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Y Monasterios Antiguos Y Modernos De La Misma Ciudad IGLESIA DE LEON, Y MONASTERIOS ANTIGUOS Y MODERNOS DE LA MISMA CIUDAD. POR EL P. M™. Fu. MANUEL RISCO, de la Orden de San Agustín. MADRID: EN LA OFICINA DE DON BLAS ROMÁN. AÑO CIO DCC XCII. ì.. INDICE DELOS C A P Í T U L O S CONTENIDOS EN ESTA OBRA. I* Iglesia de León dichosa en conservar la pureza, de la Fe , y ■Religión Christiana , desde su origen hasta nuestros . dias* pag. i. CA P. H. Sede Episcopal de León , su antigüedad, continuación,y esplendor. 7. C A P . ■ IIL.. Catálogo.de los Obispos.Legionenses. 15. CAP/ IV. Gobierno: antiguo de> la Santa Iglesia de Lean* 22* j : • ' CA P. V . Dignidades de la Santa Iglesia de León* 27, CAP- V L Cabildo de la Santa Iglesia de León , . número , de sus Individuos. .31. - .CAP-^VIk.Prm>gb£*uíi.r con que Jos-Reyes de Espa­ ña condecoraron al Cabildo de Lem*<$6* CAP.-VIII* S itio , y título .antiguo, de * la Iglesia de r León* Devoción de los:Legionenses al glorioso Mar- rjT i**?« Cipriano* 44. , C AP. .IX.. ; Fábrica de- ¡a Iglesia de León por Don Or~ dono 1 1 :47. " '' x A-- ,CAP..,X. Fábrica aStual deba Iglesia de León. 54* C A P . XL Memoria d eja s casas mas ^notables que hay dentro del edificio de la Iglesia* 67. CAP. XII. Archivo de la Santa Iglesia. 76. HISTORIA DE LOS MONASTERIOS ANTIGUOS Y MODERNOS DE LEON» S an Claudio..,......... 86. San Román........... 133. San Adrián y Santa San Andrés...i.......... *34 * Natalia........ *...... 94* Monasterio de Car- San Miguel....... 9^* vajaly y sus Canó­ Otro de San Miguel. ioo. nigos trasladados ' Santiago................. ioi . á San Isidro de Santa Christina....... io3 . León......................* 135. San Juan Bautista.. n o . Iglesia de San Isi­ Otro de San Juan.... ri2. dro , sus reliquias, San Juan de Grecis­ y panteón de ios co.......................... n 3. Reyes..................... 144. San Salvador.......... 114. Su Libreria.............. *S3 * San Pelayo............... 115. San Marcos............» r6r. San Marcelo............ 120. Santo Domingo , y San Vicente............. 126. San Francisco...... I7& San Julián............... 128» Santa Catalina........ 18s. San Pedro de los Conventos de Religio* CO Huertos....... ....... 129. sas - Fraticiscas..... M <$\ Otro de San Pedro., 130. Descalzos de San San Félix Mártyr\. 131. Francisco.............. 190» Santa María..... 122. Agustinas Recoletas. 194. PAG. r IGLESIA D E L E O N . fOCOt +> #0001+ »0* CAPÍTULO PRIMERO. LA IGLESIA DE LEON DICHOSA EN CONSERVAR LA PUREZA DE LA FE Y RELIGION CHRISTIANA DESDE SU ORIGEN HASTA NUESTROS DIAS. ^ M uchos testimonios antiguos y generales indican, que podríamos decir grandes cosas en honor, y ala­ banza de la Iglesia Legionense, describiendo su fdíz estado en los primeros siglos del Christianismo ; si no faltaran las noticias particulares de los sucesos re­ lativos á aquel tiempo remoto , que tan escasas sue­ len ser en las historias de otras Iglesias las mas ilus­ tres del mundo. Hablando del país, en que los Ro­ manos fundaron á León, se tuvo presente en el T o ­ mo IV. de la España Sagrada pag. 12. que si los Mi­ nistros enviados por los santos Apóstoles Pedro y Pablo, no vinieron á estas comarcas á predicar el TQM* Ih A 2 iglesia Evangelio , no fue por otra causa , que por haber sido estas tierras , como otras de la Provincia Tarra­ conense , el principal teatro de nuestro primer Maes- tro Santiago* Por la misma razón tratándose en el Tom. XV L de la obra citada de la antigüedad de la religión Christiana en Astorga, no hubo dificultad en reducir su origen al tiempo de los Apostóles , como lo hizo también el Rey Don Alonso en la escritura, que se refiere en la pag. 69. del mismo Tomo, Sien­ do pues.esto así, y habiéndose fundado nuestra ciu­ dad cerca del Imperio de Trajano, en que ya era numerosísima en España la copia de fieles , ¿ quién podrá dudar, que desde sus principios fue poblada por algunos , que si en lo exterior servian á los Em­ peradores de Roma , en su corazón y espíritu profe» saban la religión de Jesu-Christo? La pasión de los santos Mártyres Hemeterio y Ce* ledonio , que como probé en el Tom. XXXIII, de la España Sagrada, fue en los primeros tiempos de la propagación del Evangelio por estas provincias, co­ menzó , según los Martyrologios de Adon , y Usuar- do , seguidos por el Romano (1), en esta ilustre ciu­ dad , en que militaban, por ser sin duda soldados de la legión VII , Gem. que la había fundado. De aquí se puede colegir , que una de las primeras persecu­ ciones se executó en los Christianos Legionenses, sien­ do ya la nueva población famosa en aquellos tiempos por la profesión del nombre de Christo* La antigüedad de los santos Mártyres Facundo y (1) Eodem dìe natalis Sancì orum Emctherìì, & Cekdonii qui primum apud Legionensem Galleria rivìtatem mìlhes, exurgen- ìe per se cuti oni$ procella, prò confessione nominis Còristi pluri­ mi* afflitti tormentisi Calagurrim usqueperduri. atque ibi marty- no coronati sunu, ^ DE LEON, 3 Primitivo , que según los mas auténticos monumen­ tos , padecieron en tiempo de los Emperadores Mar­ co Aurelio Antonino, y Lucio Vero Cómmcdo , es también un testimonio evidente de que en tierra de León se anunció , y abrazó muy temprano Ja doc­ trina Evangélica , y de que estaba muy arraigada en en el siglo IL de la Iglesia Christiana. En tiempo de Septimio Severo , cuyo Imperio fue en fines del mismo siglo , se enardeció la persecu­ ción contra los fieles Legionenses , como lo testifica Tertuliano en su libro á Scapula, donde exponiendo la diferencia , con que eran castigados los Christia- nos de Africa , y los de las otras provincias , di­ ce , que aquellos eran quemados, pero éstos solo de­ gollados , como se verificaba en la Mauritania, y en L eón, donde era perseguido entonces el nombre de Christo (i). Al medio del siglo III. se exercitó con gran cruel­ dad en esta ciudad el odio , con que el Emperador Decio miraba á los Christianos. Así lo muestra el hecho de Basilides Obispo Legionense , que vencido del temor á los castigos, que se daban á los Chris­ tianos de su Diócesis, cayó en el execrable pecado de Libelático. Es digna de toda recomendación la pureza , é in­ tegridad de Fé , que ya en la edad de san Cipriano resplandecía en los Christianos, que vivian en esta ciudad y su comarca. Porque si no fueran tan fieles, y tan amantes de Jesu-Christo , ¿ cómo podrian no desmayar á vista de los exemplos de su propio Pas­ tor , tan perniciosos de suyo ? Pues ello es , que no solo no desfallecieron , sino que menospreciando los A 2 (1} Pro Dea vivo cremantur...Nam ££ nunc á Pr<eside Le- ghnis , & á Preside Mauritania vexatur hoc minen 7 sed gla- dio tenas* ^ IGLESIA peligros á que se exponían por la ambición y flaque­ za que había mostrado Basilides en la confesión de Christo , persistieron constantes en no reconocerle por Obispo. Dio la Iglesia de León con la de Astrr- ga , y Mérida testimonio de tan singular firmeza en la carta escrita á san Cipriano , quien por eso la res­ pondió , alabando su fidelidad , y su amor para con Dios (i). Es también nuestra Iglesia de León acreedora de grandes elogios por la puntualidad y tesón , con que observó quanto la antigua disciplina ordenaba de Jos Obispos, que cometieron los delitos gravísimos, que de Basilides y Marcial cuenta san Cipriano en su Epístola. Porque juntándose los Prelados de las Se­ des comarcanas , y juzgada por ellos la causa , to­ da la Christiana congregación de los Legionense dio sin resistencia su consentimiento sobre la deposición de Basilides, y elección de otro en su lugar. Ni es menos digna de alabanza la prudencia , con que la Iglesia de León procedió en esta causa después que este mal Obispo alcanzó obrepticiamente decreto para ser restituido á su Sede. Porque en medio de saber , que este rescripto se dio solo en virtud de que el santo Pontífice Esteban , preocupado con la representación de Basilides , ignoraba los motivos justísimos , que tuvieron las Iglesias de España para deponerle; con todo eso, como los Legionenses con los de Astorga y Mérida veneraban sumamente las decisiones de la Silla Romana, no quisieron obrar por (i) Cutn in unum convenìssemus , legimus liti eras vesiras, f rat res diteciissimi, quas ad nos per Felicem , & Sabinum Coe— pi s copos nostros pro fide i vestree integri tute , & pro Dei timore jiíist/s , significantes Basilidem , & Martialem libelli s i dolo latrite conimaculatos , nefandorum facinorum conscientia vinEíos , Coe— p¡ scopai uní ge rere, & Sacerdotium Dei administrare non oportere* DE LEON* 5 sí mismos en aquel enredoso negocio, sin consultar primero á los Padres Africanos , y singularmente á san Cipriano , cuya sabiduría era conocida en todo el mundo. El mismo santo con todo el Concilio aprue­ ba , y aplaude en su carta el acierto , y discreción, con que la Iglesia de León, y las otras se portaron en aquel caso, conformándose enteramente con la disciplina , que entonces florecia , con la costumbre de otras provincias , y finalmente con los preceptos de Dios en su Escritura. Y aunque el padre Boschio, continuador de Rolando, en el Tom, 1. de Agosto al dia 2. opone algunos reparos, dirigidos á vindicar al glorioso Pontífice , y Martyr san Esteban , y ofuscar la justificación de nuestras Iglesias en este asunto , no juzgo necesario volver ahora por el honor tan mereci­ do de éstas, por haberlo hecho ya con toda la solidez, y diligencia posible en el Tom. XXXI. pag. 7. y sig. En fines dei siglo III. y principios del IV. dieron los Christianos de León los mas célebres testimonios de su fé , y de su amor á Jesu-Christo , padeciendo algunos de ellos glorioso martyrio en la persecución de Diocleciano , como san Marcelo y sus hijos , es­ pecialmente Claudio , Lupercio , y Vidorico , que murieron en esta misma ciudad.
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