQUERQ 40 Bu rado Riv UE MEMPHIS R 20 expertise for the success of the er IR Alamo N 10 avajo IR 25 LITTLE BIA OKLAHOMA nn COLUM mission. 17 ROCK Te esse Fo e 75 A rt McDo Fort Apa OLIN SA well IR che IR NEW MEXICO AR N DIE 27 TH C GO Fo 44 SOU rt Yuma PHOEN Salt River IR 26 8 IR IX ATLANTA San Carlos IR 59 S Gila R ARKANSAS 20 a iver IR va WICH n ITA FALLS na 30 MINGHAM h i BIR 5 TON LUBBOCK p 9 RLES p 5 R HA i 5 C s s i M s To escaler s hono o Apache i O'Odham IR IR M 10 ALABAMA 16 MISSISSIPPI 85 San X avier IR P IA e FORT WORTH RG 19 co GEO s DALLAS B 20 r R a R z e 20 C d ON EL PASO o JACKS o s Homecoming lo 65 ra 59 do 75 TEX a With the Missouri River's AS LOUISIANA m a b R a current, the Corps of Discovery l R i R v 45 A ive e 10 NVILLE covered up to 70 miles a day r r JACKSO and returned to St. Louis on 55 10 49 C September 23, 1806. The I 12 T N expedition had traveled nearly N 10 A Rive A Preparation L r E 8,000 miles of territory in T io NEW A C R over 2 years. Their detailed O ORLEANS FLORIDA FORT CLATSOP NDO journals contributed impor- MONTICELLO Recruitment SAN ANTONIO HOUSTON ORLA tant information about the ST LOUIS SCALE 1:6,336,000 land, its geographic features, 4 Exploration and 0 100 200 300 400 miles AMPA its natural resources, and its 37 T Homecoming 35 95 native peoples.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Boone's Lick Heritage, Vol. 11, No. 2
    BOONE’S LICK HERITAGE The Missouri River from the bluffs above historic Rocheport Two Historic Views of the Missouri River 19th-century Voyage Up the River and 20th-century Memoir of a One-time Riverman VOL. 11 NO. 2 — SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 2012 BOONSLICK HISTORICAL SOCIETY PERIODICAL EDITOR’S PAGE A River Runs Through It . Our theme in this issue of Boone’s Lick Heritage is As a youngster growing up in the St. Louis area during water, specifically streams and rivers. Waterways have the 1940s, I was part of a family that often vacationed in played a major role in the exploration and settlement of this the southeastern Missouri Ozarks, a region defined by its country by Europeans, many of whom were finding and fol- many springs and spring-fed streams. The Current River, lowing the earlier pathways and villages of Native Ameri- for example, was born of and is sustained by spring waters, cans. Starting with the 1804-06 Corps of Discovery journey the largest of which is Big Spring near Van Buren. Big by Lewis and Clark up the Missouri, “our river” played the Spring and the Current are Ozark waters that tug at my starring role in the exploration and western movement of soul, especially when I’m absent from their rugged wa- our young nation. And the Missouri’s northern tributary, the tershed. The region’s many springs and the waters of the Mississippi (as many of us like to think), drew Gen. Lewis Current, along with those of its southern artery, called the Cass and Henry Rowe Jacks Fork, and the nearby Schoolcraft north in 1821 Eleven Point, course and Schoolcraft again in through my veins and bind 1832, seeking its head- me to place as strongly as waters and source (Lake blood to family.
    [Show full text]
  • Oregon Historic Trails Report Book (1998)
    i ,' o () (\ ô OnBcox HrsroRrc Tnans Rpponr ô o o o. o o o o (--) -,J arJ-- ö o {" , ã. |¡ t I o t o I I r- L L L L L (- Presented by the Oregon Trails Coordinating Council L , May,I998 U (- Compiled by Karen Bassett, Jim Renner, and Joyce White. Copyright @ 1998 Oregon Trails Coordinating Council Salem, Oregon All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Oregon Historic Trails Report Table of Contents Executive summary 1 Project history 3 Introduction to Oregon's Historic Trails 7 Oregon's National Historic Trails 11 Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail I3 Oregon National Historic Trail. 27 Applegate National Historic Trail .41 Nez Perce National Historic Trail .63 Oregon's Historic Trails 75 Klamath Trail, 19th Century 17 Jedediah Smith Route, 1828 81 Nathaniel Wyeth Route, t83211834 99 Benjamin Bonneville Route, 1 833/1 834 .. 115 Ewing Young Route, 1834/1837 .. t29 V/hitman Mission Route, 184l-1847 . .. t4t Upper Columbia River Route, 1841-1851 .. 167 John Fremont Route, 1843 .. 183 Meek Cutoff, 1845 .. 199 Cutoff to the Barlow Road, 1848-1884 217 Free Emigrant Road, 1853 225 Santiam Wagon Road, 1865-1939 233 General recommendations . 241 Product development guidelines 243 Acknowledgements 241 Lewis & Clark OREGON National Historic Trail, 1804-1806 I I t . .....¡.. ,r la RivaÌ ï L (t ¡ ...--."f Pðiräldton r,i " 'f Route description I (_-- tt |".
    [Show full text]
  • Characterizing Tribal Cultural Landscapes, Volume II: Tribal Case
    OCS Study BOEM 2017-001 Characterizing Tribal Cultural Landscapes Volume II: Tribal Case Studies US Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Pacific OCS Region This page intentionally left blank. OCS Study BOEM 2017-001 Characterizing Tribal Cultural Landscapes Volume II: Tribal Case Studies David Ball Rosie Clayburn Roberta Cordero Briece Edwards Valerie Grussing Janine Ledford Robert McConnell Rebekah Monette Robert Steelquist Eirik Thorsgard Jon Townsend Prepared under BOEM-NOAA Interagency Agreement M12PG00035 by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of National Marine Sanctuaries 1305 East-West Highway, SSMC4 Silver Spring, MD 20910 Makah Tribe Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Community of Oregon Yurok Tribe National Marine Sanctuary Foundation US Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of National Marine Sanctuaries US Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Pacific OCS Region December 31, 2017 This page intentionally left blank. DISCLAIMER This study was funded, in part, by the US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), Pacific Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) Region, Camarillo, CA, through Interagency Agreement Number M12PG00035 with the US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). This report has been technically reviewed by BOEM and it has been approved for publication. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the US Government, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. REPORT AVAILABILITY This report can be downloaded from the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management’s Recently Completed Environmental Studies – Pacific webpage at https://www.boem.gov/Pacific-Completed-Studies/.
    [Show full text]
  • Fort Clatsop by Unknown This Photo Shows a Replica of Fort Clatsop, the Modest Structure in Which the Corps of Discovery Spent the Winter of 1805-1806
    Fort Clatsop By Unknown This photo shows a replica of Fort Clatsop, the modest structure in which the Corps of Discovery spent the winter of 1805-1806. Probably built of fir and spruce logs, the fort measured only fifty feet by fifty feet, not a lot of space for more than thirty people. Nevertheless, it served its purpose well, offering Expedition members shelter from the incessant rains of the coast and giving them security against the Native peoples in the area. Although the Corps named the fort after the local Indians, they did not fully trust either the Clatsop or the related Chinook people, and kept both at arms length throughout their stay on the coast. The time at Fort Clatsop was well spent by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. The captains caught up on their journal entries and worked on maps of the territory they had traversed since leaving St. Louis in May 1804. Many of the captains’ most important observations about the natural history and Native cultures of the Columbia River region date from this period. Other Expedition members hunted the abundant elk in the area, stood guard over the fort, prepared animal hides, or boiled seawater to make salt, but mostly they bided their time, eagerly anticipating returning east at the first sign of spring. The Corps set off in late March 1806, leaving the fort to Coboway, headman of the Clatsop. In a 1901 letter to writer Eva Emery Dye, a pioneer by the name of Joe Dobbins noted that the remains of Fort Clatsop were still evident in the 1850s, but “not a vestige of the fort was to be seen” when he visited Clatsop Plains in the summer of 1886.
    [Show full text]
  • Teacher's Guide to Missouri Town 1855 and Fort Osage(PDF, 1MB)
    Historic Sites Teacher’s Guide Missouri Town 1855 ForT osaGe naTional hisToric landMark Jackson County Parks + Rec REVISED MARCH 2018 CONTENTS Planning Your Visit .................................................................................................................. 1 Historic Cemetery Courtesy ..................................................................................................... 2 Historic Site Courtesy ............................................................................................................... 3 Guidelines for Teachers and Chaperones ................................................................................ 4 Fort Osage Fact Sheet ........................................................................................................... 8-9 Fort Osage History ............................................................................................................. 10-11 Lewis & Clark in the Greater Kansas City Area .................................................................. 12 Fort Osage School Tour Teacher Materials ...................................................................... 14-15 Map to Fort Osage .................................................................................................................. 16 Missouri Town 1855 Fact Sheet ........................................................................................ 20-21 Synopsis of Missouri Town 1855 ....................................................................................... 22-24 Missouri
    [Show full text]
  • NPS Form 10 900-B
    NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Resources of the Santa Fe Trail (Revised) Section number Appendices Page 159 ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION Figure 1. William Buckles, “Map showing official SFT Routes…,” Journal of the West (April 1989): 80. Note: The locations of Bent’s Old Fort and New Fort Lyon are reversed; New Fort Lyon was west of Bent’s Old Fort. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Resources of the Santa Fe Trail (Revised) Section number Appendices Page 160 Figure 2. Susan Calafate Boyle, “Comerciantes, Arrieros, Y Peones: The Hispanos and the Santa Fe Trade,” Southwest Cultural Resources Center: Professional Papers No. 54: Division of History Southwest Region, National Park Service, 1994 [electronic copy on-line]; available from National Park Service, <http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/safe/shs3.htm> (accessed 11 August 2011). NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Resources of the Santa Fe Trail (Revised) Section number Appendices Page 161 Figure 3. “The Southwest 1820-1835,” National Geographic Magazine, Supplement of the National Geographic November 1982, 630A. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No.
    [Show full text]
  • Historic Resources of the Santa Fe Trail (Revised)
    NPS Form 10-900-b (Rev. 01/2009) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NPS Approved – April 3, 2013 National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form This form is used for documenting property groups relating to one or several historic contexts. See instructions in National Register Bulletin How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (formerly 16B). Complete each item by entering the requested information. For additional space, use continuation sheets (Form 10-900-a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer to complete all items New Submission X Amended Submission A. Name of Multiple Property Listing Historic Resources of the Santa Fe Trail (Revised) B. Associated Historic Contexts (Name each associated historic context, identifying theme, geographical area, and chronological period for each.) I. The Santa Fe Trail II. Individual States and the Santa Fe Trail A. International Trade on the Mexican Road, 1821-1846 A. The Santa Fe Trail in Missouri B. The Mexican-American War and the Santa Fe Trail, 1846-1848 B. The Santa Fe Trail in Kansas C. Expanding National Trade on the Santa Fe Trail, 1848-1861 C. The Santa Fe Trail in Oklahoma D. The Effects of the Civil War on the Santa Fe Trail, 1861-1865 D. The Santa Fe Trail in Colorado E. The Santa Fe Trail and the Railroad, 1865-1880 E. The Santa Fe Trail in New Mexico F. Commemoration and Reuse of the Santa Fe Trail, 1880-1987 C. Form Prepared by name/title KSHS Staff, amended submission; URBANA Group, original submission organization Kansas State Historical Society date Spring 2012 street & number 6425 SW 6th Ave.
    [Show full text]
  • Fort Clatsop, Lewis and Clark's 1805-1806 Winter Establishment "Living History" Demonstrations Feature for Visitors to National Park Facility
    T HE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE LEWIS & CLARK T RAIL H ERITAGE FOUNDATION, INC. VOL. 12, NO. 3 AUGUST 1986 Fort Clatsop, Lewis and Clark's 1805-1806 Winter Establishment "Living History" Demonstrations Feature for Visitors to National Park Facility Photograph by Andrew E. Cier, Astoria, Oregon Replica of Fort Clatsop, Near Astoria, Oregon - See Story on Page 3 - President Wang's THE LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL Message HERITAGE FOUNDATION, INC. Thank you's are due at least four Incorporated 1969 under Missouri General Not-For-Profit Corporation Act IRS Exemption different groups of Foundation Certificate No. 501(C)(3) - I dentification No. 51-0187715 members for the efforts put forth by them these past twelve months. OFFICERS - EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE First, I am most thankful for the President 1st Vice President 2nd Vice President excellent support that has been L. Edw in Wang John E. Foote H. John Montague provided by Foundation officers, 6013 St . Johns Ave. 1205 Rimhaven Way 2864 Sudbury Ct. directors, past presidents, and all M inneapolis. MN 55424 Billings. MT 591 02 Marietta. GA'30062 other committee members. Second, I am much indebted to the 1986 Edrie Lee Vinson. Secretary John E. Walker. Treasurer P.O. Box 1651 200 Market St .. Suite 1177 Program Committee, headed by Red Lodge. MT 59068 Portland. OR 97201 Malcolm Buffum, for the tre­ mendous effort they have put forth Ruth E. Lange, Membership Secretary. 5054 S.W. 26th Place. Port land. OR 97201 to arrange one of the finest-ever annual meeting programs. Third, I DIRECTORS am so grateful for all that is ac­ Harold Billian Winifred C.
    [Show full text]
  • George Ehrlich Papers, (K0067
    THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI RESEARCH CENTER-KANSAS CITY K0067 George Ehrlich Papers 1946-2002 65 cubic feet, oversize Research and personal papers of Dr. George Ehrlich, professor of Art and Art History at the University of Missouri-Kansas City and authority on Kansas City regional architecture. DONOR INFORMATION The papers were donated by Dr. George Ehrlich on August 19, 1981 (Accession No. KA0105). Additions were made on July 23, 1982 (Accession No. KA0158); April 7, 1983 (Accession No. KA0210); October 15, 1987 (Accession No. KA0440); July 29, 1988 (Accession No. KA0481); July 26, 1991 (Accession No. KA0640). An addition was made on March 18, 2010 by Mila Jean Ehrlich (Accession No. KA1779). COPYRIGHT AND RESTRICTIONS The Donor has given and assigned to the University all rights of copyright, which the Donor has in the Materials and in such of the Donor’s works as may be found among any collections of Materials received by the University from others. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Dr. George Ehrlich, emeritus professor of Art History at the University of Missouri-Kansas City, was born in Chicago, Illinois, on January 28, 1925. His education was primarily taken at the University of Illinois, from which he received B.S. (Honors), 1949, M.F.A., 1951, and Ph.D., 1960. His studies there included art history, sculpture, architecture, history, and English literature. Dr. Ehrlich served as a member of the United States Army Air Force, 1943- 1946. He was recalled to active duty, 1951-1953 as a First Lieutenant. Dr. Ehrlich joined the faculty at the University of Missouri-Kansas City in 1954.
    [Show full text]
  • Lewis and Clark at Fort Clatsop: a Winter of Environmental Discomfort and Cultural Misunderstandings
    Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 7-9-1997 Lewis and Clark at Fort Clatsop: A winter of Environmental Discomfort and Cultural Misunderstandings Kirk Alan Garrison Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Diplomatic History Commons, and the United States History Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Garrison, Kirk Alan, "Lewis and Clark at Fort Clatsop: A winter of Environmental Discomfort and Cultural Misunderstandings" (1997). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 5394. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.7267 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. THESIS APPROVAL The abstract and thesis of Kirk Alan Garrison for the Master of Arts in History were presented July 9, 1997, and accepted by the thesis committee and the department. COMMITTEE APPROVALS: r DEPARTMENT APPROVAL: Go~do~ B. Dodds, Chair Department of History ********************************************************************* ACCEPTED FOR PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY BY THE LIBRARY on L?/M;< ABSTRACT An abstract of the thesis of Kirk Alan Garrison for the Master of Arts in History, presented 9 July 1997. Title: Lewis and Clark at Fort Clatsop: A Winter of Environmental Discomfort and Cultural Misunderstandings. I\1embers of the Lewis and Clark expedition did not like the 1805-1806 winter they spent at Fort Clatsop near the mouth of the Columbia River among the Lower Chinookan Indians, for two reasons.
    [Show full text]
  • The Lewis and Clark Trail
    THE LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL FINAL REPORT of the Lewis and Clark Trail COIIlInission October 1969 THE EMBLEM The emblem on the cover was the Lewis and Clark Trail Commission's official symbol and became the property of the Department of the Interior after the Commission terminated on October 6, 1969. A modification of this mark has been used to identify highways that have been designated by the States as the Lewis and Clark Trail Highway, and on signs that interpret the Trail. Information regarding use of the symbol, u.S. Patent Office Registration Number 877917, may be obtained from the Secretary, Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240. THE LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL FINAL REPORT TO THE PRESIDENT AND TO THE CONGRESS The Lewis and Clark Trail Commission October 1969 Dear Mr. President and Members of the Congress: It is with great pleasure that the Lewis and Clark Trail Commission submits its third and final report on the accomplishments made in response to the objectives of Public Law 88-630. Interim reports were submitted October 1966 and June 1968. Congress' mandate to the Commission was to stimulate a creative and viable atmosphere for all agencies and individuals to identify, mark, and preserve for public use and enjoyment the routes traveled by Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. An assignment of this nature is never completed. Yet, by encouraging dialogue and by promoting cooperation and long-range planning, the Commission achieved a new sense of purpose and unity among the States traversed by the two explorers and their men.
    [Show full text]
  • Oregon's History
    Oregon’s History: People of the Northwest in the Land of Eden Oregon’s History: People of the Northwest in the Land of Eden ATHANASIOS MICHAELS Oregon’s History: People of the Northwest in the Land of Eden by Athanasios Michaels is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Contents Introduction 1 1. Origins: Indigenous Inhabitants and Landscapes 3 2. Curiosity, Commerce, Conquest, and Competition: 12 Fur Trade Empires and Discovery 3. Oregon Fever and Western Expansion: Manifest 36 Destiny in the Garden of Eden 4. Native Americans in the Land of Eden: An Elegy of 63 Early Statehood 5. Statehood: Constitutional Exclusions and the Civil 101 War 6. Oregon at the Turn of the Twentieth Century 137 7. The Dawn of the Civil Rights Movement and the 179 World Wars in Oregon 8. Cold War and Counterculture 231 9. End of the Twentieth Century and Beyond 265 Appendix 279 Preface Oregon’s History: People of the Northwest in the Land of Eden presents the people, places, and events of the state of Oregon from a humanist-driven perspective and recounts the struggles various peoples endured to achieve inclusion in the community. Its inspiration came from Carlos Schwantes historical survey, The Pacific Northwest: An Interpretive History which provides a glimpse of national events in American history through a regional approach. David Peterson Del Mar’s Oregon Promise: An Interpretive History has a similar approach as Schwantes, it is a reflective social and cultural history of the state’s diversity. The text offers a broad perspective of various ethnicities, political figures, and marginalized identities.
    [Show full text]