2013 Minerals Yearbook

U.S. Department of the Interior September 2016 U.S. Geological Survey The Mineral Industries of Central America

Belize, , El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, , and By Susan Wacaster

Owing primarily to the expansion of the , the owing to declining reserves (Comisión Económica para América economy of Panama continued to lead economic growth in Latina y el Caribe, 2014). the Central America region. In 2013, the real (GDP) growth rate in the region remained positive but Reference Cited slowed in all countries except Guatemala; the year-on-year growth rate in Panama was 8.4%. Across the region, exports by Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, 2014, Balance the agriculture and manufacturing sectors decreased. A preliminary de las economias de America Latina y el Caribe 2013—Belice: Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, 2 p. (Accessed plant disease had taken a major toll on coffee production and November 1, 2014, at http://www.cepal.org/publicaciones/xml/2/51822/ coffee exports throughout Central America, and the price and BPE-Belice.pdf.) amount of most imports increased, particularly for energy and food (Central Bank of Belize, 2014, p. 6–7). COSTA RICA The mineral sector in Central America accounted for less than 1% of the GDP, on average, for the entire region from 2008 Mining and quarrying remained insignificant to the national through 2012. Costa Rica reported the least amount of activity economy of Costa Rica. Mining and quarrying activities and Panama reported the greatest amount of activity during this contributed 0.1% of Costa Rica’s real GDP each year from 5-year period. In 2013, the value contributed to the GDP from 2009 through 2013. In 2013, the value contributed to real GDP mining and quarrying increased or stayed the same in all the by mining and quarrying was about $30 million compared countries of the region except Honduras (Comisión Económica with $29 million in 2012. In 2013, Costa Rica imported about para América Latina y el Caribe, 2014; González, 2014). $2.2 million worth of unspecified hydrocarbon products, which appeared to be the cost of crude petroleum imports (Banco References Cited Central de Costa Rica, 2014, p. 31; Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, 2014). Central Bank of Belize, 2014, Belize—2013—Annual report and statement of accounts: Belize City, Belize, Central Bank of Belize, April, 154 p. Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, 2014, CEPALSTAT— References Cited Estadisticas e Indicadores—Económicos—Sector real—Cuentas nacionales—Anuales—En dólares: United Nations. (Accessed Banco Central de Costa Rica, 2014, Memoria annual 2013: San Jose, Costa November 1, 2014, at http://estadisticas.cepal.org/cepalstat/WEB_ Rica, Banco Central de Costa Rica, 79 p. CEPALSTAT/estadisticasIndicadores.asp?idioma=s.) Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, 2014, CEPALSTAT— González, Leyda, 2014, La explotación de minas y canteras aporto poco al Estadisticas e Indicadores—Económicos—Sector real—Cuentas PIB de la región, mientras su potencial se frena por disputas legales y la nacionales—Anuales—En dólares: United Nations. (Accessed conflictividad: Mercados & Tendencias. (Accessed November 5, 2014, at November 1, 2014, at http://estadisticas.cepal.org/cepalstat/WEB_ http://revistamyt.com/2014/05/mineria-2014-potencial-que-duerme.) CEPALSTAT/estadisticasIndicadores.asp?idioma=s.)

BELIZE EL SALVADOR

Belize was not a globally or regionally significant mineral- In 2013, El Salvador’s year-on-year real GDP growth rate producing country in 2013 nor was it prospective for nonfuel was about 1.7% compared with a revised 1.9% in 2012. The mineral commodity production in the near term. The year- estimated value of production from mines and quarries was on-year GDP growth rate was 1.6% in 2013 compared with $50.1 million, which accounted for about 0.2% of the total a growth rate of 4.0% in 2012. Slow economic growth was GDP and was the same as revised values for 2012. In March attributable to decreased production in the agricultural, 2012, Puma Energy International acquired 65% ownership electricity generation, and petroleum sectors. Mining and in the Acajutla refinery, which the company was using for quarrying accounted for no more than 0.5% of the country’s storage capacity. The two storage terminals at the facility had GDP in every year from 1996 through 2013 and for no more a combined volume of 293,200 cubic meters. Beginning in than 0.6% in 1992 (the earliest year for which data were September 2012, El Salvador halted imports of crude petroleum available) through 1995. Belize Natural Energy Ltd.’s petroleum and imported only refined petroleum products. The country production decreased by about 23% in the first half of 2013 exported about $129 million worth of fuels and lubricants in compared with the same period in 2012 to 419,189 barrels 2013 (Portillo, 2013; Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, 2014).

Central America—2013 6.1 References Cited Lead production at Nyrstar NV of ’s El Mochito Mine decreased to 11,600 t, or by 6.5% compared with that of Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, 2014, CEPALSTAT— 2012. Zinc production decreased by 4% to 25,000 t, and silver Estadisticas e Indicadores—Económicos—Sector real—Cuentas production increased by 0.6% to 50,910 kg. Despite a 3.6% nacionales—Anuales—En dólares: United Nations. (Accessed November 1, 2014, at http://estadisticas.cepal.org/cepalstat/WEB_ increase in ore production at El Mochito, total metal output CEPALSTAT/estadisticasIndicadores.asp?idioma=s.) decreased because of a decrease in the millhead grade (Nyrstar Portillo, Miguel, 2013, El Salvador ya no importa crudo, solo combustible NV, 2014, p. 25). refinado: La Presna Gráfica [El Salvador]. (Accessed November 4, 2014, at http://www.laprensagrafica.com/el-salvador-ya-no-importa-crudo--solo- combustible-refinado.) References Cited

Aura Minerals Inc., 2014, Aura Minerals announces year end 2013 GUATEMALA financial and operating results: Aura Minerals Inc., March 26. (Accessed November 4, 2014, at http://www.auraminerals.com/News-Events/ In 2013, Guatemala’s year-on-year real GDP growth rate was News-Releases/News-Release-Details/2014/Aura-Minerals-Announces-Year- about 3.7% compared with 3.0% in 2012. The value contributed End-2013-Financial-and-Operating-Results/default.aspx.) Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, 2014, CEPALSTAT— to the GDP from mining and quarrying activities in 2013 Estadisticas e Indicadores—Económicos—Sector real—Cuentas increased to about $426.1 million, or by 3.5% compared with nacionales—Anuales—En dólares: United Nations. (Accessed that of 2012. Mining and quarrying activity accounted for about November 1, 2014, at http://estadisticas.cepal.org/cepalstat/WEB_ 0.9% of the GDP (Comisión Económica para América Latina y CEPALSTAT/estadisticasIndicadores.asp?idioma=s.) Nyrstar NV, 2014, Nyrstar announces 2013 full year results: Zurich, el Caribe, 2014). Switzerland, Nyrstar NV, February 6, 29 p. Silver production increased by 38% in 2013 compared with that of 2012 owing to the startup of Tahoe Resources Inc. NICARAGUA of Canada’s Escobal Mine. The Escobal epithermal deposit is a fault-controlled epithermal vein system. The primary Nicaragua’s year-on-year real GDP growth rate was 4.6% commodity at the Escobal Mine is silver followed by lesser in 2013 compared with a revised 5.0% in 2012. The value amounts of gold, lead, and zinc. In 2013, Tahoe Resources contributed to the GDP from mining and quarrying activities processed 159,000 metric tons (t) of ore from which was increased by 21.7% to $117.9 million compared with a revised produced 64,104 kilograms (kg) of silver, 865 t of zinc, 818 t of $96.9 million in 2012 and accounted for about 1.1% of the GDP lead, and 60 kg of gold (Tahoe Resources Inc., 2014, p. 31). (Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, 2014). Gold production from Goldcorp Inc. of Canada’s Marlin Mine In 2013, gold production increased by 23.3% compared with decreased to about 6,290 kg, or by by 2.4% compared with that that of 2012, and silver production increased by 34.6%. The of 2012, owing to the continued decrease in the millhead grade. increase in reported gold production was owing to a projected Silver production, however, increased by 7.1% to about 219,100 kg 2013 production total released by Hemco Nicaragua S.A. for the owing to a 1% increase in the recovery rate (Goldcorp Inc., Rio Bambana gold mine. Silver production increased as a result 2014, p. 45). of increased production at the Bonanza and La Libertad Mines (table 1). References Cited Reference Cited Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, 2014, CEPALSTAT— Estadisticas e Indicadores—Económicos—Sector real—Cuentas nacionales—Anuales—En dólares: United Nations. (Accessed Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, 2014, CEPALSTAT— November 1, 2014, at http://estadisticas.cepal.org/cepalstat/WEB_ Estadisticas e Indicadores—Económicos—Sector real—Cuentas CEPALSTAT/estadisticasIndicadores.asp?idioma=s.) nacionales—Anuales—En dólares: United Nations. (Accessed Goldcorp Inc., 2014, Annual report 2013: Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, November 1, 2014, at http://estadisticas.cepal.org/cepalstat/WEB_ Goldcorp Inc., 150 p. CEPALSTAT/estadisticasIndicadores.asp?idioma=s.) Tahoe Resources Inc., 2014, Annual information form: Vancouver, British Columbia, Tahoe Resources Inc., March 12, 44 p. PANAMA

HONDURAS In 2013, Panama’s real GDP growth rate was 8.4% compared with a revised 10.2% in 2012. The value contributed to the In 2013, the Honduran year-on-year real GDP growth rate was GDP from mining and quarrying activities increased by about 2.6% compared with a revised 3.9% in 2012. The value 31.4% to $399.7 million and accounted for 1.1% of the GDP contributed to real GDP from mining and quarrying activities compared with a revised $304.1 million and 0.9% of the GDP, in 2013 decreased by 2.1% to about $42.8 million, which respectively, in 2012. Sustained economic growth in Panama accounted for about 0.24% of the GDP (Comisión Económica (the average GDP growth rate for 2011 through 2013 was para América Latina y el Caribe, 2014). 9.8%) was driven by its service-based economy, which was Gold production at Aura Minerals Inc. of Canada’s San maintained by the country’s industry, container Andres Mine in 2013 increased to 1,985 kg, or by 6.8% ports, communications sector, international banking sector, compared with that of 2012. The production increase was the Panama Canal (and its expansion), ship registry services, attributed to the addition of a new secondary crusher at the real estate, and tourism. Since 2011, about 5% of world trade mine’s processing plant (Aura Minerals Inc., 2014). transited through the Panama Canal, and mineral commodities

6.2 U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINERALS YEARBOOK—2013 made up about 20% of the canal’s traffic during that time operation. The project was expected to produce an average of (Mining Journal, 2013; Comisión Económica para América about 320,000 metric tons per year (t/yr) of copper; 3,500 t/yr of Latina y el Caribe, 2014). molybdenum; 56,000 kilograms per year (kg/yr) of silver; and Gold production decreased to about 2,099 kg in 2013, or by 3,100 kg/yr of gold during an estimated 34-year mine life. First 0.8% compared with the output in 2012. All the gold output was Quantum expected to spend $600 million on development at from Petaquilla Minerals Ltd. of Canada’s Molejon Mine, which Cobre Panama in 2014 as part of the total expected capital costs was the only operating gold mine in Panama. Molejon was in its of $6.4 billion that would be required to bring the project into third year of commercial production (table 1). operation (Franco-Nevada Corp., 2014; Williams, 2014). Panama was expected to become a major copper-exporting country when First Quantum Minerals Ltd. of Canada’s Cobre References Cited Panama project begins commercial production. In May 2013, First Quantum Minerals Ltd. (based in Vancouver, British Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, 2014, CEPALSTAT— Columbia) completed its acquisition of Toronto, Ontario- Estadisticas e Indicadores—Económicos—Sector real—Cuentas nacionales—Anuales—En dólares: United Nations. (Accessed based Inmet Mining Corp.’s subsidiary FQM (Akubra) Inc., November 1, 2014, at http://estadisticas.cepal.org/cepalstat/WEB_ which owned an 80% share of the Cobre Panama property. CEPALSTAT/estadisticasIndicadores.asp?idioma=s.) The acquisition made First Quantum the majority owner and Franco-Nevada Corp., 2014, Franco-Nevada provides updates on Cobre Panama, projected operator of the mine. The Cobre Panama project is timing of release of 2013 results and 2014 outlook: Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Franco-Nevada Corp., January 28, 1 p. expected to reach commercial production in the second half of Mining Journal, 2013, Central America—High potential: Mining Journal, 2017. The development timeframe and operating parameters December 7. (Accessed November 1, 2014, at www.corazongold.com/i/pdf/ for the Cobre Panama project were revised in 2013. The revised CentralAm.pdf.) project would have an installed capacity of about 70 million Williams, Samuel, 2014, First Quantum to spend US$600mn at Cobre Panama in 2014: Business News , February 21. (Accessed November 1, 2014, metric tons per year (Mt/yr) of ore for the first 10 years with at http://subscriber.bnamericas.com/Subscriber/index.jsp?idioma=I&tipoCont further expansion to 100 Mt/yr beyond the 10th year of enido=detalle&pagina=content&idContenido=639373&tipoDocumento=1.)

Central America—2013 6.3 taBle 1 Central ameriCa: PrODUCtiOn OF mineral COmmODitieS1

(metric tons unless otherwise specified)

Country and commodity2 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 BeliZe e Petroleum, crude thousand 42-gallon barrels 1,609 1,514 1,442 1,030 800 COSta riCa e Cement thousand metric tons 2,100 1,500 r 1,400 r 1,400 r 1,500 Gold, mine output, au content kilograms 150 300 500 400 300 iron and steel, semimanufacturese thousand metric tons 319 3 400 400 400 400 Petroleum, refinery products thousand 42-gallon barrels 17,062 r 17,904 r 18,545 r 18,249 r 19,016 Stone, sand and gravel: Crushed rock and rough stonee thousand cubic meters 3,500 7,142 3 6,187 3 5,000 5,000 e limestone and calcareous materials do. 1,500 e 900 1,500 2,284 2,000 Sand and gravele do. 3,500 2,667 3 3,476 3 3,000 3,000 Sandstonee do. 150 124 3 122 3 125 125 el SalVaDOr Cement, hydraulic thousand metric tons 1,212 1,290 r 1,320 r 1,380 r 1,400 e iron and steel, metal: Semimanufactures 69,000 78,000 97,000 100,000 e 100,000 e Steel, crude 56,000 64,000 100,000 102,000 100,000 e GUatemala metals: antimony, mine output, Sb content ------62 67 e Gold, mine output, au content kilograms 8,897 9,213 11,898 6,473 6,384 iron and steel: iron ore, gross weight 5,463 1,604 1,160 1,000 950 e Semimanufacturese do. 288 3 300 300 250 250 Steel, crude thousand metric tons 224 274 445 334 320 lead ------2,300 2,100 e Silver, mine output, ag content kilograms 129,280 194,683 272,771 204,555 283,204 Zinc, run of mine, Zn content ------1,221 industrial minerals: Cement, hydraulic thousand metric tons 1,500 2,794 r 2,850 r 2,880 r 3,000 e Clays: Bentonite 14,284 22,423 44,463 13,200 r 40,522 Ferruginous (includes clay and sand) thousand metric tons 219 201 152 150 e 150 e Kaolin 1,879 2,143 4,057 1,866 2,953 Unspecified 40,029 41,123 41,198 66,392 78,978 Feldspar 5,762 402 2,890 19,356 19,611 Gypsum, crude thousand metric tons 19 59 46 100 r 118 Jadeite 18 8 27 33 89 magnesium compounds (magnesite) 17,247 -- 311 27,132 17,200 Pumice (sand) cubic meters 394,955 r 34,116 r 1,447,528 r na 90,701 Quartz 1,000 r 500 r 500 r 500 r,e 500 e Salte thousand metric tons 50 50 50 60 60 Stone, sand and gravel: Sand and gravel, natural: Building (foundation) sand thousand cubic meters 14 -- 5 10 5 river sand and gravel do. 174 88 81 261 50 Sand and gravel, common do. 118 204 702 500 e 333 Silica sand 35,933 62,098 60,000 e 48,664 53,242 Stone dust cubic meters 9,446 2,845 8,607 1,531 2,000 e Volcanic ash and sand thousand cubic meters 418 1,246 1,448 1,500 e 1,500 e Stone, crude: Basalt cubic meters 62,057 r 1,239,720 r 489,845 r 35,959 r 52,756 Basaltic andesite do. 56,534 1,155,959 1,051,132 1,007,465 1,247,957 Dolomite do. 2,051 3,817 4,908 1,948 12,593 See footnotes at end of table.

6.4 U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINERALS YEARBOOK—2013 taBle 1—Continued Central ameriCa: PrODUCtiOn OF mineral COmmODitieS1

(metric tons unless otherwise specified)

Country and commodity2 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 GUatemala—Continued industrial minerals—Continued: Stone, sand and gravel—Continued: Stone, crude—Continued: Flagstone, phyllite cubic meters 86 67 410 r 230 193 Granite 1,584 336 161 1,667 1,275 limestone, crude cubic meters 1,687,542 r 1,888,573 r 1,900,000 r, e 1,888,259 r 1,786,337 marble do. 20,720 72,063 75,000 r, e 81,400 r 93,482 marle do. 14,942 3 15,000 r 15,000 r 15,000 r 15,000 Schist do. 173,955 r 148,628 r 180,553 r 185,688 182,652 Steatite 187 206 150 e 138 90 talc 6,168 1,969 8,300 2,311 7,084 tuff cubic meters 39,222 184,541 126,138 58,656 r 163,638 mineral fuels and related materials: Coal, lignite -- 2 -- 2 1 3 3 natural gas, grosse thousand cubic meters 410 360 400 400 400 Petroleum: Crude thousand 42-gallon barrels 4,933 4,363 3,995 3,876 r 3,645 refinery products: asphalt 42-gallon barrels 389,350 r 299,920 r 275,000 r 193,740 r 164 Diesel do. 166,700 r 153,240 r 193,050 r 227,790 r 201,700 Kerosene do. 7,850 r 3,240 r 7,130 r 2,880 r 2,910 refinery gas do. 15,830 r 15,900 r 36,510 r 32,670 r 18,180 total do. 580,320 r 472,300 r 511,690 r 457,260 r 222,954 HOnDUraS e Cement thousand metric tons 1,800 1,600 r 1,620 r 1,730 r 1,700 Gold, mine output, au content kilograms 2,127 2,197 1,893 1,858 1,985 lead, mine output, Pb content 14,471 16,944 16,954 12,400 11,600 Silver, mine output, ag content kilograms 57,697 58,158 53,167 50,605 50,910 Zinc, mine output, Zn content 36,370 33,839 26,000 26,000 25,000 niCaraGUa e Cement thousand metric tons 530 600 700 730 700 Gold, mine output, au content kilograms 2,590 4,900 6,395 6,981 8,610 Gypsum and anhydrite, crude 37,400 20,330 29,710 34,890 36,500 lime 3,127 2,065 2,140 5,575 r 6,832 Pumice, stone cubic meters 150 950 20 70 10 Sand, unspecified thousand cubic meters 144 174 266 243 279 Silver, mine output, ag content kilograms 4,492 6,995 7,927 10,207 13,743 Stone: Crushed thousand cubic meters 722 743 929 1,084 1,109 Quarried, unspecified thousand metric tons 6,932 7,452 8,083 9,216 9,344 tuff, volcanic do. 118 134 117 142 186 Panama Cement thousand metric tons 1,679 1,491 r 1,766 r 2,252 r 2,000 e Gold, mine output, au content kilograms 800 870 1,675 2,115 2,099 Salt 19,552 r 27,592 r 16,580 r 15,607 r 15,000 e eestimated; estimated data are rounded to no more than three significant digits. rrevised. do. Ditto. na not available. -- Zero. 1table includes data available through november 5, 2014. 2in addition to the commodities listed, additional cement, clay, construction materials, diatomite, dolomite, gold, gravel, limestone, marl, refinery products, sand, and semimanufactures are produced, but available information is inadequate to make reliable estimates of output. 3reported figure.

Central America—2013 6.5 taBle 2 Central ameriCa: StrUCtUre OF tHe mineral inDUStrieS in 2013

(thousand metric tons unless otherwise specified)

major operating companies annual Country and commodity and major equity owners location of main facilities capacitye BeliZe Petroleum thousand Belize natural energy ltd. (Bne), 100% Spanish lookout and never Delay, 1,000 42-gallon barrels Cayo District COSta riCa Cement, limestone, Holcim Costa rica S.a. (Holcim ltd., 59.8%, and Cartago cement plant, aguas Calientes 1,200 including marl other private, 40.2%) Do. CemeX Costa rica S.a. (CemeX S.a.B de C.V., Colorado de abangares cement plant, 900 98.7%, and other private, 1.3%) Guancaste Province, and Guatuso de Patarra cement grinding and bagging plant, San Jose Clays do. tajo Finca clay quarry, near city of Platanar 100 limestone do. Cerro Pena Blanca limestone quarry, 300 Guancaste Province Do. Holcim Costa rica S.a. (Holcim ltd., 59.8%, and la Chilena and three other quarries near 650 other private, 40.2%) Cartago cement plant, Cartago Province Petroleum, refinery thousand refinadora Costarricense de Petróleo S.a. moín refinery, city of limon, limon 18,000 products 42-gallon barrels (reCOPe S.a.) (Government, 100%) Province Steel, semimanufactures laminadora Costarricense S.a. (mittal Steel rolling mill, steel manufacturing complex, 450 Company n.V., 50%, and Grupo Guapiles, Jimenez de Pococi, alajuela, y tibas Pujol-martí, 50%) el SalVaDOr Cement Cemento de el Salvador S.a. de C.V. (Holcim ltd., el ronco and maya plants, near metapan, 1,900 64.25%, and other private, 35.75%) Santa ana Department limestone do. Quarries near aldea el Zapote and Santa 440 ana, Santa ana Department Petroleum, refinery thousand refinería Petrolera acajutla S.a. de C.V. (raSa Puerto de acajutla, Sonsonate Department 8,000 products 42-gallon barrels de C.V.) (Puma energy international, 65%, (storage facility) and royal Dutch/Shell Group, 35%) Steel: Crude Corporación industrial Centroamericana S.a. de electric arc furnace, Quetzaltepeque, 60 C.V. (private, 100%) la libertad Department Semimanufactures do. Billet casting machine and rolling mill, 92 Quetzaltepeque, la libertad Department GUatemala antimony metric tons minas de Guatemala S.a. (private, 100%) Clavito, la Florida, and los lirios mines, na ixtahuacan, Huehuetenango Department Cement Cementos Progreso S.a. (Grupo Cemcal Sa San miguel plant, Sanarate, el Progreso 3,000 Progresso, 100%) Department, and la Pedrera plant, Guatemala City Gold kilograms Goldcorp inc., 100% marlin mine, near municipalities of San 9,500 miguel ixtahuacan and Sipakapa, San marcos Department lead, run of mine tenango mining Company S.a., 100% Caquipec mine, alta Verapaz Department na tahoe resources inc. (100%) escobal mine, laguna de ayarza 800

lime HOrCalSa S.a. (Cementos Progreso S.a., 100%) San miguel plant, Sanarate, el Progreso 180 Department Petroleum, crude thousand Perenco plc, 100% rubelsanto and West Chinaja fields, alta 6,000 42-gallon barrels Verapaz Department, and Caribe, tierra Blanca, and Xan fields, Peten Department See footnotes at end of table.

6.6 U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINERALS YEARBOOK—2013 taBle 2—Continued Central ameriCa: StrUCtUre OF tHe mineral inDUStrieS in 2013

(thousand metric tons unless otherwise specified)

major operating companies annual Country and commodity and major equity owners location of main facilities capacitye GUatemala—Continued Silver kilograms tahoe resources inc., 100% escobal mine, laguna de ayarza 6,200 Steel: Crude Siderúrgica de Guatemala S.a. (SiDeGUa) electric arc furnace, near city of escuintla, 500 {Corporación aceros de Guatemala S.a. escuintla Department [Corporación Centroamericana del Acero S.A. (Gerdau S.a., 30%, and other private, 70%), 100%], 100%} Semimanufactures indeta S.a. (inDeta) {Corporación aceros de rolling mill at Colonia San ignacio, mixco, 250 Guatemala S.A. [Corporación Centroamericana near Guatemala City del acero S.a. (Gerdau S.a., 30%, and other private, 70%), 100%], 100%} Do. industria Galvanizadora, S.a. (inGaSa) Plant near Guatemala City 74 (industrias monterrey S.a. de C.V., 100%) Zinc kilograms tahoe resources inc. (100%) escobal mine, laguna de ayarza 6,200 HOnDUraS Cement Cementos del norte S.a. de C.V. (Holcim ltd., rio Bijao plant, municipality of San Pedro 1,100 24.2%, and inversiones Continental S.a., 75.8%) Sula, Cortes Department Do. Cementos argos Sa de CV, 53.3%, and other Piedras azules plant, municipality of 1,300 private, 46.7% Comayagua, Comayagua Department Gold kilograms aura minerals inc., 100% San andres mine, municipality of la Union, 3,300 Copan Department lead metric tons nyrstar nV, 100% el mochito mine, Santa Barbara Department, 650 90 kilometers south of San Pedro Sula Silver kilograms do. do. 650 Zinc metric tons do. do. 650 niCaraGUa Cement CemeX nicaragua S.a. (CemeX S.a.B. de C.V., San rafael del Sur plant, 45 kilometers from 600 100%, but on lease from Government) managua, and milling plant in managua Cement, clinker Holcim de nicaragua S.a. (Holcim ltd., 70%, and nagarote grinding plant, San rafael del Sur 350 other private, 30%) Gold kilograms B2 Gold Corp., 95% el limon mine, talavera deposit, 1,400 160 kilometers north of managua Do. do. B2 Gold Corp., 100% la libertad, 110 kilometers east of 540 managua Do. Hemco nicaragua S.a. rio Bambana, atlántico norte 2,000 Petroleum, refinery thousand refinería esso managua S.a. (exxon mobil Corp., managua, 64-kilometer pipeline 7,300 products 42-gallon barrels 100%) to the refinery from Puerto Sandino Panama Cement Cemento Panamá S.a. (Cementos del Caribe S.a., Grinding plant in Quebrancha, 800 50%, and Holcim ltd., 50%) Panama Province Do. Cemento Bayano S.a. (CemeX S.a.B. de C.V., Plant in Calzada larga, Panama Province 450 99.3%, and other private, 0.7%) Gold kilograms Petaquilla minerals ltd., 100% molejon mine, Panama Province 1,500 eestimated; estimated data are rounded to no more than three significant digits. Do., do. Ditto. na not available.

Central America—2013 6.7