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Powered by an industry-ﬁ rst geared architecture — and more than 40 other groundbreaking innovations — the Pratt & Whitney GTF™ is unlike any engine that’s come before it. EXPLORE THE FUTURE OF FLIGHT AT PW.UTC.COM AVIATIONWEEK 2019Winner Winner 2016 & SPACE TECHNOLOGY December 9-22, 2019 . Volume 181 . Number 24

Photographer Avichai Socher of Givat Shmuel, Israel, captured this Israeli Air Force C130j “Shimshon” combing the sky with flares as the Sun set.

CONNECTED AEROSPACE COMMERCIAL AVIATION BUSINESS 20 | Future flight management system 32 | United’s A321XLR order high- 39 | New technology opens onboard to cope with more complex airspace lights Boeing MAX, NMA puzzle systems business for Japan

SPACE 34 | Condor expects clarity about AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT 22 | Space debris removal new owner in January 40 | Technology is seen as a bridge to demonstrations gain momentum 35 | Norwegian’s new boss has his space vehicle integration DEFENSE work cut out for him 41 | Lawmakers urge FAA to speed 26 | UAE makes investments in 36 | Dubai deals suggest Dash airspace integration technology precision-guided bombs 8-400’s run could go on EDITORIAL 27 | Northrop Grumman program 74 Is pressuring allies to pay more on monitors motor, munition health PROPULSION | 38 | NTSB recommends Boeing defense worth the cost? 28 | NATO turns attention to Far East 737NG fan cowl redesign as Beijing’s influence reaches Europe ON THE COVER 29 | U.S. sanctions threat is clouded by The Red Arrows, the Royal Air Force Aerobatic Team, flies above Horseshoe Falls, the largest of three waterfalls comprising Niagara Falls on the U.S.-Canada border. The Sun casts a shadow from their uncertain policy contrails on the fast-moving waters below. See the winners and editor’s picks from the 2019 Aviation Week ROTORCRAFT Photo Contest beginning on page 42. This year more than 250 photographers from 27 countries vied for the 30 | Russian Helicopters sees UAM title of “Best of the Best,” submitting more than 800 photos. Photo by Sean Hower of Haiku, Hawaii. niche for coaxial VRT500 Aviation Week publishes a digital edition every week. Read it at AviationWeek.com/awst DIGITAL EXTRAS Access exclusive online features from articles accompanied by this icon.

AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 3 Editor-In-Chief Joseph C. Anselmo [email protected] Executive Editors Jen DiMascio (Defense and Space) [email protected] Jens Flottau (Commercial Aviation) [email protected] Graham Warwick (Technology) [email protected] Editors Lindsay Bjerregaard, Sean Broderick, Michael Bruno, Bill Carey, Thierry Dubois, William Garvey, Ben Goldstein, Lee Hudson, Irene Klotz, Helen Massy- Beresford, Jefferson Morris, Guy Norris, Tony Osborne, Bradley Perrett, James Pozzi, Adrian Schofield, Lee Ann Shay, Steve Trimble Chief Aircraft Evaluation Editor Fred George Director, Editorial and Online Production Michael O. Lavitt Associate Managing Editor Andrea Hollowell Art Director Lisa Caputo Artists Thomas De Pierro, Colin Throm Copy Editors Jack Freifelder, Arturo Mora, Natalia Pelayo, Andy Savoie Production Editors Aaron Fagan, Bridget Horan Contributing Photographer Joseph Pries Director, Digital Content Strategy Rupa Haria Content Marketing Manager Rija Tariq Data & Analytics Director, Forecasts and Aerospace Insights Brian Kough Senior Manager, Data Operations/Production Terra Deskins Manager, Military Data Operations Michael Tint Editorial Offices 2121 K Street, NW, Suite 210, Washington, D.C. 20037 Phone: +1 (202) 517-1100 605 Third Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10158 Phone: +1 (212) 204-4200 Bureau Chiefs Auckland Adrian [email protected] Beijing GoGo beyondbeyond thethe newsnews ofof thethe Bradley Perrett [email protected] dayday withwith AviationAviation WWeekeek Cape Canaveral Irene Klotz [email protected] IntelligenceIntelligence Network’sNetwork’s Chicago Lee Ann Shay [email protected] Market Brieﬁ ngs. Frankfurt Jens Flottau [email protected] Houston These sector-specifi c intelligence Mark Carreau [email protected] briefi ngs empower busy Kuala Lumpur executives to stay-ahead of the Marhalim Abas [email protected] London market, identify opportunities and Tony Osborne [email protected] drive revenue. Los Angeles Guy Norris [email protected] Lyon Thierry Dubois [email protected] Moscow LEARN MORE: Maxim Pyadushkin [email protected] aviationweek.com/marketbrieﬁ ngs New Delhi Jay Menon [email protected] Paris Helen Massy-Beresford [email protected] Washington Jen DiMascio [email protected] Wichita Molly McMillin [email protected]

President, Aviation Week Network Gregory Hamilton Managing Director, Intelligence & Data Services Anne McMahon

4 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst Editor-In-Chief Joseph C. Anselmo [email protected] Executive Editors Jen DiMascio (Defense and Space) [email protected] Jens Flottau (Commercial Aviation) [email protected] Graham Warwick (Technology) [email protected] Editors Lindsay Bjerregaard, Sean Broderick, Michael Bruno, Bill Carey, Thierry Dubois, William Garvey, Ben Goldstein, Lee Hudson, Irene Klotz, Helen Massy- Beresford, Jefferson Morris, Guy Norris, Tony Osborne, Bradley Perrett, James Pozzi, Adrian Schofield, Lee Ann Shay, Steve Trimble Chief Aircraft Evaluation Editor Fred George Director, Editorial and Online Production Michael O. Lavitt Associate Managing Editor Andrea Hollowell Art Director Lisa Caputo Artists Thomas De Pierro, Colin Throm Copy Editors Jack Freifelder, Arturo Mora, Natalia Pelayo, Andy Savoie Production Editors Aaron Fagan, Bridget Horan Contributing Photographer Joseph Pries Director, Digital Content Strategy Rupa Haria ON NOVEMBER 7, 2019 Content Marketing Manager Rija Tariq Data & Analytics VAUGHN COLLEGE HONORED Director, Forecasts and Aerospace Insights Brian Kough Senior Manager, Data Operations/Production WILLIAM J. FLYNN Terra Deskins Manager, Military Data Operations Michael Tint Chair of the Board and Chief Executive Offi cer, Editorial Offices Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings, Inc. 2121 K Street, NW, Suite 210, Washington, D.C. 20037 Phone: +1 (202) 517-1100 605 Third Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10158 Phone: +1 (212) 204-4200 Bureau Chiefs Auckland Adrian [email protected] Beijing GoGo beyondbeyond thethe newsnews ofof thethe Bradley Perrett [email protected] dayday withwith AviationAviation WWeekeek Cape Canaveral Irene Klotz [email protected] IntelligenceIntelligence Network’sNetwork’s Chicago Lee Ann Shay [email protected] Market Brieﬁ ngs. Frankfurt Jens Flottau [email protected] Houston These sector-specifi c intelligence Mark Carreau [email protected] briefi ngs empower busy Kuala Lumpur executives to stay-ahead of the Marhalim Abas [email protected] London market, identify opportunities and Tony Osborne [email protected] Thank You drive revenue. Los Angeles Guy Norris [email protected] Lyon Thierry Dubois [email protected] Vaughn College would like to thank all our sponsors for their generous contributions that LEARN MORE: Moscow Maxim Pyadushkin [email protected] made our gala possible. We appreciate your support in helping our aviation, engineering, aviationweek.com/marketbrieﬁ ngs New Delhi Jay Menon [email protected] technology and management students reach new heights and become futureproof. Paris Helen Massy-Beresford [email protected] Washington Jen DiMascio [email protected] PLATNIUM SPONSORS BRONZE SPONSORS BENEFACTORS Wichita Molly McMillin [email protected]

President, Aviation Week Network Gregory Hamilton Managing Director, Intelligence & Data Services Anne McMahon

4 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst FEEDBACK

WORTH 1,000 WORDS Thank you for the informative and well- problem; it has faced many issues in researched article “The Pilot Challenge, the past and come through. Skills and Supply” (Oct. 28-Nov. 10, p. 44) . I was surprised and disappointed with the Finbar Constant, Cork, Ireland cover photo, however. The whole gist of the article seemed to be how the aviation BACK TO SEATTLE industry can lure more women and Good to read Tony Velocci again in “Up minorities into the fi eld. Surely you could Front” (Oct. 28-Nov. 10, p. 12). A seismic have done better than this? Rather than culture shift began in 2001, when Boe- going with the status quo, why not try ing moved 2,000 air miles away from to be part of the solution? its airplane-centric engineering roots I have been fl ying commercially for in Seattle to fi nance-centric Chicago. Is 29 years and currently fl y cargo it any wonder, Boeing lost its way? internationally. I am happy to say that The fi rst thing Dennis Muilenburg’s my employer has done an excellent successor should do is to return Boeing job of hiring a diverse pilot group. to its roots and move back to Seattle. Jennifer Anderson, Anchorage, Alaska Richard L. Hackmeister, Fort Lauderdale, Florida

SAFETY FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD nomic considerations, not safety. ONLINE, in response to “Lockheed And I spent 34 years in the U.S. Navy fl ight- Pentagon Joust Over Lucrative F-35 Data test community, much of it involved Kevin L. Smith, California, Maryland Rights,” Paladin comments: with fl ight control system development tests. Several thoughts came to mind THE TRANSFORMATIVE POWER If LM developed the algorithms on after reading “Operationally Chal- OF AVIATION their own nickel, there are IR&D lenged” (Nov. 11-24, p. 24). With regard to “Tough Choices” (Oct. records: technology and fi nancial. The fi rst is that this is another ex- 14-27, p. 46), let’s keep things in perspec- ample of commercial airline pilots who tive. A widebody aircraft carrying 300 [email protected] replied: have become overly dependent on auto- people from Australia to Europe using mation and lose control of the aircraft just over 100 tons of fuel equates to True. And having worked for NASA because they don’t understand what a 150 mi. per gallon per person, which is contractors for over 30 years, I fi nd the system is doing, and they can’t fl y the approximately four times better than idea that LM developed that software aircraft manually. While I agree the an average car. Smaller aircraft can be on their own dime laughable. Those Boeing 737 MAX Maneuvering Charac- more e cient, though obviously very guys don’t do anything on their own teristics Augmentation System control short hops are less so. dime! law was defi cient, lack of documenta- Other than medical advances, the tion of it in the fl ight manual is not an aircraft industry has caused the best In response to “Opinion: How The 2020 excuse for failing to shut o§ electrical life improvement for billions of people. Election Is Likely To A ect Defense,” power to the trim system. Millions of lives have been transformed [email protected] writes: My second thought concerns the by the emergence of tourism industries angle of attack (AOA) system. The in exceptionally poor areas. Millions of Those of us who are invested in aircraft I worked with had to undergo a farmers would not have a market for aerospace and defense companies care post-maintenance or functional check their produce if not for air cargo. And quite a bit about politics—it hits us in fl ight (FCF) following an AOA sensor my own country, Ireland, held thou- the net worth. Must look beyond the replacement. The pocket checklist for sands of “American wakes,” literally media BS to divine the likely impact of these aircraft contained a table of data “funerals” for living people emigrating, various hustlers running for o ce, and the pilot could use on any fl ight to veri- because they would not be seen again. AWST can help us with that. Keep up fy the system was working properly. It This is not to say we cannot and the great work. would be inconvenient to the airlines, should not improve. Climate change but the certifi cation authorities should is very real and very worrying. And And [email protected] notes: consider requiring an FCF after an while the space industry has brought AOA sensor replacement for aircraft huge benefi ts (communications, aerial Overall, a pretty solid analysis of the that use AOA data to compute fl ight or mapping, GPS, etc.), it is not fuel-e - political landscape. I would like to see engine control actuator commands. cient. Space travel just for fun needs a similar analysis of the impact of 2020 The third thought is that it is not in to be rethought. Mankind is up to the on the manned space program. the general public’s interest to have commercial aircraft fl ying overhead with anything less than two well- Address letters to the Editor-in-Chief, Aviation Week & Space Technology, trained pilots in the cockpit. Advocates 2121 K Street, NW, Suite 210, Washington, DC, 20037 or send via email to: for reducing the fl ight deck crew from [email protected] Letters may be edited for length and clarity; two to one or zero are driven by eco- a verifi able address and daytime telephone number are required.

AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst FEEDBACK

WORTH 1,000 WORDS Thank you for the informative and well- problem; it has faced many issues in researched article “The Pilot Challenge, the past and come through. Skills and Supply” (Oct. 28-Nov. 10, p. 44) . I was surprised and disappointed with the Finbar Constant, Cork, Ireland cover photo, however. The whole gist of the article seemed to be how the aviation BACK TO SEATTLE industry can lure more women and Good to read Tony Velocci again in “Up minorities into the fi eld. Surely you could Front” (Oct. 28-Nov. 10, p. 12). A seismic have done better than this? Rather than culture shift began in 2001, when Boe- going with the status quo, why not try ing moved 2,000 air miles away from to be part of the solution? its airplane-centric engineering roots I have been fl ying commercially for in Seattle to fi nance-centric Chicago. Is 29 years and currently fl y cargo it any wonder, Boeing lost its way? internationally. I am happy to say that The fi rst thing Dennis Muilenburg’s my employer has done an excellent successor should do is to return Boeing LEADINGL E A D I N G job of hiring a diverse pilot group. to its roots and move back to Seattle. Jennifer Anderson, Anchorage, Alaska Richard L. Hackmeister, Fort Lauderdale, Florida

SAFETY FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD nomic considerations, not safety. ONLINE, in response to “Lockheed And I spent 34 years in the U.S. Navy fl ight- Pentagon Joust Over Lucrative F-35 Data test community, much of it involved Kevin L. Smith, California, Maryland Rights,” Paladin comments: with fl ight control system development AEROSPACEAEROSPACE tests. Several thoughts came to mind THE TRANSFORMATIVE POWER If LM developed the algorithms on after reading “Operationally Chal- OF AVIATION their own nickel, there are IR&D lenged” (Nov. 11-24, p. 24). With regard to “Tough Choices” (Oct. records: technology and fi nancial. The fi rst is that this is another ex- 14-27, p. 46), let’s keep things in perspec- ample of commercial airline pilots who tive. A widebody aircraft carrying 300 [email protected] replied: have become overly dependent on auto- people from Australia to Europe using mation and lose control of the aircraft just over 100 tons of fuel equates to True. And having worked for NASA because they don’t understand what a 150 mi. per gallon per person, which is contractors for over 30 years, I fi nd the system is doing, and they can’t fl y the approximately four times better than idea that LM developed that software aircraft manually. While I agree the an average car. Smaller aircraft can be on their own dime laughable. Those Boeing 737 MAX Maneuvering Charac- more e cient, though obviously very guys don’t do anything on their own teristics Augmentation System control short hops are less so. dime! law was defi cient, lack of documenta- Other than medical advances, the tion of it in the fl ight manual is not an aircraft industry has caused the best In response to “Opinion: How The 2020 excuse for failing to shut o§ electrical life improvement for billions of people. Election Is Likely To A ect Defense,” power to the trim system. Millions of lives have been transformed [email protected] writes: My second thought concerns the by the emergence of tourism industries angle of attack (AOA) system. The in exceptionally poor areas. Millions of Those of us who are invested in aircraft I worked with had to undergo a farmers would not have a market for aerospace and defense companies care post-maintenance or functional check their produce if not for air cargo. And quite a bit about politics—it hits us in fl ight (FCF) following an AOA sensor my own country, Ireland, held thou- the net worth. Must look beyond the replacement. The pocket checklist for sands of “American wakes,” literally media BS to divine the likely impact of these aircraft contained a table of data “funerals” for living people emigrating, various hustlers running for o ce, and the pilot could use on any fl ight to veri- because they would not be seen again. AWST can help us with that. Keep up fy the system was working properly. It This is not to say we cannot and the great work. Meet the world’s Aerospace leaders at the would be inconvenient to the airlines, should not improve. Climate change but the certifi cation authorities should is very real and very worrying. And And [email protected] notes: 2020 Farnborough International Airshow. consider requiring an FCF after an while the space industry has brought AOA sensor replacement for aircraft huge benefi ts (communications, aerial Overall, a pretty solid analysis of the that use AOA data to compute fl ight or mapping, GPS, etc.), it is not fuel-e - political landscape. I would like to see Discover our host of participation options engine control actuator commands. cient. Space travel just for fun needs a similar analysis of the impact of 2020 The third thought is that it is not in to be rethought. Mankind is up to the on the manned space program. the general public’s interest to have commercial aircraft fl ying overhead farnboroughairshow.com with anything less than two well- Address letters to the Editor-in-Chief, Aviation Week & Space Technology, trained pilots in the cockpit. Advocates 2121 K Street, NW, Suite 210, Washington, DC, 20037 or send via email to: the future starts here for reducing the fl ight deck crew from [email protected] Letters may be edited for length and clarity; two to one or zero are driven by eco- a verifi able address and daytime telephone number are required.

AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst WHO’S WHERE

Adina-Ioana Valean promoted Steve Myers to jet service Association’s (GAMA) senior-level of Romania has manager, Steve Rozbora to turboprop policy committee for 2020 will include been greenlighted production manager and Beau Hawkins David Paddock of Jet Aviation as chair- as transport com- to avionics sales manager. man, Nicolas Chabbert of Daher as vice missioner for the Astroscale, the nascent space-debris chairman and David Van Den Langen- European Commission removal service aimed at securing bergh of Luxaviation, who will chair the by the European long-term orbital sustainability, has European leaders steering committee, Parliament. Among her responsibili- hired Gene Fujii and Mike Lindsay as a new position. John Knudsen, Bye ties will be to work to fulfill European chief engineer and chief technology of- Aerospace general counsel, also has Commission President Ursula von der ficer, respectively. Fujii was Orbcomm joined the GAMA board. Leyen’s plan to make space segment vice president, and The International Aircraft Dealers As- the EU carbon-neu- Lindsay was OneWeb director of spec- sociation has named Paul Kirby board tral by 2050. trum architecture. chairman for 2020-21. Kirby, who is Mike King has been Centauri, an engineering, intelli- the QS Partners brokerage managing hired as FlightSafety gence, cybersecurity and advanced partner, succeeds Mente President and International pres- technology company, has hired U.S. CEO Brian Proctor. ident of services, Air Force Col. (ret.) GE Capital Aviation Services has pro- overseeing aircrew Elena Oberg as senior moted Greg Conlon to president/CEO training and contractor logistics world- systems engineer from executive vice president and man- wide. King, who worked at FlightSafety and program manager of aircraft trading and business in 1990-2014, was chief operating offi- ager. She was vice development. He succeeds Alec Burger, cer at Simcom Aviation Training. He commander at the who will continue as president and succeeds Hector Zarate. U.S. Air Force Re- CEO and will serve as board chairman. Panasonic Avionics has hired Ken search Laboratory at Sain as CEO. He succeeds Hideo Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio. Nakano, who will become a special Salvatore Sciacchitano has been HONORS AND ELECTIONS advisor. Sain was vice president of dig- elected president of the International Barbara Walters-Phillips has been ital solutions and analytics at Boeing Civil Aviation Organization for a three- chosen to receive the 2019 Katharine Global Services and before that, CEO year term starting in January. He Wright Trophy from of Jeppesen, a Boeing subsidiary. succeeds Olumuyiwa Benard Aliu of the National Aeronau- Cadence Aero- Nigeria, who held the position for two tic Association. The space—Tell Tool has consecutive terms. trophy is awarded an- appointed Bernard Thomas L. Fagan has been named nually to an individual P. Chowaniec as vice Space-Eyes senior vice president of who “has contributed president/general business development and government to the success of manager. Edward affairs. He had worked as an executive others or made a per- Torres, who was at BAE Systems, Lockheed Martin, sonal contribution” to advancing avia- vice president and ITT Defense, General Electric and was tion and spaceflight over an extended general manager for a Drexel University period of time. Walters-Phillips is being Cadence—Tell Tool, associate research recognized for career “contributions as succeeds Chowaniec professor. a pilot, mentor, community advocate, as vice president of Jobby George has and educator.” operations at Ca- been appointed gen- Robert Ireland has been given the in- dence Aerospace. eral manager of Air augural SAE International Contributor Trenchard Aviation Partner’s new office of the Year Award. Ireland, Airlines for Group has hired Mar- in Dubai. George has America managing director of engi- tin Longden as vice president of interi- extensive experience in VIP and com- neering and maintenance, is being honors. He previously held leadership roles mercial aviation in the region and was ored for his ongoing commitment and for a maintenance, repair and overhaul commercial manager at Dubai-based contributions to SAE and the entire company handling 60 airlines at more Chapman Freeborn. mobility industry. than 20 locations. The DAES Group has hired Jeffrey John O’Donnell, former Albany In- Tim Fagan has been appointed Long as director of capital equipment ternational Airport CEO, has received chief of industrial design for Aerion Americas. Long was an airline pilot for the 2019 Bill Shea Aviation Award from Supersonic, where he will lead the AS2 Piedmont/American Airlines. the New York Aviation Management supersonic business jet interior design The General Aviation Manufacturers Association. c team. Fagan led industrial design of the Bombardier Global 7500 interior and To submit information for the Who’s Where column, send Word or attached text files (no the Bombardier Global 5000 and Glob- PDFs) and photos to: [email protected] For additional information on al 6000 Premier Cabin companies and individuals listed in this column, please refer to the Aviation Week Intelligence Western Aircraft, a Greenwich Aero- Network at AviationWeek.com/awin For information on ordering, telephone Group aircraft repair company, has U.S.: +1 (866) 857-0148 or +1 (515) 237-3682 outside the U.S.

8 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst WHO’S WHERE MARKET INTELLIGENCE

Adina-Ioana Valean promoted Steve Myers to jet service Association’s (GAMA) senior-level AND CONSULTING FOR of Romania has manager, Steve Rozbora to turboprop policy committee for 2020 will include been greenlighted production manager and Beau Hawkins David Paddock of Jet Aviation as chair- as transport com- to avionics sales manager. man, Nicolas Chabbert of Daher as vice THE AEROSPACE/DEFENSE missioner for the Astroscale, the nascent space-debris chairman and David Van Den Langen- European Commission removal service aimed at securing bergh of Luxaviation, who will chair the INDUSTRY by the European long-term orbital sustainability, has European leaders steering committee, Parliament. Among her responsibili- hired Gene Fujii and Mike Lindsay as a new position. John Knudsen, Bye ties will be to work to fulfill European chief engineer and chief technology of- Aerospace general counsel, also has Commission President Ursula von der ficer, respectively. Fujii was Orbcomm joined the GAMA board. Leyen’s plan to make space segment vice president, and The International Aircraft Dealers As- the EU carbon-neu- Lindsay was OneWeb director of spec- sociation has named Paul Kirby board tral by 2050. trum architecture. chairman for 2020-21. Kirby, who is Mike King has been Centauri, an engineering, intelli- the QS Partners brokerage managing hired as FlightSafety gence, cybersecurity and advanced partner, succeeds Mente President and International pres- technology company, has hired U.S. CEO Brian Proctor. ident of services, Air Force Col. (ret.) GE Capital Aviation Services has pro- overseeing aircrew Elena Oberg as senior moted Greg Conlon to president/CEO training and contractor logistics world- systems engineer from executive vice president and man- wide. King, who worked at FlightSafety and program manager of aircraft trading and business in 1990-2014, was chief operating offi- ager. She was vice development. He succeeds Alec Burger, cer at Simcom Aviation Training. He commander at the who will continue as president and succeeds Hector Zarate. U.S. Air Force Re- CEO and will serve as board chairman. Panasonic Avionics has hired Ken search Laboratory at Sain as CEO. He succeeds Hideo Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio. Nakano, who will become a special Salvatore Sciacchitano has been HONORS AND ELECTIONS advisor. Sain was vice president of dig- elected president of the International Barbara Walters-Phillips has been ital solutions and analytics at Boeing Civil Aviation Organization for a three- chosen to receive the 2019 Katharine Global Services and before that, CEO year term starting in January. He Wright Trophy from of Jeppesen, a Boeing subsidiary. succeeds Olumuyiwa Benard Aliu of the National Aeronau- Cadence Aero- Nigeria, who held the position for two tic Association. The space—Tell Tool has consecutive terms. trophy is awarded an- appointed Bernard Thomas L. Fagan has been named nually to an individual P. Chowaniec as vice Space-Eyes senior vice president of who “has contributed president/general business development and government to the success of manager. Edward affairs. He had worked as an executive others or made a per- Torres, who was at BAE Systems, Lockheed Martin, sonal contribution” to advancing avia- vice president and ITT Defense, General Electric and was tion and spaceflight over an extended general manager for a Drexel University period of time. Walters-Phillips is being Cadence—Tell Tool, associate research recognized for career “contributions as succeeds Chowaniec professor. a pilot, mentor, community advocate, as vice president of Jobby George has and educator.” operations at Ca- been appointed gen- Robert Ireland has been given the in- dence Aerospace. eral manager of Air augural SAE International Contributor Trenchard Aviation Partner’s new office of the Year Award. Ireland, Airlines for Group has hired Mar- in Dubai. George has America managing director of engi- tin Longden as vice president of interi- extensive experience in VIP and com- neering and maintenance, is being honors. He previously held leadership roles mercial aviation in the region and was ored for his ongoing commitment and for a maintenance, repair and overhaul commercial manager at Dubai-based contributions to SAE and the entire company handling 60 airlines at more Chapman Freeborn. mobility industry. than 20 locations. The DAES Group has hired Jeffrey John O’Donnell, former Albany In- Tim Fagan has been appointed Long as director of capital equipment ternational Airport CEO, has received chief of industrial design for Aerion Americas. Long was an airline pilot for the 2019 Bill Shea Aviation Award from follow us: blog.forecastinternational.com/wordpress Supersonic, where he will lead the AS2 Piedmont/American Airlines. the New York Aviation Management supersonic business jet interior design The General Aviation Manufacturers Association. c twitter.com/ForecastIntl team. Fagan led industrial design of the Bombardier Global 7500 interior and To submit information for the Who’s Where column, send Word or attached text files (no linkedin.com/company/forecast-international the Bombardier Global 5000 and Glob- PDFs) and photos to: [email protected] For additional information on al 6000 Premier Cabin companies and individuals listed in this column, please refer to the Aviation Week Intelligence Western Aircraft, a Greenwich Aero- Network at AviationWeek.com/awin For information on ordering, telephone [email protected] Group aircraft repair company, has U.S.: +1 (866) 857-0148 or +1 (515) 237-3682 outside the U.S. 203.426.0800 8 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst FIRST

TAKE DEFENSE Spain has chosen Pilatus’ PC-21 turbo- For the latest, go to Germany’s MTU and France’s Safran prop trainer to replace its air force’s AVIATIONWEEK.COM have reached agreement on develop- fleet of locally developed CASA C-101 ment of an engine for the European Aviojets, tender documents show.

Future Combat Air System fighter, TURKISH AEROSPACE COMMERCIAL AVIATION paving the way for a demonstrator to fly in 2026.

France has launched the production phase of the Archange signals intelligence program, which will replace two Transall C-160 Gabriels with three modified Dassault Falcon 8Xs beginning in 2025.

BOEING New secure communication systems and Turkish Aerospace has rolled out the Boeing rolled out the 737 MAX 10 at an data links to improve interoperability first of 109 locally assembled T-70 Black employee-only event on Nov. 22. Sched- are at the heart of a $1 billion upgrade Hawk helicopters to be built under the uled to fly in 2020, the MAX 10 is 64 in. to NATO’s fleet of Boeing E-3A Sentry Turkish Utility Helicopter Program. longer than the MAX 9, giving it a two- airborne early warning aircraft. Deliveries are set to begin in 2021. class capacity of 188-204 passengers. Spain’s Indra is to lead development of India will receive its first Russian S-400 United Airlines has ordered 50 Airbus a European airborne electronic attack Triumf long-range surface-to-air missiles A321XLRs to replace Boeing 757s, cast- escort-jamming system to be funded in September 2021, Alexander Mikheev, ing further doubt on Boeing’s business through the European Union’s Perma- head of the Rosoboronexport weapons case for launching development of the nent Structured Cooperation initiative. trade agency, has told RIA Novosti. new midmarket airplane (page 32). VIEW FROM SEVILLE The steps required to deliver hundreds of stored aircraft have convinced the FAA it needs to take over issuing air- A Vote of Confidence in Space worthiness and export certificates for The 22 member states of the European Space Agency (ESA) have Boeing 737 MAXs once cleared to return to service. approved the most ambitious plan yet for the region’s space sector—pledging a record €14.4 billion ($15.8 billion) over five years, CRAIC will establish the CR929 engineer- securing current programs and paving the way for more. ing center in Moscow, following protract- ed negotiations between the Russian and One of the winners at the Nov. 27-28 ministerial meeting was Chinese partners in the widebody airliner the Copernicus Earth-observation program. With €1.9 billion in program launched in 2016. funding over three years instead of the proposed €1.4 billion, it will The EU failed to prove it removed ille- benefit from improved performance that allows CO2 emissions to gal subsidies for the Airbus A380 and be more accurately monitored. A350, the World Trade Organization Cooperation with NASA and other agencies for exploration has ruled, reaffirming its approval for the U.S. to apply up to $7.5 billion in received strong support as the budget was boosted 30% to €1.95 punitive tariffs. billion over three years. ESA will contribute €300 million to the Lunar Gateway, starting with a communications system. Funding The European Union Aviation Safety Agency has cleared Airbus to raise the for the International Space Station is confirmed until 2030. maxi mum passenger capacity of the The meeting also launched the Space Rider reusable spaceplane A350-1000 to 480 from 440, made pos- program and studies of launchers beyond the Ariane 6 now in de- sible by the installation of dual-line slide Type A+ exits in all four positions on velopment. Space Rider is an unmanned spacecraft with an 800-kg both sides of the fuselage. (1,800-lb.) payload and the ability to fly six times for microgravity experiments and technology demonstrations. The fatal crash of a FlyDubai Boeing 737-800 at Rostov-on-Don in March A new pillar has been added to ESA’s activities—safety and secu- 2016 was caused by incorrect aircraft rity. It received €541 million, less than the €900 million it hoped for, configuration and crew piloting, says but Director General Jan Woerner expressed satisfaction at seeing the final report by Russia’s Interstate Aviation Committee. issues such as space debris becoming part of the agency’s agenda.

10 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst FIRST Maritime Aircraft MRO Market TAKE DEFENSE Spain has chosen Pilatus’ PC-21 turbo- VERTICAL FLIGHT Maritime Aircraft MRO For the latest, go to Germany’s MTU and France’s Safran prop trainer to replace its air force’s Scheduled to fly in 2020, Russian Heli- by Region,Market 2020 by (U.S. Region, $ Billions) 2020 (U.S. $ Billions) AVIATIONWEEK.COM have reached agreement on develop- fleet of locally developed CASA C-101 copters’ VRT500 coaxial-rotor light sin- ment of an engine for the European Aviojets, tender documents show. gle-turbine helicopter will be powered The fleet of Western-designed maritime

Future Combat Air System fighter, TURKISH AEROSPACE by Pratt & Whitney‘s PW207 turboshaft patrol aircraft is projected to grow sub- COMMERCIAL AVIATION paving the way for a demonstrator to (page 30). stantially over the next decade. Some fly in 2026. 275 aircraft will enter service and North America Asia-Paciﬁc Boeing and startup Kitty Hawk have 199 will retire, growing the in-ser- France has launched the production unveiled a joint venture, Wisk, that is vice fleet from 894 in 2019 to 970 $11.4 $10.2 phase of the Archange signals intelli- developing the Cora two-seat electric in 2029. This and other insights gence program, which will replace two vertical-takeoff-and-landing (eVTOL) can be found in Aviation Week’s Transall C-160 Gabriels with three mod- autonomous air taxi. new 2020 Military Aircraft ified Dassault Falcon 8Xs beginning in Forecast. Total: 2025. Airbus Silicon Valley outpost A 3 has wrapped up testing on the Vahana au- $31.0

BOEING Aviation Week Network New secure communication systems and Turkish Aerospace has rolled out the tonomous eVTOL demonstrator, com- Boeing rolled out the 737 MAX 10 at an data links to improve interoperability first of 109 locally assembled T-70 Black pleting 138 flights totaling 13.4 hr. 2020 Military Fleet & MRO Forecast. Learn more at employee-only event on Nov. 22. Sched- are at the heart of a $1 billion upgrade Hawk helicopters to be built under the Europe uled to fly in 2020, the MAX 10 is 64 in. to NATO’s fleet of Boeing E-3A Sentry Turkish Utility Helicopter Program. pgs.aviationweek.com/awstforecast longer than the MAX 9, giving it a two- airborne early warning aircraft. Deliveries are set to begin in 2021. $4.9 class capacity of 188-204 passengers. Africa (sub-Saharan) $0.2 Spain’s Indra is to lead development of India will receive its first Russian S-400 Middle East & North Africa $0.8 United Airlines has ordered 50 Airbus a European airborne electronic attack Triumf long-range surface-to-air missiles A321XLRs to replace Boeing 757s, cast- escort-jamming system to be funded in September 2021, Alexander Mikheev, Latin America $1.5 ing further doubt on Boeing’s business through the European Union’s Perma- head of the Rosoboronexport weapons case for launching development of the nent Structured Cooperation initiative. trade agency, has told RIA Novosti. South Asia $2.0 new midmarket airplane (page 32). AIRBUS VIEW FROM SEVILLE The steps required to deliver hundreds Airbus has released the first image of OBITUARY of stored aircraft have convinced the its CityAirbus eVTOL demonstrator in David Eshel, a longtime contributor to Corps and Signal Corps. After his re- FAA it needs to take over issuing air- A Vote of Confidence in Space tethered hover tests and says free-flight Aviation Week, died on Dec. 1 in Israel. tirement from the military, he became worthiness and export certificates for The 22 member states of the European Space Agency (ESA) have testing will begin shortly at Manching He was 91. He was among the founders a writer, commentator and defense Boeing 737 MAXs once cleared to re- AB, Germany. of the Israeli Defense Force’s Armored analyst. c turn to service. approved the most ambitious plan yet for the region’s space sector—pledging a record €14.4 billion ($15.8 billion) over five years, CRAIC will establish the CR929 engineer- securing current programs and paving the way for more. 75 YEARS AGO IN AVIATION WEEK ing center in Moscow, following protract- ed negotiations between the Russian and One of the winners at the Nov. 27-28 ministerial meeting was On July 20, 1944, in the midst of World Chinese partners in the widebody airliner the Copernicus Earth-observation program. With €1.9 billion in War II, the U.S. War Department announced program launched in 2016. funding over three years instead of the proposed €1.4 billion, it will that a Douglas C-54 Skymaster transport benefit from improved performance that allows CO emissions to aircraft had made the first nonstop flight The EU failed to prove it removed ille- 2 between London and Washington, covering gal subsidies for the Airbus A380 and be more accurately monitored. 3,800 mi. (6,115 km) in 18 hr. McDonnell A350, the World Trade Organization Cooperation with NASA and other agencies for exploration Aircraft Corp., a five-year-old military con- has ruled, reaffirming its approval for the U.S. to apply up to $7.5 billion in received strong support as the budget was boosted 30% to €1.95 tractor that supplied the C-54’s anti-drag punitive tariffs. billion over three years. ESA will contribute €300 million to the ring cowls and wing leading-edge sections, Lunar Gateway, starting with a communications system. Funding placed an ad in our December 1944 edition The European Union Aviation Safety for the International Space Station is confirmed until 2030. to commemorate the feat. “Even in these Agency has cleared Airbus to raise the days of globe-girding air operations, that’s maxi mum passenger capacity of the The meeting also launched the Space Rider reusable spaceplane news,” proclaimed the ad. “But after victory, A350-1000 to 480 from 440, made pos- program and studies of launchers beyond the Ariane 6 now in de- such flights connecting the capitals and sible by the installation of dual-line slide Type A+ exits in all four positions on velopment. Space Rider is an unmanned spacecraft with an 800-kg great cities of the world will become merely both sides of the fuselage. (1,800-lb.) payload and the ability to fly six times for microgravity a matter of routine.” The ad also hinted experiments and technology demonstrations. at McDonnell’s ongoing development of of a FlyDubai Boeing The fatal crash A new pillar has been added to ESA’s activities—safety and secu- the FH-1 Phantom jet fighter, which would 737-800 at Rostov-on-Don in March make its first flight on Jan. 26, 1945, and go we hope to tell you about war planes of our 2016 was caused by incorrect aircraft rity. It received €541 million, less than the €900 million it hoped for, on to become the first U.S. jet to take off own design and manufacture,” the company Subscribers can access every configuration and crew piloting, says but Director General Jan Woerner expressed satisfaction at seeing from and land on an aircraft carrier. “One said. McDonnell and Douglas merged into issue of Aviation Week back to the final report by Russia’s Interstate 1916 at: archive.aviationweek.com Aviation Committee. issues such as space debris becoming part of the agency’s agenda. day soon, when restrictions can be lifted, McDonnell Douglas in 1967.

10 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 11 COMMENTARY UP FRONT RICHARD ABOULAFIA

technologies. Spinning off Pratt, combining it with Rolls- Royce and listing the new entity on the market or placing it with private equity might offer a rational solution that would be acceptable to regulators and politicians. But would Raytheon Technologies want to monetize Pratt? There are two possible areas of synergy between ROLLS-ROYCE Pratt and the rest of the company. The first is the aero- twin-aisle jets. The status quo would be maintained, with structures division, in the event integrated propulsion Rolls-Royce holding on as the third-largest civil engine units gain traction. But it is far from clear that primes prime, just behind Pratt & Whitney. If the UltraFan is really want integrated units from one provider, as evi- a big success, Rolls could even regain the second spot. denced by Boeing’s decision to bring 777 and 737 MAX The second scenario would see Rolls-Royce losing the nacelle work back in-house. XWB application but remaining viable as a distant-third The second possible area of synergy is hybrid propul- market player. It would simply trudge along, diminished, sion systems, in the event the jetliner industry embraces and increasingly dependent on UK defense spending and these in the next few decades. This remains speculative, the high-end business jet market. It might be forced to and it is not clear that a company that designs the sys- defer or cancel UltraFan. tems and architectures cannot just work with an inde- This scenario would not be immediately fatal. The pendent engine company. 2030s will likely see a new round of single-aisle prod- It is hard to handicap these three outcomes for Rolls, uct launches at Airbus and Boeing, and while CFM and but the merger scenario is most rational. If Rolls loses Pratt would have the advantage as incumbents, engine the XWB, merging may be the company’s best hope for company fortunes can change quickly. As Pratt’s expe- a recovery. And Rolls’ difficult position was perhaps rience in the 1990s and 2000s showed, it is possible for inevitable: The aero-engine business remains a triopoly, aero-engine companies to make a remarkable recovery, serving a duopoly that has a diminished interest in new even after decades of misinvestment, execution prob- product launches. c lems and other setbacks. The third scenario is the most intriguing. For at Contributing columnist Richard Aboulafia is vice president of least three decades, there has been speculation about analysis at Teal Group. He is based in Washington.

12 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst COMMENTARY UP FRONT RICHARD ABOULAFIA

AIRBUS’ DISCUSSIONS WITH GENERAL a merger between Pratt and Rolls. GE is the dominant Electric on a possible new engine for the single-aisle engine-maker and the second-largest twin- A350XWB, revealed by Aviation Week aisle player, but Pratt and Rolls are perfectly compli- (AW&ST Nov. 25-Dec. 8, p. 14), threaten Rolls- mentary, with the former strong in single-aisles and Royce’s most important platform. The value of forecast- the latter in twins. ed Trent XWB deliveries is greater than Rolls’ other The latest big complication with this possible tie-up is commercial engine applications combined, so losing it the United Technologies-Raytheon merger now under- would be catastrophic. way. While United Technologies on its own might have These discussions, coupled with Rolls’ decision to not been a conceivable buyer of Rolls one day, the much offer an engine for Boeing’s proposed new midmarket larger Raytheon Technologies would have a very hard airplane (NMA), also come after a decade of very dif- time convincing regulators in the U.S. and Europe to ficult times for the company. Broadly speaking, there approve the acquisition. The UK government would fear are three possible long-term outcomes, the last of which Rolls-Royce being under the complete control of a much would be an engine-industry game changer. larger U.S. behemoth, particularly if the acquisition were The first scenario is simplest: Rolls-Royce improves to take place with Rolls in a greatly weakened position— its performance on its current products, particularly the loss of its biggest platform. Indeed, a Rolls-Royce the Trent 1000, and is able to convince Airbus that its sale to a large U.S. corporation could rival the political UltraFan is the best engine for any future A350XWB- controversy over the sale of Westland to Agusta that neo. Rolls would continue to power 100% of all Airbus beset the Thatcher government in the 1980s. But an alternative view of the Raytheon-UTC merger presents an opportunity. What if the new company decides that Pratt offers few synergies with its other aerospace units? Jet engines are their own industry segment, with discrete supply chains, business models and Three Futures Possible pathways for Rolls-Royce technologies. Spinning off Pratt, combining it with Rolls- Royce and listing the new entity on the market or placing it with private equity might offer a rational solution that would be acceptable to regulators and politicians. But would Raytheon Technologies want to monetize Pratt? There are two possible areas of synergy between ROLLS-ROYCE Pratt and the rest of the company. The first is the aero- twin-aisle jets. The status quo would be maintained, with structures division, in the event integrated propulsion Rolls-Royce holding on as the third-largest civil engine units gain traction. But it is far from clear that primes prime, just behind Pratt & Whitney. If the UltraFan is really want integrated units from one provider, as evi- a big success, Rolls could even regain the second spot. denced by Boeing’s decision to bring 777 and 737 MAX The second scenario would see Rolls-Royce losing the nacelle work back in-house. XWB application but remaining viable as a distant-third The second possible area of synergy is hybrid propul- market player. It would simply trudge along, diminished, sion systems, in the event the jetliner industry embraces and increasingly dependent on UK defense spending and these in the next few decades. This remains speculative, the high-end business jet market. It might be forced to and it is not clear that a company that designs the sys- defer or cancel UltraFan. tems and architectures cannot just work with an inde- This scenario would not be immediately fatal. The pendent engine company. 2030s will likely see a new round of single-aisle prod- It is hard to handicap these three outcomes for Rolls, uct launches at Airbus and Boeing, and while CFM and but the merger scenario is most rational. If Rolls loses Pratt would have the advantage as incumbents, engine the XWB, merging may be the company’s best hope for company fortunes can change quickly. As Pratt’s expe- a recovery. And Rolls’ difficult position was perhaps rience in the 1990s and 2000s showed, it is possible for inevitable: The aero-engine business remains a triopoly, aero-engine companies to make a remarkable recovery, serving a duopoly that has a diminished interest in new even after decades of misinvestment, execution prob- product launches. c lems and other setbacks. The third scenario is the most intriguing. For at Contributing columnist Richard Aboulafia is vice president of least three decades, there has been speculation about analysis at Teal Group. He is based in Washington.

12 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst COMMENTARY GOING CONCERNS MICHAEL BRUNO

A LONG, LONG TIME AGO IN A order activity (30 incremental orders) is a positive,” he marketplace far away—i.e., this past says. “These are the first firm orders since the March spring just before the Boeing 737 MAX 2019 grounding. However, Airbus booked over 150 A320 was grounded and U.S. trade wars family orders and is gradually extending its lead in the with China and Europe were solidified—Teal Group narrowbody market.” consultant Richard Aboulafia gave a round of presen- The midsize-airliner’s rise to dominance is gaining tations to some aerospace manufacturing conferences. momentum. Airlines want larger narrowbodies or small- One of them was titled “Two Thoroughbreds and a er widebodies that operate at narrowbody economics. Herd of Donkeys.” To that effect, Boeing rolled out the 737 MAX 10 in an Aboulafia’s presentations addressed the whole avia- employees-only event in Renton, Washington, on Nov. 21, tion market. While a few of the important conditions on a key step in its effort to slow the Airbus A321neo’s as- cendance. At the same time, the embattled OEM continues to openly mull whether to pursue a new midmarket airplane (NMA), a potential 757-replacement. ‘Two Thoroughbreds’ After Dubai, analysts say larger widebody opportuni- Commercial aviation suppliers should focus ties remain limited. “In widebody land, there was some skepticism as to whether Boeing can simply move the on larger narrowbodies 787 rate back up to 14 a month in a couple of years given current demand trends, and so that could be something which he based his talks have changed since then, the most important factor has not: The 737 and Airbus A320 families of narrowbody Aircraft Growth—and Not jetliners continue to make up most of the World New Deliveries in 2018 CAGR CAGR CAGR Change growth in the aviation manufacturing sector. (2019 $ billions) 2003-08 2008-14 2014-17 2017-18 By comparison, business jets, regional jets Large Jetliners $111.6 7.4% 9.9% 2.8% 4.3% and helicopters are expected to remain mut- Business Aircraft 19.8 16.7 -1.9 -6.0 -1.4 ed markets, while Western military aircraft Regionals 6.2 3.9 -3.1 -4.3 -7.8 as a whole may peak in coming years. “It all comes down to really just two pro- Civil Rotorcraft 4.5 19.8 -2.0 -9.4 4.6 grams that are propelling things here,” he Military Rotorcraft 11.4 9.8 9.8 -9.3 -12.6 said in March. “This is the most targeted and Military Transports 6.0 3.2 -0.7 2.6 -5.2 narrow upturn this industry has ever seen.” Fighters 18.6 1.6 0.8 1.0 3.9 November’s Dubai Airshow confirms the All Civil 142.2 9.8 5.5 0.5 2.9 trend, and for suppliers, the ramifications are becoming clearer. Aerospace business All Military 39.9 3.7 4.1 -2.6 -2.9 growth continues to be driven by the two Total $182 8.0% 5.1% -0.2% 1.6% narrowbody leaders and especially their Source: Teal Group larger variants. “The Dubai Airshow reinforced our view of a trend that chips away at industry profit and cash estimates toward the middle for airliners,” Bloomberg Intelligence if the rate has to come down again,” Vertical Research analysts George Ferguson and Francois Duflot said on Partners wrote on Nov. 22. Nov. 22. “Large widebodies showed how out of favor Inside the supply chain, opinions differ on how diver- they are, as Emirates canceled some of its 777 orders sified a supplier should be. Some CEOs think a myriad in favor of smaller, long-range aircraft. The future of the of revenue streams is critical to business sustainability; narrowbody seems to be larger and longer, as Airbus’ others see the benefits of focused factories. But practi- new XLR continued to take orders.” cally all executives will say the key is to be a supplier Indeed, for an airshow that traditionally has served on the right programs, and not just a widget-maker for as an extravaganza for larger widebodies because of anybody who wants to come along and build an airplane. Middle Eastern airlines’ strategies, several analysts According to Teal’s Aboulafia, only large jetliners and took note of the new direction. military fighters have shown compound annual growth “Most notable are the first orders for the MAX since rates (CAGR) over the years (see table). While the 737 the grounding,” Jefferies analyst Sheila Kahyaoglu and and A320 have their issues, the two programs remain her team wrote on Nov. 20. “The Emirates order also the favorites without a doubt and are increasingly set- points to balanced demand for smaller widebodies rela- ting themselves apart from all the rest. tive to larger aircraft.” “If you are exposed to these products, you are a hap- Canaccord Genuity analyst Ken Herbert agrees that py supplier,” Aboulafia said in one of his spring presen- larger narrowbodies and smaller widebodies were the tations. “Everything outside the two thoroughbreds are airshow’s highlights. “We believe the Boeing 737 MAX just milling around in circles.” c

14 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst COMMENTARY GOING CONCERNS MICHAEL BRUNO

A LONG, LONG TIME AGO IN A order activity (30 incremental orders) is a positive,” he marketplace far away—i.e., this past says. “These are the first firm orders since the March spring just before the Boeing 737 MAX 2019 grounding. However, Airbus booked over 150 A320 was grounded and U.S. trade wars family orders and is gradually extending its lead in the with China and Europe were solidified—Teal Group narrowbody market.” Fleet Discovery Military consultant Richard Aboulafia gave a round of presen- The midsize-airliner’s rise to dominance is gaining tations to some aerospace manufacturing conferences. momentum. Airlines want larger narrowbodies or small- One of them was titled “Two Thoroughbreds and a er widebodies that operate at narrowbody economics. Herd of Donkeys.” To that effect, Boeing rolled out the 737 MAX 10 in an Aboulafia’s presentations addressed the whole avia- employees-only event in Renton, Washington, on Nov. 21, tion market. While a few of the important conditions on a key step in its effort to slow the Airbus A321neo’s as- cendance. At the same time, the embattled OEM continues to openly mull whether to pursue a new midmarket airplane (NMA), a potential 757-replacement. Discover Opportunity with ‘Two Thoroughbreds’ After Dubai, analysts say larger widebody opportuni- Commercial aviation suppliers should focus ties remain limited. “In widebody land, there was some Unparalleled Tracking of skepticism as to whether Boeing can simply move the on larger narrowbodies 787 rate back up to 14 a month in a couple of years given current demand trends, and so that could be something Global Military Fleets which he based his talks have changed since then, the most important factor has not: The 737 and Airbus A320 families of narrowbody Aircraft Growth—and Not Aviation Week Network’s Fleet Discovery Military jetliners continue to make up most of the World New Deliveries in 2018 CAGR CAGR CAGR Change Edition simplifi es tracking global military aircraft and (2019 $ billions) 2003-08 2008-14 2014-17 2017-18 growth in the aviation manufacturing sector. engines — piloted and unpiloted, fi xed wing and rotary By comparison, business jets, regional jets Large Jetliners $111.6 7.4% 9.9% 2.8% 4.3% — so you can discover new opportunities to grow your and helicopters are expected to remain mut- Business Aircraft 19.8 16.7 -1.9 -6.0 -1.4 ed markets, while Western military aircraft Regionals 6.2 3.9 -3.1 -4.3 -7.8 business. as a whole may peak in coming years. “It all comes down to really just two pro- Civil Rotorcraft 4.5 19.8 -2.0 -9.4 4.6 ● Featuring over 70,000 aircraft and 110,000 Military Rotorcraft 11.4 9.8 9.8 -9.3 -12.6 grams that are propelling things here,” he engines said in March. “This is the most targeted and Military Transports 6.0 3.2 -0.7 2.6 -5.2 in service with more than 400 military narrow upturn this industry has ever seen.” Fighters 18.6 1.6 0.8 1.0 3.9 operators. November’s Dubai Airshow confirms the All Civil 142.2 9.8 5.5 0.5 2.9 trend, and for suppliers, the ramifications ● Searchable and ﬁ lterable by aircraft, engine, are becoming clearer. Aerospace business All Military 39.9 3.7 4.1 -2.6 -2.9 category, mission, lift type, weight class and Total $182 8.0% 5.1% -0.2% 1.6% growth continues to be driven by the two more. narrowbody leaders and especially their Source: Teal Group larger variants. See for yourself how Fleet Discovery Military can “The Dubai Airshow reinforced our view of a trend that chips away at industry profit and cash estimates toward the middle for airliners,” Bloomberg Intelligence if the rate has to come down again,” Vertical Research help you track aircraft and engines so you never analysts George Ferguson and Francois Duflot said on Partners wrote on Nov. 22. miss a business opportunity. Nov. 22. “Large widebodies showed how out of favor Inside the supply chain, opinions differ on how diver- they are, as Emirates canceled some of its 777 orders sified a supplier should be. Some CEOs think a myriad in favor of smaller, long-range aircraft. The future of the of revenue streams is critical to business sustainability; narrowbody seems to be larger and longer, as Airbus’ others see the benefits of focused factories. But practi- new XLR continued to take orders.” cally all executives will say the key is to be a supplier To learn more, go to Indeed, for an airshow that traditionally has served on the right programs, and not just a widget-maker for as an extravaganza for larger widebodies because of anybody who wants to come along and build an airplane. pgs.aviationweek.com/FDMilitary Middle Eastern airlines’ strategies, several analysts According to Teal’s Aboulafia, only large jetliners and took note of the new direction. military fighters have shown compound annual growth Or call: “Most notable are the first orders for the MAX since rates (CAGR) over the years (see table). While the 737 Anne McMahon +1 646 291 6353 the grounding,” Jefferies analyst Sheila Kahyaoglu and and A320 have their issues, the two programs remain Thom Clayton +44 (0) 20 7017 6106 her team wrote on Nov. 20. “The Emirates order also the favorites without a doubt and are increasingly set- points to balanced demand for smaller widebodies rela- ting themselves apart from all the rest. tive to larger aircraft.” “If you are exposed to these products, you are a hap- Canaccord Genuity analyst Ken Herbert agrees that py supplier,” Aboulafia said in one of his spring presen- larger narrowbodies and smaller widebodies were the tations. “Everything outside the two thoroughbreds are airshow’s highlights. “We believe the Boeing 737 MAX just milling around in circles.” c

14 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst COMMENTARY AIRLINE INTEL JENS FLOTTAU

EVER SEEN THIS ADDRESS: missing is the next strategic step. That is where Delta 717 S. Desplaines St., Chicago, Illi- is ahead. Its investments in markets important to it are nois, 60607? No surprise if not, be- scaring its competitors, even when the potential tar- cause it isn’t in an area the occasional get is such a malfunctioning company as Alitalia. Delta Chicago visitor would see. It is on the eastern outskirts managed to eclipse other carriers in Latin America of downtown, an industrial-looking place between old through its proposed investment in LATAM Airlines. and new warehouses and parking lots, the city’s impres- It already has a foothold in Europe and China. sive skyline already at a distance. It is also where United Delta is thinking beyond alliances, making them Airlines is training for change. almost obsolete and replacing them with something The hangar, called Backstage by the airline, is a trans- stronger. And it isn’t the only carrier doing that: Qatar formation tool and a legacy of CEO Oscar Munoz, who Airways has bought stakes in LATAM and Cathay will become executive chairman in May and be succeed- Pacific and is the biggest shareholder in International ed as CEO by United President Scott Kirby. Thousands of employees have been channeled through the building to be shown what United wants to be about: good service, modern aircraft, comfortable cabins (at least on par with Keeping Up the the industry’s leading carriers) and more digital and smarter operations. Needless to say, United had to transform Momentum itself. Its reputation for treating customers was horrible, its on-time performance lagged, and the fleet was old, as was the look of its cabins. It was losing out in the U.S. domestic market to rivals American Airlines and Delta Air Lines despite its hubs being in the best locations imaginable—Chicago, Denver, Hous- ton, Newark (New Jersey), San Francisco and Washington. The airline did not take enough advantage of what connectivity it could offer United Airlines is seeing positive change but through its biggest hubs. Even with major needs to formulate its next strategic step benefits from industry consolidation, United was less profitable than its peers.

Such turnarounds of large corporations are JOEPRIESAVIATION.NET never easy and never happen quickly. A lot of unrefurbished cabins continue to fly that are not com- Airlines Group (IAG). And now CEO Akbar Al Baker petitive internationally. But there are improvements, has raised the possibility of investing in Lufthansa. as many frequent-fliers will observe, to product stan- The German carrier reacted strongly: “We did not dards and on-time performance, among other things. privatize Lufthansa in Germany only to have it rena- Munoz and Kirby have managed to change the story tionalized in Qatar.” Its overblown reaction shows a line to an extent. measure of nervousness; after all, Qatar could simply Many wonder how United can make money with choose to buy stock on the market, and no one could its fast-growing fleet of Bombardier CRJ550s, region- stop it. On the other hand, Al Baker dropped the idea al jets with space for 70 seats that are being used in of buying a stake in American after that carrier’s man- 50-seat layouts including 10 in first class, 20 in econ- agement made it abundantly it clear it was not in favor. omy plus and 20 in regular economy. The usage indi- But back to United: Given the level of profitability of cates the airline is betting on convincing premium the U.S. airline industry, Delta should not be the only customers with an upgraded product, an interesting one spending money on things other than aircraft. concept for airlines accustomed to slimming down of- United owns a stake in Azul and has indirect control ferings so they can compete with low-fare carriers. An- of Avianca Holdings, but collective bargaining agree- other topic of discussion is what United’s large Airbus ments with pilots limit its flexibility to control other A321XLR order means for the industry (see page 32). carriers, even if it could find a way to handle owner- As far as delays and cancellations are concerned, ship and control regulations. These limitations did not American’s reputation is now suffering from many dis- really hurt in the past; executives were busy turning ruptions. around an airline without much money to invest in So is all well again with United? the first place. But, again, things have changed—and Over the last few years, management has put the they will have to continue to change if United wants to house in better order by focusing inward. What is still maintain its positive momentum. c

16 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst Book before December 20 COMMENTARY Registration Now Open! to save $400! AIRLINE INTEL aeroenginesusa.com/register JENS FLOTTAU

EVER SEEN THIS ADDRESS: missing is the next strategic step. That is where Delta 717 S. Desplaines St., Chicago, Illi- is ahead. Its investments in markets important to it are nois, 60607? No surprise if not, be- scaring its competitors, even when the potential tar- cause it isn’t in an area the occasional get is such a malfunctioning company as Alitalia. Delta Chicago visitor would see. It is on the eastern outskirts managed to eclipse other carriers in Latin America of downtown, an industrial-looking place between old through its proposed investment in LATAM Airlines. and new warehouses and parking lots, the city’s impres- It already has a foothold in Europe and China. sive skyline already at a distance. It is also where United Delta is thinking beyond alliances, making them Airlines is training for change. almost obsolete and replacing them with something The hangar, called Backstage by the airline, is a trans- stronger. And it isn’t the only carrier doing that: Qatar formation tool and a legacy of CEO Oscar Munoz, who Airways has bought stakes in LATAM and Cathay FEBRUARY 4-5, 2020 will become executive chairman in May and be succeed- Pacific and is the biggest shareholder in International ed as CEO by United President Scott Kirby. JW MARRIOTT TURNBERRY Thousands of employees have been channeled MIAMI, USA through the building to be shown what United wants to be about: good service, modern aircraft, comfortable cabins (at least on par with Keeping Up the the industry’s leading carriers) and more digital and smarter operations. Momentum Needless to say, United had to transform DEVELOPING itself. Its reputation for treating customers was horrible, its on-time performance lagged, and the fleet was old, as was the look of its INNOVATIVE ENGINE cabins. It was losing out in the U.S. domestic market to rivals American Airlines and Delta Air Lines despite its hubs being in the best lo- STRATEGIES AND cations imaginable—Chicago, Denver, Hous- ton, Newark (New Jersey), San Francisco and Washington. The airline did not take enough BUSINESS MODELS advantage of what connectivity it could offer United Airlines is seeing positive change but through its biggest hubs. Even with major needs to formulate its next strategic step benefits from industry consolidation, United FOR A CONSTANTLY was less profitable than its peers.

Such turnarounds of large corporations are JOEPRIESAVIATION.NET never easy and never happen quickly. A lot of EVOLVING INDUSTRY unrefurbished cabins continue to fly that are not com- Airlines Group (IAG). And now CEO Akbar Al Baker petitive internationally. But there are improvements, has raised the possibility of investing in Lufthansa. as many frequent-fliers will observe, to product stan- The German carrier reacted strongly: “We did not HEAR FROM AERO-ENGINE EXPERTS INCLUDING: dards and on-time performance, among other things. privatize Lufthansa in Germany only to have it rena- Munoz and Kirby have managed to change the story tionalized in Qatar.” Its overblown reaction shows a line to an extent. measure of nervousness; after all, Qatar could simply Many wonder how United can make money with choose to buy stock on the market, and no one could its fast-growing fleet of Bombardier CRJ550s, region- stop it. On the other hand, Al Baker dropped the idea al jets with space for 70 seats that are being used in of buying a stake in American after that carrier’s man- 50-seat layouts including 10 in first class, 20 in econ- agement made it abundantly it clear it was not in favor. omy plus and 20 in regular economy. The usage indi- But back to United: Given the level of profitability of William Abbott Bob Matson Ken Newton Nigel Sainsbury cates the airline is betting on convincing premium the U.S. airline industry, Delta should not be the only Director of Engine Vendor VP Technical Services & Director of Supply Customer Support Programs Engine Programs Chain Operations Director Ð MRO customers with an upgraded product, an interesting one spending money on things other than aircraft. United Airlines Willis Lease Finance Corp Alaska Airlines Airbus concept for airlines accustomed to slimming down of- United owns a stake in Azul and has indirect control ferings so they can compete with low-fare carriers. An- of Avianca Holdings, but collective bargaining agree- other topic of discussion is what United’s large Airbus ments with pilots limit its flexibility to control other Host Sponsor Lead Sponsors Sponsors A321XLR order means for the industry (see page 32). carriers, even if it could find a way to handle owner- As far as delays and cancellations are concerned, ship and control regulations. These limitations did not American’s reputation is now suffering from many dis- really hurt in the past; executives were busy turning ruptions. around an airline without much money to invest in So is all well again with United? the first place. But, again, things have changed—and Over the last few years, management has put the they will have to continue to change if United wants to Supporters Ofﬁ cial Publication house in better order by focusing inward. What is still maintain its positive momentum. c

16 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst SUSTAINABILITY FLYING LIKE BIRDS > AIRBUS LAUNCHES WAKE-RIDING DEMO PROJECT > UP TO 10% LESS FUEL BURN IN A380 TESTS > AIRLINES TO PARTICIPATE IN TRIALS

Airbus plans to start wake uplift trials in 2020.

Jens Flottau Dubai and Graham Warwick Washington he air transport industry is under immense public pressure to reduce its environmental footprint and reverse a negative trend resulting from its rapid growth since the Tend of the global financial crisis 10 years ago. As one of many initiatives, Airbus is now trying to turn an old proposal into reality: enabling aircraft to ride the wake vortex of a preceding airplane to reduce fuel consumption.

The manufacturer’s Fello’fly project, Airbus’ plan to demonstrate the presented at the recent Dubai Airshow, technical, operational and commer- is geared toward testing the technical cial viability of reducing commercial feasibility of the concept while address- aircraft emissions through formation By flying in the upwash from the ing as many operational issues as pos- flying on long-haul flights builds on wingtip vortex shed by the lead air- sible that may arise with airlines, air tests by NASA and the U.S. Air Force craft, the trailing aircraft can retrim to traffic management and regulators. that show wake surfing improves fuel a lower angle of attack. This helps by re- “Birds use the updraft of the bird efficiency. ducing induced drag and therefore the flying ahead of them,” says Sandra On formation flights by two Boeing engine thrust and fuel flow required to Bour Schaeffer, CEO of Airbus UpNext C-17 airlifters between California and maintain speed. and head of the company’s technology Hawaii in July 2013, the trailing aircraft The attraction of the technique is demonstrator programs. “There is lots averaged a 10% fuel saving. The poten- that it can be employed by existing air- of kinetic energy that is lost today, but tial for reducing drag by wake surfing craft with minimal modification. we want to benefit from it in the future,” was shown by NASA in 2001—using Airbus does not like to call the she explains. F/A-18 fighters flying manually and au- concept formation flying because it Taking advantage of the wake up- tomatically in close formation, achiev- implies a proximity of the aircraft draft, the following aircraft can save ing a 14% fuel saving—and by NASA that may raise safety concerns and 5-10% of fuel by flying 1.5-2 nm behind and the Air Force in 2010, using C-17s create uneasiness with passengers. the preceding one, according to Air- that were largely manually flown in ex- However, the International Civil Avi- bus calculations. “[The concept] has tended formation, saving 7-8%. ation Organization (ICAO) refers to huge potential and is a very tangible Airbus itself tested the idea using two formations in a new working paper solution,” Bour Schaeffer says. “The A380s. The flights delivered fuel-burn and reaffirms Airbus’ idea. “While air is quite smooth and therefore it savings of 12%. With the announcement wake turbulence is commonly con- is practical. There is no impact on of the Fello’fly program, work on wake sidered as a threat for commercial passenger comfort.” She also points surfing is returning to Europe. The con- airplanes, this concept aims at tak- out that the introduction of Airbus’ cept of reducing drag by flying in for- ing benefit from the energy contained “sharklets” on the A320neo required mation was first demonstrated in Ger- in trailing vortices, without compro- substantial structural changes to the many in 1995 using a pair of Dornier Do mising safety (which is paramount),” aircraft and delivered a much smaller, 28s, during which the trailing aircraft reads the working paper presented to 3-4%, reduction in fuel burn. achieved a 10% power reduction. the recent 40th ICAO Assembly, held

18 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst SUSTAINABILITY

Sept. 24-Oct. 2. “Thus, positioning a of wake display for the pilot and mea- be expanded to include more than two trailing aircraft in a right way in the sured aileron and rudder displacements aircraft, but Bour Schaeffer says the area where the vortex pushes air up- to assess the impact on the actuators. trials are being limited to two to reduce ward enables the trailing aircraft to There are, however, operational complexity. save over 10% fuel.” limitations to the idea. The concept’s The timeline suggested by Airbus FLYING LIKE BIRDS The objective of the U.S. Air Force advantages play out best over long is quite aggressive. Bour Schaeffer Research Laboratory’s (AFRL) Surfing routes, so transatlantic or transpacific anticipates that the concept could be > AIRBUS LAUNCHES WAKE-RIDING DEMO PROJECT Aircraft Vortices for Energy ($AVE) crossings could be the ideal environ- used for routine commercial oceanic flights in 2013 was to automate for- ments. On short-haul services, among flights by 2025. “We have lots of ques- UP TO 10% LESS FUEL BURN IN A380 TESTS mation flying and show double-digit the many factors inhibiting success tions to answer, but we believe we can > fuel-burn savings with only software are the brevity of the cruise portion make it a reality,” she says. Initially modifications while not affecting the of flights and scheduling. An AFRL focused on Airbus, the platform is > AIRLINES TO PARTICIPATE IN TRIALS aircraft, engines or crew workload. study in 2016 predicted fuel-burn re- to be opened to include other man- The mission computer was enhanced ductions up to 7% for a C-17 on routes ufacturers’ aircraft. The approach with the C-17’s formation-flight system, more than 4,000 nm Nonetheless, the Airbus is developing involves pilot as- which uses the traffic collision avoid- study said the savings were reduced sistance functions required to ensure ance system data link to enable auton- if it had to wait for the other aircraft the aircraft remains positioned in the omous tracking of the lead aircraft. The to join the formation or hold so they updraft from the aircraft it is follow-

Airbus plans to start wake uplift trials in 2020. AIRBUS wake was not sensed; rather the vortex could land simultaneously. ing—in other words, maintaining the location was predicted by aerodynamic The study found there were forma- same safe distance apart while at a analysis and wind measurements. tion-flight benefits for route lengths steady altitude. The current flight Jens Flottau Dubai and Graham Warwick Washington In December 2017, NASA demon- greater than 3,000 nm but also noted control systems will need software modification, but no other changes he air transport industry is under immense public pres- are needed, she says, adding: “The sure to reduce its environmental footprint and reverse a flight control system will be able to find the right position [for the follow- negative trend resulting from its rapid growth since the ing aircraft].” end of the global financial crisis 10 years ago. As one of Technical concerns to be tackled T Flying in the outer, include: reliably predicting wake loca- many initiatives, Airbus is now trying to turn an old proposal into tion, ensuring that wear and tear on reality: enabling aircraft to ride the wake vortex of a preceding updraft region of the vortex wake airframe and actuators from flying in the vortex does not reduce life and in- airplane to reduce fuel consumption. reduces drag. crease maintenance, and avoiding any The manufacturer’s Fello’fly project, Airbus’ plan to demonstrate the impact on passenger ride quality. presented at the recent Dubai Airshow, technical, operational and commer- Among the open items is certify- is geared toward testing the technical cial viability of reducing commercial ing aircraft for shorter separation. feasibility of the concept while address- aircraft emissions through formation By flying in the upwash from the The availability of ADS-B in oceanic ing as many operational issues as pos- flying on long-haul flights builds on wingtip vortex shed by the lead air- airspace is an important enabler of sible that may arise with airlines, air tests by NASA and the U.S. Air Force craft, the trailing aircraft can retrim to the concept because it allows closer traffic management and regulators. that show wake surfing improves fuel a lower angle of attack. This helps by re- tracking of aircraft. Airlines will also “Birds use the updraft of the bird efficiency. ducing induced drag and therefore the find ways to make the idea work in dai- flying ahead of them,” says Sandra On formation flights by two Boeing engine thrust and fuel flow required to ly operational conditions—potentially Bour Schaeffer, CEO of Airbus UpNext C-17 airlifters between California and maintain speed. strated the application to commercial by adjusting schedules. and head of the company’s technology Hawaii in July 2013, the trailing aircraft The attraction of the technique is aircraft by flying two Gulfstream IIIs A “new end-to-end operational con- U.S. AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY demonstrator programs. “There is lots averaged a 10% fuel saving. The poten- that it can be employed by existing air- in formation. Automatic dependent cept has to be developed to ensure of kinetic energy that is lost today, but tial for reducing drag by wake surfing craft with minimal modification. surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) “In” a significant reduction in the savings seamless integration of automated we want to benefit from it in the future,” was shown by NASA in 2001—using Airbus does not like to call the messages from the lead aircraft were achieved if the trailing aircraft was formation flight operations in the air she explains. F/A-18 fighters flying manually and au- concept formation flying because it fed into the trailing aircraft’s autopi- required to carry fuel reserves that as- traffic management environment and Taking advantage of the wake up- tomatically in close formation, achiev- implies a proximity of the aircraft lot. Again the vortex location was sumed no formation benefit. airspace users’ operations,” ICAO says. draft, the following aircraft can save ing a 14% fuel saving—and by NASA that may raise safety concerns and predicted. Airbus plans to start technical fea- “New separation schemes have to be 5-10% of fuel by flying 1.5-2 nm behind and the Air Force in 2010, using C-17s create uneasiness with passengers. In the F/A-18 flights flown by NASA sibility flights in 2020 using two of its introduced to update current stan- the preceding one, according to Air- that were largely manually flown in ex- However, the International Civil Avi- in 2001, the aircraft flew 150 ft. apart. own Airbus A350s, building on earlier dards in cruise, whatever the airspace bus calculations. “[The concept] has tended formation, saving 7-8%. ation Organization (ICAO) refers to For the $AVE trials, separation was tests conducted by A380s. A year later, environment.” huge potential and is a very tangible Airbus itself tested the idea using two formations in a new working paper relaxed to 3,000-8,000 ft. to reduce the manufacturer wants to start oper- While Airbus believes the idea can solution,” Bour Schaeffer says. “The A380s. The flights delivered fuel-burn and reaffirms Airbus’ idea. “While pilot workload. The Gulfstreams flew ational trials on transatlantic flight in become an operational reality within air is quite smooth and therefore it savings of 12%. With the announcement wake turbulence is commonly con- 4,000 ft. apart, and cabin noise as well cooperation with airlines. Bour Schaef- the next five years, ICAO sees 10 years is practical. There is no impact on of the Fello’fly program, work on wake sidered as a threat for commercial as vibra tion in the trailing aircraft were fer says two carriers have signed up for as a more realistic planning horizon passenger comfort.” She also points surfing is returning to Europe. The con- airplanes, this concept aims at tak- measured to assess the impact of vortex cooperation deals, but she declined to and warns that even that is optimistic, out that the introduction of Airbus’ cept of reducing drag by flying in for- ing benefit from the energy contained turbulence on passenger ride quality. reveal who they are. given its own workload limitations. As “sharklets” on the A320neo required mation was first demonstrated in Ger- in trailing vortices, without compro- In addition to testing the 1090 MHz Airbus is to provide concepts to oper- a specialized agency of the United Na- substantial structural changes to the many in 1995 using a pair of Dornier Do mising safety (which is paramount),” ADS-B data link for cooperative-trajec- ators about how to make the idea work tions, the organization suggests new aircraft and delivered a much smaller, 28s, during which the trailing aircraft reads the working paper presented to tory operations and wake surfing, the but declines to reveal details. In prin- ways of cooperation between states to 3-4%, reduction in fuel burn. achieved a 10% power reduction. the recent 40th ICAO Assembly, held Gulfstream flights tested different types ciple, the flying-together concept can accelerate the process. c

18 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 19 CONNECTED AEROSPACE

Future Flight Management System To from a potential threat in the open world, retrieving data is done at the Cope With More Complex Airspace EFB level. The PureFlyt software program also runs on the EFB (not nec- > THALES’ IN-DEVELOPMENT FMS TO HARNESS EFB CONNECTIVITY essarily Thales’ Aviobook), where the crew works out an intended fl ightpath. > COMPUTING POWER TO HANDLE MORE THAN ONE FLIGHTPATH Elements of the preparation—done before or during the fl ight—are sent to Thierry Dubois Toulouse the FMS from the EFB, which is not a certifi ed piece of equipment. The FMS sually, a pilot’s fi ngers use inter- that make increased airspace complex- then computes the trajectory with the faces. But in one particular in- ity feasible—to the benefi t of capacity required integrity. Ustance they are the interface— and, to a lesser extent, the environ- Another feature is in trajectory man- between the electronic fl ight bag (or ment. agement—PureFlyt can handle more EFB if the cockpit is so equipped) and Thales has yet to bring it to a certifi - than one fl ightpath. If air tra c control the fl ight management system (FMS). able level and fi nd customers. One les- (ATC) asks the crew to alter its route The EFB is a user-friendly device for son seems to have been learned from a temporarily, the FMS will maintain a pilots to prepare for their fl ights and parallel development, the FlytX fl ight plan to return to the initial route. Once also fi nd information in fl ight such as deck. Ready for entry into service from ATC authorizes the crew to return to an airport chart. The FMS can be lik- 2022 on regional aircraft, business jets, their intended trajectory, the pilots will ened to the brain of the aircraft, as it military transports and helicopters, it be able to do so with one click. is connected to 30 or so systems and has struggled to find an application, Advanced trajectory management creates the planned fl ightpath. But it partly due to a dearth of new aircraft will also give the crew the ability to can be cumbersome to program. programs. The fi rst customer is Airbus prepare an optimized flightpath and The two systems have been kept sep- Helicopters, for a military rotorcraft switch to the hoped-for trajectory as soon as ATC allows it. Rerouting to avoid a thunderstorm is automated. THALES Pilots will spend more time “eyes out,” says Peter Hitchcock, Thales’ vice president for commercial avionics. The trajectory management function is expected to be all the more useful as aircraft become more closely spaced due to tra c growth and progress in air tra c management. Trajec- tories around airports are predicted to become more complex because of noise-mitigation rules. Thanks to all the possibilities for trajectory optimization, Thales calculates an average of 4% of fuel will be saved on each fl ight. Benefi ting from multicore computer technology, the new FMS will calculate Thales is betting on the retro t market for a new route 5-10 times faster than to- its future ight management system to gain day. “So the pilot does not have to wait maximum exposure in the pilot community. for the aircraft to catch up to make a decision,” says Hitchcock. arate because they meet di erent stan- scheduled to enter into service in 2026. Thales’ design engineers estimate dards; the FMS needs to be extremely The plan for PureFlyt starts with most of the functions are at technolo- reliable and is thus expensive equip- o ering it via retrofi t on commercial gy readiness level (TRL) 7-8—system/ ment. Yet their disconnection means aircraft. Thales hopes enough opera- subsystem development—while a few pilots duplicate some work. tors and pilots will enjoy the system to are below TRL 5, at a research stage. Thales hopes for a three-pronged ad- require it on Airbus’ next cleansheet Airline pilots arrive to try the ground vance by connecting the EFB to the in- design. Thales has supplied the FMS demonstrator in Toulouse every week, ternet, upgrading the FMS’ computing for three Airbus types—the A320, according to company executives. power to today’s standards, and linking A330 and A340. The first flight of a prototype is the two. The idea is to make pilots more One of PureFlyt’s main features is planned for early in 2020. Progress comfortable with fl ightpath changes, the use of “open-world” data such as has been made since the in-develop- increase safety with infl ight informa- weather updates from a source on the ment FMS was introduced in June, in- tion updates and ultimately improve a internet. The FMS therefore “sees” cluding in connectivity, cybersecurity route’s fuel e ciency. weather from much farther away than and automated rerouting, according to If successful in the market, the the onboard weather radar does. Thales’ engineers. Entry into service PureFlyt FMS may be one of the tools To keep the avionics segregated could take place from 2024. c

AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst CONNECTED AEROSPACE Registration Future Flight Management System To from a potential threat in the open NOW OPEN! world, retrieving data is done at the Cope With More Complex Airspace EFB level. The PureFlyt software program also runs on the EFB (not nec- > THALES’ IN-DEVELOPMENT FMS TO HARNESS EFB CONNECTIVITY essarily Thales’ Aviobook), where the crew works out an intended fl ightpath. > COMPUTING POWER TO HANDLE MORE THAN ONE FLIGHTPATH Elements of the preparation—done before or during the fl ight—are sent to Thierry Dubois Toulouse the FMS from the EFB, which is not a certifi ed piece of equipment. The FMS sually, a pilot’s fi ngers use inter- that make increased airspace complex- then computes the trajectory with the faces. But in one particular in- ity feasible—to the benefi t of capacity required integrity. Ustance they are the interface— and, to a lesser extent, the environ- Another feature is in trajectory man- between the electronic fl ight bag (or ment. agement—PureFlyt can handle more EFB if the cockpit is so equipped) and Thales has yet to bring it to a certifi - than one fl ightpath. If air tra c control the fl ight management system (FMS). able level and fi nd customers. One les- (ATC) asks the crew to alter its route The EFB is a user-friendly device for son seems to have been learned from a temporarily, the FMS will maintain a pilots to prepare for their fl ights and parallel development, the FlytX fl ight plan to return to the initial route. Once also fi nd information in fl ight such as deck. Ready for entry into service from ATC authorizes the crew to return to MARCH 9, 2020 an airport chart. The FMS can be lik- 2022 on regional aircraft, business jets, their intended trajectory, the pilots will ened to the brain of the aircraft, as it military transports and helicopters, it be able to do so with one click. Beverly Wilshire (A Four Seasons Hotel) is connected to 30 or so systems and has struggled to find an application, Advanced trajectory management Beverly Hills, CA creates the planned fl ightpath. But it partly due to a dearth of new aircraft will also give the crew the ability to can be cumbersome to program. programs. The fi rst customer is Airbus prepare an optimized flightpath and The two systems have been kept sep- Helicopters, for a military rotorcraft switch to the hoped-for trajectory as soon as ATC allows it. Rerouting to avoid a thunderstorm is automated. THALES Pilots will spend more time “eyes out,” says Peter Hitchcock, Thales’ vice president for commercial avionics. The trajectory management function is expected to be all the more useful as aircraft become more closely spaced due to tra c growth and progress in air tra c management. Trajec- tories around airports are predicted to become more complex because of noise-mitigation rules. Thanks to all the possibilities for trajectory optimization, Thales calculates an average of 4% of fuel will be saved on each fl ight. Benefi ting from multicore computer technology, the new FMS will calculate MARCH 9-11, 2020 Thales is betting on the retro t market for a new route 5-10 times faster than to- its future ight management system to gain day. “So the pilot does not have to wait Beverly Wilshire (A Four Seasons Hotel) maximum exposure in the pilot community. for the aircraft to catch up to make a Beverly Hills, CA decision,” says Hitchcock. arate because they meet di erent stan- scheduled to enter into service in 2026. Thales’ design engineers estimate dards; the FMS needs to be extremely The plan for PureFlyt starts with most of the functions are at technolo- reliable and is thus expensive equip- o ering it via retrofi t on commercial gy readiness level (TRL) 7-8—system/ ment. Yet their disconnection means aircraft. Thales hopes enough opera- subsystem development—while a few Join Us at these Upcoming A&D Events Conference Delegate Profile: pilots duplicate some work. tors and pilots will enjoy the system to are below TRL 5, at a research stage. Thales hopes for a three-pronged ad- require it on Airbus’ next cleansheet Airline pilots arrive to try the ground Delegates at both the Aerospace Raw Materials & Manufacturers Supply Chain 2% 10% 26% Other vance by connecting the EFB to the in- design. Thales has supplied the FMS demonstrator in Toulouse every week, Conference and Commercial Aviation Industry Suppliers Conference will hear C-Level Executives ternet, upgrading the FMS’ computing for three Airbus types—the A320, according to company executives. from industry experts and manufacturers on the state of the industry, material and Managers 14% power to today’s standards, and linking A330 and A340. The first flight of a prototype is technology advancements, and achievements. If you are interested in having a the two. The idea is to make pilots more One of PureFlyt’s main features is planned for early in 2020. Progress Presidents better understanding of aircraft programs and their production cycles, market comfortable with fl ightpath changes, the use of “open-world” data such as has been made since the in-develop- increase safety with infl ight informa- weather updates from a source on the ment FMS was introduced in June, in- forecasts and delivery updates, these are the Conferences you won’t want to miss. tion updates and ultimately improve a internet. The FMS therefore “sees” cluding in connectivity, cybersecurity route’s fuel e ciency. weather from much farther away than and automated rerouting, according to For more information, please visit: SpeedNews.com/conferences If successful in the market, the the onboard weather radar does. Thales’ engineers. Entry into service 20% 28% c VPS PureFlyt FMS may be one of the tools To keep the avionics segregated could take place from 2024. Directors

AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst SPACE

Space Debris-Removal and defunct, nonmaneuverable satellites can create chaos. Demos Gain Momentum Therefore ADR, which has pro - gressively been considered as more > SSTL AND ASTROSCALE LEADING DEBRIS-REMOVAL TECHNOLOGY relevant, is likely to become essential. A spectacular demonstration was > ACTIVE DEBRIS REMOVAL LACKS A BUSINESS CASE completed in January of 2019, when satellite manufacturer SSTL (an Thierry Dubois Bremen, Germany Airbus subsidiary) successfully conducted lidar and camera vision-based pace debris is one of the hu- rely on yet-to-be-issued regulations. navigation to a target object and val- man-made problems—along But Woerner argues, “we do not idated two devices to capture it—a Swith the climate crisis and the have the time” for rules to be written net and a harpoon. At the end of the oceans’ plastic pollution, among oth- and enforced. “We should not wait for EU-funded RemoveDebris mission, a er environmental issues—that keep a regulation; the good guys [take ac- dragsail was deployed to deorbit the growing despite persistent aware- tion] by themselves,” he says. spacecraft. ness. This may explain Jan Woerner’s Woerner asserts debris-mitigation In 2020, another demonstration is recent outburst. The director general programs should include three steps. planned, this time for a semi-autono- of the European Space Agency (ESA) In addition to on-orbit spacecraft ser- mous capture of a nonresponsive, tum- essentially said that every “good guy” vicing and ADR, Woerner says the bling satellite: Tokyo-based startup in the space industry has to take ac- problem should be addressed at the Astroscale will have its 16-kg (35-lb.) tion against debris. In other words, beginning of the production cycle. A Target and 180-kg Chaser spacecraft someone who does not act to deal with satellite should be designed to deor- performing a series of separation and debris should be seen as a bad guy. bit by itself, or its owner should hire a capture maneuvers. The ELSA-d mission will use a capture-extension ESA mechanism with a magnetic plate. A key challenge is dealing with the tumbling rate, and Astroscale is looking for a de-spinning technology, says John Auburn, Astroscale’s chief commercial officer. Effective Space, a startup head- Developing a busi- quartered in the UK and with a re - ness case for active search and development center in removal may help Israel, is designing an on-orbit service spacecraft first aimed at providing mitigate the growing satellite life-extension. In a second debris issue. phase, the Space Drone could perform ADR for large objects up to 10,000 kg After all, Woerner is one of the few company specializing in deorbiting, he in geostationary orbit. people in the space community who asserts. “Everybody should do that by But can ADR be profitable? ESA represents more than one company ethics,” he argues. and Oneweb are funding a project to or one country (ESA has 22 member This view is echoed by Max Lange, help Astroscale mature its technolo- states), so his exasperation reflects Airbus Defense and Space’s manager gy. Astroscale founder Nobu Okada genuine concern for the collective. for advanced projects and products. believes constellation operators will Counting space debris is mind-bog- “Who pays for something that is ex- become its customers to keep their gling. As of January 2019, 3,050 nonop- pensive and benefits everybody a little orbits clear of their defunct satel- erational satellites were in orbit—61% bit?” he asks rhetorically. lites, while governments should pay of the total. Due to events such as ex- While not a binding regulation, the for the rest of ADR. Auburn predicts plosions and collisions, 34,000 debris ISO standard for space debris has breakeven could be reached in 2-7 objects larger than 10 cm (4 in.) long become stricter. This year, it has set years, depending on the respective are in orbit. There are also 900,000 the required reliability level at 90% contributions of the institutional and objects between 1-10 cm, which can be for end-of-life satellite deorbiting. A commercial markets, the former being harmful as well. spacecraft in low Earth orbit may no seen as more promising. He is plan- Woerner’s statement, made on longer be disposed of above 2,000 km, ning on up to 200 commercial mis- the eve of a key ESA meeting at the meaning it has to deorbit. sions per year. ministerial level, came as technology But in the evolving era of mega-con- Governments should help “prime demonstrations for active debris re- stellations, the 90% or even the 95% the pump,” says David Henri, found- moval (ADR) are gaining momentum. reliability some operators claim may er and CEO of propulsion specialist Meanwhile, some companies believe a not be enough. In a typical constella- Exotrail. Institutional missions will business case can be found for satellite tion of 10,000 satellites, 1% equates to prompt companies to develop new end-of-life servicing and ADR. Howev- 100 spacecraft. The pattern of trajec- technologies, and first entrants will er, these business cases at least partly tory-crossing in polar regions is dense, have an advantage, he says. c

22 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst SPACE

Space Debris-Removal and defunct, nonmaneuverable satellites can create chaos. Demos Gain Momentum Therefore ADR, which has pro - gressively been considered as more > SSTL AND ASTROSCALE LEADING DEBRIS-REMOVAL TECHNOLOGY relevant, is likely to become essential. A spectacular demonstration was > ACTIVE DEBRIS REMOVAL LACKS A BUSINESS CASE completed in January of 2019, when satellite manufacturer SSTL (an Thierry Dubois Bremen, Germany Airbus subsidiary) successfully conducted lidar and camera vision-based pace debris is one of the hu- rely on yet-to-be-issued regulations. navigation to a target object and val- man-made problems—along But Woerner argues, “we do not idated two devices to capture it—a Swith the climate crisis and the have the time” for rules to be written net and a harpoon. At the end of the oceans’ plastic pollution, among oth- and enforced. “We should not wait for EU-funded RemoveDebris mission, a er environmental issues—that keep a regulation; the good guys [take ac- dragsail was deployed to deorbit the growing despite persistent aware- tion] by themselves,” he says. spacecraft. ness. This may explain Jan Woerner’s Woerner asserts debris-mitigation In 2020, another demonstration is recent outburst. The director general programs should include three steps. planned, this time for a semi-autono- of the European Space Agency (ESA) In addition to on-orbit spacecraft ser- mous capture of a nonresponsive, tum- essentially said that every “good guy” vicing and ADR, Woerner says the bling satellite: Tokyo-based startup in the space industry has to take ac- problem should be addressed at the Astroscale will have its 16-kg (35-lb.) tion against debris. In other words, beginning of the production cycle. A Target and 180-kg Chaser spacecraft someone who does not act to deal with satellite should be designed to deor- performing a series of separation and debris should be seen as a bad guy. bit by itself, or its owner should hire a capture maneuvers. The ELSA-d mission will use a capture-extension ESA mechanism with a magnetic plate. A key challenge is dealing with the tumbling rate, and Astroscale is looking for a de-spinning technology, says John Auburn, Astroscale’s chief commercial officer. Effective Space, a startup head- Developing a busi- quartered in the UK and with a re - ness case for active search and development center in removal may help Israel, is designing an on-orbit service spacecraft first aimed at providing mitigate the growing satellite life-extension. In a second debris issue. phase, the Space Drone could perform ADR for large objects up to 10,000 kg After all, Woerner is one of the few company specializing in deorbiting, he in geostationary orbit. people in the space community who asserts. “Everybody should do that by But can ADR be profitable? ESA represents more than one company ethics,” he argues. and Oneweb are funding a project to or one country (ESA has 22 member This view is echoed by Max Lange, help Astroscale mature its technolo- states), so his exasperation reflects Airbus Defense and Space’s manager gy. Astroscale founder Nobu Okada genuine concern for the collective. for advanced projects and products. believes constellation operators will Counting space debris is mind-bog- “Who pays for something that is ex- become its customers to keep their ● gling. As of January 2019, 3,050 nonop- pensive and benefits everybody a little orbits clear of their defunct satel- erational satellites were in orbit—61% bit?” he asks rhetorically. lites, while governments should pay of the total. Due to events such as ex- While not a binding regulation, the for the rest of ADR. Auburn predicts ● plosions and collisions, 34,000 debris ISO standard for space debris has breakeven could be reached in 2-7 objects larger than 10 cm (4 in.) long become stricter. This year, it has set years, depending on the respective are in orbit. There are also 900,000 the required reliability level at 90% contributions of the institutional and ● objects between 1-10 cm, which can be for end-of-life satellite deorbiting. A commercial markets, the former being harmful as well. spacecraft in low Earth orbit may no seen as more promising. He is plan- Woerner’s statement, made on longer be disposed of above 2,000 km, ning on up to 200 commercial mis- the eve of a key ESA meeting at the meaning it has to deorbit. sions per year. ministerial level, came as technology But in the evolving era of mega-con- Governments should help “prime demonstrations for active debris re- stellations, the 90% or even the 95% the pump,” says David Henri, found- moval (ADR) are gaining momentum. reliability some operators claim may er and CEO of propulsion specialist Meanwhile, some companies believe a not be enough. In a typical constella- Exotrail. Institutional missions will business case can be found for satellite tion of 10,000 satellites, 1% equates to prompt companies to develop new end-of-life servicing and ADR. Howev- 100 spacecraft. The pattern of trajec- technologies, and first entrants will er, these business cases at least partly tory-crossing in polar regions is dense, have an advantage, he says. c

22 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst DEFENSE > UAE bomb investment p. 26 Monitoring motor and munition health p. 27 NATO eyes China p. 28 Threats and uncertainty in Middle East p. 29 Tempest Taker

> PROGRAM FLEXIBILITY OFFERS A PATH TO JAPANESE PARTICIPATION > EVEN THE AIRFRAME COULD BE DIFFERENT

Bradley Perrett Tokyo apan says it wants international collaboration in developing its JFuture Fighter for the 2030s, AE EEAS but it wants to lead the project despite limited experience in fi ghter development. And it aims at a fi ghter much ment on the prospect of Japan joining to launching full-scale development of larger than any operated by a Western Tempest. the Tempest before 2025, but its date European country; the U.S. is not o er- Newly appointed Defense Minister for entry into service in 2035 meets ing a possible joint project. Taro Kono seemed to play down the Japan’s objective, which is sometime That seems to leave only the choice possibility of participation in a Europe- in the 2030s. Meanwhile, the FCAS of indigenous development, perhaps an program, telling The Financial Times program is aiming at 2040. with help from a foreign technical Japan should explore all possibilities Sweden and Italy are cooperating partner. but needs to maintain interoperability with the UK during the current early Nevertheless, participation in the with U.S. forces. Storr addressed that stage of Tempest research, while Spain UK’s Tempest program may also be point, noting that working with the U.S. has joined France and Germany for feasible. The Tempest project—which is a high priority for the UK, too. FCAS work. includes the Royal Air Force, BAE Japan’s alternative to internation- Like Storr, BAE has stressed the Systems, Rolls-Royce and MBDA— al cooperation is developing a fi ghter advantages of partners taking only has a cooperation concept that leaves by itself with the technical help of a as much of the Tempest as they want. scope for Japan and other partners foreign company. Lockheed Martin is “There is a range of di erent partner- to use their own systems, weapons, supporting the Korea Aerospace In- ship models that can be considered,” propulsion and even airframes, says dustries KF-X, and BAE is helping the says Andy Latham, who is working on Air Cdre. Daniel Storr, head of combat Turkish Aerospace Industries TF-X in the program. “Japan has some great aircraft acquisition at the UK Defense such an arrangement. technology that any partner can ben- Ministry. By working with Lockheed Martin, efit from. Their avionics industry is The model described by Storr gives Boeing or Northrop Grumman, Tokyo pretty e ective.” Japan the fl exibility to choose the size would partially compensate the U.S. The cooperation concept replaces of its own fighter. Though evidently for its expenditures in defending Ja- the standard model, one in which part- not an objective, this mix-and-match pan. But the U.S. would gain little from ners spend years negotiating and com- approach also creates an opportunity technical support fees, and Japan is al- promising to defi ne a design that all of for Japan to continue to claim devel- ready committed to buying 147 Lock- them must accept. Instead, according opment leadership—but also to save heed Martin F-35 Lightnings as the to Storr, they can save time and money money by sharing systems. aircraft to precede the Future Fighter. by agreeing to disagree—to the extent The policy goal of running its own The defense ministry has asked for that each is willing to pay the extra fi ghter program, stated in 2018, has development of the Future Fighter to cost of independent development and looked like a big obstacle to Japan’s be launched in the fi scal year begin- manufacturing of design elements. participation in the Tempest or the ning April 2020. It is not clear wheth- The Japanese defense ministry’s Future Combat Air System (FCAS) er that means mobilizing resources to studies point to a need for a very big project initiated by France and Ger- commence full-scale development or fighter with an empty weight well many. But if the Future Fighter shared taking some lesser step to fi rm up the above 20 metric tons (44,000 lb.), larg- only some features with Tempest, Ja- commitment to create the aircraft. er than the Lockheed Martin F-22 Rap- pan could reasonably say it was lead- For the past year, the government’s tor. Superior endurance and internal ing its own program. plan has been to launch no later than weapon capacity are the key factors BAE Systems promoted the Tem- March 2024. However, Japanese com- behind this choice. pest program at the Defense and Se- panies, especially fi ghter builder Mit- No Western European country has curity Equipment International (DSEI) subishi Heavy Industries (MHI), are operated a fighter more than about Japan exhibition held in Tokyo Nov. 18- pushing for a launch as soon as possi- two-thirds as big, but Storr says a large 20. Prospective FCAS prime contrac- ble. They want to transfer knowledge confi guration for the Tempest cannot tors, such as Airbus, did not show their to young engineers from the older be ruled out. The mockup exhibited at concepts. Storr outlined the flexible generation that developed Japan’s last the 2018 Farnborough International model of cooperative development at fi ghter, the MHI F-2, which the Future Airshow was bigger than the F-22. an exhibition conference, but Japanese Fighter will replace. Still, the UK and other European speakers at that event did not com- The UK does not want to commit partners might want a much smaller

2 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst DEFENSE > UAE bomb investment p. 26 Monitoring motor and munition health p. 27 NATO eyes China p. 28 Threats and uncertainty in Middle East p. 29

BAE Systems exhibited this Tempest The architecture of the software is in- the Future Fighter program, in part Tempest Taker model at DSEI Japan. tended to be open, accepting di erent to ensure contractors are fully incen- programs easily. tivized to avoid failure. Contractors Tempest researchers will consider will be able to make money in civil > PROGRAM FLEXIBILITY OFFERS A PATH TO JAPANESE PARTICIPATION which systems and capabilities will go programs from technology developed into the fi ghter and which will be in- for the fi ghter, says the ministry, which > EVEN THE AIRFRAME COULD BE DIFFERENT corporated into the ammunition or an is highly infl uential but does not have accompanying drone, which could be a fi nal say. Bradley Perrett Tokyo fully reusable or optionally expendable, “Judging from past program exam- Storr says. The FCAS program is tak- ples, it is clear that the Future Fighter apan says it wants international ing a similar approach. program would bring a risk of a bud- collaboration in developing its The Tempest will need great get overrun and schedule slippage, but JFuture Fighter for the 2030s, AE EEAS capacity for generat- would also benefi t the private sector,” but it wants to lead the project despite ing electricity, he the fi nance ministry said in an Octo- limited experience in fi ghter develop- ber presentation to the Council on ment. And it aims at a fi ghter much ment on the prospect of Japan joining to launching full-scale development of Fiscal Policy, an advisory body. “The larger than any operated by a Western Tempest. the Tempest before 2025, but its date government and private sector should European country; the U.S. is not o er- Newly appointed Defense Minister for entry into service in 2035 meets invest funds and resources to build a ing a possible joint project. Taro Kono seemed to play down the Japan’s objective, which is sometime failure-proof framework.” That seems to leave only the choice possibility of participation in a Europe- in the 2030s. Meanwhile, the FCAS Noting that MHI used technology of indigenous development, perhaps an program, telling The Financial Times program is aiming at 2040. from the F-2 program in its develop- with help from a foreign technical Japan should explore all possibilities Sweden and Italy are cooperating fi ghter; concept designs that have not says, and the weapon bay should be ment and manufacturing of the outer partner. but needs to maintain interoperability with the UK during the current early been shown are not as big as the mock- regarded as a payload bay, perhaps wingboxes of the Boeing 787, the min- Nevertheless, participation in the with U.S. forces. Storr addressed that stage of Tempest research, while Spain up. But the concept for cooperation for holding additional fuel that would istry says contractors can expect to UK’s Tempest program may also be point, noting that working with the U.S. has joined France and Germany for would allow for Japan to devise its own extend endurance on surveillance gain similar opportunities for civil ap- feasible. The Tempest project—which is a high priority for the UK, too. FCAS work. airframe while, for example, using the missions. plications of technology from the Fu- includes the Royal Air Force, BAE Japan’s alternative to internation- Like Storr, BAE has stressed the same engine and some weapons, soft- The Japanese finance ministry is ture Fighter program—so they should Systems, Rolls-Royce and MBDA— al cooperation is developing a fi ghter advantages of partners taking only ware and avionics as other partners. insisting upon private investment in invest in it. c has a cooperation concept that leaves by itself with the technical help of a as much of the Tempest as they want. scope for Japan and other partners foreign company. Lockheed Martin is “There is a range of di erent partner- to use their own systems, weapons, supporting the Korea Aerospace In- ship models that can be considered,” propulsion and even airframes, says dustries KF-X, and BAE is helping the says Andy Latham, who is working on Air Cdre. Daniel Storr, head of combat Turkish Aerospace Industries TF-X in the program. “Japan has some great aircraft acquisition at the UK Defense such an arrangement. technology that any partner can ben- Ministry. By working with Lockheed Martin, efit from. Their avionics industry is The model described by Storr gives Boeing or Northrop Grumman, Tokyo pretty e ective.” Japan the fl exibility to choose the size would partially compensate the U.S. The cooperation concept replaces of its own fighter. Though evidently for its expenditures in defending Ja- the standard model, one in which part- not an objective, this mix-and-match pan. But the U.S. would gain little from ners spend years negotiating and com- approach also creates an opportunity technical support fees, and Japan is al- promising to defi ne a design that all of for Japan to continue to claim devel- ready committed to buying 147 Lock- them must accept. Instead, according opment leadership—but also to save heed Martin F-35 Lightnings as the to Storr, they can save time and money money by sharing systems. aircraft to precede the Future Fighter. by agreeing to disagree—to the extent The policy goal of running its own The defense ministry has asked for that each is willing to pay the extra fi ghter program, stated in 2018, has development of the Future Fighter to cost of independent development and looked like a big obstacle to Japan’s be launched in the fi scal year begin- manufacturing of design elements. participation in the Tempest or the ning April 2020. It is not clear wheth- The Japanese defense ministry’s Future Combat Air System (FCAS) er that means mobilizing resources to studies point to a need for a very big ● project initiated by France and Ger- commence full-scale development or fighter with an empty weight well ● many. But if the Future Fighter shared taking some lesser step to fi rm up the above 20 metric tons (44,000 lb.), larg- only some features with Tempest, Ja- commitment to create the aircraft. er than the Lockheed Martin F-22 Rap- ● pan could reasonably say it was lead- For the past year, the government’s tor. Superior endurance and internal ing its own program. plan has been to launch no later than weapon capacity are the key factors BAE Systems promoted the Tem- March 2024. However, Japanese com- behind this choice. pest program at the Defense and Se- panies, especially fi ghter builder Mit- No Western European country has curity Equipment International (DSEI) subishi Heavy Industries (MHI), are operated a fighter more than about Japan exhibition held in Tokyo Nov. 18- pushing for a launch as soon as possi- two-thirds as big, but Storr says a large 20. Prospective FCAS prime contrac- ble. They want to transfer knowledge confi guration for the Tempest cannot tors, such as Airbus, did not show their to young engineers from the older be ruled out. The mockup exhibited at concepts. Storr outlined the flexible generation that developed Japan’s last the 2018 Farnborough International model of cooperative development at fi ghter, the MHI F-2, which the Future Airshow was bigger than the F-22. an exhibition conference, but Japanese Fighter will replace. Still, the UK and other European speakers at that event did not com- The UK does not want to commit partners might want a much smaller

2 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 2 DEFENSE

Production of the more range and introducing the power capable Block 2 Al-Tariq pack that gives the weapon 8-hr. au- tonomy and allows the customer to bomb kits is slated for be less reliant on the aircraft’s OEM mid-to-late 2020. for integration. Halcon is the lesser known of the

TONY OSBORNE/AW&ST two companies. Unlike Al-Tariq, it appears to be entirely homegrown, developing its own family of weapons and performing warhead design. It produces two families of weapons: the Thun- UAE Makes Investments In der, which is a precision guidance kit for dumb bombs, and the Desert Sting, Precision-Guided Munitions a new family of small, low-collateral munitions with warheads weighing > MBDA TO WORK WITH TAWAZUN TO DEVELOP SMARTGLIDER WEAPON 5-35 kg (11-77 lb.). Both are suitable for light attack platforms and unmanned > EDGE DEVELOPING MORE CAPABLE AL-TARIQ BOMB KIT aircraft systems. “Halcon is a 100% UAE company, Tony Osborne Dubai and we own 100% of the [intellectual property], manufacturing all of he United Arab Emirates (UAE) Some 25 local defense companies the parts,” Halcon Design Engineer is taking major steps to develop were absorbed into EDGE; two of them, Khalifa Al Tamimi said at the Dubai Tindigenous capabilities to develop Al-Tariq and Halcon, form part of the Airshow. The company scored its first air-dropped weapons. group’s Missiles and Weapons cluster. major contract worth $1 billion at the Like their neighbors in Saudi Arabia, Of these, Al-Tariq is perhaps the event, a deal with the UAE to deliver the Emiratis envision developing high- most familiar. Renamed from Barij the Desert Sting weapon. Quantities tech defense capabilities and exporting Dynamics and before that Tawazun and delivery dates were not revealed. them. But the move also reflects the Dynamics, Al-Tariq is a joint venture Halcon’s Thunder is integrated on the Gulf state’s recent struggles in procur- between EDGE and South Africa’s Mirage 2000, while the Desert Sting ing advanced weapons from the U.S. Denel Dynamics. The joint venture is being targeted for the new Calidus In July, Congress blocked plans to is responsible for producing Al-Tariq B-250 light attack platform, 24 of transfer guided rockets and missiles kits that transform dumb bombs into which have been ordered by the UAE to Abu Dhabi and Riyadh over human- precision-guided munitions, some with military (AW&ST Nov. 25-Dec. 8, p. 21). itarian concerns about the Saudi-led wings enabling a glide range of up to With Halcon and Al-Tariq brought campaign in Yemen. Only President 120 km (75 mi.). Since 2012, Al-Tariq under the EDGE holding company, offi- Donald Trump’s controversial veto of has produced more than 6,000 guid- cials say there will likely develop more the congressional resolutions allowed ance kits for both the Mk. 81 250-lb. cooperation between the two where the transfers to take place. and Mk. 82 500-lb. bombs, in a so- there was once competition. Today, the UAE may be trying to ex- called Block 1 configuration, primarily European missile house MBDA has tricate itself from the Yemeni conflict, equipping the United Arab Emirates also seen an opportunity to plant its but recognition of the need to secure Air Force Dassault Mirage 2000-9s. own flag in the UAE, signing agree- the supply lines for munitions to sup- The company is now working with ments with the Tawazun Economic port its hard-hitting air power capabili- Lockheed Martin to introduce the Council to pursue the local develop- ty is still a priority. What is emerging is weapon on the F-16 Block 60s also opment of the SmartGlider family of glide a highly specialized capacity to produce erated by the UAE Air Force. bombs. The SmartGlider was first un- bespoke but valued precision-guided Al-Tariq is also working on a Block veiled at the 2017 Paris Air Show in air-to-ground weapons. 2 guidance kit introducing a modern- response to a growing international The UAE is no stranger to weapons ized navigation system and a power need for aircraft that would not only be development. In the 1980s, it worked pack to reduce the weapon’s depen- able to carry more weapons but also be with Britain’s Marconi Dynamics to de- dence on the carrier aircraft’s elec- capable of dealing with a wider range velop a bespoke weapon—the PGM500, trical power system. Engineers are of target sets. a family of glide bombs with laser, TV looking to extend the range of the MBDA wants to be able to arm the and infrared-imaging seekers, known weapon using a turbojet, essential- UAE’s Mirage 2000s with up to 12 locally as the Hakim, which were devel- ly turning the weapon into a cheap SmartGlider weapons carried on spe- oped to be carried on both the UAE’s cruise missile. cially developed launchers. Dassault Mirage 2000 and F-16s. “This is the weapon of choice for Together, MBDA and Tawazun will The capabilities provided by the the UAE Air Force,” Theunis Botha, set up an engineering center to work Hakim are now being developed at general manager of Al-Tariq, told on the SmartGlider weapon and also home within the newly established Aviation Week. establish a local flight-testing capabil- EDGE defense holding company es- Al-Tariq has attracted regional ity. They hope the facilities and devel- tablished in the weeks prior to the interest too. The company has been opment work can get underway within Dubai Airshow. one of the drivers for extending the two years. c

26 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst DEFENSE

Production of the more range and introducing the power Monitoring the Health them up and test them to make sure capable Block 2 Al-Tariq pack that gives the weapon 8-hr. au- the chemistry is close to or exactly tonomy and allows the customer to of Motors and Munitions what we model. If [it is] not, we im- bomb kits is slated for be less reliant on the aircraft’s OEM prove the models,” says Hyde. mid-to-late 2020. for integration. > REAL-TIME MONITORING TRANSFORMS LIFE-CYCLE MANAGEMENT Northrop has been developing Halcon is the lesser known of the the monitoring technology for two two companies. Unlike Al-Tariq, it ap- decades, “making sure we can do it TONY OSBORNE/AW&ST > RAPID PROTOTYPING KEY TO SHOWCASING POTENTIAL TO CUSTOMERS pears to be entirely homegrown, devel- safely,” says Christensen. “But it is oping its own family of weapons and the maturity of IoT that has allowed performing warhead design. It produc- the system to become what it is.” IoT es two families of weapons: the Thun- makes it possible to remotely and se- UAE Makes Investments In der, which is a precision guidance kit curely monitor weapons and rockets for dumb bombs, and the Desert Sting, fielded around the world. Precision-Guided Munitions a new family of small, low-collateral munitions with warheads weighing Stratasys 3D-printed this rocket mo- > MBDA TO WORK WITH TAWAZUN TO DEVELOP SMARTGLIDER WEAPON 5-35 kg (11-77 lb.). Both are suitable for tor model rapid prototype to demo light attack platforms and unmanned real-time health monitoring. > EDGE DEVELOPING MORE CAPABLE AL-TARIQ BOMB KIT aircraft systems. “Halcon is a 100% UAE company, IoT also makes it possible to mon- Tony Osborne Dubai and we own 100% of the [intellectu- itor munitions in the factory, in stor- al property], manufacturing all of age, during transportation—and even he United Arab Emirates (UAE) Some 25 local defense companies the parts,” Halcon Design Engineer the G-loading experienced during sor- is taking major steps to develop were absorbed into EDGE; two of them, Khalifa Al Tamimi said at the Dubai GRUMMAN NORTHROP ties of missiles mounted on aircraft. Tindigenous capabilities to develop Al-Tariq and Halcon, form part of the Airshow. The company scored its first Graham Warwick Washington “As long as we can measure the envi- air-dropped weapons. group’s Missiles and Weapons cluster. major contract worth $1 billion at the ronment each asset is seeing, we can Like their neighbors in Saudi Arabia, Of these, Al-Tariq is perhaps the event, a deal with the UAE to deliver echnology developed by In an example presented to NATO in predict its health,” he says. the Emiratis envision developing high- most familiar. Renamed from Barij the Desert Sting weapon. Quantities Northrop Grumman to individ- October, Northrop says a fleet of mu- To educate potential customers tech defense capabilities and exporting Dynamics and before that Tawazun and delivery dates were not revealed. Tually and continuously monitor nitions could have to be retired after on the benefits of IMHM, Northrop them. But the move also reflects the Dynamics, Al-Tariq is a joint venture Halcon’s Thunder is integrated on the the health of solid rocket motors prom- just 13 years if test failures exceed a partnered with Stratasys to rapid- Gulf state’s recent struggles in procur- between EDGE and South Africa’s Mirage 2000, while the Desert Sting ises to reduce the cost and extend the threshold. But by tracking individual ly prototype a rocket motor display ing advanced weapons from the U.S. Denel Dynamics. The joint venture is being targeted for the new Calidus service life of munitions. And the com- motors, those with a “severe history” model that it can use to demonstrate In July, Congress blocked plans to is responsible for producing Al-Tariq B-250 light attack platform, 24 of pany has partnered with 3D-printing could be retired at 22 years while “be- real-time munition health monitoring transfer guided rockets and missiles kits that transform dumb bombs into which have been ordered by the UAE specialist Stratasys to use rapid proto- nign-history” motors could last 41. to customers around the world. to Abu Dhabi and Riyadh over human- precision-guided munitions, some with military (AW&ST Nov. 25-Dec. 8, p. 21). typing to demonstrate the technology “Munition health monitoring en- Stratasys used two different poly- itarian concerns about the Saudi-led wings enabling a glide range of up to With Halcon and Al-Tariq brought to potential customers. ables the near-real-time service life mer 3D-printing techniques to achieve campaign in Yemen. Only President 120 km (75 mi.). Since 2012, Al-Tariq under the EDGE holding company, offi- The integrated munition health estimates for individual assets to be three distinct material characteristics Donald Trump’s controversial veto of has produced more than 6,000 guid- cials say there will likely develop more management (IMHM) technology determined and [for them] to be culled that were critical to correctly repre- the congressional resolutions allowed ance kits for both the Mk. 81 250-lb. cooperation between the two where combines sensors on the rocket or if necessary to maintain fleet reliabili- senting the rocket motor with its rigid the transfers to take place. and Mk. 82 500-lb. bombs, in a so- there was once competition. weapon with internet-of-things (IoT) ty,” the presentation says. casing, rubber-like propellant and the Today, the UAE may be trying to ex- called Block 1 configuration, primarily European missile house MBDA has connectivity, digital-twin modeling “The key to predicting the health of insulation layer between them. tricate itself from the Yemeni conflict, equipping the United Arab Emirates also seen an opportunity to plant its and augmented-reality presentation a munition is to monitor the chemistry Fused deposition modeling was but recognition of the need to secure Air Force Dassault Mirage 2000-9s. own flag in the UAE, signing agree- of data to enable real-time monitor- of the propellant,” says Scott Hyde, a used to produce the rigid rocket the supply lines for munitions to sup- The company is now working with ments with the Tawazun Economic ing rather than traditional periodic program manager in advanced pro- motor case using ABS thermoplas- port its hard-hitting air power capabili- Lockheed Martin to introduce the Council to pursue the local develop- fleet sampling. grams with NGIS. “If the chemistry is tic, says Lucas Haugen, aerospace ty is still a priority. What is emerging is weapon on the F-16 Block 60s also opment of the SmartGlider family of glide “Today we take a few motors out of pristine, it will perform as designed. If segment leader at Stratasys. High- a highly specialized capacity to produce erated by the UAE Air Force. bombs. The SmartGlider was first un- service and test them, then statistical- the chemistry has aged in a bad way, it resolution PolyJet printing, a varia- bespoke but valued precision-guided Al-Tariq is also working on a Block veiled at the 2017 Paris Air Show in ly relate the results to the rest of the will not perform,” he says. tion on inkjet technology using jetted air-to-ground weapons. 2 guidance kit introducing a modern- response to a growing international fleet. If they are not performing reli- By attaching sensors to existing photopolymers, was used to produce The UAE is no stranger to weapons ized navigation system and a power need for aircraft that would not only be ably, we may decommission the entire munitions or embedding them in the propellant and insulation layer— development. In the 1980s, it worked pack to reduce the weapon’s depen- able to carry more weapons but also be fleet,” says Nathan Christensen, senior next-generation designs, it is possible which have different hardnesses—as with Britain’s Marconi Dynamics to de- dence on the carrier aircraft’s elec- capable of dealing with a wider range manager of engineering and scientific to measure continuously the environ- a single piece. velop a bespoke weapon—the PGM500, trical power system. Engineers are of target sets. methods at Northrop Grumman Inno- ment each motor experiences: tem- Using its rapid prototyping capa- a family of glide bombs with laser, TV looking to extend the range of the MBDA wants to be able to arm the vation Systems (NGIS). perature and relative humidity as well bilities, Stratasys produced an initial and infrared-imaging seekers, known weapon using a turbojet, essential- UAE’s Mirage 2000s with up to 12 But subsequent destructive testing as loads and displacements during version of the rocket motor model locally as the Hakim, which were devel- ly turning the weapon into a cheap SmartGlider weapons carried on spe- often reveals that many decommis- handling and transport, including any for Northrop. “They then wanted to oped to be carried on both the UAE’s cruise missile. cially developed launchers. sioned motors are still good. “Having bumps or drops. change the design so that it better rep- Dassault Mirage 2000 and F-16s. “This is the weapon of choice for Together, MBDA and Tawazun will a system that can monitor health indi- The first step is to monitor as con- resented their technology, so we went The capabilities provided by the the UAE Air Force,” Theunis Botha, set up an engineering center to work vidually will really change the way we tinuously as possible the environment back into our software and printed an- Hakim are now being developed at general manager of Al-Tariq, told on the SmartGlider weapon and also manage the fleet and save a significant the munition sees, then compare the other iteration,” Haugen says. home within the newly established Aviation Week. establish a local flight-testing capabil- amount of money over the life cycle of data with sophisticated mechanistic “Stratasys built a rapid prototype EDGE defense holding company es- Al-Tariq has attracted regional ity. They hope the facilities and devel- the munition,” he says. models that predict the health of the that simulates a motor, an inert one tablished in the weeks prior to the interest too. The company has been opment work can get underway within Uncertainty in fleet life can span motor. “The second step is to take we can take on the road, with its hard Dubai Airshow. one of the drivers for extending the two years. c decades using current sampling tests. some missiles out of the force, cut casing and rubber-like propellant rel-

26 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 27 DEFENSE

atively close to correct stiffness mod- ers watch a sensor alert pop up on a motors in different environments ulus,” says Christensen. fleet asset and see the temperature inside its production plant under Using the model, Northrop can going out of spec. It’s a very interac- a two-year U.S. Air Force program demonstrate how the sensors de - tive process that helps demonstrate to validate the technology. But the tect aging, displacement loads and the technology to customers,” he system uses scalable commercial other effects and how their data are says. “Although there is a lot of prog- technology that is ready to deploy combined with a digital twin and nostic sophistication in the system, it now, says Christensen. The com- augmented reality to display motor displays data in a simple way that is pany’s goal is to incorporate the health in real time. easy to understand.” health-monitoring technology into “During the demonstration, view- Northrop is already monitoring its next-generation products. c

at the meeting that while he does not NATO Turns Attention to Far East as want the UK to be hostile to overseas investment, “we cannot prejudice our Beijing’s Influence Reaches Europe vital national security interests nor can we prejudice our ability to coop- > CHINA’S BALLISTIC AND HYPERSONIC CAPABILITIES WORRY NATO erate with other Five Eyes security DISSENSION IS CAUSING RIPPLES IN ALLIANCE RANKS partners.” > The London gathering of NATO lead- Tony Osborne London ers began on a shaky foundations and dissension in the ranks following com- ATO is widening its gaze beyond portunities,” he said. “But at the same ments by French President Emmanuel Russia and toward China in rec- time, we see that China is investing Macron that the alliance had become Nognition of Beijing’s growing heavily in new modern capabilities.” “brain dead” in response to the with- military might and power projection. Stoltenberg noted the deployment drawal of U.S. troops from Northern For seven decades, the alliance’s at- of the DF-41 intercontinental ballistic Syria. Turkish President Recep Tayy- tention has been focused on the Soviet missile, which provides Beijing the ip Erdogan provided obstacles as well: Union and subsequently Russia, leav- ability to hit cities in Europe and North Before the meeting, it emerged that ing the U.S. and its Asian allies to moni- America, as well as advances in hyper- Ankara had blocked updated defense tor the buildup of China’s military capa- sonic weaponry. plans for the Baltic States and Poland bilities. But now NATO is sitting up and Beijing has also deployed hundreds because Erdogan is frustrated by a taking notice, particularly as Beijing’s of intermediate-range ballistic mis- lack of NATO support in recognizing power begins to gain influence around siles, which “would have violated the as terrorists Kurdish groups in Syria the alliance’s soft underbelly. [Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces and Iraq that allegedly support the PKK China is now the world’s sec- Treaty],” had China been a signatory, (Kurdish Workers Party). ond-largest spender on defense and Stoltenberg said. Turkey’s purchase of a Rus - has demonstrated its ability to de - Acknowledging the China challenge sian-made S-400 air and missile deploy combat aircraft as far west as is one step, Stoltenberg said; the next fense system continues to be a thorn Turkey; Chinese warplanes exercised step is to try to bring China into future in the side of NATO, particularly in with their Turkish counterparts in arms-control agreements. Beijing has light of apparent recent initial testing 2011. And this past summer, Serbia signed the Treaty on the Non-Prolifer- of the radars using the first battery announced it will buy Chinese armed ation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), and set up near Ankara using F-16 fight- unmanned aircraft systems as part Stoltenberg suggested the NPT could ers. Stoltenberg said he was concerned of a tightening defense relationship be an initial building block toward an about the consequences of Turkey’s between Belgrade and Beijing. Sev- arms-control dialog. decision to buy the system, noting that eral NATO nations are embracing Concerns about China could also it “will never be integrated into NATO” the People’s Republic’s Belt and Road be linked to commitments made by and “will never be a part of the inte- investment initiatives and looking to NATO leaders to ensure the security grated air and missile defense system.” adopt new-generation communication of telecommunications infrastructure, He added that the Turkish S-400 will networks developed by Chinese tech- including future 5G networks. Stolten- always be stand-alone. nology companies. berg pointed out that member nations Controversy also remains over the “We recognize that China’s growing can rely “only on secure and resilient slow pace of some alliance members influence and international policies systems.” to increase their defense spending to present both opportunities and chal- However, it is unclear where this 2% of gross domestic product (GDP) lenges that we need to address together leaves nations such as Germany and by 2024. Nine of the 29 alliance mem- as an alliance,” NATO Secretary Gen- the UK, which said that Chinese com- bers have met or will meet the 2% tar- eral Jens Stoltenberg told journalists pany Huawei could play a role in such get by year-end. NATO says defense following a meeting of NATO leaders future networks. cuts have finally stopped, with nations in London Dec. 4. “This is not a one-di- British Prime Minister Boris John- having invested $130 billion since 2016. mensional issue. . . . The economic rise son appeared to harden his stance on This is expected to grow to $400 bil- of China provides great economic op- the use of Huawei technology, saying lion by the end of 2024. c

28 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst DEFENSE DEFENSE atively close to correct stiffness mod- ers watch a sensor alert pop up on a motors in different environments U.S. Sanctions Threat Clouded dated by Caatsa against Turkey has ulus,” says Christensen. fleet asset and see the temperature inside its production plant under remained an open question. Trump Using the model, Northrop can going out of spec. It’s a very interac- a two-year U.S. Air Force program by Uncertain Policy has never opposed the Defense De- demonstrate how the sensors de - tive process that helps demonstrate to validate the technology. But the partment’s decision to banish Turkey tect aging, displacement loads and the technology to customers,” he system uses scalable commercial U.S. THREATENS SANCTIONS ON SU-35 DELIVERIES TO EGYPT from the F-35 program over the S-400 other effects and how their data are says. “Although there is a lot of prog- technology that is ready to deploy > deliveries, but he has publicly sought combined with a digital twin and nostic sophistication in the system, it now, says Christensen. The com- > TURKEY TESTS S-400 SYSTEM, DEFYING TRUMP WARNING to achieve some sort of compromise augmented reality to display motor displays data in a simple way that is pany’s goal is to incorporate the with Erdogan to avoid imposing re- health in real time. easy to understand.” health-monitoring technology into strictions. A White House meeting “During the demonstration, view- Northrop is already monitoring its next-generation products. c between Trump and Erdogan in early November was intended to clear up any lingering doubt about the U.S. position, Cooper says. at the meeting that while he does not NATO Turns Attention to Far East as want the UK to be hostile to overseas In July, Russia started delivering to Beijing’s Influence Reaches Europe investment, “we cannot prejudice our Turkey the first of two S-400 batter- vital national security interests nor DEFENSE OF NATIONAL TURKISH MINISTRY ies, including this support vehicle can we prejudice our ability to coop- unloaded from an Antonov An-124. > CHINA’S BALLISTIC AND HYPERSONIC CAPABILITIES WORRY NATO erate with other Five Eyes security DISSENSION IS CAUSING RIPPLES IN ALLIANCE RANKS partners.” “President Trump did say to Pres- > The London gathering of NATO lead- ident Erdogan: ‘Not only are you still Tony Osborne London ers began on a shaky foundations and not part of the F-35 program, but to dissension in the ranks following com- get to reconciliation we have to address ATO is widening its gaze beyond portunities,” he said. “But at the same ments by French President Emmanuel the S-400. So either destroy it, send it Russia and toward China in rec- time, we see that China is investing Macron that the alliance had become back or somehow compartmentalize Nognition of Beijing’s growing heavily in new modern capabilities.” “brain dead” in response to the with- it,’” Cooper says. “It was certainly military might and power projection. Stoltenberg noted the deployment drawal of U.S. troops from Northern something the rest of the world was Steve Trimble Washington For seven decades, the alliance’s at- of the DF-41 intercontinental ballistic Syria. Turkish President Recep Tayy- watching, including in Cairo.” tention has been focused on the Soviet missile, which provides Beijing the ip Erdogan provided obstacles as well: gypt has emerged as another money,” says ministry spokeswoman Instead of automatic sanctions, the Union and subsequently Russia, leav- ability to hit cities in Europe and North Before the meeting, it emerged that flashpoint in an increasingly Maria Zakharova. White House has preferred to consider ing the U.S. and its Asian allies to moni- America, as well as advances in hyper- Ankara had blocked updated defense Efierce global competition with A combination of three factors—the each case individually. So countries that tor the buildup of China’s military capa- sonic weaponry. plans for the Baltic States and Poland Moscow to hold on to once-reliable recent export availability of the S-400 have an established supply chain for bilities. But now NATO is sitting up and Beijing has also deployed hundreds because Erdogan is frustrated by a purchasers of U.S. weaponry. air defense system and the Su-35, over- Kalashnikov rifle ammunition, Cooper taking notice, particularly as Beijing’s of intermediate-range ballistic mis- lack of NATO support in recognizing The government in Cairo remained seas opposition to key aspects of Amer- says, need not worry about triggering power begins to gain influence around siles, which “would have violated the as terrorists Kurdish groups in Syria silent last month as U.S. and Russian ican foreign policy, and a 2017 U.S. law the otherwise mandatory penalties un- the alliance’s soft underbelly. [Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces and Iraq that allegedly support the PKK diplomats traded threats and accu- that proposes blanket sanctions on Rus- der Caatsa. Cooper’s choice of anecdote China is now the world’s sec- Treaty],” had China been a signatory, (Kurdish Workers Party). sations over a reported—but never sian arms buyers—continues to roil the at the Dubai Airshow may not be an ac- ond-largest spender on defense and Stoltenberg said. Turkey’s purchase of a Rus - confirmed—deal by Egypt to import global arms trade. Huge arms deals all cident, as neighboring Saudi Arabia is has demonstrated its ability to de - Acknowledging the China challenge sian-made S-400 air and missile de- 20 Sukhoi Su-35 fighters from Russia. over the world swing in the balance as in talks with Russia to establish a local ploy combat aircraft as far west as is one step, Stoltenberg said; the next fense system continues to be a thorn The Egyptian Air Force already re- U.S. policymakers still work to clarify Kalashnikov rifle plant. Turkey; Chinese warplanes exercised step is to try to bring China into future in the side of NATO, particularly in ceived MiG-29M/M2 fighters ordered how the Counter America’s Adversar- Although Russia protests the fair- with their Turkish counterparts in arms-control agreements. Beijing has light of apparent recent initial testing from Russia in 2015 without trigger- ies Through Sanctions Act (Caatsa) will ness of the Caatsa sanctions, the indus- 2011. And this past summer, Serbia signed the Treaty on the Non-Prolifer- of the radars using the first battery ing complaints from Washington. But be applied. try does not yet acknowledge feeling announced it will buy Chinese armed ation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), and set up near Ankara using F-16 fight- Egypt’s possible Su-35 order, if con- The U.S. has imposed Caatsa restric- any harm. Rosonboronexport posted unmanned aircraft systems as part Stoltenberg suggested the NPT could ers. Stoltenberg said he was concerned summated, will not be ignored by the tions only once. At the end of 2018, the a record year with $13.7 billion in arms of a tightening defense relationship be an initial building block toward an about the consequences of Turkey’s State Department. State Department applied Caatsa pen- sales in 2018, and it plans to match that between Belgrade and Beijing. Sev- arms-control dialog. decision to buy the system, noting that “It puts them at risk for sanctions, alties on China for importing the S-400 total by the end of 2019. But the U.S. eral NATO nations are embracing Concerns about China could also it “will never be integrated into NATO” and it puts them at risk for loss of and Su-35 several months earlier. pressure seems to be causing some the People’s Republic’s Belt and Road be linked to commitments made by and “will never be a part of the inte- future acquisitions,” Clarke Cooper, But the key test case remains in An- countries to think twice. Indonesia, for investment initiatives and looking to NATO leaders to ensure the security grated air and missile defense system.” assistant secretary of state for polit- kara, the capital of Turkey and a 70-year- example, announced a deal in 2018 for adopt new-generation communication of telecommunications infrastructure, He added that the Turkish S-400 will ical-military affairs, told reporters at old bulwark of the NATO alliance. Turk- Su-35s but has yet to set a timetable networks developed by Chinese tech- including future 5G networks. Stolten- always be stand-alone. the Dubai Airshow when asked about ish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has for delivery. nology companies. berg pointed out that member nations Controversy also remains over the Egypt’s interest in Russian fighters. showed no signs that he will bow to U.S. “Nothing is holding up [deliveries “We recognize that China’s growing can rely “only on secure and resilient slow pace of some alliance members Cooper’s remarks drew a swift re- demands to return, destroy or some- to Indonesia],” Rosoboronexport CEO influence and international policies systems.” to increase their defense spending to sponse from Moscow’s ministry of for- how disable two S-400 batteries deliv- Alexander Mikheev told reporters at present both opportunities and chal- However, it is unclear where this 2% of gross domestic product (GDP) eign affairs, which, in an ironic twist ered from Russia since July. Moreover, the Dubai Airshow. “The contracts lenges that we need to address together leaves nations such as Germany and by 2024. Nine of the 29 alliance mem- from Cold War-era diplomatic language, Turkey activated the S-400s for the first are signed. All the formalities have as an alliance,” NATO Secretary Gen- the UK, which said that Chinese com- bers have met or will meet the 2% tar- accused Washington of prioritizing the time in defiance of escalating rhetoric been fulfilled. So we are expecting the eral Jens Stoltenberg told journalists pany Huawei could play a role in such get by year-end. NATO says defense ideology of security partners over the from the U.S., including a personal in- contract to start.” c following a meeting of NATO leaders future networks. cuts have finally stopped, with nations principle of free trade. “Like our Egyp- tervention by President Donald Trump in London Dec. 4. “This is not a one-di- British Prime Minister Boris John- having invested $130 billion since 2016. tian friends, most of Russia’s partners with Erdogan two weeks earlier. Check 6 Aviation Week editors discuss mensional issue. . . . The economic rise son appeared to harden his stance on This is expected to grow to $400 bil- in the world prefer to make indepen- But the U.S. president’s commit- the evolving aviation landscape from the of China provides great economic op- the use of Huawei technology, saying lion by the end of 2024. c dent decisions, focusing on value for ment to applying the sanctions man- Dubai Airshow: AviationWeek.com/podcast

28 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 29 ROTORCRAFT

The Coaxial Coming in From the Cold

THE VRT500 WILL USE PRATT & WHITNEY’S > RTEHNOLOIES PW207V ENGINE > FIRST FLIGHT IS PLANNED FOR 2020; CERTIFICATION ENVISAGED IN 2022

Tony Osborne Dubai

ussian Helicopters is hoping that its newest product will Rfi nd a niche as a pathfi nder for urban air mobility. Russian Helicopters believes the VRT500 will nd a niche in the urban air The 1.65-metric-ton, single-engine mobility mission, thanks to its coaxial con guration. VRT500 was born from a challenge set by Russian Helicopters’ parent Rostec velopment program. The deal will be says Okhonko. He also notes that VR’s to define a product that could be a fi nalized in the fi rst quarter of 2020. engineers selected a metallic airframe “source of growth in the civil market,” The rotorcraft also has secured its and composite skin rather than going says Alexander Okhonko, the gener- fi rst customers: In August, Malaysian all-composite, a compromise that al manager of the newly established company Ludev Aviation announced Okhonko says will help shorten the design bureau within the Russian it will take fi ve VRT500s, and Swed- certifi cation process. Helicopters holding VR-Technologies ish company Rotorcraft Nordic AB Recognizing that some cities do not (VRT). And with the market for o - announced at the air show that it is allow the operation of single-engine shore helicopters in the doldrums, the buying 10. helicopters, VR-Technologies is explor- company set its sights on the trend for Unlike previous helicopters from ing the addition of a hybrid propulsion urban transport. the Russian Helicopters stable, the system with a battery pack that would Although billions of dollars have VRT500 has been developed with a be able to provide 3-5 min. of power in been invested in electric-vertical-take- “different mindset,” with a focus on the event of an engine failure, giving o -and-landing urban and regional air the commercial rather than military the pilot additional time to fi nd a safe mobility programs, Russian Helicop- market, Okhonko says. “We have fo- spot to land. “Everybody is working on ters believes its little coaxial could cused on lower vibration, low noise a purely electrical solution, but this is begin delivering urban air mobility signature, passenger comfort and di¤ cult to design and bring to mar- (UAM) services in a couple of years— style,” he adds. ket,” says Okhonko. “Using a hybrid and well before all-electric services That mindset also extends to the ex- would give us additional redundancy can get underway. tensive use of Western suppliers. Pratt and a power boost on takeo .” Similar VRT has used its links with the & Whitney is providing its PW207V work is underway by Airbus. story design bureau to bring its co- turbine—the same engine that powers “With that technology, we could axial technology onto the aircraft, a the Ansat twin-engine light helicopter. fi nd a solution to be safer, cheaper to move it believes could be the “secret Thales is supplying the avionics, and operate and more environmentally sauce” to securing a foothold in UAM Liebherr is providing the environmen- friendly,” says Okhonko. The hybrid operations. tal control system. propulsion system could be available Using a coaxial means the company Also contributing to the helicopter in 2023. can produce a platform with a small is Italy-based automotive design house Developments in the VRT500 have fuselage: There is no need for a lengthy Italdesign. And perhaps most crucially come on thick and fast since a model tail boom and complex tail rotor as- of all, it will be built in Italy, which will of the helicopter was fi rst unveiled at sembly, resulting in more room at the drive the need for certification with the HeliRussia show in 2018. Current rear of the aircraft. the European Union Aviation Safety plans call for a fi rst fl ight in 2020 and Eliminating the tail rotor removes Agency (EASA). Among Russian ro- type certifi cation in 2022. a safety hazard for ground operations torcraft, only Kamov’s Ka-32 has an Okhonko would not provide a price and reduces the noise levels, but it EASA certifi cate, which is for fi refi ght- for the aircraft, but it is set to compete also introduces new fl ying character- ing and aerial work. with the likes of Bell’s 505 JetRanger X, istics that may be unfamiliar to many Manufacturing in Italy represents a Robinson’s R66 and Enstrom turbine rotary-wing pilots. radical departure for the OEM, which models, which are $1-2 million. Okhonko The helicopter’s UAM potential has has traditionally built its helicopters believes the helicopter will have great- already attracted Emirati interest. At domestically. Okhonko says it has al- er appeal because of its larger cabin the Dubai Airshow, Abu Dhabi holding ready established a production facility space, making it attractive for a wider company Tawazun announced it will with a “daughter company” near Rome range of missions than competitors purchase a 50% stake in VR-Technol- but did not provide further details. might be able to provide. Assessments ogies, with the aim of generating some “We have opted for mature technol- by the company suggest a market for €400 million ($440 million) for the de- ogies and well-recognized suppliers,” 1,000 VRT500s by 2035. c

AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst ROTORCRAFT

The Coaxial Coming in From the Cold

THE VRT500 WILL USE PRATT & WHITNEY’S > RTEHNOLOIES PW207V ENGINE > FIRST FLIGHT IS PLANNED FOR 2020; CERTIFICATION ENVISAGED IN 2022 Explore business Tony Osborne Dubai ussian Helicopters is hoping that its newest product will Rfi nd a niche as a pathfi nder for opportunities urban air mobility. Russian Helicopters believes the VRT500 will nd a niche in the urban air The 1.65-metric-ton, single-engine mobility mission, thanks to its coaxial con guration. VRT500 was born from a challenge set by Russian Helicopters’ parent Rostec velopment program. The deal will be says Okhonko. He also notes that VR’s to define a product that could be a fi nalized in the fi rst quarter of 2020. engineers selected a metallic airframe in Indianapolis “source of growth in the civil market,” The rotorcraft also has secured its and composite skin rather than going says Alexander Okhonko, the gener- fi rst customers: In August, Malaysian all-composite, a compromise that al manager of the newly established company Ludev Aviation announced Okhonko says will help shorten the Indianapolis, USA design bureau within the Russian it will take fi ve VRT500s, and Swed- certifi cation process. Helicopters holding VR-Technologies ish company Rotorcraft Nordic AB Recognizing that some cities do not 4-6 February 2020 (VRT). And with the market for o - announced at the air show that it is allow the operation of single-engine shore helicopters in the doldrums, the buying 10. helicopters, VR-Technologies is explor- company set its sights on the trend for Unlike previous helicopters from ing the addition of a hybrid propulsion urban transport. the Russian Helicopters stable, the system with a battery pack that would Although billions of dollars have VRT500 has been developed with a be able to provide 3-5 min. of power in been invested in electric-vertical-take- “different mindset,” with a focus on the event of an engine failure, giving o -and-landing urban and regional air the commercial rather than military the pilot additional time to fi nd a safe mobility programs, Russian Helicop- market, Okhonko says. “We have fo- spot to land. “Everybody is working on ters believes its little coaxial could cused on lower vibration, low noise a purely electrical solution, but this is begin delivering urban air mobility signature, passenger comfort and di¤ cult to design and bring to mar- (UAM) services in a couple of years— style,” he adds. ket,” says Okhonko. “Using a hybrid and well before all-electric services That mindset also extends to the ex- would give us additional redundancy can get underway. tensive use of Western suppliers. Pratt and a power boost on takeo .” Similar VRT has used its links with the & Whitney is providing its PW207V work is underway by Airbus. story design bureau to bring its co- turbine—the same engine that powers “With that technology, we could axial technology onto the aircraft, a the Ansat twin-engine light helicopter. fi nd a solution to be safer, cheaper to move it believes could be the “secret Thales is supplying the avionics, and operate and more environmentally sauce” to securing a foothold in UAM Liebherr is providing the environmen- friendly,” says Okhonko. The hybrid A thriving centre for business operations. tal control system. propulsion system could be available Using a coaxial means the company Also contributing to the helicopter in 2023. can produce a platform with a small is Italy-based automotive design house Developments in the VRT500 have Centrally located in the USA, Indianapolis serves as the fuselage: There is no need for a lengthy Italdesign. And perhaps most crucially come on thick and fast since a model economic and cultural hub of Indiana. Discuss new market tail boom and complex tail rotor as- of all, it will be built in Italy, which will of the helicopter was fi rst unveiled at opportunities and negotiate future air services with senior sembly, resulting in more room at the drive the need for certification with the HeliRussia show in 2018. Current rear of the aircraft. the European Union Aviation Safety plans call for a fi rst fl ight in 2020 and route development professionals in an inspirational and Eliminating the tail rotor removes Agency (EASA). Among Russian ro- type certifi cation in 2022. dynamic city built for events. a safety hazard for ground operations torcraft, only Kamov’s Ka-32 has an Okhonko would not provide a price and reduces the noise levels, but it EASA certifi cate, which is for fi refi ght- for the aircraft, but it is set to compete routesonline.com also introduces new fl ying character- ing and aerial work. with the likes of Bell’s 505 JetRanger X, istics that may be unfamiliar to many Manufacturing in Italy represents a Robinson’s R66 and Enstrom turbine rotary-wing pilots. radical departure for the OEM, which models, which are $1-2 million. Okhonko The helicopter’s UAM potential has has traditionally built its helicopters believes the helicopter will have great- already attracted Emirati interest. At domestically. Okhonko says it has al- er appeal because of its larger cabin the Dubai Airshow, Abu Dhabi holding ready established a production facility space, making it attractive for a wider company Tawazun announced it will with a “daughter company” near Rome range of missions than competitors purchase a 50% stake in VR-Technol- but did not provide further details. might be able to provide. Assessments ogies, with the aim of generating some “We have opted for mature technol- by the company suggest a market for €400 million ($440 million) for the de- ogies and well-recognized suppliers,” 1,000 VRT500s by 2035. c

Hosts of Routes Americas 2020 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst COMMERCIAL AVIATION > Condor faces restructuring p. 34 Challenges for new Norwegian CEO p. 35 Dash 8-400 gains more orders p. 36 TIPPING POINT

United Airlines plans to serve additional destinations in Europe with its incoming fleet of 50 Airbus A321XLRs.

AIRBUS > LARGE 737 MAX CUSTOMER UNITED AIRLINES both that the aircraft is not suitable CHOOSES AIRBUS A321XLR for its long-range missions and that it is not worth waiting for the NMA 2-3 LONG-RANGE A321NEO VARIANT TO REPLACE years beyond the Airbus delivery dates. > “Whatever life was left in the NMA BOEING 757 FLEET might have just been extinguished,” says Richard Aboulafia, vice president > MOVE RAISES SERIOUS QUESTIONS ABOUT for analysis at the Teal Group. He be- VIABILITY OF CURRENT NMA CONCEPT lieves Boeing “needs a different middle-market strategy.” And “different” to him means very different: “It’s clear Jens Flottau Frankfurt and Sean Broderick Washington that this is a single-aisle segment.” The Airbus A321XLR, with a range of 4,700 nm, has built an impressive or- here has been growing uncertainty for some time der momentum since its launch at the around Boeing’s proposed new midmarket airplane 2019 Paris Air Show. Even Airbus CEO (NMA), for now conceived as a small widebody tar- Guillaume Faury said, at the recent geting the niche between the 737 MAX and 787. At the Dubai Airshow, “We underestimated T the success of the A321neo.” same time, the continuing MAX grounding has raised questions United was not even an Airbus about that program’s longer-term viability, and the 777X is an- A320neo-family customer before the XLR order. The other two big U.S. leg- other reason for concern rather than a relief. acy carriers, American Airlines and United Airlines’ Dec. 3 decision to concept. In addition, because the Delta Air Lines, already have large order 50 Airbus A321XLRs as a re - MAX crisis is so much worse than A321neo orders in place—for 120 and placement for a large part of its Boe- expected and the A321XLR is selling 100 aircraft, respectively. It is easy to ing 757 fleet, the same market Boeing so well, finding a MAX replacement conceive they also may be tempted to is targeting with the NMA—and to a sooner is becoming an increasingly convert some of those to the XLR. lesser extent with the MAX—could urgent issue. “Boeing vastly underestimated the be the tipping point for the program, The United order is a nightmare A321neo,” says one senior industry ex- the last bit of evidence for the OEM’s for Boeing in two ways: It shows that ecutive. “The A321neo has such strong leadership that it needs to revise the another large MAX customer believes momentum, the optimal timing [for a

32 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst COMMERCIAL AVIATION > Condor faces restructuring p. 34 Challenges for new Norwegian CEO p. 35 Dash 8-400 gains more orders p. 36

competitive response] may have been executive vice president and chief com- missed.” mercial officer. “In addition to strength- Customers warned Boeing about the ening our ability to fly more efficiently, threat years ago, he says. “But Boeing the A321XLR’s range capabilities open TIPPING POINT always thought the large 737 airline potential new destinations to further customer base would naturally gravi- develop our route network and provide tate airlines to the MAX. customers with more options to travel “In hindsight, a new aircraft small- the globe.” er than the NMA is the way to go with The A321XLRs will replace two- engine choice,” the executive continues. thirds of United’s remaining 757 fleet “There are many believers [in the con- and are logical successors to its 757- cept] in Seattle and among airlines. . . . 200s. The Aviation Week Intelligence [However, Boeing’s board] is in no rush Network Fleet Discovery database to jump into a new program that could shows the carrier has 53 757-200s, all cost north of $15 billion. The 777X configured with lie-flat business-class debacle and lack of customers weigh seats and used on both transatlantic heavily on any new capital allocation and premium U.S. transcontinental commitment.” routes. United also has 21 two-class No quick decisions are expected, 757-300s with standard domestic, re- though, with the NMA still “a project clining first-class seats, used mostly as of interest,” as Boeing CEO Dennis U.S. domestic hub feeders. Muilenburg put it recently. “They are The latest order also will see the not in a hurry to do anything new or airline leverage its East Coast hubs at United Airlines plans to serve addi- drastic until the MAX is revalidated Newark Liberty International in New tional destinations in Europe with its and back in airline service for at least Jersey and Washington Dulles Interna- incoming fleet of 50 Airbus A321XLRs. 4-5 months,” an industry source says. tional airports to “explore serving ad- While quiet explorations gauging in- ditional destinations in Europe” using terest in a new aircraft covering both the A321XLRS, the airline says. the NMA and MAX space are believed The United order pushes Airbus’ to be ongoing, Boeing is “in a tough A321neo firm-order backlog past 3,200 AIRBUS spot,” as one source describes it. “If they and further tightens its grip on the > LARGE 737 MAX CUSTOMER UNITED AIRLINES both that the aircraft is not suitable even talk too much about a new plane, 4,000-nm-plus narrowbody market. CHOOSES AIRBUS A321XLR for its long-range missions and that it it could be a brutal blow to the 737,” the Airbus advertises the A321LR’s range is not worth waiting for the NMA 2-3 source explains. “And without the 737 at 4,000 nm with 206 passengers, while LONG-RANGE A321NEO VARIANT TO REPLACE years beyond the Airbus delivery dates. revenue for the next 5-7 years, Boeing the A321XLR’s range is touted as 4,700 > “Whatever life was left in the NMA would face a financial nightmare.” nm. Boeing was working with lessor BOEING 757 FLEET might have just been extinguished,” Another challenge facing a revised, Air Lease Corp. (ALC) on a 4,000-nm- EXPANDING EXTENDING says Richard Aboulafia, vice president smaller version of the NMA that could range 737 MAX 9 before the grounding, > MOVE RAISES SERIOUS QUESTIONS ABOUT for analysis at the Teal Group. He be- (partly) replace the MAX is the en- but talks stopped. ALC was one of sev- VIABILITY OF CURRENT NMA CONCEPT lieves Boeing “needs a different mid- gine: “A new 30,000-36,000-lb.-thrust eral customers to place commitments dle-market strategy.” And “different” engine that is as reliable as the latest that led Airbus to launch the A321XLR to him means very different: “It’s clear CFM-56 could take 6-7 years to fully at the recent Paris Air Show. Jens Flottau Frankfurt and Sean Broderick Washington that this is a single-aisle segment.” develop and validate,” the industry ex- United also rescheduled deliveries of The Airbus A321XLR, with a range ecutive says. Given recent experience its 45 Airbus A350-900s as part of its of 4,700 nm, has built an impressive or- with introducing new engines, there is order, pushing them out to commence here has been growing uncertainty for some time der momentum since its launch at the little appetite among engine OEMs to in 2027. The carrier in 2017 converted around Boeing’s proposed new midmarket airplane 2019 Paris Air Show. Even Airbus CEO launch another program anytime soon. a 2013 order for 35 A350-1000s to 45 of (NMA), for now conceived as a small widebody tar- Guillaume Faury said, at the recent United operates 174 A320ceo-family the smaller, longer-range Airbus wide- geting the niche between the 737 MAX and 787. At the Dubai Airshow, “We underestimated aircraft but no A320neos. The longtime bodies and pegged them to replace 777- T the success of the A321neo.” 737 operator has all three MAX ver- 200ERs starting in 2022. same time, the continuing MAX grounding has raised questions United was not even an Airbus sions on order and had 14 in service— United has 55 777-200ERs—33 Pratt about that program’s longer-term viability, and the 777X is an- A320neo-family customer before the all MAX 9s—when the global MAX & Whitney-powered models that aver- XLR order. The other two big U.S. leg- fleet was grounded in March following age 20.5 years of age, and 22 GE-pow- other reason for concern rather than a relief. acy carriers, American Airlines and two fatal accidents in five months. The ered versions that are about two United Airlines’ Dec. 3 decision to concept. In addition, because the Delta Air Lines, already have large MAX fleet remains grounded while years younger, on average, than their order 50 Airbus A321XLRs as a re - MAX crisis is so much worse than A321neo orders in place—for 120 and Boeing finalizes changes demanded Pratt-powered fleet mates. It also has placement for a large part of its Boe- expected and the A321XLR is selling 100 aircraft, respectively. It is easy to by regulators. 19 Pratt-powered 777-200s that aver- ing 757 fleet, the same market Boeing so well, finding a MAX replacement conceive they also may be tempted to “The new Airbus A321XLR aircraft age about 23 years of age. The airline’s is targeting with the NMA—and to a sooner is becoming an increasingly convert some of those to the XLR. is an ideal one-for-one replacement for new-generation widebody fleet in- lesser extent with the MAX—could urgent issue. “Boeing vastly underestimated the the older, less efficient aircraft current- cludes 46 787s—12 -8s, 25 -9s and nine be the tipping point for the program, The United order is a nightmare A321neo,” says one senior industry ex- ly operating between some of the most -10s—as well as another 13 -9s and five the last bit of evidence for the OEM’s for Boeing in two ways: It shows that ecutive. “The A321neo has such strong vital cities in our intercontinental net- -10s on order, the Aviation Week Fleet leadership that it needs to revise the another large MAX customer believes momentum, the optimal timing [for a work,” says Andrew Nocella, United’s Discovery database shows. c

32 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 33 COMMERCIAL AVIATION

Condor Expects Clarity About ditionally been Condor’s strength. Lufthansa is also redefining its own New Owner in January strategy for the segment, having re- alized that its affiliate Eurowings has > THOMAS COOK FAILURE PUTS FINANCIAL PRESSURE ON CONDOR failed in the long-haul market. The subsidiary is now retrenching to focus on > CARRIER HAS RECEIVED SUPPORT FROM GERMAN GOVERNMENT short-haul operations. Its parent plans WHILE NEW OWNER IS SOUGHT to build a new long-haul franchise under a different brand, modeled on the Jens Flottau Frankfurt highly profitable Swiss leisure carrier Edelweiss, which operates out of Swiss n the German air transport market, billion, and its operating profit before International Air Lines’ Zurich hub in Lufthansa Group is far and away the special items reached €57 million, 32% close cooperation with its parent. Idominant player, a position further higher than a year earlier. Condor car- Meanwhile, Condor is looking strengthened as a result of the 2017 ried 9.4 million passengers, 7% more at ways to lower its unit costs, and bankruptcy of its biggest rival, Air than in the previous year. Teckentrup believes a 3-4% reduction Berlin. Following the collapse of leisure Condor administrator Lucas is achievable. “We are going through group Thomas Cook, another compet- Floether hopes the airline can exit the every contract; we need to slim down itor, Condor, is seeking rescue. While umbrella scheme in March or April. administration. And we are talking to tour operators and consumer groups That would require finding a new own- the unions” about new collective bar- lobby for Condor’s survival, the compa- er in January to allow time for regu- gaining agreements, Teckentrup says. ny faces a complex set of circumstances. latory and creditor approvals. While One important factor in the re - Condor was part of the Thomas Condor has been consistently profit- structuring is Condor’s aging Boeing Cook Group, which ceased trading able over many years, the workout pro- 767-300ER long-haul fleet. Many ob- Sept. 23 after a rescue plan led by cess may yet prove to be complex. “It servers argue that the aircraft need to banks and Chinese investor Fosun would be best to sell Condor as a whole. be replaced in the coming years, which

failed. The airline entered a scheme CONDOR called a “protective umbrella” Sept. 26, which temporarily shields it from cred- itors’ claims. The process is a special case in Germany’s insolvency legislation introduced in 2012, specifically designed for companies that are highly likely to be successfully restructured. Condor also has been granted a €380 million ($422 million) six-month rescue loan guaranteed by the German federal government and the state of Hesse; it Condor operates 16 Boeing 767-300ERs, must be paid back by the end of March. one of them painted in a retro livery. The closure of its parent, Thomas Cook, means it had scant financial reserves for the winter, as cash was pooled for all But a breakup is an option that we can- will require massive investment on top companies at the group level. With the not argue away,” Teckentrup says. of the acquisition price of the airline, Thomas Cook bankruptcy, Condor also European rivals such as EasyJet or which may scare off most potential buy- lost its biggest customer, responsible Wizz Air would be interested only in ers. However, Teckentrup disagrees: for buying around 15% of its seats. But Condor’s short-haul operation, if any- “The fleet is interesting for any inves- CEO Ralf Teckentrup says the airline thing. Lufthansa, by contrast, could tor,” he says. Most of the 16 767s are managed to almost entirely make up use a well-run long-haul leisure portfo- leased; only two are owned. Teckentrup for the shortfall within one month as lio like Condor’s. There have been dis- argues the aircraft can be phased out other tour operators chipped in. cussions among Germany’s many tour as leases expire and replaced over time, Condor expects to gain clarity operators to jointly invest in Condor, providing profit upside. On the other about its future ownership in January. but even for a group of them, the air- hand, the airline does not have firm Teckentrup says nonbinding offers for line would be a massive undertaking order commitments. Condor studied the carrier should come “in early to that may have to include the support 767 replacement options in 2018 and is mid-December,” adding, “We expect of financial investors. believed to have short-listed the Airbus a solution in January or maybe a few Other important market changes A330 and A330neo. days later.” Teckentrup stresses that loom. Tourism giant TUI Group an- Condor currently has a fleet of 58 air- he is convinced the company will not nounced it will enter the German long- craft, according to the Aviation Week have to be dismantled and “will emerge haul market next year, building a fleet Network’s Fleet Discovery database. stronger” from its current challenges. of Boeing 787s and flying them mainly Sixteen of these are owned. In addition The airline posted improved results to destinations where the group owns to the 767s, Condor operates 15 Boeing for the 2018-19 financial year ended hotels or needs transport for its cruise 757-300s, 26 A320-family aircraft and Sept. 30. Revenues were up 6% at €1.67 ship customers. That business has tra- one A330 leased from Air Tanker. c

34 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst COMMERCIAL AVIATION

Tough Road for New Norwegian Boss ing a feeder-traffic-boosting partnership with JetBlue. The efforts seem to be starting JACOB SCHRAM STARTS AS NORWEGIAN CEO JAN. 1 > to bear fruit. The airline revealed a NORWEGIAN SHORES UP ITS FINANCES, STREAMLINES ITS NETWORK 28% rise in third-quarter net prof- > it to 1.7 billion krone ($185 million) Helen Massy-Beresford Paris Oct. 24, against an 83% drop in net JOEPREISAVIATION.NET profit for the first urope’s biggest low-cost, long- nine months. haul carrier has a new captain. “Norwegian was EBut as a newcomer to the avi- in a difficult situation industry, Jacob Schram will be ation earlier this relying on his experience with com- year from an oper- plicated management challenges in ational and finan- other sectors to help Norwegian Air cial perspective,” Shuttle navigate through its ongoing Harvey says. “Slow- financial turbulence. ing growth, releas- Schram may not have jet fuel run- ing equity from ning through his veins—like many of noncore assets and the industry’s top bosses and his prede- eliminating capex cessor, Bjorn Kjos, a former pilot—but on the [A320neos] the 57-year-old has 30 years of experi- by setting up a ence in large international companies. [joint venture] And the Norwegian citizen has also The ongoing Boeing 737 MAX grounding has affected were feasible, but been working over the past year on Norwegian, which has 18 in its fleet. we didn’t know if projects related to the topic of “Future the company could Mobility 2030.” “Karlsen has done a lot of work over execute them all,” That experience will be useful to a 6-9 month period, particularly on the The airline has also been revamping an executive entering the industry as balance sheet,” says Davy Research its route network, cutting some long- calls for a reduction in the environ- analyst Ross Harvey. “The fact that haul transatlantic services to focus on mental impact of aviation intensify he will remain within the executive its more profitable routes and adding and operators look for innovative ways team will reassure the market that some seasonal flights. to cut their carbon footprint. This is the pragmatism and newfound disci- Analyst Papiomytis says: “Norwe- particularly important in Norway, pline he has brought to the company’s gian’s collaboration strategy with Jet- where the government has pledged operations will remain.” Blue and EasyJet is a step forward. that all domestic flights will NORWEGIAN Karlsen is behind the re- And the new CEO could bring capac- be zero emission by 2040. cent drive to shore up the ity growth down to a more manage- Schram is also the au- carrier’s finances, helping able pace.” thor of a management it acknowledge that its However, even if Norwegian is back book titled, The Essence of rapid expansion of both on track, there is still a ways to go. And Business, which details his fleet and network has been external factors are not helping either. role as CEO in the trans- overambitious. The airline The carrier has been affected by the formation of Statoil Fuel has started to take steps extended grounding of the Boeing 737 and Retail. His industrial toward its stated strategy MAX on its transatlantic network—it experience, albeit from a of focusing on profitability counts 18 of the type in its the fleet— different sector, will cer- and not growth. as well as Boeing 787 issues. And like tainly help him take on the Jacob Schram Norwegian says it raised other European airlines, it is contend- challenge of improving profitability for new capital through a placement and ing with intense competition, pricing Norwegian while there are still doubts convertible bond issue completed Nov. pressure and high costs as well as about the viability of the broader low- 5, leaving it “fully funded through scrutiny on the environmental impact cost, long-haul business model’s long- 2020 and beyond.” of aviation. All this makes for a tough term future. The fundraising was just the latest operating environment for airlines in “I believe the low-cost, long-haul in a series of steps, with a rights issue, Europe, where several have collapsed business model is sustainable, just not announced in January, underlining in recent months. the way Norwegian has implemented just how serious the carrier’s financial “The airline industry is character- it to date,” says Diogenis Papiomytis, situation has been. ized by strong competition and unfore- global program director for commer- Norwegian has taken other mea- seen events, but it is also an industry cial aviation at global business con- sures in recent months, including that is important to people every - sulting firm Frost and Sullivan. stepping up cost cuts, restructuring where,” said Schram. “Now my main The fact that Geir Karlsen, who aircraft orders to cut capital expen- focus will be to bring the company back has been acting CEO since Kjos’ de- diture, establishing a joint venture to to profitability and fortify the compa- parture, is staying on as chief financial reduce capital commitments, selling ny’s position as a strong international officer and deputy CEO is reassuring. noncore assets and aircraft, and form- player within the aviation industry.” c

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New Deals Suggest Dash 8-400’s the in-service out-of-production -100s, -200s and -300s. De Havilland cut a Run Could Go On transitional service agreement (TSA) with Bombardier that included estab- > DE HAVILLAND LINED UP 37 DASH 8-400 COMMITMENTS IN DUBAI lishing spare-parts hubs in Chicago and Frankfurt and smaller depots in > FINALIZING ORDERS WILL HELP THE COMPANY JUSTIFY Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo. Three RELOCATION OF PRODUCTION other TSAs cover on-site logistics support—basics such as transportation at Sean Broderick Dubai the co-located sites—information technology and administrative support. The ecently reborn De Havilland The Toronto-based company has agreements will bridge the gap while De Aircraft of Canada Ltd. left the a lot of work ahead if it plans to keep Havilland stands up its own functions in RDubai Airshow with commit- building new aircraft beyond June each area. And they may look di erent ments that translate into better than a 2023, when the lease deal on its produc- than legacy Bombardier’s setup. year’s worth of Dash 8-400 production. tion facility expires. But given where “We are now working on our plan- More important, the Dubai success it was six months ago, it has already ning, to say, ‘What would the De Havil- represents votes of confi dence from a come a long way. land distribution network look like?’” variety of customers in the company’s Formed when Longview Aviation Young says. ability to thrive as a commercial air- Capital bought the Dash 8 program— With the in-service fl eet’s needs ad- craft manufacturer. including support for out-of-production dressed, De Havilland can shift more attention to its long-term ah t strategy. Like any sensible De Havilland was a standout at Dubai, aircraft manufacturer, it is booking commitments that translate Total (Including working to match orders to more than a year’s worth of Dash Model In Service* Stored) with delivery slots. But De 8-400 production. DHC-8-100 156 208 Havilland faces the unique challenge of needing to DHC-8-200 76 97 fi nd a new home for its pro- DHC-8-300 209 243 duction facility if it wants DHC-8-400 539 563 to keep building aircraft well into the next decade. Total 980 1,111 Its deal with Bombar- * Does not include 131 in storage dier includes subleasing Source: ao ee eor lee coer o ce and shop-fl oor space to support Dash 8-400 production. But the land, prime real estate within the Downsview section of Toronto’s city limits, has been fl agged for redevelop- ment. De Havilland’s deal runs through mid-2023. Young says a short extension is possible, but if Dash 8-400s are going to be built SEAN ROERIAWST POTOS in, say, 2030, the work will De Havilland was arguably Dubai’s models, the current-production -400 be done elsewhere. biggest commercial aviation sector and the De Havilland Canada name, “We already started to look at lo- surprise, unveiling orders and letters which dates to 1928—from Bombar- cations where we could possibly go,” of intent (LOI) for 37 aircraft from dier, the new company began life as Young says. The company’s adminis- three operators and two lessors. Sev- De Havilland of Canada on June 1. It trative o ces, including its commercial eral customers spoke openly of eyeing inherited many former Bombardier group and engineering organization, follow-on orders as their fleet plans employees, including Young, a 30-year are likely to stay “roughly where we are fi rm up or their lessees step up. The company veteran and former head of today,” he says. Ideally, the production Dubai haul helped fi ll delivery slots be- the commercial turboprop program. It facility will be within commuting dis- yond the end of next year and to give also inherited a backlog of about 60 air- tance of Downsview as well, to mini- the company confi dence that its plan to craft—enough to keep the production mize sta turnover. stay in the regional aircraft production line busy until November 2020. “Final assembly line, preflight, business is more than a pipe dream. While selling more aircraft was a top paint—that would have to be moved “We are looking forward to building priority, an even more crucial step was somewhere,” Young says. “We haven’t aircraft for many years to come,” says getting support in place for the 1,100 defi ned where the somewhere is, but Chief Operating O cer Todd Young. Dash 8 family aircraft, including 500 of we know locations where we could go in

3 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst Ontario. Of course, we could go outside of Ontario,” he adds, noting that the aircraft manufacturer has attracted plenty of interest, and some incentive packages, from suitors. Young says the company is targeting mid-2020 as a loose deadline for finalizing its production plans. “At the end of the day, it’s going to be what makes the most sense for the program,” he says. In the meantime, Young and his team are working to give the company reason De Havilland will need more sales to explore a relocation. De Havilland and a new location for its assembly came into Dubai with some delivery line to keep Dash 8-400 production going. slots left in its fiscal 2020 production plan, which runs through next October. Bombardier’s turboprop expertise but “We have full confidence in their abil- Locking up all 37 commitments—three not the corporate-level burdens that ity to continue to grow and support the of which are firm orders—provides held the program back. Bombardier’s fleet and are very pleased to be part of enough backlog to fill all of fiscal 2021 priorities were almost always else- that growth story,” says Brett Hurst, and several months in 2022. Current where, and understandably so: The group managing director of ACIA Aero plans call for building 26-28 aircraft CRJ regional jet program helped es- Capital, which signed an LOI for three annually—a figure that could increase tablish it as airliner manufacturer, and Dash 8-400s in Dubai and plans to add if demand justifies the change. the C Series demanded significant at- more. “I think it will be better because While De Havilland is leaning on tention and funds during its 12-year de- it’s very focused. It’s not also the CRJs” Bombardier during its early days as a velopment and entry-to-service phases. or other models, he adds. “They’re stand-alone company, Young is confi- Operating as a business unit under so passionate about about the whole dent the new setup will be the best of Longview, De Havilland’s focus is sharp- program as a group. I believe they will both worlds. De Havilland inherited er—and its customers are buying in. make it work.” c

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AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 37 PROPULSION

NTSB Recommends Redesign tification tests performed when the CFM56-7B engine and 737-700 aircraft of Boeing 737NG Fan Cowls were certificated in December 1996 and December 1997, respectively, the > A FAN BLADE CRACK LED TO THE SOUTHWEST ACCIDENT NTSB found. New technologies and analytical > EARLIER INSPECTION METHODS WERE INADEQUATE methods developed since then will better predict how an FBO event affects Bill Carey Washington the engine and airframe, the board advises. irlines would have to retrofit ods used when the blades were last The separated fan blade in the thousands of in-service Boe- overhauled and lubricated. Southwest 1380 accident struck the fan Aing 737NGs with redesigned Metallurgical examinations of the case at the 6 o’clock position, at the bot- engine cowls if the FAA enforces an fractured fan blade found the crack had tom of the engine. During CFM56-7B NTSB recommendation stemming likely begun before the fan-blade set’s engine FBO containment certification from an engine failure on Southwest last overhaul in October 2012. At that tests, CFM had selected a fan blade re- Airlines Flight 1380 in April 2018. time, the overhaul process included lease position of 12 o’clock. The safety board Post-accident analyses by Boeing

on Nov. 19 announced NTSB “found that the fan cowl structure is its probable cause more sensitive and more susceptible to finding into the acci- failure when a separated fan blade im- dent, tracing its or- pacts the fan case near the six o’clock igin to a “low-cycle” position,” the NTSB states in an ab- fatigue crack in one stract of its accident report. of the fan blades in Among top-line recommenda- the left CFM56-7B tions, the board calls on Boeing to engine of the South- redesign the fan cowl structure on all west 737-700. The 737NG-series airliners and to install it separation of the fan on new-production aircraft. blade at its root— The NTSB recommends that oper- called a fan-blade-out ators retrofit the redesigned fan cowl (FBO) event—sent structure on in-service airliners. blade fragments into Boeing is working on a design en- the engine fan case hancement “that would fully address and compromised Separation of the fan blade at its root on Southwest Air- the safety recommendations from the the outer fan cowl lines Flight 1380 sent blade fragments into the engine NTSB,” it says, in a statement released structure. Frag- fan case and compromised the outer fan cowl structure. after the board’s probable-cause hear- ments of the fan ing. “Once approved by the FAA, that cowl, including a latch-keeper compo- fluorescent penetrant inspection (FPI) design change will be implemented in nent, struck the left side of the fuselage to find cracks; however, “the crack was the existing NG fleet,” the Boeing state- near the cabin window at Row 14, dis- not detected for unknown reasons,” the ment says. lodging the window and causing the board says. Responsibility for installing rede- rapid depressurization of the cabin. After an FBO event involving a signed fan cowls would fall mainly on The passenger in seat 14A was killed Southwest 737-700 in August 2016 that operators. Boeing counts 117 airlines in the chain of events that occurred on forced the pilots to land at Pensacola that fly 737NG-series airliners and the flight on April 17, 2018. It was the International Airport, engine manufac- 6,800 in-service aircraft. The manu- first fatality on a U.S. passenger airline turer CFM International developed an facturer reports just 47 unfilled 737NG since the crash of Colgan Air Flight eddy current inspection (ECI) proce- orders, including for the P-8 Poseidon 3407 in February 2009. There were dure that is performed during an en- naval variant. 144 total passengers and five crew on gine overhaul in addition to the FPI Having recently complete FAA-man- the scheduled Southwest flight from process. An ECI can detect cracks at dated inspections of high-cycle 737NGs New York LaGuardia Airport to Dallas or near the surface of a blade; an FPI for cracked fuselage parts, Southwest Love Field. Southwest Capt. Tammie can detect only surface cracks. would have to retrofit hundreds of Jo Shults and First Officer Darren -El CFM also developed an on-wing ul- 737NGs with redesigned fan cowls if lisor performed an emergency landing trasonic inspection technique that is the agency enforces the NTSB recom- at Philadelphia International Airport performed when fan blade “dovetail,” mendations. after the engine failed at 32,600 ft. or root ends, are lubricated, improving Southwest operates 509 Boeing Nineteen months after the accident, on visual inspections. 737-700s and 207 737-800s, according the NTSB determined the crack in the While the fan blade crack escaped to the Aviation Week Network’s Fleet No. 13 fan blade—one of 24 titanium al- detection in the Southwest 1380 acci- Data Services. The airline is storing loy blades comprising the fan—proba- dent, the “post-FBO” damage to the 34 grounded 737 MAXs at Southern bly could not have been detected when engine could not have been predict- California Logistics Airport, which it started, given the inspection meth- ed by structural analyses and cer - would not be affected. c

38 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst 2019

Transformational Tools Are Coming to MRO

Advances in Cabin Air Puriﬁ cation Who Pays to Retroﬁ t Leased Aircraft? Listen. Learn. Do. Repeat. Thanks to your feedback, we’re making good on promises made when we set up Embraer TechCare more than two years ago.

We’ve learned a lot from listening to our 1,700 customers. We followed their expert advice and made structural changes that have helped make our services better, support to be delivered faster and portfolio to be stronger.

Those improvements, for example, resulted in the exceptionally smooth, mature service entry of our new E-Jets E2, as well as the Praetor 500 and Praetor 600.

Our team of 2,300 TechCare professionals likes hearing the good and, more importantly, the not-so-good. That’s what makes us better. And everyone more competitive. It’s a process we never tire of repeating.

services.embraer.com InsideMRO Contents

MRO 4 NEWS BRIEFS & CONTRACTS MAINTENANCE CHECK

SAFETY & REGULATORY MRO 6 Timed Out Stepping Up MRO 7 Big Brother Is Watching MRO 8 ARSA Update Sustainability

INTERVIEW Efforts MRO 9 Ted Colbert “Carbon dioxide emitted A Q&A with the new CEO he end of this year will of Boeing Global Services usher in a new decade. from commercial flights Should we expect to rose 32% from 2013 DIGITAL T MRO 12 Digits and Devices see any major changes as to 2018.” Digital tools that could 2020 starts? transform MRO processes For one, the aviation industry will regulatory bodies will impose mandates. AIRFRAME need to focus more on sustainability. For instance, Harbison points out that MRO 15 Tricks of the Trade Look at the impact on and attention the UK’s Committee on Climate Change Examining the cabin to sustainability that 16-year-old Greta is considering charging passengers refurbishment market for Thunberg of Sweden has generated. based on the number of miles they fly, or aircraft transitioning between People in 150 countries protested in late banning frequent-flier programs, which leasing customers September to urge governments to do incentivize people to fly more. MRO 18 Clearing the Air more to halt global warming. Although In this month’s Viewpoint, Paul Stein, Projects are in the works to there are “many issues in play, Sweden’s Rolls-Royce’s chief technology officer, improve cabin air quality international air traffic is well down in points out several actions that aviation 2019,” about -2.3% so far, most likely companies can take now (see MRO influenced by flight-shaming, a trend 29)—from carbon-offsetting schemes to Thunberg has been promoting, says improving the availability of sustainable Peter Harbison, chairman emeritus of aviation fuels. CAPA–Centre for Aviation. Sustainability is going to be a big The European Parliament declared issue for the aviation industry in 2020. a “climate and environmental emer- It’s time to “think big and act small,” a gency” in late November, ahead of the popular business mantra that is very MRO 15 UN climate change conference being applicable to this issue. held Dec. 2-13 in Madrid. What is your company doing? Is it OPERATIONS The increased focus on sustain ability trumpeting its initiatives? MRO 22 Doing MRO Smarter is not going away. Sustainability is not just going to ST Engineering’s aerospace Speaking at the CAPA-Aviation Week be the issue of 2020—it will be an division is using new Airline Operations Leaders’ Summit, important issue for years to come. While technologies to increase Harbison pointed out that aviation aviation companies are developing MRO efficiency accounts for 2% of global greenhouse electric propulsion, creating biofuels MRO 24 Caerdav Sets New Course gas emissions, according to the Inter– and recycling aircraft, collectively we Investment from the UAE national Air Transport Association and need to do more to decrease emissions has enabled new training and the Air Transport Action Group. and make a smaller footprint. painting facilities in Wales While aircraft and engines’ efficien cy The aviation industry is more than has greatly improved, passenger traffic just an economic driver—it helps ENGINEERED is growing faster—and “carbon dioxide connect people worldwide. But it is a MRO 25 Evolving Doors emitted from commercial flights rose target of flygskam, or flight-shaming, Innovative materials and actuation systems make by 32% from 2013 to 2018,” 70% higher so the time is now to take steps to doors lower-maintenance than the International Civil Aviation decrease emissions—which probably Organization projections had assumed, will make the industry more efficient MROLINKS says Harbison. as well. c MRO 27 Cabin Comforts This means the aviation industry needs to do more to reduce emissions —Lee Ann Shay VIEWPOINT now—and communicate the steps it is MRO 29 Paul Stein taking to do so in a cohesive way. Keep up with Shay at Rolls-Royce If the industry isn’t proactive, there MRO-Network.com COVER: SARCOS is a good chance that governments or and on Twitter @AvWeekLeeAnn

AviationWeek.com/mro INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 MRO3 InsideMRO News Briefs

Highlights Contracts AJW Group extended a power-by-the- Widebody MRO Averaged $1,452 Per Flight Hour hour contract with Air Astana of Kazakh- Unit MRO costs remain an intense focus of airline managers, who often seek stan for its Boeing aircraft: four 757s and to benchmark their own expenditures against industry averages. The latest global data indicates that the world’s airlines spent an average of $1,452 per three 767s. fl ight hour on maintaining widebodies in 2018. This worked out to $5.7 million per aircraft for the year. These fi gures were provided by the International Air Ateliers Bigata of France was selected Transport Association’s Maintenance Cost Technical Group, which surveyed by Spairliners to provide Embraer E-Jet 37 airlines operating 1,666 widebodies averaging 8.8 years in age. Equivalent estimates for narrowbodies were $824 per fl ight hour and $2.5 component repairs starting in 2020. million for the year, based on reports from 50 carriers operating 2,649 jets averaging 8.9 years of age. For regional jets, MRO costs averaged slightly less, CAS Components of Alabama won a $817 per fl ight hour and $2.1 million per aircraft year. Regional jets averaged 7.5 ve-year component overhaul agreement years old and were reported by 13 airlines. Thirteen airlines reported an average of $993 MRO spen t per fl ight hour on turboprops averaging 7.8 years of age. with an unidenti ed major cargo airline to support high- ow pneumatics, air-cycle Sanad Combines Engine MRO, Finance Arms machines and mechanical accessories Mubadala Investment Co. is consolidating three of its businesses, including for 757Fs, 767Fs, MD-11Fs, and A300Fs. Sanad Aerotech and Sanad Capital, into a new entity that the parent company believes will allow the units to leverage their synergies to drive growth. CFM International finalized a 12-year, The new entity, named Sanad, combines engine MRO specialist Sanad $1 billion Leap MRO deal with Colorful Aerotech, gas turbine services provider Sanad Powertech, and engine and spares leasing specialist Sanad Capital into a single entity. Guizhou Airlines for 35 Airbus A320neos. “Sanad will spearhead Mubadala’s strategic investments in key technolo- It also booked a $4 billion Qatar Airways gies and capabilities to enhance and strengthen its global positioning,” says order to supply L eap 1As for 50 A321neos Badr Al-Olama, head of Mubadala Aerospace. “As a trusted partner providing in a deal that includes MRO support. holistic services in aviation and industrial MRO, engine fi nancing, and leasing, Sanad will play a key role in promoting Abu Dhabi as a global aerospace hub.” The new entity’s creation continues a process that has been happening at EFW in Germany redelivered its third con- the business unit level. Sanad Aerotech, formerly the aerospace segment of verted A330-200F (610) with Trent 700s to Turbine Services and Solutions, has been implementing advanced technolo- Egyptair Cargo. gies aimed at lowering costs and reducing turn times. Engine In-Service Fleets by Family, 2020 GE Aviation won a 12-year TrueChoice The number of global commercial aircraft engines in service is expected services agreement with China Southern to exceed 69,860 by the end of 2020. CFM56 will dominate the engine fl eet, Airlines for its avionics systems on 787s. holding one-third of the engine market in 2020, followed by the V2500 and CF34 with 9% and 8%, respectively. HAECO ITM won an Air Hong Kong contract to provide inventory (component) technical management support for Others 15% two A330-300Fs. CFM56 33% PW100G 3% PTGA 3% L otams of Poland extended its E-Jet heavy maintenance contract with KLM GE90 4% Cityhopper for 17 aircraft over the next CF6-80 4% ve years.

TRENT 7% Pratt & Whitney secured long-term PW100 7% V2500 9% EngineWise maintenance support agree- Leap 7% CF34 8% ments with Vietnam Airlines for 20 GTF- powered A321neos, China Southern Air- Source: Aviation Week 2020 Commercial Fleet & MRO Forecast lines for 24 GTF-powered A320neos and For more information about Aviation Week Intelligence Network data, China Eastern Airlines for its V2500s. go to awin.aviationweek.com Contract Source: SpeedNews

MRO INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro InsideMRO News Briefs

Highlights Contracts AJW Group extended a power-by-the- Widebody MRO Averaged $1,452 Per Flight Hour hour contract with Air Astana of Kazakh- Unit MRO costs remain an intense focus of airline managers, who often seek stan for its Boeing aircraft: four 757s and to benchmark their own expenditures against industry averages. The latest global data indicates that the world’s airlines spent an average of $1,452 per three 767s. fl ight hour on maintaining widebodies in 2018. This worked out to $5.7 million per aircraft for the year. These fi gures were provided by the International Air Ateliers Bigata of France was selected Transport Association’s Maintenance Cost Technical Group, which surveyed by Spairliners to provide Embraer E-Jet 37 airlines operating 1,666 widebodies averaging 8.8 years in age. Equivalent estimates for narrowbodies were $824 per fl ight hour and $2.5 component repairs starting in 2020. million for the year, based on reports from 50 carriers operating 2,649 jets averaging 8.9 years of age. For regional jets, MRO costs averaged slightly less, CAS Components of Alabama won a $817 per fl ight hour and $2.1 million per aircraft year. Regional jets averaged 7.5 ve-year component overhaul agreement years old and were reported by 13 airlines. Thirteen airlines reported an average of $993 MRO spen t per fl ight hour on turboprops averaging 7.8 years of age. with an unidenti ed major cargo airline to support high- ow pneumatics, air-cycle Sanad Combines Engine MRO, Finance Arms machines and mechanical accessories Where buyers and Mubadala Investment Co. is consolidating three of its businesses, including for 757Fs, 767Fs, MD-11Fs, and A300Fs. Sanad Aerotech and Sanad Capital, into a new entity that the parent com- suppliers connect. pany believes will allow the units to leverage their synergies to drive growth. CFM International finalized a 12-year, The new entity, named Sanad, combines engine MRO specialist Sanad $1 billion Leap MRO deal with Colorful Aerotech, gas turbine services provider Sanad Powertech, and engine and spares leasing specialist Sanad Capital into a single entity. Guizhou Airlines for 35 Airbus A320neos. “Sanad will spearhead Mubadala’s strategic investments in key technolo- It also booked a $4 billion Qatar Airways gies and capabilities to enhance and strengthen its global positioning,” says order to supply L eap 1As for 50 A321neos Badr Al-Olama, head of Mubadala Aerospace. “As a trusted partner providing in a deal that includes MRO support. holistic services in aviation and industrial MRO, engine fi nancing, and leasing, Sanad will play a key role in promoting Abu Dhabi as a global aerospace hub.” The new entity’s creation continues a process that has been happening at EFW in Germany redelivered its third con- the business unit level. Sanad Aerotech, formerly the aerospace segment of verted A330-200F (610) with Trent 700s to Turbine Services and Solutions, has been implementing advanced technolo- Egyptair Cargo. gies aimed at lowering costs and reducing turn times. Quickly fi nd what you need with an Engine In-Service Fleets by Family, 2020 GE Aviation won a 12-year TrueChoice intuitive, searchable database of The number of global commercial aircraft engines in service is expected services agreement with China Southern products and services. Connect with to exceed 69,860 by the end of 2020. CFM56 will dominate the engine fl eet, Airlines for its avionics systems on 787s. customers around the world through holding one-third of the engine market in 2020, followed by the V2500 and CF34 with 9% and 8%, respectively. HAECO ITM won an Air Hong Kong your company’s profi le on the premier contract to provide inventory (compo- global MRO marketplace that never closes. nent) technical management support for Others 15% two A330-300Fs. CFM56 33% Learn more at MROLinks.com PW100G 3% PTGA 3% L otams of Poland extended its E-Jet heavy maintenance contract with KLM Elizabeth Zlitni GE90 4% Cityhopper for 17 aircraft over the next Director of Sales CF6-80 4% [email protected] ve years. 913-967-1348 TRENT 7% Pratt & Whitney secured long-term PW100 7% V2500 9% EngineWise maintenance support agree- Leap 7% CF34 8% ments with Vietnam Airlines for 20 GTF- powered A321neos, China Southern Air- Source: Aviation Week 2020 Commercial Fleet & MRO Forecast lines for 24 GTF-powered A320neos and For more information about Aviation Week Intelligence Network data, China Eastern Airlines for its V2500s. go to awin.aviationweek.com Contract Source: SpeedNews

MRO INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro InsideMRO Safety & Regulatory

Timed Out LAZYLLAMA/ADOBE STOCK Industry has long advocated for an update to regulations that govern aviation maintenance training schools (AMTS). Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) part 147 was originally established under the Civil Aeronautics Admin- istration, circa 1958, and recodified into 14 CFR in 1962. Since that time, neither the regulation nor the subject areas it mandates schools to teach have significantly changed. Given the technological advances the aviation industry has made since then, 1950s teaching standards for would- be maintenance personnel are grossly inadequate. While schools have and do provide training above and beyond what is required for a mechanic airframe and/or powerplant (A&P) program, the part 147, 1,900-hr. seat-time mandate limits how much “extra” content a school can incorporate and remain marketable. FAA-certificated schools that offer the A&P as part of a The aviation education community seeks to bypass regula- degree program have the added challenge of competing with tors after waiting more than a decade for regulatory reform. other occupational pathway programs. Common educational standards set the minimum number of credits required for Accredited institutions could rely on the quality systems apan associate’s degree at 60 semester hours—or 1,800 clock proved under Education Department regulations, without hours—making it difficult for an AMTS to justify adding having to go through duplicative FAA approvals that exist more coursework to an already credit-heavy AMT degree. under today’s regulations and in the agency’s proposed revi- Regulatory relief has been slow in coming. A 2015 notice sions. of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) came eight years after an The draft language would also implement a community Aviation Rulemaking Advisory Committee submitted a for- request for the FAA to change the way it approaches dual mal recommendation to revise the rule. It took another four enrollment programs and allow AMTS to provide A&P con- years for the FAA to publish a supplemental proposal, an tent away from their primary locations (at a high school, extra step to make adjustments to the NPRM in response to for instance). Many aviation technical schools are prevented industry feedback. FAA officials have said they are still two from expanding their programs through off-site offerings years away from issuing the final rule, targeting publication under the current regulatory structure, a problem the com- in 2022. munity says is easily remedied through utilization of addi- Adding insult to the glacial pace, industry has serious tional fixed locations, something not currently available to concerns with the FAA’s proposed revisions to the rule. part 147 certificate holders. Comments submitted by the Aviation Technician Edu- The direct rule language relies heavily on imminent FAA cation Council (ATEC)—and supported by a coalition of airman certification standards (ACS) as a check on quality. trade groups including the Aeronautical Repair Station The new testing standard—being developed by an industry- Association, Airlines for America and the Regional Airline FAA working group and slated for publication in the summer Association—beseech the agency to adopt a performance- of 2020—will set forth the knowledge and skills required to based approach that defers to U.S. Education Department safely and adequately perform work on aircraft and compo- oversight for all matters concerning quality of education. nents and to act as the basis for the FAA written, oral, and ATEC says the FAA’s proposed rule is too restrictive, overly practical mechanic tests. prescriptive and would stifle an already inadequate pipeline Under the proposed framework, schools would use the of workforce personnel. testing standard as the basis for their curriculum, which Given the anticipated timeline and the high-stakes need for would ensure training and FAA testing are correlated and the new rule to withstand another 50 years of innovative tech- that A&P programs continue to evolve as the FAA continu- nological advances, industry has asked Congress to step in. ally revises the testing standards in line with industry needs. The Promoting Aviation Regulations for Technical Train- The agency would use FAA mechanic testing results to as- ing (PARTT) 147 Act—a bipartisan and bicameral bill cham- sess a school’s mechanic program and set a 70% target pas- pioned by Sens. Jim Inhofe (R-Okla.) and Tommy Duckworth sage rate for all AMTS students taking the FAA mechanic (D-Ill.) and Reps. Don Young (R-Alaska) and Cheri Bustos test. (D-Ill.)—would direct the FAA to replace the current part The PARTT 147 Act has been referred to the Senate Com- 147 with a new, community-draft rule. mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the Language in the PARTT 147 Act is largely derived from House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. regulatory text offered by ATEC in its comments to the origi- Those bodies will ultimately decide whether the legislation nal and supplemental FAA proposals. If it goes into effect, goes to the House and Senate floors for a vote. c the law would give the FAA oversight responsibility for a —Crystal Maguire program’s facilities, equipment and instructor qualifications.

MRO6 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro InsideMRO Safety & Regulatory

FAA.GOV Timed Out LAZYLLAMA/ADOBE STOCK Big Brother Industry has long advocated for an update to regulations that govern aviation maintenance training schools (AMTS). Is Watching Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) part 147 was originally established under the Civil Aeronautics Admin- The U.S. Department of Transpor- istration, circa 1958, and recodified into 14 CFR in 1962. tation Office of Inspector General Since that time, neither the regulation nor the subject areas (OIG) is looking into the FAA’s han- it mandates schools to teach have significantly changed. dling of its safety data analysis sys- Given the technological advances the aviation industry tem. In response to a congressional has made since then, 1950s teaching standards for would- mandate, the inspector general will be maintenance personnel are grossly inadequate. While evaluate and report back any new schools have and do provide training above and beyond information related to the FAA’s ef- what is required for a mechanic airframe and/or powerplant forts to improve the Aviation Safety (A&P) program, the part 147, 1,900-hr. seat-time mandate Information Analysis and Sharing limits how much “extra” content a school can incorporate (ASIAS) system since the program and remain marketable. was initiated in 2007. FAA-certificated schools that offer the A&P as part of a The aviation education community seeks to bypass regula- The ASIAS is a jointly led indus- degree program have the added challenge of competing with tors after waiting more than a decade for regulatory reform. try and government partnership that other occupational pathway programs. Common educational compiles data from a variety of sourc- standards set the minimum number of credits required for Accredited institutions could rely on the quality systems ap- es. The program provides tools and an associate’s degree at 60 semester hours—or 1,800 clock proved under Education Department regulations, without resources to analyze and disseminate hours—making it difficult for an AMTS to justify adding having to go through duplicative FAA approvals that exist aggregated and de-identified data to more coursework to an already credit-heavy AMT degree. under today’s regulations and in the agency’s proposed revi- proactively detect risks before ac- Regulatory relief has been slow in coming. A 2015 notice sions. cidents or serious incidents occur. Source data is compiled The FAA’s big data project is undergoing congressional of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) came eight years after an The draft language would also implement a community from a myriad of databases including the Aviation Safety Ac- scrutiny again, following years of delays. Aviation Rulemaking Advisory Committee submitted a for- request for the FAA to change the way it approaches dual tion Program (ASAP), FAA Service Difficulty Reports and mal recommendation to revise the rule. It took another four enrollment programs and allow AMTS to provide A&P con- the FAA Accident/Incident Data System. years for the FAA to publish a supplemental proposal, an tent away from their primary locations (at a high school, The FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 specifically direct- extra step to make adjustments to the NPRM in response to for instance). Many aviation technical schools are prevented ed the OIG to evaluate the agency’s efforts to “improve the HONEYCOMB MACHINED HONEYCOMB SANDWICH PANELS industry feedback. FAA officials have said they are still two from expanding their programs through off-site offerings ASIAS system’s predictive capabilities and solutions de- DETAILED PANELS CARGO LINERS SPECIALTY LAMINATES years away from issuing the final rule, targeting publication under the current regulatory structure, a problem the com- veloped to more widely disseminate results of ASIAS data in 2022. munity says is easily remedied through utilization of addi- analyses.” As part of the study, the OIG will also evaluate the Adding insult to the glacial pace, industry has serious tional fixed locations, something not currently available to FAA’s response to recommendations it made in a 2013 audit concerns with the FAA’s proposed revisions to the rule. part 147 certificate holders. report, to include establishing a mechanism for providing Comments submitted by the Aviation Technician Edu- The direct rule language relies heavily on imminent FAA safety inspector access to aggregate, de-identified data trends cation Council (ATEC)—and supported by a coalition of airman certification standards (ACS) as a check on quality. and developing guidance on how inspectors can use the data trade groups including the Aeronautical Repair Station The new testing standard—being developed by an industry- to enhance oversight, including integration with the Flight Association, Airlines for America and the Regional Airline FAA working group and slated for publication in the summer Standards Safety Assurance System (SAS). Association—beseech the agency to adopt a performance- of 2020—will set forth the knowledge and skills required to The previous audit found that ASIAS lacked advanced ana- based approach that defers to U.S. Education Department safely and adequately perform work on aircraft and compo- lytical capabilities and that aggregate results were not readily oversight for all matters concerning quality of education. nents and to act as the basis for the FAA written, oral, and available to aviation safety inspectors. The FAA concurred with ATEC says the FAA’s proposed rule is too restrictive, overly practical mechanic tests. all four OIG-issued recommendations set forth in the 2013 audit prescriptive and would stifle an already inadequate pipeline Under the proposed framework, schools would use the report. Those recommendations have since been marked as of workforce personnel. testing standard as the basis for their curriculum, which “closed” in the OIG Recommendation Dashboard. Neverthe- Given the anticipated timeline and the high-stakes need for would ensure training and FAA testing are correlated and less, the renewed look will focus on progress made since then the new rule to withstand another 50 years of innovative tech- that A&P programs continue to evolve as the FAA continu- to improve the system and provide better data access. nological advances, industry has asked Congress to step in. ally revises the testing standards in line with industry needs. According to a recent FAA release, 47 air carriers, 88 cor- INTEGRATED COMPOSITES The Promoting Aviation Regulations for Technical Train- The agency would use FAA mechanic testing results to as- porate operators, 12 educational institutions, five manufactur- TECHNOLOGY & SOLUTIONS ing (PARTT) 147 Act—a bipartisan and bicameral bill cham- sess a school’s mechanic program and set a 70% target pas- ers and two MROs contribute to the ASIAS program. The pioned by Sens. Jim Inhofe (R-Okla.) and Tommy Duckworth sage rate for all AMTS students taking the FAA mechanic agency has recently started targeting the business and gen- (D-Ill.) and Reps. Don Young (R-Alaska) and Cheri Bustos test. eral aviation communities in an effort to broaden the scope (D-Ill.)—would direct the FAA to replace the current part The PARTT 147 Act has been referred to the Senate Com- of its data and will soon expand its reach to the helicopter 147 with a new, community-draft rule. mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the industry. Language in the PARTT 147 Act is largely derived from House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. The OIG mandate is one of more than 400 directives Con- The Gill Corporation International Headquarters regulatory text offered by ATEC in its comments to the origi- Those bodies will ultimately decide whether the legislation gress passed down to other branches of the government in 4056 Easy Street • El Monte, CA 91731 USA nal and supplemental FAA proposals. If it goes into effect, goes to the House and Senate floors for a vote. c the 2018 FAA Reauthorization Bill. c Phone: 626-443-4022 • FAX: 626-350-5880 www.thegillcorp.com • Email: [email protected] the law would give the FAA oversight responsibility for a —Crystal Maguire program’s facilities, equipment and instructor qualifications. —Crystal Maguire

MRO6 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro AviationWeek.com/mro INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 MRO7 InsideMRO Safety & Regulatory

ARSA UPDATE New Risks on the Hill

PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP SIGNED Boeing, are watched and overseen by stations and finish the rulemaking on a multiyear FAA reauthorization bill the regulator,” DeFazio said during the drug and alchohol testing. Before the into law last October. Ordinarily, Oct. 30 hearing. Oregon Congressman had gotten to aviation policy would be on the back House Aviation Subcommittee work, California’s John Garamendi burner on Capitol Hill for the next few Chairman Rick Larsen (D-Wash.) echoed had introduced a union-backed bill years. But these are not ordinary times. those sentiments: “I see one undeniable to shame airlines that use contract If, as expected, Congress moves new conclusion: The process by which the maintenance (foreign and domestic). FAA-related legislation, it is a good bet [FAA] evaluates and certifies aircraft is Our industry’s critics ignore the that the MRO sector will be a target. itself in need of repair.” outstanding safety record and refuse The Boeing 737 MAX accidents have T&I Ranking Member Sam Graves to acknowledge that certification thrust the FAA’s aircraft certification (R-Mo.) cautioned against rushing to standards are the same for U.S. and process and terms like Organization judgment, saying that other potential foreign maintenance facilities. Foreign Delegation Authority (ODA) and causes of the 737 MAX accidents need repair stations are also essential the Maneuvering Characteristics to be explored, including pilot actions, to American air carriers operating Augmentation System (MCAS) into airline operations, maintenance and internationally as well as manufacturers the public consciousness. In addition training programs. “[A]ny issues should and MROs seeking to serve a growing to multiple investigations by safety be addressed, but only after we have global customer base. regulators, the House Transportation the benefit of various investigative What’s more, banning new foreign and Infrastructure (T&I) Committee work yet to be completed,” Graves certificates and making it harder for is also conducting its own, which said. “Jumping to conclusions before U.S. air carriers to send maintenance Chairman Peter DeFazio (D-Ore.) that work is complete risks doing more overseas would almost certainly lead to has called “the most extensive and harm than good.” retaliation against U.S. industry. More important investigation this Committee Such restraint may not win out. than one-third of U.S. repair stations hold has undertaken during my time on the DeFazio’s antipathy toward contract at least one foreign certificate. Those Committee.” maintenance—and foreign FAA- companies—and their employees— At recent House and Senate hearings, certificated repair stations in would suffer the consequences of a Boeing CEO Dennis Muilenburg particular—is well known and has maintenance trade war. described the steps his company has taken legislative shape in the form ARSA is stepping up efforts to make taken to address problems with the 737 of the Safe Aircraft Maintenance sure lawmakers understand the facts MAX and its own processes, including Standards Act (H.R. 5119). If passed and do not impose new mandates and establishing a board of directors safety into law, H.R.5119 would cause major restrictions that do more harm than committee and creating an internal disruptions for maintainers outside good. But we cannot do it alone. The product and services safety organization the country, U.S. air carriers operating whole industry must step up to ensure to review and elevate safety concerns. globally and American manufacturers Congress knows the important role The company has also restructured to seeking to provide product support repair stations play in making aviation require all engineers to report up to in growing foreign markets. U.S. the safest form of transportation. Boeing’s chief engineer. repair stations and their employees When lawmakers’ agendas are not “We know we made mistakes and would be made vulnerable to similarly based on the facts, and safety is not got some things wrong,” Muilenburg hostile policies from other civil aviation the overarching goal, the result is told lawmakers. “We own that, and we authorities, which would jeopardize policymaking at its worst. are fixing them. We have developed the certificates those companies Get more information, including improvements to the 737 MAX to hold and make it impossible to serve access to a “myths and facts” document, ensure that accidents like these never international customers. at arsa.org/legislative and keep tabs on happen again.” DeFazio’s fire has been fueled by H.R. 5119 at arsa.org/hr5119. c But that clearly will not be enough unions representing airline mechanics, for some members of Congress. “[The] which have stepped up media outreach Christian A. Klein is the managing 737 MAX accidents show that we need and anti-repair-station lobbying and member of Obadal, Filler, MacLeod & reforms in how commercial aircraft are faulted the executive branch for failing Klein and executive vice president of the certified and how manufacturers, like to increase scrutiny of foreign repair Aeronautical Repair Station Association.

MRO8 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro Safety & Regulatory Interview

ARSA UPDATE Boeing Global New Risks on the Hill Services’ New CEO PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP SIGNED Boeing, are watched and overseen by stations and finish the rulemaking on a multiyear FAA reauthorization bill the regulator,” DeFazio said during the drug and alchohol testing. Before the Inside MRO’s Lee Ann Shay conducted this exclusive interview into law last October. Ordinarily, Oct. 30 hearing. Oregon Congressman had gotten to with Ted Colbert, who transitioned to CEO of Boeing Global aviation policy would be on the back House Aviation Subcommittee work, California’s John Garamendi Services in October, from Boeing chief information officer and senior burner on Capitol Hill for the next few Chairman Rick Larsen (D-Wash.) echoed had introduced a union-backed bill vice president of information technology and data analytics. years. But these are not ordinary times. those sentiments: “I see one undeniable to shame airlines that use contract conclusion: The process by which the maintenance (foreign and domestic). If, as expected, Congress moves new Given your IT and data analytics back- them for many years. I’ve been working FAA-related legislation, it is a good bet [FAA] evaluates and certifies aircraft is Our industry’s critics ignore the ground, how much of an influence will with Dennis [Muilenburg] since I joined that the MRO sector will be a target. itself in need of repair.” outstanding safety record and refuse this have in your new role? the company. The Boeing 737 MAX accidents have T&I Ranking Member Sam Graves to acknowledge that certification thrust the FAA’s aircraft certification (R-Mo.) cautioned against rushing to standards are the same for U.S. and My degree is in industrial engineering. Given your industrial engineering back- process and terms like Organization judgment, saying that other potential foreign maintenance facilities. Foreign It’s a fun field because it brings together ground and work with cross-functional BOEING Delegation Authority (ODA) and causes of the 737 MAX accidents need repair stations are also essential everything—business, technology teams, that sounds like a natural back- the Maneuvering Characteristics to be explored, including pilot actions, to American air carriers operating and industrial optimization—so I’ve ground for this job. Augmentation System (MCAS) into airline operations, maintenance and internationally as well as manufacturers always had that balance of business and technology, and I’ve always led and It’s super important because The focus is on optimizing the sys- the public consciousness. In addition training programs. “[A]ny issues should and MROs seeking to serve a growing worked with a business mind first in our offerings—engineering and tem instead of suboptimizing pieces of be addressed, but only after we have global customer base. to multiple investigations by safety everything that I’ve done. Even though modifications, supply chain, digital, the system. Collaboration is a muscle regulators, the House Transportation the benefit of various investigative What’s more, banning new foreign behind the scenes I love technology parts business—do not exist in that we use a lot. It’s a way toward and Infrastructure (T&I) Committee work yet to be completed,” Graves certificates and making it harder for and can geek out on really technical isolation. It all has interdependencies getting to our glidepath of $50 billion, is also conducting its own, which said. “Jumping to conclusions before U.S. air carriers to send maintenance things, I’m a businessperson first, a with other parts of the business and which is a fun but big, audacious goal Chairman Peter DeFazio (D-Ore.) that work is complete risks doing more overseas would almost certainly lead to people leader and technologist. partners outside the company and with that I walked into. has called “the most extensive and harm than good.” retaliation against U.S. industry. More When this opportunity came, I’d our customers, from a demand, quality important investigation this Committee Such restraint may not win out. than one-third of U.S. repair stations hold been leading a pretty substantial IT and safety perspective. To continue to Last year, Boeing Global Services had has undertaken during my time on the DeFazio’s antipathy toward contract at least one foreign certificate. Those organization, one of the largest in the grow a business and find adjacencies, 17% year-over-year (YOY) growth. Are Committee.” maintenance—and foreign FAA- companies—and their employees— world. We made a lot of progress in it requires a ton of collaboration. You you on track for 2019? At recent House and Senate hearings, certificated repair stations in would suffer the consequences of a catalyzing the transformation of the don’t make decisions in isolation. company across every part of our value Within the company, you optimize Yes, we are on track for this year. In the Boeing CEO Dennis Muilenburg particular—is well known and has maintenance trade war. stream. There’s a natural extension to the supply chain and optimize your third quarter, we had 14% YOY revenue described the steps his company has taken legislative shape in the form ARSA is stepping up efforts to make leading a big transformation in a big ability to sell parts and get them to the growth, to $4.7 billion. We had orders taken to address problems with the 737 of the Safe Aircraft Maintenance sure lawmakers understand the facts company. Essentially, over the years right place at the right time by using of $6 billion and a backlog of about $21 MAX and its own processes, including Standards Act (H.R. 5119). If passed and do not impose new mandates and we have taught our IT leaders to run the rest of the value stream—capturing billion: The focus is creating more life- establishing a board of directors safety into law, H.R.5119 would cause major restrictions that do more harm than IT as a business, [to] focus energy and data and insights so you get to an envi- cycle value for customers. We estimate committee and creating an internal disruptions for maintainers outside good. But we cannot do it alone. The investments on the work that delivers ronment where there are no surprises the services market at $3.1 trillion over product and services safety organization the country, U.S. air carriers operating whole industry must step up to ensure the highest value to our business and and being able to use the intelligence 10 years. If you break down the busi- to review and elevate safety concerns. globally and American manufacturers Congress knows the important role to our customers. All I’ve done is take and feedback loop about demand and ness in pieces, you find market oppor- The company has also restructured to seeking to provide product support repair stations play in making aviation one step closer to being able to deliver quality, and feeding that back into the tunities and fill up the area under the require all engineers to report up to in growing foreign markets. U.S. the safest form of transportation. value to our customers. engineering organization for future de- curve to get to $50 billion. We’re on Boeing’s chief engineer. repair stations and their employees When lawmakers’ agendas are not I’ll take all of the skills that I’ve built sign work. the path to get there, but we haven’t over the years around leading people, A lot of people don’t realize that figured out everything yet. “We know we made mistakes and would be made vulnerable to similarly based on the facts, and safety is not leading large organizations and optimiz- information technology profession- We purchased KLX [Aerospace Solu- got some things wrong,” Muilenburg hostile policies from other civil aviation the overarching goal, the result is ing investment of resources and staying als often know a lot more about your tions] one year ago, and we’ve gotten told lawmakers. “We own that, and we authorities, which would jeopardize policymaking at its worst. focused on the customer. So it feels like business than you do because they are lots of good benefit from that. We call are fixing them. We have developed the certificates those companies Get more information, including a natural extension. This business in always trying to figure out how to get it Boeing Distribution Services (BDSI) improvements to the 737 MAX to hold and make it impossible to serve access to a “myths and facts” document, particular will have a strong underpin- things to work. We tend to keep a very now. There are a lot of synergies there ensure that accidents like these never international customers. at arsa.org/legislative and keep tabs on ning in technology. We all talk about the systemic mindset and focus on cause that will helps us grow—that’s been a happen again.” DeFazio’s fire has been fueled by H.R. 5119 at arsa.org/hr5119. c Fourth Industrial Revolution and the and effect. Especially in my previous big organic play. We just acquired [mo- But that clearly will not be enough unions representing airline mechanics, opportunities that brings to the indus- job, I tended to focus on the context of bile and web-based aviation application for some members of Congress. “[The] which have stepped up media outreach Christian A. Klein is the managing trial world. That’s not just about how a the value stream—design, engineer- provider] Foreflight, which will help us 737 MAX accidents show that we need and anti-repair-station lobbying and member of Obadal, Filler, MacLeod & company runs but also about how it de- ing, manufacturing, supply chain and grow and help us shore up solutions in reforms in how commercial aircraft are faulted the executive branch for failing Klein and executive vice president of the livers products and services to its mar- services. So many decisions we make that realm. We also need to drive op- kets. Stan [Deal] and Leanne [Caret], have an effect on that whole value erational excellence with everything certified and how manufacturers, like to increase scrutiny of foreign repair Aeronautical Repair Station Association. my peers, are partners, and I’ve known stream. we do—from safety to quality and

MRO8 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro AviationWeek.com/mro INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 MRO9 Interview productivity. Getting to $50 billion will think blockchain is very interesting the other elements of the ecosystem be about thoughtful organic plays and and could have a future. I wouldn’t say and environment so that we can better driving optimization for ourselves and we’ve gotten to the point where we’re predict the things going on around us. our customers. going to implement anything yet—it’s a We’re developing solutions in vertical technology-to-watch area that could be capabilities to demonstrate outcomes When do you think you’ll get to the $50 important in the future, for sure. and to demonstrate whether we can billion? trust algorithms or not. Over time, In conversations I have had with Stan we’ll realize the value of the data is the The goal is 2025. From a leadership Deal, he mentioned that the new mid- outcome and not just the data. There perspective, you have to shoot high. market airplane (NMA) would be a will be value in the data, but we’ll focus When we set up this business, we key piece of leveraging developments more of our attention on the outcomes believed it was important to pull across the whole life cycle—from devel- associated with using the data. We’ll together the services business from our opment to manufacturing to services. figure out the business case around commercial, defense and government sharing data. worlds into one business so we could Let’s put NMA to the side and look at There are ways to obfuscate specific take advantage of the life-cycle value the concepts you’re talking about. Mod- data points and use the data to deliver of our products to better serve our el-based engineering and model-based specific outcomes to solve problems. customers. By pulling it all together, enterprise is foundational for how we Big problems will pull us through this we can leverage a ton of economies of as a company move forward. When you over time. But right now it is hard— scale and talent that is focused on the start with model bases for everything— and our commercial world has not customer. I think the thesis for this is from requirements or part defini- caught up with how to assign value to absolutely right. You have to set a big tion—and you pull that thread through it and what it will look like over time. goal. That’s the only way you’ll drive engineering and design and into manu- Because once you have access to data the efficiencies needed to really serve facturing, it allows you to have digital and you solve a problem, you move customers well. twins. That basis of data and definition onto the next problem. Then the value flows right into services. Independent of of that data or solution diminishes very Are you planning any other supply chain any program, that work has to continue. quickly. There’s a business model that changes other than finishing the SAP We have to drive toward a model-based we haven’t quite figured out yet. Over implementation? future and a digital future because the time we will figure it out, and I think ability to pull that thread through to the partnerships will be important. Implementing SAP provides the core services world and provide a feedback Data is an asset, and we know lever- end-to-end process capability for the loop from the field and our customers aging data over time frankly is its own business. We will continue, as with any will be more and more important as we vertical or an extension of all of our ver- enterprise resource planning (ERP) design for safety and quality. We’re still ticals. So you have to be very thoughtful and supply chain environment, to drive making a lot of investments in a model- about how you use it, how you assign optimization. That is super important. based future, and that won’t change. value to it. And then there is a ton of Acquiring KLX and turning it into BDSI work that you have to do to stick with allowed us to learn a lot more about The industry still has concern about the foundations of integrity, availability how it was operating distribution ser- data ownership and how it’s used. Can and confidentiality of data. vices. Then that allowed us to better this be solved? optimize the whole. Does that relate to cyber? There’s a lot of synergy between From a human perspective, I think what our team is doing with Aviall there’s still a lot of fear about what the In my last role, part of my job was re- and with BDSI. Right now, we’re tak- data will be used for. If you extend our sponsibility for cybersecurity of the ening advantage of all of those synergies experiences from a personal perspec- terprise. There is also a role in ensur- that were in the thesis to bring KLX tive, with all of the cyberincidents and ing, with as much vigilance as possible, in-house in the first place. We’ve got a intrusion into our personal data get- the protection of all of our capabilities. lot of investment in used serviceable ting lifted from places we trusted, that Having that assurance that the data is materials, and we’re looking at how sets a context for that fear. what it says it is and is in the hands additive manufacturing can serve us Then we shift to our business world, of who it should be will continue to be from a parts perspective. That world and we realize that data is an asset. It’s important. It will be table stakes for is all about continuous improvement. a big asset that is difficult to assign a everything that we do and potentially That’s an area of our digital world that particular value. We will break through a differentiator over time. I’ve been involved with for a long time. this over time because most of the future capabilities that our industry will What most excites you about your new Speaking of ecommerce, is Boeing look- deliver—and the safety and quality that role, and what is most daunting? ing into blockchain? will be required—will require us to pull together disparate data. That data will We’re in a $3.1 trillion market—it’s This is another area of synergy have to come off of the airplane, the a huge market, so there are tons of between my old job and new job. We helicopter, the fighter jet, the engine, opportunities. I get excited about

MRO10 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro Interview productivity. Getting to $50 billion will think blockchain is very interesting the other elements of the ecosystem solving problems for customers. I If you have a model basis for all that be about thoughtful organic plays and and could have a future. I wouldn’t say and environment so that we can better know this sounds cheesy, but in the we do, then over time the ability to driving optimization for ourselves and we’ve gotten to the point where we’re predict the things going on around us. first century of our company, we leverage additive manufacturing be- our customers. going to implement anything yet—it’s a We’re developing solutions in vertical helped shrink the world. In the second comes even more powerful, because ReliableReliable News,News, technology-to-watch area that could be capabilities to demonstrate outcomes centry, we’ll help shrink the Universe, additive requires you to get parts defi- When do you think you’ll get to the $50 important in the future, for sure. and to demonstrate whether we can and our services business will be right nition to a machine and create. ConciseConcise FormatFormat billion? trust algorithms or not. Over time, there helping. The ability to grow our For artificial intelligence and analyt- In conversations I have had with Stan we’ll realize the value of the data is the business from the high teens in revenue ics, Greg Hyslop, our chief technology The goal is 2025. From a leadership Deal, he mentioned that the new mid- outcome and not just the data. There to a $50 billion objective—how do you officer, is a great partner, and our re- perspective, you have to shoot high. market airplane (NMA) would be a will be value in the data, but we’ll focus not get excited about that? search and technology team and our IT When we set up this business, we key piece of leveraging developments more of our attention on the outcomes For the second part, this world that team are looking at applications across believed it was important to pull across the whole life cycle—from devel- associated with using the data. We’ll we’re in has grown up in its parts the value stream. We are learning about together the services business from our opment to manufacturing to services. figure out the business case around and pieces. As a businessperson the application of artificial intelligence. commercial, defense and government sharing data. and a technologist, it’s daunting to In our world, because safety is so im- worlds into one business so we could Let’s put NMA to the side and look at There are ways to obfuscate specific think about how to really integrate portant, the microscope on algorithms take advantage of the life-cycle value the concepts you’re talking about. Mod- data points and use the data to deliver a bunch of capabilities that are is intense. And how do we bring our of our products to better serve our el-based engineering and model-based specific outcomes to solve problems. strong-performing and have lots of regulators along, too? There is a lot of customers. By pulling it all together, enterprise is foundational for how we Big problems will pull us through this value for customers. In your mind, work to be done in that area. we can leverage a ton of economies of as a company move forward. When you over time. But right now it is hard— you see orders of magnitude of more But I do think within the enterprise scale and talent that is focused on the start with model bases for everything— and our commercial world has not opportunity if you can really integrate and within the supply chain, we will customer. I think the thesis for this is from requirements or part defini- caught up with how to assign value to them. That’s big, and hard—doing that absolutely use more automation and absolutely right. You have to set a big tion—and you pull that thread through it and what it will look like over time. without disrupting customers and not artificial intelligence in our warehous- goal. That’s the only way you’ll drive engineering and design and into manu- Because once you have access to data hindering quality or safety. You’ve got es to be more efficient, to be able to the efficiencies needed to really serve facturing, it allows you to have digital and you solve a problem, you move to solve that one day at a time. predict demand signals and use that customers well. twins. That basis of data and definition onto the next problem. Then the value That’s how I’ve approached many big information to become more efficient SpeedNews is the source flows right into services. Independent of of that data or solution diminishes very problems in my career. I know there and right-size our inventories for cus- for relevant insights, news Are you planning any other supply chain any program, that work has to continue. quickly. There’s a business model that are synergy opportunities, but it’s hard tomers. We’re just starting to scratch and information powering We have to drive toward a model-based we haven’t quite figured out yet. Over to drive that without real integration. the surface. changes other than finishing the SAP commercial aviation. implementation? future and a digital future because the time we will figure it out, and I think And frankly, that involves people. Do Sent electronically, top ability to pull that thread through to the partnerships will be important. our people have the skills they need for There are a lot of 737 MAX aircraft Implementing SAP provides the core services world and provide a feedback Data is an asset, and we know lever- the future, and do we have the culture parked. From the services perspective, executives rely on its end-to-end process capability for the loop from the field and our customers aging data over time frankly is its own that we need for the future? what’s happening? unique, quick-read business. We will continue, as with any will be more and more important as we vertical or an extension of all of our ver- format to: enterprise resource planning (ERP) design for safety and quality. We’re still ticals. So you have to be very thoughtful Digitalization has to be part of this. And It’s the most important priority for and supply chain environment, to drive making a lot of investments in a model- about how you use it, how you assign what role do additive manufacturing, our company. We continue to work optimization. That is super important. based future, and that won’t change. value to it. And then there is a ton of robotics and virtual/augmented reality with the regulators on the plan to get ➤ Monitor your Acquiring KLX and turning it into BDSI work that you have to do to stick with and artificial intelligence play? planes back in motion with custom- competition. allowed us to learn a lot more about the foundations of integrity, availability ers as revenue-generating assets. Our The industry still has concern about ➤ how it was operating distribution ser- data ownership and how it’s used. Can and confidentiality of data. I try not to be a digital zealot—but team is right there with the broader Uncover new business vices. Then that allowed us to better this be solved? the fundamentals of business are team and being part of the training opportunities. optimize the whole. still there: You still need to manage piece as we implement new software Does that relate to cyber? ➤ Connect and network There’s a lot of synergy between From a human perspective, I think throughput, work in progress and cycle and all of the logistics required to get what our team is doing with Aviall there’s still a lot of fear about what the In my last role, part of my job was re- time. You still have to design products the planes back in the air. with industry leaders. and with BDSI. Right now, we’re tak- data will be used for. If you extend our sponsibility for cybersecurity of the en- that fit together and that mechanics Beyond our team working to get ing advantage of all of those synergies experiences from a personal perspec- terprise. There is also a role in ensur- can use safely. The “and” of technology the aircraft back in the air, we are that were in the thesis to bring KLX tive, with all of the cyberincidents and ing, with as much vigilance as possible, is always super important to me. It’s also engaged with customers affected Discover Leads in-house in the first place. We’ve got a intrusion into our personal data get- the protection of all of our capabilities. always additive and not subtractive. by the accidents. We’ve established lot of investment in used serviceable ting lifted from places we trusted, that Having that assurance that the data is We’ve done some experimentation a $100 million fund for the families Win Deals materials, and we’re looking at how sets a context for that fear. what it says it is and is in the hands around augmented reality (AR) and [of those killed in the Lion Air Flight Grow Your Business additive manufacturing can serve us Then we shift to our business world, of who it should be will continue to be virtual reality (VR) in the training 610 and Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 from a parts perspective. That world and we realize that data is an asset. It’s important. It will be table stakes for world and in the factories assisting crashes]. It’s been emotionally gut- is all about continuous improvement. a big asset that is difficult to assign a everything that we do and potentially our technicians and mechanics. Those wrenching for all of us. Learn More at That’s an area of our digital world that particular value. We will break through a differentiator over time. technologies will continue to mature. We believe in our products and aviationweek.com/speednews I’ve been involved with for a long time. this over time because most of the fu- VR goggles look really cool—but then services, and our goal is to work ture capabilities that our industry will What most excites you about your new when you dig in, you see you have to get with regulators and learn from Speaking of ecommerce, is Boeing look- deliver—and the safety and quality that role, and what is most daunting? a lot of data to that thing, and someone everything—learn, learn, learn from ing into blockchain? will be required—will require us to pull would have to wear it for how many everything and become a better together disparate data. That data will We’re in a $3.1 trillion market—it’s hours? So there are a lot of problems company. It’s an unfortunate pathway This is another area of synergy have to come off of the airplane, the a huge market, so there are tons of that need to be solved. It’s not trivial, to progress, but we will make the between my old job and new job. We helicopter, the fighter jet, the engine, opportunities. I get excited about and this isn’t a video game. company and industry better. c

MRO10 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro AviationWeek.com/mro INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 MRO11 Digital Digits and Devices Digital tools that could transform MRO processes

As digital technology transforms by hand or through automated analysis reporting times by up to 90%, shorten- both the strategy and tactics of MRO, with a ‘pass’ or ‘fail’ result.” ing turnaround times. Allegiant esti- a number of trending technologies Spectrum Metrology says InSpec’s mates that DentCheck inspection for are affecting efficiency, accuracy and increased accuracy enables an MRO to possible damage during induction of safety on the workshop floor. accept more parts, rather than reject four aircraft reduced the time required them. “Our customers report a 20-40% by traditional manual methods by 87%. SCANNING AND INSPECTION increase in yield,” Schrock says. Porta- Another scanning device with To save time and increase accuracy in bility means instant results, saving time slightly different capabilities is Shin- maintenance tasks such as inspections compared with sending parts to labora- ing 3D’s FreeScan X7, a hand-held or reverse-engineering of parts, many tories. According to the company, these laser 3D scanner developed in China. MROs are turning to hand-held scan- advantages have led General Electric The X7 is light, weighing just over 2 lb., ning devices. and other major engine OEMs, the U.S. and highly portable. It blends optics One of these is Spectrum Metrology’s Air Force and five of the top 10 global and inertia for scanning. 4D InSpec XL surface-defect gauge, airlines to adopt InSpec. The device can be used for several which measures in three dimensions Another inspection system is maintenance tasks, according to Shin- micro-defects such as scratches, nicks, 8Tree’s DentCheck, which also ana- ing 3D account manager Kevin Crit- pits, protrusions, radius of curvature of lyzes surface deformations, checking tenden. Using inspection software, X7 grooves, spheres and shafts and even for dents, bumps or waviness. It was can determine whether the shape of rivet geometry. Using a camera for sta- built to aviation specifications and is any part deviates from the shape of a bility, 4D InSpec is portable, allowing currently used by many airlines and computer-assisted design model. measurements on shop floors without MROs. Lufthansa Technik (LHT) se- In addition, X7 can reverse-engi- dismantling large parts. lected DentCheck for damage-map- neer a part. It first scans the area to For aircraft MRO, the device is most ping at all of its base maintenance be modified. Then reverse-engineering commonly used for measuring pits, facilities. Cathal O’Loughlin, head of software can create a computer-assist- nicks, wear, scratches and corrosion tooling for LHT base maintenance, ed design (CAD) model to simulate on parts being inspected, and then edge likes both the easy use and perfor - design challenges like fit, finish and blends of welds, rivets and grinds done mance of DentCheck. function before physical modification during maintenance, says marketing 8Tree CEO Arun Chhabra says case begins. “A lot of parts needing repair manager Ed Schrock. “We provide a studies at Delta TechOps, Allegiant Air, do not have CAD models—all they three-dimensional measurement of the EasyJet and TAP-M&E demonstrate have is the old, broken part,” Critten- area of interest, which can be analyzed that DentCheck reduces inspection and den explains. So engineers can scan

MRO12 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro Digital Digits and Devices Digital tools that could transform MRO processes

Henry Canaday Washington he digital age is steadily revolutionizing aircraft maintenance in many ways. Digitized data enables the powerful analytics that are transforming maintenance strategies. Sarcos Robotics’ Guardian XO exoskeleton can help workers lift But digital technology is also enabling many tools and heavy or awkward objects. Tdevices that can perform very specific maintenance tasks faster, more precisely and at lower cost. SARCOS ROBOTICS As digital technology transforms by hand or through automated analysis reporting times by up to 90%, shorten- the part, then fix the geometry by tak- same view of the maintenance problem. Logistics with actionable information both the strategy and tactics of MRO, with a ‘pass’ or ‘fail’ result.” ing turnaround times. Allegiant esti- ing dents out to produce a CAD model. A BMW study of a similar device found via the Internet of Things. a number of trending technologies Spectrum Metrology says InSpec’s mates that DentCheck inspection for Finally, X7 can assist computer-aided no difference between the effectiveness With a scanner on a glove, mechanics are affecting efficiency, accuracy and increased accuracy enables an MRO to possible damage during induction of machining, rapid prototyping or addi- of this type of remote collaboration and can scan hands-free. Saving 4 sec. a scan safety on the workshop floor. accept more parts, rather than reject four aircraft reduced the time required tive manufacturing. Data collected by assistance provided by a physically and reducing errors by up to a third, them. “Our customers report a 20-40% by traditional manual methods by 87%. FreeScan can be imported into soft- present expert. Lowery says a 75% Proglove says its smart data glove can SCANNING AND INSPECTION increase in yield,” Schrock says. Porta- Another scanning device with ware to produce a computer numerical- reduction in troubleshooting time can return its investment in a month. LHT To save time and increase accuracy in bility means instant results, saving time slightly different capabilities is Shin- control machine’s cutter path or guide be achieved. RealWear has had discus- estimates that Proglove has so far saved maintenance tasks such as inspections compared with sending parts to labora- ing 3D’s FreeScan X7, a hand-held a 3D printer to make a replacement sions with Emirates about putting an nearly 4 million hr. of work and prevent- or reverse-engineering of parts, many tories. According to the company, these laser 3D scanner developed in China. component. Magnetic MRO used the HMT-1 on board its aircraft to assist ed nearly 15 million scanning errors. MROs are turning to hand-held scan- advantages have led General Electric The X7 is light, weighing just over 2 lb., X7 for a refurbishment project for TUI. with inflight troubleshooting. LHT uses the wearable at check-in ning devices. and other major engine OEMs, the U.S. and highly portable. It blends optics A second potential application and packing stations for shipping air- One of these is Spectrum Metrology’s Air Force and five of the top 10 global and inertia for scanning. AUGMENTED REALITY AND WEARABLES would be ensuring safety compliance craft parts. The devices give workers 4D InSpec XL surface-defect gauge, airlines to adopt InSpec. The device can be used for several Also saving time—as well as physi- in line maintenance. Mechanics could visual, acoustic and touch feedback on which measures in three dimensions Another inspection system is maintenance tasks, according to Shin- cal effort by workers—are a variety use the HMT-1 to ensure they see and each step in their jobs. But Proglove’s micro-defects such as scratches, nicks, 8Tree’s DentCheck, which also ana- ing 3D account manager Kevin Crit- of wearable devices that are making comply with required checklists. wearable barcode scanners can be pits, protrusions, radius of curvature of lyzes surface deformations, checking tenden. Using inspection software, X7 their way into MRO environments. RealWear says the HMT-1 is more used anywhere there is a need to scan grooves, spheres and shafts and even for dents, bumps or waviness. It was can determine whether the shape of RealWear’s HMT-1 is a helmet- suited to outdoor use than the light- barcodes, explains spokesman Axel rivet geometry. Using a camera for sta- built to aviation specifications and is any part deviates from the shape of a mounted android PC, camera and dis- er—but more fragile—Google Glass Schmidt. Proglove could also be used bility, 4D InSpec is portable, allowing currently used by many airlines and computer-assisted design model. play that has been ruggedized for tough and has a longer battery life. Lowery to document which parts are built measurements on shop floors without MROs. Lufthansa Technik (LHT) se- In addition, X7 can reverse-engi- assignments and—through voice con- also argues that Microsoft’s Hololens into specific aircraft for configura- dismantling large parts. lected DentCheck for damage-map- neer a part. It first scans the area to trol—allows hands-free operation by is more designed for data display than tion control. “The benefit of our prod- For aircraft MRO, the device is most ping at all of its base maintenance be modified. Then reverse-engineering mechanics or other workers. RealWear reality. “We focus on reality first and ucts is that you wear them,” Schmidt commonly used for measuring pits, facilities. Cathal O’Loughlin, head of software can create a computer-assist- CEO Andy Lowery says the HMT-1 can then supplement it,” he stresses. stresses. “You do not have to reach for nicks, wear, scratches and corrosion tooling for LHT base maintenance, ed design (CAD) model to simulate help aircraft mechanics in two ways. Moving from the head to the hands, a conventional scanner gun.” on parts being inspected, and then edge likes both the easy use and perfor - design challenges like fit, finish and First, it enables remote collaboration Proglove says its smart data glove is LHT also uses the feedback option blends of welds, rivets and grinds done mance of DentCheck. function before physical modification between less experienced technicians reinventing scanning for a smarter on Proglove to identify aircraft-on- during maintenance, says marketing 8Tree CEO Arun Chhabra says case begins. “A lot of parts needing repair on-site and more experienced experts workforce. Saying it is one of the light- ground (AOG), high-priority items. manager Ed Schrock. “We provide a studies at Delta TechOps, Allegiant Air, do not have CAD models—all they at a distant location. Instead of making est, smallest and toughest barcode “That way, workers know right away three-dimensional measurement of the EasyJet and TAP-M&E demonstrate have is the old, broken part,” Critten- a phone call to collaborate on repairs, scanners in the world, Proglove con- which shipments need to go express,” area of interest, which can be analyzed that DentCheck reduces inspection and den explains. So engineers can scan the technician and expert can share the nects workers at Lufthansa Technik Schmidt says. If a parcel is for an AOG,

MRO12 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro AviationWeek.com/mro INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 MRO13 Digital the worker receives an AOG alert com- parts needs as well. people, and present on the screen an bining light, sound and vibration. Beep Analytics offers a tool for accurate 3D model of what is happen- For the very heavy-lift work in main- OEMs, distributors and other parts ing in the hangar during a work order.” tenance, mechanics may someday don suppliers to forecast demand for parts Revie says this twinning model has an exoskeleton—such as Sarcos Robot- accurately. CEO Jens Peder Pedersen enabled managers to increase produc- ics’ Guardian XO. The XO is a powered, says Beep’s demand forecasts are based tivity 20-30% in nonaerospace sectors, untethered, industrial exoskeleton suit on a supplier’s existing sales and prod- and he believes similar gains should be that improves human strength and en- uct data combined with aircraft fleet possible in aviation maintenance. durance without restricting the work- and MRO data that are available com- Ubisense offers hardware to track er’s freedom of movement. mercially. The company is also build- objects in hangars and can pinpoint Sarcos says the XO can enable working its own data sets for certifications objects in real time down to centime- ers to safely, comfortably and easily lift and parts manufacturer approvals ters. Its SmartSpace software exploits up to 200 lb. repeatedly and without (PMA). Beep reconstructs detailed location and identification data from exertion, strain or injury during an 8- aircraft bills of material tailored to the multiple sources including Wi-Fi, Blue- hr. workday. “The Guardian XO is able product portfolio of each of its OEM tooth, GPS, barcodes and RFID to track to perform physical activity that would or distributor customers. It also tracks physical locations and determine which otherwise be impossible for a single hu- aircraft movements, flight hours and tasks have been completed and which

man to perform, in environ- 8TREE remain to be done. ments where lifting of heavy Revie believes an MRO materials or awkward ob- digital twin created by jects is required yet cannot SmartSpace for aircraft be fully automated or aided maintenance has enormous by standard, mechanized lift potential. Making the most systems,” explains Sarcos of this would start by moni- Executive Vice President toring the physical world Kristi Martindale. with the right sensing tech- Maintenance tasks ideal- nologies, then transform- ly suited for the XO include ing this data and building lifting and manipulating a model that reflects MRO heavy parts or materials processes. The final step is such as tires, assembling or continually optimizing each maneuvering large pieces of process. equipment, overhead work Also focused on tracking and large-tool handling. The Airlines such as EasyJet and Allegiant are using DentCheck objects is Singapore-based weight of the suit, as well as Xerafy, which specializes in to reduce inspection and reporting times. its payload, is transferred high-performance passive through the suit’s structure to the cycles, and correlates this information metal RFID tags for better performance ground, thus offloading all the weight with design data. in industrial environments such as aero- the worker would otherwise bear as Beep typically needs supplier his- space. “We manufacture some of the well as the weight of the suit itself. torical sales data going back five years, world’s smallest and most durable RFID Sarcos says major benefits include but it can make demand predictions in tags, which make them uniquely suited increasing maintenance productivity other ways if necessary. Pedersen ex- to applications in aerospace,” explains and mechanic well-being, equalizing pects Beep’s algorithms to be very ac- product director Michel Gillmann. He the workforce by enabling more work- curate, within ±10% of the true figures. says Xerafy’s metal tags are especially er diversity in heavy-duty jobs and pos- The company is now working with a resistant to shocks, fluids, harsh chemi- sibly extending career longevity. The number of OEMs and distributors in cals and extreme temperatures. last two are especially important, giv- various stages of testing and imple- The company is seeing interest in en the shortage of aviation mechanics. menting its system. tool control and preventing foreign And exoskeletons may be coming Predictive maintenance for aircraft object damage at point of use. “MRO faster than you think. Martindale says parts requires building virtual doubles warehouse management is another the XO will be released to a select set of aircraft components. But this digital hot topic,” Gillman says. “Think of tool of customers in early 2020 and begin twinning approach can also be used at cribs that come fitted with detectors shipping commercially in the second a higher level of activity. Ubisense has for tool control in real time or hand half of 2020. been building digital twins of factories tools that embed RFID tags to support and workshops for 20 years. tracking and control.” PREDICTION AND TRACKING “We focus on real-time locations and Gillman believes the primary benefit Predictive maintenance is all the rage what is happening in the hangar dur- of Xerafy’s RFID tags would be pre- now, but in order for it to achieve ing maintenance work,” explains sales venting foreign object damage to tools maximum benefit, the whole sup - director Hugh Revie. “We can virtually on shop floors by automating tool con- ply chain must be able to anticipate represent tasks, tools, materials and trol and detection of missing tools. c

MRO14 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro Digital Airframes the worker receives an AOG alert com- parts needs as well. people, and present on the screen an conditions that may not be needed for bining light, sound and vibration. Beep Analytics offers a tool for accurate 3D model of what is happen- Tricks of the Trade the next lease configuration. A typical For the very heavy-lift work in main- OEMs, distributors and other parts ing in the hangar during a work order.” example might be meeting wear-and- tenance, mechanics may someday don suppliers to forecast demand for parts Revie says this twinning model has Examining the cabin refurbishment market for tear criteria for the existing cabin—a an exoskeleton—such as Sarcos Robot- accurately. CEO Jens Peder Pedersen enabled managers to increase produc- aircraft transitioning between leasing customers pointless exercise if the new operator ics’ Guardian XO. The XO is a powered, says Beep’s demand forecasts are based tivity 20-30% in nonaerospace sectors, wants to install its own cabin. This also untethered, industrial exoskeleton suit on a supplier’s existing sales and prod- and he believes similar gains should be circumvents a fairly common disagree- that improves human strength and en- uct data combined with aircraft fleet possible in aviation maintenance. ment in lease transitions over the def-

durance without restricting the work- and MRO data that are available com- Ubisense offers hardware to track SR TECHNICS inition of “normal wear and tear”—a er’s freedom of movement. mercially. The company is also build- objects in hangars and can pinpoint standard return condition but one that Sarcos says the XO can enable working its own data sets for certifications objects in real time down to centime- can mean different things to an airline ers to safely, comfortably and easily lift and parts manufacturer approvals ters. Its SmartSpace software exploits about to receive an aircraft and an ex- up to 200 lb. repeatedly and without (PMA). Beep reconstructs detailed location and identification data from iting lessee eager to see it out the door. exertion, strain or injury during an 8- aircraft bills of material tailored to the multiple sources including Wi-Fi, Blue- More often it is the new lessee or the hr. workday. “The Guardian XO is able product portfolio of each of its OEM tooth, GPS, barcodes and RFID to track lessor that pays; in the latter case, the to perform physical activity that would or distributor customers. It also tracks physical locations and determine which cost of the new cabin usually would be otherwise be impossible for a single hu- aircraft movements, flight hours and tasks have been completed and which factored into the lease rate. That said,

man to perform, in environ- 8TREE remain to be done. Lucas Mollan, chief technical officer ments where lifting of heavy Revie believes an MRO for CDB Aviation, notes a growing materials or awkward ob- digital twin created by trend for new lessees to undertake—or jects is required yet cannot SmartSpace for aircraft oversee—widebody cabin reconfigura- be fully automated or aided maintenance has enormous tions themselves. by standard, mechanized lift potential. Making the most systems,” explains Sarcos of this would start by moni- Cabin integrator SR Technics offers Executive Vice President toring the physical world design, engineering and MRO services. Kristi Martindale. with the right sensing tech- Maintenance tasks ideal- nologies, then transform- “Several reasons may be behind such ly suited for the XO include ing this data and building Alex Derber London developments, such as recent experi- lifting and manipulating a model that reflects MRO ence by [the] next lessee with similar re- heavy parts or materials processes. The final step is everal new aircraft and a range estimates. For example, consultancy configuration programs, and hence their such as tires, assembling or continually optimizing each of new cabin options have hit the IBA has calculated there were about ability and knowledge to undertake such maneuvering large pieces of process. Smarket over the last decade. For 900 lease returns in a 12-month period a program to make savings on cost and equipment, overhead work Also focused on tracking eye-catching technical innovation, Boe- from 2014 to 2015. lead times based on previous experience and large-tool handling. The Airlines such as EasyJet and Allegiant are using DentCheck objects is Singapore-based ing led the way with the 787’s oversized, This adds up to a significant volume and relationship with vendors and Part weight of the suit, as well as Xerafy, which specializes in electronically dimmable windows. More of work for MRO providers capable of 21 design organizations,” he says. to reduce inspection and reporting times. its payload, is transferred high-performance passive recently Airbus has had sales success performing cabin retrofits. David Campbell, executive vice through the suit’s structure to the cycles, and correlates this information metal RFID tags for better performance but ensuing production problems with SR Technics, for example, reports president and chief technical officer of ground, thus offloading all the weight with design data. in industrial environments such as aero- its Airbus Cabin Flex build. that two-thirds of its interiors busi- GECAS, agrees, highlighting cases in the worker would otherwise bear as Beep typically needs supplier his- space. “We manufacture some of the At the same time, the market has ness on the engineering side is from which large fleet-retrofit programs give well as the weight of the suit itself. torical sales data going back five years, world’s smallest and most durable RFID experienced a surge in the popularity aircraft transitioning between lessees. airlines volume-based pricing power. Sarcos says major benefits include but it can make demand predictions in tags, which make them uniquely suited of midlife aircraft, which in turn has Meanwhile, Brian Dowling, head of “Lessor and lessee may then come to increasing maintenance productivity other ways if necessary. Pedersen ex- to applications in aerospace,” explains prompted demand for cabin retrofits transactions and transitions for lessor an arrangement where the lessor con- and mechanic well-being, equalizing pects Beep’s algorithms to be very ac- product director Michel Gillmann. He to either refresh interiors for an air- CDB Aviation, says the market for nar- tributes toward the purchase of inte- the workforce by enabling more work- curate, within ±10% of the true figures. says Xerafy’s metal tags are especially craft’s existing operator or to adjust it rowbody cabin retrofits is “vast,” with rior parts with the lessee managing the er diversity in heavy-duty jobs and pos- The company is now working with a resistant to shocks, fluids, harsh chemi- to the needs of a new one as the air- most MRO shops and Part 21 design equipment purchase,” he says. sibly extending career longevity. The number of OEMs and distributors in cals and extreme temperatures. craft moves between leasing custom- houses capable of undertaking Airbus last two are especially important, giv- various stages of testing and imple- The company is seeing interest in ers or airline owners. A320 and Boeing 737 interior jobs. REGIONAL VARIATIONS en the shortage of aviation mechanics. menting its system. tool control and preventing foreign GECAS estimates that it transitions “Where the market changes is in the When choosing an MRO provider for And exoskeletons may be coming Predictive maintenance for aircraft object damage at point of use. “MRO about 100 aircraft each year between widebody arena, where the number of cabin work, a customer will often seek faster than you think. Martindale says parts requires building virtual doubles warehouse management is another airlines, although the actual number suppliers and vendors with demon- one capable of performing a concur- the XO will be released to a select set of aircraft components. But this digital hot topic,” Gillman says. “Think of tool can vary appreciably. The rough aver- strable capability in widebody recon- rent heavy maintenance check. In some of customers in early 2020 and begin twinning approach can also be used at cribs that come fitted with detectors age equates to about 8% of its portfolio, figurations is a much smaller pool to cases, this will mean choosing a provider shipping commercially in the second a higher level of activity. Ubisense has for tool control in real time or hand which if scaled to the wider leasing in- work from,” he adds. on the same continent, although most half of 2020. been building digital twins of factories tools that embed RFID tags to support dustry, means about 1,000 leased air- Who pays for reconfiguration work players in the cabin-replacement market and workshops for 20 years. tracking and control.” craft moving between operators—and when aircraft transition between leas- regard the competition for design, certi- PREDICTION AND TRACKING “We focus on real-time locations and Gillman believes the primary benefit needing new cabins—each year. es depends on negotiations between fication and material provision as global. Predictive maintenance is all the rage what is happening in the hangar dur- of Xerafy’s RFID tags would be pre- Obviously, the unpredictability of lessor, ex-lessee and new lessee. In “For cabin-reconfiguration work, now, but in order for it to achieve ing maintenance work,” explains sales venting foreign object damage to tools factors such as airline bankruptcies some circumstances, the former lessee one has fundamentally to deal with maximum benefit, the whole sup - director Hugh Revie. “We can virtually on shop floors by automating tool con- and mergers make this a hazy approxi- might contribute to the cost of the new three distinct groups: the design ply chain must be able to anticipate represent tasks, tools, materials and trol and detection of missing tools. c mation, but it is in the ballpark of other cabin in exchange for forgoing return houses that carry out the engineer-

MRO14 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro AviationWeek.com/mro INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 MRO15 Airframes ing; the parts suppliers such as seats Another important regional differ- any gains to some extent. and galley vendors that manufacture ence concerns the Chinese narrowbody At SR Technics, Odi also has ob - the parts; and the MRO facilities that fleet. Low-cost carrier (LCC) penetra- served greater appetite for Wi-Fi con- do the typical hands-on touch labor,” tion is relatively low in the country, and nectivity and in-seat power, for which observes Dowling. single-aisle operators tend to prefer the complexity of installation can be He sees few regional preferences dual-class configurations and young exacerbated by other factors. “Long for types of cabin configuration, not- aircraft. This means that many narrow- material lead times for certain parts ing more of a distinct delineation bodies will leave the country after their means that operators want to use the PATRICK DELAPIERRE/AFI-KLM E&M PHOTOS

Many carriers are expanding their first lease, often requiring conversion to inventory available on one platform on business-class sections at the the the single-class configuration favored in another platform, leading to complex expense of first class. other parts of the world. certification challenges,” he says. Another difficulty, says Mollan, is between low-cost carriers and full- WIDEBODY TRENDS that higher densities require seats with service operators. Campbell agrees, “The notable trend in widebody con- a minimum pitch of 28 or 29 in. “The adding that “large carriers tend to figuration is from a typical three-class number of such certified seat models value rigid cabin commonality while configuration, in an eight-abreast lay- to low-pitch levels is extremely limited, smaller carriers tend to be more flex- out, toward a much higher-density hence the ability to source some on the ible with cabin configurations.” nine-abreast layout, in either all-econ- second-hand market in any great num- Randolph Odi, SR Technics’ vice omy or some form of premium econo- bers is a challenge.” president of aircraft engineering and my at the front,” says Lucas Mollan, Campbell says that some seat sup- head of design organization, agrees and chief technical officer of CDB Aviation. pliers have responded by releasing describes a “higher acceptance of [in- Mollan also notes that customers more off-the-shelf products, although flight entertainment (IFE)] systems” in are increasingly asking for in-seat long lead times for cabin parts and the narrowbody fleets of American and power throughout the cabin for pas- work remain an issue. “The complex- Asia-Pacific operators than elsewhere, sengers’ personal devices, and that ity of the certification process, new which he attributes to longer flights in some are moving away from video- requirements such as HIC [head in- those regions, as well as intense compe- on-demand IFE in every seat as a re - jury criteria] and pressure within the tition that drives operators to improve sult. This trend could reduce some supply chain make it challenging to passenger services. “By contrast, most of the complexity of cabin retrofits, reduce lead times and costs for cabins narrowbodies in Europe will have lim- although new demands for connectiv- overall,” he says. ited or no IFE at all,” he says. ity and higher densities will mitigate However, he also observes that IFE

MRO16 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro Airframes ing; the parts suppliers such as seats Another important regional differ- any gains to some extent. costs have fallen due to more competi- creasingly complex,” observes Camp- One way to ease certain supply chain and galley vendors that manufacture ence concerns the Chinese narrowbody At SR Technics, Odi also has ob - tion and simpler system architecture. bell. Running against that trend is the pressures might be additive manufac- the parts; and the MRO facilities that fleet. Low-cost carrier (LCC) penetra- served greater appetite for Wi-Fi con- fact that “personal electronic devices turing, which can allow MRO providers do the typical hands-on touch labor,” tion is relatively low in the country, and nectivity and in-seat power, for which NARROWBODY TRENDS are likely to replace embedded IFE on to manufacture parts on-site. Indeed, observes Dowling. single-aisle operators tend to prefer the complexity of installation can be Narrowbody cabin reconfigurations shorter-range aircraft,” although he 3D printing within the aftermarket has He sees few regional preferences dual-class configurations and young exacerbated by other factors. “Long are simpler and cheaper than those for says the “jury is out on whether this will been applied more to interiors than any for types of cabin configuration, not- aircraft. This means that many narrow- material lead times for certain parts widebodies for many reasons. Aside extend to long-range aircraft.” other part of the aircraft. Even so, the ing more of a distinct delineation bodies will leave the country after their means that operators want to use the from the obvious fact that single-aisle SR Technics’ product sales director technology is still too young to have aircraft are smaller, their different mis- for aircraft engineering services, Oladi much application beyond prototyping. sion type means equipment such as lie- Olukolu, points out that while narrow- “A big advantage would be to im- flat seats and IFE is rarely required. body cabin work is somewhat less com- prove the availability of the right parts Furthermore, narrowbody customers plicated than for widebodies, “this cre- at the MRO location where the cabin are frequently low-cost carriers, for ates a false illusion because there are still work will be carried out,” says Odi. “The whom maximum simplicity across material lead times that are often over- conclusion, however, is that integrators fleets is desirable. On top of that, a looked.” His colleague, Odi, highlights the need to learn how to design and execute plethora of MRO providers with nar- passenger-service units that sit above projects that take 3D printing into ac- rowbody capabilities means airlines each seat as an example, while also count from the start. have more choice when it comes to noting that changes to cabin manage- doing the work. ment systems can require reprogram- EMERGING CABIN TRENDS If one were to judge modern air travel solely by the marketing of the biggest carriers, one might conclude that it had never been more luxurious, with passengers able to relax in private cabins, stretch out in double beds and nibble on gourmet offerings from the galley. The reality is very different; while ul- PATRICK DELAPIERRE/AFI-KLM E&M PHOTOS tra-luxurious offerings are a prime marketing tool, airlines increasingly favor premium-economy and business-class seating over first class. OAG data shows that in the past decade the number of first-class seats on offer between Lon- don and Los Angeles has fallen by 41%, with similar drops recorded on the Lon- don-Hong Kong and Singapore-Sydney routes, as well as many other city pairs. Many carriers are expanding their first lease, often requiring conversion to inventory available on one platform on Emirates is one of the few major air- business-class sections at the the the single-class configuration favored in another platform, leading to complex lines to have added first-class capacity expense of first class. other parts of the world. certification challenges,” he says. in the last 10 years, but even the world’s Another difficulty, says Mollan, is Higher-density preferences from LCCs ming services from original equipment biggest proponent of luxury flying is between low-cost carriers and full- WIDEBODY TRENDS that higher densities require seats with have put pressure on seat suppliers. manufacturers that match the changed having to adjust. In November, it was re- service operators. Campbell agrees, “The notable trend in widebody con- a minimum pitch of 28 or 29 in. “The configuration. “Such services typically vealed that Emirates would reconfigure adding that “large carriers tend to figuration is from a typical three-class number of such certified seat models Nonetheless, there is a growing trend have a long lead time and must be care- two A380s to feature more business- value rigid cabin commonality while configuration, in an eight-abreast lay- to low-pitch levels is extremely limited, for full connectivity across narrowbody fully planned from the start,” says Odi. class and premium-economy seating. smaller carriers tend to be more flex- out, toward a much higher-density hence the ability to source some on the and widebody aircraft, which adds to To minimize cabin turnaround Lie-flat seats in business class are ible with cabin configurations.” nine-abreast layout, in either all-econ- second-hand market in any great num- complexity, while the shift toward larg- times, cabin integrators also need to now regarded as essential for long-haul Randolph Odi, SR Technics’ vice omy or some form of premium econo- bers is a challenge.” er-gauge aircraft such as the Airbus carefully manage the mix of buyer- and flights, while innovation is also coming president of aircraft engineering and my at the front,” says Lucas Mollan, Campbell says that some seat sup- A321 and longer mission ranges are supplier-furnished equipment (BFE). to the economy cabin as airlines seek head of design organization, agrees and chief technical officer of CDB Aviation. pliers have responded by releasing causing many carriers to rethink their Odi points out that since the airline to offer increasingly personalized ser- describes a “higher acceptance of [in- Mollan also notes that customers more off-the-shelf products, although cabins. JetBlue, for example, operates orders the former, integrators like SR vices. “The increasing sophisitication flight entertainment (IFE)] systems” in are increasingly asking for in-seat long lead times for cabin parts and “all-core” and lower-density “Mint” Technics have no contractual relation- of travelers in all classes is increasing the narrowbody fleets of American and power throughout the cabin for pas- work remain an issue. “The complex- configurations of its A321s on domes- ship with the BFE supplier but in many the demand for a unique treatment. In- Asia-Pacific operators than elsewhere, sengers’ personal devices, and that ity of the certification process, new tic routes and has mooted plans for cases will still be expected to ensure tegrators who can use their creativity which he attributes to longer flights in some are moving away from video- requirements such as HIC [head in- a “reimagined transatlantic version” that all the necessary equipment is in to enable operators to take advantage those regions, as well as intense compe- on-demand IFE in every seat as a re - jury criteria] and pressure within the of Mint featuring more lie-flat seats as place on-time for installation. of this demand and find ways to gen- tition that drives operators to improve sult. This trend could reduce some supply chain make it challenging to well as a long-haul version of its core “The transparency of the actual on- erate more value will be successful in passenger services. “By contrast, most of the complexity of cabin retrofits, reduce lead times and costs for cabins economy layout. dock dates across different suppliers the future. Such success can only be narrowbodies in Europe will have lim- although new demands for connectiv- overall,” he says. “For longer-range narrowbody air- has been a challenge for the entire in- achieved through a paradigm shift in ited or no IFE at all,” he says. ity and higher densities will mitigate However, he also observes that IFE craft, interior configurations are industry,” says Olukolu. cabin design,” says Odi. c

MRO16 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro AviationWeek.com/mro INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 MRO17 Airframes D roects are in the works to imroe cabin air ualit

Pall Aerospace Corp. developed the rst cockpit fresh air ltration system for commercial aircraft application under an STC for DHL’s Boeing 757-200 freighters , approved by EASA in 2012.

hen American Airlines Flight fi ltered to screen out pathogens and activated carbon filters to remove 729 took o from London’s odors as it is recirculated. [volatile organic compounds (VOC)] Heathrow Airport on a “It is the bleed air that will be con– from the recirculated air,” he says. routine fl ight to Philadelphia on Oct. taminated with engine oils, mainly from In fact, suppliers of aircraft envi– 21, a strong odor engulfed the cabin of the compressor bearings compartment, ronmental control systems (ECS) the Airbus A330-300, prompting the as the oil seals leak—and all engine seals see opportunities in the field of fl ight crew to divert to Dublin, where leak,” says Tristan Loraine, cofounder cleaning cabin air and are developing it landed safely. News media reported of the London-based Global Cabin Air technologies to pursue them. that passengers complained of Quality Executive . At the Aircraft Cabin Air Interna– burning eyes and itchy skin. Of the 287 “In recent years, there has been tional Conference in London last customers and 12 crew onboard, two growing concern about the health risks September, Pall Aerospace Corp. crew members and one customer were of smoke and fume events from the announced that its aerospace team taken to the hospital for evaluation, bleed air, sometimes generated by the completed the fi rst full-system ground and all were released the same day. failure of an engine oil seal,” he notes. test of its Purecabin Total Air Filtration The source of the fumes was a clean- Loraine also reports that another System. Pall Aerospace aims for ing solution that spilled in the galley. inhalation hazard from bleed air is certifi cation of Purecabin on the Airbus While fume events are rare, they are hydraulic fl uid, which, he points out, is A320 family by mid-2020 as a full fresh a reminder that cabin air has poten- about 70% organophosphate. Although air cabin and cockpit fi ltration system, tial health risks. This is because the he adds that HEPA (high-efficiency according to Steve Simpson, senior air supply on nearly all turbine-driven particulate arrestance) filters have marketing director . He adds that by mid- aircraft is a combination of fresh and proven very effective at removing 2020, Pall Aerospace expects to certify a recirculated air. The fresh air pumped bacteria and viruses from recirculated sensor that will detect the presence of into the cabin is engine bleed air. Cur- air, Loraine points out that no engine oil, hydraulic and deicing fl uid in rently, the only exception is the Boeing regulations—only guidelines—exist as the air supply. The sensor will work in 787, which uses a separate, bleed-free to when they should be replaced. “Some conjunction with, or independent of, the system. Once in the cabin, that air is airlines are installing dual HEPA/ fi ltration system. Purecabin, Simpson

MRO1 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro Airframes D

says, will bring filtered bleed air to the not expected to be easy or inexpensive. air begins flowing into the cabin passenger cabin for the first time. “As with many projects, there are and cockpit through the air ducts. It employs a “high-performance technical issues that must be overcome. Seckinger stresses that the system roects are in the works to imroe cabin air ualit synthetic carbon” which, Simpson For this project, for example, we need is not a filter and has no filter- explains, has been extensively tested to make sure that airflow to the cabin system structural characteristics. by an independent laboratory against and the ability of the system to control “The component is quickly installed a wide range of chemicals. temperature is not appreciably affected seamlessly in the air ducts, has “We have demonstrated that this with the filters installed,” says Morrissey. no moving parts to wear out and synthetic carbon will mitigate the In the meantime, a new approach requires no scheduled maintenance,” presence of chemicals that may be to cabin air purification by Savannah- he remarks. The system weighs 2 lb., found in the cabin air supply, including based Aviation Clean Air (ACA) could including mounting hardware. The tricresyl phosphate, or TCP,” he notes. make it unnecessary to use the more number of components needed per “The Mist and Vapor Eliminators expensive filters in aircraft cabins aircraft depends upon the layout of the (MaVE) fresh air filters will also and cockpits, according to Mallie existing duct system. “As examples, a remove odors that originate from Seckinger, managing member. ACA Gulfstream G550 requires two, while a outside the aircraft or those that are was established in 2012 to develop and Boeing 737 requires four,” he says. due to system malfunction.” market its eponymous Aviation Clean The ACA component, Seckinger

He says the system has been AVIATION CLEAN AIR designed with a minimum-weight, low-maintenance approach. “Weight and maintenance were an important consideration for Purecabin, since it has to be integrated into an existing aircraft system,” he explains. Simpson confirms that a number Pall Aerospace Corp. developed the of new technologies are under rst cockpit fresh air ltration system for consideration for future filtration. commercial aircraft application under “However, we have to be careful an STC for DHL’s Boeing 757-200 freighters , approved by EASA in 2012. that by solving one problem, we do not create another,” he says. “For example, catalysis can be effective, although in some cases it may produce contaminants of more concern than those currently entering the system.” hen American Airlines Flight fi ltered to screen out pathogens and activated carbon filters to remove Pall Aerospace already has a 729 took o from London’s odors as it is recirculated. [volatile organic compounds (VOC)] successful track record with bleed Heathrow Airport on a “It is the bleed air that will be con– from the recirculated air,” he says. air filtration. The company created routine fl ight to Philadelphia on Oct. taminated with engine oils, mainly from In fact, suppliers of aircraft envi– a fresh air filter for cockpit retrofit 21, a strong odor engulfed the cabin of the compressor bearings compartment, ronmental control systems (ECS) on the Boeing 757-200 freighter— the Airbus A330-300, prompting the as the oil seals leak—and all engine seals see opportunities in the field of specifically powered by the Rolls- A mockup of the Aviation Clean Air system as it would look installed within a fl ight crew to divert to Dublin, where leak,” says Tristan Loraine, cofounder cleaning cabin air and are developing Royce RB211-535—certified by an 7.5-in. environmental control system duct on a Boeing 737. it landed safely. News media reported of the London-based Global Cabin Air technologies to pursue them. STC for DHL Aviation. Installed in that passengers complained of Quality Executive . At the Aircraft Cabin Air Interna– an existing air duct, the cockpit filter Air component, which is available for points out, was designed to achieve burning eyes and itchy skin. Of the 287 “In recent years, there has been tional Conference in London last has had full production approval since retrofit under an STC from Southern continuously improved air quality, customers and 12 crew onboard, two growing concern about the health risks September, Pall Aerospace Corp. 2012, under European Union Aviation Aviation Parts and Service (SAPS), along with surface purification, crew members and one customer were of smoke and fume events from the announced that its aerospace team Safety Agency (EASA) declaration of ACA’s certification engineering partner simultaneously. “Within just a few taken to the hospital for evaluation, bleed air, sometimes generated by the completed the fi rst full-system ground design performance (DDP) approval. and majority shareholder. seconds, it proactively and effectively and all were released the same day. failure of an engine oil seal,” he notes. test of its Purecabin Total Air Filtration To date, the DHL 757-200 freighters are As Seckinger explains, Aviation controls both existing as well as newly The source of the fumes was a clean- Loraine also reports that another System. Pall Aerospace aims for the system’s only application, although Clean Air’s ACA component is created odors, such as VOCs, including ing solution that spilled in the galley. inhalation hazard from bleed air is certifi cation of Purecabin on the Airbus other airlines, which Simpson is not at “100% green technology” since it those associated with, but not limited to, While fume events are rare, they are hydraulic fl uid, which, he points out, is A320 family by mid-2020 as a full fresh liberty to disclose, are considering it. is completely electronic, uses no fuel emissions and the fueling process,” a reminder that cabin air has poten- about 70% organophosphate. Although air cabin and cockpit fi ltration system, Stacy Morrissey, managing director of chemicals and produces no odors or he says. “It also eliminates cooking, tial health risks. This is because the he adds that HEPA (high-efficiency according to Steve Simpson, senior fleet engineering for American Airlines, harmful byproducts. “The technology cleaning and stale air odors, wherever air supply on nearly all turbine-driven particulate arrestance) filters have marketing director . He adds that by mid- reports that the carrier has been working replicates and accelerates nature’s the conditioned ECS air reaches.” aircraft is a combination of fresh and proven very effective at removing 2020, Pall Aerospace expects to certify a with filter manufacturers for the past natural cleansing, odor-elimination Seckinger says that the ACA recirculated air. The fresh air pumped bacteria and viruses from recirculated sensor that will detect the presence of several years on fresh air filtration and pathogen disinfection process component also kills existing as well into the cabin is engine bleed air. Cur- air, Loraine points out that no engine oil, hydraulic and deicing fl uid in systems by providing aircraft, facilities through an electronic ionization as newly created pathogens brought rently, the only exception is the Boeing regulations—only guidelines—exist as the air supply. The sensor will work in and support for full-scale ground tests. process,” he says. into the aircraft and spread by aircraft 787, which uses a separate, bleed-free to when they should be replaced. “Some conjunction with, or independent of, the However, she cautions that while the Activation commences when the servicing personnel, passengers or crew system. Once in the cabin, that air is airlines are installing dual HEPA/ fi ltration system. Purecabin, Simpson technology is promising, retrofits are aircraft’s ECS is switched on, and members through touching, coughing

MRO1 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro AviationWeek.com/mro INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 MRO19 Airframes or sneezing—throughout the cockpit 737. Seckinger reports that ACA can pneumatic or a more electric function. and cabin—significantly reducing the either sell the components individually “Bleed air usage is considered a fuel likelihood of flight-acquired diseases. to meet the airline requirements per penalty since it takes away some Initially installed on a Falcon 2000 their drawings for installation, or the energy generated by the engine for in 2014 under an FAA Form 337 Return vendor can manufacture any required a purpose other than propulsion. to Service following an alteration or hardware for the installation. Depending on the aircraft and ECS modification, the ACA component Lance Bartosz, chief engineer for configuration, for example, it could be is certified on in-production and in- aircraft cabin air quality at Collins more efficient to generate pressurized service Gulfstream jets—specifically Aerospace, confirms that the company air using an electric compressor.” the G450, GV, G550, G650 and G650ER, provides what is still the only 100% Collins Aerospace, he says, contin- either under an STC or Form 337. fresh air ECS on large commercial ues to work with its filtration partners Also certified on the Leonardo AW169 aircraft—currently the Boeing 787. As to develop ways to optimize the ECS helicopter, it is now on the verge of a he explains, the traditional pressurized and improve passenger comfort with commercial air carrier application for bleed air provided by the engine is air quality, humidity, temperature and the first time. replaced by electric-motor-driven fresh air flow rate. “The ACA component has been compressors that take in outside “In some cases, we may consider included with some airliner VIP ambient air and provide pressurized the addition of new equipment to configurations, specifically on the air for the cabin. “This completely improve the cabin environment. Boeing 737-800, 737 BBJ, 737 MAX 8, decouples the engine bleed air from the But adding new components such Airbus A320 and A330-200,” Seckinger cabin air and precisely tailors air flow as additional filters to an existing explains. “We see the airline market as to aircraft requirements throughout aircraft can adversely affect the cabin a growth opportunity, and, in fact, we all modes of operation, increasing conditions if the system is not properly are in talks with two airlines about a cabin comfort while reducing fuel engineered. While we try to minimize fleet retrofit.” consumption,” says Bartosz. the additional weight and maintenance While he could not disclose those With the arrival of more-electric associated with adding components, airlines’ names, he did comment aircraft, Bartosz explains that there inevitably it is unlikely to result in a that the focus is on the A320 and is now a tradeoff between traditional zero net impact,” he says. c

April 28-30, 2020 • Dallas, TX THE MAIN MRO EVENT 25 YEARS OF BRINGING THE MRO COMMUNITY TOGETHER!

One-on-One New in 2020 with MRO Innovate: Game Changers – Innovators looking to disrupt and change Oscar Munoz the way the MRO industry operates will have 7 minutes each to pitch their solutions to the MRO Americas audience. CEO, Next Up: How the new generation workforce is changing the way we do business. United Airlines MRO Go Live Theater in Exhibition - Featuring: Tech Talks, Interactive New Technology Demos and Ask the Experts – Your opportunity for live Q&A on topics including Blockchain, supply chain, cyber security and more!

MRO20 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro Airframes or sneezing—throughout the cockpit 737. Seckinger reports that ACA can pneumatic or a more electric function. and cabin—significantly reducing the either sell the components individually “Bleed air usage is considered a fuel JANUARY 22-23, 2020 likelihood of flight-acquired diseases. to meet the airline requirements per penalty since it takes away some CARTAGENA, COLOMBIA This is where Initially installed on a Falcon 2000 their drawings for installation, or the energy generated by the engine for companies make real in 2014 under an FAA Form 337 Return vendor can manufacture any required a purpose other than propulsion. to Service following an alteration or hardware for the installation. Depending on the aircraft and ECS #MROLA | connections for growth modification, the ACA component Lance Bartosz, chief engineer for configuration, for example, it could be and opportunity is certified on in-production and in- aircraft cabin air quality at Collins more efficient to generate pressurized service Gulfstream jets—specifically Aerospace, confirms that the company air using an electric compressor.” the G450, GV, G550, G650 and G650ER, provides what is still the only 100% Collins Aerospace, he says, contin- either under an STC or Form 337. fresh air ECS on large commercial ues to work with its filtration partners Speakers and panelists will share best practices, facilitate dialogue and help Also certified on the Leonardo AW169 aircraft—currently the Boeing 787. As to develop ways to optimize the ECS foster stronger relationships within the industry, regionally and as a whole. helicopter, it is now on the verge of a he explains, the traditional pressurized and improve passenger comfort with commercial air carrier application for bleed air provided by the engine is air quality, humidity, temperature and Speakers Include: the first time. replaced by electric-motor-driven fresh air flow rate. “The ACA component has been compressors that take in outside “In some cases, we may consider included with some airliner VIP ambient air and provide pressurized the addition of new equipment to configurations, specifically on the air for the cabin. “This completely improve the cabin environment. Boeing 737-800, 737 BBJ, 737 MAX 8, decouples the engine bleed air from the But adding new components such Airbus A320 and A330-200,” Seckinger cabin air and precisely tailors air flow as additional filters to an existing explains. “We see the airline market as to aircraft requirements throughout aircraft can adversely affect the cabin a growth opportunity, and, in fact, we all modes of operation, increasing conditions if the system is not properly are in talks with two airlines about a cabin comfort while reducing fuel engineered. While we try to minimize Carlos Andres Julián Mauricio Jonathan Berger Luis Bustillo Adolfo Carvajal fleet retrofit.” consumption,” says Bartosz. the additional weight and maintenance Alvarez Arenas Managing Director, Senior Manager, Engineering Director, While he could not disclose those With the arrival of more-electric associated with adding components, Digital Chair Aerospace Alton Aviation Procurement and Avianca airlines’ names, he did comment aircraft, Bartosz explains that there inevitably it is unlikely to result in a Transformation Engineering, School Consultancy Contracts, that the focus is on the A320 and is now a tradeoff between traditional zero net impact,” he says. c Leader, Avianca of Engineering Copa Airlines Universidad de Antioquia

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ing ST Engineering, ANZ, component Doing MRO Smarter maker Moog, and Microsoft, the airline simulated a defect in a polymer bump- ST Engineering’s aerospace division is using new er in the interior of a Boeing 777 air- technologies to increase MRO efficiency craft. Then ST Engineering Aerospace digitally transferred an aircraft part James Pozzi Singapore file for Moog to 3D-print on the ground while the aircraft was in flight. By the s an MRO provider with engi- reduced physical paperwork more than time the flight reached its Los Angeles neering expertise, ST Engineer- 80% and labor costs by 10%. location, the part was ready for use. Aing’s aerospace arm has never Like other MROs, ST Engineering is However, ST Engineering isn’t been shy of exploring technology to im- building its own algorithms to analyze stopping at 3D-printing parts just to prove its operations. As part of its Smart the flood of new data being generating replace existing components. It is also MRO initiative to increase efficiency by next-generation aircraft for main- working on the certification of addi- across its operations, the Singapore- tenance work undertaken at its shops. tively manufactured components with based company identified four key pil- “This started off looking at internal sys- aviation regulators to enable operators lars to achieving better results, includ- tems in areas such as inventory optimi- to get needed parts 3D-printed. ing digitization, data analytics, additive zation and manpower planning before Already having European Union manufacturing and automation. moving on to predictive and preventive Aviation Safety Agency certification Overseeing this strategy is Lee Hui maintenance across aircraft, engines for several aircraft interior parts, ST Fung, ST Engineering’s aerospace and components,” Lee says. Engineering is working toward similar sector’s vice president of smart MRO, ST Engineering Aerospace is using certifications with other regulators, in- who says the digitization pillar laid additive manufacturing for cabin de- cluding the FAA, to expand its parts the foundations of its efforts across sign and authorization work along with inventory list based on demand. This will begin with noncritical parts, before “going up the food chain” toward more critical components. Ultimately, ST Engineering’s plan for the additive manufacturing pillar is a move toward a supply chain 4.0 setup, with a virtual

ST ENGINEERING AEROSPACE warehouse enabling the development of 3D-printed cabin parts designed and certified by the company. Automated tools involving robotics have also been steadily introduced for repairs. These have included introduc- The company’s smart initiatives tion of a grinding robot to restore an include drone trials in Singapore. engine fan case, where it helped remove its abradable expoxy layer. A robotic arm has also been used to automate the task of manually polishing an aircraft’s its facilities in Singapore and overseas. printing of components. The company airfoil surface, reducing the time taken “Digitization was a very important first has several additive manufacturing- to polish one set of airfoils from around step,” she told Inside MRO during a vis- related projects in the trial phase. This 2,800 min. to just 1,000 min. it to its facility in late September. “The includes collaborating with third-party On the hardware side, it is also data generated through paperless shop airline customers to try out a virtual moving toward drones for inspection floor systems allows us to move into warehouse for cabin components, fo- work, developing its DroScan auto - data analytics and optimization.” cusing on parts frequently replaced or mated general visual inspection tool, In the digitization pillar that has un- with long procurement lead times. Air which uses data to carry out visual derpinned its efforts, ST Engineering New Zealand (ANZ), which has collab- inspection of an aircraft’s exterior, to has launched several projects. Some orated with ST Engineering on several eliminate safety concerns for techni- are active and being put into practice, technology-driven projects, is among cians inspecting at height while re - while others remain in the developmen- its customers in additive manufactur- ducing labor hours. The data ana- tal stage or are readied for trials. The im- ing, with the parties working together lytics tools will help identify defects plementation of its internally developed for several years to produce parts for spotted by the drone’s camera. ST ENVIS software system is one project the airline on request. Engineering hopes to gain approval that is active, leading to a full digitization This work has included combining from the Civil Aviation Authority of of operations at its engine MRO work- additive manufacturing with block- Singapore for DroScan’s commer- shop in Singapore. Since going live, ST chain to create a digital supply chain. cial rollout to airframe customers Engineering Aerospace says ENVIS has Earlier this year, in a project involv- by year-end. c

MRO22 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro Operations ing ST Engineering, ANZ, component Doing MRO Smarter maker Moog, and Microsoft, the airline simulated a defect in a polymer bump- ST Engineering’s aerospace division is using new er in the interior of a Boeing 777 air- technologies to increase MRO efficiency craft. Then ST Engineering Aerospace digitally transferred an aircraft part James Pozzi Singapore file for Moog to 3D-print on the ground while the aircraft was in flight. By the s an MRO provider with engi- reduced physical paperwork more than time the flight reached its Los Angeles neering expertise, ST Engineer- 80% and labor costs by 10%. location, the part was ready for use. VENUE: ETHIOPIAN SKYLIGHT HOTEL, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA Aing’s aerospace arm has never Like other MROs, ST Engineering is However, ST Engineering isn’t been shy of exploring technology to im- building its own algorithms to analyze stopping at 3D-printing parts just to prove its operations. As part of its Smart the flood of new data being generating replace existing components. It is also DATE: TUESDAY, 4 — THURSDAY, 6 FEBRUARY, 2020 MRO initiative to increase efficiency by next-generation aircraft for main- working on the certification of addi- across its operations, the Singapore- tenance work undertaken at its shops. tively manufactured components with based company identified four key pil- “This started off looking at internal sys- aviation regulators to enable operators lars to achieving better results, includ- tems in areas such as inventory optimi- to get needed parts 3D-printed. ing digitization, data analytics, additive zation and manpower planning before Already having European Union HOSTED BY: manufacturing and automation. moving on to predictive and preventive Aviation Safety Agency certification Overseeing this strategy is Lee Hui maintenance across aircraft, engines for several aircraft interior parts, ST Fung, ST Engineering’s aerospace and components,” Lee says. Engineering is working toward similar sector’s vice president of smart MRO, ST Engineering Aerospace is using certifications with other regulators, in- who says the digitization pillar laid additive manufacturing for cabin de- cluding the FAA, to expand its parts the foundations of its efforts across sign and authorization work along with inventory list based on demand. This will begin with noncritical parts, before “going up the food chain” toward more critical components. Ultimately, ST Engineering’s plan for the additive manufacturing pillar is a move toward a supply chain 4.0 setup, with a virtual

ST ENGINEERING AEROSPACE warehouse enabling the development of 3D-printed cabin parts designed and certified by the company. Automated tools involving robotics have also been steadily introduced for repairs. These have included introduc- Around 400 MRO, Training, airline and industry representatives from the world’s leading MRO, OEM & Training The company’s smart initiatives tion of a grinding robot to restore an Organisations and African airlines and aircraft operators will attend AFRICAN AVIATION 2020—30TH ANNIVERSARY include drone trials in Singapore. engine fan case, where it helped remove Comprising the 29th MRO Africa and 8th African Aviation Training Conference & Exhibition to discuss critical its abradable expoxy layer. A robotic industry issues, to spend valuable time networking with each other and to forge mutually-beneficial and lasting arm has also been used to automate the business relationships. This unique event will be held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 4th-6th February, 2020, and will task of manually polishing an aircraft’s be hosted by the Ethiopian Airlines Group. its facilities in Singapore and overseas. printing of components. The company airfoil surface, reducing the time taken “Digitization was a very important first has several additive manufacturing- to polish one set of airfoils from around OFFICIAL MEDIA PARTNER: SPONSORS & SUPPORTERS INCLUDE: step,” she told Inside MRO during a vis- related projects in the trial phase. This 2,800 min. to just 1,000 min. it to its facility in late September. “The includes collaborating with third-party On the hardware side, it is also Lead Sponsors: data generated through paperless shop airline customers to try out a virtual moving toward drones for inspection floor systems allows us to move into warehouse for cabin components, fo- work, developing its DroScan auto - data analytics and optimization.” cusing on parts frequently replaced or mated general visual inspection tool, In the digitization pillar that has un- with long procurement lead times. Air which uses data to carry out visual derpinned its efforts, ST Engineering New Zealand (ANZ), which has collab- inspection of an aircraft’s exterior, to has launched several projects. Some orated with ST Engineering on several eliminate safety concerns for techni- are active and being put into practice, technology-driven projects, is among cians inspecting at height while re - while others remain in the developmen- its customers in additive manufactur- ducing labor hours. The data ana- tal stage or are readied for trials. The im- ing, with the parties working together lytics tools will help identify defects plementation of its internally developed for several years to produce parts for spotted by the drone’s camera. ST ENVIS software system is one project the airline on request. Engineering hopes to gain approval For more info please contact: NICK FADUGBA, CEO that is active, leading to a full digitization This work has included combining from the Civil Aviation Authority of of operations at its engine MRO work- additive manufacturing with block- Singapore for DroScan’s commer- AFRICAN AVIATION SERVICES LIMITED shop in Singapore. Since going live, ST chain to create a digital supply chain. cial rollout to airframe customers Tel: +44 1206 844288 ♦ Email: [email protected] ♦ Website: www.africanaviation.com Engineering Aerospace says ENVIS has Earlier this year, in a project involv- by year-end. c

MRO22 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro Operations

The appointment of Jones led to a link being formed aera Sets with Dubai-based conglomerate MOBH Group, an investor primarily in real estate, making an initial foray into the aerospace sector. Just days before Dickinson sat down with e orse Inside MRO, Caerdav signed a memorandum of understanding with MOBH for a multimillion-pound investment for a new otential inestment from the Es maintenance facility along with pilot and cabin crew training has enable new training an facilities at the recently opened Bro Tathan business park. Caerdav expects the investment to be fi nalized by the end of aint facilities earmarke for this year before the facilities open in 2020. Jones says the addition of paint services for aircraft up James Pozzi onon to the size of a Boeing 767 will be an important capability expansion. “The paint facility is needed to attract more leasing his year’s re-branding of Cardi Aviation to Caerdav, companies and even existing customers to bring in more lease the MRO and pilot training business owned by Iron hand-backs and returns for us to repaint on-site and help to Maiden frontman Bruce Dickinson, signalled a rebirth make us a one-stop solution,” the Caerdav CEO says. for a company that had experienced a tempestuous few years. The new training and paint investments follow the Having set up the company seven years ago at St. Athan, addition of other capabilities during a busy 2019. First, South Wales, on the site of a former Royal Air Force Caerdav received FAA Part 145 repair station approval in maintenance base, Cardi Aviation acquired a steady stream of May, allowing the company’s MRO business to carry out airline and leasing customers CAERDA for base maintenance and Caerdav’s new investment will modifi cations work. However, include the construction of an the past few years have been aircraft paint facility. challenging. In 2017, there were unwelcome headlines about unpaid rent and overdue wages. Dickinson, who was plugging many of the company’s fi nancial holes, also expressed the need for fresh investment to help turn around the loss-making business. At Aviation Week’s MRO Europe in October, Dickinson was back in the UK having played to 60,000 fans at Iron Maiden’s concert at the Estadio Nacional in Chile’s capital Santiago just two nights before. Despite having flown more than 11,000 mi. overnight, he evidenced no sign of weariness when elaborating airframe and powerplant repairs on U.S.-registered aircraft. on the challenges the business has faced in recent years. In the summer, Caerdav also ventured into line maintenance “We found at lot of things we weren’t particularly by servicing ASL Airlines France’s Boeing 737-800 aircraft enamoured with in terms of how the business was being fleet at a Cardiff Airport line station as another way of run,” he said. Dickinson took 100% shareholder control of diversifying the business away from core base maintenance. the business in early 2019, leading to a clean-sheet approach With Dickinson hopeful that Caerdav will become profi table toward turning around a company that he says should have again in the fi rst quarter of 2020, the company is also prioritizing started to reverse its fortunes two years ago. “We set about job creation. It plans to launch a new apprenticeship program e ectively starting again. There was still good will from some in 2020, with a projected fi rst annual intake of 20. It also hopes existing customers such as TUI, but we wanted to bring back to increase its sta , now numbering around 100 . previous operators, one or two of whom, to be frank, had “We want to become a jobs engine,” says Jones, adding that bad experiences with the former Cardi Aviation,” he noted. its fi nancial plan projects 700 -800 employees being based at In addition to changes to its name and branding, the St. Athan within fi ve years. Dickinson adds that sta numbers company shook up its management. These changes included at the new paint hangar will not be large, but he believes the the addition of Joachim Jones as CEO in February, whose facility can be a “force multiplier” for the business overall due previous employment included heading up the aviation arm to the potential scale of extra work it can bring in to Caerdav of GulfCap from 2012 to 2016. as a one-stop shop. c

MRO2 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro Operations Engineered

The appointment of Jones led to a link being formed Structures, continues to evolve. In fact, aera Sets with Dubai-based conglomerate MOBH Group, an investor Evolving Doors according to Dave Dennison, vice presi- primarily in real estate, making an initial foray into the dent of engineering, the company holds aerospace sector. Just days before Dickinson sat down with Innovative materials and actuation systems are one patent on its proprietary technol- e orse Inside MRO, Caerdav signed a memorandum of understanding making doors lower-maintenance ogy, with several patents pending. with MOBH for a multimillion-pound investment for a new Dennison points out that due to the otential inestment from the Es maintenance facility along with pilot and cabin crew training Paul Seidenman and David J. Spanovich San Francisco increased toughness of the material, facilities at the recently opened Bro Tathan business park. compared to traditional epoxy-based

has enable new training an LATECOERE Caerdav expects the investment to be fi nalized by the end of assenger cabin and cargo com- thermoset composites, all doors suit- aint facilities earmarke for this year before the facilities open in 2020. partment doors and their com- able for composites would also be good Jones says the addition of paint services for aircraft up ponents have historically been applications for thermoplastics, with James Pozzi onon P to the size of a Boeing 767 will be an important capability high-maintenance items, given their the exterior panels being the biggest im- expansion. “The paint facility is needed to attract more leasing vulnerability to corrosion and high col- provement. “The material significantly his year’s re-branding of Cardi Aviation to Caerdav, companies and even existing customers to bring in more lease lision risk. Fortunately, OEMs and their reduces road rash and handling dam- the MRO and pilot training business owned by Iron hand-backs and returns for us to repaint on-site and help to suppliers are working to make their age, as well as reducing repair costs,” he Maiden frontman Bruce Dickinson, signalled a rebirth make us a one-stop solution,” the Caerdav CEO says. products more damage-tolerant and explains. “Also, the nature of the repairs for a company that had experienced a tempestuous few years. The new training and paint investments follow the less maintenance-intensive through will be inherently easier than traditional Having set up the company seven years ago at St. Athan, addition of other capabilities during a busy 2019. First, innovation in materials and parts. composite repairs, due to the ability to South Wales, on the site of a former Royal Air Force Caerdav received FAA Part 145 repair station approval in Lower aft and forward cargo doors melt patches to the laminate.” maintenance base, Cardi Aviation acquired a steady stream of May, allowing the company’s MRO business to carry out on passenger and freighter aircraft Dennison argues that welded ther- airline and leasing customers CAERDA tend to be most at risk for damage moplastics would also yield both cost for base maintenance and Caerdav’s new investment will from ground service vehicles and unit and weight-saving advantages. He modifi cations work. However, include the construction of an loading devices during the baggage and thinks a 10-20% weight savings could the past few years have been aircraft paint facility. cargo loading and unloading process, be achieved with thermoplastics over challenging. In 2017, there says Kin-Hung Chong, executive vice traditional composites when employing were unwelcome headlines president of Evergreen Aviation Tech- assembly techniques such as welding, about unpaid rent and nologies (EGAT) in Taiwan. The com- which do not rely on fasteners. overdue wages. Dickinson, pany specializes in both narrowbody Along with weight savings, Den- who was plugging many of and widebody MRO. nison cites corrosion resistance as a the company’s fi nancial holes, Passenger-cabin and lower-deck significant improvement—especially also expressed the need for doors, Chong explains, are inspected over metallic structures. “As compared fresh investment to help anywhere between 18 and 36 months for to thermoset composites, thermoplas- turn around the loss-making worn-out parts and seals. At EGAT, door tics will not absorb moisture or aircraft business. repairs are focused on external-surface The Boeing 787 debuted the world’s fluids, thereby improving their life-cycle At Aviation Week’s MRO and internal-cover damage, as well as first commercial airliner application costs.” Other advantages of thermoplas- Europe in October, Dickinson mechanisms, including rods, wiring and of an all-composite passenger door, tics versus thermoset composites are was back in the UK having actuators. To date, those repairs have developed and manufactured by greater shelf stability, no required re- played to 60,000 fans at been exclusively on metal doors. How- Latecoere. frigeration unlimited shelf life, no den- Iron Maiden’s concert at the ever, Chong acknowledges the trend to- sification, and optional autoclave use. Estadio Nacional in Chile’s ward lighter-weight composite doors but composite doors in aviation history. But he adds that since the technol- capital Santiago just two cautions that composite repairs will be He says Latecoere is the world’s larg- ogy is still maturing, a thermoplastic nights before. Despite having significantly more intensive—and cost- est independent supplier of aircraft door application has yet to be formally flown more than 11,000 mi. ly. “It is likely that damaged composite doors, including for passenger cabins, proposed for a specific airframe. Differ- overnight, he evidenced no sign of weariness when elaborating airframe and powerplant repairs on U.S.-registered aircraft. doors will be replaced and not repaired baggage and cargo compartments, and ent aerostructures are being targeted. on the challenges the business has faced in recent years. In the summer, Caerdav also ventured into line maintenance at the MRO,” he says. main deck doors for freighters. Among them is a thermoplastic eleva- “We found at lot of things we weren’t particularly by servicing ASL Airlines France’s Boeing 737-800 aircraft Nonetheless, composites appear “With these doors, a huge step has tor structure, announced on Nov. 4, as enamoured with in terms of how the business was being fleet at a Cardiff Airport line station as another way of to be one of the more promising and been achieved using composites in the a joint development and airworthiness run,” he said. Dickinson took 100% shareholder control of diversifying the business away from core base maintenance. proven innovations in door design and structure design,” Bouzat notes. “The demonstration agreement between the business in early 2019, leading to a clean-sheet approach With Dickinson hopeful that Caerdav will become profi table are already proving themselves with challenge now is to make a cheaper and Triumph Aerospace Structures and toward turning around a company that he says should have again in the fi rst quarter of 2020, the company is also prioritizing the eight passenger doors on the Boeing lighter composite design with new com- Embraer. Using induction welding, the started to reverse its fortunes two years ago. “We set about job creation. It plans to launch a new apprenticeship program 787. Those doors were designed, devel- posite materials and processes.” elevator will be fabricated of a unidirec- e ectively starting again. There was still good will from some in 2020, with a projected fi rst annual intake of 20. It also hopes oped and manufactured by Latecoere The 787 doors have proven to be very tional reinforced thermoplastic mate- existing customers such as TUI, but we wanted to bring back to increase its sta , now numbering around 100 . in France. robust, he adds. “From what Boeing has rial, which will be an industry first. previous operators, one or two of whom, to be frank, had “We want to become a jobs engine,” says Jones, adding that Stephane Bouzat, head of innova- told us, they have experienced very few The company is also contemplating bad experiences with the former Cardi Aviation,” he noted. its fi nancial plan projects 700 -800 employees being based at tion, research and technology pro - in-service issues,” Bouzat says. the use of thermoplastics on structures In addition to changes to its name and branding, the St. Athan within fi ve years. Dickinson adds that sta numbers grams, advanced engineering and But composite structures—including as large as wings, fuselage sections company shook up its management. These changes included at the new paint hangar will not be large, but he believes the intellectual property at Latecoere’s doors—may soon face serious competi- and empennages. “Doors would fit well the addition of Joachim Jones as CEO in February, whose facility can be a “force multiplier” for the business overall due Aerostructures and Interconnection tion in aerospace applications as new within this size,” says Dennison. previous employment included heading up the aviation arm to the potential scale of extra work it can bring in to Caerdav Systems Division, points out that the thermoplastic technology, now under Parent company Triumph Group of GulfCap from 2012 to 2016. as a one-stop shop. c 787 doors were the first commercial development by Triumph Aerospace announced in October that Triumph

MRO2 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro AviationWeek.com/mro INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 MRO25 Aerospace Structures will provide en- LATECOERE craft’s door. “If the locking is not done gineering and manufacturing services correctly, a warning light will appear for Jaunt Air Mobility’s Jaunt eVTOL in the cockpit,” he explains. “Using a all-electric aircraft. The airframe will proprietary process, Curtiss-Wright is utilize thermoplastics technology—in- providing less costly proximity sensors, cluding for the door. which have reduced door procurement At Saab Aerostructures, new devel- costs,” says Green. opments in aircraft-door technology in- Curtiss-Wright supplies the latching clude electro-mechanical actuation sys- mechanism for the 787 cargo doors, the tems as replacements for conventional rotary actuators for the 777’s and 767’s hydraulic actuation—at a similar weight small cargo doors, as well as rotary ac- and cost. “Electro-mechanical actuation tuators for the 777 freighter’s main and systems will avoid the maintenance lower deck cargo doors. More recently, tasks related to hydraulic actuators,” the company’s flight lock-actuator was explains Magnus Falk, vice president selected for the passenger door on the and head of business development, mar- new Mitsubishi Space Jet regional keting and sales. “Saab is also develop- Regulatory changes by Brazil’s avia- airliner. “The flight lock-actuator will ing new technology for the latching and tion authority required Latecoere to prevent the door from being opened in locking systems as well as the actuation make design changes for the flight by preventing the opening mecha- systems—especially for cargo doors.” passenger doors it supplies for the nism from deploying,” says Green. Along with that, new surface treat- Embraer E2 regional jet family. For the Embraer E2 jet, Latecoere’s ments compliant with European Union Bouzat reports that due to a regula- REACH (Regulation, Evaluation, Autho- passenger doors due to their size. tory change made by ANAC—Brazil’s rization and Restriction of Chemicals) The technology for rotary actuators aviation authority—additional door rules are being applied, along with inno- developed by Curtiss-Wright has con- mechanism and design features were vative joining methods that minimize the centrated mainly on limiting noise and mandated to improve passenger safety. number of mechanical fasteners needed. vibrations generated when a lower deck “The regulation changed between the “The new technologies are targeted cargo door is opened or closed. This E1 program and the E2, which required mainly at lower structural weight, to involves a proprietary gear design— us to add functions to achieve a lower fuel burn, making them similar to the gears that operate flight improve safety,” he good for the environment [and] the air- control surfaces—working in combina- explains. The man- CURTISS-WRIGHT ACTUATION GROUP line, and [to] lower cost of production,” tion with the actuator to reduce noise dated additions says Falk. and vibration, says Green. “By reduc- Asked if there have been door main- ing vibration as the door is opened and tenance or service issues that recent closed, so is wear,” he says. The actua- technology improvements by the OEM have addressed, Falk says such issues Curtiss-Wright Actuation Group have been minimal. That claim, he supplies the rotary actuator for notes, is based mainly on the OEM’s the main deck cargo door on experience with the Saab regional air- the Boeing 777 freighter. Rotary liner fleet and the fact that damage has actuators are designed and quali- been generated primarily from cargo fied for the life of the aircraft and handling and misuse of equipment and are an alternative to ball screw tools by maintenance personnel. actuation systems. “Also, hydraulic systems for opening and closing the doors will require tors are designed and qualified for the a certain amount of maintenance—as life of the aircraft. “They never come off all hydraulic systems will,” he adds. the aircraft,” he notes. “However, the [Saab] aircraft are typi- Some aircraft doors are operated by included incorporating securing fea- cally operated 24/7 with extremely little a ball screw system that is more main- tures on the locks and modifying the downtime due to problems with doors.” tenance-intensive due to lubrication emergency opening system to regulate Oliver Green, director of business de- issues. “Ball screw systems tend to be the door speed with the escape slide velopment for Curtiss-Wright’s Actua- more exposed to the environment and during an emergency opening. tion Group, reports that the group sup- are prone to pick up contaminants,” he “Also, due to feedback from opera- plies rotary actuators, which function points out. “But actuators are sealed.” tors of the E1 family, we simplified the as the opening and closing mechanism Curtiss-Wright also supplies the operating mechanism system to im- for the door. To date, he explains, ro- proximity sensors that are used to prove handle load—the force a flight tary actuators are mainly used on cargo check if the aircraft’s doors are closed attendant must exert to open and close compartment doors, although they are and locked correctly. Normally, 5-8 sen- the entry door—in order to ease opera- used extensively on the Airbus A380 sors are installed on a passenger air- tion of the door,” explains Bouzat. c

MRO26 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro

Aerospace Structures will provide en- LATECOERE craft’s door. “If the locking is not done gineering and manufacturing services correctly, a warning light will appear for Jaunt Air Mobility’s Jaunt eVTOL in the cockpit,” he explains. “Using a Cabin Comforts all-electric aircraft. The airframe will proprietary process, Curtiss-Wright is Lindsay Bjerregaard Chicago utilize thermoplastics technology—in- providing less costly proximity sensors, cluding for the door. which have reduced door procurement 1 At Saab Aerostructures, new devel- costs,” says Green. opments in aircraft-door technology in- Curtiss-Wright supplies the latching 1. Refurbishing the ‘In-Between’ Space customers, including removal of old cabin clude electro-mechanical actuation sys- mechanism for the 787 cargo doors, the equipment and the design, manufacturing tems as replacements for conventional rotary actuators for the 777’s and 767’s Company: C&L Aviation Group and installation of new interiors. Its interior hydraulic actuation—at a similar weight small cargo doors, as well as rotary ac- Specifications: C&L Aviation Group pro- capabilities include inflight entertainment and cost. “Electro-mechanical actuation tuators for the 777 freighter’s main and vides interior refurbishment services to both (IFE) replacements, galley modifications and systems will avoid the maintenance lower deck cargo doors. More recently, regional and corporate airline customers, seating layout changes. The company re- tasks related to hydraulic actuators,” the company’s flight lock-actuator was which it says puts it in a unique position to cently completed a complex cabin refurbish- explains Magnus Falk, vice president selected for the passenger door on the refurbish the “in-between” space of regional ment on four Airbus A330-200s for Virgin and head of business development, mar- new Mitsubishi Space Jet regional aircraft that are “elevated to a higher stan- Atlantic Airways, which it says was delivered keting and sales. “Saab is also develop- Regulatory changes by Brazil’s avia- airliner. “The flight lock-actuator will dard” (as in business aircraft) in-house. The 2 on schedule and in record time during the ing new technology for the latching and tion authority required Latecoere to prevent the door from being opened in company’s interior services range from cabin busy holiday season last year. The project locking systems as well as the actuation make design changes for the flight by preventing the opening mecha- elements such as sidewalls, headliners, included a customized trolley stowage systems—especially for cargo doors.” passenger doors it supplies for the nism from deploying,” says Green. carpet and stowage bins to complete re- unit as well as a cabin reconfiguration that Along with that, new surface treat- Embraer E2 regional jet family. For the Embraer E2 jet, Latecoere’s configurations. C&L is working with regional introduced business-class and premium- ments compliant with European Union Bouzat reports that due to a regula- carrier JSX to redesign Embraer ERJ 135 economy seating with IFE. REACH (Regulation, Evaluation, Autho- passenger doors due to their size. tory change made by ANAC—Brazil’s interiors with 30-passenger configurations, mrolinks.mro-network.com/company/ rization and Restriction of Chemicals) The technology for rotary actuators aviation authority—additional door including upgraded leather seating, LED sr-technics rules are being applied, along with inno- developed by Curtiss-Wright has con- mechanism and design features were lighting, electrical outlets and contemporary vative joining methods that minimize the centrated mainly on limiting noise and mandated to improve passenger safety. wood-design trim. 4. Interiors for All Aircraft Types number of mechanical fasteners needed. vibrations generated when a lower deck “The regulation changed between the mrolinks.mro-network.com/company/ “The new technologies are targeted cargo door is opened or closed. This E1 program and the E2, which required cl-aviation-group Company: Rose Aircraft Services mainly at lower structural weight, to involves a proprietary gear design— us to add functions to Specifications: As a full-service MRO and achieve a lower fuel burn, making them similar to the gears that operate flight improve safety,” he 2. Corporate Aircraft Interiors refurbishing center, Rose Aircraft Services good for the environment [and] the air- control surfaces—working in combina- explains. The man- CURTISS-WRIGHT ACTUATION GROUP provides complete interior refurbishing on line, and [to] lower cost of production,” tion with the actuator to reduce noise dated additions Company: Capital Aviation general, corporate, commercial and military says Falk. and vibration, says Green. “By reduc- Specifications: Operating for 26 years out aircraft. Its refurbishment services include Asked if there have been door main- ing vibration as the door is opened and of Wiley Post Airport in Oklahoma, Capital 3 upholstery, cabinetry manufacturing, floor- tenance or service issues that recent closed, so is wear,” he says. The actua- Aviation specializes in paint and interior plan modifications and upgrades, IFE and technology improvements by the OEM refurbishment for corporate aircraft. Capital design services, and it was recently contract- have addressed, Falk says such issues Curtiss-Wright Actuation Group Aviation’s interior capabilities include soft ed to provide interior upgrades for the U.S. have been minimal. That claim, he supplies the rotary actuator for goods, cabinetry fabrication and modifica- Air Force on C-21 aircraft. The company notes, is based mainly on the OEM’s the main deck cargo door on tion, floor plan and lighting changes and says it operates on a larger scale than most experience with the Saab regional air- the Boeing 777 freighter. Rotary entertainment-system upgrades. The com- other facilities, with dedicated departments liner fleet and the fact that damage has actuators are designed and quali- pany offers a cabin insulation product that focused on various interiors segments, which been generated primarily from cargo fied for the life of the aircraft and will not burn or produce toxic smoke when enables it to simultaneously upgrade as handling and misuse of equipment and are an alternative to ball screw subjected to high-temperature flames, which many as 20 corporate aircraft at a time. tools by maintenance personnel. actuation systems. it says is unique to the industry. Capital mrolinks.mro-network.com/company/ “Also, hydraulic systems for open- Aviation mainly serves customers from North rose-aircraft-interiors ing and closing the doors will require tors are designed and qualified for the America, but it has also completed major a certain amount of maintenance—as life of the aircraft. “They never come off projects for customers worldwide. 4 5. Seating Expertise all hydraulic systems will,” he adds. the aircraft,” he notes. mrolinks.mro-network.com/company/ “However, the [Saab] aircraft are typi- Some aircraft doors are operated by included incorporating securing fea- capital-aviation-inc Company: ACC Aviation cally operated 24/7 with extremely little a ball screw system that is more main- tures on the locks and modifying the 5 Specifications: ACC Aviation provides downtime due to problems with doors.” tenance-intensive due to lubrication emergency opening system to regulate 3. Interior Modification and Engineering aircraft seat refurbishment to customers Oliver Green, director of business de- issues. “Ball screw systems tend to be the door speed with the escape slide Services including lessors transitioning their aircraft velopment for Curtiss-Wright’s Actua- more exposed to the environment and during an emergency opening. and carriers operating older aircraft in need tion Group, reports that the group sup- are prone to pick up contaminants,” he “Also, due to feedback from opera- Company: SR Technics of refurbishment. Its interior-projects scope plies rotary actuators, which function points out. “But actuators are sealed.” tors of the E1 family, we simplified the Specifications: Swiss MRO SR Technics includes modernization of existing seats to as the opening and closing mechanism Curtiss-Wright also supplies the operating mechanism system to im- provides cabin modification and engineer- VIP upgrades; ACC Aviation also provides for the door. To date, he explains, ro- proximity sensors that are used to prove handle load—the force a flight ing services to Airbus and Boeing fleet wider support for the cabin, such as dividers tary actuators are mainly used on cargo check if the aircraft’s doors are closed attendant must exert to open and close compartment doors, although they are and locked correctly. Normally, 5-8 sen- the entry door—in order to ease opera- Go to MROLinks.com for more information. used extensively on the Airbus A380 sors are installed on a passenger air- tion of the door,” explains Bouzat. c

MRO26 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro AviationWeek.com/mro INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 MRO27

and galleys, via its partnered network of suppliers. ACC Aviation says it holds the world’s larg- 6. Minimizing Downtime est platform of aftermarket seat availability and provides specialist procurement services for interior parts. It recently worked on an Airbus A330 cabin retrofit for seasonal Hajj service—fit- Company: Flying Colours Corp. ting the new cabin and first-class seating with an economic option suitable for heavy rotation, Specifications: Flying Colours Corp. which allowed the carrier to move to a full-economy layout during the busy Hajj period. specializes in refurbishment of midsize- to mrolinks.mro-network.com/company/acc-interiors large-cabin business jets for executive, private and corporate owners as well as special-mission modification of interiors. 6 Since the company also offers maintenance, avionics upgrades, exterior paintwork and repair, Flying Colours says it can help customers minimize downtime. This year, it announced expansion at all of its facilities, including new ones in St. Louis, Peterborough (Ontario) and Singapore. The latter recently completed the refurbishment of a Bombardier Global XRS for a China-based customer. Flying Colours is about to begin a Challenger 850 project that will include a complete maintenance overhaul and interior overhaul to fully remodel the cabin. mrolinks.mro-network.com/ company/flying-colours-corp

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MRO Prospector provides ■ Insight into airframe, engine and With a newly designed user in-depth details and reliable landing gear opportunities going interface and enhanced contracts, data that enables subscribers out 1, 2 and 3 years now is the perfect time to see to locate new business ■ Details on the work being MRO Prospector for yourself. opportunities fi rst: done by global MRO providers Call 866.857.0148 ■ A continually growing (within N. America), contracts database +1.847.763.9147 or go to pgs.aviationweek.com/MROP

MRO28 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro Viewpoint PAUL STEIN Chief technology officer for Rolls- Royce since 2017, Stein has held senior scientific and technology positions since 2010. and galleys, via its partnered network of suppliers. ACC Aviation says it holds the world’s larg- 6. Minimizing Downtime est platform of aftermarket seat availability and provides specialist procurement services for system called Corsia (Carbon-Off- interior parts. It recently worked on an Airbus A330 cabin retrofit for seasonal Hajj service—fit- Company: Flying Colours Corp. The Third Generation setting and Reduction Scheme for ting the new cabin and first-class seating with an economic option suitable for heavy rotation, Specifications: Flying Colours Corp. International Aviation), which targets which allowed the carrier to move to a full-economy layout during the busy Hajj period. specializes in refurbishment of midsize- to of Aviation stabilizing net CO2 emissions from mrolinks.mro-network.com/company/acc-interiors large-cabin business jets for executive, international civil aviation at 2020 private and corporate owners as well as Aviation technology must address climate change levels. Corsia is expected to miti- special-mission modification of interiors. gate around 2.5 billion tons of CO2 6 Since the company also offers main- s global concerns about climate change rightly increase, the between 2021 and 2035, an annual tenance, avionics upgrades, exterior average of 164 million tons. It will Aenvironmental impact of aviation—particularly CO2 emis- paintwork and repair, Flying Colours says sions—is coming under greater scrutiny. In response to this, the also generate $40 billion for projects it can help customers minimize down- focused on climate action. time. This year, it announced expansion industry is working together to reduce net CO2 through ever- However, the better strategy at all of its facilities, including new ones improved aircraft and engine designs, widening the availability in the medium to long term is the in St. Louis, Peterborough (Ontario) and of sustainable aviation fuels (SAF), and new technology such as development of SAFs with the right Singapore. The latter recently completed characteristics of compatibility, sus- the refurbishment of a Bombardier Global electrification, which is signaling an exciting new future for avia- tainability and scale. Existing and XRS for a China-based customer. Flying tion—the third generation of aviation. new fuel companies have developed Colours is about to begin a Challenger a number of processes to produce 850 project that will include a complete Human activity is increasing levels hydrocarbon SAFs not derived from SAFs—some from bio stocks such maintenance overhaul and interior overhaul of greenhouse gas (GHG) in the atmo- fossil sources; as fast-growing crops or organic to fully remodel the cabin. sphere, which in turn has been shown Developing independent ap- waste and some from fully synthetic mrolinks.mro-network.com/ to have caused an increase of global ·proaches to the third generation of “power to liquid” (PTL) processes. company/flying-colours-corp average temperature of around 1C aviation in which electrification will We expect to see a significant ramp- (1.8F) in the last century. In 2018, fos- play an increasing role in aircraft up of SAF availability when the right Go to MROLinks.com for more information. sil fuel CO2 emissions exceeded 37 bil- propulsion; also, to exploring other economic and regulatory conditions lion tons, of which aviation accounted radical alternatives such as the use are in place. for approximately 2-3%. At the same of hydrogen as a fuel. Rolls-Royce is developing electrical time, population and prosperity are In addition to air- propulsion technol- growing, leading to higher demand craft/engines, SAFs ogy to cover a range for energy, trade and travel. By 2030, and third-generation There is a clear of aircraft such as The Commercial Aftermarket New Business Locator the global population will be 8.6 bil- technology, airspace need for aviation eVTOL (electric lion, with a predicted 6 billion annual management also vertical-takeoff-and- fliers. There is a clear need for avia- has a part to play to play its part in landing) types to tion to play its part in the transition in reducing aircraft replace helicopters to a net-zero carbon global economy. holding patterns and the transition to and larger designs Aviation has made great strides offering new flight a net-zero carbon such as the E-Fan X in reducing CO2, nitrogen oxide and paths that minimize demonstrator (jointly noise over the past 20 years and has climb and turn ma- global economy. with Airbus), which already set ambitious goals, yet we neuvers. will show the applica- must now accelerate this progress, On engine design, Rolls-Royce bility of hybrid-electric propulsion to particularly for reducing net CO2. is proud of its Trent XWB engine, regional routes. Larger aircraft, from At the 2019 Paris Air Show, the chief which powers the Airbus A350. The the A220 up to the largest long-haul technology officers of seven lead- Trent XWB is 15% more fuel efficient aircraft are likely to benefit from MRO Prospector provides ■ Insight into airframe, engine and With a newly designed user ing aerospace companies, including than the Trent 700 (which powers electrification in much longer time in-depth details and reliable landing gear opportunities going interface and enhanced contracts, Rolls-Royce, committed to the existing the A330) and is the world’s most frames, possibly not before 2035. data that enables subscribers out 1, 2 and 3 years now is the perfect time to see highly ambitious environmental tar- fuel-efficient gas turbine in service. Hydrogen is also being proposed to locate new business ■ Details on the work being MRO Prospector for yourself. gets and agreed to explore how they Beyond the Trent XWB, we are now as a fuel for short-range flights, but opportunities fi rst: done by global MRO providers could be achieved or exceeded with developing UltraFan, a new Ultra- analysis of cost, safety and practical- Call 866.857.0148 efforts focusing on these three pillars: High-Bypass Ratio design engine ity is still ongoing. ■ A continually growing (within N. America), Maintaining the relentless pursuit with a newly designed core, which We will see aircraft and engine de- contracts database +1.847.763.9147 or go to of· technology to continue to improve has the potential to increase fuel signs evolve to reduce their environ- pgs.aviationweek.com/MROP airframe/engine efficiency by at least efficiency (and reduce 2CO ) by a mental impact and to serve our cus- 1% per year on average, which has further 10%. tomers in many new ways. Aviation been achieved for the past 20 years; A first step toward tackling fuel- is now set to redefine transportation, Working with global fuels compa- produced CO2 is through carbon and Rolls-Royce is proud to work nies· for a pathway to increase the offsetting, and so the industry has closely with our industry partners in availability of drop-in (blendable) implemented a global market-based meeting this challenge. c

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ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES AE&C SERVICES Small Engine Hot Section Repair AE&C Services specializes in the testing, repair, and overhaul of commercial and military accessories to include hydraulic, Advanced Materials pneumatic, and electro-mechanical components. Founded in Technologies is a FAA and 2002 and acquired by S&K Aerospace in 2017, AE&C has EASA certified repair station built a solid reputation as a world class provider of military specializing in repair of turbine and commercial aviation repairs and overhauls. Our goal is engine components with core to establish and maintain long-term relationships with every emphasis in “hot section” customer by providing superior customer service, turnaround repairs. We offer repairs that times that meet or exceed every customer requirement, and best utilize the latest specifications and techniques which include value solutions. AMT’s DER approved processes.

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MRO Links is an online service that connects buyers and sellers in the MRO industry. Become an MRO Links power SAFERACK/AEROSTEP AEROTEK user by registering at mrolinks.com/register. Registration is FREE, enabling you to find hundreds of products like the Twenty-first century business demands agility, and you need ones featured below and to connect with more than 8000 companies. You can create a personalized save list, learn Stairs & Access Platforms Specialized for Aviation the right people to succeed. As your staffing partner, Aerotek’s about companies’ specialties, get contact details and request information at mrolinks.com. SafeRack’s AeroStep line flexible services help your business find the talent needed to To advertise in MRO Links, contact Elizabeth Zlitni at 913-967-1348 or [email protected]. of mobile stairs and access navigate the evolving aviation industry. We supply qualified platforms are highly mobile individuals with aircraft-specific experience to support continually MRO Middle East | Dubai, UAE | Summit: February 24, 2020 | Exhibition: February 25-26, 2020 but have the stability of a increasing security measures and regulatory requirements. MRO Middle East is the Gulf region’s leading event for commercial aviation maintenance, co-located fixed platform. Units can be Whether you need an A&P mechanic or an avionics technician, with Aircraft Interiors Middle East (AIME), the exhibition draws 5,000+ attendees and 70+ exhibitors from customized to the unique we provide access to qualified individuals with the aircraft- across the global airline supply chain. The MRO Middle East Summit takes place the day before the requirements of aviation specific experience your organization needs. To learn how we main exhibition on February 24, 2020. The one day conference attracts 150+ senior aviation aftermarket equipment, giving workers safe access during assembly, ground can connect you with qualified aviation talent, visit Aerotek.com. professionals to network, explore the landscape, and discuss emerging opportunities in the Middle East. MRO Middle East is your best opportunity to network with the people that are driving market growth, support maintenance, or loading. developing cutting-edge technology, and pushing the regional MRO industry forward. The trade show www.saferack.com is free to attend and discounted conference admission is available until January 13, 2020. https://mrolinks.mro- To learn more, register to attend, become a speaker or an exhibitor, please visit the website: Tools & Equipment • Safety/Emergency network.com/product/ www.aerotek.com mromiddleeast.aviationweek.com. Equipment • Test Equipment • Ground Support Equipment • Airport stairs-access-platforms- https://mrolinks.mro-network. Visit aviationweek.com/events for more information, including complete exhibitor listings and MRO Links participants! Equipment & Services specialized-aviation Aftermarket Services com/company/aerotek

ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES AE&C SERVICES AERPAK AIRCRAFT INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Small Engine Hot Section Repair AE&C Services specializes in the testing, repair, and overhaul AERPAK, Tooling Accountability & Protection. Time is Money, Save Both! of commercial and military accessories to include hydraulic, Advanced Materials pneumatic, and electro-mechanical components. Founded in Whether you need a Providing quality aircraft Technologies is a FAA and 2002 and acquired by S&K Aerospace in 2017, AE&C has hard-sided case or a parts with same day EASA certified repair station built a solid reputation as a world class provider of military custom bag, we specialize 8130-3 on eligible parts. specializing in repair of turbine and commercial aviation repairs and overhauls. Our goal is in custom protection and 24 Hour AOG Service. engine components with core to establish and maintain long-term relationships with every accountability to best suit emphasis in “hot section” customer by providing superior customer service, turnaround your needs so you can repairs. We offer repairs that times that meet or exceed every customer requirement, and best keep a peace of mind utilize the latest specifications and techniques which include value solutions. knowing your valuables are well protected. Rapid prototyping in AMT’s DER approved processes. house helps get you results you need faster.

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AEROLEDS, LLC AEROSHELL AIRSTART ASTRO TOOL CORPORATION AeroLEDs Premium LED Lights for Part 25 Realize YOUR new normal with AeroShell Lubricants! Rotable parts a the speed of (F)Light Connector Repair Tooling

AeroLEDs SunSpot46-4580, Nose to tail, AeroShell Airstart was stablished Astro Tool Corporation the brightest LED Par46 light Lubricants has you in 2000 to provide manufactures for performance and safety. covered! From seal friendly component and MRO connector assembly Dramatically improves pilot’s modern jet turbine engine service to corporate and repair tooling. depth perception during oil solutions designed operators worldwide.Our Rotable components are available for Including crimp tools, nighttime landings. Offers miles to reduce coking to our Sale,Exchange & Lease.Our Rapid Exchange (RX) program will insertion/removal, of daytime recognition, reducing industry leading commercial save you time & money.Your order is ready to ship within 15 min. wire strippers and the risk of air-to-air collisions, greases that protect 98% of of your order. [email protected] connector service kits. and increases ground-to-air all grease applications. identification distance for ATC. www.aeroleds.com www.aeroshell.com www.airstart.com Manufacturing & Distributing https://mrolinks.mro- https://mrolinks.mro-network. https://mrolinks.mro-network. www.astrotool.com • Components • Electrical • network.com/product/ Aerospace Materials • com/product/realize-your-new- Manufacturing & com/product/trusted-partner- https://mrolinks.mro-network.com/ Lighting • Parts aeroleds-premium-led-lights-part-25 Fuel/Lubricants normal-aeroshell-lubricants Distributing 724-airframe-components Aerospace Materials product/connector-repair-tooling

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MRO30 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro AviationWeek.com/mro INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 MRO31 AERTISIG SECTI

A GR AIATI MIIG SLTIS LLC SAE p To n Component verhauls Stagnant nv. Evaluation/ BER Analysis/Consignment Av8 Group can save you 35 - 50 on your Aviation Mining Solutions is an next overhaul. As a aviation parts broker specializing Certifi ed Repair Station in consignment deals, with an AA-PMA and hard to fi nd parts and stocking an AA-ER on staff, long lead time parts. we develop, certify and ASA-100 Accredited Member manufacture PMA parts and AA AC00-5 Approved. to use specifi cally in our overhaul processes. This means IG savings for you

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AIATI TECICAL SERICES ATS BS TEC IC. CargoTek by ATS Reduces GateRelated Delays pcycle your engine assets!

CargoTek Cargo ay Our services includes Protection by ATS full engine disassembly, reduces cargo bay parts tagging and full maintenance costs packing. As part of onus and cargo-related gate Tech commitment to offer delays. Unprotected customized service we offer cargo bays are often the possibility to manage damaged through routine parts shipment to various use which can be avoided by installing ATS protection products. repair vendors. Our capability PW200, PW4000, GE0, C, CargoTek products are currently in service on oeing 3s and C34, R211, 2500, CM5, Trent 800). Airbus A320s. www.atsro.co httpsrolins.ro-networ. Maintenance, Repair .BS-TEC.CM Maintenance, coproductcargote-ats- & verhaul • Engines/ httpsrolins.ro-networ.co Repair & verhaul reduces-gate-related-delays Engine Systems productupcycle-your-engine-assets

CERTIIE AIATI SERICES CEMETALL A Complete MR Service Provider LFT FF T CEMETALL BARD

Certifi ed Aviation Services enefi t from our complete range (CAS) is a leading provider of approved, state-of-the-art of MRO services for technologies such as sealants, fl eet operators, leasing corrosion inhibitors, cleaners, companies, OEMs and paint strippers, pretreatment Adusters globally. CAS systems, T products and conducts line maintenance, equipment. All leading OEM’s modifi cations, installations, and MRO’s trust our globally component overhaul , engine renowned Ardrox, aftoseal services, as well as heavy recovery and repairs. and TechCool brands. Cabin nteriors/nFlight Entertainment • Airframes www.certifi edaviation.co Aerospace Materials • www.cheetall.co • Components • Engines/ httpsrolins.ro- Advanced Materials/ httpsrolins.ro- Engine Systems • ydraulics/ networ.coproduct Composites • Chemicals • networ.coproduct Pneumatics coplete-ro-service-provider Fuel/Lubricants • Metals lift-cheetall-board

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MRO3 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro AERTISIG SECTI ADVERTISING SECTION

A GR AIATI MIIG SLTIS LLC CIMA AVIATION CLAYTON ASSOCIATES INC. SAE p To n Component verhauls Stagnant nv. Evaluation/ Specializing in Fuel Scorpion EPA acuum BER Analysis/Consignment components and Av8 Group can save accessories, Cima The Scorpion EPA acuum you 35 - 50 on your Aviation Mining Solutions is an Aviation provides services is the fi rst pneumatic vacuum next overhaul. As a aviation parts broker specializing for maintenance on an so small that it can be carried Certifi ed Repair Station in consignment deals, extensive list of units in by hand or worn over the with an AA-PMA and hard to fi nd parts and stocking Fuel and Avionics. We shoulder. Its powerful motor an AA-ER on staff, long lead time parts. work on MECs, FFGs, picks up dust and debris, we develop, certify and FM, M, boost pumps, and controls FOD while ASA-100 Accredited Member manufacture PMA parts and so much more! Cima Aviation strives to provide the best protecting workers from and AA AC00-5 Approved. to use specifi cally in our overhaul processes. This means IG customer service and competitive pricing. heavy metal exposure. savings for you

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AIATI TECICAL SERICES ATS BS TEC IC. COLMIA MANFACTRING COMMERCIAL ET INC CargoTek by ATS Reduces GateRelated Delays pcycle your engine assets! Columbia Manufacturing Commercial et Advanced MR Solutions

CargoTek Cargo ay Our services includes Columbia Manufacturing Commercial et is an FAA & EASA Protection by ATS full engine disassembly, is proud to supply critical approved repair station providing heavy reduces cargo bay parts tagging and full assemblies, fabricated components and MRO services to the maintenance, line maintenance, and maintenance costs packing. As part of onus world’s major turbine engine manufacturers, commercial airlines, modifi cations for oeing, Airbus, and and cargo-related gate Tech commitment to offer industrial power companies, military operations, and related ombardier aircraft. For over 0 years, delays. Unprotected customized service we offer industries. Columbia Manufacturing’s facility encompasses over Commercial et has served passenger cargo bays are often the possibility to manage 100,000 square feet with dedicated process areas for OEM and cargo airlines, aircraft owners and damaged through routine parts shipment to various and MRO services. We have many in-house processes such as lessors, and military. Located in Miami, use which can be avoided by installing ATS protection products. repair vendors. Our capability PW200, PW4000, GE0, C, CNC machining, welding, heat treating, brazing, FPI, and sheet Florida (MIA) and Dothan, Alabama CargoTek products are currently in service on oeing 3s and C34, R211, 2500, CM5, Trent 800). metal forming. Columbia works with their customers to provide (DN), the company boasts over half-a-million square feet and a Airbus A320s. complete solutions for their needs and is devoted to ensuring state-of-the-art paint and strip facility. www.atsro.co 100% satisfaction. www.columbiamanufacturing.net httpsrolins.ro-networ. Maintenance, Repair .BS-TEC.CM Components • Engines/Engine Systems • https://mrolinks.mro- www.commercialet.com Maintenance, coproductcargote-ats- & verhaul • Engines/ httpsrolins.ro-networ.co Parts • eat Coating/Brazing • network.com/company/ Maintenance, https://mrolinks.mro-network.com/product/ Repair & verhaul reduces-gate-related-delays Engine Systems productupcycle-your-engine-assets Military Maintenance columbia-manufacturing Repair & verhaul commercial-et-advanced-mro-solutions

CERTIIE AIATI SERICES CEMETALL DANIELS MANFACTRING CORP. DASI A Complete MR Service Provider LFT FF T CEMETALL BARD Crimp Tools, iring Kits, and SafeTCable n Stock, nline, n Time

Certifi ed Aviation Services enefi t from our complete range Daniels Manufacturing DASI is a leading global aircraft inventory (CAS) is a leading provider of approved, state-of-the-art Corp. is the leading solutions provider. of MRO services for technologies such as sealants, manufacturer of Mil-ualifi ed fl eet operators, leasing corrosion inhibitors, cleaners, Crimp Termination Tools, For nearly 25 years, we’ve been in the companies, OEMs and paint strippers, pretreatment Wiring System Maintenance business of providing comprehensive Adusters globally. CAS systems, T products and Kits, and InsertionRemoval aircraft inventory support for airlines, conducts line maintenance, equipment. All leading OEM’s Tools for the aircraft and MROs, OEMs, and distributors. modifi cations, installations, and MRO’s trust our globally aerospace industries. DMC eadquartered in Miami, Florida, with service centers in London component overhaul , engine renowned Ardrox , aftoseal also supplies SAFE-T-CALE, and Singapore, DASI is a truly global partner, serving customers’ services, as well as heavy recovery and repairs. and TechCool brands. the time saving substitute for Safety Wire. parts and inventory needs in more than 140 countries. Cabin nteriors/nFlight Manufacturing & Distributing • Entertainment • Airframes www.certifi edaviation.co Aerospace Materials • www.cheetall.co www.dmctools.com Avionics/nstruments • • Components • Engines/ httpsrolins.ro- Advanced Materials/ httpsrolins.ro- https://mrolinks.mro-network. Cabin nteriors/nFlight www.dasi.com Engine Systems • ydraulics/ networ.coproduct Composites • Chemicals • networ.coproduct Ground Support Equipment • com/product/crimp-tools- Entertainment • Connectors/ https://mrolinks.mro-network. Pneumatics coplete-ro-service-provider Fuel/Lubricants • Metals lift-cheetall-board Military Maintenance • Tools wiring-kits-and-safe-t-cable Fasteners • Consumables/Supplies com/product/stock-online-time-

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MRO3 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro AviationWeek.com/mro INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 MRO33 ADVERTISING SECTION

DURABLE SUPERIOR CASTERS DYNATECH INTERNATIONAL We’re always around! MAKE THE RIGHT CHOICE… PARTNER WITH DYNATECH.

With a total of over 750,000 square feet of warehouse space in CA, TX, OH, WA and Mexico, we are the largest in-stock caster supplier in Northern America, able to provide prompt • PARTS DISTRIBUTION - Over 250,000+ parts inventory volume delivery requirements. for new and legacy fleets • REPAIR MANAGEMENT - Single source solution • LOGISTICS SERVICES – Create value-added sustainment programs

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EDMO DISTRIBUTORS, INC. FALCON FIELD AIRPORT - CITY OF MESA, ARIZONA Quality & Excellence. Whatever it takes. Grow your business at Falcon Field - Mesa, AZ!

EDMO is a wholesale Forty (40) acres available distributor of avionics, for development with test equipment, aircraft runway/taxiway access accessories, installation for aeronautical business and pilot supplies. This expansion or relocation extensive product range in new 300,000 SF is complemented by development with competitive prices and quality service. With warehouses in premium amenities, Spokane and Nashville, EDMO can deliver ground to most of build-to-suit or existing the US in two days. facilities. Centrally located in the metropolitan Phoenix area. Learn more at Booth #4490. www.edmo.com www.falconfieldairport.com https://mrolinks.mro- Aftermarket Services • https://mrolinks.mro-network. Manufacturing & network.com/product/ Economic Development/ com/product/grow-your-busi- Distributing quality-excellence-whatever-it-takes Airports ness-falcon-field-mesa-az

FEAM FFC SERVICES, INC FULL HANDLING LINE Worldwide Base and Line Maintenance MAINTENANCE & MODIFICATIONS Fuel Systems Support

FEAM is the MRO leader in Aircraft FFCS provides worldwide Line Maintenance Engineering in the fuel system support that U.S. FEAM leads the Line Maintenance includes fuel leak detection industry with advanced aircraft repair and repair, removal, and capabilities, a wide line station network replacement of all fuel system components, fuel quantity and vast approvals for all current and next-generation aircraft to calibration, fuel migration detection and structural repairs. include B787 and A350 aircraft. FEAM places special emphasis FFCS has the only manned 24 x 7 Operations Control Center on technical training, uncompromising quality controls, and that coordinates, monitors, and controls all aspects of all work continuous improvement principles. With these effective measures performed. FFCS removes and install fuel bladders in general in place, FEAM delivers best in innovative technical services for all aviation and commercial aircraft. commercial aircraft operators. www.ffcfuelcells.com www.feam.aero https://mrolinks.mro-network.com/ Manufacturing & https://mrolinks.mro-network.com/product/ Maintenance, product/worldwide-base-and-line-main- Distributing full-handling-line-maintenance-modifications Repair & Overhaul tenance-fuel-systems-support

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MRO34 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro ADVERTISING SECTION ADVERTISING SECTION

DURABLE SUPERIOR CASTERS DYNATECH INTERNATIONAL GLOBALPARTS.AERO HAECO GROUP We’re always around! MAKE THE RIGHT CHOICE… PARTNER WITH DYNATECH. NEW PART OR YOUR PART – CHOOSE YOUR SOLUTION Engineering Safe and Enjoyable Skies

With a total of over 750,000 With an inventory of At HAECO Group, square feet of warehouse space over 90,000 parts to we firmly believe that in CA, TX, OH, WA and Mexico, ship 24/7/365 – to delivering aircraft we are the largest in-stock seasoned MRO engineering and caster supplier in Northern Capabilities ranging maintenance solutions America, able to provide prompt • PARTS DISTRIBUTION - Over 250,000+ parts inventory from hydraulic pumps above and beyond volume delivery requirements. for new and legacy fleets and oxygen/fire bottle expectations is • REPAIR MANAGEMENT - Single source solution DoT requalification, to fundamental to safe • LOGISTICS SERVICES – Create value-added brakes and more. GlobalParts.aero is your aviation parts solution. and enjoyable skies. sustainment programs Experience our solutions for yourself.

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EDMO DISTRIBUTORS, INC. FALCON FIELD AIRPORT - CITY OF MESA, ARIZONA HARCOSEMCO HELICAL LAP & MANUFACTURING COMPANY Quality & Excellence. Whatever it takes. Grow your business at Falcon Field - Mesa, AZ! OEM standards for MRO NO SPECIAL MACHINES NEEDED FOR MICRO FINISHING! EDMO is a wholesale Forty (40) acres available HarcoSemco is a distributor of avionics, for development with state-of-the-art FAA and ID & OD CYLINDRICAL LAPPING test equipment, aircraft runway/taxiway access EASA certified repair station TOOLS PROVIDING A SIMPLE accessories, installation for aeronautical business specializing in the repair and ECONOMICAL SOLUTION FOR and pilot supplies. This expansion or relocation overhaul of wiring harnesses, PRODUCING PRECISE FINISHES, extensive product range in new 300,000 SF various temperature sensors, and thermocouples for the ROUNDNESS, CONCENTRICITY AND CYLINDRICITY. is complemented by development with commercial and military aerospace industry. - ACHEIVE 5 MILLIONTHS ROUNDNESS competitive prices and quality service. With warehouses in premium amenities, - 10 MILLIONTHS STRAIGHTNESS Being an OEM as well as an aftermarket facility, HarcoSemco Spokane and Nashville, EDMO can deliver ground to most of build-to-suit or existing - SURFACE FINISHES> ONE MICROINCH understands the critical importance of superior quality, rapid turn the US in two days. facilities. Centrally located in the metropolitan Phoenix area. WE ALSO SUPPLY LAPPING COMPOUND & HAND LAP times and the sensitivity of modifications and upgrades. Learn more at Booth #4490. PLATES www.edmo.com www.falconfieldairport.com www.helicallap.com https://mrolinks.mro- Aftermarket Services • https://mrolinks.mro-network. www.harcosemco.com https://mrolinks.mro-network. Manufacturing & network.com/product/ Economic Development/ com/product/grow-your-busi- https://mrolinks.mro-network.com/ Tools & Equipment • com/product/no-special-ma- Distributing quality-excellence-whatever-it-takes Airports ness-falcon-field-mesa-az Consumables/Supplies product/oem-standards-mro Tools chines-needed-micro-finishing

FEAM FFC SERVICES, INC HISCO IAI – BEDEK MRO SERVICES FULL HANDLING LINE Worldwide Base and Line Maintenance Henkel, 3M, Solvay and AkzoNobel products plus much Israel Aerospace Industries - Bedek MRO Services is a world MAINTENANCE & MODIFICATIONS Fuel Systems Support more class supplier of high quality MRO and engineering services, including total maintenance support programs for commercial FEAM is the MRO leader in Aircraft FFCS provides worldwide Hisco stocks a wide range of aircraft, engines and components. Bedek has large in-house Line Maintenance Engineering in the fuel system support that OEM and MRO products from capabilities for most Boeing and Airbus commercial aircraft. U.S. FEAM leads the Line Maintenance includes fuel leak detection hundreds of top manufacturers Bedek MRO Services is the largest center for passenger to industry with advanced aircraft repair and repair, removal, and in 38 locations throughout freighter conversions. Our highly qualified engineering team has capabilities, a wide line station network replacement of all fuel system components, fuel quantity the US and Mexico, including developed many FAA approved STCs. Conversion programs and vast approvals for all current and next-generation aircraft to calibration, fuel migration detection and structural repairs. 11 AS9120 certified warehouses. Authorized distributors of include: 737-300/400, B767-200/300, and B747-400 (Combi include B787 and A350 aircraft. FEAM places special emphasis FFCS has the only manned 24 x 7 Operations Control Center industry-leading manufacturers like Henkel, 3M, AkzoNobel, and Pax). on technical training, uncompromising quality controls, and that coordinates, monitors, and controls all aspects of all work Solvay, Socomore, Wacker, Elkem, Velcro. continuous improvement principles. With these effective measures performed. FFCS removes and install fuel bladders in general in place, FEAM delivers best in innovative technical services for all aviation and commercial aircraft. www.hisco.com commercial aircraft operators. www.ffcfuelcells.com https://mrolinks.mro-network. www.feam.aero https://mrolinks.mro-network.com/ com/product/henkel-3m- www.iai.co.il Manufacturing & https://mrolinks.mro-network.com/product/ Maintenance, product/worldwide-base-and-line-main- Consumables/Supplies • solvay-and-akzonobel- Manufacturing & https://mrolinks.mro-network.com/ Distributing full-handling-line-maintenance-modifications Repair & Overhaul tenance-fuel-systems-support Painting/Coatings • products-plus-much-more Distributing company/iai-bedek-mro-services

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MRO34 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro AviationWeek.com/mro INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 MRO35 ADVERTISING SECTION

INTERNATIONAL GOVERNOR SERVICES JET ACCESSORIES TECNICIANS, INC. PT6 AIRCRAFT ENGINE ACCESSORY REPAIRS JAT Celebrating 25 YEARS of EXCELLENCE

IGS is a Honeywell and Woodward Jet Accessories Approved Supplier for the Overhaul of Technicians, Inc. (JAT) aircraft engine accessories such as Fuel is an FAA / EASA Controls, Governors, PT Governors, component Repair and Fuel Pumps, Torque Limiters,Torque Overhaul facility since Controllers and FF Dividers. 1993. Starters, CSD’s, Valves, Generators, IDGs, Hydraulics, Pneumatics, Pumps, ACM’s, Actuators, Accumulators, Heat Exchangers / Coolers, Fuel Nozzles. Boeing, Airbus, Dash-8, Embraer, ATR, C130.

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JET REPAIR CENTER LEWIS & SAUNDERS Your Crew Seat and Interior Specialists Tube, hose, duct and manifold repair specialists

Jet Repair Center is a leading provider Lewis & Saunders is one of the very of crew seat repair, support, and few companies offering repair and services, specializing in repairing, overhaul on flexible hoses and/or overhauling, and modifying crew and flex-rigid assemblies. Our in-house mission seats. DER capabilities enable us to develop repair schemes beyond the Capability on all major OEMs. limits of standard repair manuals, Over 700 FAA-PMA parts potentially avoiding costly scrap and replace scenarios. manufactured in-house, along with restraint system repairs and View this product at lewisandsaunders.com AOG services.

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MDS COATING TECHNOLOGIES MGT Not all surfaces are created equal Landing Gear & Hydraulic Spares

As pioneers in PVD coating Since 2002, MGT has been technology, we continue to supporting the aviation industry innovate ways to protect with landing gear and hydraulic gas turbine engines. Our components replacement parts OEM-approved BlackGold® for the commercial and regional coating protects airfoils aviation. Originally focusing mainly against erosion, corrosion, on Safran Landing Systems and fluid erosion during (formerly Messier-Bugatti- Dowty) engine operation which has programs, we are since 2015 saved our customers well expanding our offer to Boeing over $1 billion dollars. families of aircraft. www.mdscoating.com www.mgt-group.aero Manufacturing & https://mrolinks.mro- https://mrolinks.mro- Distributing • Painting/ network.com/product/ Manufacturing & network.com/product/ Coatings not-all-surfaces-are-created-equal Distributing landing-gear-hydraulic-spares

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MRO36 INSIDEMRO DECEMBER 2019 AviationWeek.com/mro ADVERTISING SECTION ADVERTISING SECTION

INTERNATIONAL GOVERNOR SERVICES JET ACCESSORIES TECNICIANS, INC. MODTRUSS INC. MOOG INC. PT6 AIRCRAFT ENGINE ACCESSORY REPAIRS JAT Celebrating 25 YEARS of EXCELLENCE Universal Building Components Simple Asset Purchases or Time and Material Repairs

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New Technology Opens Onboard Technology and Nagoya University; and another of AIST, Fujikura, Fuji Systems Business For Japan Electric and Toshiba Infrastructure. The ministry is introducing Boeing > ELECTRIC ACTUATION RATHER THAN PROPULSION IS EARLY FOCUS to nonaerospace suppliers with promising technology, and it can grant gov- > GOVERNMENT SEES OPPORTUNITIES IN MOTORS, BATTERIES AND ernment funding as well as subsidies. SUPERCONDUCTION From the ministry’s point of view, Ha- tada says, Boeing helps when it shows Bradley Perrett Tokyo interest in a specific technology. By doing so, it indicates that a project has hen jet propulsion appeared, of new electric technology to aircraft solid prospects, reassuring govern- decades of piston-engine is seen as one opportunity. It was listed ment officials as they consider how to Wknowledge no longer gave es- alongside high-rate, low-cost compos- allocate funds. tablished companies great advantages ites manufacturing and automation in Electrification could extend to pro- over newcomers. Realizing this, the the agreement that the ministry signed pulsion, though for commercial air- U.S. government put World War II jet with Boeing in January. craft that prospect is decades away. work in the hands of General Electric Japanese companies and research- The ministry sees application of bet- (GE), which had some applicable tech- ers in particular have technological ter electric technology to actuation nology but had never built an aircraft offerings in batteries and high-density in aircraft systems as a nearer-term engine. Soon it was building plenty. possibility, Hatada says. Similar thinking underpins a push to The use of new tech- enlarge Japan’s small presence in the niques for making subsector making onboard systems for composites more civil aircraft, where the government quickly and more

sees new electric technology pulling GS YUASA cheaply is also down barriers to entry. The Ministry close; low costs of Economy, Trade and Industry is can follow from promoting technological cooperation fast production between local industry and Boeing in rates. Toray In- that field and also manufacturing com- dustries, Kanaza- posites at high rates. wa Institute of Noting projects in which Boeing has Technology and taken an early interest, the ministry is Tohoku Univer- helping to fund two proposals in aero- sity are working nautical electrics—with actuation rath- GS Yuasa, a maker of automotive and industrial batteries, toward this goal, er than propulsion as the obvious near- has a sideline in satellite energy storage. specifically on term opportunity. Boeing and Japanese making parts that companies are exploring possibilities motors, Hatada says. Following meet- combine thermoplastic materials with under an agreement between the U.S. ings between companies and Boeing in traditional thermosets. (When heated, manufacturer and the ministry signed July, the ministry granted about ¥700 thermoplastics temporarily soften and in January. The ministry is also working million ($6.4 million) for research and thermosets permanently harden.) with Airbus to find ways in which Ja- development in electrification. In one A third area of technology in the pan’s technologies can be used to deep- such project, GS Yuasa will work on Boeing agreement is greater automa- en its involvement in making aircraft. extending aeronautical applications of tion in aircraft manufacturing, which Japanese industry has for decades its battery know-how. The expertise in brings value to increasing produc- had a strong presence in making air- battery technology has been focused on tion rates. This is more an area for craft structures and engine parts. But it automotive and industrial applications, the ministry’s encouragement rather has been largely unable to challenge for- though GS Yuasa has also made batter- than financial support, says Hatada, eign makers of onboard systems, com- ies for satellites and Boeing 787s; it is since Japan already has well-estab- panies that have entrenched positions not a complete newcomer. In another lished capabilities in robotics. So the and enjoy the low costs of high volumes. funded project, a consortium of Kyushu issue is applying this know-how to Now, prospective changes in aircraft University and the ministry’s own Na- making aircraft. technology are presenting Japan with tional Institute for Advanced Industri- The ministry made a similar agree- the potential to reach into areas of al Science and Technology (AIST) will ment on cooperation with Airbus in the industry where everyone is going focus on superconductivity. 2017 and with Safran this year at the back to square one—or close to it, says Other companies—such as Murata Paris Air Show in June. In both cases, Hiroyuki Hatada, director of the min- Manufacturing, Toshiba and Sekisui the agreements cover artificial intel- istry’s aerospace and defense industry Chemical—have battery technolo- ligence, the Internet of Things and division. Like GE in 1941, Japanese com- gy that could be applied to aircraft. aviation electrification. Work with panies have relevant technology—even For motors, one source would be Safran also focuses on engine tech- if they have limited or no experience in Tamagawa Seiki, Hatada says. Others nology, while composites work is to making onboard systems. Application are two partnerships: one of Sinfonia be done with Airbus. c

AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 39 AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

Technology Seen as Bridge traffic featured prominently in panel discussions. to Space Vehicle Integration Often mentioned were the SDI and an aircraft hazard area (AHA) gener- > IMPROVEMENTS ARE SOUGHT IN OCEANIC AIRSPACE ator—decision support software that rapidly calculates the volume of air- > ALPA RELEASES SPACE INTEGRATION WHITE PAPER space that should be segregated in the event a space vehicle breaks apart. Bill Carey Washington The SDI ingests telemetry data provided by space vehicle operators here is a “strong connection” fic management infrastructure (e.g., during their missions and feeds it into between technology the FAA communications, surveillance and air the FAA’s Traffic Flow Management Tcan employ to better manage traffic control automation), and there- System for display to traffic man - oceanic air traffic and technology that fore have the least ability to tactically agement coordinators. The system can reduce the impact of commercial manage airspace,” it says. merges space vehicle missions in real space launches on airline operations, In the new document, ALPA calls time with traditional air traffic flows, an Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA) for continued development of the increasing “situational awareness” white paper finds. Space Data Integrator (SDI) to pro- and supporting dynamic management of the airspace. FAA The integrated SDI and AHA generator would help the FAA reduce the amount of airspace closed and time reserved for launch events. “We’re probably all aligned to what we need,” Blue Origin Deputy Gener- The Challenger Space Operations Room at the FAA Air Traffic Control Command Center in Warrenton, Virginia.

al Counsel Audrey Powers told the conference. “The information that we need [to get] to the pilots is, what is the hazard area in real time as launch or reentry vehicles are moving through the National Airspace System?” Dynamic hazard-area data is more important than information the SDI will provide about a spacecraft’s position and velocity as it ascends, Powers suggested. “At the end of the day, what’s important is, if some- The new study by the influential pi- vide air traffic controllers with real- thing goes wrong, what is the hazard lots’ union focuses on orbital space vehi- time data on space vehicles as they area that I have to avoid—the [air - cle launches over suborbital flights as- move through shared airspace. space] box around that operation?” sociated with the future space tourism The association recommends that she said. market. Orbital launches enter oceanic the FAA incorporate space-based au- Jim Ulmann, National Air Traffic airspace from sites in Florida, Virginia, tomatic dependent surveillance-broad- Controllers Association director of California and Alaska and generally re- cast (ADS-B) to track aircraft and safety and technology, concurred with quire larger airspace restrictions. space vehicles in oceanic airspace Powers that the capability to calculate Once they increase as expected, or- and pursue “more timely” voice and hazard areas dynamically as a space bital launches may be more difficult data communications with pilots by vehicle moves along its trajectory to merge with conventional air traffic, satellite, and possibly next-generation is a priority. He mentioned a proto - ALPA says. “When looking at the chal- high-frequency radio, to reduce sepa- type AHA generator called the Haz- lenge presented by the orbital launch ration buffers. ard Risk Assessment Management facilities in the United States, they are ALPA released the white paper on (HRAM) system. all located on the coast and launch Oct. 31, the same day it hosted a con- “We need controller decision sup- with trajectories over the ocean,” the ference with the Commercial Space- port tools. SDI is nice; it’s certain- white paper notes. flight Federation. During that event, ly better than what we’ve had in “Ironically, it is the oceanic areas the need for technology to better the past, which is next to nothing,” which currently have the least air traf- manage commercial space and airline Ulmann told the conference. “But

40 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

Technology Seen as Bridge traffic featured prominently in panel it’s still just an awareness tool. I’m discussions. talking about a decision support to Space Vehicle Integration Often mentioned were the SDI and tool—something that goes on the Lawmakers Urge FAA To Speed an aircraft hazard area (AHA) gener- controller’s scope, something more Airspace Integration Technology > IMPROVEMENTS ARE SOUGHT IN OCEANIC AIRSPACE ator—decision support software that like an HRAM kind of thing.” rapidly calculates the volume of air- The FAA has said for the past ALPA RELEASES SPACE INTEGRATION WHITE PAPER > space that should be segregated in the year that the SDI at least is moving Bill Carey Washington event a space vehicle breaks apart. through its acquisition process. Also Bill Carey Washington The SDI ingests telemetry data speaking at the ALPA event, Duane LAWMAKERS IN THE U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ARE CALLING ON THE provided by space vehicle operators Freer, space operations manager at FAA to expedite the deployment of new air traffic management technology as here is a “strong connection” fic management infrastructure (e.g., during their missions and feeds it into the FAA’s Air Traffic Control Sys- the agency develops a regulation to simplify launch and reentry requirements for between technology the FAA communications, surveillance and air the FAA’s Traffic Flow Management tem Command Center in Warrenton, Tcan employ to better manage traffic control automation), and there- System for display to traffic man - Virginia, said the process has been commercial space operators. oceanic air traffic and technology that fore have the least ability to tactically agement coordinators. The system accelerated. In a Nov. 22 letter to FAA Administrator Stephen Dickson, the bipartisan lead- can reduce the impact of commercial manage airspace,” it says. merges space vehicle missions in real “I hope by next year, we’re going ership of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee weighed in space launches on airline operations, In the new document, ALPA calls time with traditional air traffic flows, to be using SDI to make operational as the agency promulgates the Streamlined Launch and Reentry Licensing Re- an Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA) for continued development of the increasing “situational awareness” decisions. We’re going to be making quirements regulation. The agency was reviewing responses to a notice of pro- white paper finds. Space Data Integrator (SDI) to pro- and supporting dynamic management real-time, dynamic decisions based posed rulemaking it issued in April. of the airspace. on information from SDI,” Freer said.

FAA The lawmakers express concern that technology the FAA could deploy to The integrated SDI and AHA gen- “We’re not there until we can get erator would help the FAA reduce the something on a controller’s glass, and better coordinate commercial space launches with airline and other aircraft op- amount of airspace closed and time the controller can start managing that erations is lagging in development. reserved for launch events. airspace based on real-time data.” The FAA has been working for years on the Space Data Integrator and an asso- “We’re probably all aligned to what The FAA has evaluated space- ciated hazard area generator—systems that ingest telemetry data and calculate we need,” Blue Origin Deputy Gener- based ADS-B and automatic depen- hazard zones around space CAMDEN COUNTY BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS dent surveillance-contract (ADS-C) to vehicles as they ascend. The Challenger Space Operations improve its surveillance capability in “While the FAA is working Room at the FAA Air Traffic oceanic airspace, the Government Ac- Control Command Center countability Office (GAO) reported in to reduce the amount and in Warrenton, Virginia. July. The FAA opted to use ADS-C in duration of each airspace the near term and to continue study- closure during a launch al Counsel Audrey Powers told the ing space-based ADS-B, the GAO said. or reentry, the technology conference. “The information that A component with controller-pi- necessary to achieve that we need [to get] to the pilots is, what lot data link communications of the objective is still in the devel- is the hazard area in real time as Future Air Navigation System used opment and testing stag- launch or reentry vehicles are mov- in oceanic airspace to keep track ing through the National Airspace of aircraft, ADS-C is a system that es,” the lawmakers write. “Without this technology System?” transmits position reports via satel- Proposed Spaceport Camden in Georgia. Dynamic hazard-area data is more lite at defined time intervals. Space- in place, the segregation of important than information the SDI based ADS-B, a system offered by the commercial space operations can disrupt the rest of the airspace system, lead- will provide about a spacecraft’s Aireon joint venture, captures contin- ing to flight delays and cancellations, longer flight times over increased distances position and velocity as it ascends, uous position reports from aircraft and added fuel burn,” the letter continues. Powers suggested. “At the end of using ADS-B receivers on Iridium In addition, the FAA has approved launch site licenses without adequately the day, what’s important is, if some- Next satellites. The new study by the influential pi- vide air traffic controllers with real- thing goes wrong, what is the hazard The FAA is expected to conduct considering the potential effects on surrounding flight operations, particularly on lots’ union focuses on orbital space vehi- time data on space vehicles as they area that I have to avoid—the [air - a one-year evaluation of enhanced those of nearby airports, the lawmakers say. cle launches over suborbital flights as- move through shared airspace. space] box around that operation?” surveillance in the Caribbean region “[W]e want to ensure that prospective launch site operators, launch providers, sociated with the future space tourism The association recommends that she said. using Aireon’s system starting in existing airspace users and the general public have realistic expectations about market. Orbital launches enter oceanic the FAA incorporate space-based au- Jim Ulmann, National Air Traffic March. ALPA would like to see it used what kind of commercial space transportation activity can safely take place at a airspace from sites in Florida, Virginia, tomatic dependent surveillance-broad- Controllers Association director of more broadly. given location,” the letter states. California and Alaska and generally re- cast (ADS-B) to track aircraft and safety and technology, concurred with “Space-based ADS-B is already a The FAA has granted 12 commercial launch site licenses. In early November, quire larger airspace restrictions. space vehicles in oceanic airspace Powers that the capability to calculate reality and is being used to separate Once they increase as expected, or- and pursue “more timely” voice and hazard areas dynamically as a space traffic today, with the same perfor- the agency informed the proponents of another launch site—in Camden Coun- bital launches may be more difficult data communications with pilots by vehicle moves along its trajectory mance as domestic en route radars,” ty, Georgia—that it planned to release a final environmental impact statement to merge with conventional air traffic, satellite, and possibly next-generation is a priority. He mentioned a proto - says the ALPA white paper. “ALPA (EIS) by Dec. 16. The county expects the agency will make a final decision to ALPA says. “When looking at the chal- high-frequency radio, to reduce sepa- type AHA generator called the Haz- recommends that the FAA incor - approve or deny the spaceport site “no earlier than 30 days” after the release lenge presented by the orbital launch ration buffers. ard Risk Assessment Management porate space-based ADS-B in their of the EIS. facilities in the United States, they are ALPA released the white paper on (HRAM) system. infrastructure plans for oceanic air- The letter to Dickson was signed by House Transportation Committee Chair- all located on the coast and launch Oct. 31, the same day it hosted a con- “We need controller decision sup- space.” c man Peter DeFazio (D-Ore.) and Ranking Member Sam Graves (R-Mo.) as well with trajectories over the ocean,” the ference with the Commercial Space- port tools. SDI is nice; it’s certain- white paper notes. flight Federation. During that event, ly better than what we’ve had in Editor’s note: This article is reprinted in as aviation subcommittee Chairman Rick Larsen (D-Wash.) and Ranking Mem- “Ironically, it is the oceanic areas the need for technology to better the past, which is next to nothing,” full here due to a production error in the ber Garret Graves (R-La.). c which currently have the least air traf- manage commercial space and airline Ulmann told the conference. “But Nov. 25-Dec. 8 issue.

40 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 41 PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE

AVIATIONWEEK 2019 PHOTO CONTEST

42 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE BEST OF THE BEST Evan Peers AVIATIONWEEK San Carlos, California The grand finale of the Wednesday evening air show at the Experimental Aircraft Association’s AirVenture 2019 in Oshkosh 2019 PHOTO CONTEST featured a mushroom-cloud-like fireball named “Dun-Diehl SuperNuke” by creator Dion Diehl, president of DTG Pyrotechnics. Extra Aircraft’s just-released Extra NG next-generation aerobatic aircraft sits in the foreground.

42 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 43 PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE

COMMERCIAL First Place Santiago Borja Quito, Ecuador A storm cleansed the atmosphere over Jose Joaquin de Olmedo International Airport in Guayaquil, Ecuador, providing this unusually clear view of the city merging with the lights of the Airbus A319 cockpit.

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COMMERCIAL Second Place Maciej Hatta Cold Lake, Alberta A Boeing 787 lined up for final approach to Runway 24R at Los Angeles International Airport ahead of an autumn full Moon.

COMMERCIAL Third Place Art Harman Fairfax, Virginia Chasing the sunset to California, the pilot flew between two layers of clouds, giving the Sun an easel on which to create its spectacular artwork.

46 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 47 PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE

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COMMERCIAL Editor’s Picks

1. Jacob Rutledge 2. Vladimir Voronov 3. Jeremy Dwyer-Lindgren Louisville, Kentucky Moscow Seattle A two-image stack depicts a Boeing For many flight attendants, flying is more The world spins below as an Alaska 757-200PF departing Louisville, Kentucky, than a job; it is a dream fulfilled. This crew Airlines Boeing 737-900 departs George as UPS Flight 1450 on Dec. 19, 2018, member definitely has her eye on flying. Bush Intercontinental Airport in Houston destined for Cleveland during the in January. peak holiday season.

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1 3 4 5

COMMERCIAL Editor’s Picks

1. Jacob Rutledge 2. Vladimir Voronov 3. Jeremy Dwyer-Lindgren 4. Jin Nakashima 5. Santiago Borja Louisville, Kentucky Moscow Seattle Ardmore, Oklahoma Quito, Ecuador A two-image stack depicts a Boeing For many flight attendants, flying is more The world spins below as an Alaska When this British Airways Boeing 747-400 City lights from Venezuela merge with the 757-200PF departing Louisville, Kentucky, than a job; it is a dream fulfilled. This crew Airlines Boeing 737-900 departs George was approaching London Heathrow Airport’s glow of far-off Amazonian oil wells, and the as UPS Flight 1450 on Dec. 19, 2018, member definitely has her eye on flying. Bush Intercontinental Airport in Houston Runway 27L, the “Queen of the Sky” created clear Milky Way glows above them, as seen destined for Cleveland during the in January. what could have been the world’s largest from 34,000 ft. onboard a Boeing 767 flying peak holiday season. heart. It could be seen as the warm heart of from Europe to Ecuador. Joe Sutter, who designed and built what many consider one of the greatest aircraft, ever.

48 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 49 PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE

SPACE First Place Michael Seeley Melbourne, Florida When this United Launch Alliance Atlas 551 AEHF-5 communications satellite launched at 6:13 a.m., 35 min. before sunrise, the downrange plume caught the rising sunlight perfectly, with just a hint of crepuscular rays emanating from the horizon. This 251-sec. exposure was captured from Palm Shores, Florida, looking across the Indian River Lagoon.

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SPACE Third Place Alexis Bechtel Chatsworth, California Smoke and fire from a launch abort engine rocket hot-fire test lights up the Mojave Desert at sunset. Four of these Aerojet Rocketdyne engines provide the thrust for the crew-escape system that is designed to carry astronauts to safety in the event of a launch anomaly on Boeing’s CST-100 Starliner spacecraft.

52 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE SPACE Second Place Walter Scriptunas II Charleston, West Virginia A United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy lifts off from Space Launch Complex 6 at Vandenberg AFB, California, with the NROL-71 mission for the National Reconnaissance Office.

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1 2 3 SPACE Editor’s Picks

1. Ben Cooper Orlando, Florida Twenty-seven Merlin engines lift a Falcon Heavy off Pad 39A at the John F. Kennedy Space Center and into orbit with Arabsat 6A onboard.

2. Jack Beyer Los Angeles Stratolaunch’s “Roc,” the largest aircraft in the world by wingspan, took flight for the first time on April 13. After a test flight lasting more than 2 hr., pilot Evan Thomas did this low approach before coming back around for a picture-perfect landing.

3. Walter Scriptunas II Charleston, West Virginia

The Mobile Assembly Shelter rolls back to its launch position at Space Launch Complex 6 at Vandenberg AFB, California, revealing the United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy.

4. John Kraus Satellite Beach, Florida The fury of United Launch Alliance’s Atlas V rocket is evident in this close-up photograph of the vehicle’s single RD-180 engine and five Aerojet Rocketdyne AJ-60A solid rocket motors, which powered the AEHF-5 satellite to orbit on Aug. 8.

54 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE

1 2 3 SPACE Editor’s Picks

1. Ben Cooper Orlando, Florida Twenty-seven Merlin engines lift a Falcon Heavy off Pad 39A at the John F. Kennedy Space Center and into orbit with Arabsat 6A onboard.

3. Walter Scriptunas II Charleston, West Virginia

The Mobile Assembly Shelter rolls back to its launch position at Space Launch Complex 6 at Vandenberg AFB, California, revealing the United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy.

54 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 55 PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE

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DEFENSE First Place Avgar Idan Rehovot, Israel The afterburner of an Israeli Air Force Lockheed Martin F-35i Adir kicks in over the desert at sunset.

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DEFENSE Second Place Avichai Socher Givat Shmuel, Israel Symmetric in all aspects, this Israeli Air Force McDonnell Douglas F-15I “Thunder” is having its exhaust plates inspected by two technicians— one in each engine exhaust. Everything checks OK.

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2 DEFENSE Editor’s Picks

1. Avichai Socher Givat Shmuel, Israel The engine exhaust and the rotor’s prop wash from an Israeli Air Force Boeing AH-64A Apache “Peten” creates art in the sky as the aircraft drops flares during the blue hour in the desert.

2. Peter Lewis Bruetten, Switzerland A McDonnell Douglas F/A-18C flown by Capt. Andreas “Menkster” Menk from the Swiss Air Force’s Sqdn. 11 banks with its position lamps glowing shortly after sunset over central southern Switzerland.

3. Avgar Idan Rehovot, Israel An F-15 turns above the Israeli desert.

60 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE DEFENSE Third Place Andreas Zeitler Manching, Germany Two German Luftwaffe Eurofighter Typhoons sit ready for takeoff before a night mission.

2 3 DEFENSE Editor’s Picks

3. Avgar Idan Rehovot, Israel An F-15 turns above the Israeli desert.

60 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 61 PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE

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GENERAL First Place Peter Lewis Bruetten, Switzerland This former Swiss Air Force Hawker Hunter, now flown by the Hunter Association St. Stephan, pulls vapor trails over the Alps. It is flown by Ueli Leutert, the last commanding officer of Fighter Sqdn. 15, whose logo was a paper airplane.

62 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 63 PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE

GENERAL ec Place Peter Lewis ruetten, Switerland A athys Aviation C- is en route to St. Stephan Airfi eld in Switerland, just ahead of a major storm front.

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GENERAL ec Place Peter Lewis ruetten, Switerland A athys Aviation C- is en route to St. Stephan Airfi eld in Switerland, just ahead of a major storm front.

6 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 65 PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE

GENERAL Editor’s Picks Jessica Ambats Malibu, California 1. This Learjet was transformed into a rainbow to give rides to kids with serious illnesses in the Make-A-Wish program. 2. TxJet’s fleet of Cessna Citations are used to transport life-saving organs to recipients in need. 3. Nathan Gingles Omaha, Nebraska A Goodyear FG-1D Corsair folds its wings in this composite image.

66 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE GENERAL Third Place Johnson Barros Brasilia, Brazil As the stars circle the south celestial pole, creating a beautiful shape in the sky, an RV-8 from the Fox Sqdn. awaits dawn for its next flight. 1

GENERAL 3 Editor’s Picks Jessica Ambats Malibu, California 1. This Learjet was transformed into a rainbow to give rides to kids with serious illnesses in the Make-A-Wish program. 2. TxJet’s fleet of Cessna Citations are used to transport life-saving organs to recipients in need. 3. Nathan Gingles Omaha, Nebraska A Goodyear FG-1D Corsair folds its wings in this composite image.

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GENERAL Editor’s Picks

4. Phil Taylor Pascoe Vale, Australia Frank Parker flies a Bristol Scout at the Classic Fighters Airshow 2019 in Omaka, New Zealand. 5. Rain Brooks Sacramento, California A transforming dinosaur robot named Robosaurus appears to be eating the U.S. Navy Blue Angels at the California International Air Show in Salinas. 6. Mark Usciak Lancaster, Pennsylvania A dawn launch at the Lancaster Balloon Festival in Bird-in-Hand, Pennsylvania. 7. Ben Ullings Alphen aan den Rijn, Netherlands A farmer spraying very dry land added an extra rainbow dimension to the farewell of a Catalina PBY-5A departing the Netherlands on May 29 to join the Collings Foundation fleet. It was accompanied by four Fokker S-11 “Instructor” aircraft and a Dutch-based AT-6 Texan.

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4 5 7 GENERAL Editor’s Picks

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The Judges

James R. Asker retired as Aviation Week executive editor in 2017. He studied photography, among other subjects, at Rice University before becoming a reporter and occasional photographer for The Houston Post. Asker joined Aviation Week in 1989, covering space technology and science prior to becoming Washington bureau chief and managing editor. His photographs have appeared in numerous newspapers and magazines.

Dana Bell has written 34 books on aviation history and is now a full- time author after a 30-year career with the U.S. government. Starting as a photo researcher with the U.S. Air Force in 1976, he moved to the Smithsonian Institution’s National Air and Space Museum in 8 Washington in 1982. Mitchell Koppelman has been a professional news photographer, GENERAL editor and manager for more than 40 years. After a decade with Editor’s Picks United Press International, he joined Gannett as the founding director of photography 8. errick aos for USA Today. In 1984, he joined Reuters as a founder of the Reuters News Pictures Service, Santa aria, California taking a post as assistant news pictures editor ighpressure waterets blasting from a fi refi ghting vessel frame a demonstration of a etpack for North America. He helped develop its online global news photo service, the first web-based Aviation B turboetpowered etpack over the acifi c cean near untington Beach, California. digital picture and video archives, and directed development and deployment of the rst digital broadcast satellite delivery of still photos in the 9. lia Aela Americas. He now manages Reuters’ relationships rie, Colorado with broadcasters in the Western Hemisphere. Mother ature provided uite a backdrop during this stunning sunrise photo shoot. Several Tony Osborne, Aviation Week’s minutes into the fl ight, the rainbow appeared and added another dynamic dimension to London bureau chief since 2012, the landscape as Allen loyd piloted his Rutan Model Long, which he has named covers European defense programs, calibur, along the ront Range of the Rocky Mountains. avionics and unmanned vehicles. He is also an accomplished aviation photographer.

Lisa Caputo, Aviation Week’s award-winning director of content design, has worked at the magazine since 1990. Her respon- sibilities have evolved to include digital as well as print design. Previously, she worked as a graphic artist at Business Week and as a layout artist at Time magazine. Caputo is a graduate of the Fashion Institute of Technology in New York. Photo Contest Director

Michael O. Lavitt is director of editorial content production for the Aviation Week Network. He guided the transition of the contest to digital photography and online entry, which quadrupled entries and drew a more international eld. He joined Aviation Week in 1988 as a news editor and played a key role in the organization’s transition to a multimedia provider of aerospace news, analysis, data and 9 intelligence.

AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst PHOTOGRAPHY ISSUE

The Judges The Winners

James R. Asker retired as Aviation Best of the Best Third Place, Space Week executive editor in 2017. He Evan Peers is an aviation media producer, video Alexis Bechtel is an aerospace engineer and landscape studied photography, among other editor, photo/videographer and journalist based astrophotography enthusiast based in Los Angeles. subjects, at Rice University before out of Northern California. He has been fascinated Working for a major rocket engine company since 1997, becoming a reporter and occasional with flight and aircraft since an early age, when he she has had the opportunity to photograph development photographer for The Houston Post. started attending air shows and watching airlines from airport testing of rocket engines at remote desert facilities by day and Asker joined Aviation Week in 1989, covering fences. His company, Airspace Media, provides creative media capture the Milky Way at night. She was awarded the grand prize space technology and science prior to becoming services for aviation and aerospace. Peers’ work has been in the 2010 Popular Photography photo contest. Her website is Washington bureau chief and managing editor. seen in publications ranging from local newspapers to National alexisbphotography.com. His photographs have appeared in numerous Geographic. He has been the chief photographer for the newspapers and magazines. International Aerobatic Club since 2016 and served as the editor of its flagship magazine, Sport Aerobatics, for more than two years Dana Bell has written 34 books on He previously won Best of the Best in 2014 and Third Place in the First Place, Defense aviation history and is now a full- General Aviation category in 2012. Avgar Idan is an Israel-based self-taught photographer. time author after a 30-year career Recently retired from the field of finance, he now spends with the U.S. government. Starting his time with his true passion—photography. He mainly as a photo researcher with the U.S. focuses on wildlife and aviation photography, flying all over First Place, Commercial Air Force in 1976, he moved to the Smithsonian the world to participate in air-to-air photography sessions and air Institution’s National Air and Space Museum in Santiago Borja was born and raised in Quito, Ecuador, shows. Washington in 1982. where he still lives. He is a pilot for a major airline 8 in the region, flying Boeing 767-300ERs between the Mitchell Koppelman has been a Americas and Europe. His work has been published by The professional news photographer, Washington Post, the BBC, Time and CNN. He has won numerous Second Place, Defense GENERAL editor and manager for more than awards, including National Geographic Nature Photographer of the Avichai Socher was trained as an aerospace engineer. 40 years. After a decade with Year in 2016. His website is santiagoborja.com. He has photographed a wide range of subjects, including Editor’s Picks United Press International, he joined aviation, wildlife and landscapes. He specializes in macro Gannett as the founding director of photography and night photography. He won First Place in the Defense for USA Today. In 1984, he joined Reuters as a category in 2014 and 2016 and Second Place in the Commercial 8. errick aos Second Place, Commercial founder of the Reuters News Pictures Service, category in 2018. Santa aria, California taking a post as assistant news pictures editor Maciej Hatta has logged nearly 3,000 hr. as a fighter ighpressure waterets blasting from a fi refi ghting vessel frame a demonstration of a etpack for North America. He helped develop its online pilot and instructor with the Canadian Armed Forces, global news photo service, the first web-based Aviation B turboetpowered etpack over the acifi c cean near untington Beach, California. including a four-year tour with the Snowbirds, the nation’s digital picture and video archives, and directed demonstration squadron. Inspired to pursue aviation by Third Place, Defense development and deployment of the rst digital a pivotal video he saw as a youngster, he has strived to “pay it Andreas Zeitler works as an aerospace engineer and 9. lia Aela broadcast satellite delivery of still photos in the forward” as an award-winning filmmaker and photographer based in travels the world pursuing aviation photography subjects Americas. He now manages Reuters’ relationships the Canadian prairies. He was instrumental in helping the Snowbirds rie, Colorado and exotic photo opportunities. He won First Place in with broadcasters in the Western Hemisphere. become the first jet team in North America to adopt 360-deg. the General Aviation category in 2010 and 2012. His Mother ature provided uite a backdrop during this stunning sunrise photo shoot. Several camera technology, providing a truly interactive experience for fans. work is featured at flying-wings.com. Tony Osborne, Aviation Week’s minutes into the fl ight, the rainbow appeared and added another dynamic dimension to London bureau chief since 2012, the landscape as Allen loyd piloted his Rutan Model Long, which he has named covers European defense programs, Third Place, Commercial calibur, along the ront Range of the Rocky Mountains. avionics and unmanned vehicles. First Place and Second Place, General Art Harman is a fine arts photographer and has covered He is also an accomplished aviation Peter Lewis is a Zurich-based aviation photographer many rocket launches. He can be seen on flights with photographer. and owner of an aerospace company. He has published his camera glued to the window as the world drifts by. articles worldwide on the Swiss Air Force. Swiss Tiger Parallel He is the founder and president of the Coalition to Save Lisa Caputo, Aviation Week’s Flight is his latest and fourth book. Specializing in air-to-air Manned Space Exploration, which advised the White House to award-winning director of content photography with both military airplanes and commercial types over the return to the Moon by 2024 and land on Mars in the 2030s. His design, has worked at the mag- Swiss Alps, Lewis’ pictures have graced the covers of numerous aircraft photography website is WritingWithDark.com. azine since 1990. Her respon- magazines. His aviation knowledge, specialized writing and photography sibilities have evolved to include have received global acclaim. digital as well as print design. Previously, she worked as a graphic artist at Business Week and First Place, Space as a layout artist at Time magazine. Caputo is a graduate of the Fashion Institute of Technology in Michael Seeley lives on the Space Coast of Florida Third Place, General and is a co-founder of WeReportSpace.com. When not New York. Johnson Barros is a self-taught photographer who has photographing rockets or other aerospace things, he studied his craft since childhood by poring through works as the chief development officer for Health First Inc. Photo Contest Director aviation magazines and books about the history of and the Health First Foundation in Melbourne, Florida. Renaissance art, especially paintings by Caravaggio. He is Michael O. Lavitt is director of the Brazilian Air Force’s photographer and also works on historical editorial content production for the reinterpretation projects and social awareness through photo Aviation Week Network. He guided Second Place, Space essays. He won Third Place in the Defense category in 2015. the transition of the contest to digital photography and online entry, Walter Scriptunas II is a professional photographer which quadrupled entries and drew a more who has covered the U.S. space program since international eld. He joined Aviation Week in 2010. He has worked for Spaceflight Now and 1988 as a news editor and played a key role officially for launch providers at Vandenberg AFB, in the organization’s transition to a multimedia California, and Cape Canaveral. More of his work can be found at provider of aerospace news, analysis, data and scriptunasimages.com. 9 intelligence.

AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst AviationWeek.com/awst AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 71 AW 5/6 ABARIS 1 Cols. x 1 A A LAKE CITY - back 5/20 issue To Place Your ToClassified Place Your Classified Ad Contact Ad Contact: Steve Copley MATEC 1 Cols. x 2.5 ad - teve oe 440-320-8871 steen.coeaviationweek.com (Matec 1x1 ad for 5/20 issue) [email protected]

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A Risky Business

resident Donald Trump appears to be getting his wish as a sort of geopolitical umbrella, but the trade-off is that that U.S. allies pay more for their own defense, which there has to be commercial exclusivity,” he added. “It’s an Pbegs the question: Is the victory worth the cost? arrangement for buying American.” Pushing allies to spend at least 2% of their GDP on defense While Macron is calling for a reconsideration of what is not a new concept. Trump’s predecessors George W. Bush NATO means in light of reduced American commitment, and Barack Obama both argued for greater burden sharing, European nations are not waiting. They are building up and Russia’s 2014 invasion their own defense indus- NATO/GETTY IMAGES of Ukraine’s Crimea re- trial base. In 2017, the EU gion had allies starting to created the Permanent move toward that bench- Structured Cooperation mark. Arguably, Trump’s initiative, which is pursuing “America First” drumbeat research toward new mis- is getting NATO allies to siles, aircraft, missile de- pay a bigger share of the fense and electronic attack cost of their defense three capabilities. U.S. efforts to decades after the end of have its companies includ- the Cold War. Military ed in the work have so far spending by European been brushed off. NATO nations and Can- Trump’s hardball ap- ada has risen 4.6% this proach also is being ap- year, and the majority of plied to key allies in Asia allies have plans to spend that have long served as at least 2% of their GDP on a bulwark against a rising defense by 2024, accord- China. The U.S. alliance ing to NATO General Secretary Jens Stoltenberg (pictured with South Korea is now reviewed annually, instead of ev- with Trump). ery four years. And after signing a deal in February that Meanwhile, the U.S. is on a path to dial back its contri- calls for South Korea to pay nearly $1 billion to maintain bution from 22% of NATO’s total funding to 16%. “This is a the U.S. military presence there, Washington is now de- direct result of President Trump making clear our expec- manding that Seoul pay $4.7 billion annually. Before an tations that these Europe- agreement was reached, ans would step up to help the U.S. walked out of the secure their own people,” “THE MORE OUR ALLIANCES FRAY, THE talks. The Trump admin- says U.S. Secretary of istration also is looking State Mike Pompeo. for more cash from Japan, Unfortunately, Trump LESS INTEREST PEOPLE HAVE IN calling for more than triple has not stopped there, Tokyo’s $1.7 billion contri- openly expressing disdain BUYING U.S. DEFENSE GOODS bution toward hosting U.S. for an organization estab- troops in its country. lished to guard against AND SERVICES.” These requests are the kind of territorial ex- straining longstanding alli- pansion undertaken by ances. South Korea is edg- the former Soviet Union. He has hurled sophomoric barbs ing closer to China, while Japan, which has a strong indus- at steadfast allies such as the UK, Germany and Canada, trial base, might partner with the UK on its Tempest fighter while refusing to criticize Russian strongman Vladimir Pu- program (see page 24). tin, the architect of both the Crimea invasion and Moscow’s To be sure, U.S. defense exports remain near an all-time campaign to interfere in U.S. elections. For the first phase high. The Defense Security Cooperation Agency announced of the Trump presidency, his cabinet tried to temper those $55.4 billion in potential Foreign Military Sales in fiscal 2019, go-it-alone impulses. Then-Defense Secretary James Mattis about the same as the prior year. But there are indications sought to reassure allies of U.S. support for their security. that Trump’s pay-up-now methods may lead to an erosion But more recent White House appointees have been less in future sales. willing to cross their boss. Asking allies to contribute more for their own defense Even more damaging was Trump’s abrupt decision to certainly has merit, but the wider risks to U.S. global inter- withdraw most U.S. forces from Syria, disgracefully aban- ests cannot be ignored. Can 70-year-old alliances survive if doning America’s Kurdish allies to the benefit of Turkey, the leading partner vocally questions their value? And if the Russia and Iran and leaving Europe more exposed to attacks alliances crack, what would that mean for the U.S. military from Islamic extremists. “What we are currently experienc- industrial base? ing is the brain death of NATO,” French President Emmanu- “The more our alliances fray,” says Eric Edelman, a for- el Macron told The Economist. Trump sees NATO in a trans- mer U.S. undersecretary of defense, “the less interest peo- actional way, “as a project in which the United States acts ple have in buying U.S. defense goods and services.” c

74 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst EDITORIAL Know. A Risky Business resident Donald Trump appears to be getting his wish as a sort of geopolitical umbrella, but the trade-off is that Predict. that U.S. allies pay more for their own defense, which there has to be commercial exclusivity,” he added. “It’s an Pbegs the question: Is the victory worth the cost? arrangement for buying American.” Pushing allies to spend at least 2% of their GDP on defense While Macron is calling for a reconsideration of what is not a new concept. Trump’s predecessors George W. Bush NATO means in light of reduced American commitment, and Barack Obama both argued for greater burden sharing, European nations are not waiting. They are building up Connect. and Russia’s 2014 invasion their own defense indus- NATO/GETTY IMAGES of Ukraine’s Crimea re- trial base. In 2017, the EU gion had allies starting to created the Permanent move toward that bench- Structured Cooperation mark. Arguably, Trump’s initiative, which is pursuing “America First” drumbeat research toward new mis- is getting NATO allies to siles, aircraft, missile de- pay a bigger share of the fense and electronic attack cost of their defense three capabilities. U.S. efforts to decades after the end of have its companies includ- the Cold War. Military ed in the work have so far spending by European been brushed off. NATO nations and Can- Trump’s hardball ap- ada has risen 4.6% this proach also is being ap- year, and the majority of plied to key allies in Asia allies have plans to spend that have long served as at least 2% of their GDP on a bulwark against a rising defense by 2024, accord- China. The U.S. alliance ing to NATO General Secretary Jens Stoltenberg (pictured with South Korea is now reviewed annually, instead of ev- with Trump). ery four years. And after signing a deal in February that Meanwhile, the U.S. is on a path to dial back its contri- calls for South Korea to pay nearly $1 billion to maintain bution from 22% of NATO’s total funding to 16%. “This is a the U.S. military presence there, Washington is now de- direct result of President Trump making clear our expec- manding that Seoul pay $4.7 billion annually. Before an tations that these Europe- agreement was reached, ans would step up to help the U.S. walked out of the secure their own people,” “THE MORE OUR ALLIANCES FRAY, THE talks. The Trump admin- says U.S. Secretary of istration also is looking State Mike Pompeo. for more cash from Japan, Unfortunately, Trump LESS INTEREST PEOPLE HAVE IN calling for more than triple has not stopped there, Tokyo’s $1.7 billion contri- openly expressing disdain BUYING U.S. DEFENSE GOODS bution toward hosting U.S. for an organization estab- troops in its country. lished to guard against AND SERVICES.” These requests are the kind of territorial ex- straining longstanding alli- Business-critical information, predictive intelligence and pansion undertaken by ances. South Korea is edg- connections with opportunities and people. That’s how the former Soviet Union. He has hurled sophomoric barbs ing closer to China, while Japan, which has a strong indus- at steadfast allies such as the UK, Germany and Canada, trial base, might partner with the UK on its Tempest fighter the Aviation Week Network helps you make decisions while refusing to criticize Russian strongman Vladimir Pu- program (see page 24). and build your business. tin, the architect of both the Crimea invasion and Moscow’s To be sure, U.S. defense exports remain near an all-time campaign to interfere in U.S. elections. For the first phase high. The Defense Security Cooperation Agency announced Delivering award-winning journalism, deep data and of the Trump presidency, his cabinet tried to temper those $55.4 billion in potential Foreign Military Sales in fiscal 2019, analytics, world-class events, and content-driven go-it-alone impulses. Then-Defense Secretary James Mattis about the same as the prior year. But there are indications marketing services, our core principle is helping our sought to reassure allies of U.S. support for their security. that Trump’s pay-up-now methods may lead to an erosion But more recent White House appointees have been less in future sales. customers succeed. willing to cross their boss. Asking allies to contribute more for their own defense Even more damaging was Trump’s abrupt decision to certainly has merit, but the wider risks to U.S. global inter- Let’s grow your business. withdraw most U.S. forces from Syria, disgracefully aban- ests cannot be ignored. Can 70-year-old alliances survive if doning America’s Kurdish allies to the benefit of Turkey, the leading partner vocally questions their value? And if the AviationWeek.com/KnowPredictConnect Russia and Iran and leaving Europe more exposed to attacks alliances crack, what would that mean for the U.S. military from Islamic extremists. “What we are currently experienc- industrial base? ing is the brain death of NATO,” French President Emmanu- “The more our alliances fray,” says Eric Edelman, a for- el Macron told The Economist. Trump sees NATO in a trans- mer U.S. undersecretary of defense, “the less interest peo- actional way, “as a project in which the United States acts ple have in buying U.S. defense goods and services.” c Know. Predict. Connect. 74 AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY/DECEMBER 9-22, 2019 AviationWeek.com/awst Interconnect Technology That Keeps Your Aircraft Soaring

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