Tape Recording
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How to Tape-Record Primate Vocalisations Version June 2001
How To Tape-Record Primate Vocalisations Version June 2001 Thomas Geissmann Institute of Zoology, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, D-30559 Hannover, Germany E-mail: [email protected] Key Words: Sound, vocalisation, song, call, tape-recorder, microphone Clarence R. Carpenter at Doi Dao (north of Chiengmai, Thailand) in 1937, with the parabolic reflector which was used for making the first sound- recordings of wild gibbons (from Carpenter, 1940, p. 26). Introduction Ornithologists have been exploring the possibilities and the methodology of tape- recording and archiving animal sounds for many decades. Primatologists, however, have only recently become aware that tape-recordings of primate sound may be just as valuable as traditional scientific specimens such as skins or skeletons, and should be preserved for posterity. Audio recordings should be fully documented, archived and curated to ensure proper care and accessibility. As natural populations disappear, sound archives will become increasingly important. This is an introductory text on how to tape-record primate vocalisations. It provides some information on the advantages and disadvantages of various types of equipment, and gives some tips for better recordings of primate vocalizations, both in the field and in the zoo. Ornithologists studying bird sound have to deal with very similar problems, and their introductory texts are recommended for further study (e.g. Budney & Grotke 1997; © Thomas Geissmann Geissmann: How to Tape-Record Primate Vocalisations 2 Kroodsman et al. 1996). For further information see also the websites listed at the end of this article. As a rule, prices for sound equipment go up over the years. Prices for equipment discussed below are in US$ and should only be used as very rough estimates. -
Instruction Manual
N A G R A 4.2 PORTABLE ANALOGUE AUDIO TAPE RECORDER INSTRUCTION MANUAL (KSA code No. 20 04 004 151) Kudelski S.A. NAGRA Tape Recorder Manufacturer CH-1033 Cheseaux / SWITZERLAND phone (021) 732 01 01 Copyright reserved for all countries telex 459 302 nagr ch February 1991 Edition Printed in Switzerland telefax (021) 732 01 00 http://www.nagraaudio.com NAGRA, KUDELSKI, NEOPILOT, NEOPILOTTON NAGRASTATIC, NAGRAFAX are registered trade - marks, property of KUDELSKI S.A. NAGRA Tape Recorders Manufacture NAGRA / KUDELSKI certifies that this instrument was thoroughly inspected and tested prior to leaving our factory and is in accordance with the data given in the accompanying test sheet. We guarantee the products of our own manufacture against any defect arising from faulty manufacture for a period of one year from the date of delivery. This guarantee covers the repair of confirmed defects or, if necessary, the replacement of the faulty parts, excluding all other indemnities. All freight costs, as well as customs duty and other possible charges, are at the customer's expense. Our guarantee remains valid in the event of emergency repairs or modifications being made by the user. However we reserve the right to invoice the customer for any damage caused by an unqualified person or a false maneuver by the operator. We decline any responsibility for any and all damages resulting, directly or indirectly, from the use of our products. Other products sold by KUDELSKI S.A. are covered by the guarantee clauses of their respective manufacturers. We decline any responsibility for damages resulting from the use of these products. -
VRX-SL Sales Brochure
Radio Systems VRX-SL Single Channel VHF Receiver Specifications Frequency To be specified within 136-174MHz Modulation Narrowband FM 12.5kHz or 25kHz channel spacing to be specified at time of order Sensitivity 107dBm (luV) signal modulated by 1kHz tone with a peak deviation of 2.5kHz produces an output s+n/n ratio greater than 26dB Squelch Threshold 120dB (0,2uV) nominal. Adjustable through control under battery cover Adjacent Channel Rejection Ratio Better than 75dB Spurious Response Better than 60dB Intermodulation Rejection Ratio Better than 60dB, measured as per MPT 1301 Desensitisation (Blocking) Level Better than -23dBm Spurious Outputs Excellent RF performance Less than -47dBm (20nW) Outputs Recorder-50mV rms (typical) into 20KO, Small size suitable both for discreet body-worn independent of volume setting communication and general portable applications Headphones-60mW typical into 8Q. Squelch-open collector/-ve ground. 'On' when receiver is muted Supply Voltage Outputs for headphones, recorder and squelch state 6-10VDC. Power Source Internal PP3 Alkaline battery. Simple interfacing for control of other equipment Rear panels with power input socket available. Battery Life Available with factory fitted scrambler With squelch lifted and standard headphones connected approximately 12 hours Supply Current The VRX-SL receiver, due to its small size, is generally intended for body- Less than 25mA with squelch lifted and no worn use. However, the receiver's excellent performance and facilities headphones. make it suitable for other portable applications. Temperature Range Above specifications measured between + 10°C to +35°C. Permissible operating Outputs temperature range-10°C to +60°C A single socket provides outputs for ear/headphones (including Front Panel Control inductive earpieces), tape recorder and squelch state. -
Aes 143Rd Convention Program October 18–21, 2017
AES 143RD CONVENTION PROGRAM OCTOBER 18–21, 2017 JAVITS CONVENTION CENTER, NY, USA The Winner of the 143rd AES Convention To be presented on Friday, Oct. 20, Best Peer-Reviewed Paper Award is: in Session 15—Posters: Applications in Audio A Statistical Model that Predicts Listeners’ * * * * * Preference Ratings of In-Ear Headphones: Session P1 Wednesday, Oct. 18 Part 1—Listening Test Results and Acoustic 9:00 am – 11:00 am Room 1E11 Measurements—Sean Olive, Todd Welti, Omid Khonsaripour, Harman International, Northridge, SIGNAL PROCESSING CA, USA Convention Paper 9840 Chair: Bozena Kostek, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland To be presented on Thursday, Oct. 18, in Session 7—Perception—Part 2 9:00 am P1-1 Generation and Evaluation of Isolated Audio Coding * * * * * Artifacts—Sascha Dick, Nadja Schinkel-Bielefeld, The AES has launched an opportunity to recognize student Sascha Disch, Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated members who author technical papers. The Student Paper Award Circuits IIS, Erlangen, Germany Competition is based on the preprint manuscripts accepted for the Many existing perceptual audio codec standards AES convention. define only the bit stream syntax and associated decod- A number of student-authored papers were nominated. The er algorithms, but leave many degrees of freedom to the excellent quality of the submissions has made the selection process encoder design. For a systematic optimization of encod- both challenging and exhilarating. er parameters as well as for education and training of The award-winning student paper will be honored during the experienced test listeners, it is instrumental to provoke Convention, and the student-authored manuscript will be consid- and subsequently assess individual coding artifact types ered for publication in a timely manner for the Journal of the Audio in an isolated fashion with controllable strength. -
Common Tape Manipulation Techniques and How They Relate to Modern Electronic Music
Common Tape Manipulation Techniques and How They Relate to Modern Electronic Music Matthew A. Bardin Experimental Music & Digital Media Center for Computation & Technology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 [email protected] ABSTRACT the 'play head' was utilized to reverse the process and gen- The purpose of this paper is to provide a historical context erate the output's audio signal [8]. Looking at figure 1, from to some of the common schools of thought in regards to museumofmagneticsoundrecording.org (Accessed: 03/20/2020), tape composition present in the later half of the 20th cen- the locations of the heads can be noticed beneath the rect- tury. Following this, the author then discusses a variety of angular protective cover showing the machine's model in the more common techniques utilized to create these and the middle of the hardware. Previous to the development other styles of music in detail as well as provides examples of the reel-to-reel machine, electronic music was only achiev- of various tracks in order to show each technique in process. able through live performances on instruments such as the In the following sections, the author then discusses some of Theremin and other early predecessors to the modern syn- the limitations of tape composition technologies and prac- thesizer. [11, p. 173] tices. Finally, the author puts the concepts discussed into a modern historical context by comparing the aspects of tape composition of the 20th century discussed previous to the composition done in Digital Audio recording and manipu- lation practices of the 21st century. Author Keywords tape, manipulation, history, hardware, software, music, ex- amples, analog, digital 1. -
MD-2321 Book ETOC
Contents Before using Important Safeguards........................ 2 MiniDisc Recorder Precautions ....................................... 3 Features............................................. 4 Supplied accessories......................... 4 Before operating this unit ................. 5 System connections .......................... 6 MD-2321 Operation Playing an MD.................................. 7 Recording to an MD ....................... 12 Using the program function (memory play) ............................. 19 Instruction Manual Editing the contents of an MD........ 20 Naming a track or disc.................... 24 A few important notes Precautions for handling the MiniDisc (MD) ...................... 26 Message list .................................... 26 Troubleshooting guide.................... 27 Rules for digital recording.............. 28 System limitations .......................... 29 Other informations Control positions and names .......... 30 Specifications ................................. 31 Thank you for purchasing the Onkyo MD-2321 Mini- Disc Recorder. Please read this manual thoroughly before making connections and plugging in the unit. Following the instructions in this manual will enable you to obtain optimum performance and listening enjoyment from your new MD-2321. Please retain this manual for future reference. WARNING: WARNING AVIS TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC SHOCK, RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPLIANCE TO RAIN OR DO NOT OPEN NE PAS OUVRIR MOISTURE. The -
What Is a Magnetic Tape Recorders
What is a Magnetic Tape Recorders Before explaining about magnetic tape recorders, I will tell you what a recorder is and what the uses of the recorder are? A recorder is used to produce a permanent record of the signal that is measured. A record is used to analyse how one variable varies with respect to another and how the signal saries with time. The objective of a recording system is to record and preserve information pertaining to measurement at a particular time and also to get an idea of the performance of the unit and to provide the results of the steps taken by the operator. The basic components of a general recorder are an operating mechanism to position the pen or writer on the paper and a paper mechanism for paper movement and a printing mechanism. Okay, now you know what is a recorder, why it is used and where it is used. Now I will explain about magnetic tape recorder. A magnetic tape recorder is used to record data which can be retrieved and reproduced in electrical form again. This recorder can record signals of high frequency. Description of Magnetic Tape Recorders: The magnetic tape is made of a thin sheet of tough plastic material; one side of it is coated with a magnetic material (iron oxide). The plastic base is usually polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyethylene terephthalate. Recording head, reproducing head and tape transport mechanism are also present. Operation of Magnetic Tape Recorders: 1. The recording head consists of core, coil and a fine air gap of about 10 micrometer. -
ARSC Guide to Audio Preservation
ARSC Guide to Audio Preservation Sam Brylawski, Maya Lerman, Robin Pike, Kathlin Smith, editors from last round: National Recording Preservation Board OF THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS ASSOCIATION FOR RECORDED SOUND COLLECTIONS Council on Library and Information Resources revised: National Recording Preservation Board OF THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS National Recording Registry OF THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS ISBN 978-1-932326-50-5 CLIR Publication No. 164 Copublished by: Association for Recorded Council on Library and The Library of Congress Sound Collections Information Resources 101 Independence Avenue, SE c/o Nathan Georgitis, Knight Library 1707 L Street NW, Suite 650 Washington, DC 20540 1299 University of Oregon Washington, DC 20036 Website at http://www.loc.gov Eugene, OR 97403 Website at http://www.clir.org Website at http://arsc-audio.org Commissioned for and sponsored by the National Recording Preservation Board of the Library of Congress. Publication inquiries should be directed to Kathlin Smith at the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR). Additional copies are available for $30 each. Orders may be placed through CLIR’s website at http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub164. The paper in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard 8 for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials ANSI Z39.48-1984. The ARSC Guide to Audio Preservation is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Photos with credits are excluded from -
Dynametric 717 SOUTH MYRTLE AVENUE • MONROVIA, CALIFORNIA 91016-3422 626-358-2559 • FAX 626-359-5701 • 800-525-6925
DynaMetric 717 SOUTH MYRTLE AVENUE • MONROVIA, CALIFORNIA 91016-3422 626-358-2559 • FAX 626-359-5701 • 800-525-6925 INSTRUCTIONS TMP-636S Telephone Transmit & Receive Patch For Use with Sound Card with PC Speakers P/N 44201 The TMP-636S Telephone Transmit & Receive Patch allows you to record and play back to your telephone from your PC sound card or tape recorder. Compatible with carbon and electret mics. It allows you to switch sound card operation between the phone and speakers or headphones. · Record telephone conversations · Record just your voice through your sound card (i.e. memos, repetitive, canned announcements…) · Playback from your sound card over the phone (announcements, music, phone conversations, etc.) or on your PC speakers or headphones Installation is easy, and operation is simple. The TMP-636S is compatible with analog and digital phones, and standard sound cards and tape recorders. You can leave it connected to your phone since it does not interfere with normal telephone operation. Will not record speakerphone. Install the TMP-636S according to the instructions below and operate your sound card controls as usual. Note: Make sure the "Monitor" switch on your sound card software (if any) is set to OFF to avoid feedback. Playback can be heard in your earphone and on the other end of the call with the switch in the ‘PHN’ position, or on your PC speakers or headphones in the ‘SPKR’ position. To Install: (See diagram) 1 Unplug handset (or headset) coil cord from the base of the telephone, and plug the short modular cord from TMP-636S in its place. -
Tape-Recording-1960
SPECIAL ISSUE: LEARNING WITH A TAPE RECORDER Ny r - R' 0001°I4ooaoII,L.> 4? 9I:'¡ ¡ 1 `3¡ o- l AT11 ' 1 L . aalf PurPI 11 tr: .z,zacr .goa . October,, 1960 35c frequency adjustéd .t ormulation for increase amic range recording. frequency oundcraft exclusive. FA- adjusted cannot -be incorporated in an tapes other than those the Soundcraft trademark! 9 Since the iitroduction of the new Soundcraft Tapes. with FA -4 fréquency adjusted formulation., thoy- sands of recordists_ have indicated their. preference: for this new magnetic medium. Their reasons are plain to .hear in every reel! More of the dynamic- range of music is captured on the sensitive FA -4 oxide' formulation-resulting in recordings that sparkle with new true-to-lifé dimension. You've never really - enjoyed the full capabilities of your tape recorder until you try Soundcraft Tapes with FA -4 Frequéncy Adjusted Formulation. Búy Soundcraft Tapes today! They cost no more than conventional tapes! S(UNDCRAFT SOUNDCRAFT SOUNDCRAFT. ' """` w` SOUNDCRAFT ¡ """""w SOUNOCRAfT ± ,,S(UNOCRAFi ^ SOUNDCRAFT ' ISOUNOCRAFT SOUNDCRAFT .! SOUNDCRAfT SOUNDCRAFT qDUNOCRAFT i UNDCRAFT UNOCRAFT ,, UNDCRAfT DCRAFT 1.DCRAFT 11112 °CRAFT .DCRAFT . DCRAfTDCRAFI dDCRAFT .+ DCRAFT DCRAFTDCRAfT aDCRRAAFFTT i j 'OUDRA OUNOCRAfT l S(UNDCRA SOUNDCRAFT d SOUNDCRAFT .--- : - % S(UDCRAFT-SOUNDCRAFT (--..rz-ISOUNDCRAFT )aOUNOCRAFTSOUNDCRAFT SOUNDCRAfT There's a Soundcraft Tape for every.recording.. need. Write for literature: Great Pasture Rd., Danbury, Conn. Chicago: 28 E. Jackson Blird. Los Angeles: 342 N. LaBrea Toronto: 700 Weston 'Rd.- REEVES. SOU N D CRAFT:CÓRP IN:TAPETTRECORD BI NEWS u , -_---e. P L 'r Y ._3/ . - S ? K 4 C K - S j;E-É REO _ . -
Sound Evidence: an Archaeology of Audio Recording and Surveillance in Popular Film and Media
Sound Evidence: An Archaeology of Audio Recording and Surveillance in Popular Film and Media by Dimitrios Pavlounis A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Screen Arts and Cultures) in the University of Michigan 2016 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Sheila C. Murphy, Chair Emeritus Professor Richard Abel Professor Lisa Ann Nakamura Associate Professor Aswin Punathambekar Professor Gerald Patrick Scannell © Dimitrios Pavlounis 2016 For My Parents ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My introduction to media studies took place over ten years ago at McGill University where Ned Schantz, Derek Nystrom, and Alanna Thain taught me to see the world differently. Their passionate teaching drew me to the discipline, and their continued generosity and support made me want to pursue graduate studies. I am also grateful to Kavi Abraham, Asif Yusuf, Chris Martin, Mike Shortt, Karishma Lall, Amanda Tripp, Islay Campbell, and Lees Nickerson for all of the good times we had then and have had since. Thanks also to my cousins Tasi and Joe for keeping me fed and laughing in Montreal. At the University of Toronto, my entire M.A. cohort created a sense of community that I have tried to bring with me to Michigan. Learning to be a graduate student shouldn’t have been so much fun. I am especially thankful to Rob King, Nic Sammond, and Corinn Columpar for being exemplary scholars and teachers. Never have I learned so much in a year. To give everyone at the University of Michigan who contributed in a meaningful way to the production of this dissertation proper acknowledgment would mean to write another dissertation-length document. -
Audio Devices Inc. 1959-1960 Audio Tape Recorder Directory
THE 1959-1960 Published by AUDIO DEVICES, INC. 444 Madison Ave;ue, New York 22, N •. Trod• Mork• www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com 2 AVDIO RECORD Random Scenes TAPE IN THE MAKING From the Audiotape Plant Feeding on Audiotape coating machine with the layer of extra strong adhHlve, which is quickly large rolls of base material - cellulose acetate or dried . Then magnetic oxide is coated on with " Mylar" - is a tricky lob. The machines are never micrometer accuracy. Thickness is electrically mea slopped; new rolls are fed in with a " flying splice." sured throughout manufacture and the recording The coating machine appllH a microscopically thin properties are continuously measured and charted. First step in actual tape manufacture Is the physical formulation of the oxide coating. Special magnetic oxide powders, binders, antlfrlctlon materials, anti static agents and solvents a re mixed and d ispersed In huge rotating drums fllled with hardened steel balls. Then the liquid slurry is drawn from these THE FOG HAS LIFTED powerful "ball mills," fllte red and pumped to tanks that supply the coaling machines. C. J. Le8el Comments on Some Recent tape . speeds and three different methods of Technical Developments in cari;yrng the tape, all bidding for public approval. Tape Recording Let s see what they are: A. 'Two•trac~ 7½ ips tape on -reels. This is the old standby, the method which proved so Years ago an un• good that it created stereo in the public's mind. wary tape enthusiast As a proven arrangement, we may use it as the remarked that tape standard of comparison for the newer methods.