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An Apparatus for Percussive Harmonic Musical Synthesis

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An Apparatus for Percussive Harmonic Musical Synthesis (19) & (11) EP 2 092 512 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.: of the grant of the patent: G10H 1/32 (2006.01) G10H 7/00 (2006.01) 01.06.2011 Bulletin 2011/22 G10D 13/02 (2006.01) (21) Application number: 07872505.8 (86) International application number: PCT/TT2007/000002 (22) Date of filing: 26.10.2007 (87) International publication number: WO 2009/054821 (30.04.2009 Gazette 2009/18) (54) AN APPARATUS FOR PERCUSSIVE HARMONIC MUSICAL SYNTHESIS UTILIZING MIDI TECHNOLOGY (APHAMS) VORRICHTUNG FÜR PERKUSSIVE MUSIKALISCHE HARMONISCHE SYNTHESE MITTELS MIDI- TECHNOLOGIE (APHAMS) APPAREIL POUR SYNTHÈSE MUSICALE HARMONIQUE A PERCUSSION FAIT INTERVENIR UNE TECHNOLOGIE MIDI APHAMS) (84) Designated Contracting States: • Philip, Earle AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR Tunapuna, West Indies (TT) HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO SE • Maynard, Keith SI SK TR Port of Spain, West Indies (TT) (43) Date of publication of application: (74) Representative: Gulde Hengelhaupt Ziebig & 26.08.2009 Bulletin 2009/35 Schneider Patentanwälte - Rechtsanwälte (73) Proprietors: Wallstrasse 58/59 • Copeland, Brian R. 10179 Berlin (DE) San Fernando, West Indies (TT) • Byron, Marcel (56) References cited: Tunapuna, West Indies (TT) WO-A1-90/09650 JP-A- 10 020 854 • Philip, Earle US-A- 5 115 706 US-A- 5 434 350 Tunapuna, West Indies (TT) US-A1- 2002 062 726 US-A1- 2002 062 729 • Maynard, Keith US-A1- 2002 134 223 US-A1- 2003 209 130 Port of Spain, West Indies (TT) US-B1- 7 030 305 US-B1- 7 030 305 (72) Inventors: • ANONYMOUS: "MIDI Controller Footpedal" 18 • Copeland, Brian R. October 2006 (2006-10-18), XP002560091 San Fernando, West Indies (TT) Retrieved from the Internet: URL:http: • Byron, Marcel //web.archive.org/web/20061018191 146/http: Tunapuna, West Indies (TT) //www.maxmidi.com/diy/foot/index. html> [retrieved on 2009-12-11] Note: Within nine months of the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent in the European Patent Bulletin, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to that patent, in accordance with the Implementing Regulations. Notice of opposition shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). EP 2 092 512 B1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) EP 2 092 512 B1 Description BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 5 1 Technical Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to the field of electronic musical instruments being an Apparatus for Percussive Harmonic Musical Synthesis (APHAMS) which targets the percussive melodic mode of performance, through emulation of the physical layout and feel of tenor steelpan musical instruments and which utilizes MIDI technology for the synthesis 10 of a range of musical sound generation. 2 Description of the Prior Art [0002] In terms of their bearing and influence on the development of the apparatus of the present invention, drums, 15 steelpans and general percussive devices, which provide for internal synthesis using internal electronics and/or external synthesis using the MIDI protocol, are known in the prior art. [0003] In relation to the apparatus of the present invention, despite its novelty and appeal, the traditional acoustic steelpan instrument suffers from several disadvantages and apparent drawbacks. [0004] First, as evidenced by the need to implement many ranges on multiple drums, it is virtually impossible presently, 20 to manufacture a steelpan that is able to cover the widest possible musical range, from bass to soprano range, on a single drum. This limitation is imposed by the physical size of the notes and the size of drums in use. In particular, due to the fact that note sizes increase dramatically for notes lower down on the musical scale, the arrangement of notes that follows the musical cycle of 4ths and 5ths is only possible on the tenor steelpan which uses a single drum to realize the highest musical range. 25 [0005] A direct consequence of this limitation is the fact that, except for the higher ranges that utilize up to two or three drums, the instrument is not easily portable. [0006] Another significant disadvantage stems from the difficulty in retuning the instrument as tuning is generally done by an expert. Tuning may be necessary after extensive use, use of excessive force in playing the instrument, or a change in temperature. The production of steelpans that can deliver true and natural sound, over a wide musical range and that 30 do not require the need for a tuning expert, to continuously keep the instrument tuned for optimized sound is very desirable. [0007] Finally, although the instrument has introduced a new modality of performance whereby players can produce melodic sounds by striking notes on a single metallic surface, quite apart from the subtle changes in timbre that occur by variation in the manner in which notes are struck and where they are struck, the traditional instrument does not have the flexibility which would allow for rapid changes in timbre or voice. 35 [0008] As they have had bearing or influence upon the proactive evolution of the apparatus of the present invention, there are a variety of instruments, including electronic drums which utilize the universal MIDI standard. The electronic keyboard percussion instrument of US Patent No. 4892023 to Takeuchi et al, uses an arrangement of plates arranged in similar fashion to a standard keyboard. The said instrument is played like a xylophone. The output of sensors attached to the plates is used to trigger the generation of synthesized tones corresponding to the designated notes. The said 40 design also facilitates wired connection to a MIDI network, so as to extend the range of voices which can be accessed. [0009] However, the aforementioned electronic keyboard percussion instrument does not support the 4ths and 5ths note arrangement, nor does it allow for other variations in the note arrangement, apart from transposition. In addition it does not support ten (10)-note polyphony, nor does the physical arrangement of plates facilitate finger play. Finally, the said instrument does not facilitate wireless capability without external devices. 45 [0010] Electronic drum instruments, such as those described in US Patents nos: 3956959 to Ebihara et al, 4781097 to Uchiyama et al , 4479412 to Klynas, 5434350 to Haney and 5076131 to Patterson, utilize pressure sensitive pad arrays and electronics to generate MIDI output, for tone generation, or for direct internal sound synthesis. [0011] These heretofore mentioned electronic drum instruments have been designed for the primary purpose of syn- thesizing acoustic drums. As such, the number of pads available is limited, usually to no more than twelve (12), i.e. a 50 single octave. Moreover, as a further consequence of the original design intent for drum synthesis, the size, arrangement and other physical attributes of the pads do not facilitate an ergonomic, musically intuitive note arrangement for the performance of melodic music. [0012] As they relate to the apparatus of the present invention, the use of electronic drums is well known in the prior art. For example, U.S. Patent. No. 4,700,602 to Bozzio, discloses an electronic drum having multiple sound sources 55 with rapidly detachable striking elements and piezoelectric transducers. However, the said invention of the aforemen- tioned patent does not utilise electronic synthesizers to deliver the natural sound of a steelpan. Furthermore, said patent does not disclose the mixing of other musical instruments with the sound of the steelpan. [0013] U.S. Patent No. 4,679,479 to Koyamato discloses an electronic drum, which uses a single detection element 2 EP 2 092 512 B1 mounted on the base layer of the drum to detect the striking of the drum surface. However, the invention of this said patent does not use electronic synthesizers to deliver the natural sound of a steelpan. Furthermore, this patent does not disclose the mixing of other musical instruments with the sound of the steelpan. [0014] Also, U.S. Patent Design No. D319,650 to Hart discloses the design of an electronic drum. However, the 5 invention disclosed in this said patent has a single striking surface and does not use electronic synthesizers to deliver the natural sound of a steelpan. Furthermore, this patent does not disclose the mixing of other musical instruments with the sound of the steelpan. [0015] Finally, U.S. Patent Design No. 5,502,274 to Ilotz, U.S. Patent No. 6,212,772 to Whitmyre et al., and U.S. Patent No. 5,973,247 to Matthews all disclose instruments which may be of general interest and pertinent to the con- 10 struction and design of the apparatus of the present invention. [0016] US Patent No. 5,502,274 to Ilotz discloses an electronic musical instrument for playing along with pre- recorded music. However, this instrument does not concentrate on generating the true and natural sound of the steelpan. [0017] US Patent No.6,212,772 to Whitmyre, discloses a Caribbean steelpan. However, this said instrument does not disclose a device which uses electronics to emulate the traditional steelpan. 15 [0018] US Patent No. 5,973,247 to Matthews, discloses a portable steel drum and carrier. Here again, this instrument does not disclose a device that uses electronics to emulate the traditional acoustic steelpan. [0019] US Patent No. 7030305 B1 to Cupid, employs a pressure-sensitive pad matrix in an ergonomic framework modeled along the lines of the now generic conventional acoustic steelpan. However, while said aforementioned invention caters for the electronic simulation of all existing acoustic steelpan ranges from bass to high tenor, said aforementioned 20 invention does not allow for the pressure-sensitive pad matrix to be arbitrarily configured.
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