INDEX.

A. Account, the shilling a money of, prior to the reign of Henry VII., 304. A, characteristics of the letter, on the Acsian = "to ask" in early MS., 87. Ohsnaforda pennies, 72-74. Adalhard, abbot of Corbie, 89. ,, the unbarred variety of the letter, Advocates, Faculty of, and the Jacobite 72 et seq. Medal, 247. „ varieties of the letter, 72-74. yE, the ligatured letter on the Ohsna- Abbreviations on Roman coins, sugges- forda coins, 74, 75. tions for the interpretation of certain, /Elfred, forgery of Oxford type of, 28 r. 3r> 32- ,, halfpenny of Oxford type of, 281. Aberdeen, find of billon pieces of Francis ^Enobarbus pays his soldiers with leather and Mary near, 330, 406, money, 313. 407. ^Eschines and the use of leather money, ,, find of coins temp. Alex- 312. ander III., Robert Bruce ^Ethelred I., coins of, 66. and John Baliol at, 333, 407. ,, find of coins of, in the ,, find of coins temp., Edward I., Thames, at Waterloo II. and III. at, 332 et seq., Bridge, 385. 406, 407. „ II., coins of, 120, 122, 123, ,, find of foreign sterlings at, 124, 125, 126, 128, 134, T35> x36> r37, 138, 140, 333. 334- 141, 142, 145, 146, 147.. ,, find of lions or hardheads 148, 149, 150, 151, i:,3, temp. Mary and Francis in, !54, 156. 15 7> 159, 161, 330, 406, 407. 162, 163, 388. „ find, painting of the bronze ,, ,, helmet on the coins of, pot containing the, 403. 297. „ finds of coins temp. Edward I. „ ,, penny of, the earliest coin and Alexander III. at, 330, of Cornish mintage, 107. 331, 4°7- ^Ethelstan, every borough possessed a „ Mint, the, 331. mint in the reign of, „ the Bronze Pot of, description 170. of, 335- ,, designs on the coinage of, ,, the Great Edwardian Find at, 296, 297. handed over to the town of ,, M~0 on coins of, 90. Aberdeen, 334, 335. ,, portraiture on the coins of, ,, Token, note on the, 275. 296. Aberystwith mint of Charles I., 380. ,, provision of moneyers by ,, silver obtained from the the law of, 164. Welsh mines of, 175. ^Ethelswith, wife of Burgred, 59. Academy, circular issued to the Members vEthelwulf, coins of, 28r. of the Royal, inviting designs for the „ forgeries of, 281. money, 309. 428 Index. yEthilheard, Archbishop of Canterbury, Alfred the Great, characteristics and pe- forgery of penny of, 281. culiarities of hand- ./Ethred, inscription in mixed runes and writing in the time decorated uncials on a ring of, 82. of, 84, 85. Agricola, near Aberdeen, 330. ,, „ ,, coin overstruck on Ahsian, reference to the Anglo-Saxon London monogram verb, 87. penny of, 101. Ailesbury, description of Prince James by ,, ,, ,, coins of, 66. Lord, 239. ,, „ ,, concerning the so- „ on the personal appearance of called Ohsnaforda Prince James, 267. coins of, 67 et seq. Aissebrige (D.B.) = Axbridge, 167. „ „ ,, find of a jewel of, Aix la Chapelle, " Moneta Aquensis," near Athelney, 91. sterlings of Louis IV., Count of „ „ ,, find of coins of, at Flanders, struck at, 333. Cuerdale, 104, 105. Akerman, J. Y., on a find of leather ,, ,, „ find of coins of, in the jettons temp. Henry VIII., on the site Thames, at Waterloo of Terouenne, 322, 323. Bridge, 63, 64, 385. Alcuin and the alphabet, 75. „ „ „ interesting woodcuts, Alderwasley. A find of coin clipping made in 1704, of temp. Charles I. in pennies of, 102. Bacon Meadow, 337. „ „ „ King of Wessex, 59. „ Church plate of, made „ ,, „ London monogram from coin clippings, type of, 102 et seq. 337- „ „ „ makes a treaty with the Alexander III, coins of, 333, 407. Danes, 61. „ find of coins of, at „ „ „ reasons for supposing Aberdeen, 333, 407. a remarkable coin „ find of coins temp. of, to be genuine, Edward I. and, at 104, 105. Aberdeen in 1807, ,, ,, ,, reference to, 73 et seq. 33°; 331> 4°7- „ ,, ,, restored London, 92. „ find of coins of, at „ „ „ the translation of, Lochmaben, 349. Boethius's work by, ,, the Great, 292. 37°- Alexandria, moulds for imitation denarii Allchester, History of extract from, on the found at, 340. issue of leather pieces by Edward I., Alfred proclaimed King of Wessex, 61. 321. „ the Great, a remarkable penny Allectus, coins of, 33. of, 101-106, 363. „ „ ,, in the Little Orme's ,, ,, ,, and the mint at Ox- Head Find, 22, 23. ford, J. R. Green ,, type of coins of, in the Little on, 93. Orme's Head Find, 23, 24. „ „ „ Anglo - Saxon version Alnmouth, inscription in mixed runes and of Pope Gregory's decorated uncials, 82. Pastoral Care by, Alost, sterlings of Robert III., de Bethune, reference to, 97. struck at, 333. , „ „ ,, arguments for and Alpha and Omega on penny of ^Ethelred against the authen- II., 108. ticity of a remark- Alphabets, Old and New, reference to, 95. able penny of, 103 ALWIN, moneyer of London = Ahvin et set/. Finch in the Pipe Roll, 376. „ ,, attempt at portraiture America, the circulation of the St. Patrick's on the coins of, 296. Pence in, 221. Index.

American Numismatic Society, donation ANT, a suggested abbreviation for TANT of book by, 359. (Taunton), 345. Ancient British coin in brass, 8. Antiquities, Edinburgh, coins of the „ ,, coins in silver, 6 et seq. National Collection of, 334. „ ,, „ which are attributed Antonine Vallum, the, 339. to Cornwall, on Antoninus Pius, find of a coin of, at the, 107. Mortlach, 329. Anderson, reference to payment of ransom Antony, find of denarii of, at Gartshore, for King John by, in his Origin of 34°- Commerce, 315. Apostrophe, the use of the, as a form of ANDREW, W. J., F.S.A., Hon. Sec. :— punctuation, 186, 195, 196, 201, 206. 2 Reviews by, 339~35 - Aquitaine deniers of Edward III., 333- Andrew, W. J., engraving belonging to, Archceological Museum, Edinburgh, Illus- 240. trated Catalogue of the, reference to a „ ,, exhibits by, 401, 402. remark of Hawkins in the, 235, 239. ,, ,, note on coins of Stephen, Architecture depicted on the coins of of Launceston mint, Edward the Elder, 296. by, 113. Arelate = Aries, 30. „ ,. reference to his paper ARFON, see ARVON, 18. on Buried Treasure, Argentan mint of William I., 352. 86. Argentarius, the term, 91. Anecdotes of Painting, by Walpole, refer- Argyle, Duke of, 259, 260. ence to, 229, 230. Aries mint, 29. Angels and angelets, issue of, in the reign „ „ coins of, in the Little Orme's of Edward IV., 301. Head Find, 21. Anglesey, London or Liverpool, payable „ „ Roman coins of, 49, 50, 52, in, edge reading of Birchall's private 55, 56, 57- token, 274. „ ,, subsignations of the, 30. Anglo-Gallic Coins, by Lionel M. Hewlett, Armour, James I. represented in, on the Review of, 351, 352. smaller coins, 177. Anglo-Saxon coins, illustrations of forgeries „ on English coins, 305. of, 281, 282. Army Gold Medal Tournament, 1882, Anglo-Saxon .Minuscules, H.M.N.R., 100. 366. „ stycas, find of, at South Arnold, Count of Loos, sterlings of, 333. Ferriby, 1. Arras, Gospel Book of St. Vaast's of, Anlaf, forgeries of, 281. 74. 82, 84, 95. ,, penny of, 281. Art and the Coins of England, 291-310, Anne, and the expression " le Pretendant," 367- 240. Art, cause of its decline in the middle „ death of, and the succession, 257 ages, 291. et seq. ,, of modern coins subservient to „ Medal of Prince James with portrait utility, 309. of, on the reverse, 235. „ on coins reappears with the revival „ of Brittany issues leather money, of letters and the arts in the 316. fifteenth century, 291. ,, of Denmark, portrait of, by Simon Arthurian legends and the name Gawine, Passe, 178. no. „ Public attention directed to the Arundel, composite borough of, 165, 167. coinage in reign of Queen, 309. Gregory, 214. ANSCOMBE, A., F.R.Hist.S., Hon. Sec.:— „ Thomas, Earl of, 215. The inscription on the Oxford Pennies ARVON, the district, 18. of the OHSNAFORDA type, 67-100. Ascalon mint of Richard I., 288. Anscombe, A., Junr., drawings by, 100. Ash well, simple borough of, 168. ,, E., drawings by, 100. Asser, Bishop, 88, 89. Index.

AT = Treves, 30. Bath, composite borough and mint of, Athelney, find of an enamelled jewel with 165. curious formula near, gi. ,, mint of Cnut, 119. ATR = Treves, 30. „ ,, Harold I., 119. Attorney-General v. the Trustees of the ,, „ Harthacnut, 119. British Museum, reference to the ,, „ Edward the Confessor, x 19, treasure trove case of, 1903, 341-342. ISO. Auhsati = ox (Gothic), 86. „ „ William I., 119, 130, 150, AVN-T on early British coins, 7 et seq., 172. 14. Bayeaux tapestry, a type of helmet figured Autem, the Anglo-Saxon abbreviation = on the, 297. 100. Bayeux, Odo, Bishop of, 35 r. Avesnes, William of, Bishop of Cambray, Bearman, Thomas, coin of, 310. sterling of, 334. „ „ exhibits by, 402, 403. Avignon, coins of Prince James to be Beaufoy, H. B. H., collection of trades- current at, 259. men's tokens made by, 324. Awbridge, near Romsey, Find of coins of Beaumaris and Conway Castles, issue of Stephen and Henry II. at, 344-349. leather money by Edward I. at, 321. Axbridge, composite borough of, 165, Beauvais, change in the commencement 167. of the year, adopted at, 252. Axminster, possible attribution of Beaver skin money, 320. Axbridge mint to, 167. Beaworth, find of coins temp. William I. Aymary of Tours, Philip, the artist sent for at, 112. by Henry II., 298. Beccles, simple borough of, 168. Beckwith, Sir Sidney, 378. Bede, reference to his works, 99. B. Bedford, composite borough and mint of, 165. B, the letter, on Ohstiaforda coins, 75. „ Countess of, 209. BA, mint of William I., 138. ,, Henry, Prince of Scotland, Babelon, M., and his interpretation of a claimant to the honour of, certain abbreviations on Roman coins, 348. 31- „ mint of, ^Fthelrfed II., 140, Badge of the Needlemakers' Company, 146. 369- „ „ „ Cnut, 140, 146. Balance Sheet of the Society, 408. „ „ „ Harold I., 146. Baldwin, A. H., donation of coin scales „ „ „ Edward the Con- and weights by, 373. fessor, 140, 152. „ ,, exhibits by, 381-388. „ „ Harold II., 152. ,, the Chamberlain, 114. „ „ „ William I., 152, 154, „ I., Court of Flanders, 74. 171. j) H*> )j >> ?) „ „ „ William II., 140, 146, „ the Sheriff, borough owned by, 152, 171. 168. Bedwin mint of Edward the Confessor, Baliol, John, coins of, 333. 132. „ „ find of coins of, at Aberdeen, „ „ „ William I., 132, 172. 333- „ „ „ transferred to Marl- borough by William Ballard, Adolphus, reference to his The Domesday Boroughs, 164. I., 168, 169, 170. „ simple borough and mint of, Baltimore sixpence, copper proof of, 367. 168. Bar, Prince James at, 257. Belhaven, Lord, delegate from the Scots Barnstaple, composite borough and mint to Prince James, 243. of, 165. Beorhtwulf, King of Mercia, defeated, 59- „ mint of William I., 153, 171. Index. 4 3i

Beornwulf, forgery of, 281. Boethius's work, King Alfred's translation „ penny of, 281. of, 370. Beowulf, the po,em, ref. to, 79, 87. Bohemia and Poland, sterlings of John, Berkeley mint of William I., 146, 171. Count of Luxemburg as „ simple borough and mint of, king of, 333. 168, 169. „ hides and furs used as money Berkhamsted, simple borough of, 168. in, 314. Berkshire forty shilling gold token for, Bolingbroke, 258, 259, 260. J. B. Monck, 388. Bond, William, 214. Bernard the Chaplain, 114. Boog, R., tokens issued by, 277, 278. Bernvald, moneyer on certain Ohsnaforda „ Rev. Robert, D.D., 278. coins, 75, 90, 91. Book of Kells, forms of letters used in the, Bernvaled, see Bernwald, 75. 94. Bertulf, King of Mercia, 59. „ „ „ reference to, 73, 75, 76, 77, Berwick, Duke of, 242, 245, 257, 258, 78, 79, 80, 83, 94. 266. Boolundshuhur, Victoria Cross for, 373. „ Earl Henry, executes a charter Borough, liberties pertaining to a free, at, 348. no. „ „ Henry grants lands at, 349. Boroughs, classification, in Domesday „ mint of Edward I., II. and III., Book, 164 et seq. 332, 35°- „ of iEthelstan possessed a mint, all the, 170. Bible of the Emperor Charles the Bald, „ simple, list of, in Domesday MS. known as the second, 74. Bielki = Ermine, 320. Book, 168, 169. Biernwald = Bernvald, 90. „ The Domesday, 164 et seq. Birchall, Samuel, token issued by, 273. ,, theories deduced on the ,, ,, work on copper coins relation of mints to, 170. and tokens by, 274. Boterell, William de, sheriff, 114. Birchall's private token, varieties of edge Boyne's Silver Tokens of Great Britain, readings on, 274, reference to, 325. Bradford, simple borough of, 168. Birkhead, Peter, goldsmith and antiquary, Bradford Workhouse, punches and anvil 324- used in countermarking tokens, 392, Birmingham and Staffordshire Gas Light 393- Company leather medal, 326. Bradley Willey, variety of edge reading Birmingham Caledonian Society, 1789, on Birchall's private token, 274. medals of the, 393. Brass plug on the St. Patrick's Pence, a ,, leather and cardboard notes film of brass dropped in a molten state, issued by the Overseers 222. of, 325 et seq. BRI for BRIT, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, ,, the home of die-sinkers, 204, 205, 216, 217. 279. Bridekirk, inscription on the font at, „ Workhouse, Five Shilling carved in Runes, 82. leather token of, 326. Blandford, description of Prince James by Bridgnorth (?) mint of ^Ethelred II., Lord, 266. 388. Bodfari, possibly the site of VARIS, 18. Bridlington, simple borough of, 168. Bodleian MS. Hatton Nro. 20, Extract Bridport composite borough and mint of, from, 97. 165, 167. „ „ Junius II., extract form, „ mint of William I., 122, 129, 98. 171. Boethius's De Consolatione Plulosophiae, Brigantes, the, 2. reference to the verb ,, coins of 3, 382. ahsian in King Alfred's " Bright" dynasty, leather notes issued by translation of, 87. the Ming or, 313. 432 Index.

Brighton Camp, variety of edge reading British coins, Ring-money found at Wood on Birchall's private token, 274. Burcote, Northampton- Briot, Nicholas, 305. shire, 388. ,, „ appointed chief engraver „ ,, Roman influence on, 292, to the Mint, by Charles 293- I-. 3°5- „ mints, number of coins of, in the „ „ coin weights, by 367, 373. Little Orme's Head Find, ,, ,, detail on work by, 305. 21, 22. Bristol, composite borough and mint of, „ ,, Roman coins of, 32-47. 165, an account of the new „ „ „ „ „ found on money coined in 1695-1697, the Little Orme's Head, 225, 226, 227, 228, 21, 22. „ Hammered Money brought into, British Museum, leather tokens in the, to be coined, in 1697, 224, 225, 323- „ Lancaster, London or, edge read- „ „ observations on the ing on Birchall's token, 274. coins of the Ohsna- ,, mint of Cnut, 146. forda type in the, ,, ,, ,, Harold I., 146. 68 et seq. ,, ,, „ Harthacnut, 144. „ ,, reference to the treas- ,, „ „ Edward the Confessor, ure trove case of 131, 144, 155. 1903—" The Attor- „ „ „ Harold II., 131, 146. ney-General v. the „ „ „ William I., 130, 131, 133, Trustees of the," 135; 144,146, 34i, 342. 157. 171- British Numismatic Society, Report of » „ » „ H-, I3°, i33> the Council of the, 393 et seq. 146, iSS^S8. Brock, Thomas, R.A., designer of the 171. portrait of Victoria, 310. „ „ „ Henry I., 158. " Bronze Pot " of Aberdeen, Find of coins „ „ „ Stephen, 158. temp. Edward I., II. and „ ,, Matilda, 158. III., etc., at Aberdeen, in „ „ „ Edward I., II., and III., the celebrated, 332 et seq., 332. 35°- 406, 407. „ „ „ Charles I., 360. „ „ handed over to the town ,, clipped and hammered money re- of Aberdeen, 335. coined at, in 1695-1697, 226. „ „ description of, 335. „ ingots coined into money at, in „ „ painting of the, 403. 1695-1697, 227. Brooke, Henry, Lord Cotham, attainder Britain, date of the introduction of coins of, 213. into, 292. Broughty Castle on Dundee Token, 276. „ earliest coins of, 292. Brown, Hugh, Edinburgh token of, 403. Britannia on English coins, prototype of " Brownbill H," edge reading on Birchall's figure of, 306. token, 274. „ Roman figure of, with Greek Bruce, Robert, coins of, 333. helmet, 308. „ „ find of coins of, at Aber- " Britannia Secunda," 18. deen, 333. ".British coins, early, 366, 382, silver, find Bruton, composite borough and mint of, of, in Suffolk, 362. 165, 167. „ „ find of ancient, at Honley, Bryn Maelgion, 19. 2, 381, 382. Bryn-y-Bia = the hill of the arrows, 19. „ ,, find of ancient, at South BTR = Treves, 30. Ferriby, near Barton-on- BV = mint of William I., 138. Humber, Lincolnshire, 1 Buckingham, composite borough and mint et seq., 381, 382. of, 165, 167. Index.

Buckingham, Duke of, 214. Caerhun identified with KANOVIVM, Buckley, Lady, forgery presented to Mr. 18. L. A. Lawrence by, 375. Caerwys, possibly a colloquial variant of Bulgaria, hides and furs used as money in, Caer-Varis, 18. 314- Caesar, leather money said to be coined Burghead, find of a Greek coin of Nero, in Britain by Julius, 321. at, 329. Cair-Segont = Carnarvon, 18. Burghs, the five, 93. Calais coins of Henry VI., 375. Burgred, King of Mercia, 59. Caldecott, J. B., exhibits by, 361, 367. ,, „ on Popular Numismatics, 5 3 coins of, 66.

"35 description of the coins of, 373, 374- 62-64. Calne, composite borough of, 165, 167. "53 dies at Rome, 62. Cambray, sterling of William of Avesnes, 35 finds of coins of, 63, 64, 385. Bishop of, 334. •JJ list of moneyers of the various Cambridge, composite borough and mint types of, 64-66. of, 165.

35 makes a truce with the Danes, „ mint of ^Ethelred II., 140. 60, 61. „ „ Harold I., 388. 35 the Kingdom and coins of, ,, ,, ,, Edward the Confessor, 59-66, 384, 385. IS9- Burhred, see Burgred. ,, ,, ,, William I., 121, 140, Buried Treasure, reference to W. J. 15°. iS9J *7i- Andrew's paper on, 86. „ „ _ „ William II., 159, 171- Burn, J. H., reference to his paper in the „ possible attribution of Gran- Numismatic Chronicle, 231, 232. Burns, Edward, reference to his Coinage of tham mint to, 167. Scotland, 230, 231, 233, 238. Camden and the use of leather for money, Bury St. Edmund's, mint of William I., 3*3- 132, 172. Cameronians and Prince James, the, ,„ „ „ „ „ William II., 243- 131, 172. Campbell, Sir Matthew, 213. „ „ Edward I., Cangiani, a tribe of the British Ordovices, II. and 18. HI., 333, Canterbury, Archbishop of, borough 3S°- owned by, 169. ,, ,, ,, simple borough and ., • composite borough and mint of, 168, 169. mint of, 165. Busts of James I. on his silver coinage, ,, mint of iEthelred II., 122, 140, 162. the, 173-175, 373. 55 33 35 Buxton halfpenny, note on, 274. Cnut, 122, 128, 135, I4°, 160. Byng, Admiral Sir George, in command 55 33 35 against the French fleet, 1707-8, 244, Harold I., 122, 128, 160, 162. 245-. 55 53 55 Byzantine coins bearing the Hand of Harthacnut, 122, 160. Providence, 296. 55 33 35 „ „ and the coins copied Edward the Con- in part from them, 296, 297. fessor, 122, 123, 134, I49, 161. 35 33 35 Harold II., 122, 135, C. 35 33 35 William I., 122, I29> 131, 134, C ( = Cricklade ?) mint of William I., 138. ^S. 140, 149, C and G on the Irish coins, the similarity rS2, 153, 160, of the letters, 221. 161, 162, 171. VOL. III. 2 F 43 Index.

Canterbury mint of William II., T19, 122, Carlyon-Britton, P. W. P., donation of 123, 125, 128, 129, books by, 135, 148, 152, 153, 387, 39i- 160, 161, 162, 171. ,, ,, epitome of his „ „ Henry I., 122, 135, paper on the 153, 160, 162. coins of ,, ,, „ Stephen, 161. Edward the ,, „ „ Richard I., forgery Confessor in of, 290. the Numis- „ „ Edward I., II., III., matic Chron- 333; 35°- icle, 1905, „ „ Henry VII., 388. 343- „ „ „ „ VIII., 360. exhibits by, ,, possible attribution of Calne 363, 382, mint to, 167. 385, 387, Caractacus treacherously given up by 39°, 401. Cartimandua, 2, 3. ,, ,. expression of Carausius, 29. sympa thy „ coins of, 33. with, 377. „ coins of, in the Little Orme's ,, ,, reference to his Head Find, 22, 23. Historical „ find of coins of, in the pass Notes on between the two Ormes, the First 20. Coinage of ,, rare or unpublished coin of, Henry II., 340, 34i- 114. ,, the Emperor, 341. ,, „, review of his ,, type of coin of, in the Little Edivard the Orme's Head Find, 23. Con fesso r Cardiff, Roman coins found near, 29. andhiscoins, Carew family and the name Gawine, no. 342-344- Carlisle, Earl Henry at, 347, 349. Carnarvon, Beaumaris and Conway „ Henry, Prince of Scotland, made Castles, issue of leather money by Earl of, 347. Edward I. at, 321. ,, James, private token issued by, CARO for JACOj substitution of, on the 275- Royal farthing tokens, 189, 196, 202, „ medal worn as a military decora- 205, 206, 216. tion, 402. Carolingian MSS., 75. CARLYON-BRITTON, P. W. P., F.S.A., Carthaginians, leather money used by the, President:—• 312. A Numismatic History of the Reigns Cartimandua, Queen of the Brigantes, 2, of William I. and II. (1066-1100). 3- Second Part: The Histories of the Casimir the Great, skins used as money Mints, 117-172. in reign of, 314. Coinage of St. David's in the time of Castle Clifford, simple borough of, 168. William I., 362, 363. Castor, moulds for imitation denarii found Cornish Numismatics, 107-116, 390. at, 340. Some Notes on the First Coinage of Catalogue of English coins in the British Henry II., 376. Museum, number of types assigned to Carlyon-Britton, P. W. p., coins of, 2, 4, Edward the Confessor in the, 342 et 5> 7> 9, I0> n, I2, seq. 13, 66, 67, 97, in, Catesby, 208. 112, 113, 310, 363, Catholic plots in the reign of Charles II., 382, 385, 39°- 219 e t seq. Index. 43

Cellini, the artist, 303. Charles I., unpublished threepence of, Celtic and Saxon illuminated manuscripts, 380. pre-etninence of the, 295. „ „ Van Dyck dress on coins of, Ceolwlf made king of Mercia, 62. 3°S- Chadwick, Captain, of Stroxton, 401. „ „ when Prince of Wales, Sir Chandois on the stamping of lea'her Francis Crane, secretary money in Russia, 318. to, 214. Chapter Coffee House ieather token, 323, ,, II. and his treaty with Louis 325- XIV., 222. Character of Prince James Stuart, 260, ,, ,, Britannia on the regal copper 261, 265 et seq. series of, 306. Characteristics of the various letters in the ,, „ his leaning towards the inscription of the Ohsnaforda pennies, Catholics, 219 et seq. 72 etseq. „ ,, issue of St. Patrick's Pence Charlemagne and Offa, 295. for Ireland in reign of, ,, and the alphabet, 75. 219. Charles I., a comparison of the mint- ,, „ possibly represented by the marks on the copper and kneeling figure on the St. Patrick's Pence, 222. silver coinage of James I. ,, ,, significance of the four inter- and, 187. laced sceptres on a pattern ,, „ and the tapestry works, 214, farthing of, 185. 215. ,, IX., edicts of, relating to the ,, ,, and the varying changes in change in the commence- fashions on coins of, 305. ment of the year, 252. „ ,, coins of, attributed to „ XII. of Sweden, death of, and its Coventry mint, 369. effect on the hopes of the ,, „ coin weights of, 367. Jacobites, 263. „ „ coins of, 360, 379, 380. „ XII. of Sweden, promise of aid ,, ,, effect of revival of art not to Prince James by, felt after reign of, 306. 259- ,, ,, find of coin clippings of, at „ Edward, Prince, miniature portrait Alderwasley, 337. of, 265. „ „ find of a coin of, at ,, „ Prince, 402. Nottingham, 369. ,, medal to commemorate the birth ,, ,, find of coins of, in the of Prince, 1720, 232. Shiprow, Aberdeen, 331, 2 ,, snuff box with portrait of Prince, 33 - 403- ,, ,, find of coins of, temp. Henry „ the Bald, 74. VIII. to, at Oswestry, 352. ,, ,, find of English silver coins „ ,, ,, the second Bible of, and jettons, from the 37°- Goodwin Sands, temp. ,, „ Wise issues a leather Edward III. to, 360. currency, 315. ,, „ in the Eikon Basilike, com- CHARLTON, WILLIAM :— parison of the design on Leather Currency, 311-328. the St. Patrick's Pence Cheney, Captain, 242. with that of, 220. Chertsey, inscription on a dish found at, ,, ,, mule pieces of, 407. in mixed runes and decorated uncials, ,, ,, reference to Sir John Skelton's 82. life of, 267. Chester, an account of the new money „ ,, remarkable gold double-crown coined in, 1695-1697, 225, or half-unite of, 407. 226, 227, 228. „ ,, shilling of, with impression of „ composite borough and mint of, possible plate marks, 369. 165. 2 F 2 43 Index.

Chester, Earl Henry meets Earl of, at Christian, H.M. King, letter of acknow- Carlisle, 349. ledgment on behalf of H.M. King „ hammered money brought into, Frederick VIII., on the death of, 364, to be coined in 1697, 224, 225. 365- „ mint of /Ethelned II., 123, 145, Christmas, Rev. Henry, reference to paper 146. of, on the coins of James I., 176.

)> ?) Cnut, 123, 140, 145, Chronology of the busts of James I. on 146, 149. his Silver Coinage, 173-175. » jj >> Harold 1., 123, 145,- " Civis" in the Gentleman's Magazine, 146. identity of, 276.

n )> » Harthacnut, 123, 145, Clare, simple borough of, 168. . 146. Classification of the coins of the Ohsna- 1) *J Edward the Confessor, forda type in the British 123, 140, 145, h6- Museum, 69.

5J )1 JJ Harold II., 123. ,, of the Royal Farthing

JJ JJ JJ William I., 123, 137, Tokens, 188-190. 140, 146, 149, 156, Claudius Gothicus, find of a coin of, at 171. Cull en, 329.

JJ JJ 'J William II., 123, 140 Clay, the late Dr. Charles, on the Manx 145, j46> 149' i56. leather currency, 327. 171. Clement XL, letter from Prince James to,

•JJ JJ JJ Edward I., II., and III., praying for money, 255. 333: 35°- Clementina, marriage medal of Prince „ rent of, paid in cash and marten James and, 232, 264, skins, 315. 268. ,, clipped and hammered money „ medal commemorating her coined into new in 1695- escape from Innsbruck, 1697, 226. 232. „ plate coined into New Money Clippings and Church Plate in Derby- in 1695-1697, 227. shire, A note on coin-, 337. " Chevalier de St. George" fights for France, „ temp. Charles I., Find of coin-, 246. in Bacon Meadow, Alder- „ ,, ,, ,, sends medals wasley, 337. to the English Cnut, coins of, 119, 120, 122, 123, 124, army on the 125, 126, 128, 129, 130, 131, Scarpe, 246. 132, 134, 135. 137. i38. I39> Chichester, Lady, 209. 140, 141, 142, 145, 146, 147, 148, „ composite borough and mint 149. i5°» JS1. 153, !56. 159> l6o> of, 165, 167. 161, 162, 163. ,, mint of Edward the Confessor, ,, the helmet on the coins of, 297. I35i I4I- Cockayne, William, agent of Lord Haring- ,, „ „ Harold II., 141. ton, 182, 211. „ „ „ William I., 128, 130, Coin-clippings and Church Plate in 135: I41) Derbyshire, A note on, 337. 156, 172. Coinage of Henry IV., The, by L. A. >> ). » » II., 130, 135, Lawrence, Review of, 350. 141, 172. „ Henry IV., The, by F. A. ,, „ „ Henry I., 141. Walters, Review of, 350, „ „ „ Stephen, 141. 35*- Chinese, use of leather for currency by " Coinage the unquestioned test of King- the, 313, 314. ship," 93. Christian, H.M. King, letter of acknow- Coining the Richmond Farthings, method ledgment from H.M. Queen Alexandra of, 198-200. on the death of, 365. Coins of Britain, earliest, 292. Index. 43

Coins in the British Museum, of the Constantinus, Maximus, coins of, ^5-47, Ohsnaforda Type, observations on the, So-58. " 68 et seq. „ „ coins of, in the Coins of Burgred, the Kingdom and, Little Orme's 59-66. Head Find, Coins of England, Art and the, 291-310. 21, 22, 29. „ Roman, recording history, 26, 27. „ „ types of coins of, „ suggestions for the striking of small, in the Little for Prince James Stuart, 259, Orme's Head 260. Find, 24-26, Colchester, composite borough and mint 27, 28. of, 165. Constantius II., find of coins of, at „ mint of yEthelrasd II., 162. Croydon, 341, 342. .„ „ „ Cnut, 162. ,, Chlorus, 26. ,, ,, ,, Harold I., 162. ,, ,, at Segontium, 18. „ „ „ „ „ coin erron- coins of, 33-48. „ » in the eously at- tribu ted Little to, 387, Orme's 388. Head „ „ „ Edward the Con- Find, fessor, 128, 133, 22. 142, 162. „ ,, types of coins of, ,, ,, ,, Harold II., 142. in the Little „ „ „ William I., 123, 128, Orme's Head 133, 142, Find, 23, 27. 162, 163, Conway Castles, issue of leather money 171. by Edward I. at Carnarvon, Beaumaris „ „ „ II., 122, 153, and, 321. 157, I7I- Copper coinage for Ireland, Elizabeth „ „ „ Henry I., 162. issues a, 181. Combe Abbey, near Coventry, 20S, „ „ Scotland, James I. in- 209. /TJ? . -v» stitutes a, 18.1. Comines, Philip, and the ransom of King Corbridge, Earl Henry at, 349. John, 315. ,, in Northumberland, usual resi- Commodus, Roman silver coins found in dence of Henry, Prince of Scotland, 348. Scotland usually are not later than, Corinth, .find of a Greek coin of Nero, 340. struck at, 329. Commonwealth, art discouraged by the, Coritani, probable coin of the, 4. 306. Cornhill, Union in, leather token of the, Composite boroughs in the Domesday 324- Book, list of the, 165, 166. Cornish mintage, a penny of /Ethelrsed II., Composite boroughs, the term, 164. the earliest coin of, 107. Confessor, attempt to reproduce features, Cornish Numismatics, 107-116, 390. in the beard of the, 303. Cornubia, entry from Pipe Roll of Conovium, see KANOVIVM, 18. Henry IT. under, 114. Constans, find of coins of, at Croydon, Cornwall, evidences in the Pipe Rolls of a 341, 342- coinage issued in, 107. Constantine the Great on York private ,, on the coins which are attri token, 275. buted to, 107. „ coins of, in the Little Orme's „ Reginald de Dunstanville, Earl Head Find, 23. of, 109, no, 113, 114. Constantinus, 26. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, MS. ,, Maximus, 30. Nro. 173, Extract from, 97. 43 Index.

Costume, coins delineating, 304, 305. Cromwell, Thomas, advocates the issue Cotham estates granted to Duke of of leather money, on the declaration Lennox, 213. of war with France and Scotland, ,, Lord, Henry Brooke, attainder 322. of, 213. Crosses, ornamentation common to the Couchman, John, agent of Lord Haring- Celtic and pre-Norman, 296. ton, 182, 211. Crown, forms of the, on the Royal Counterfeits of the Royal Farthing farthing tokens, 185. Tokens extensively made, 190, 200. Croydon, find of coins temp. Burgred, Countermark trefoil, on a Harington half- at, 63, 65, 385. farthing, 192, 216. „ ,, „ Roman coins at, 341, Country mints, an account of the new 342. money coined in the Croydjn, Roman coins from, 341, 342. several, 1695-1697, Crusades, effect of the, on the coinage, 225, 226, 227, 228. 299. ,, ,, to be coined in 1697, Cuerdale, Alfred's coins found at, 104, hammered money, 105. brought into the, „ hoard, reference to W. J. 224, 225. Andrew's paper on Buried County boroughs, and list of, in Domes- Treasure, 86. day Book, 164, 165, 166. CVIVS EST medal of Prince James Coventry mint, coin of Charles I. attri- Stuart, the larger, 235, 246, 247. buted to, 369. CUIUS EbT medal, the small, 234, 235, Cox, REV. J. CHARLES, LL.D,, F.S.A. :— 250. A Note on coin clippings and church ,, ,, ,, dated variety of, in plate in Derbyshire, 337. British Museum, Cox, dies of John and Norbert Roettier, 247. purchased by Matthew Young from one, ,, ,, medals, occasions for strik- ing, 247. Crane, in Camborne, 214. Cullen, find of a coin of Claudius „ Sir, Francis, life of, 213-215. Gothicus at, 329. ,, ,, „ partner, first of the Cumberland, Duke of, enamelled portrait, Duchess of Richmond and then of of, 401. Lovrl Maltravers, i&s tp 200, 215. Cumyn, William, Earl Henry assists, 348. Creeke, Major A. jj., aonatic^ of books Cuneators, varieties of mistakes made by, by, 387- 71 et seq. „' ,, „ reference to his Cunobelin, coin of, found at Wood paper in the Numismatic Chronicle, Burcote, Northampton- 1876, 177. shire, 388. Cricklade, composite borough and mint „ the state of perfection in the of, 165. coins of, 292. ,, mint of Cnut, 123. Currency, British, may be classified into ,, ,, „ Edward the Con- four periods, 294. fessor, 123, 145. ,, leather, 311-328. „ „ „ William I., 123, 145, Cuthbercht, facsimile taken from Gospel 162, 172, Book of, 99, 100. 285. Cynethryth, forgery of penny of, 281. „ „ „ „ H-, 136, 172. Crimean medals, 366. Cromwell, Oliver, imitative Roman art D. introduced for coin- age of, 306. D, the letter, on the Ohsnaforda coins, 75. ,, ,, reference to medal of, Dalrymple, Jas., translator of Historie of 248. Scotland, 326. Index. 43

Dalrymple, Sir David, Lord Advocate of De Hadeleie, Robert, coins of Edward I., Scotland, 247. II. and III., 333. Damery in France, moulds for imitation ,, la Warr, Constance, Countess, refer- denarii found at, 340. ence to her Life of Antie of Danes, Burgred makes a truce with the, 60. Britta?iy, 316. ,, come to Reading, 6r. „ Langlet du Tresney, Godefroi, refer- „ conquer East Anglia, 61. ence to statement of, 316. ,, invasions of the, 59 et seq. ,, Malines, Garet, 210. „ retire to Torksey, in Lincolnshire, „ „ Gerard, see Malynes, Gerard. 61. „ Markoff, Professor Alexis, donation ,, take London, 61. of books by, 365. Danish influences, use of h-s for x, not „ Salerna, Peter, PIRES SAL =, 376. attributable to, 86. ,, Saulles, George William, designer of Dates, mint-marks and, of silver coins of the coins of His Majesty Edward James I., if6, 177, 178, 179. VII, 310. ,, notes on the old and new styles in „ Serran, snuff box presented by Prince the reckoning of, 252 et seq. Charles to the Marquis, 402. Davenant, Sir William, extract from ,, Stuteville, Robert, forgery of penny comedy of, 324, 325. of, 289. D'Avesnes, John, Count of Hainault and „ „ „ penny of, 289. Holland, sterlings of, 333. ,, Warrenne, Ada, daughter of Earl, David, King of Scotland, at Huntingdon, marries Henry, Prince of Scotland, 346- 347, 348. „ of Scotland, Stephen, Henry II., Decentius, find of coins of, 342. Richard I., John and Henry III., Decline of art in the middle ages, cause forgeries of coins of, 289, 290. of the, 291. ,, the kneeling figure on the St. Dee, find of Roman coins on the banks Patrick's Pence generally called of the, 329. King, 220. Del Mar, A, reference to his History of ,, I. Forgery of Matilda with Motiey, 312. reverse copied from a coin Delisle, Mons. L. V, reference to a of Malcolm or, 287. monograph by, 74, 82, 95. ,, ,, of Scotland, forgery of penny Denarii, find of Roman, at Gartshore, of, 290. Davids of Scotland, Aberdeen mint of the, „ manufactured: "for devotional 331- purposes, 340. Davies, E., private tokens of, see Davis, Denbigh, the " Haringtons " refused in, 271, 272. 211. Davis, E., private tokens of, 271, 272. Denmark, H.M. the Queen of, letter ,, W. J., reference to his Nineteenth accepting Royal Membership from, 382, Century Token Coinage, 325, 383- 326. Denominations, the many different, Day, Lewis F., reference to his book, issued from reign of Henry VII., 303. Alphabets, Old and New, 73, Denton of London, token issued by, 77, 95; 275- ,, W., exhibits by, 402. Denton's Virtuoso's Companion, James De Clinton, Geoffrey, inquiry held at Wright, Junr., the author of the intro- Huntingdon touching the alleged duction to, 275, 276. treason of, 346. Derby, composite borough and mint of, De Dampierre, Gui, Marquis of Namur, 165. Count of Flanders, sterlings of, ,, mint of /Ethelrad II., 141. 334- ,, ,, Edward the Confessor, ,, Dreux, Marechal, issues leather 132, 137, r47- money for Anne of Brittany, 316. „ Harold II, 137. 44 Index.

Derby, mint of William I., 132, 137, 141, Doigui= Long, 319. 145, I7I- Domesday Book and Launceston, 108 „ » II., 141, 143, 147, et seq. 171. ,, ,, classification of ,, one of the five towns known as boroughs in the, the Five Burghs, 92, 93. 164 et seq. Derbyshire, a note on coin-clippings „ Boroughs, the, 164 et seq. and church plate in, „ record as to the payment of 337- rent of Chester in money „ the " Haringtons " refused and marten skins, 315. in, 211. Domitian, find of denarii of, at Gart- Des Brosses, description of Prince James shore, 340. by Charles, 266. Domitius, see iEnobarbus, 313. Design and inscription on the St. Patrick's JDon = hill, 108. Pence, the probable double Donation of a forgery in gold of noble of interpretation of the, 219 et David II. of Scotland, by E. E. Needes, seq. 373- „ and legend on the Royal Farthing Donation of books by :— Tokens, 185, 186. P. W. P. Carlyon-Britton, 387, 391. Designers of British and Gaulish coins, Major A. B. Creeke, 387. in the Little Orme's Head Find, con- Professor Alexis de Markoff, 365. cerning the, 26. L. Forrer, 375. DEVA, 18. Major W. J. Freer, 359. ,, = Chester, Roman military road J. B. Hurry, 365. from, 17, 18. Sheriff Mackenzie, 358. DEV1TVN mint of William I., 362, 363. H. M. Reynolds, 369. Devizes, simple borough of, 168. Spink and Son, 359, 372. Devonshire, entry from Pipe Roll of The American Numismatic Society. 359. Henry II. under, 114. The Deputy Master of the Mint, 372. Dewiton = DEVITVN = St. Davids, 362, E. Herbert Waters, 375. 363- Donation of framed copy of the English Numismatic Chart from the Con- Dictionary of National Biography and quest to the present time by :— the life of Henry, Prince of Scotland, W. J. Webster, 387. 347- Donation of medal by :— vUie-sM&ls-vs of Bi-fchfc vUld'Gaulish coins, Numismatic and Antiquarian Society in Little Orme's Head Find, concerning of Montreal, 373. the, 26. Donation of proof of the Society's book Dies in 1708, warrant to Roettier to plate, framed, by :— engrave, 252 et seq. Lieut.-Col. H. W. Morrieson, 3 84. ,, of John and Norbert Roettier, Donation of set of coin scales and weights notes on various, 237, 238, by:- 406. A. H. Baldwin, 373. ,, „ various medals by John and Donation of the facsimiles of the seals of Norbert Roettier presented to Owen Glendwr by :— British Museum, 236. W. Sharp Ogden, 359. „ regarded by the die-sinker as his Doncaster, Henry Prince of Scotland, own property, 274. made Earl of, 347. Diocletian, 313. Dorchester, composite borough and mint „ and Maximianus Hercules, of, 165. abdication of the joint ,, mint of Harold I., 141. emperors, recorded on , ,, Harthacnut, 141. Roman coin, 26. „ „ Edward the Con- „ and the mint at Richborough, fessor, 141. 3°- Index. 4

Dorchester, mint of William I., 141, 145, Dunhevet, in the time of Edward the- r49> XS1, Confessor, 109. 171. Dunstan, Abbot of Glastonbury, and the ,, ,, ,, II., 121, coinage of /Ethelred II., 297. i5T> I7I- Dunstanville, Reginald de, Earl of ,, the Bishop's See removed to, Cornwall, extract from charter of, 109 in 874, 92. et seq. " Dorsed " letters, suggestion for the term, Dunwich, composite borough and mint for retrograde, 71, 72. of, 165, X67. Dot used in connection with the mint- Dunton, moulds for imitation denarii mark on the Royal farthing tokens, 201. found at, 340. "Double-ring" farthings, 184, 187, 190, Durham, Bishop of, borough owned by, 200, 201, 216, 217. 168. Double-struck coins not to be confused „ Castle of, seized by William with overstrikes, 105. Cumyn, 348, Dover, composite borough and mint of, ,, Earl Henry executes a charter 165. and grant of lands to the „ mint of yEthelrsed II., 145, 147. church of, 348. Cnut, 132, 147. ,, Henry, Prince of Scotland, ,, „ Harold I, 132. invested with the Earldoms of „ ,, Harthacnut, 132, 147. Carlisle, Huntingdon, Don- ,, ,, Edward the Confessor, caster and Northampton at, 124, 132, 147, 149. 347- ,, ,, Harold II, 132. , mint of William I, 133, 171. „ „ William I, 132, 134, ,, ,, Edward I, II. and 142, 145, z47i HI-. 333, 149, 171. 35°- „ II, 124, 145, IV, 360. i47» X49, I7I- „ silver mines in, 210. „ Henry I, 142, 149. „ simple borough and mint of, JDownings, John, Hiiddersfield, edge 168, 169. reading on Birchall's token, 274. treaty of, 347- Dragon, the, a heraldic badge of the Dutch mints, on the issue of political Tudor dynasty, 221, tokens from the,?4;-the~iesultj" "21-5,- Drake, Sir Francis, 210. 220. Droitwich, composite borough of, 165, Dyce, William, designer of the Gothic 167. florin, 310. Dromore, token of, 369. Dublin coins of Edward I, II. and III, E. 333- „ Science and Art Museum, card E, the letter, on the Ohsnaforda coins, money in the, 328. Dudley Castle, 272. 75- ,, Private Token, 271, 272. Eadgar, coin of, attributed to Newport, Dumnovellaunos, coins of, 3 et seq., 6, 7, 116. 14. Eadmund slain by the Danes, 61. Dun = hill, 108. Eadred, forgery of, 282. Duncan, Admiral, token commemorating ,, penny of, 282. native town of, 276. Eadweard the Martyr, coin of, 282. Dundee penny token, 276. Eadwig, coin of, attributed by British „ private tokens, 275-277. Museum to Newark, 116. ,, shilling tokens, 276. „ coin of, attributed to Newport, Dunheved, see Dunhevet, 109, 116. 116. Dunhevet, 109, 113. forgery of, 282, 375. 44 Index.

Early British coins, Iheir prototype in the Edward the Confessor, coins of, attributed gold staters of Philip II. to Newport of Macedon, 292. near Launces- ,, ,, silver at Honley, find of, 382. ton, 115. East Anglia conquered by the Danes, 61. „ Compendium of East Linton, token of, 403. P. W. P. Car- EBORACUM on private token, 275. lyon - Britton's ECCE C. REX a suggested reading for paper on the 'ECCE G. REX, 22i. coins of, in the ECCE G. REX, the legend and its mean- JV umisma tic ing, 220 et seq. Chronicle, 343. ECCE G. RIEXfor ECCE G. REX, 221. ,, first type of, a ECCtesta Et GREX, 221. correction of „ „ „ another suggested ,, ,, the current type reading for ECCE GREX. of Harthacnut, Edinburgh token of Hugh Brown, 403. 343- Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, confers cer- „ Launceston in the tain privileges, 115. time of, 108. ,, the moneyer on Launceston ,, ,, ,, number of types coins, note on, 113. assigned to, in 0DW RQX, coins reading, re-assigned the Catalogue to Edward I., 350. of English coins Edward, Count of Bar, sterlings of, 333. in the British Edward Pennies, Find of a Hoard of, Museum, 342 at Lochmaben, 349, 350. et seq. Edward takes possession of London and ,, origin of the Oxford on the death Of Ethelred, sovereign type reference to, in the Saxon Chronicle, of, 297. 90, 92, 93. ,, ,, Elder, architecture depicted Edward the Confessor and his Coins, by on the coins of, P. W. P. Carlyon-Britton, F.S.A., 342- 296. 344- ,, >, „ portraiture on the Edward the Confessor, arguments against coins of, 296. the attribution „ I-, alteration in the obverse of certain coins design in reign of, 298, of, to' New- 299.

port, Cornwall, J J JJ and Alexander III. at Aber- . "5, 1 ro. deen in 1807. Finds of coins of, 119, coins temp., 330, 331, 120, 122, 123, 407. 124, 125, 126, J) JJ and his successors, a domin- 127, 128, 129, ating influence in the 130, 131, i32> artistic improvement in 133, 134, *35> the coins of, 299. Anglo-Gallic coins from i36, i37, 138, JJ JJ 140, 141, 142, Henry II. to, 351, 352. coins reading 8DW RQX 143, 144, 145, J J JJ 146, 147, 148, re-assigned to, 350. 149, J-5°, JJ JJ Ruding's account of leather i52, i53, iS4, money struck by, 321. 155, 156, iS7, JJ JJ the first sovereign since the 158, iS9, 160, Norman Conquest to 161, 162, 163, reduce the weight of 297. the silver penny, 322. Index. 43

Edward I, the obverse design of, not Elizabeth, established the Protestant displaced until reign of Church in Ireland, Henry Henry VII., 299. VIII. and, 221. ,, „ type of crown on the coins „ fashions in costume delineated of, 299. on coins of, 305. ,, „ II. and III, coins of, 332, ,, issues a copper coinage for 333, 35°, 4°7- Ireland, 181. „ „ „ find of coins ,, no leather tokens now known at Aber- to exist of, 323. deen, 332 ,, patterns of, for token coinage et seq., 406, in copper, 181. 407. ,, reason for the issue of private ,, ,, ,, first period of mediaeval tokens in the time of, 181. art extends to reign „ Princess, daughter of James I. of, 294. under the charge of Lord Ill, coin of, 375. Harington, 182, 208, 209. ,, ,, find of the supposed treas- Ella, King of Northumbria, defeated and ure of the army of, 331, slain, 60. 407. Ellis, D. I. W, leather token of, 323. „ „ florin, half-florin and Elmslie, Scottish mull bearing the crest quarter-florin of, 300, of, 401. 301. E.M. = East Maine on Hudson's Bay „ „ introduction of denomi- Company tokens, 320. nations other than the England, Art and the Coins of, 291-310. penny and its parts in English coins, supposed first indication of reign of, 299. heraldry on, 297. „ ,. the groat practically re- Epitome of P. W. P. Cariyon-Britton's mained unchanged from paper on the coins of Edward the Con- time of, to that of fessor in the Numismatic Chronicle, Henry VII, 300. i9°5, 343- ,, ,, to Charles I, a find of Erslion, Ralph and Co., token of, 403. English silver coins and Erth, in Saltash, 214. jettons temp, 360. Escallop, mark of, on coins of Henry I., ., „ and IV, noble, half-noble, probably a die-flaw-,. 3/85-..,.'-j^-f" and quarter - noble of, " Escape from Innsprtick " Medal, 402. 301. Estrange, Richard Fitz, Ricard of „ IV, coins of, 360. Exeter appears as, 376. „ VI, the broad five shilling Ethelred assists Burgred against the pieces of, known as " shovel- Danes, 60. boards," 352. ,, defeated and slain at Whitting- ,, VII, lion shillings of, 309. ham, 61. Edwardian issues, find of Irish pennies ,, Edward takes possession of of the, at Lochmaben, 349. London and Oxford on the Edwards, find of coins, at Footdee, death of, reference to in temp, the early, 331. the Saxon Chronicle, 90, Egbert, King of Wessex, 59. 92, 93. Egyptians, rolls of parchment and leather ,, find of coins of, 63, 64, 385. used as money by the ancient, 311. „ the government of London en- Eikon Basilike, Charles I. in the, and the trusted to the ealdorman, design on the St. Patrick's Pence, 92. 220. „ I, King of Wessex, 59. Elizabeth, cause of the restriction of the Ethelwlf, King of Wessex, drives the small moneys in silver in Danes out of Mercia, 59. the reign of, 181. Eugene, Prince, 258. 44 Index.

Eure, Lord, 210. Exeter, mint of Henry I., 124, 129. Eusebius, mention of the use of money ,, >, ,, ,, IL, 376- by, 3*3- ,, ,, „ Edward I., II., III., Eustace, Fitz-John, coins of, 2S9. 333- ,, Fitz Stephen, 114. „ possible attribution of Axbrid^e Evans, Sir John, coins of, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, coins to, 167. 382. ,, Roger, moneyer at, temp. Henry ,, ,, „ on a Numismatic II., 114. question raised by „ clipped and hammered money Shakespeare, 325. coined into new in, 1695-1697, „ „ „ on Rare and Unpub- 226. lished coins of „ plate coined into new money in Carausius, 340, 341. 1695-1697, 227. „ ,, ,, reference to extract from his paper on a Exhibits by:— Hoard of Saxon Pennies found in W. J. Andrew, 401, 402. City of London, A. H. Baldwin, 381, 388. 115, 116. Thomas Bearman, 402, 403. Evelyn, John, and the use of leather J. B. Caldecott, 361, 367. money by Henry P. W. P. Carlyon-Britton, 363, 382, VIII., 322. 385, 387, 39°, 4°i- ,, „ reference to his Discourse W. Day, 402. of Medals, 313, 315. Helen Farquhar, 379, 380, 404-406. Evesham Private Token, 272. Lionel L. Fletcher, 362, 369, 403. Exchequer Row, Aberdeen, 331. G. M. Fraser, 403. Excise duties, alteration in the, rouses Major W. J. Freer, 361, 3-67, 378, indignation in Scotland, 243, 244. 379- Exeter, an account of the new money coined S. H. Hamer, 381, 392, 403. in, 1695-1697, 225, 226, 227, Philip Laver, 369. 228. L. A. Lawrence, 363, 367, 373, 375, „ composite borough and mint of, 39i, 392, 4°i- 165. W. M. Maish, 360, 403. .-„ Countess of, 2x4. E. E. Needes, 373, 4°3- „ hammered money brought into, H. Osborne O'Hagan, 407. to be coined in 1697, 224, 225. W. Sharp Ogden, 373, 389, 404. „ mint, coins oij 108. Samuel Page, 369. „ „ of ^Ethelrsed II., 138, 149, H. A. Parsons, 367. • 153- H. M. Reynolds, 376. „ „ „ Cnut, 124, 138, 147, Bernard Roth, 366, 382, 401. I49, !53- T. Sheppard, 382. „ „ ., Harold I., 147. C. J. Smilter, 360. „ „ „ Edward the Confessor, S. M. Spink, 404. 124, 147, 149, 153, H. W. Taffs, 362, 403. i6'2. J. F. Walker, 360. „ „ „ Harold II., 128, 147, W. J. Webster, 360. 149. W. C. Wells, 388. „ „ ,, William I., 120, 124, F. W. Yeates, 369. 128, 138, 147, J49> Exton, Lord Harington of, 208. 153, IS7> EXVRGAT DEVS DISSIPENTVR 162, 171. INIMICI, introduction of the new „ ,, H., 129. 147, legend, on English coins, 173. 153,162,171. Eye, simple borough of, 16S. Index. 4

Finds of coins—continued:— F. Ancient British, at South Ferriby, near Barton-on-Humber, Lincolnshire, 1 et F, the letter, on the Ohstiaforda coins, 76. seq, 381, 382. Facsimiles for Biblical MSS., reference Anglo-Saxon sceattas near Icklingham, to Kenyon's, 80. Suffolk, 388. Failure of the expedition to Scotland in Anglo-Saxon stycas, at South Ferriby, 1707-8, 244 et seq. . 1. 381, 382. Faithfull, Charles, proprietor of the Billon pieces temp. Francis and Mary, Chapter Coffee House, 325. near Aberdeen, 330, 406, 407. FARQUHAR, HELEN :— British stater, at Whitten, Lincolnshire, 4. Patterns and medals bearing'the legend „ staters in Lincolnshire, 3, 4. Jacobus III. or Jacobus VIII., 229- Early British silver, at Honley, 382. 270, 406. ,, „ „ in Suffolk, 362. Exhibits by, 379, 380, 404-406. English silver coins and jettons temp. Farthing Tokens, the Royal, Part I, 1613- Edward III. to Charles I, from the 1636, 181-217. Goodwin Sands, 360. Farthings, method of coining the Rich- Foreign sterlings, at Aberdeen, 333, mond, 198-200. 334- Faventia, leather money used at the siege „ „ temp, the Edwards, of, 316. at Lochmaben,. Fdcamp, borough owned by the church 35o. of, 169. Greek coin of Nero, at Burghead, 329. Ferrers, Henry de, borough owned by, Groats, half-groats and pennies known 169. as the Montraive treasure trove, 332. Ferri IV., of Lorraine, sterlings of, 333. Halfpenny temp. Henry IV, at High- Ferrier, John, token issued by, 277. bury, 392. Fibulae, etc., find of, at South Ferriby, 1. Hoard of Edward Pennies, at Lock- " Fifteen Rising," reasons for the failure of maben, 349, 350. the, 257 et seq. „ „ Saxon Pennies, in the City Figures or letters on the Harington half- of London in 1872, 115. farthings, 192, 193, 216. Irish Pennies of the Edwards, at Loch- Finch, Alwin, in the Pipe Roll, Ahvin of maben, 349. London on coins =, 376. Late sceattas in London, 63, 64, 385. Find of an earthenware vessel with coins Lions or hardheads temp. Mary and at Neville's Cross, 349. Francis, in Aberdeen, 330, 406, 407. „ „ the enamelled jewel near Athel- Pre-Elizabethan, at South Ferriby, 1, ney, 91. 381, 382. ,, „ coin clippings temp. Charles I., Roman, at Croydon, 341, 342. at Alderwasley, 337. „ at South Ferriby, 1, 381, 382. „ ,, coins at Oswestry, by R. LI. „ bronze, on the Little Orme's Kenyon, Review of, 352. Head, T7-31, 389. „ „ Fibute, etc., at South Ferriby, 1. „ in Scotland, 339, 340. „ ,, leathern jettons, temp. Henry „ on the banks of the Dee, near VIII., on the site of Terouenne Aberdeen, 329. in France, 322. Temp. ^Ethelred in the Thames, at „ „ medalets of Prince James at Waterloo Bridge, 385. Smithfield, 241. „ Alexander III, at Lochmaben, „ „ „ of Prince James near 349- Lombard Street, ,, ,, ,, Robert Bruce, 241. and John Finds of coins :— Baliol, at Ancient British, at Honley, next Hud- A b e r d e e n, dersfield, 2, 381, 382. 333, 4°7- 44 Index.

Finds of coins—continued:—• Flamboyant period, art on the coins in Temp. Alfred the Great, at Cuerdale, the, compares favourably 104, 105. with that on Continental „ ,, in London, 63, 64, coins, 301. 3S5. ,, style of art on English coins, ,, Antoninus Pins, at Mortlach, 299, 300-302. Flanders, sterlings of Gui de Dampierre, 2 3 9' Marquis of Namur, Count of, ,, Burgred, at Gravesend, 63, 385. 334- ., „ at Trewhiddley, Corn- ,, sterlings of Louis IV., Count of, wall, 63, 66, 385. „ „ „ White-Horse, near 333- Croydon, 63, 65, „ tapestry workers come over from, 385- 214. „ „ in London, 63, 64, 385. Flans for the overstriking of forgeries, use .., Carausius, in the pass of the of genuine coins as, 285. Little Orme's Head, 20. Fleet Prison, Gerard Malynes and his „ Charles I., at Nottingham, 369. petition from, 182, 211. „ „ „ „ Oswestry, 352. Fletcher, Lionel L., exhibits by, 362, 369, „ ,, „ in the Shiprow, 4°3- Aberdeen, 331, 332. Flint, the Haringtons refused in, 211. ,, Claudius Gothicus, at Cullen, FLOREAT : REX, the legend, and its 329- meaning, 220 et seq. „ Cunobelin, with British ring Florin, half-florin and quarter-florin, issue money, at Wood Burcote, of, and detailed description of, Northamptonshire, 388. 300, 301. „ Edward I., and Alexander III. ,, introduction of silver, 308. at Aberdeen, in 1807, 330, Flynte, Nicholas, the engraver, 305. 331; 4°7- Fontevrault, Henry I. gives money of Edward I., II. and III., at Rouen to the Abbey of, 351. Aberdeen, 332 et seq., 406, Fontaine, Sir A., reference to his Numis- 407. mata Anglo-Saxonica et Anglo-Danica, „ Ethelred, in London, 63, 64, for illustration of penny of Alfred, 385- 102. „ James I., at Oswestry, 177. Footdee, find of coins temp, the early „ Marcus Aurelius, at Mortlach, Edwards at, 331. Forbes, Duncan, and the Jacobite medal, 329- 248. ,, Stephen, at Linton, 345. Forbin, Admiral the Comte de, in com- „ „ and Henry II., at mand of the French fleet sent to Awbridge, near Scotland, 1707-8, 245. Romsey, 344-349- Forda, meaning of, 89, 90. „ the early Edwards, at Footdee, 1 Fordwich, simple borough of, 168, 33 ' 170. „ the Edwards, at Lochmaben, Forgeries, notes on the striking of, 349- 103. „ the Iceni, at Wimblington, Forgeries of Harold II., William I. and Cambridgeshire, 388. II., features shown by a series ,, Titus, at Forres, 329. of, 285. „ Vespasian, at Inverurie, 329. ,, over-striking as a guide to the ,, William I., of Launceston mint, detection of, 103 at Beaworth, 112. Forgery in relation to Numismatics, 281- ,, „ II., at Shillington, 112. 290. Fitz Ansculf, Wrn., borough owned by, ,, of Roman coins, on the practice 168. of, 340. " Five Burghs," the, 93. Index. 47

Forrer, L., donation of book by, 375. „ „ reference to his Biographical G. Dictio?iary of Medallists, 175, 268, 269. G and C on the Irish coins, the similarity Forres, find of a coin of Titus at, of the letters, 221. 329- Galerius, 26. Forth, failure of the French expedition to Gallus, find of coins of, at Croydon, 341, the Firth of, 244. 342- „ invasion of the Firth of, 243 et "Gandes" = Ghent, 333. seq. Gardner, Willoughby, and the hoard of " Forty-Five," Prince James and the, coins of Carau- 258. sius found on Foszlan, Ibsen, reference to. the use of ox the Little Orme's hides as money by, 314. Head, 341. Fountaine, Colonel James, his suggestion ,, ,, coins of, 20. for the striking of small coins for Prince Garraway's coffee house, 325. James Stuart, 259, 260. Garrett, Edward, and the Royal Farthing Francis and Mary, find of billon pieces of, Tokens, 215. near Aberdeen, 330, 406, 407. „ ,, contractor to the Duke Frankish Rustic Letters, H.M.N.R, of Lennox and the 100. Duchess of Richmond, FRASER, G. M., Librarian of the Public 189, 204. Library, Aberdeen :— Gartshore, find of Roman coins at, Treasure Trove in 339, 340. the North of Gaucher II. de Chatillion, sterlings of, 333. Scotland, 329, Gaul, Macedonian staters imitated in, 292. 335, 406. Gauleran II. de Luxemburg, Lord of ,, ,, exhibits by, 403. Ligny, sterlings of, 333. Frazer, Robert and the Stuart Medal, Gaulish mints, Roman coins of, 47-58. 248. „ „ found on Frederick II., uses leather-money, 316. the Little Orme's Head, 21, 22. „ the Great, steel seal of John ,, section of coins in the Little Manners, who commanded Orme's Head Find, 26-28. in the Seven Years' War, Gawine, the moneyer, interest attaching under, 361. to the name, 11 o. Frederickshall, death of Charles XII. of George I, death of, 264, 269, 270. Sweden, at, 263. „ II., coins of, made into punch Freer, Major W. J, donation of books by, ladle, 401. 3S9- ,, IV., lion shillings of, 309. „ „ , exhibits by, 36X, 367, Germany, hides and furs used as money in, 314. 378, 379- Ghent, sterling of Robert III. de Bethune, ,, „ ,, records of service of struck at, 333. three brothers, Gilbert, C. S., reference to his History of relatives of, 379. Cornivall, 214. French ship with English officers on „ borough owned by Richard, son board in 1707-8, capture of a, of Earl, 168. 245- Giotto, the earliest artist who painted Fret or Harington knot, on the Royal actual portraits, 304. Half-farthing Tokens, 187, 189, 190, Glasgow, J. Reynolds and Thomson's 216. warehouse of, 403. Fullerton, Colonel, dies for tokens cut to Glastonbury, Dunstan, Abbot of, and the the order of, 278. coinage of ^-Ethelred II., 297. Futhorc, the use of the rune-letter Ur, the Glenshiel, battle of, 264. second letter of the Teutonic, 82. •443 Index.

•Gloucester, composite borough and mint Greek style in modern period of art, 306. of, 165. „ temples, false coins in, 340. ,, Duke of, 241. Green, J. R, and the Ohsnafot-da coins, 93. ., mint of Edward the Con- ,, ,, and the reading Oksnaforda • fessor, 128, 147, for Ohsnaforda, 79. 155, 161. Gregorian calendar or new style of ,, „ Harold II, 128, 150, reckoning the date, notes on the, 252 161. et seq. ,, ,, ,, William I, 128, 147, Gregory, Pope, his Pastoral Care, 79, 85, I5°> ^55. L6L> I7I- 88, 97- ,, „ ,, William II, 124, 128, „ the Great, and the psalter of 135) !52> 153, X54) St. Augustine of Canterbury, 171. 73, 83. „ „ Henry I, 124, 153. Gregory's Pastoral Care, extract from „ • „ Stephen, 124. King Alfred's translation of, 88. "Gold coinage, Prince James Stuart, issues Greville, Sir Fulke, 208. warrant for a, 248. Grew, R. L, leather token from collection ,, ,, 1708, design for same, of, 326. 248, 249. Grey Friars Monastery, Aberdeen, site of, ,, penny of Henry III., issue of, 298. 33°- • Goodwin Sands, a find of English silver coins and jettons temp. Edward III. Griffin, sentence on Lord, 245. to Charles I. from the, 360. Grimbold, mass priest of Alfred, 88. -Gordon, Duchess of, and the Jacobite Grivtia = the value of a horse or of medals, 247. twenty marten skins, 319. „ of Glenbucket, description of Guildford, composite borough and mint Prince James Stuart by, 266. of, 165. Gorm, father of King Harold Blaatand, „ mint of Edward the Confessor, 82. 122. •Gothic crown the, 308. „ mint of William I, 154, 172. ,, revival of art, 308. ,, 11 J? ILj 122, Govan Coal Colliery Token, 403. 154, 172. Gowrie, Earl of, 212. „ Museum, leather tokens in Grafton, the manor of, conveyed to Crane, the, 324. 2i5- Guineas of Prince James Stuart, 231, 233, Grammar and Meaning of the Inscription 235, 237, 238, 242, 249, 565, 263. on the Ohsnaforda coins, 89. GYANTSE, clasp on Tibet war medal, -Grantebrige (D.B.) = Cambridge, 167. 388. -Grantham, composite borough of, 165, H. 167. •Graveline, Prince James lands near, 260. H, Anglo-Saxon letter, often mistaken in Gravesend, find of coins of Burgred at, MSS. for, and produced as R, 370. 63, 385- ,, table of forms assumed in different 1 -Gray, Master of, 212. periods by the letter, 100. „ the poet, description of Prince „ the letter, in Pelagius's Commentaries James Stuart by, 265. on the Epistles of St. Paul, 84. •Great Britain and Ireland on the reverse, „ the letter on the Ohsnaforda coins, 76, Medal of Prince James with 83-85- map of, 235. „ the letter, similar to the Rustic H of „ Orme, ancient copper mines on the Pelagius MS. possibly responsi- the, 19. ble for misreadings of Ohsnaforda, •Greatley, Synod at, 110, 164. 85- ••Greek revival replaces Roman influence „ the liability of confusion of the letter, on modern art, 307. with N or R, 84 et seq. Index. 4

H., various misrepresentations of, on Hamilton, Marquis of, and the Royal Ohsnaforda coins, 76. Farthing Tokens, 183. H, M and N, similarity of, in the Rustic Hammered Money brought into the hand, 83. „ Country Mints to be coined H—S, the digraph, = X, 370. in 1697, 224, 225. Haakon VII., of Norway, coin of, 388. „ Money brought into the Hadrian, find of denarii of, at Gartshore, Mint in the Tower to be 34°- coined in 1697, 223, 224. Haigh, his reference to Alfred's Mercian Hand of Providence on the coins of type, 104. Edward the Elder, 296. Haile, Martin, reference to work of, 253, Handwriting in the time of Alfred, 260. characteristics and peculiarities in, 84, Hainault and Holland, sterlings of John 35- d'Avesnes, Count of, 333. Hanover, Knight of, Gold order, 378. Hair, change of fashion in, traced in " Hanover," medal called " The Appeal English coins, 177. against the House of," 268, 269. Half-farthings, Harington, 190-192, 199, Hanoverians, projected crusade by 216. Charles XII. against the, 263. „ „ „ arguments Hanseatic towns, commercial relations against the established between Russia and the, a s s u mption 3r9- that these Harington farthings, size and weight of were light- the, 193. weight far- ,, „ varieties of the, things, 191. 193- the weight of the, 192. „ James, author of Oceana, 208. „ John, second Lord, dfeath of, „ „ trefoil countermark on 182, 209, Harington, 192, 216. 211. Half-uncial letters, H, M, N, R, 100. „ „ „ of Exton, Halfpenny of John, forgery of Irish, 290. 182, 209. „ „ „ Irish, 290. ,, knot on the Royal half- Halifax Private Token, 273. farthing tokens, the, 187, HAMER, S, H. :—• 189, 190, 216. Notes on the Private Tokens, their „ Lady, 182, 183, 184, 189, issuers and die-sinkers (continued), 208. 271-279. ,, ,, patent confirmed to, Hamer, S. H., exhibits by, 381, 392, 403. 182, 183. Hamerani, Ermenegildo, the medallist, ,, Lord, 181, 182, 184, 189, 268, 269. 208, 209. ,, „ medals attri- „ ,, death of, 182, 209, buted to, 211. 268 et seq. ,, ,, grant of patent to, for ,, Ferdinand, the medallist, 269. issuing tokens, 181, „ Ottone, medallist to the 209, 211. Stuarts, 232, 264, 268, 269. „ patent for making Royal ,, on the date of the death of, farthing tokens, some notes 269. on the after history of, 182, Hamilton, Duke of, 244. 183. ,, General George, sends pattern "Harington," Sir James, 208. pieces to Prince James, 256. „ Sir John, the writer, 208. ,, General, letter relating to the „ period of farthing tokens, punches of Prince James's 183, 184, 188, 189, 190- coins, from, 261. 193, 216. VOL. III. 2 G 4 Index.

" Haringtons," unpopularity of the, 211. Hastings, mint of Henry I, 140. Harley, the intrigues of, 247. „ „ Stephen, 153. Harold Blaatand, runic monument erected Hatton, MS, Appendix V, reference to, by King, 82. 80. „ I., coin of the Launceston mint „ ,, King Alfred's translation of of, no. Pope Gregory's Pastoral „ „ coins of, 119, 120, 122, 123, Care, reference to, 79, 124,125,126,128,131,132, j 80. 134, I35> I4°) MI, 142, I4S> ,, ,, reference to, and the use of 146, 147, 149, 151, 153, 156, the digraph lis, 88. 155, 160, 161, 162, 163, 387, „ „ use of k in, 85. 388. Haverfield, Dr., on an inscription „ II., coin of, 120, 122, 123, 124, • referring to Carausius, 341. 125, 126, 128, 129, 131, 132, Hawkins on the Jacobus Tertius Guinea, r33, 134, 135. ij6, J37, 14°) 235- 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, Hay, Rev. W. R, notes by, 274. 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, „ „ „ reference to manuscript 156, T57, 159) 161, 162) 163. work of, 272. 284, 298. Head, Barclay V, and the reading Oksna- „ „ Forgery of, 282, 284. forda, 79. „ „ OM for ON on coins of, 284. Helmet, types of, on Saxon coins, 297. „ ,, and William I., II, illustra- Henderson, Dr., reference to his Side-lights tions of forgeries of coins of, of English History, 234. 282-286. ,, ,, reference to his biography Harp, some varieties of, found on the of James I. and VI, reverse of coins of James I, 178. 177, 179. Henry, Bishop of Exeter, Lanstaveton — „ varieties of, found on the Royal Launceston, in char- farthing tokens, 185, 186, 188, ter of, 112. i93) r96, 200, 201, 204, 205, „ „ ,, Winchester, forgery of, 206, 216. 290. Harrison, William, on the leather money „ „ „ „ penny of, issued in the Isle of Man, 327. 290, 360. Harthacnut, coins of, 119, 120, 122, 123, „ Cardinal York, 265. 124, 125, 131, 132, 134, „ Prince of Scotland and Earl of 135) 14°) 141, 142, 144) Huntingdon assists William 145, !46, 147, 149, !53, Cumyn, 348. 160, 376. „ Earl, executes a charter and grant „ the first type of Edward the of lands to the Church of Confessor, a corrected type Durham, 348. of the last issue of, 343. ,, ,, executes a charter at Berwick, Harundel (D. B.) = Arundel, 167. 348. Hastings, composite borough and mint of, ,, ,, of Northumberland, death of, 165. 349- ,, mint of Edward the Confessor, „ ,, records relating to, from 1140- 133, 134, 157- 1152, 348, 349- „ „ Harold II, 133, 134, ,, ,, visits Stephen's court, 348. 157- ,, ,, W. J. Andrew on, 346 et seq. „ „ „ William I, 132, 133, ,, „ H. A. Grueber on, 346 et seq. i34, 157, „ „ becomes Earl of Northum- 172. berland, 347. II-. 133, 134- „ „ H. A. Grueber, and the date „ „ „ » 14°, 153, of the last year in England 172. of, 347- Index. 45 r

Henry, Earl, records quoted by W. J. Henry, II., Pipe Rolls of, 3 7 6- Andrew showing that Henry „ „ record in Pipe Rolls, of coins was in England subse- struck at Launceston, 107, quently to 1140, 347 et seq. 39°- „ „ the most influential potentate „ „ Some Notes on the First in the North of. England, Coinage of, 376. 348. „ ,, to Edward I., Anglo-Gallic ,, Prince of Wales, 208. coins from, 351, 352. „ „ „ portrait of, by „ „ Richard I., John and Plenry Simon Passe, III., forgeries of coins of 178. Stephen, of David of Scot- Henry I., an artistic revival disclosed on land, 289, 290. coins of, 298. Henry III., coin of, 290. ,, ,, coin of Launceston mint of, ,, ,, forgeries of coins of, 290. "3- „ „ „ „ Stephen, „ „ coins of, 119, 122, 123, 124, of David of Scotland, 125, 126, 129, 130, 134, 135, Henry II., Richard I., i36> r37> 140, 141, 142, 143, John and, 289, 290. 144, i4S.,I46» j47, 148, 149, „ „ gold penny of, 298. I I J J 6 15°, S > 53, S5, !5 , 157, Henry IV.; coin of, 391, 392. 158, 159, l6°, l6l> l62, 163, ,, ,, find of halfpenny of, at High- 286, 287, 288. bury, 392. ,, ,, concerning forgeries of, 103. „ „ F. A. Walter's theory that the „ ,, entry from Pipe Roll of, 113. first groats of, were struck „ ,, forgeries of, 286, 287, 288. from the dies of Richard „ „ London mint of, 385. II., 35°, 351- „ ,, Matilda and Stephen, illustra- ,, ,, The Coinage of, by L. A. tions of forgeries of coins of, Lawrence, Review of, 350. 286-289. » ,, The Coinage of, by F. A. „ ,, Pembroke mint of, 362. Walters, Review of, 350. Henry I., reference to W. J. Andrew's ,, IX-V., coin of, 369. Numismatic History• of the ••> coins of, 360. Reign of 288, 303. " coins of, 375. Henry I., Rouen mint of, 351. » VII., an authentic portrait not „ „ the mint of Huntingdon in delineated until reign of„ reign of, 346 et seq. 3°4- „ ,, usual period of issue of types " ,, coins of, 360, 361, 388. temp., 347. » ,, placed the art of the- „ „ William of Malmesbury and the engraver on a higher- severities practised by, 91. footing than hitherto Henry II., at Awbridge, near Romsey. attained in England, 303. Find of coins of Stephen » >, the groat practically remains and, 343-349- „ „ coins of, 290, 344 et seq., unchanged from time of Edward III. to that of, .345- 300. „ ,, coins of Launceston mint of, " >, the obverse design of 114, 390. Edward I. not displaced „ ,, extract from Pipe Rolls of, until reign of, 299. concerning Launceston >> the shilling a money of mint, 114, 390. account and not an actual „ „ forgeries of coins of, 290. coinuntilthe reignof, 304. „ „ low state of art as shown on " III., and Elizabeth established the coins of Stephen and the Protestant Church early money of, 298. in Ireland, 221. 2 G 2 4 Index.

Henry VIII., coins of, 360. Heywood, Nathan, reference to his " First ,, „ find of leather jettons on Coinage of Henry II.," 114. the site of Terouenne, in Hiberno-Saxon traits in the psalter of France, 322. St. Augustine of Canterbury, ,, ,, introduction of the front- 73- faced bust as a portrait ,, Saxon type of lettering on the in reign of, 304. Ohsnafo?-da Type, 71. ,, „ reference to State letters Hicks, Sir Braston, 209. and papers of, 322. Hidcr's, Charles, variety of edge-reading ,, ,, St. George and the dragon on Birchall's private token, 274. adopted on the George Hides, a substitute for money, as a noble of, 304. medium of exchange, 311 et seq. ,, „ to Charles I., find of coins Highbury, find of coins temp. Henry IV. temp, at Oswestry, 352. at, 392. Heraldic devices, a prominent feature of Highlands, strong feudal feelingin the, 241. the currency, 300. " Highwaymen have all gone to your Heraldry on English coins, supposed first country " (Scotland), 244. indication of, 297. Hildebrand, reference to, 107, no. „ revival and appreciation of, 308. „ „ _ 342 et seq. Herbert, leather money issued in America, Hill, G. T, on Roman Coins from Croydon, ' by Lady Mary, 317. 34'J 342- HEREBERT on a coin of Alfred's time, Historia Danica of Saxo Grammaticus, 104. reference to, 83. Hereford, composite borough and mint of, Hoblyn, the late Richard Armstrong, 165. F.S.A, coins of, „ mint of ^Ethelrsed II, 124. 199. „ „ „ Cnut, 124. ,, ,, ,, on the coins of Prince ,, „ „ Edward the Confessor, James Stuart, 236, 119. 261. „ „ Harold II, 134, 135. „ resolution of condolence to the ,, „ ,, William I, 119, 120, relatives of, 374, 375. 124, 129, Hocking, W. J, on overstruck coins, 352. 134, i35> Hodgkin, J. Elliot, token from collection 144, i5°> of, 325- 171. Holle, William, Cuneator of the mint of „ „ „ „ II, 120, 124, James I, 175. 140, 146, Holmcultram Abbey founded by Earl 147, 150, Henry, 349. 171, 286. Homer, reference to, 312. „ „ „ Henry I, 134, 135. Honley, find of ancient British coins at, „ „ ,, Stephen, 124, 134. 214, 382. Hertford, composite borough and mint of, ,, find, coins of Prince Dumno- 165. vellaunos in the, 7. ,, mint of Edward the Confessor, „ „ type of horse on some 153. British coins in the, 9. „ „ William I, 122, 153, Hooke, Lt.-Col. Nathaniel, 244, 157. i7i- Hopkins, Sir J. P, K.H, decorations of, „ » „ „ II-, 122, 157, 378, 379- 171. „ record of ser- Hewlett, Lionel M, on Anglo-Gallic Coins, vice of, 378, Review of, 351, 352. 379- HEYWOOD, NATHAN :— „ „ „ tribute to, by The Kingdom and Coins of Burgred, Sir W. Napier, 59, 66, 384, 385. 378. Index. 43

Horse, type of, on some early British Hurry, j. B., donation of book by the coins in the South Ferriby and Honley author, 365. finds, 9. Huth, Reginald, coins of, 112. Howard family, Duchess of Richmond Hythe, composite borough and mint of, and Lord Maltravers, both of l6s- the, 200, 215. „ mint of William I., 134, 171. ,, Henry Frederick, Lord Mal- „ „ „ II., 134, 171. travers, 215. „ Viscount, of Bindon, 21 3. Howel the Good, 97. I. Howell Dda, coin of, 362. hs in Anglo-Saxon orthography — x, 71. I.R., leather token stamped, 325. „ in place of x, probable date of use of, Iceni, find of coins of the, near Wimbling- 88. ton, Cambridgeshire, 388. „ influences which led to the representa- „ of the Eastern Counties, coins of tion of £ by, 86 et seq. the, 11, 12, 13. ,, use of, to represent x, 87. Icklingham, Suffolk, find of an Anglo- Huddersfield., John Downings, edge read- Saxon sceatta, near, 388. ing on Birchall's token, 274. Iconoclasts, or image-breakers, 291. Hudson's Bay Company, brass tokens of Uchester, composite borough and mint of, the, 320. 165. Hung-Wu, leather money used in the ,, mint of Cnut, 147. reign of, 313, 314. „ ,, „ Edward the Confessor, Hunterian Collection, coin in, 7. 120, 147. Huntingdon, composite borough and mint „ „ ,, Harold II., 120. of, 165. „ ,, „ William I., 120, 123, ,, Earl Henry grants a charter 160, 172. to the church of Durham, » » „ „ II-. I23, 142, at, 349. 147, 172. ,, Henry, Prince of Scotland Ilger, Ralf, brother of, borough owned by, and Earl of, 346 et seq. 169. „ Henry, Prince of Scotland, Iliad., quotation from the, on the use of made Earl of, 347. ox-hides as money, 311. „ mint, coin of Stephen at- Imitation denarii, find of, at Gartshore, tributed to, 344 et 34°- seq. „ ,, theory as to the origin „ „ of yfethelraed II., 153. of, 340. „ „ „ Cnut, 140. Influences which led to the representation ,, ,, ,, Harthacnut, 124. of x by hs, 86 et seq. „ ,, ,, Edward the Con- Ingwair and Ubba, Eadmund slain by, 61. fessor, 124, 140, Innsbruck, medal to commemorate the 141, 153- escape of Clementina from, 232. „ „ Harold II., 141. Inscription on the Ohsnaforda Type, the „ „ „ William I., 120, lettering of the, 7 x et seq.. 124, 140, 141, „ on the Oxford Pennies of the 153. 171- OHSNAFORDA Type,the, „ „ „ William II., 124, 67, 100. 140, 14X, 143, „ on the St. Patrick's Pence, i53> 17r- the probable double inter- „ „ Henry I., 153. pretation of the, 220 et seq. „ ,, „ Stephen, 141. Inverness, Prince James proclaimed king ,, „ „ temp. Henry I. and at, 243. Stephen, 346 et Inverurie, find of a coin of Vespasian at, seq. 329- 44 Index.

Ipswich, composite bor&agh and mint of, J- 165. ,, mint of ^EthelrEed II, 146. JACO, substitution of CARO for, on the „ „ Cnut, 119, 146.^ Royal farthing tokens, X89, 196, 202, ,, ,, ,, Edward the Confessor, 205, 206, 216. 124, 130, 146. Jacobite coins, Scottish and, exhibited, ,, ,, ,, Harold II, 124. 404. „ ,, ,, William I, 119, 120, ,, prayer book in which " King r2 2, 124, 146, James" had been substituted . 147) 157, 162, for King George, 404. 172. Jacobs, the die-sinker, 271, 272. „ ,) )) „ II-, 12 2, 130, Jacobus III, or Jacobus VIII. Patterns r33> I72- or medals bearing the legend, 229-270, „ ,, „ Henry I, 147. 406. Ireland and Scotland, state of, in 1709, Jacobus Magna Britannia Et Wallice 2 5 4 et seq. Princeps, the title, 240. „ Elizabeth issues a copper coinage James, description of Prince, 239. for, 181. „ Francis Edward acknowledged ,, endeavours to enforce the use of, "James III." of England and the Royal farthing tokens in "VIII." of Scotland, 242. place of the traders' tokens in, ., likeness of Prince, to his cousin 183, 203. Louis XIV, 240. Irela?id, Facsimiles of the National MSS. ,, medals of Prince, 233, 234, 238, of reference to, 96. 239) 4°4- Ireland, Henry VIII, and Elizabeth ,, medal with portrait of James II. established the Protestant and on the reverse the head of Church in, 221. Prince, 239. „ issue of St. Patrick's Pence for, ,, picture by Largilliere of Prince, 219. 239- „ reasons for supposing that the „ Prince, fails to disembark in oval farthing tokens were Scotland in 1707-8, 245. probably struck for, 202 et seq. ,, „ find of medalets of, at „ Renaudot, in 1708, advocates an Smithfield, 241. invasion of, 254. ,, j, find of medalets of, „ warrant ordering the making and near Lombard Street, engraving of the seal of, 248. 241. Irish coins of John, 290. „ ,, his medalets of compar- „ „ „ forgery of, 290. atively little value, 241. ,, halfpenny of John, forgery of, and ,, ,, proclaimed King at Inver- its prototype, 290. ness, 243. „ partisans, the issue of Dutch tokens ,, „ personality of, 240, 241. perhaps suggested a similar issue „ I. and Charles I., a comparison of to, 220. the mint-marks on the ,, tokens, 369. Isidore on the use of leather for currency, copper and silver coin- 312. age of, 187. ,, ,, „ his Queen visit the Mint in Italy and Gaul, Macedonian staters the Tower, 173, 174, imitated in, 292. 373- ,, artistic merit of coins struck in ,, ,, assumed the title of King of certain states of, 303. „ ravaged by the Northern bar- Great Britain, France and barians, in the fourth and fifth Ireland, 174. centuries, 291. ,, ,, circumstances which led to the Ivan IV, leather currency of, 318. alteration in style of the Royal farthing tokens of, 189 Index. 4

I., coin weights of, 367. James Stuart, Prince, coins of, 404. ,, coins of, 178, 179. ,, „ ,, concerning the ,, farthing tokens of, divisible into patterns for the two groups, 188. proposed cur- ,, find of coins temp, at Oswestry, rency of.1709 177. and 1716, 229. ,, gold half-crowns of, 403. ,, „ ,, concerning the ,, grants patent to Lord Haring- portrait on a ton for issuing tokens, 181, jetton of 1697 209, 211. of, 233. „ institutes a copper coinage for „ ,, „ confirms the ap- Scotland, 181. pointments of ,, mint marks and dates of silver John, James coins of, 176, 177, 178, 179. and Norbert ,, on his silver coinage, chrono- Roettier to be logy of the busts of, 173, 175. Engravers- ,, on his silver coinage, the busts General to the of, 173, 179, 373- Mint of Eng- „ tapestry works established under land in 1703, the patronage of, 213, 214. 230. ,, the portraiture on the money of, ,, ,, ,, crown, obverse changed six times, 373. die only found II., appoints John, James and of the, 238. Norbert Roettier to be ,, ., „ English crown of, Engravers-General to the 23°, 231, 235, Mint of England, in 1695, 236, 249, 256, 229. 257, 406. ,, coins of, 404. ,, ,, „ extract from letters ,, death of, 242. of, to the Scots, „ forty-shilling piece of, 237. 253- „ medal suggested as struck by ,, ,, ,, first medal of, Prince James on the death claiming regal of, 238. titles, 1704, ,, medal with portrait of, and on 23S, 23s- the reverse head of Prince gold coinage of, James, 239. 247, 248, 249, „ or VII., sixty-shilling piece of, 406. z36, 237. guinea of, 231, „ orders dies for various coins 233, 235, 237, in 1695, 230. 238, 242, 249, „ refuses the offer of William 406. III., 242. „ ,. „ guinea were pre- ,, ten-shilling piece of, 237. pared when Stuart, Prince, a medal of, repre- Louis XIV. sented on a print acknowledged by Thomassin, the Prince as 234- "James III.," „ „ and Clementina, in 1701, sug- marriage medal gestion that the of, 264, 268. obverse dies of „ „ and Clementina, the (so-called), medals portray- 238. ing the children „ „ „ Hamerani's last of, 232. medal of, 268 4 Index.

James Stuart, Prince, his tolerance of John and Henry III, forgeries of coins of all forms of Stephen, of David of Scotland, belief, 255 et Henry II, Richard I, 289, 290. seq. „ coins of, 290. „ ,, ,, issues warrant for ,, Count of Luxemburg as King of a gold and Bohemia and Poland, sterlings silver coinage, of, 333- 248. ,, forgeries of coins of, 2.90. ,, ,, „ joins the French ,, ,. ,, Irish coins of, 290. army at Valen- „ forgery of Irish halfpenny of, 290. ciennes, 253. ,, Irish coins of, 290. „ ,, ., letter from, to ,, „ halfpenny of, 290. Pope Clement „ mass priest of Alfred, 88. XI, praying for ,, the Good issues a leather currency, help in money, 3i5- 255- „ the Old Saxon, 371. medals of, 404. „ „ „ „ foreign influences on the death of, in spelling due 267, 268, 269, to, 88, 89. 270. ,, II, state of France after the personality of, payment of ransom for, 315. 260, 261, 265 „ tradition mentioned by Camden et seq. that leather money was struck refuses to become by King, 321. a Protestant, Johnston, Edward, reference to his 256. Writing and Illuminating, and Letter- Scottish gold ing, 96- pieces of, 402. Jonathan's coffee house, 325. verbal portraiture Judith, King Alfred's stepmother, 74. of, 260, 261, 265 et seq. as "James VIII" K. of Scotland, coins of, 404. K, reference to use of the capital, in the guinea of, 231, poems of Prudentius, 83, 84. 237, 238> 262, K, use of, in the Hattoti MS., 85. 263, 406. KANOVIVM, on the Roman military crown of, 231, road from Chester to Carnarvon, 18, 236, 262, 263, 19. 406. Kappa, its place in Anglo-Saxon history, sixty-shilling piece 79, 8o- of, 231, 236, Keary, C. F, the authority for a Derby 263, 406. moneyer of William II, 143. ,, IV, Scottish gold pieces of, 402. Keithing, Irmer, token of, 403. ,, VI, coins of, 401. Kelts, Book of, forms of letters used in „ of Scotland, sends for the Duke of the, 94. Lennox, 212. „ „ „ reference to, 73, 75, 76, „ orders the change in the com- 77, 78, 79, 8°> 83> 94, mencement of the year, 252. 295, 37o. Jar found with Roman bronze coins on Kells, Trumpet-Major R, group of Little Orme's Head, description of, medals, etc., awarded to, 373. 20. Kempson, Peter, manufacturer of tokens, Jelling, near Veile in Jutland, runic 276, 278. monument at, 82. Kensey, the river, 115. Index. 47

Kent, Lieutenant of, Duke of Lennox Lancaster, London or Bristol\ edge- named, 213. reading on Birchall's token, Kentucky, skins of coon, rabbit and 274. squirrel used as currency in, 321. Lancauetone = Launceston, 108. Kenyon, R. LI., on a Find of Coins at Lancesterton = Launceston, 108. Oswestry, Review of, 352. La/iceuton — Launceston, 115. Kevan, N., tokens of, 325. Landstone = Launceston, 109. King, His Majesty the, Stuart Papers Langport, composite borough and mint published by permission of, 248. of, 165, 167. . " King of Great Britain, France, and „ mint of Harthacnut, 376. Ireland," James I. assumes the title Lanscavetotie = Launceston, 108. of, 174. Lanst= Launceston, 390. King on horseback depicted on the coins Lanstaventum = Launceston, 108. for the first time, 304. Lanstaveto7i = Launceston in charter of Kingdom and coins of Burgred, the, 59- Henry, Bishop of Exeter, 112. 66, 384, 385. La?istefanton = Launceston, 108, 109. Kingsburgh, Lady, and Prince Charles „ meaning of, 108. Edward, 405. Lanstefa7itun = Launceston, 390. " Kingship " coinage, the unquestioned test La7istephado7i= Launceston, 115. of, 93- La/istf= Launceston, 108, 390. Kingston (Hull) mint of Edward I., II. La7isto7ie = Launceston, transfer of Sunday and III., 333. market from, to Dunhevet, 109. Kirkaldy, token commemorating birth of La7istuphadonia = Launceston, 108. Adam Smith at, 277. La7izaue7ito7ia = Launceston, 114. Kirkintilloch, find of Roman coins at Laud MS. of the Chronicle, 071 Oxna- Gartshore, in the parish of, 339, 340. forda in the, 90. Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, seat of Lauderdale MS. of King Alfred's trans- lation of Orosius, 88. a community of, near Aberdeen, Launceston and the Domesday Book, 33°- 108 et seq. ,, Templars, seat of a community „ mint, account of, from of, near Aberdeen, 330. Pipe Rolls of Knot, the Harington, on the Royal Half- Henry II., 114. Farthing Tokens, 187, 189, 190, 216. „ „ of iEthelraed II., Ivnyvet, Thomas Lord, commissioner on coins of, 107 et mint matters, 210. seq., 390. Kopeck = a lance, 318. " Koudma " on leather currency, 318. ,, . ,, ,, Harold I., coin Kouny = sable, marten, 320. of, 110. Krioutchki of leather, 319. ,, ,, „ William I., 110- Kiichler, the engraver, 309. 112, 140, 171, Kyning, use of the word, 79, 80. 39°- „ „ „ William II., 119, 171, 39°- L. ,, „ „ Henry I., 113, L, the letter, on the Ohsnaforda coins, 39°- 77- „ ,, ,, Stephen, 113, Lacedemonians use leather for currency, 39°- 312. „ ,, „ Henry II., 114, Lacy, llbert de, borough owned by, 169. 39°- Lake, Lady, and the Countess of Exeter, „ records in Pipe Rolls of 214. coins of Henry II., struck Lancaster, coins erroneously allocated to, at, 107. 39°- „ retains its liberties as a free borough, 109. 4 Index.

Launceston, simple borough and mint of, Leicester, mint of William I, 120, 140, 168, 169. 145, 171- „ Sir Francis Crane returned „ „ II-, 140, 171- for Penryn and, 214. ,, ,, Stephen, 288, Laurel and its sub-divisions, introduction ,, one of the five towns known of the, 175. as the Five Burghs, 92, 93. Laver, Philip, exhibits by, 369. ,, the bishop's see removed from, Lawanston = Launceston, 113. in 874, 92. LAWRENCE, L. A, F R.C.S., Director-.— Lemnos, traders from, and the currency, A remarkable penny of King Alfred, ' 311- 101-106, 363. Lennox, Duke of, 183, 184, 188, 189, Forgery in relation to Numismatics 195, 212, 213. (continued), 281-290. „ „ „ made chief com- Lawrence, L. A, exhibits by, 363, 367, missioner to watch 373, 375, 39i, 392, against the Spanish 401. Armada, 212. „ „ on The Coinage of „ „ „ made Lord High Henry IV., review Admiral, 212. of, 35°- ,, ,, ,, offers to purchase the Lawrie, Sir A. C, the authority quoted patent for making with reference to certain facts relating Royal Farthing to Henry, Prince of Scotland, 347 Tokens, 184, 211. et seq. ,, Farthings, size and weight of, Le Pooter, J. A, engraving of Prince 194. James on horseback by, 240. „ „ varieties of the, 194, Lead examples in, probably used as 195- working patterns of coins of ,, Duke of, patent for making Royal William II, 286. Farthings taken over by, 183. „ issue of tokens in, 181, 211. ,, oval Farthing Tokens, 204, 205, „ London penny of William II. in, 207, 217. 136. " Lennox " period of Farthing Tokens, „ mines in Yorkshire, 210. 183, 184, 188, X89, 190, 194, 195, 204, Leaden tokens, Royal tokens issued to 205, 207, 216, 217. stop the circulation of the, Leslie, John, Bishop of Rosse, 326. 19X. „ the Chaplain, description of Prince ,, coins; see Forgery in relation James Stuart by, 266. to Numismatics. Lettering, characteristics of, of the time Leather currency, 311-328. of Alfred, 103. „ substance wrapped in, and used „ of the inscription on the as money by the Cartha- Ohsnaforda Type, 71 et ginians, 312. seq. „ used as money by the ancient Letters, forms of, common to the Book of Egyptians, 311. Leeds, moulds for imitation denarii found Kells and the Ohsnaforda at, 340. coins, 94. ,, private token, 273. „ mistakes in, made by cuneators Legend, Design and, on the Royal in preparing dies, 71, 72. „ or figures on the Harington half- Farthing Tokens, 185, 186. farthings, 192, 193, 216. Leicester, composite borough and mint Leven, Loch, token, 403. of, 165. „ mint of Cnut, 120. Levi of 39, Piccadilly, 272. ,, ,, Edward the Confessor, Levinge, Sir R, Historical Records by, 120, 140, 145. 378, 379- „ „ Harold II, 120. , Lewes, composite borough and mint of, 165. Index. 4

Lewes, mint of ^Ethelraed II., 151. Lincoln, moulds for imitation denarii ,, ,, Edward the Confessor, found at, 34c. I5I- ,, one of the five towns known as ,, ,, Harold II., 151, 282. the Five Burghs, 92, 93. ,, ,, William I., 122, 151, 160, Lincolnshire, staters found in, 3, 4. 172, 282, 285: Lingard on the visit of Offa to Rome, 295. ,, ,, William II., 122, 128, Lingwell Gate in Yorkshire, moulds for 160, 172, 283. imitation denarii found at, 340. „ „ Henry I., 151, 160. Linlithgow, Palace of, leather money Lewis, remnant of Spanish expedition made at the, 327. lands on the Island of, 263. Lions or hardheads, find of, temp. Mary Leyden, leather money used at siege of, and Francis, in Aberdeen, 330, 406, 407. 3i6> 3t7- Lithuania, St. George and the dragon on Liberties pertaining to a free borough, coins of, 318. no. Little Orme's Head, North Wales, a find Licinius I., coins of, 34, 35, 49, 50. of Roman bronze „ ,, ,, „ in the Little Orme's coins on the, 17- Head Find, 22, 23. ,, „ types of coins of, in the Little 3i, 389- Orme's Head Find, 24-27. ,, ., ,, circumstances of the Liebermann, reference to his Die Gesetze find of Roman der Angelsachsen, no. bronze coins on Ligny, sterlings of Gauleran II. de the, 20, 21. Luxemburg, Lord of, 333. ,, ,, ,, Find, conjectures as Lincoln, Bishop of, borough owned by, to the origin of 168. the, 22. composite borough and mint of, ,, „ ,, Find, general sum- 165. mary of varieties mint of iEthelraed II., 137, 138, of types in the, 23. 141. I47> 151, xS9- „ „ „ Find, Weights of „ „ Cnut, 129, 141, 147, 150, the coins in the, i5iJ IS9- 28. „ „ Harold I., 147, 151, Liverpool, Payable in Anglesey, London or, 158, 388. edge-reading or Birchall's private token, „ ,, Harthacnut, 120. 274. „ ,, Edward the Confessor, Llandudno, on the Roman road to, 19. 125, 129, 137, 138, Lobki = Head or face, 319. i47. 148, IS1, 159- Lochmaben, A Hoard of Edward Pennies „ „ Harold II., 125, 137. found at, 349, 350. ,, ,, William I., 120, 121, Lochmaben, Jacobite medals distributed 125, 129, 137, 138, at, 246. 141, 148, 150, 151, „ find of Irish coins of the 153, 154, 155, 159, Edwards at, 349. 160, 162, 171. Lock of hair of Prince Charles Edward, ,, „ William II., 121, 126, story told concerning, 405. 129, 137, 141, 147, Locket and brooch given by Prince 158, 159, 160, i7i- Charles Edward to Flora Macdonald, „ „ Henry I., 125, 126, 159. description of, 404 et seq. „ ,, Stephen, 289. Lockhart Papers, reference to, 243, 244, „ „ Henry III., 290. 246. ,, „ Henry III., forgery of, Lombard Street, find of medalets of Prince 290. James near, 241. „ ,, Edward I., II. and III., London, composite borough and mint of, 166. 333, 35°- 4 Index.

London, find of coins of Alfred the Great London, mint of Henry I, 122, 124, 130,, in, 63, 64, 385. 135, *36, 140, 141. I5°, „ „ „ „ Burgred in, 63, 155, 157, 161, 163, 286. 64, 385-. ,, „ Henry I, forgery of the,, 55 55 55 55 55 Ethelred in, 63, 286. 64, 385. ,, ,, Stephen, 122, 124, 140, ,, „ „ late sceattas in, 63, 64, 155, 288. 38s- „ ,, Stephen, forgery of the, 288.. „ „ ,, a hoard of Saxon „ „ Henry II, 376. Pennies in the City ,, ,, Edward I, II. and III,, in 1872 of, 115. 333, 35°- ,, government of, entrusted to 55 55 Henry IV, 392. the ealdorman Ethelred, „ „ „ VII, 361. 92. „ ,, production equal in quality „ medal of Prince James Stuart to that of the best with view of, 268. Roman, 29. ,, mint, 29. „ „ Roman coins of, 32, 33, ,, ,, in the Little Orme's Head 34, 35, 36, 37, Find, 389. 38, 39, 4°, 41, 42, ,, ,, of ./Ethelrsed II., 120, 122, 43, 44, 45, 46,. 123, 124, 128, 134, 135, 47- 136, 140, 141, 145, 147, 1 ,, „ „ coins of, repre- 149, 57, 161, 162, 163. sented in the „ „ „ Cnut, 120, 122, 123, 124, Little Orme's 128, 129, 130, 134, 135, Head Find, 21. 136, 139, 140, 141, 145, ,, ,, „ subsignations of the- 146, 147, 149, 161, 162, 29. 163. ,, monogram penny of Alfred, coin „ „ „ Harold I., 122, 124, 128, overstruck on, 10 r. 134, i35, 140, 141, i45, „ ,, type of Alfred, 102., 147, 149, 161, 162, 163. „ penny of William II. in lead, 136- „ ,, „ Harthacnut, 124, 134, 135, ,, restored by King Alfred, 92. 140, 141, 149. „ taken by the Danes, 61. Edward the Confessor, 119, ,, The whole of the clipped money 120, 122, 123, 124, 128, coined into new in, 1695-1697, ,, ,, ,, 129, W J34, 135, t36, 226. 140, 141, 145, 147, 149, „ The whole of the hammered 157, 159, 162, 163. money coined into new in,. „ Harold II, 135, 136, 140, 1695-1697, 226. 146, 157, 161, 163. ,, The whole of the plate and ingot ,, William I, 119, 120, 122, coined into new money in, 123, 124, 127, 128, 129, 1695-1697, 227. 13°, I33, 134, 135, *36, London or Bristol,, Lancaster, edge- 139, J4°, 141, 144, 145, reading on Birchall's. 149, ^o, J54, 157, 159, token, 274. 162, 163, 171, 285. ,, ,, Liverpool, Payable in Angle- „ William II, 119, 120, 121, sey, edge-reading on 122, 124, 125, 128, 129, Birchall's private token, 13°, r34, 135, x36, 274. 141, 146, 147, 150, 155, Long cross pennies, issue of the, 298. 157, 159, 161, 162, 163, "Looking-glass" letters, 71, 72. 171. Lorraine, Due de, 257. „ William II, forgery of the, LOUDOUN AND MOIRA on a silver 286. oval badge, 403. Index. 4

Louis IV., Count of Flanders, sterlings of, Macdonald, George, on a Hoard of 333- Edward Pennies found at ,, IX., issues a leather currency, 315. Lochmafcen, 349, 350. „ XIV and his treaty with Charles „ George, review of his paper II., 222. on A Recent Rind of „ „ death of, 258. Roviaji Coins in Scotland, ,, „ likeness of Prince James to 339, 34°- his cousin, 240. MacFarlane, on the " New Scheme," 254. ,, ,, sends fleet and troops to Mackenzie, Sheriff, donation of book by. Scotland with Prince 353. James, 244. Macleod, Mrs., daughter of Flora Mac- ,, „ Thomassin, engraver to the donald, 406. Court of, 234. Madan, Falconer, reference to his Louisa, medal with bust of Princess, 235. Collection, 96. „ Princess, sister of Prince James, Magnentius, find of coins of, 342. 241. „ „ „ „ at Croydon, Louth, simple borough of, 168. Ludica, of Mercia, 59. 34i, 342- Ludwick, Duke of Lennox, takes over the Magnus Maximus, the last of the Roman patent for making Royal farthings, 183. Emperors to strike coins in Britain, Jhugdunwm — Lyons, 30. 293- Luxemburg, sterlings of John, Count of, as Mailliet, Col., leather pieces in sale of, 317. King of Bohemia and Poland, 333. "Maint," mint of William I., 129. Lydford, composite borough and mint of, Maish, W. M., exhibits by, 360, 403. 166, 167. Malcolm or David I., forgery of Matilda ,, mint, coins of, 108. with reverse copied from a Lyons mint, 26, 27, 28, 29. coin of, 287. „ „ coins of, in the Little Orme's ,, III., coins of, 401. Plead Find, 21. Malcolmson Brothers, leather money ,, ,, moulds for imitation denarii issued by, 327, 328. found at, 340. Maldon, composite borough and mint of, „ „ Roman coins of, 51, 52, 57, 166. 53. „ mint of ./Ethelraed II., 124. ,, ,, subsignations of the, 30. „ „ „ Cnut, 124. „ „ Harold I., 163. „ „ „ William I., 123, 124, M. 146, 171. „ „ ,, „ H-, 123, 146, M, prototype of the gallows-shaped, 77. 163, 171. „ table of forms assumed in different Malet, Robert, borough owned by, 168. periods by the letter, 100. Malines, Gerard, see Malynes Gerard. ,, the letter, on. the Ohsnaforda coins, 77. Malmesbury, composite borough and mint M. Bros. — Malcolmson Bros., leather of, 166. tokens for, 327, 328. ,, mint of Edward the Con- MLL = London, 26. fessor, 129. „ „ „ William I., 129, MLN = London, 29. 8 1 M, N and H, similarity of, in the Rustic i3 , 53, 17 2- „ „ William II., 153, hand, 83. 172. MSL = London, 29. ,, ,, „ William II., forger- Macaulay, Lord, and the state of religion ies of, 283. in reign of Charles II., 219. „ William of, the chronicler, Macdonald, Flora, locket and brooch 91, 92. given by Prince Charles Malplaquet, Chevalier de St. George at, Edward to, 404 et seq. 246. 4 Index.

Maltravers Farthings, size and weight of, |I Marcellinus, Ammianus, the Roman his- 200. torian, 29. ,, „ varieties of, 201. Marcus, Aurelius, find of a coin of, at ,, Lord, 183, 184, 190, 200, I Mortlach, 329. 215- ,, ,, find of denarii of, „ ,, patent granted to, to at Gartshore, 340. make a new sort of Marischal College, Aberdeen, founded farthing token, 183, partly on site of the Grey Friars Monas- 215. tery, 330. „ oval farthing token, 204, 206, Marklinn, portrait of Flora Macdonald by, 207, 217. 406. " Maltravers " period of farthing tokens, Marlborough, Duke of, Louis XIV.'s 183, 184, 190, 197, 200, 201, 204, 206, supposed ruse to cause 207, 217. recall of, from the Con- Malynes, Gerard, 182, 189, 209, 2x2. tinent, 245. „ „ agent of Lord Harington, ,, Bedwin mint transferred 182, 184, 211. to, by William I, 168, „ ,, an essay master of the 169, 170. mint, 210. ,, mint of William I, 132, „ Peter, manufacturer of Haring- 172. ton tokens, 182. TT T"2 „ Samuel, manufacturer of Haring- ,, J, ,, 5, -LJ-'5 O , . ton tokens, 182. 172. Man, leather money issued in the Isle of, „ simple borough and mint 327- of, 168, 169. „ the circulation of the St. Patrick's Marshall, extract from his " Milled Pence in the Isle of, 221. Coinage," on the silver of William III, Manchester, Lord, extract from letter of 228. the, 241. Martin, C. T, reference to, and The Manchoo dynasty succeed the Ming, Record I?iterpreter, 108. 3I3- ... „ Sir Richard, commissioner on Mandeville, Sir John, quotation from, on mint matters, 210. the use of imprinted leather as money I Mary and Francis, find of lions or hard- in Tartary, 314. heads of, in Aberdeen, 330, 406, Manners, John, Marquess of Granby, steel 407. seal of, 361. ,, Beatrice, mother of Prince James, Manuscript relating to the Great Recoinage 242, 243. of William III., 1695-1699, 223 et Mary of Modena, reference to, 239, 240, seq. 241, 242, 243, 246, 254. Manuscripts, the British Museum Guide Mary, Philip and, reference to Newport, to the, extract from, 99. Cornwall, temp., 116. „ Twelve Facsimiles of Old „ Queen, leather money issued by, English, Extract from, 327- 97, 93. Masonic Token, variety of edge-reading Mar, the Earl of, 256. on Birchall's private token, 274. ,, „ ,, escape of, 260. Matilda and Stephen, illustrations of „ ,, ,, instructions for the Scottish forgeries of coins of Henry I, arms, etc., on the seals,1 ! 286-289. given by, 263. , „ coins of, 158, 287. „ „ ,, on the personal appearance ,, forgeries of coins of, 287. of Prince James Stuart,2 ' Maurice, M, and his interpretation of 267. , certain abbreviations on Roman coins, 31- „ raises the standard of the Chevalier r Mavortius, consul in the year 527, 84. in 1715, 258. Maxentius, 26. Index. 43

Maximian attempts to regain control of Merefin, Peter, Pires Mer, the moneyer =, the empire, 26, 27. 376. Maximianus Hercules, abdication of the Merrick, Bishop, 327. joint Emperors Method of coining the Richmond Diocletian and, farthings, 198-200. recorded on Micat inter Omnes, medal, 402. Roman coins, Michiele, Doge of Venice and the 26. Crusades, 316. „ ,, and the mint at ,, Doge of Venice strikes leather Richborough, 30. money, 316. „ „ coins of, 32, 47. Middlebourg, leather eaten by the starving in the inhabitants of, 317. Little Middleton, Lord, and Prince James Orme's Stuart, 243. Head Milan, leather money used at the siege of, Find, 316. 22. Milbourne, composite borough and mint ,, „ types of coins of, of, 166, 167. in the Little Mill-and-screw process introduced and Orme's Head re-introduced into England, 306. Find, 23, 26, "Mill sixpences," 352. 27. Milton, Badge of the Needlemakers' Maximilian, Emperor, and leather jettons, Company by, 369. 322> 323- „ J., manufacturer of tokens, 278. Maximinus Daza, 26. Ming or "Bright" dynasty, leather notes „ „ coins of, 33, 34, 48. issued by, 313. „ „ ,, in the Little Mint, every borough temp. .-Ethelstan Orme's Head possessed a, 170. Find, 22. „ Gerard Malynes, an assay master ,, ,, types of coins of, in the of the, 210. Little Orme's Head „ in Norman times and later, the Find, 24, 27. Tower of London, the chief, 112. MAVS, the meaning of the contraction, „ in the Tower, James I. and his 34i- Queen visit the, 173, 174, 373. Mayfield Factory, Portlaw, leather money „ The Deputy Master of the, don- issued by Malcolmson Bros, of, 327, ation of book by, 372. 328. Mint-marks and dates of silver coins of Medals bearing the legend Jacobus III. James I, 176, 177, 178, or Jacobus VIII., Patterns and, 229- 179. 270, 406. „ on the copper and silver Mediaeval, later, period of art on the coinage of James I. and English coinage, 294, 300- Charles I., a comparison 302. of the, 187. „ period of art on the English „ on the Royal farthing tokens, coinage, 294-299. 186, 187, 188, 192, 193, Meitelejon, John, token of, 403. 194, I9Si J97, 198, 2oi, Members of the British Numismatic 204, 205, 206, 207, 2x6, Society, 411 et seq. 217. Mensarius, the term, 91. "Minter," the derivation of, 91. Mercia, Ceolwlf made King of, 62. Mints, moneyers and their, 119-163. ,, Danes renew the invasion of, 6r. „ The Histories of the, of William ,, Kingdom of, 59 et seq. I. and II., 117-172. Mercians, the parts of England inhabited ,, to boroughs, theories deduced on by the free, 92. the relation of, 170. 44 Index.

Missals utilised in making money, 317. Montgomerie, Hon. Robert, 213. Mistakes, varieties of, made by cuneators, Montraive treasure trove, find of groats, 71 ttf seq. half-groats, and pennies known as the, MO, suggestions for its meaning, 90 et 332- seq. Montreal, Numismatic and Antiquarian Modena, Mary of, 243. Society of, donation of medal by, 373. Modern period of art, general character- Monumenta PalaeographicaPalaeographica,, ed. Dr. Anton istics of the, Chroust, extract from, 99. 306. Monumental Letters, H. M. N. R., 100. „ „ ,, on the English Moore, General, and the Jacobite crown, coinage, 294, 256. 306-310. Mordki = head or snout, 319. „ „ ,, two distinct styles More MS. of Bede's "H.E," H.E," IV. I., traceable to, reference to, 76. 306. Morley, C., leather token of, 328. Moion, William de, borough owned by, MORRIESON, LIEUT.-COL. H. W., R.A., 169. Librariati:—Librarian:— Monck, J. B., forty-shilling gold token The Busts of James I. on his Silver issued by, 388. Coinage, i73"i73~rr79> 373- Moneta, the term, 90. Morrieson, Lieut.-Col. H. W., coin of, 407. Monetarii = " moneyers" and again „ „ „ „ donation "money-changers," 92. of proof Monetario, the term, 90. of the Monetarius, the term, 90, 91. Society's " Money-changer," confusion between book " moneyer " and, 91. plate, 384. Moneyer, a person of considerable Morris, John, Paisley, electrotype of an wealth and importance, unpublished counter-marked Spanish 376. dollar issued by, 381. „ fined for making false coin, Mortain, Earl of, borough owned by, 168. 288. ,, the Count of, his connection „ " men of the," artizans who with Dutihevet, did the manual work at the 109. mint, 376. ,, ,, „ ,, his connection Moneyers' craft probably closely guarded, with Launces- 118. ton, 108, 109. „ names probably perpetuated in Mortemor, Ralph de, borough owned by, same families, 118. 169. ,, and their mints, 119-163. Mortlach, find of a coin of Antoninus Pius ,, number of, to a borough, no. at, 329. ,, of the various types of Burgred, ,, ,, „ Marcus Aure- list of, 64-66. lius at, 329. ,, of William I. and II., 117 et seq. Mortlake, tapestry works established at, „ „ „ „ „ names of, 213, 214. mostly of Saxon or Danish origin, 118. Morton's half-groat of Henry VII., 388. Mons, sterlings of John d'Avesnes, Count MOSTP = Treves, 30. of Hainault and Holland, struck at, MOSTQ = Treves, 30. 333. MOSTS = Treves, 30. Mont St. Michel, Abbot of, 351. MOSTT = Treves, 30. Montagu, H., reference to his work on Moulds for the manufacture of denarii, The Copper, Tin cmd Bronze finds of, 340. Coinage, 201. Mount = the Grampians, 329. „ Collection, coins from the, 104, Mowat, M., on the meaning of the contrac- 107, 116. tion MAVS, 341. Index. 4

Mule coins and the sequence of types of Newcastle mint of Edward I, II. and Edward the Confessor, 342, 343. III-, 333, 35°- ,, pieces of Charles I, 407. „ upon-Tyne, Duke of Lennox "Munth" = the Grampians, 329. created Earl of, 213. Murdoch cabinet, coins from, 112. Newport, Cornwall, Members of Parlia- Myneter, the term, 91. ment first summoned for the Mynydd Pentre, 19. borough of, in 1529, 115, 116. ,, earliest notice of the Cornish, 1274, 115. N. ,, near Launceston, coins of Edward the Confessor, N, Table of forms assumed in different attributed to, 115. periods by the letter, 100. „ simple borough and mint of, N, the letter, on the Oshuaforda coins, 77, 168, 169. 78. Niweport, La, = Newport, Cornwall, N. H. & M, similarity of, in the Rustic "5- hand, 83. Noble, half-noble and quarter-noble N, or R, the liability of confusion of the current from Edward III. to Edward letter H with, 84 et seq. IV, 301. Namur, Marquis of, Count of Flanders, Nogata = an Esthonian local term for sterlings of Gui de Dampierre, 334. skins or hides, 319. Napier, Sir W, 378. Norgate, authority quoted with reference NB = MB =Made beaver, 320. to certain facts relating to Henry, Neck, reference to the report by, of the Prince of Scotland, 347 et seq. Northampton find, 350. Norman Conqueror, attempt to reproduce Needes, E. E, donation' of forgery in gold features in the moustache of of noble of David II. of the, 303. Scotland, 373. „ Dykes, a Roman military camp, „ „ „ exhibits by, 373, 4°3- known locally as, 329. Needlemakers' Company, badge of the, ,, money identical in style with the 369- Saxon, 298. NELSON, PHILIP, M.D. :— ,, times, the Tower of London the Some Notes on the Great Recoinage of chief mint in, 112. William III, 1695-1699, 223-228. „ E.R, seal of, 361. Nelson, Philip, reference to his paper on Normandy, marten or weasel skin a the Copper, Tin, and Pewter Coinage of tribute in, 315. Ireland, 201, 219 et seq. North-West Company, beaver skin tokens Nennius, reference to Cair Segont (Carnar- of the, 320, 321. von) by, 18. Northampton, composite borough and Nero, find of a Greek coin of, at Burghead, mint of, 166. „ find, reference to report 329- of the, 350. „ Roman silver coins found in Scot- „ Henry, Prince of Scotland, land are as a rule not earlier than made Earl of, 347. the time of, 340. ,, mint of William I, 153, Netherlands from Spanish domination, the 172. revolt of the Dutch, 219. „ „ „ Henry I, 287. Neville's Cross, earthenware vessel con- Northumberland, Earl Henry raises an taining coins found at, 349. army in, 348. New Corbey, the monastery, John the ,, (except Newcastle and Old-Saxon probably came from, 89. " New Scheme," a memoir presented to Bamborough), Henry, the Court of Versailles in 1709, 254. Prince of Scotland, Newark, simple borough and mint of, receives Earldom of, 168. 347- VOL. III. 2 II 4 Index.

Northumbria invaded by the Danes, 59, Nottingham, mint of William I., 123, 60. I27, 137, 138, Norway, coin of Haakon VII. of, 388. .!43, 149, 172* H. M. the King of, letter " JJ JJ William II., 127, accepting Royal Membership 143, x47i 162, from 382, 383. 163, 172. Norwich, an account of the new money JJ JJ JJ Henry I., 143, coined in, 1695-1697, 225, 162. 226, 227, 228. ,, one of the five towns known ,, composite borough and mint as the " Five Burghs," of, 166. 92, 93- ,, hammered money brought into, Novgorod., payment of taxes made in skins to be coined in 1697, 224, by people of, 314. 225. Numa Pompilius, leather used for money „ mint of ^Ethelrsed II., 135, in reign of, 313. 159- Numismatics, forgery in relation to, 281- „ „ Cnut, 141. 290. „ „ Harold I., 124. „ Popular, by J. B. Caldecott, ,, ,, ,, Edward the Con- 373, 374- fessor, 124, 135, 141, 158. Nuport Burgh = Newport (Cornwall), ,, „ „ Harold II., 141. "5- „ „ „ William I., 119, 135, 0. 139, 140, 141, 144, 148, 158, 159, 171. O, the letter, on the Ohsnaforda coins, 78. „ „ William II., 119, O HANT, probable reading ON ANT, 124, 128, 135, 141, 344- 144, 162, 171. Oakham Church, monuments in, 379. •,, „ „ Henry I., 135, 144- Oates, Titus, and the Catholics, 219. 159- Observations on the coins of the Ohsna- „ „ „ Stephen, 228, 289. forda type in the British Museum, 68 ,, clipped and hammered money et seq. coined into new in, 1695- O'Curry, Eugene, reference to his Lectures 1697, 226. o?i the MS. Materials of Ancient Irish ,, plate coined into new money in, History, 96. 1695-1697, 227. Ocx, possible origin of the spelling, 86. Note on coin clippings and church plate Oddfellows, badge of the Loyal Caledonian in Derbyshire, a, 337. Lodge of, 402. ,, on St. Patrick's Pence, A, 219-222. Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, 351. Notes on the great re-coinage of William Offa, art on coins of, probably not III., 1695-1699, Some, 223-228. influenced by that of the ,, on the Private Tokens, their Continent, 295. Issuers and Die-sinkers, 271- „ coins of, 281, 294 et seq. 279. „ first period of mediaeval art extends Nottingham besieged by Burgred and from reign of, 294. Ethelred, 60. ,, forgeries of, 281. .,, composite borough and „ his supposed visit to Rome, 295. mint of, 166. „ the artistic merit of the coins of, .„ find of a coin temp. Charles 295 et seq. I. at, 369. „ Celtic and Saxon illuminated „ mint of Edward the Con- manuscripts probably inspired fessor, 143. the art on the coins of, 295. „ „ „ Harold II., 137, „ the reverse designs found on the 149. coins of, 295, 296. Index. 4

Officers and Council of the Society, Session Ohsnaforda type, the inscription on the . i9°6) 355- Oxford pennies of „ ,, „ of the Society, the, 67-100, 370. Session 1907, 399, „ ,, weight of the coins 400. of the, 68 et Offiana of the mint, the term, 30. seq. OGDEN, WILLIAM SHARP :— Ohso = ox, 86. A Find of Roman Bronze Coins on the Okehampton, simple borough of, 168. Little Orme's Head, North Wales, 17- Oksnaforda, an incorrect reading of 31. 389- Ohsnaforda, 79. A note on St. Patrick's Pence, 219-222. Old-Saxon influence in reign of Alfred, Ogden, W. Sharp, donation of facsimiles an incident tending to show, 89. of the seals of Owen OM for ON on coin of Harold II, Glendwr, 359. 284. „ „ ,, engraving presented by, Omega, Alpha and, on penny of ^Ethelned 240. II, 108. j) >, ij exhibits by, 373, 389, OMNIA • FACIT • IPSE • SERENA, 404. the legend, on a medal of Prince James, 'O'Hagan, H. Osborne, coins of, 407. 233- „ „ „ exhibits by, 407. ON — of or in, in. OHSNAFORDA = OXNAFORDA, 370. " on strap," probable origin of the Ohs = ox, 86. expression, 328. Ohsna, meaning of, 89. ONSNA = OHSNA, 76. Ohstiaforda — at Oxford, 90. Ordericus the chronicler and Henry, .1Ohsnaforda coins, forms of letters used Prince of Scotland, 348. on the, 94. Orme, find of coins of Carausius in the „ „ grammar and meaning pass of the Little, 20. of the inscription on Ormonde, 258. the, 89. Orosius, the Lauderdale MS. of King „ „ J. R. Green and the, 93. Alfred's translation of, 88. „ „ the palseographical pro- ORSNA = OHSNA, 79. blem presented by Orsnaforda — Ohsnaforda, 71, 370. the, 81 et seq. „ coins of Alfred, concerning ,, pennies, probable date of the so-called, 67 et issue of, 92, 93, 371. seq. „ the orthography of the Orthography of the mint name Ohsnaforda, mint name, 86-89. the, 86, 89. „ type, a gilded specimen of Osbercht, King of Northumbria, defeated the, 70. and slain at York, 60. .„ • „ classification of the Ostia, the port of Rome, coins attributed coins in the British to, 30. Museum of the, Oswestry, a find of coins temp. Charles 69. I. at, 352. „ „ observations on the „ find of coins temp. James I. at, coins in the British 177. Museum of the, Ousna, the accidents which support the 68 et seq. erroneous reading of, 81. ,, „ relative position of Ousnaforda, reasons for the "impossibility" the reverse with of, 81. that of the obverse „ the misreading, due to the on coins of the, 70. supposed presence of the .„ „ the coins of the—the letter U on a coin of the work of the several Ohsnaforda series, 80, 81. engravers, 370. Ouchki = Ears, 319. 2 2 4 Index.

Oudenarde, " Chevalier de St. George" Oxford, mint of William I., 120, 124, 141, at, 246. I43, 147, 1 57J „ defeat of the French at, and 163, 172. its consequences, 253. ,, „ „ ,, II., 119, 120, Oudma on leather currency, 318. 129, 130, 131, Oval Farthing Tokens, 202-207,217. 141, 157, 163^ „ ,, „ reasons for sup- 172. posing that they „ „ Henry I., 119, 157. were probably „ „ John, forgery of, 290. struck for Ire- „ „ „ Charles I., 379, 380, 381. land, 202 et Pennies of the OHSNAFORDA seq. type, the Inscription on the, ,, „ „ were probably not 67-100, 370. intended for use Oxford Silver Pejmies, The, reference to^ in Scotland, 203. monograph by C. L. Stainer's,. „ ,, ,, were probably not 67 et seq. intended to be „ sixpence, die for an, probably used in common used in striking a remarkable with the round half-unite of Charles I., 407. tokens, 202, 203. Oxfordshire less molested by the Danes Oval Royal Farthing Tokens, the, 185, than other counties, 92, 93. 186, 188. Oxnaford, first appearance of, in Saxon " Over-striking" as a guide to the Chronicle, 87. detection of forgeries, 103. P. ,, „ importance of the study of, 105 et seq. Page, Samuel, exhibits by, 369. „ ,, not to be confused with Paindran, Manor of, 108. double-striking on Paisley, electrotype of an unpublished coins, 105. counter-marked Spanish dollar „ „ some notes on, 105, issued by John Morris, 381. 106, 352. „ Priory of, 278. Owen Glendwr, description of the seals ,, private token, a rare, 278. of, 359, 36°- Paleologi, the art of the age of the, and Ox, words used for, in various early the Saxon penny, 297. dialects, 86. Papal arms and cipher to be borne Oxa = ox, 86. 011 the Jacobite coinage suggested by Oxford, composite borough and mint of, Fountaine, 259. 166. Paper, coins of, manufactured as offerings „ date of first appearance of the by devout worshippers, 340. name of, 93. Parchment, rolls of, used as money by ,, J. R. Green and Alfred's mint at, the ancient Egyptians, 311. .93- Parker, MS. of the Saxon Chronicle, 73, „ mint of Alfred, 93. 79-81, 86, 90. „ „ „ iEthelreed II., 124, 163. PARL = Aries, 30. „ „ „ Cnut, 124, 141, 163. Parma, leather money used at the siege „ „ „ Harold I., 120, 124, 141, of, 316. 147. PARSONS, H. ALEXANDER :— „ ,, ,, Harthacnut, 120, 124, Art and the Coins of England, 291- 141. 310, 367- ,, ,, „ Edward the Confessor, Parsons, H. Alexander, coins of, 310. 120, 124, 141, 143, 147, „ „ „ exhibits by, 367. I57, 163- Passe, Simon, portrait of James I. on. „ „ ,, Harold II., 124. plaque, attributed to, 178. Index. 4

Pasteboard, use of money of, at siege of Penrhyn manor house and ruins, 19. Leyden, 317. Penryn and Launceston, Sir Francis Crane Pasti, Matteo, the artist, 303. returned for, 214. Pastoral Care of Pope Gregory, reference Penwortham, simple borough of, 168. to, 85, 88, 97. Pershore, simple borough of, 168. Patentees of Royal Farthing Tokens, Persia, hides and furs used as money in, their offence against the State, 192. 3I4- Patna, mint of the East India Co., 361. Perth, Duke of, 243. Patterns and medals bearing the legend „ entry of Prince James into, in Jacobus III., or Jacobus VIII., 1716, 259. 229-270, 406. ,, halfpenny, 277. ,, for the proposed Jacobite cur- ,, Lord, and Prince James, 241. rency of 1709, and 1716, Peter, Messrs. R. and O. B, reference to, concerning the, 229. and The Histories of Laimceston ,, for token coinage in copper, a?id Dunheved, 108, 115. prepared by Elizabeth, 181. „ the Great, Russian currency re- Pausanias, the Greek historian, and the formed by, 317. use of hides as money, 312. „ ,, „ St. George and the Pavia, Burgred's Queen, dies at, 62. Dragon on coins of, Pawnbroking, a system of, proposed by 318. Gerard Malynes, 211. Peterborough mint of William I, 147, PAXS coins of William I, concerning 172. forgeries struck on, 103. ,, the monk of, the chronicler, ,, pennies, forgeries over struck on, 91, 92. 283. Peterhead, Prince James lands at, 259. Peck, Roger, the moneyer of Cornwall, Pevensey, composite borough and mint of, 114. 166, 167. Pecunia = money, derivation of, 314. „ mint of William I, 121, 172. Pegge, Dr. Samuel, token from the „ „ „ II, 121, 172. collection of, 324. Pewter, issue of tokens in, 181. Pelagius MS, facsimile from, 100. Philhellenic movement, the, 307 et seq. „ Commentaries on the Epistles of Philip and Mary, face to face, busts of, St. Paul by, the letter H in, unique examples in 84. the English cur- Pellet or dot on the reverse of some of rency, 304. the Royal Farthing Tokens, probable „ „ ,, reference to Newport, origin of the, 186. Cornwall, temp., Pembroke mint of Henry I, 362. 116. Pen-y-Ddinas, evidence of walls and pit ,, the First, of France, leather with dwellings of the British on, 17. small silver nail in centre, issued Peneverdant = Penwortham, 168. by, 315- Peninsular medal, 378, 379. „ II. of Macedon, the gold staters Pennies and occasionally their parts the of, prototype of early British only currency in Britain from coins, 292. Offa to Edward II, 295. "Philips," 292. ,, debased state of the, in 1125, Phoenicians found Carthage, 312. 92- Pictavensis, Roger, borough owned by, Penny of King Alfred, a remarkable, 101- 168. 106. Pipe Rolls and the coinage issued in ,, ,, ,, ,, arguments for and Cornwall, 107. against the au- s) thenticity of a of Henry II, 376. remarkable, 103 PIRES MER = Peter Merefin, 376. et seq. PIRES SAL = Peter de Salerna, 37<5- Pisano, the artist, 303. 4 Index

Pistrucci's design of St. George and the Private tokens, their Issuers and Die dragon on the sovereign of George III., Sinkers, Notes on the, 3°4- 271-279. Plato, reference to the use of leather Proceedings of the British Numismatic money by, 312. Society, 1906, 353 et seq. Plegmund, the Archbishop, 88. Proclamation authorising the issue of PLG= Lyons, 30. tokens, extract from, 181. PLN = London, 29. Protestant Church in Ireland established PLON = London, 29. by Henry VIII. and Elizabeth, 221. Plug, the brass, in the St. Patrick's Pence, Prudentius, facsimile from poems of, 100. a thin film of brass not a plug, 222. ,, reference to capital K, in the Plummer, reference to his glossary, Two' poems of, 83, 84. of the Saxon Chronicles Parallel, 88. Prussia, hides and furs used as money in, Pocklington, simple borough of, 169. 3*4- Poictiers, battle of, 315, 316. PT = Treves, 30. Poland, hides and furs used as money in, PTR = Treves, 30. 3*4- Punch-ladle, formerly presented to Sir Political pieces issued by the Catholic William Johnston, 401. party, St. Patrick's Pence Puncheon for shilling of Prince James, were possibly, 222. 262. „ tokens, on the utility of issuing, Puncheons used by Norbert Roettier, and 219 et seq. their possible intended use, 250 ct seq. Polycletus, the sculptor, 312. Punches and anvil, used in counter- Pontefract, simple borough of, 169. marking tokens " BRADFORD Pope on medals, 310. WORKHOUSE," 392, 393. Portcullis, Tudor rose and, on coins, 304. Punctuation, methods of, used in the Portlaw, leather money issued at the linen legend of the Royal Farthing Tokens, works at, 327, 328. and their uses, 186. Portrait of Prince James Stuart, con- Pye, reference to, 274. cerning the youthful, on medals as well as on coin-patterns, 231 et seq. Portraits on coins, introduction of genuine, Q. takes place in the Renaissance period, 3°3-' QARL = Aries, 30. POSVI DEVM ADIYTOREM MEVM, QV^E DEVS CONIVNXIT NEMO the old legend replaced, 173. SEPARET, James I. adopts the legend, Pots found at Croydon, description of two 174. Roman, 341. Quasi-county boroughs and list of, in Poynter, Sir E. J., P.R.A., designer of the Domesday Book, 164, 165, 166. reverses on the florin and shilling of Quatford, simple borough of, 169. 1893, 310. QVIESCAT PLEBS, the legend and its Pre-Elizabethan coins, find of, at South meaning, 220 et seq. Ferriby, 1. Preaux, Abbey of, William II. and the, R. 3S1- " Pretender," first use of the word, 240. R., its various shapes in Anglo-Saxon „• origin of the word, 240. MSS. 85. Pretenders, Lives of the, reference to, 243, „ table of forms assumed in different 244, 246, 257, 258, 265. periods by the letter, 100. Pretoria, Transvaal pond counter-marked „ the letter, on the Ohsnaforda coins, by the British at, 388. 78-80. Private tokens, reasons for the issue of, R. or N., the liability of confusion of the in the time of Eliza- letter H with, 84 et seq. beth, 181. Index. 47

RP = Richborougb, 29. Rex Scotorum type of John Baliol, R.P.S.T. and Q = Richborough, 30. 333. RQ = Richborough, 29. Reynolds, H. M, donation of books by, RS = Richborough, 29. 369- RSR, interpretations of, 29, 30. „ „ exhibits by, 376. RT = Richborough, 29. „ J, and Thomson's Warehouse, Ralph, the Viscount, 351. Glasgow, token of, 403. Ramezay Bicentenary, 1906, Chateau de, Rheinzabern, coins and pot, found in a medal of, 373. stone sarcophagus at, 342. Rare or unpublished coins of Carausius, Rhuddlan, composite borough and mint 34°; 34I- of, 166, 167. Rawlins, Thomas, 305. „ mint of William I, 124. 171. coins by, 379, 380. ,, „ under the Earl of Reading, composite borough and mint of, Chester, 362. 166, 167. Ricard, the moneyer of Exeter = Richard „ mint of yEthelred II, 388. Fitz Estrange, 376. „ the Danes march to, 61. Richard I, Anglo-Gallic coins of, 290. Ready, W. Talbot, coins of, in. ,, ,, coins of, 290. Reasons for supposing a remarkable coin „ ,, forgeries of Anglo-Gallic coins of Alfred to be genuine, 104, 105. of, 290. Rebello, David Alves, 279, 324. „ coins of, 288, Recoinage of William III, 1695-1699, 290. Some Notes on the Great, „ ,, John and Henry III, for- 223-228. geries of coins of Stephen, „ of 1816, the change of art in of David of Scotland, the, 307. Henry II, 289, 290. Recx, possible origin of the spelling, 86. „ „ spelling of Stepney in time of, Regal Titles, first medal of Prince James in. claiming, 1704, 234, 238. „ II, F. A. Walters's theory that the Reginald de Dunstanville, death of, 114. first groats of Henry IV. were Remigius, Bishop, borough owned by, struck from the dies of, 350, 168. 35I- Renaissance, characteristic features of the, „ of Hexham, authority quoted 302. with reference to certain facts ,, period of art, circumstances relating to Henry, Prince of leading up to the, 302. Scotland, 347 et seq. „ period of art on the English Richborough, Antiquities of reference to, coinage, 294, 302-306. 29- ,, period of the, 302. Richborough mint, 29. Renaudot advocates an invasion of ,, „ Roman coins of, 32, Ireland, in 1708, 254. 34, 35, 38, 46, 47- Report of the Council of the Society, 393- „ ,, Roman coins of, re- 399- presented in the Restall, J. A, die-sinker and engraver, Little Orme's Head 273- Find, 21. Retrograde letters, 71, 72. „ „ subsignations of the, Reutha, King of Scotland, 326. 29, 30. Review:— Richelieu, 265. The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal Richmond, Duchess of, 183, 184, 195, of the Royal Numismatic Society, 200, 215. . I9°5, 339~<352- „ farthings, method of coining Revival of letters and the arts in the the, 198-200. fifteenth century, art on coins reappears „ „ size and weight of with the, 291. the, 195. 4 Index.

Richmond farthings, strip of nine im- Roettier, Norbert, the engraver, 229, 230, pressions of, 23i> 232, 233, 234, 198-200, 217. 236, 248, 250, 252, „ „ varieties of, 195 et 253, 256, 261, 263. seq. ,, „ puncheons by, and „ Frances, Dowager Duchess their possible in- of, patent granted to, 183, tended use, 250 et 215. seq. „ Ludovick Stuart, Duke of, „ notes on various dies of John 212, 213. and Norbert, 237, 238. „ oval Farthing Tokens, 204, „ warrant to, to engrave dies in 205, 206, 207, 217. 1708, 252 et seq. ,, period of farthing tokens, Roger, Earl, borough owned by, 169. 183, 184, 190, 195-200, „ „ his castle at Arundel, 167. 204, 205, 206, 207, 216, Roman and Romano-British coins which 217. are attributed to Cornwall, on Riezainy = coupon, 320. the, 107. Risings of 1715 and 1745, medals of the, „ Bronze Coins on the Little Orme's 402. Head, North Wales, A Find Rizzini, Abbe, extract from, 242. of, I7-31, 389- „ note by, on the appearance of „ coins, find of, at Croydon, 341, Prince James, 240. 342- Robert III. de Bethune, sterlings of, ,, „ „ at South Ferriby, 333- 1. Robins, in Old Jewry, leather token of, „ ,, ,, on the banks of 323, 324, 325- the Dee, 329. Rochester, composite borough and mint „ „ from Croydon, 341, 342. of, 166. ,, ,, in Scotland, a recent find ,, mint of Edward the Con- of, 339, 34°. fessor, 148. ,, influence on British coins, 292, ,, „ „ Harold II., 146. 293- „ „ „ William I, 139, „ ,, „ modern art replaced 146, 148, 163, by a revival of 171. Greek, 307 et seq. „ „ „ William II, 123, „ milestone discovered near Carlisle, 139, 146, 163, 34o, 34i- 171. ,, money, substitution of, as cir- }> JJ J) Henry I, 123, 163. culating medium in Britain, Roettier, dies of various medals by John 292. and Norbert, presented to „ style in modern period of art, British Museum, 236. 306. „ John, the engraver, 229, 230, „ type, its origin, 75. 236, 3°6, 3°7- Rome, Burgred dies at, 62. „ James, the engraver, 229, 230. „ Prince James Stuart resides in, „ John, James and Norbert, ap- 265. pointed Engravers-General to „ „ „ „ visits, 232. the mint of England, by Romney, composite borough and mint of, James II. in 1695, 229. 166. ,, John, James and Norbert, con- ,, mint of Cnut, 161. firmed in their appointments „ „ Edward the Confessor, as Engravers-General to the 16.. Mint of England, by Prince „ ,, Harold II, 161. James in 1703, 230. „ „ William I, 121, 143, „ Joseph, the engraver, 203. 160, 161, 171. Index. 4 73

Romney, mint of William II., 132, 142, \ Royal Farthing Tokens of James I., 160, 161, 171. circumstances Rose and portcullis, Tudor, on coins, 304. which led to " Rose farthings," date of introduction of, the alteration 183, 184. in style of ,, „ patent to make, the, 189. granted, 183. „ „ „ shape, size and ROTH, BERNARD, F.R.C.S., Vice-Presi- weight of the, dent :— 185. A Find of Ancient British coins at „ ,, ,, significance of South Ferriby, near Barton-on-Hum- the two scep- ber, Lincolnshire, 1-15, 381, 382. tres on the, Roth, Bernard, coins of, 2, 5, 7, 382. 185- „ exhibits by, 366, 382, „ „ „ The, Part I, 401. 1613 - 1636, ,, „ expression of sympathy 181-217. to, 368. ,, „ „ their unpopu- Rotherham, Archbishop, penny of, 360. larity and a ROTHSAY MILLS. 2/6, half a Spanish reason for dollar countermarked PAYABLE AT, same, 191. 4°3- " Royal Martyr" on Irish coins, the, Rotier, medals to be stamped by, 242. 221. Rotterdam, early seventeenth century Royal Numismatic Society, 1905, The scales, weights and money, made in, Numismatic Chronicle and Jourtial of 373' the, Review of, 339-352. Rouble, from roobit, to chop or cutoff, 320. Ruding, Extracts from, on the great Re- Rouen mint of Henry I., 351. coinage of William III., 228. ''Rouen, Money of," references to, in Runic letters, use of, on English coins, early charters, 351, 352. 82. Round, reference to his Feudal England, Runic Monuments (Stephens), reference 113- to, 82. Roussof, the Russian writer oil leather Russia, leather money issued in, 3x7 coins, 319. et set/. Royal Farthing Tokens, classification of Russian Empire, hides and furs used as the, 188-190. money in the, 314. design and le- Rustic hand, characteristics of the, 72 gend on the, et seq. 185, 186. „ letters, H.M.N.R., 100. „ „ „ general descrip- Ruthven, Lady Jane, married to Duke of tion of, 184, Lennox, 212. . 185. RVTVPIAE = Richborough, 29. 5J „ „ issue of, not a Ryal, or rose-noble, supersedes the noble success at in reign of Edward IV., 301. first, 184. Rye, simple borough of, 169. Ryswick, treaty of, 242. i ,, methods of punctuation used in the legend of the, S. and their uses, 186. S, the letter on the Ohsnaforda coins, 80. 5) „ mint-marks on the, 186,"187, 188, 192, 193, 194, 19S, S.V. on British stater, 3. 197, 198, 201, 204, 205, 206, 207, 216, Sabugal, Battle of, and Sir J. P. Hopkins, 217. 378. 44 Index.

Saddington, T, on Birmingham Work- St. Patrick's Pence, similarity of the design house leather token, 326. on the, to that of Charles I. in the St. Alban, the church of, borough owned Eikon Basilike, 220. by, 169. St. Peter's, Westminster, borough owned „ Alban's, simple borough of, 169. by, 168. „ Alexandre, leather coupons in the St. Stephen, Canons of, 108, 109, 110. monastery of, 318. „ ,, „ ,, borough owned „ Andrew's mint of John Baliol, 333. by, 168. „ Augustine, Church of, borough owned "St. Stephen, money of," 111. by, 168. „ ,, the town of," 390. „ „ of Canterbury, 73, 83. St. Vaast's of Arras, Gospel Book, 74, 82, „ Cuthbert's Gospels in the Cotton MS, 84. 95, 37°- Nero D. V., reference to, 80. Salisbury, composite borough and mint ,, David's, coinage at, in the time of of, 166, 167. William I, 362, 363. „ mint of ^Ethelrasd II, 141. „ „ mint of William I, 159, 172, „ „ „ Cnut, 141. 362. „ „ ,, Harold I, 141. ,, „ simple borough and mint of, ,, „ ,, Harthacnut, 141. 169. „ „ ,, Edward the Confessor, „ Edmund, Church of, boroughs owned 140, 141. by the, 168. „ „ „ William I, 124, 140, „ . Edmundsbury ANT a possible ab- 141, 150, breviation of SANT for, 345. 172, 283. ,, George and the Dragon adopted on ,, ,, » >, IL, 135, I41, the George 148, 150, noble of 152, 172. Henry ,, ,, „ Henry I, 150, 286. VIII, 304. Saltcoats Collier)', two tokens of, 362. design, 308. Sandwich, composite borough and mint ,, „ „ „ on coins of of, 166. Lithuania, „ mint of William I, 119, 121, 318. 123,141, on the 171. leather ,, ,, „ „ II, T 21, 122, money of 124, 163, Rus si a, 171. 3x8. „ „ „ Henry I, 163. "St. George, Chevalier de," fights for Sansun the moneyer, a tenant of the France, 246. Bishop of Winchester, 345. St. Liz, half-brother of Henry, Prince of Sarcophagus, find of a stone at, Scotland, claims the earldoms of Rheinzabern, 342. Huntingdon and Northampton, SARL = Aries, 30. 347, 348. SASCTI STEFANII = Sancti „ Patrick expelling the reptiles from S/efani, Ireland, the political signi- in. ficance of, 22 r. ,, „ unusual „ ,, on the Irish coins, 220. characteristics of the legend, 111. ,, Patrick's farthing, silver proof of, 367. Saxon coins after Offa, decline of art on „ „ Pence, A Note on, 219-222. the, 296. „ „ „ issue of, for currency ,, illuminated manuscripts, pre-emi- in Ireland, 219. nence of the Celtic and, 295. ,, ,, ,, possibly political „ Pennies in the City of London in pieces issued by the Catholic party, 1872, find of a hoard of, ii5- Index. 47

Saxon Pennies, introduction of the, 294. Scotland, the oval farthing tokens were „ penny, correct weight of the, 69. probably not intended for use Scales, weights, and money, early in, 203. seventeenth century, made in „ treasure trove in the North of, Rotterdam, 373. 329-335, 406, 407. Scandinavian, devices on the sceattas, „ warrant ordering the making and 294. engraving of the seal of, 248. Scarpe, the French and English armies at Scots' College at Paris, destruction of a the river, 246. portion of the Stuart Papers at Sceatta, find of an Anglo-Saxon, near the, 256. Icklingham, Suffolk, 388. ,, proverb, "They were all one man's Sceattas, designs attributable to Roman bairns," application of the, 243. influence on the, 294. Scott, Sir Walter, the study of the „ „ found on the, 293. mediaeval past seen early in the works ,, find of late, 63, 64. of, 308. ,, period of circulation of the, Scottish and Jacobite coins, exhibited, 293; 404. „ Scandinavian designs on the, Scottish Charters, early, reference to Sir 294. A. C. Lawrie's work, 349. „ the connecting link between the „ coin weights, 401. Roman money and Saxon ,, copper tokens exhibited, 403. coins, 293. „ crown of Prince James, 231, 236, ,, the earliest monuments of native 262, 263. Saxon work, 294. ,, exhibitions, 401 et seq. ,, two main classes of, 293. „ gold pieces of James III. and Sceptres, crossed but not in saltire, found James IV., 402, 403. on Irish coins, and not on ,, pennies, early, 401. English, 204. „ private tokens, 275-279. ,, four interlaced, significance of, ,, reason of the blind loyalty of the, on the pattern farthings of to Prince James, 241. Charles II., 185. ,, regiments engaged in that battle, ,, two, significance of, on the Royal Waterloo medals representing farthing tokens, 185. the different, 403. Scotland, a recent find of Roman coins in, Seal of England, warrant issued by Prince 339, 340. James for making and engraving „ appointment of Englishmen to the Great, 248. the Excise, 244. ,, of John Manners, Marquess of ,, die ordered for the signet for, Granby, 361. 263. Seals for Prince James, Roettier ordered ,, discontent in, 242, 243. to make, 263. „ Henry Prince of, and Earl of ,, of Owen Glendwr, description of the, Huntingdon, 346 et seq. 359, 36°- „ in 1709, state of Ireland and, Seasalter, simple borough of, 169. 254 et seq. Sedgefield, W. J., reference to his edition ,, James I. institutes a copper of early MSS., 87. coinage for, 181. SEGONTIVM = Carnarvon, iS. ,, coins for Prince James to be „ ,, Roman mili- struck in, 261. tary road „ leather money issued in, 326. from, 17, ,, the designation King of, added 18. to the English titles on the Senaca, reference to the use of stamped coinage, 173. leather for money by, 313. ,, the opportunity for the landing September 1, the beginning of the Saxon of Prince James in, 254. Year, 90. 4 Index.

Sequence of types, important results as to Siberia, hides and furs used as money in, the, obtained by study of overstrikes, 314- io5- Sicily, Macedonian staters first imitated Settrington, manor of, granted to Duke of in, 292. Lennox, 213. Sidney, Sir William, 208. Severus II, 26. "Signet for Scotland," die ordered for the, Seymour, Edward, Earl of Hertford, 213. 263. Shaftesbury, church of, borough owned by, Silver coinage, Prince James issues war- 168. rant for a, 248. ,, composite borough and mint ,, „ of 1708, design for, 249. of, 166. „ „ the busts of James I, on „ mint of Edward the Confessor, his, 173, 179. 138. ,, mines in Durham, 210. „ „ William I, 122, 138, ,, obtained from the Welsh mines of 171. Aberystwith, 175. IL, 127, 151, Simeon, authority quoted with reference 161, 171. to certain facts relating to Henry, Prince Shakespeare: A Numismatic Question of Scotland, 348. raised by, by Sir John Evans, Review of, Simon, Thomas, 305, 306. Simple boroughs and list of, in Domesday 352- Shape, size and weight of the Royal Book, 168, 169. farthing tokens, 185. Simple boroughs, the term, 164, 167. Sharp, reference to, 275. Sixty-shilling piece of James II. or VII, Sharpe, John, the engraver, 305. 236, 237. Shepherd's Book, of Alfred the Great, 88. „ „ „ „ Prince James, 231, Sheppard, Thomas, coins of, 2, 9, 382. 236, 262, 263. „ „ exhibits by, 382. Size, weight and shape of the Royal „ „ letter from, on the find farthing tokens, 185. of ancient British Skeat, Dr. W. W, reference to his Twelve coins at South Facsimiles of Old English Manuscripts, Ferriby, 1, 2. 97, 98- Shillington, find of coins, temp. William Skelton, Sir John, reference to his Life of II. at, 112. Charles /, 267. Ship Rue = Shiprow, 331. Shot = cattle, 320. Shiprow, Aberdeen, find of coins, temp. Skoury = leather, 319. Charles I. in the, 331, 332. Smilter, C. J, exhibits by, 360. "Shovel-boards," 352. Smith, Adam, on Scottish Tokens, 277, Shrewsbury, composite borough and mint 278. of, 166. ,, Roach, reference to his Anti- „ mint of /Ethelrasd II, 161. quities of Richborough, 29. Cnut, T6I. „ Sir James, 214. ,, „ Edward the Con- „ Thomas, of South Ferriby, coins of, fessor, 136, 138, r. 161. „ W, junr, painting by, of the Harold II, 161. bronze pot which contained the William I, 119, Edwardian coins found at 136, 138, 152, Aberdeen, 403. 161, 172. Smith field, find of medalets of Prince „ ,, William II, 136, James at, 241. 144, IS2, 162, Snelling, and the coinage of James I, 172. 176. ,, removal of the dies of Snotengaham = Nottingham, 60. Charles I. from Wales to, SOLA LVCE FVGAT, the legend on a in 1642, 380. medal of Prince James, 234, 238. Index. 47

Somers, Van, painting of Prince James I., Sovereign type of Edward the Confessor, 178. origin of the, 297. South America, hides employed as a Spain, gold and silver mines of, opened measure of value in, 321. about 408 B.C., 313. „ Ferriby, find of ancient British „ H.M. the Queen of, letter accept- coins at, 1 et seq., 381, ing Royal Membership from, 386. 382. „ the failure of, to help Prince ,, „ find of Anglo-Saxon James, 263. stycas, silver pre- Spanish Armada, Duke of Lennox named Elizabethan coins, and Chief Commissioner to watch the, 212. fibulje, etc., at, 1, 381, Spicer, the late F., authority for a Romney 382. moneyer of William I., 143. „ „ find, summary of weights Spink and Son, donation of books by, of coins in 359, 372- . the, 14, 15. „ S. M., exhibits by, 404. „ „ „ type of horse ST = Treves, 30. on some Stafford, comDosite borough and mint of, early British 166. coins, in ,, mint of ./Ethelraed II., 140. the, 9. ,, ,, Edward the Confessor, Southampton, composite borough and 361. mint of, 166. ,, ,, William I., 140, 141, „ mint, coin of Stephen 161, 172. attributed to, 344 et „ ,, „ H-, 122, 140, seq. 150, X72. „ mint of Cnut, 140. „ „ Stephen, 140. ,, „ Harthacnut, 140. Staffordshire Gas Light Co., leather medal, „ „ Edward the Con- Birmingham and, 326. fessor, 153, „ the " Haringtons " refused IS7- in, 211. „ Harold II., 153, Stainer, C. L., reference to his monograph on The Oxford Silver Pennies, 67 „ „ William I., 140, et seq. 141, IS3, R57) Stamford, composite borough and mint of, 163, 171. 166. William II., 153, „ mint of Jithelraed II., 138, 140, 171. 147. „ „ Stephen (?), 344. „ Cnut, 124, 131, 138, Southwark, composite borough and mint 140, 145, !46, 147- of, 166. ,, ,, Harold I., 124, 126, „ mint of Edward the Con- 131, 14°, 145- fessor, 122, 140, ,, ,, Harthacnut, 131, 140, 147. Harold II., 151. „ ,, Edward the Confessor, „ William I., 125, 131, 140, 145, 147, 140, 147, 148, 163. 151, 172, 285. ,, Harold II., 131, 147. „ „ William II., 122, „ „ William I., 124, 131, 136, 141, 147, 134, i38, 148, 151, 154, 145, T47, 156, 161, 163, 148, 163, 172. 171. „ „ Henry I., 136, „ „ „ H-, 126, 131, 147, 148, 156, 286. 136, 140, 144, 146, 163, 171. 4 Index.

Stamford, mint of Henry I., 144, 146. Steyning, mint of William I, 133, 158, 172. ,, „ Stephen, 146. ,, „ ,, ,, II-, IS8, r72- „ one of the five towns known as ,, simple borough and mint of, 169. the Five Burghs, 92, 93. STFANI, the latest known coin to read, Stanstead, simple borough of, 169. rl3- Staters, gold, found at South Ferriby, 3 et Stibenhede = Stepney, in. seq. Stoke Park granted to Crane, 215. Stebeheie — Stepney, in. Stralsund, investment of, prevents the Stefani = Sancti Stepnani, 109, 390. promised aid of Charles XII. to "Stephen" "Acts of King" reference to, Prince James, 259. Stratford, Suffolk, erroneous allocation of Stephen and Henry II. at Awbridge, near a farthing to, 362. Romsey, Find of coin of 344-349. Stratford-upon-Avon, unpublished token Stephen and Matilda, coins of, 289. of, 362. „ „ „ forgeries of, 289. Striking the money, temp. Alfred, 103. ,, and the early money of Henry II., Stuart, Lady Elizabeth, 215. low state of art as shown on ,, Ludovick, Duke of Lennox, and the coins of, 298. Duke of Richmond, 212, 213. ,, coins of, 122, 124, 134, 140, 141, Stuart Papers, Calendar of the, reference 142, 146, 153, 155, 158, 161, 229, 230, 235, 244, 248, 288, 289, 344 et seq., 390. 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, „ concerning forgeries of, 103. 260, 261, 263, 269. note by W. J. Andrew on the ,, „ destruction of a portion, coins of, 113. at the Scot's College, at ,, find of coins of, atLinton, 345. Paris, 256. ,, forgeries of, 287, 288, 289. ,, „ in the Windsor Library, „ illustrations of forgeries of coins publication of, 248. of Henry I, Matilda and, Stuarts, the love of medals, characteristic 286-289. of the, 230. i ,, money of Rouen in reign of, 351. Stycas, issue of, for Northumbria, 295. „ of David of Scotland, Henry II, "Succession of Prince James, 1701," Richard I, John and Henry medal, 234. III, forgeries of coins of, Sudbury, composite borough and mint of, 289, 290. 166. ,, Taunton mint of, 345. ,, mint of William I, 162, 172. „ the mint of Huntingdon in reign „ . „ „ II, 162, 172. of, 346 et seq. „ _ Henry I, 162. .Stephens, reference to Runic Mo?mments Suffolk, early British silver coin found in, ;'of, 82. 362. Stepney, arguments against the attribution Surname, introduction of the, over of certain coins to, 111, 112. England, 376. • „ coins of William I, erroneously Svignan on the leather money in the "attributed to, in, 112, 390. Russian Museum, 319. „ no record that a mint ever Sweet H, his edition of King Alfred's existed in, in. Pastoral Care, 80. Sterlings, foreign, temp. the Edw&rds, „ reference to The Oldest found at Lochmaben, English Texts of, 84, 87. 35°- Sybil, reference to Lord Beaconsfield's, „ „ found at Aberdeen, 328. 333, 334- Stewartstown, token of, 369. T. Steyning, mint of Edward the Confessor, 133. T.A. on coin of Henry VIII, 360. „ „ „ Harold II, 133. T.F. = Tempora felicitas, 389. Index. 47

TT = Treves, 30. Thetford, mint of Harold II., 125, 140. Table of forms assumed by the letters H, „ „ „ WilliamI., 125, 127, 132, M, N, and R, at different periods, 100. T36, x37) !38, 139. Taffs, H. W., exhibits by, 362, 403. 140, 141, 150, 171. Tait, Professor, reference to his Historical „ „ „ William II., 125, 127, Atlas of Modern Europe, 167. I31. J34> 137, T39) Tamworth, composite jborough and mint 140, 150, 152, 171. of, 166. „ „ Henry I., 137, 141, 150. ,, mint of Edward the Confessor, „ the Danes establish themselves 13°, 133- at, 61. William I., 130, 133, Thistle on the Jacobite guinea, concerning 137, 172. the, 237. II., .130, 133, Thomassin, a print by, apparently repre- 172. senting a medal of Prince Tapestry works established at Mortlake, James, 234. 213, 214. „ engraver to the Court of TARL = Aries, 30. Louis XIV., 234. Tartary, hides and furs used as money in, Thompson, Thomas, private token of, 272. 3r4- Thomson's Warehouse, J. Reynolds and, ,, use of imprinted leather as money Glasgow, token of, 403. in, 314. Thorn-rune, use of the, for D in Dominus, Tateshalle = Pontefract, 169. 82. Taunton, ANT a suggested abbreviation Thornelaw Castle, Earl Henry seizes, 348. of Tant for, 345. Thorpe, Benjamin, reference to his edition „ mint of Edward the Confessor, of Saxon Chronicle, 86, 96, 98. 129. " Throwing of money into wells, the," 340. „ „ Harold II., 129. Thyra, mother of King Harold Blaatand, ,, ,, William I., 124, 129, 82. 172. Tiber, medal awarded for operations in, II., 124, 172. 388. „ „ Stephen, 345. Tigir on early British silver coin, 6, 14. ,, simple borough and mint of, 169. Tin, Harington half-farthings often coated Temple-Newsam, manor of, granted to with, 192. Duke of Lennox, 213. Titus, coin of, found at Forres, 329. Terci added to the coins of Henry III., Todeni, Ralph de, borough owned by, 298. 168. Terouenne in France, find of leathern Tokens of leather, tin, lead, etc., issued in jettons temp. Henry VIII. on the site reign of Elizabeth, 323. of, 322. „ on the utility of issuing political, Tewkesbury, simple borough of, 169. 219 et seq. Thames, at Waterloo Bridge, find of coins „ reason for the issue of traders', in temp. Burgred, /Ethelrted, and Alfred, the time of Elizabeth, 181. in the, 385. ,, the Royal farthing, Part I, 1613- ' Theodulveside = Devizes, 168. 1636, 181-217. Thetford, composite borough and mint of, „ their issuers and die-sinkers, 166. notes on the private, 271-279. „ mint of ^Ethelrasd II., 125, 137, Tom, Anglo-Saxon = void or hungry, 328. 141, 150. " Tommy Shops," origin of, 328. „ „ „ Cnut, 125, 141. Ton = town, 108. „ .„ „ Harold I., 125. Torcy, the French minister, 253. ,, ,, „ Harthacnut, 125, 141. Torksey, composite borough and mint of, „ „ „ Edward the Confessor, 166, 167. I25> 137. i38> '4°. „ in Lincolnshire, the Danes retire 141. to, 61. 480 Index.

Totnes, composite borough and mint of, Tutet, M. C, leather piece from collection . 166. of, 325- „ mint of William II., 134, 171. Twynham (Christchurch, Hants), mint of Tower, hammered money brought into William I, 133, 171. the Mint in the, to be coined „ composite borough and mint in 1697, 223, 224. of, 166, 167. „ of London, chief mint of the Types, sequence of, and the study of kingdom in Norman times overstrikes, 105. and later, 1x2. „ sixpence, mule with obverse from die of a, 407. U. Towers, Sam, leather token for, 324, 325. Trade, Gerard Malynes appointed one of U, similarity of the rune letter to the the Commissioners of, sent to the Low minuscule h, 83. Countries, 282, 210. „ the letter, on the Ohsnaforda coins, Traders' tokens in Ireland, endeavours to 80, 81. suppress the use of, 183, 203. Uncial letters, H.M.N. R, 100. Tradition concerning the locket and Union, The Act of, 1707—its unpopu- brooch given by Prince Charles Edward larity revives the cause of the Stuarts, to Flora Macdonald, 404 et seq. 243- Train, the Manx historian, 327. Unpublished coins of Carausuis, rare or, Trajan, find of denarii of, at Gartshore, 340, 341- 34°- Upcott private token, a genuine specimen Transvaal pond of 1898, countermarked and re-strike of the, 381. "99," 388. Upperkirkgate, Aberdeen, find of coins temp. Edward I., II. and III. in, 332 Trapezita = money-changer, 91. et seq. Treasure trove in the North of Scotland, Ur, the use of the rune-letter, 82. 329-335, 406, 4°7- Usan = Ouse, 81. ,, „ law, the unsatisfactory and Utrecht, Treaty of, 257. unpopular provisions of Uxi = ox, 86. the, 342. Treasurer's Report, the, 400. V. Trefoil countermark on Harington half- farthing, 192, 216. V, the letter, on the Ohstiaforda coins, Si. Treveris = Treves, 30. Valenciennes, Prince James joins the Treves mint, 26, 27, 28, 29. French army at, 253. „ ,, coins of, in the Little Orme's Valhalla, the destruction of, 294. Head Find, 21. Van Dyck dress on coins of Charles I., „ „ Roman coins of, 47, 48, 49, 305. 1 5°, 5 , 52, 53, 54, 55, VARAE, see VARIS, 18. 57- Variants of names of moneyers of ,, „ subsignations of the, 30. William I. and II., 119-163. Trewhiddley, Cornwall, find of coins of VARIS, on the Roman military road from Burgred at, 63, 66, 385. Chester to Carnarvon, 18. Tife C'assyn, 327. Vaux, reference to his paper on the Royal Trinidad, Colonel Fullerton, Governor farthings of James I., 183, 204. of the Island of, 278. Vernon, James, 241. Truck Act, 1 and 2 William IV, reference Veronage, stamp used for leather money to, 328. kept in the arsenal of, 318. . Tudor dynasty, the dragon, a heraldic Versailles, in 1709, memoir presented to badge of the, 221. the court of, 254. „ rose and portcullis on coins, 304. Vespasian, find of a coin of, at Inverurie, Tun = town, 108. Tutbury, simple borough of, 169. 329- Index.

Vespasian, find of a denarii of, at Wareham, mint of Edward the Confessor, Gartshore, 340. .127, 155. Victoria, Her late Majesty Queen, ,, ,, William I., 119, 127, " graceless " florin of, 309. 142, 147, 154, 155, „ coins from the Aberdeen Find .171- purchased by, 334. ,, „ William II., 142, 171. VOLISIOS on early British silver coin, „ ,, Stephen, 288. 3, 7- Warminster, simple borough and mint of, Voltaire and the state of France after 169. payment of ransom for King John, 315. Warne collection, coin from the, 107. Wars of the Roses, effect of the Renais- sance movement felt after the, 302. W. Warwick, Christopher, manufacture of Harington tokens, 182. Wakefield, moulds for imitation denarii ,, composite borough and mint found at, 340. of, 166. Wala, abbot of New Corbey and brother „ mint of /Eth'elraed II., 149. of Adalhard, 89. „ Cnut, 149, 156. Wales to Shrewsbury, removal of the dies „ „ Edward the Confessor, of Charles I. from, in 1642, 380. 145, r49- Walker, J. F., exhibits by, 360. „ „ Harold II., 149. Wallingford, composite borough and mint „ „ William I., 145, 149, of, 166. 158, 172. „ mint of ^Ethelrfed II., 125, „ „ William II., 142, 145, 163. i56> x57, J72. „ „ „ Cnut, 125, 135, „ ,, Henry I., 156, 158. 163. Watchet, mint of William I., 155, 172. „ „ „ Harold I., 125, 135, H-, i55, 172- 156, 163. ,, simple borough and mint of, „ ,, „ Harthacnut, 125. 169. „ „ „ Edward the Con- Waterford coins of Edward I., II., and fessor, 125, 128, HI., 333. 129, 156, 163. Waterloo medals, representing the differ- „ „ ,, Harold II., 128, ent Scottish regiments engaged in that 156. battle, 403. „ „ „ William I., 120, Waters, E. Herbert, donation of book by, 128, 129, 156, 375- 159, 163.. 171, Waverley and Winchester, the annalists 286. of, 91. „ „ William II., 125, Weahsan, first appearance of this form I32, *35> ITl- in translation by King Alfred, 88. „ „ „ Henry I., 286, 287. Weaxan, the verb, in early MS., 87. „ „ „ Stephen, 288. Webb, Percy, and his interpretation of Walpole, Horace, on the personal appear- certain abbreviations on Roman coins, ance of Prince James, 267. 31- Walter, Lord High Steward of Scotland, Webster, W. J., donation of framed copy 278. of the English Numis- Walters, F. A., on the coinage of Henry matic Chronicle, 387. IV. Review of, 350. „ exhibits by, 360. War medals and decorations, group of, „ pamphlet of, 247. awarded to Trumpet-Major R. Kells, Weight of Royal farthing tokens, 375- authorised, 182. Wareham, composite borough and mint „ of the coins of the Ohsnaforda of, 166. type, 68 et seq. VOL. III. 2 I 4 Index.

Weight of the Saxon penny, the correct, 69. William I., coins of Launceston mint of, „ shape, size and, of the Royal 110-112. farthing tokens, 185. ,, ,, ,, ,, erroneously attri- WEIGHTMAN, Fleet-Surgeon A. E., buted to Stepney, R.N. :— ill, 112. The Royal Farthing Tokens. Part I, ,, ,, coinage of St. David's in the 1613-1636, 181-217. time of, 362, 363. Weights of the coins in the Little Orme's ,, „ concerning forgeries of, 103. Head Find, 28. ,, ,, find of coins at Beawortli, „ ,, the coins in the South Ferriby 112. Find, 14, 15. ,, ,, forgeries of, 282, 283, 2S4, Welch, Jas, on Birmingham Workhouse 285, 286. leather token, 326. „ „ forgery of the Lincoln mint Weldon, George, extract from his descrip- of, 282, 286. tion of the Isle of Man, 327. ,, ,, Lincoln mint of, 282. Wellington, declaration of, 380. ,, ,, on certain coins of, attributed Wells, the throwing of money into, 340. to Normandy, 351. „ W. C, exhibits by, 388. „ I. and II, A Numismatic History of Welsh mines of Aberystwith, silver ob- the Reigns of,—2nd Part tained from the, 175. —Histories of the Mints, „ subdued by Burgred and 117-172. ^Ethelwlf, 59. ,, ,, illustrations of forgeries of W£n (]>) use of the Runic, on English coins of Harold II. and, coins, 82. 282-286. Wensleydale, manor of, granted to Duke of „ „ namesof moneyers of, mostly Lennox, 213. of Saxon and Danish Wessex, the Danes march on, 61. origin, 118. Westminster, Abbot of, borough owned William II, coins of, 119, 120, 121, 122, by the, 168. 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, White-Horse, near Croydon, find of coins 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, of Burgred at, 63, 65, 3S5. 133, 134, 135, i36, 137> Whittingham, Ethelred defeated and slain 139, 140, 141, 142, i43> at, 61. 144, 145.- j46, 147, 148, Whitton, find of a British stater at, 4. J49> I5°, 15I, X52, 153, Wich (D.B.) = Droitwich, 167. *54, 155, !56, 157, i58, Wigan Collection, crown of Prince James 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, in British Museum from the, 256. 283, 286. Wiglaf, King of Mercia, 59. „ „ concerning forgeries of, 103. Wigmore, simple borough of, 169. ,, ,, examples in lead of coins of, William Fitz Richard, a Cornish magnate, probably used as working notes on, 113. patterns, 286. William I., Argentan coins of, 352. „ ,, find of coins of Launceston ,, ,, boroughs owned by, 168, 169. mint, at Shillington, 112. j, „ coins of, 119, 120, 121, 122, ,, ,, forgeries of, 283, 285, 286. 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, „ ,, London penny of, in lead, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 136. 133, x34i 135, r36, 137, „ III, death of, 242. 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, „ „ extracts from Ruding on the 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, Great Recoinage of, 228. 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, ,, „ his remarks on a miniature IS3, 154, 155. 157, of Prince James, 239. 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, „ ,, Prince James proclaimed 163, 282, 283, 285, 286, King at Inverness on the 2C death of, 243. Index. 43

William III., to acknowledge Prince Winchester, mint of William I., 120, James as his successor, 125, 126, 127, 242. 13°, 139> 142, „ „ 1695-1699, Some Notes 147, 148, 149, on the Great Recoinage 153, IS6> l6°, of, 223-228. 171. Williams, John, commissioner on mint ., ,, „ William I., forgery matters, 210. of, 283. Wilton, composite borough and mint of, ,, ,, „ William II., 120, 166. 125, 134, 135, „ Danes and Saxons at the battle 142, 148, 160, of, 6r. 163, 171, 283. ,, mint of .^thelrasd II., 148, 154. „ „ „ Henry I., 142, 153, „ „ „ Cnut, 125. 160, 163. ,, ,, Edward the Confessor, j) ,, „ „ _ „ Stephen, 142, 153. 125, 154- ,, possible attribution of „ „ William I., 125, 140, 142, Droitwich mint to, 167. 148, 152, 154, „ possible attribution of 172. Wimbourne mint to, 167. II., 125, 154, ,, jj ,, ,, Sansun the moneyer, a tenant 172. . of the Bishop of, 345. Wimblington, Cambridgeshire, find of ,, the annalists of Waverley coins temp, the Iceni at, 388. and, 91. Wimbourne, composite borough of, 166, Wiackelmann, Johann, the art critic, 307. 167. Wirksworth, the church plate of Winborne = Wimbourne, 167. Alderwasley in, 337. Winburne = Wimbourne, 167. Wood Burcote, Northamptonshire, find of Winchcombe, composite borough and coin of Cunobelin and British ring mint of, 166. money at, 388. „ mint of William I., 142, Woodward, Thomas, contractor to the 171. Duke of Lennox, 189. Winchester, Bishop of, borough owned Worcester, composite borough and mint by, 169. of, 166. „ Chronicle, reference to, 79, ,, mint of yEthelrsed II., 137. 86, 87. ,, „ ,, Cnut, 137. ,, composite borough and ,, ,, ,, Edward the Confessor, mint of, 166. 127, 136, 137, i44, „ mint of iEthelrasd II., 135, 145, 160. 142, 147, 148. „ „ „ Harold II., 136, 137, „ „ „ Cnut, 120, 125, 144, i45- 135, *42, 147, ,, ,, ,, William I., 121, 127, 148, 149. 129, 136, 137, 144, „ „ „ Harold I., 120, 125, 145, r52, 154, 160, 135, x42, 147, 172. 149, r53- ,, „ „ William II., 121, 127, ,, „ ,, Harthacnut, 120, 136, 154, 172- 125, 142, 153. ,, possible attribution of Droit- „ „ „ Edward the Con- wich mint to, 167. fessor, 120, 125, Worcestershire, private tokens, 271, 272. 126, 142, 147, Wright, James, Junr., tokens issued by, 148, 149, 156. 275 et seq. „ „ Harold II., 125, IVusa = Ouse, 8r. 126, 142, 148, Wyatt, A. J., reference to his edition of 149, 156. early MS., 87. 44 Index.

Wyndham, Sir William, 258. York, mint of Harold II, 126, I4S> 151. Wyon, the die-sinker, 276, 278. 152, i56. J59- „ Thomas, 309. „ „ „ William I, 126, i43> 145. ,, William, 309. 147, 151, 152, 156, 158, 159, !72- „ „ William II, 126, 139, 143, X. I4Si J47> IS1. i72- „ „ „ Henry I, 145. x by hs, influences which led to the repre- „ ,, ,, Eustace, 289. sentation of, 86 et seq. „ „ „ Edward I, II, and III, x, use of, to represent hs, 87. 333, 3S°- „ Henry V, 360. >. 5. VII, 360. Y. ,, OsberchtJ, J) , King of Northumbria, defeated and slain at, 60. Yarmouth, composite borough and mint ,, Powell, Professor, his article in the of, 166, 167. English Historical Review, 170. „ mint of William I., 147, 172. ,, private tokens, 275. Year, notes on the change in the com- „ clipped and hammered money mencement of the, 252 et seq. coined into new in, 1695-1697, „ the beginning of the Saxon, 90. 226. Yeates, F. W, exhibits by, 369. „ plate coined into new money in, Yoe, sterlings of Gaucher II. de Chatillion, 1695-1697, 227. struck at, 333. Yorkshire district, the early British coinage York, an account of the new money coined of the, 2. in, 1695-1697, 225,226,227,228. „ lead mines in, 210. „ comDOsite borough and mint of, „ private token, 273-275. 166. Young, Matthew, 236, 237, 242, 250, „ Duke of, 219. 262. ,, hammered money brought into, to ,, ,, Jacobite dies and be coined in 1697, 224, 225. puncheons given to „ mint of /Ethelraed II, 126, 147, British Museum, by, ISI, j56> j59- 236, 250. „ „ Cnut, 126, 147, 151, 159. „ ,, ,, Harold I, 126. Z. ,, ,, ,, Edward the Confessor, 126, 151, 156, 158, 159. Zonby = Toothed, 310.

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