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  • Sparks, Shocks and Voltage Traces As Windows Into Experience: the Spiraled Conductor and Star Wheel Interrupter of Charles Grafton Page
    | Sparks, Shocks and Voltage Traces as Windows into Experience | 123 | Sparks, Shocks and Voltage Traces as Windows into Experience: The Spiraled Conductor and Star Wheel Interrupter of Charles Grafton Page Elizabeth CAVICCHI a T Abstract When battery current flowing in his homemade spiraled conductor switched off, nineteenth century experimenter Charles Grafton Page saw sparks and felt shocks, even in parts of the spiral where no current passed. Reproducing his experiment today is improvisational: an oscilloscope replaces Page’s body; a copper star spinning through galinstan substitutes for Barlow’s wheel interrupter. Green and purple flashes accompanied my spinning wheel. Unlike what Page’s shocks showed, induced voltages probed across my spiral’s wider spans were variable, precipitating extensive explorations of its resonant fre - quencies. Redoing historical experiments extends our experience, fostering new observations about natural phenomena and experimental development. Keywords: electromagnetic induction, historical replication, Charles Grafton Page, exploratory learning, spiral, Barlow wheel, galinstan, autotransformer T Introduction real? Facing wires and wiggling magnetic needles firsthand, while trying to make sense of it, deepens Historical experiments come to us in fragments: our perspective; we become confused and curious handwritten data, published reports, and often non - (Cavicchi 2003). Redoing an experiment is not just a functioning apparatus. A further carry-over may per - check on facts, dates, whether Oersted’s needle went sist in ideas, procedures, materials and inventions east or west. It gives us access to experience congru - bearing imprints of the prior work. All these are clues ous with the past: “’to know an experimenter, you to something both more transitory and more coher - should replicate her study’” (Kurz 2001, p.
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  • A Computer Simulation of Induction Heat Treating Systems Is Discussed
    Optimal Design of Internal Induction Coils Dr. Valentin Nemkov(1), Eng. Robert Goldstein (1), Dr. Vladimir Bukanin(2) (1)Centre for Induction Technology, Inc. 1388 Atlantic Blvd. Auburn Hills, MI 48326 USA www.induction.org (2)St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University (SPbETU), Prof. Popova str., 5, 197376, St. Petersburg, Russia ABSTRACT Internal induction heating coils are not so well studied as external. Three main induction coil styles were proposed in pioneering works many years ago: Cylindrical coils, Hair-pin coils and Rod-type coils [1, 2]. It was clear from the very beginning that electromagnetic parameters of the coils of two first styles might be strongly improved by application of magnetic cores. However it was not clearly shown what parameters may be improved and how much, as well as what are the optimal designs of induction coils. Current presentation contains short consideration and comparison of all three styles of coils followed by a detailed analysis of cylindrical internal (ID) coils using modern computer simulation tools. It is shown that it isn’t sufficient to only consider the influence of magnetic core on electrical efficiency of the coil head. The cores reduce dramatically current demand for transfer of required power into the workpiece. In turn it results in strong reduction of voltage drop and power losses in the whole supplying circuitry: coil leads, busswork and matching transformer. Plus much smaller capacitor battery is required. Computer simulation is simple for single-turn cylindrical ID coils and several computer packages may be used. Computer simulation of multi-turn cylindrical ID coils, which are the most common, is a much more complicated task, due to the return leg.
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  • Bull. Hist. Chem. 11
    Bull. is. Cem. 11 ( 79 In consequence of this decision, many of the references in the index to volumes 1-20, 1816-26, of the Quarterly Journal of interleaved copy bear no correspondence to anything in the text Science and the Arts, published in 1826, in the possession of of the revised editions, the Royal Institution, has added in manuscript on its title-page Yet Faraday continued to add references between the dates "Made by M. Faraday", Since the cumulative index was of the second and third editions, that is, between 1830 and largely drawn from the separate indexes of each volume, it is 1842, One of these is in Section XIX, "Bending, Bowing and likely that the recurrent task of making those was also under- Cutting of Glass", which begins on page 522. It is listed as taken by Faraday. If such were indeed the case, he would have "Grinding of Glass" and refers to Silliman's Journal, XVII, had considerable experience in that kind of harmless drudgery, page 345, The reference is to a paper by Elisha Mitchell, dating from the days when his position at the Royal Institution Professor of Chemistry, Mineralogy, &c. at the University of was still that of an assistant to William Brande. Carolina, entitled "On a Substitute for WeIdler's Tube of Safety, with Notices of Other Subjects" (11). This paper is frn nd t interesting as it contains a reference to Chemical Manipulation and a practical suggestion on how to cut glass with a hot iron . M. aaay, Chl Mnpltn n Intrtn t (11): Stdnt n Chtr, n th Mthd f rfrn Exprnt f ntrtn r f rh, th Ar nd S, iis, M.
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  • Download (PDF)
    Nanotechnology Education - Engineering a better future NNCI.net Teacher’s Guide To See or Not to See? Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Surfaces Grade Level: Middle & high Summary: This activity can be school completed as a separate one or in conjunction with the lesson Subject area(s): Physical Superhydrophobicexpialidocious: science & Chemistry Learning about hydrophobic surfaces found at: Time required: (2) 50 https://www.nnci.net/node/5895. minutes classes The activity is a visual demonstration of the difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. Using a polystyrene Learning objectives: surface (petri dish) and a modified Tesla coil, you can chemically Through observation and alter the non-masked surface to become hydrophilic. Students experimentation, students will learn that we can chemically change the surface of a will understand how the material on the nano level from a hydrophobic to hydrophilic surface of a material can surface. The activity helps students learn that how a material be chemically altered. behaves on the macroscale is affected by its structure on the nanoscale. The activity is adapted from Kim et. al’s 2012 article in the Journal of Chemical Education (see references). Background Information: Teacher Background: Commercial products have frequently taken their inspiration from nature. For example, Velcro® resulted from a Swiss engineer, George Mestral, walking in the woods and wondering why burdock seeds stuck to his dog and his coat. Other bio-inspired products include adhesives, waterproof materials, and solar cells among many others. Scientists often look at nature to get ideas and designs for products that can help us. We call this study of nature biomimetics (see Resource section for further information).
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  • Joseph Henry
    MEMOIR JOSEPH HENRY. SIMON NEWCOMB. BEAD BEFORE THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OP SCIENCES, APRIL 21, 1880. (1) BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR OF JOSEPH HENRY. In presenting to the Academy the following notice of its late lamented President the writer feels that an apology is due for the imperfect manner in which he has been obliged to perform the duty assigned him. The very richness of the material has been a source of embarrassment. Few have any conception of the breadth of the field occupied by Professor Henry's researches, or of the number of scientific enterprises of which he was either the originator or the effective supporter. What, under the cir- cumstances, could be said within a brief space to show what the world owes to him has already been so well said by others that it would be impracticable to make a really new presentation without writing a volume. The Philosophical Society of this city has issued two notices which together cover almost the whole ground that the writer feels competent to occupy. The one is a personal biography—the affectionate and eloquent tribute of an old and attached friend; the other an exhaustive analysis of his scientific labors by an honored member of the society well known for his philosophic acumen.* The Regents of the Smithsonian Institution made known their indebtedness to his administration in the memorial services held in his honor in the Halls of Congress. Under these circumstances the onl}*- practicable course has seemed to be to give a condensed resume of Professor Henry's life and works, by which any small occasional gaps in previous notices might be filled.
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  • L. Observations on Some Peculiar Properties Acquired by Plates of Platina, Which Have Been Used As the Electrodes of a Voltaic Battery
    Philosophical Magazine Series 3 ISSN: 1941-5966 (Print) 1941-5974 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tphm14 L. Observations on some peculiar properties acquired by plates of platina, which have been used as the electrodes of a voltaic battery Golding Bird M.D. F.L.S. F.G.S. To cite this article: Golding Bird M.D. F.L.S. F.G.S. (1838) L. Observations on some peculiar properties acquired by plates of platina, which have been used as the electrodes of a voltaic battery , Philosophical Magazine Series 3, 13:83, 379-386, DOI: 10.1080/14786443808649597 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786443808649597 Published online: 01 Jun 2009. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 3 View related articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=3phm20 Download by: [University of California, San Diego] Date: 26 June 2016, At: 07:29 Dr. {3. Bird on certain Properties of Platina Electrodes. 379 tive or negative divergence. The discharge took place in both my cases on a leaf of writing paper moistened with distilled water, which was applied to the inferior plate of the condenser, while another leaf of moist paper covering the upper plate was touched with the fingers in order to make everything alike on both sides with respect to the condenser. The most simple form of the experiment might however be this; that a zinc condenser plate should be immediately touched with the moist fingers, which, as others have already observed, is sufficient to produce a negative shock.
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  • A Fresh Look at Induction Heating of Tubular Products
    htprof.qxd 5/2/04 1:22 PM Page 1 he extensive use of metal tubing A fresh look at in thousands of products de- Tube T mands a wide range of process concepts. For example, in automotive induction heating manufacturing alone, new applica- Solid cylinder tions for tubing are being advanced at High coil efficiency for of tubular products: an expanding rate. These typically solid cylinder small- and medium-size tubular parts Coil efficiency Part 1 include stabilizer bars, intrusion High coil efficiency for beams, structural rails, steering hollow cylinder columns, axles, and shock absorbers. F F F The air conditioning and refrigeration 1 2 Frequency 3 industries and oil- and gas-transmis- Fig. 1 — Conditions for maximizing the elec- sion lines have high-pressure require- trical efficiency of the induction coil are different ments where larger tubular prod- for tubes and solid cylinders, as shown by these ucts are used. In all of these plots of coil efficiency vs. frequency. (Ref. 1) PROFESSOR applications, induction heat- ing has proven effective. the optimal frequency, which corre- INDUCTION Although there are many sponds to maximum coil electrical ef- Valery I. Rudnev • Inductoheat Group similarities, there are several process ficiency, is shifted toward lower fre- features and physical phenomena quencies (frequencies between F1 and Professor Induction wel- that distinguish induction heating of F2 for tubes instead of between F2 and 1 comes comments, ques- tubular products from induction F3 for solid cylinders). The optimal tions, and suggestions for heating of solid cylinders. The condi- frequency for heating tubes (hollow future columns.
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  • A Chronological History of Electrical Development from 600 B.C
    From the collection of the n z m o PreTinger JJibrary San Francisco, California 2006 / A CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY OF ELECTRICAL DEVELOPMENT FROM 600 B.C. PRICE $2.00 NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION 155 EAST 44th STREET NEW YORK 17, N. Y. Copyright 1946 National Electrical Manufacturers Association Printed in U. S. A. Excerpts from this book may be used without permission PREFACE presenting this Electrical Chronology, the National Elec- JNtrical Manufacturers Association, which has undertaken its compilation, has exercised all possible care in obtaining the data included. Basic sources of information have been search- ed; where possible, those in a position to know have been con- sulted; the works of others, who had a part in developments referred to in this Chronology, and who are now deceased, have been examined. There may be some discrepancies as to dates and data because it has been impossible to obtain unchallenged record of the per- son to whom should go the credit. In cases where there are several claimants every effort has been made to list all of them. The National Electrical Manufacturers Association accepts no responsibility as being a party to supporting the claims of any person, persons or organizations who may disagree with any of the dates, data or any other information forming a part of the Chronology, and leaves it to the reader to decide for him- self on those matters which may be controversial. No compilation of this kind is ever entirely complete or final and is always subject to revisions and additions. It should be understood that the Chronology consists only of basic data from which have stemmed many other electrical developments and uses.
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  • Joseph Saxton
    MEMOIR OP JOSEPH SAXTON. 1799-1873. BY JOSEPH HENRY. HEAD BEFOEB THB NATIONAL ACADEMY, OCT. 4,1874. 28T BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR OF JOSEPH SAXTON. MR. PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN OF THE ACADEMY :— AT the last session of the National Academy of Sciences I was appointed to prepare an account of the life and labors of our lamented associate, Joseph Saxton, whose death we have been called to mourn. From long acquaintance and friendly relations with the deceased, the discharge of the duty thus devolved upon me has been a labor of love, but had he been personally unknown to me, the preparation of the eulogy would have been none the less a sacred duty, which I was not at liberty on any account to neglect. It is an obligation we owe to the Academy and the world to cherish the memory of our departed associates; their reputation is a precious inheritance to the Academy which exalts its character and extends its usefulness. Man is a sympathetic and imitative being, and through these characteristics of his nature the memories of good men produce an important influence on posterity, and therefore should be cherished and perpetuated. Moreover, the certainty of having a just tribute paid to our memory after our departure is one of the most powerful inducements to purity of life and propriety of deportment. The object of the National Academy is the advancement of science, and no one is considered eligible for membership who has not made positive additions to the sum of human knowledge, or in other words, has not done something to entitle him to the appellation of scientific.
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  • Handbook of Induction Heating Theoretical Background
    This article was downloaded by: 10.3.98.104 On: 28 Sep 2021 Access details: subscription number Publisher: CRC Press Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG, UK Handbook of Induction Heating Valery Rudnev, Don Loveless, Raymond L. Cook Theoretical Background Publication details https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.1201/9781315117485-3 Valery Rudnev, Don Loveless, Raymond L. Cook Published online on: 11 Jul 2017 How to cite :- Valery Rudnev, Don Loveless, Raymond L. Cook. 11 Jul 2017, Theoretical Background from: Handbook of Induction Heating CRC Press Accessed on: 28 Sep 2021 https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.1201/9781315117485-3 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR DOCUMENT Full terms and conditions of use: https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/legal-notices/terms This Document PDF may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproductions, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The publisher shall not be liable for an loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. 3 Theoretical Background Induction heating (IH) is a multiphysical phenomenon comprising a complex interac- tion of electromagnetic, heat transfer, metallurgical phenomena, and circuit analysis that are tightly interrelated and highly nonlinear because the physical properties of materi- als depend on magnetic field intensity, temperature, and microstructure.
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  • Samuel Simms Medical Collection
    Shelfmark Title Author Publication Information Clinical lectures on diseases of the nervous system, delivered at the Infirmary of La Salpêtrière / by Charcot, J. M. (Jean London : New Sydenham Society, Simm/ RC358 CHAR Professor J.M. Charcot ; translated by Thomas Sv ill ; containing eighty-six woodcuts. Martin) 1889. Simm/ p QP101 FAUR Ars medica Italorum laus : la scoperta della circolazione del sangue è gloria italiana. Faure, Giovanni. Roma : Don Luigi Guanella" 1933 Brockbank, Edward Manchester (Eng.) : G. Falkner, Simm/ p QD22.D2 BROC John Dalton, experimental physiologist and would-be physician / by E. M. Brockbank. Mansfield, 1866- 1929. Queen's University of q Z988 QUEE Interim short-title list of Samuel Simms collection (in the Medical Library). Belfast. Library. Belfast : 1965-1972. Sepulchretum, sive, Anatomia practica : ex cadaveribus morbo denatis, proponens historias et observationes omnium humani corporis affectuum, ipsorumq : causas reconditas revelans : quo nomine, tam pathologiæ genuinæ, quà m nosocomiæ orthodoxæ fundatrix, imo medicinæ veteris Bonet, Théophile, Genevæ : Sumptibus Cramer & Simm/ f RB24 BONE ac novæ promptuarium, dici meretur : cum indicibus necessariis / Theophili Boneti. 1620-1689. Perachon, 1700. Jo. Baptistæ Morgagni P. P. P. P. De sedibus, et causis morborum per anatomen indagatis libri quinque : Dissectiones, et animadversiones, nunc primum editas, complectuntur propemodum innumeras, medicis, chirurgis, anatomicis profuturas. Multiplex præfixus est index rerum, & nominum Morgagni, Giambattista, Venetiis : Ex typographia Simm/ f RB24 MORG accuratissimus. Tomus primus (-secundus). 1682-1771. Remondiniana, MDCCLXI (1761). Ortus medicinae, id est Initia physicae inaudita : progressus medicinae nouus, in morborum vltionem Lugduni : Sumptibus Ioan. Ant. ad vitam longam / authore Ioan. Baptista Van Helmont ... ; edente authoris filio Francisco Mercurio Van Helmont, Jean Baptiste Huguetan, & Guillielmi Barbier, Simm/ f R128.7 HELM Helmont ; cum eius praefatione ex Belgico translata.
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  • Historical Perspective of Electricity
    B - Circuit Lab rev.1.04 - December 19 SO Practice - 12-19-2020 Just remember, this test is supposed to be hard because everyone taking this test is really smart. Historical Perspective of Electricity 1. (1.00 pts) The first evidence of electricity in recorded human history was… A) in 1752 when Ben Franklin flew his kite in a lightning storm. B) in 1600 when William Gilbert published his book on magnetism. C) in 1708 when Charles-Augustin de Coulomb held a lecture stating that two bodies electrified of the same kind of Electricity exert force on each other. D) in 1799 when Alessandro Volta invented the voltaic pile which proved that electricity could be generated chemically. E) in 1776 when André-Marie Ampère invented the electric telegraph. F) about 2500 years ago when Thales of Miletus noticed that a piece of amber attracted straw or feathers when he rubbed it with cloth. 2. (3.00 pts) The word electric… (Mark ALL correct answers) A) was first used in printed text when it was published in William Gilber’s book on magnetism. B) comes from the Greek word ήλεκτρο (aka “electron”) meaning amber. C) adapted the meaning “charged with electricity” in the 1670s. D) was first used by Nicholas Callen in 1799 to describe mail transmitted over telegraph wires, “electric-mail” or “email”. E) was cast in stone by Greek emperor Julius Caesar when he knighted Archimedes for inventing the electric turning lathe. F) was first used by Michael Faraday when he described electromagnetic induction in 1791. 3. (5.00 pts) Which five people, who made scientific discoveries related to electricity, were alive at the same time? (Mark ALL correct answers) A) Charles-Augustin de Coulomb B) Alessandro Volta C) André-Marie Ampère D) Georg Simon Ohm E) Michael Faraday F) Gustav Robert Kirchhoff 4.
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