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Ocean Development Room

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Ocean Development Room Ocean Development Room Marine Observation An investigation must be implemented to understand the characteristics of the sea in order to execute a development of submarine oil, ocean energy·resources development, the use of ocean space, coast, harbors, harbors development. However, there are an ocean floor and the mysteries unproven so far under the water. Ocean investigation has many barriers including a difficulty of exploration and communication by a seawater(unique medium), incredible water-pressure (increase of 1 barometric per 10m). These barriers stop the investigation. However, man has extended the sea through developing the observation technology and researches in order to cope with this barriers. The ocean investigation is implemented to obtain various information for a prevention of ocean pollution and ocean development(weather, wave, current, depth of water, temperature of water, salinity, submarine topography, & geology, underwater sound, pollution level) by buoy, investigation submarine, marine investigation ship, and man applies this information. Man can collect the ocean information fast and quickly by a satellite, and use the latest exploration technology in ocean investigation. Offshore Oil & Gas Development According to exhaustion of energy resources in the earth, a development of energy resources in the sea is an essential assignment. Especially the development of submarine oil has started for about fifty years, and it plays an important role as a supply and demand resources with high technology. A developing technology in the developing industry of submarine oil, regards as an oiler drilling which searches for oil and gases, production technology which produces the oiler for a long term, and offshore technology which develops the oil and gases. Here is the all knowledge relating to submarine oil exploration. Ocean Energy and Mineral Resources Ocean energy use system refers to the conversion of infinite ocean energy into human-usable energy like electricity. Ocean energy exists in diverse forms such as wave force, tidal power, ocean currents, thermal difference, salinity difference and wind power. Systems to use ocean energy in the generation of electricity are being developed. Strong points and weak points of ocean energy are as follows: - Strong points of ocean energy - Ocean energy is infinite, inexhaustible and recyclable. - Energy can be distributed. (Let me check the Korean here again). - It is clean energy free from pollution. - The generation of electricity from the ocean does not need special material because the energy retains a stable temperature and does not become high- pressure. - The cost of ocean energy is stable. - Weak points of ocean energy - The density of input energy is low. - The range of input energy is too large to control the input. - The condition to obtain the energy is hostile. - It entails the problem of power transmission Therefore, in order to commercialize ocean energy, it is necessary to raise the rate of operation and efficiency and to stabilize the output. Currently, only a few systems to convert ocean energy in the generation of electricity are commercialized. The Types of Ocean Energy and the Amount of Recyclable Resources Amount of recyclable Types of ocean energy resources Ocean currents 0.05??109 km Tidal range 0.03??109 km Mechanical energy Wave force 2.70??109 km Wind power - Thermal energy Solar (solar pond) 2.0??109 km pond Physio-chemical energy Salinity difference Ocean Space Utilization Ocean space played the important role as a ground of sea transport, harbors, and fishery. In the recent years the use of ocean space is expanded to the various fields due to the development of new city with modern functions through a water front around city, and an increasing demand of sea recreation. In a broad ocean space, the new city, transportation facilities, base of physical distribution and leisure facilities were built and developed. The various factory facilities are loaded in barge and now ocean plants barge are built and exported in a developing country. Transportation, physical distribution, leisure facilities and residence zone were built on artificial island made with landfill of near-shore zone. The present ocean space is used as living area, industry area, transport area, leisure, storage area and raising area, and a future space will be expanded with the function. Japan established a 'technology and research association' composed of 17 shipbuilding and steel companies under a support of the ministry of transportation. Also Japan performs a positive research for ocean airport and ocean complex city, with the use of the extra-large floating type structure. America also has driven forward a marine-topia of the 21st century in 1990's, and in the recent years, has developed the technology for ocean movable base of military object through extra-large floating structure. However, Korea didn't developed the sea actively up to now. Korea has gone ahead with the project of 'development of extra-large complex plants using the ocean space' under the support of the ministry of science and technology since December, 1995. Coastal zone & Port Development A harbor is the site where conveys the cargos from the sea(land) to land(sea) as a transit point. tranquil water-surface, alongside pier facilities and cargo handling facilities are needed for cargo and alongside pier of the ships. Also facilities of tariff and inspection are need for clearance formalities and the clearance inwards of foreign ships. In general harbors include a seaport, river port and estuary harbor. Comparing with other countries, continental countries have more river harbors and estuary harbors than seaports, but on the other hand oceanic countries like Japan and Korea, have more seaports. As mentioned above, parts are used together with harbors, but the harbor means the broad harbor zone and the port means the narrow harbor zone with alongside pier. The properties of the harbor are classified into industrial port, fishing port, military port, entertaining port, refuge harbor and mixed harbor, etc.. according to a function of harbor and using object. Representative examples are Busan Harbor and Incheon Harbor which perform the function of international trade harbor, Examples of industrial harbor are Sin Port in Pohang and Ulsan Harbor, and fishing harbor is Nam Port of Busan. Korean harbor facilities are similar with harbor structure and shore, and the facilities are divided into as follows according to the law of harbors. 1. Waters facilities: the route, basin, comber yard 2. Outer facilities: breakwater, groin, dike, measured service, regulating gate, flood gate, dock gate, revetment, bank, groyne, parapet wall 3. Mooring facilities: wharf, mooring buoy, pier, floating pier, lighter's wharf, spur dike 4. Transport facilities for sailing in: road, bridge, railway, orbit, canal, light facility 5. Auxiliary facilities of navigation: indicator of sea route, signal facility for sailing off and in, light facility, harbor service/ communication facility 6. Cargo facilities: fixed cargo machine, cargo machine of orbital move, disposal yard of cargo, and barn 7. Passenger facilities: elevating facilities for passengers, parcel office, waiting room 8. Storage facilities: storehouse, open-air yard, timber yard, coal yard, storage yard of hazardous material oil storage facilities. 9. Supply facilities of ships: facilities of coal-supply, oil-supply and water-supply 10. Welfare facilities: resting place, lodging and medical office for a crew and wharf man 11. Site of harbors facilities 12. Movable facilities: movable cargo machine, movable passenger facilities 13. Vessel used in the water-supply or oil-supply of ships for harbor trade, and flotation ships for cargo-work Marine Construction Works Ocean work is works which is performed in the sea for the use of ocean space, development of submarine oil, development of marine resources, a means of information and technology through the use of coast and protection of shore. It is clarified into dredging & reclamation, ground improvement, submarine cable & lying of pipeline, establishment of marine structure, etc.. These works need a proper ship for a performance of the works. This ship is called as working ship. The working ship is classified into dredging & reclamation, ground improvement, structure establishment, pollution prevention, etc.. Future Ocean Developments Futurists foresee that the 21st century is the age of oceanic revolution. The countries in the world try to prevent the ocean environment and develop a marine resource. Serious problems relating to resources, distribution of space between countries, are shown up. According to recent law of the sea, fishery activity is subjected to restriction. Many countries compete in order to secure vested rights of submarine mineral resources. An essential condition of ocean development is a advanced technology with a mix of various fields. The ocean space of the future will become a center of marine industry. A practical use of production technology will give a man a hope for development of mineral resources and energy. Today the developed countries has grasped an amount of natural resources and established the advance bases in the Antarctic Continent in order to maximize a potentiality of production. Therefore, each country has accelerated to develop the complexly high technology as well as precision investigation of shores. As the man understands the oceanic phenomenon in the future, man will control and manage the sea. The ocean space of the future, according to these complex technology, will show the new functions as a center of sea industry. However, it is sure that ocean development will lead to destruction of marine environment. An acceleration of oceanic development can destruct the unique environment of the ocean, so the environment can not return to the original condition. The future of the oceanic development will be spreaded through only man's foresight. Man will construct the Seatopia on Earth. .
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