Heritage Impact Statement

Land at Crumps Yard, Dock Road, Connah’s Quay

August 2019 Client Stephenson Halliday for Flintshire County Council

Site name Crumps Yard Solar Farm, Dock Road, Connah’s Quay

Report type Heritage Impact Statement

Report reference P18013/02.02

Report date 15 March 2019, updated following consultation 29 July 2019

Prepared by Helena Kelly, BSc, MIFA Heritage Archaeology Ltd

Harborough Innovation Centre Airfield Business Park, Leicester Rd, Market Harborough LE16 7WB Revision history V1.0; 15.03.19 Client draft

V1.2; 29.07.19 Updated following consultation with CPAT

V2.0; 22.08.19 Updated with finalised site boundary. Final

Summary

The Crumps Yard Solar Farm Application Site is within an area of former marshland, reclaimed during the late 19th century. It was the site of a Wagon Works and Chemical Works during the 19th and 20th centuries. 1.1. The Chemical Works was partially demolished in the late 19th/ early 20th century with one building retained and used as a Wagon Works. That in turn was demolished in the late 1950’s/ early 1960’s when the Wagon Works was redeveloped. The Wagon Repair Workshop was extended in the 1980s but went out of use and was demolished by the early 2000s. No structures survive on site, although the hard standing of the 1980s building is evident. 1.2. Although the Application Site has potential for remains associated with this activity to be present, the reclamation and modern redevelopment activities within the Application Site are likely to have impacted any archaeological remains. That, and the nature of the proposed development which has limited below ground impacts, results in the predicted effects being minor (adverse). No mitigation is proposed in relation to the historic environment.

The Application Site is not within the settings of any designated heritage assets, including nine grade II listed buildings within 1km of the Application Site. There is no inter-visibility between the Application Site and these assets. The Proposals would not be capable of affecting the contribution made by setting to the heritage values of these assets.

Contents 1 Introduction ...... 1 Site location ...... 1 Aims of the assessment...... 1 Planning context ...... 2 Best practice and guidance ...... 2 2 Method of assessment ...... 4 Study area...... 4 Data sources ...... 4 Site visit ...... 4 Determining the level of effect ...... 5 3 Archaeological and historic context ...... 7 Background ...... 7 Historic map regression ...... 8 Site visit ...... 11 Historic landscape character ...... 11 4 Known historic assets within the study area ...... 12 Designated historic assets ...... 12 Non-designated historic assets ...... 12 Archaeological potential ...... 13 5 Discussion and conclusions ...... 14 Level of impact ...... 14 Consultation ...... 14 Mitigation ...... 14 Conclusion ...... 15 6 References, glossary and abbreviations ...... 16 References ...... 17 Appendix A – Gazetteer of know historic assets ...... 18

Connah’s Quay Solar Farm Heritage Impact Statement P00015.01.02

1 Introduction

1.3. This heritage impact statement has been prepared on behalf of Stephenson Halliday Limited, for Flintshire County Council (the Applicant). It provides a historic environment assessment in relation to a proposed solar farm located at Crumps Yard, Dock Road, Connah’s Quay (the Application Site). This assessment considers known and potential effects on archaeology and cultural heritage (collectively known as historic assets) and affects that could arise as a result of development within the setting of historic assets.

Site location

1.4. The site is located at Crumps Yard, Dock Road, Connah’s Quay, Flintshire, CH5 4DU, national grid reference SJ 2969, 6973 (site centre).

1.5. It is in the historic parish of Northop (now Connah’s Quay), and County of Flintshire. The relevant Historic Environment Record (HER) is held by Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust, which also provides advice on planning and the historic environment to Flintshire County Council.

Figure 1: Location of Application Site

Aims of the assessment

1.6. The assessment aims to determine, as far as reasonably possible from existing records, the nature, extent and significance of any historic assets that could be affected by development within the site. The assessment will also use background data to evaluate the potential for previously unrecorded historic assets to be present within the site.

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1.7. This report also provides an assessment of the potential impact of the proposed development on the significance of historic assets within or near to the site.

Assumptions and limitations 1.8. Archaeological evidence is often buried and invisible from the ground surface, it is therefore possible that the extent, character and significance of an asset could vary from that described in the consulted data sources. A reasonable worse case has been taken in the assessment that follows, and professional judgement used to determine the likely significance (or value) of historic assets where the precise nature of the asset is not known.

Planning context Legislation 1.9. Heritage protection in Wales is provided for by the following statutory legislation:

• Historic Environment (Wales) Act 2016; • Planning (Wales) Act 2015; • Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990; and • Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. Planning Policy Wales, Edition 10, Welsh Government, December 2018 1.10. Paragraph 6.1.7 of Planning Policy Wales (PPW) identifies that “it is important that the planning system looks to protect, conserve and enhance the significance of historic assets. This will include consideration of the setting of an historic asset which might extend beyond its curtilage”. Paragraph 6.1.9 states that “Any decisions made through the planning system must fully consider the impact on the historic environment and on the significance and heritage values of individual historic assets and their contribution to the character of place”.

Best practice and guidance

1.11. The following guidance documents have been referenced in preparing this report.

• Technical Advice Note 24: The Historic Environment, Welsh Government, 2017;

• Conservation Principles; Policy for the Sustainable Management of the Historic Environment in Wales, Welsh Assembly Government, 2011;

• Heritage Impact Assessment in Wales, Welsh Government, 2017; and

• Setting of Historic Assets in Wales, Welsh Government, 2017. 1.12. The best-practice guidance “Setting of Historic Assets in Wales” outlines the principles to be used to assess the potential impact of development within the setting of designated historic assets. A staged approach is advised in assessing setting effects;

• Stage 1: Identify the historic asset that might be affected by the proposed change or development;

• Stage 2: Design and analyse the settings to understand how they contribute to the significance of the historic assets and, in particular, the ways in which the asset are understood, appreciated and experienced;

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• Stage 3: Evaluation the potential impact of a proposed change or development on that significance; and

• Step 4: If necessary, consider options to mitigate or improve the potential impact of a proposed change or development on that significance. 1.13. The best-practice guidance “Conservation Principles” provides a framework of heritage values that can be used in assessing heritage significance, these are;

• Evidential value: a historic asset can hold, or potentially hold, evidence of past human activity that can be revealed through investigation;

• Historical value: the way in which a historic asset can illustrate past people, events and aspects of life;

• Aesthetic value: This derives from a contemporary appreciation of the asset’s aesthetics; and

• Communal value: This derives from the meanings that an historic asset has for the people who relate to it.

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2 Method of assessment Study area

2.1. Data for historic assets was obtained for a study area of 1km. The study area was designed to be fully inclusive of the Application Site boundary, to ensure that assets adjacent to the Application Site but with the potential to extend into, are captured in baseline data. The area of search also allows for assets within or adjacent to the Application Site to be placed in context, and for the identification of trends that may help to predict archaeological potential within the Application Site. This study area also allowed for the identification of the historic assets where the development could affect the contribution of the historic asset’s setting to its significance.

Data sources

2.2. The following data sources were consulted in compiling this report:

• Historic Wales map enabled portal for historic environment information in Wales;

• Coflein the online database for the National Monuments Record of Wales (NMRW);

• LANDMAP the all-Wales landscape resource containing information on historic landscape characterisation;

• Clwyd Powys Historic Environment Record (HER);

• Local plan information (conservation areas);

• Historic Ordnance Survey mapping;

• Flintshire Record Office (visited in January 2019); and

• Crump’s Yard Phase 1 Geo-environmental desk study report (Arcadis, 2018). Site visit

2.3. The site was visited on 11th January 2019. The site visit was undertaken to assess:

• The extent, condition and character of known historic assets within the site, as far as reasonably possible;

• The potential for the site to include previously unrecorded historic assets;

• Any health, safety or environmental considerations relevant to future field work or archaeological potential;

• The nature of the surroundings of historic assets within the vicinity of the site, to determine the contribution made by setting to the significance of those assets (including visual and functional relationships with other historic assets, formal design, openness, integrity and change over time);

• The way the assets are appreciated, experienced and understood in terms of the contribution made by setting to significance (including views, visual prominence, associated attributes, and intentional inter-visibility with other assets); and

• The location, form and appearance of the development in relation to assets within the site, and its vicinity.

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Determining the level of effect

2.4. The level of effect has been determined by assessing the heritage value of the asset, then comparing that to the predicted magnitude of effect.

Heritage value 2.5. Heritage value has been assessed for each asset as being either high, moderate, low or negligible.

2.6. Assets with high value include those that have a designation, as they meet national criteria for designation under the relevant legislation or planning policy provisions. Assets that are not scheduled monuments, but of demonstrably equivalent significance will be treated as if they were scheduled and accorded high value. In the professional judgements made in determining the level of effect, this relatively higher level of significance is considered.

2.7. Assets with moderate value are those that have regional interest, being good examples of regional archaeology or architecture, or having regionally significant historic interest.

2.8. Assets with low value are those that are of local interest only, being well represented regionally and nationally, or based on the condition of the asset. Assets with negligible value will typically demonstrate poor survival or a lack of historic, architectural, artistic or archaeological interest.

Magnitude of change 2.9. The magnitude of change has also been assessed as being either high, moderate, low or negligible.

2.10. A change described as being of high magnitude would result in a significant or total loss of heritage value, either as a result of physical removal of the asset or a change within its setting that significantly impacts the understanding and appreciation of the historic asset.

2.11. A change described as being of moderate magnitude would result in harm to heritage value either as a result of partial physical removal of the asset or a change within its setting that impacts the understanding and appreciation of the historic asset.

2.12. A change described as being of low or negligible magnitude would result in a slight loss of heritage value through limited physical impact on the asset or a change within its setting that would be barely perceptible and the appreciation and understanding of the historic asset would be largely unchanged.

The level of effect 2.13. The level of effect would be determined by comparing the heritage value of the asset with the degree of change to that value. An important consideration is whether the adverse impact seriously affects a key element of the special interest of the asset (whether archaeological, historic, aesthetic or communal); it is the degree of harm to the asset’s significance rather than the scale of the development that is assessed.

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2.14. Major and medium adverse effects are equivalent to significant harm. Less than significant harm is a broader bandwidth and the degree of harm is a professional judgement encompassing minor changes.

2.15. The conclusions in this report identify the overall level of the proposed development on historic assets in accordance with the following scale:

Magnitude of change Heritage Value High Moderate Low Negligible Major Major or medium Medium or minor Minor or none High Major or medium Medium or minor Minor or none Minor or none Moderate Medium or minor Minor or none Minor or none None Low Minor or none Minor or none None None Negligible

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3 Archaeological and historic context Background

3.1. The Application Site is within an area of reclaimed land adjacent to the River Dee in Connah’s Quay, a settlement that developed around a dock yard established primarily for transporting coal in the late 18th century. The Application Site is flat and at an elevation of approximately 5m above Ordance Datum. The geology of the Application Site is noted by the British Geological Survey as Tidal Flat Deposits of clay, silt and sand, overlying mudstone, siltstone and sandstones (the Pennine Lower Coal Measures Formation). Boreholes at the adjacent Dock Road Landfill indicate approximately 5m of modern made ground.

3.2. Evidence for prehistoric activity in the study area includes the find of an early prehistoric cattle’s (auroch) skull, dredged from the Dee Estuary. The skull was buried by over 7m of sand and indicates that this species was present in the area, probably during the Flandrian interglacial period, the later Palaeolithic or early Mesolithic. Bronze Age finds have also been made in the area, two arrow head find spots are recorded within the 1km study area. While this suggests that prehistoric settlement may have occurred in the area, the possibility of any such remains being present within the Application Site is low, given that it was reclaimed and subsequently developed.

3.3. A promontory above the western side of the Wepre Brook has been cut off by twin ditches, to form an enclosure. The enclosure could be a small promontory fort, typically dating to the Iron Age. However, it is also potentially associated with the nearby Ewloe Castle. No Iron Age activity is recorded within the 1km study area.

3.4. Roman settlement is known in the wider area. A settlement site at Flint is probably associated with lead-ore processing, and Chester was the site of Roman Deva, a legionary fortress and town founded in the 1st century, shortly after the Roman invasion of 43AD. Roman evidence is recorded within the 1km study area; the modern A548 may represent the line of a Roman road, and a Roman coin find has been recorded. However, no settlement activity for this period is recorded within Connah’s Quay.

3.5. Wepre and Golftyn are both recorded in Domesday Book (1086), the place-name ‘Shotton’ first appears in the 13th century, and Ewloe Castle at Wepre was a Welsh stronghold built by Llywelyn ap Gruffudd in 1257. While small settlements at Shotton, Golftyn and Wepre were present during the medieval period, there is no evidence for any settlement at Connah’s Quay until the post medieval period.

3.6. The River Dee New Cut, a navigable channel through the River Dee, was constructed in 1737. A stone pier was built at Golftyn and this was the origin of the dock and port at Connah’s Quay (CPAT, 2006). Connah’s Quay is first recorded as a place name in 1791. The Old Quay House, a listed building (ID 4) to the north of the Application Site, is dated 1777 and was converted to an inn by the late 19th century. The settlement developed around a dock, present on the Tithe Map of 1839, and documented by S Lewis in A Topographical Dictionary of Wales, 1834, as having been ‘constructed in the last few years by the Irish

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Coal Company’. John Marius Wilson’s ‘Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales’, 1870-72, described Connah’s Quay as a ‘sea-port village in Northop parish, Flint. The village stands on the estuary of the Dee, at the terminus of the Buckley railway, adjacent to the Chester and Holyhead railway… The chapelry was constituted in 1844’.

3.7. The developing railway network further promoted the growth of the town. The Chester and Holyhead railway was incorporated by an Act of Parliament in 1844, and an agreement made in 1855 relates to working the railway. The railway forms the southern boundary to the Application Site and was built, at this location, on reclaimed land. It is therefore considered likely that Application Site was reclaimed in the 1840s or 50s.

Historic map regression

3.8. The earliest viewed map that accurately shows the location of the Application Site was the Northop Tithe Map, dated 1839. This map shows that the Application Site is completely within the coastal mudflats of the River Dee at that time. There is no apportionment, indicating that the land was not in any agricultural or domestic use and has no tithe value. The nearest land referenced in the apportionment is recorded as ‘marsh banks’ and ‘common covered with the tide’.

3.9. The first edition Ordnance Survey map, 1870, (1:2,500), figure 2, depicts the railway immediately to the south of the Application Site. The southern part of the site is reclaimed and occupied by three large buildings annotated as ‘Chemical Works’ (historic asset ID 13), the western building appears to have a railway siding connecting it to the Chester to Holyhead Railway. The northern part of the site is noted as ‘liable to be flooded’ and it is depicted as marsh land.

Figure 2: Ordnance Survey County Series, Flintshire, 1:2,500, 1870

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3.10. The second edition Ordnance Survey map, 1899, (1:2,500), figure 3, shows the Wrexham, Mold and Connah’s Quay Railway bounding extended reclaimed land to the north of the Application Site, the railway terminates at the dock and has a quay. The ‘Chemical Works’ is depicted, but noted as disused, with sidings to both the Chester to Holyhead and Wrexham, Mold and Connah’s Quay railways. The Chemical Works now only comprises what was formerly the western building, the other two buildings are no longer extant.

Figure 3: Ordnance Survey County Series, Flintshire, 1:2,500, 1899

3.11. By 1912 (figure 4), the ‘Chemical Works’ building is annotated as ‘Wagon Works and Saw Mill’ (historic asset ID 37) with an adjacent timber yard and a travelling crane linking to the dock, as well as the sidings to the railways. The area that contained buildings associated with the 1870s works is annotated as rough grassland.

Figure 4: Ordnance Survey County Series, Flintshire, 1:2,500 1912

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3.12. No significant changes occur within the Application Site until the 1950s, when buildings are constructed to the north of the Wagon Works. Aerial photography of the site dated 1945 shows the 1870s Wagon Works to be the only structure on site (as shown on figure 4). The OS Plan of 1963-64 (1:2,500), figure 5, shows these buildings (labelled as ‘works’) overlapping the north west of the Application Site. The 1870s Wagon Works is depicted in outline and by the 1969 Ordnance Survey Plan it is no longer extant, and the 1960s constructed buildings are labelled as ’Wagon Repair Works’, with railway sidings into the area formerly occupied by the 1870s building.

Figure 5: Ordnance Survey Plan, Flintshire, 1:2,500, 1963-4

3.13. By the late 1980s (figure 6) a further building has been constructed in the area of the 19th century timber yard, and the 1960s Wagon Repair Works has been extended. The 1960s buildings appear on mapping until the 1990s but are no longer extant in aerial photography dating from the 2000s. The 1980s building is extant in aerial photography until 2009, and the concrete pad base was evident during the site visit.

Figure 6: Ordnance Survey Plan, Flintshire, 1:1,250 1987-88

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Site visit

3.14. The Application Site is disused private land, with no public access (although evidence of fly-tipping was observed). The site is overgrown with scrub and shrubs.

3.15. Hard standing was observed in the area of the 1980s building, and an area of hardstanding to the north east of the Application Site, at the entrance from Dock Road. No structures were evident on site, and no railway tracks were observed.

3.16. No intervisibility was noted between the site and the listed buildings in Connah’s Quay. The site visit noted that there were intervening buildings between the listed buildings and the Application Site, and given the relatively flat topography, the Application Site is not visible in views from, or that include, the listed buildings. These assets’ settings are discussed further below.

Historic landscape character

3.17. The historic landscape character of the Application Site, as determined from historic mapping, is former estuarine marsh reclaimed in the mid-19th century and used for late post medieval and modern industry.

3.18. The Dee Estuary Historic Landscape study (CPAT, 1998) records Connah’s Quay to Flint, Area 6, as; “predominantly reclaimed land. The main settlement is Connah’s Quay which developed as a port at the mouth of the River Dee New Cut from 1772”.

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4 Known historic assets within the study area Designated historic assets

4.1. There are nine grade II listed buildings within the 1km study area. The listed buildings all date from the later post medieval period and reflect the early development of the post medieval settlement at Connah’s Quay. The listed buildings are all of high value for their historic, architectural, and in some cases communal and evidential, heritage interest.

4.2. They comprise St Marks Church and lychgate (asset ID 1 and 2), built in 1836 and 1917 respectively; the war memorial (asst ID 3) at Wepre; Old Quay House Inn and former stable block (asset ID 4 and 5), both dating from the late 18th century and located close to the dock; the Vicarage and former stable block (asset ID 6 and 8) dated 1839-41; the Ship Inn, (asset ID 7) a traditional public house dating from the late 19th or earl 20th century; and the dock basin (asset ID 9), noted in the list description as dating to the early 19th century.

4.3. The settings of these buildings relate to their relationship with each other and the development of a late post medieval settlement at Connah’s Quay. Views beyond the settlement are not readily available and are not important to understanding or appreciating the historic, architectural (aesthetic), evidential or communal value of these buildings. The Application Site is not within the settings of these listed buildings.

Non-designated historic assets

4.4. There are 97 recorded historic assets within the 1km area of search. One relates to the prehistoric auroch’s skull found in the River Dee (asset ID 73, referenced above). Two relate to Bronze Age find spots (referenced above, asset ID 10 and 88); two to the potential Roman road (the modern A548, asset ID 59 and 60); and one to the find of a Roman coin, asset ID 28). Of the remainder, 78 are associated with the development of post medieval (19th century) industry and settlement at Connah’s Quay, and 21 to the modern (20th century) expansion of the town and industry. These assets range in value from low (local significance) where assets have the potential to contribute to understanding and appreciating the archaeology and history of Connah’s Quay and Flintshire, to negligible, where all or most of the asset is no longer extant.

4.5. Of particular relevance to this assessment are the assets within the Application Site;

• Asset ID 13, Connah’s Quay Chemical Works I; A factory recorded as present on the first edition Ordnance Survey. The Phase 1 site investigation report for Crumps Yard Solar Farm (Arcadis, 2018) notes that the type of chemical works has not been identified, however, given the date of operation and the known industry in the local area, an alkali works is considered most probable.

• Asset ID 37, Connah’s Quay Wagon Works and Saw Mill: Occupying part of the former chemical works (asset ID 13, above), Williams and Son timber yard is depicted on a plan by Great Central Railway c. 1900 and by OS 3rd edition 1912 as a wagon works and saw mill. With a redevelopment of the buildings in the late 1950s/ early 1960s, the works continued in use until the late 1990s.

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4.6. The above assets that are no longer extant and are of low heritage value, assuming that some below ground evidence for these assets survives and that they therefore retain some historic and evidential value.

Figure 7: Locations of known historic assets

Archaeological potential

4.7. The archaeological potential of the Application Site is negligible for all periods prior to the late post medieval. Prior to reclamation, the Application Site was estuarine marsh land that was either within the River Dee or flooded at high tide. Archaeological evidence for prehistoric, Roman, medieval or early post medieval activity would not therefore be expected within this area. 4.8. Within areas of former reclaimed marsh land there can be potential for palaeo- environmental evidence and for evidence of the ancient buried shoreline. However subsequent activities on this site to reclaim the land and its industrial development could have impacted any such remains. 4.9. The archaeological potential of the Application Site is high for the late post-medieval to modern period, with the documented location of a mid-19th century Chemical Works and later Wagon Works noted from historic mapping. Remains associated with these historic assets, if they are present and have not been truncated by later 20th century activities, would be of local to regional significance for their historic and evidential heritage value.

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5 Assessment and conclusions Level of impact

5.1. The Application proposes a 1. 6MW solar PV development. It is envisaged that this will comprise the construction and operation of solar PV arrays (built on concrete shoes with minimal ground disturbance), inverter/transformer units, DNO and client substation, battery storage, security fencing and CCTV cameras. It is proposed that the substation and battery storage would be located within existing hard standing areas. The Point of Connection lies immediately to the north of the Application Site boundary. There would not be a new overhead line for the connection.

5.2. There are no designated heritage assets within the Application Site.

5.3. There are nine grade II listed buildings within a 1km study area. These assets are of high heritage value. The Application Site is not within the setting of any of these assets and would not therefore harm the contribution made by setting to the heritage value of any of these assets.

5.4. There are 97 non-designated heritage assets within the 1km study area, 95 of which are not within the Application Site and there would be no direct effect on these assets.

5.5. The site of a late 19th century Chemical Works and subsequent early 20th century Wagon Works and Saw Mill are within the Application Site. The Chemical Works was partially demolished in the late 19th/ early 20th century with one building retained and used as a Wagon Works. That in turn was demolished in the late 1950’s/ early 1960’s when the Wagon Works was redeveloped. The Wagon Repair Workshop was extended in the 1980s but went out of use and all of the buildings associated with it were demolished by the early 2000s. The Application Site has a high potential for remains associated with this activity to be present. Any such remains would be of low to moderate value, and the magnitude of change would be low to moderate given the nature of the development and predicted impact below ground. A minor adverse effect is therefore predicted.

Consultation

5.6. The CPAT HER was consulted in December 2018 for update records on known historic assets within the development site.

5.7. CPAT heritage advisory team was consulted in July 2019 to discuss the results of the assessment.

Mitigation

5.8. Given the limited below ground impact of a solar farm development, the known made ground within the site, and the nature of the potential archaeology, it is considered that direct impacts on archaeological remains will be very restricted.

5.9. Consequently, no archaeological mitigation is required in this case.

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Conclusion

5.10. The Application Site is within an area of reclaimed land adjacent to the River Dee in Connah’s Quay, a settlement that developed around a dock yard established primarily for transporting coal in the late 18th century.

5.11. The site of a late 19th century Chemical Works and subsequent early 20th century Wagon Works and Saw Mill are within the Application Site. The Chemical Works was partially demolished in the late 19th/ early 20th century with one building retained and used as a Wagon Works. That in turn was demolished in the late 1950’s/ early 1960’s when the Wagon Works was redeveloped. The Wagon Repair Workshop was extended in the 1980s but went out of use and was demolished by the early 2000s. No structures survive on site, although the hard standing of the 1980s building is evident.

5.12. The Application Site has a high potential for remains associated with this activity to be present, although the reclamation and modern redevelopment activities within the Application Site are likely to have impacted any archaeological remains that may be present. That, and the nature of the proposed development which has limited below ground impacts, results in the predicted effects being minor (adverse). No mitigation is proposed in relation to the historic environment.

5.13. The Application Site is not within the settings of any designated heritage assets, including nine grade II listed buildings within 1km of the Application Site. There is no inter-visibility between the Application Site and these assets. The Proposals would not be capable of affecting the contribution made by setting to the heritage values of these assets.

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6 References, glossary and abbreviations

Time periods used are as follows:

• Palaeolithic: 1,000,000 -10,000 BC • Mesolithic: 10,000 – 4,000 BC • Neolithic: 4,000 – 2,200 BC • Bronze Age: 2,600 - 700 BC • Iron Age: 800 BC – AD 43 • Roman: 43 – 410 • Medieval: 1066 – 1540 • Post Medieval: 1540 - 1901 • Modern: 1901 - present

Abbreviations used are as follows:

• LB – Listed Building • SM – Scheduled Monument • CA – Conservation Area • CPAT – Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust • HER – Historic Environment Record • NDHA – Non-designated historic asset

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References

Arcadis, 2018, Phase 1 Geo-environmental desk study report for Crumps Yard, Connah’s Quay, unpublished report

CIfA, 2017, Code of Conduct. Chartered Institute for Archaeologists

CIfA, 2017, Standard and Guidance for Historic Environment Desk-based Assessment Chartered Institute for Archaeologists

CPAT, 2006, Ports and Harbours in North-East Wales, Interim Project Report, CPAT report no. 769, unpublished report

CPAT, 2005, Flintshire LANDMAP Historic Landscape Aspect, technical report, CPAT report no. 753 unpublished report

CPAT, 1998, Dee Estuary Historic Landscape: An initial study, CPAT report 266, unpublished report

Welsh Assembly Government, 2011, Conservation Principles; Policy for the Sustainable Management of the Historic Environment in Wales

Welsh Government, 2017, Technical Advice Note 24: The Historic Environment

Welsh Government, 2017, Heritage Impact Assessment in Wales

Welsh Government, 2017, Setting of Historic Assets in Wales

Welsh Government, 2018, Planning Policy Wales, 10th Edition Websites

British Geological Survey https://www.bgs.ac.uk/

Old-maps.co.uk

coflein.gov.uk historicwales.gov.uk

https://landmap-maps.naturalresources.wales

https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/wal/FLN/ConnahsQuay http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/1006

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Connah’s Quay Solar Farm Heritage Impact Statement P00015.01.02

Appendix A – Gazetteer of know historic assets

Asset Source Site Name Description Period Status Easting Northing ID ID Church dated 1836 and built at a cost of £1,785, by John Lloyd, architect. Plan in the late Georgian tradition, but with simple lancet-style exterior detail. A new chancel was added in 1876-8 by John Douglas, along with an organ chamber and vestry. At Connah's Quay the same time, the pulpit, prayer desk and 40926/ Church (St pews were renewed. The altar is a war post 1 85254 Mark) memorial of 1920. medieval LB II 329079 369885 Connah's Quay Church (St 40931/ Mark), Built in 1917 as a memorial to the Rev. post 2 85260 lychgate Thomas Williams, vicar of Connah's Quay. medieval LB II 329071 369907 War memorial built in 1924 by Edward Jones of Connah's Quay. A public appeal raised £727, the overall cost £879. The memorial is unusual in a Welsh context for its reference only to England: 'What stands if freedom fall, Who Dies if England Live'. These are the words of a poem by Rudyard Kipling, but they reflect a wider loyalty to the British Empire. The memorial commemorates those who died in places as 40937/ Connah's Quay far afield as Korea, Cyprus and the post 3 85266 War Memorial Falklands. medieval LB II 330310 369060 Old Quay House, dated 1777, was originally a farm. It had been converted to an Inn by the late C19 and was closely associated with the docks. The Inn was rebuilt in the early C20, the old datestone reset into the 87972/ Old Quay front wall. Old photos show the building in post 4 85262 House Inn its original form. medieval LB II 329341 369894 Old Quay House, dated 1777, was originally a farm. It had been converted to an Inn by the late C19 and was closely associated with the docks. The Inn was rebuilt in the early C20, the old datestone reset into the front wall. This barn is probably contemporary with the original farmhouse Former Barn, (1777) and is shown on the Tithe map of 40928/ Old Quay 1839. It is now partly converted to post 5 85257 House Inn accommodation. medieval LB II 329337 369879 Former stable block and 40929/ attached Probably contemporary with the vicarage, post 6 85258 boundary walls which was constructed in 1839-41. medieval LB II 329035 369858 In Old English, probably Cheshire-based, style. A public house is shown on the 1st edition OS of 1870, but it may have been 40935/ The Ship rebuilt since that time. It is shown in its post 7 85264 Public House current form in a photo of 1925. medieval LB II 329562 369609 Vicarage of 1839-41, not shown on the 40936/ Tithe map of 1839, late for this polite post 8 85265 The Vicarage Georgian style. There was originally a rear medieval LB II 329051 369850

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Connah’s Quay Solar Farm Heritage Impact Statement P00015.01.02

Asset Source Site Name Description Period Status Easting Northing ID ID service wing, now demolished. The dock basin was built in the early C19 and is shown on the Tithe map of 1839. It was originally used for exporting coal, the quay subsequently attracting ship-builders such as Ferguson, McCallum & Baird. On the Ordnance Survey of 1870, cranes and railways are marked along its sides. The style of the masonry suggests it was re- post 9 85255 Dock Basin faced in the late C19. medieval LB II 329401 369896 EBA barbed and tanged arrowhead found Connah's Quay at 32 Primrose St Connahs Quay of honey Bronze 10 103007 Arrowhead flint. Age 329400 369500 Brickworks recorded during Dee Estuary Connah's Quay Historic Landscape Survey. OS 1st ed. 25" post 11 37769 Brickyard 1871. medieval 329370 369701 Connah's Quay Site recorded in former Flintshire SMR. As post 12 87979 Causeway yet undescribed. medieval 329626 370237 Connah's Quay Factory recorded during Dee Estuary Chemical Historic Landscape Survey. OS 1st ed. 25" post 13 37781 Works I 1871 medieval 329800 369701 Connah's Quay Factory recorded during Dee Estuary Chemical Historic Landscape Survey. OS 1st ed. 25" post 14 37782 Works II 1871 medieval 330226 369392 Dates from c.1772. The dock itself survives with stone walls surrounding. The quayside area has been largely redeveloped with an industrial unit built along the east side. Some timbers are visible along the bank of the river just to the east of the dock. The Connah's Quay stone-lined dock survives, although partly post 15 34230 Dock I silted. medieval 329370 369880 Area of former dock has been infilled and partly built over. The river side area to the Connah's Quay east has been rebuilt as a new quay with post 16 34231 Dock II concrete revetting. medieval 329500 369900 Small reservoir depicted on OS 1st ed 25" 1870 to S of Dock 2 and may have been Connah's Quay used as a flushing pond to remove silt from post 17 83021 docks reservoir the dock. No visible trace remains medieval 329460 369790 Drill Hall used by H Company 5th Battalion Connah's Quay Royal Welch Fusiliers Visible on OS 18 144416 Drill Hall mapping from 1912 Rebuilt in 1936. modern 329355 369787 Connah's Quay Isolation Site of former isolation hospital depicted 19 87947 Hospital on 2nd edition 6 inch OS mapping of 1905 modern 328927 369137 Connah's Quay Landing stage recorded during Dee Estuary post 20 37825 Landing Stage Historic Landscape Survey. OS 6" 1st ed. medieval 329861 369780 Connah's Quay Landing stage depicted on OS 2nd ed 25" landing stage 1899 at NW corner of dock 2 (PRN 34231). post 21 83020 II No visible trace remains medieval 329510 369890 Connah's Quay landing stage Coal stage depicted on a plan of the docks post 22 83022 III by the Great Central Railways c. 1900. medieval 329645 369875 Connah's Quay Milestone recorded during Dee Estuary post 23 37768 milestone Historic Landscape Survey. OS 1st ed. 6" medieval 329497 369688

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Connah’s Quay Solar Farm Heritage Impact Statement P00015.01.02

Asset Source Site Name Description Period Status Easting Northing ID ID 1871. Flint 4, Qeensferry 2miles St. David's Mission Church is the daughter church in the Parish of Connah's Quay and was built in 1914. Originally the church was intended to be the church hall with a new church, dedicated to St. David, being built on the adjacent field. With the advent of Connah's Quay the First World War, the new church Mission never came to fruition and the church hall Church (St or Mission Room as it was otherwise known 24 1001750 David) came to be used as a church. modern 329781 369109 The port of Connah's Quay developed around a pier sometime after 1737, possibly the structure depicted on the Tithe Survey in 1839 and later identified as a wharf by the Ordnance Survey (PRN 37826). During the 19th century the quay expanded in stages on land reclaimed from the salt marsh, mostly in connection with developments to the railway network, reaching its peak around the time of the Ordnance Survey 2nd edition survey, published in 1899. By this time a stone- built dock (PRN 34230) had been built along the eastern side of the original wharf, with a second, timber-built dock (PRN 34231) added further to the east, each with four cranes. A small reservoir (PRN 83021) lay between the second dock and the Chester to Holyhead Railway, presumably used for flushing the dock. A wharf (PRN 83019) occupied the river frontage between the docks with a landing stage (PRN 83020) at its east end, both built of timber and projecting into the River Dee. The dock-side area was largely occupied by a network of railway sidings which used numerous small turntables to manoeuvre the wagons. At one time the area between the docks was used as the iron ore stage, while the area between the reservoir and Dock Road was the coal yard, which at one time had a rail link to a coal stage with a loading chute (PRN 83022). During the mid 19th century there was a small landing stage (PRN 37825) to the east of the docks which may have been associated with the nearby chemical works (PRN 37381). Following further land reclamation this was later replaced by a new wharfage (PRN 83023) which extended for 300m along the riverside. Both of the main wharfages had steam cranes on rails for loading and unloading cargoes. Part of the chemical works was later taken over by the timber Connah's Quay yard of Williams and Son, later depicted by post 25 103747 Port the Ordnance Survey in 1912 as a wagon medieval 329432 369856

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Connah’s Quay Solar Farm Heritage Impact Statement P00015.01.02

Asset Source Site Name Description Period Status Easting Northing ID ID works and saw mill (PRN 83024). Large stone quarry along the southern shore of the River Dee. The stone was used for local buildings and the railway, amongst others. The abandoned quarry is now Connah's Quay saltmarsh with the quarry face appearing as post 26 130907 Quarry a prominent cliff alongside the railway. medieval 329030 370130 Connah's Quay River Dee Embankment constructed sometime after post 27 83025 embankment 1737. medieval 329930 369670 Connah's Quay A single coin found at Connah's Quay in 28 102988 Roman coin about 1920 Roman 329151 369901 Sawmill and timberyard occupying the site of the former shipyard and incoprorating Connah's Quay those buildings with other additions. 29 130906 Sawmill Apparently operated by Musgrove. modern 329250 369943 The firm of Ferguson, MacCallum and Baird started building ships at Flint in 1840, but the yard was taken over by the expansion of the chemical works and the business transferred to Connah's Quay in 1858, where it remained as Ferguson and Baird until closure in 1916. The company built only wooden ships, which eventually led to its demise. The yard was reopened in 1920 by J Crichton and Co. Ltd, who rebuilt the slipway in 1923 and installed a heavy winch. There was also a smaller shipyard (PRN 83014) at Connah's Quay next to the Old Quay House on Dock Road, operated by William Butler, specialising in lifeboats, including those for the Mauritania. The shipyard is known for its construction of the Kathleen in May, originally named Lizzie May, which was built in 1900 for Coppack Bros. The ship has been restored Connah's Quay and is currently at the Albert Dock, post 30 39812 Shipyard I Liverpool. medieval 329270 369960 A small shipyard next to the Old Quay House on Dock Road, operated by William Connah's Quay Butler, specialising in lifeboats, including post 31 83014 shipyard II those for the Mauritania medieval 329300 369920 Connah's Quay Wall depicted on OS 1st ed 25" 1870 along shipyard riverside adjacent to shipyard PRN 83014. post 32 83016 seawall No visible trace remains medieval 329320 369950 Western slipway with capstan associated Connah's Quay with Ferguson & Baird shipyard (PRN post 33 83015 slipway I 39812). Depicted by OS 2nd ed 25" 1899. medieval 329240 369980 Connah's Quay Eastern slipway with capstan depicted by post 34 83017 slipway II OS 2nd ed 1899. medieval 329370 369940 Connah's Quay Boundary marker recorded during Dee post 35 39741 stone Estuary Historic Landscape Survey medieval 329978 369677 Around 1740 a wooden tramway was constructed from Latchcaft Colliery to the Connah's Quay Dee at Wepre. The tramway lay to the post 36 37739 tramroad south-east of the Wepre Gutter and medieval 330230 369234

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Connah’s Quay Solar Farm Heritage Impact Statement P00015.01.02

Asset Source Site Name Description Period Status Easting Northing ID ID presumably ended at a wharf on the New Cut, replacing the gutter which was deemed to be too unreliable for shipping (Boyd 1991, 15). The course across the salt marsh to the Dee is depicted on a map of around 1750. Occupying part of former chemical works (PRN 37381), Williams and son timberyard Connah's Quay is depicted on a plan by Great Central wagon works Railway c. 1900 and by OS 3rd ed 25" 1912 post 37 83024 and saw mill as wagon works and saw mill. CPAT 06 medieval 329660 369700 The port of Connah's Quay developed around a pier sometime after 1737. The stone-revetted pier survives, although no associated features are apparent and the Connah's Quay area is partly occupied by the Sea Cadets post 38 83018 wharf I Hut. CPAT 06 medieval 329400 369920 Timber wharf occupying riverside between docks 1 and 2, with landing stage (PRN 83020) at E end as depicted by OS 2nd ed 1899. Some of the timbers are still evident, Connah's Quay although most of the wharfage has been post 39 83019 wharf II lost. medieval 329470 369900 Connah's Quay Timber wharfage extending to east of dock post 40 83023 wharf III 2 as depicted by OS 2nd ed 1899. medieval 329700 369870 Connah's Quay Quay recorded during Dee Estuary Historic post 41 37826 wharf IV Landscape Survey. OS 6" 1st ed. medieval 329301 369980 It is highly probable that sections of Connah's airframe which are part of a Handley Page Quay, 2 Dock O/400 Bomber have been used in the roof Road, construction. The shorter sections in the Coppack's roof of the adjoining room probably came Building, from the inner upper wing section. (Colin 42 123963 aircraft Barber, pers. comm. 2013) modern 329442 369766 Connah's Quay, Chapel Bethel Methodist Chapel was built in 1876 Street, Chapel in the Vernacular style of the gable-entry (Primative type. The chapel closed in 1962 and has post 43 1001753 Methodist) since been converted for domestic use. medieval 329440 369670 Connah's Quay, Church Street, Chapel (St John's St John's Methodist chapel was built in post 44 1001754 Methodist) 1813. medieval 329560 369650 The former Board School at Connah's Quay was one of the 'Northop Board Schools' which were built in the area. It is dated 1881 on its inscription and is now part of Connah's the Custom House Lane County Primary Quay, Custom School. The building first appears on the House Lane, second edition 25" OS map, FL X. 10, of post 45 1001748 school 1899. medieval 329796 369218 Dee Road Infants School appears on the Connah's third edition Ordnance Survey 25" map, FL Quay, Dee X. 10, of 1912. It is the site of the present 46 1001747 Road, school day Infants School. modern 329862 369162

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Connah’s Quay Solar Farm Heritage Impact Statement P00015.01.02

Asset Source Site Name Description Period Status Easting Northing ID ID Connah's Quay, High Built c1910 on land owned by the Mostyn Street, Catholic family. At this time a member of the Church Mostyn family, Francis, was also Bishop of (Church of the Menevia and it was his sister Mary Louisa Blessed who took a particular interest in catholics at post 47 1001752 Sacrement) Connah's Quay. medieval 329960 369350 The former St Johns was built in 1883 as a New Connexion Methodist Church, Connah's replacing an earlier building. Converted to Quay, High residential. In the Gothic style with a gable- Street, St entry plan and integral spire. The spire was post 48 124897 John's Church removed in 1962. medieval 329566 369665 Connah's Quay, St Opposite Church, Built 1837, currently post 49 17149 Mark's School village hall medieval 329099 369916 Round headed stone slab propped against the fence of a mobile cafe in Connah's Quay docks. Suggested that this might be a boundary marker belonging to the River Connah's Dee Company, but the apparent length of post 50 141532 Quay, stone the inscription probably counts against this. medieval 329437 369805 Connahs Quay, Bethel Church And St Johns Church WW2, Second World War (1939-1945), Church 51 144653 war memorial Fabric / Fittings modern 329601 369701 Connahs Quay, Bethel Methodist Church, war 52 144654 memorial First World War (1914-1918) modern 329601 369701 Falklands Conflict (1982), Addition to gravestone commemorating Malcolm Connahs Quay, Wigley who died aged 31 on Sir Galahad in M Wigley, war 1982 and whose body was not found. Bears 53 144958 memorial a regimental crest of the Welsh Guards. modern 328801 369701 Connahs Quay, Falklands Conflict (1982), Church kneeler Sgt M Wigley, commemorating Sgt Wigley Hassock, 54 145117 war memorial Welsh Guards, who was lost on Sir Galahad. modern 329101 369901 Connahs Quay, St Andrews Methodist Church WW2, Second World War (1939-1945), metal 55 145127 war memorial plaque mounted onto a wooden backboard modern 330201 369301 Connahs Quay, St Johns Church Plaque First World War (1914-1918), plain metal WW1, war plaque with inscription in white lettering 56 145145 memorial modern 329601 369701 Connahs Quay, Wepre Presbyterian First World War (1914-1918), triangular- Church, war headed marble tablet with incised 57 145214 memorial inscription. modern 330001 369001 58 59194 Dee landing Remains of substantial timber landing modern 330500 369800

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Connah’s Quay Solar Farm Heritage Impact Statement P00015.01.02

Asset Source Site Name Description Period Status Easting Northing ID ID stage stage on NE bank of Dee. Deva-Varae Roman road Approximate line of Roman Road thought 59 104573 RR67a to be under present A548. Roman 330360 369070 Deva-Varae Very approximate line of road to Varae Roman road possibly lies beneath or near present A548 60 104574 RR67a road. Roman 330000 369300 Farfield Area has been landscaped, no evidence of post 61 103742 Brickworks brickworks. medieval 329100 369500 This garden is depicted on the Second Edition Ordnance Survey 25-inch map of Flintshire X, sheet 10 (1899). Its main elements on that map include greenhouse, avenue, sundial, isolated geometric copses, post 62 1000085 Farfield garden carriage drive, lodge and kitchen garden. medieval 328981 369722 Golftyn Chapel Golftyn Presbyterian Chapel was built in (Calvanistic 1810 in the Sub-Classical style of the gable post 63 1001746 Methodist) entry type. medieval 328829 370135 Remains of a pillbox consisting of concrete Hawarden wall section now displaced. Original Bridge Pillbox location uncertain. Part of the Dee stop 64 34259 III line. modern 330629 369505 Brickworks recorded during Dee Estuary High Street Historic Landscape Survey. OS 1st ed. 25" post 65 37780 Brick Field 1871 medieval 329951 369299 London and North Eastern Railway, Buckley Section of now Branch - section. Served various disused brickworks. Depicted on 1st and 2nd post 66 141492 railway edition OS 25 inch maps medieval 329322 369286 London and North Eastern Railway, Buckley Buckley Branch, "Weighing Machine" depicted on Branch, OS 25", 1870, probably connected with the weighing now disused railway. No archaeological post 67 87955 machine remains visible at the site. medieval 329188 369047 Site of former brickworks shown on OS 2nd edition 25-inch mapping. "Works" depicted on 1970 6" OS map. Only a concrete base was visible during a site visit with no other archaeological remains Mold Road visible. There was also no indication of post 68 87945 brickworks pools or a fish pond. medieval 329378 369248 Site of former reservoir depicted on OS 2nd edition 25 inch mapping of 1899. Mold Road Presumably associated with adjacent post 69 87946 reservoir brickworks. medieval 329391 369296 Depicted on 1838 Northop tithe map. Associated with nearby disused railway. Site visit revealed no surviving field boundaries post 70 87962 Railway field nor any archaeological remains. medieval 329243 369447 post 71 100054 Red Hall Farm Insignificant house in built up area. medieval 329904 369334 Canalisation plan proposed by Nathaniel Kinderley, a drainage engineer, and associates in 1731. Construction began River Dee, The April 1733 and was completed exactly 4 post 72 37742 New Cut years later (Gruffydd, Ken Lloyd, 2010). medieval 330501 369701

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Connah’s Quay Solar Farm Heritage Impact Statement P00015.01.02

Asset Source Site Name Description Period Status Easting Northing ID ID Damaged skull of aurochs dredged up from Dee Estuary near Shotton Steel Works. Situated in sand at a depth of 7.5m, Shotton presumably belonging to Flandrian Palaeo- 73 103018 Aurochs Skull interglacial. lithic 330000 369000 Shotton post 74 34232 Embankment I Flood defence embankment medieval 330500 369500 Shotton post 75 34233 Embankment II Flood defence embankment medieval 330500 369500 Shotton Shooting butt recorded during Dee Estuary post 76 37824 shooting butts Historic Landscape Survey. OS 6" 1st ed. medieval 330670 369450 Substantial timber landing stage with wreck Shotton on shore side. Study of the Ordnance Steelworks Survey 1st and 2nd edition 25" to the mile Landing Stage maps suggest the landing stage was built 77 34264 II between 1870 and 1899. modern 330696 369694 Shotton Steelworks Landing Stage Remains of substantial timber landing 78 34265 III stage on NE bank of Dee. modern 330500 369800 River embankment extending NW from SJ Shotton 293703. Stone-faced and revetted quay Steelworks area with timber landing stage. Cut by later 79 34288 Quay concrete and timber wharf. modern 329200 370400 Shotton Wreck of 20th century timber coastal vessel Steelworks registered at Peterhead, located on shore 80 34266 Wreck side of landing stage. modern 330500 369800 Shotwick Flood defence embankment post 81 34229 Embankment II Reclamation embankment medieval 330500 370200 Wepre Rectangular sandstone boundary stone Boundary 1.05m high 0.49m, wide 0.44m thick. post 82 103737 Stone I Inscribed with Hawarden Parish. medieval 330340 369080 Wepre Boundary stone located within a fenced Boundary enclosure with no access. Situated on post 83 34260 Stone I modern Community boundary. medieval 330400 369520 Boundary stone inscribed Sir JH Bar Wepre Englefield Lordship. Located within Boundary Connah's Quay sewage works. Same as post 84 103738 Stone II PRN 34262 medieval 330418 369363 Wepre Boundary stone inscribed Sir JH Bar Boundary Englefield Lordship. Located within post 85 34262 Stone II Connah's Quay sewage works medieval 330300 369400 Wepre No stone located.site very overgrown. Boundary Boundary stone located within a fenced post 86 103739 Stone III enclosure with no access. medieval 330480 369504 Wepre brick Site of former brick works recorded on post 87 123185 works 1910 OS 6-inch map. Now destroyed. medieval 329275 369466 Wepre Brook Barbed and tanged arrowhead found in Bronze 88 102996 Arrowhead Wepre Brook Shotton. Age 330200 368900 Wepre Gutter Timber supports for a bridge across Wepre 89 34261 Bridge Gutter to S of former railway bridge. modern 330269 369256 Wepre Kiln No trace of kilns, site now used as a cricket post 90 103754 Field pitch. medieval 329200 369500 Wepre Mill Former corn mill now converted to post 91 103750 and Cottages dwelling. medieval 330108 368804 92 123183 Wepre old Sire of old bridge crossing Wepre Brook. post 330360 369062

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Connah’s Quay Solar Farm Heritage Impact Statement P00015.01.02

Asset Source Site Name Description Period Status Easting Northing ID ID bridge Built in 1778 and replaced in 1929 by medieval present dressed sandstone structure. No trace of ford, path survives as a sunken path that is currently used as an access road to nearby houses. Local knowledge suggested that the ford was removed during council works to straighten the stream. No evidence to suggest stream had been straightened. Wepre path (Clwyd County Council 1980 - Flintshire post 93 87977 and ford SMR) medieval 330132 368897 The Wepre Gutter evidently formed a haven for small vessels and 'Wepra Poole' is listed in the Welsh Port Books in 1566 as being able to receive barges and boats. Around 1740 a wooden tramway (PRN 37739) was constructed from Latchcaft post 94 83072 Wepre Port Colliery to the Dee at Wepre. medieval 330260 369450 Course of tram/road depicted on the 1838 Northop tithe map. However, it is not shown on the first edition 1840 OS map, whilst only the northen part is shown on the 1870 6" OS map. The only visible remains are that of a sandstone gatepost, Wepre and a cropmark within the public post 95 87970 Tramroad recreational ground. medieval 329215 369469 Site not possible to locate any more. The bibliography contains a single reference to an Archaeologia Cambrensis article on beacon-towers in 1964, but there is no Wepre mention of Wepre in that article. The post 96 103736 Windmill integrity of the site must remain in doubt. medieval 330000 368900 Wepre, Chester Road, Wepre Presbyterian Chapel was built in Chapel 1901 in the Gothic style with a gable-entry (English plan and an integral spire. (RCAHMW, post 97 1001749 Presbyterian) January 2010) medieval 330070 369270 Wepre, Chester Road, St Andrew's Methodist Chapel was built in Church 1903 in the Simple Round-Headed style of (English the gable-entry type. (RCAHMW, January post 98 1001751 Wesleyan) 2010) medieval 330170 369220 Werpre Brook A boundary stone is depicted on an 1870 boundary OS 6" map, however no stone was located post 99 87951 stone at NGR SJ 3020 6902. medieval 330193 368994 Former National post 100 418694 School, National school Church Hill, Connah's Quay medieval 329100 369915 Pillbox (type post 101 270403 fw3-23), Pillbox (type fw3/23) west saltney medieval 330600 369500 102 419272 Infant School Dee Road Infant school Connah's Quay modern 329862 369162 post 103 7978 Chapel Seion Welsh Wesleyan Methodist Church medieval 329780 369470 post 104 524886 Wreck Marshall wellington medieval 329367 370122

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Connah’s Quay Solar Farm Heritage Impact Statement P00015.01.02

Asset Source Site Name Description Period Status Easting Northing ID ID post 105 87051 Railway station Connah's Quay Railway Station medieval 329260 369910

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