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Current Affairs- August, 2019

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Current Affairs- August, 2019 AUGUST - 2019J Table of contents 1. National……………………………3 1.1 SCO summit -2019 1.2 G 20 1.3 One Nation One Election 1.4 India to host UN meet on land degradation 1.5 Chief Whip 1.6 Dispute Resolution Mechanism for solar sector 1.7 India placed on ‘Tier 2’ in human Trafficking Report 1.8 Establishment of 'Gokul Grams' Under Rashtriya Gokul Mission: 1.9 National Anti -Profiteering Authority (NAA) 1.10 The best performing State in Health 1.11 31.4% of Indian children will be stunted by 2022 1.12 ‘Jal Shakti’ scheme 1.13 Reservation for the Maratha Community 1.14 Locust outbreak in Rajasthan’s Barmer 1.15 One nation –one ration card 1.16 AFSPA 1.17 Marginal hike in MSP for 14 kharif crops 1.18 Privilege Motion 1.19 Zero Budget Natural Farming 1.20 CPCB pulls up 52 firms over handling of waste 2. International………………………37 2.1 India to impose retaliatory tariffs on 29 American goods 2.2 International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA) 2.3 India to host UN meet on land degradation 2.4 India to be most populous by 2027: UN 2.5 FATF Membership 2.6 India’s Rank in Swiss bank 2.7 Commercial Whaling 3. Economy………………………………47 3.1 Economic Survey lays out blueprint for $5 trillion economy 3.2 India to be a $5-trillion economy www.vaidicslucknow.com Page 1 4. Science & Technology……………..50 4.1 Bureau of Pharma PSUs of India ( BPPI) 4.2 ‘Dots’ 4.3 Arogyapacha 4.4 China’s new ballistic missile : JL-3 5. Environment & Biodiversity…………55 5.1 Compensatory Afforestation (CA) 6. Important Facts for Prelims……………57 6.1 National Thowheeth Jama'ath (NTJ) 6.2 Indian Roofed turtle 6.3 PC4 Protein 6.4 Hypoglycin A 6.5 Global Peace Index 2019 6.6 Abujh Marias Tribes 6.7 The Grey wolf (Canis Lupus) 6.8 Libra 6.9 Operation Hidden Idol 6.10 Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) 6.11 U.P. site exected to get ‘National Importance’ tag 6.12 Cat Fox’ a new species 6.13 KH – 9 HEXAGONS 6.14 Operation Bandar (monkey) 6.15 Special 301 Report 6.16 Locus standi 6.17 Kheoni Wild Life Sanctuary 6.18 ‘Zero Chance’ 6.19 Amma Vodi 6.20 SHE Teams - 6.21 ‘One Nation one Ration Card’ 6.22 Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) 6.23 The United States EB-5 visa 6.24 Demilitarized Zone 6.25 Strum Ataka 6.26 Garuda VI 6.27 ‘Namma Auto’ 6.28 NAPRT1 6.29 France to impose green tax 7. Important facts for UPPCS (Pre – 2019)…….66 www.vaidicslucknow.com Page 2 Current Affairs AUGUST - 2019 1. National 1.1 SCO summit- 2019: Why in news? The SCO summit -2019 was recently held at Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. The Indian Prime Minister discussed the global security situation, multilateral economic cooperation, people-to-people exchanges and topical issues of international and regional importance. What are main concerns of the member countries: there is a need for a rules-based, anti-discriminatory and all inclusive WTO-centred multilateral trading system unilateralism and protectionism have not benefited anyone India is committed to ensuring a favourable environment for the economic cooperation between the SCO member countries. Member states to try coordinated actions against terrorism under the SCO Regional Anti Terrorist Structure (RATS). The process of economic globalisation is being hindered by the growing unilateral protectionist policies and other challenges in international trade. What need to be done? Deepening cooperation to build a transparent and stable environment for trade. Collective framework/effort on terrorism USA – China Trade war should not affect the other member countries. India should increase its export with China. www.vaidicslucknow.com Page 3 More trade with central Asia so that India can mitigate the China’s influence in the region. About the Regional Anti Terrorist Structure (RATS): The Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS), headquartered in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, is a permanent organ of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) which serves to promote cooperation of member states against the three evils of terrorism, separatism and extremism. The Head of RATS is elected for a three-year term. Each member state also sends a permanent representative to RATS. The RATS was formed in the June 2004 summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) which was held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. RATS is engaged in furthering cooperation and ties between member countries on concerns of terrorism, security, drug trafficking, crime and cyber warfare. In 2017, international current affairs magazine ‘The Diplomat’ reported that through the Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization or SCO had foiled terror plots to the tune of 600. It also reported that through RATS, 500 terrorists were extradited. About the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is a Eurasian economic, political and security organization originally formed by the leaders of the six countries of China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. India became a full member in 2017. SCO was formed on 15th June 2001. It emerged from the Shanghai Five which was established earlier in 1996. Pakistan joined along with India in June 2017 as a full member. The SCO is the biggest regional organization as per the population and the geography covered. It covers about 40% of the globe’s population. The chief purposes of the SCO is to promote cooperation among the member countries on issues of security, intelligence sharing, border disputes resolution, military cooperation, counter-terrorism and countering the influence of the USA on Asia. www.vaidicslucknow.com Page 4 *********** 1.2 G 20 : Why in news? Group of 20 environment ministers has recently agreed to adopt a new implementation framework for actions to tackle the issue of marine plastic waste on a global scale. Environment and energy ministers of the Group of 20 major economies met Karuizawa, northwest of Tokyo, ahead of the G20 summit in Osaka, western Japan. What are the issues? One of the top issues was ocean plastic waste as images of plastic debris-strewn beaches and dead animals with stomachs full of plastic have sparked outrage, With many countries banning plastic bags outright. Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has said he wants his country to lead the world in reducing marine plastic trash, including developing biodegradables and other innovations. The new framework is aimed at facilitating further concrete action on marine waste, though on a voluntary basis. After the G20 Hamburg Summit in Germany adopted the “G20 action plan on marine litter” in 2017. Way forward : Under the new framework, G20 members will promote a comprehensive life-cycle approach to prevent and reduce plastic litter discharge to the oceans through various measures and international cooperation. They will also share best practices, promote innovation and boost scientific monitoring and analytical methodologies. Japan plans to host the first meeting under the new framework this autumn when officials of environment ministers in the G20 countries are due to meet for the G20 Resource Efficiency Dialogue. www.vaidicslucknow.com Page 5 About the G20 : The G20 (or Group of Twenty) is an international forum for the governments and central bank governors from 19 countries and the European Union (EU). Founded in 1999 with the aim to discuss policy pertaining to the promotion of international financial stability, the G20 has expanded its agenda since 2008 and heads of government or heads of state, as well as finance ministers and foreign ministers, have periodically conferred at summits ever since. It seeks to address issues that go beyond the responsibilities of anyone organization. Membership of the G20 consists of 19 individual countries plus the European Union. The EU is represented by the European Commission and by the European Central Bank. Collectively, the G20 economies account for around 90% of the gross world product (GWP), 80% of world trade (or, if excluding EU intra-trade, 75%), two-thirds of the world population, and approximately half of the world land area. How does G20 work? The G20 agenda is annual and includes more than 50 meetings, enhanced by working groups and discussions between permanent members and guests. The cycle concludes with the Leaders Summit, where a final declaration is signed by which the leaders commit themselves to address and collaborate on the issues addressed. For example: At the Hamburg Summit in 2017, the leaders agreed to limit protectionism, commit to a system of regulated international trade and favor policies that spread the benefits of globalization. At the Hangzhou Summit in 2016, the leaders agreed to expand the role of the G20 to establish greater global cooperation in the fight against tax evasion and promote international collaboration to facilitate investments in green bonds. ************ www.vaidicslucknow.com Page 6 1.3 One Nation One Election : Why in news? PM Modi calls for all-party meet on ‘one nation, one election’. Simultaneous elections refer to holding elections to Lok Sabha, State Legislative Assemblies, Panchayats and Urban local bodies simultaneously, once in five year. Problems associated with frequent elections: The massive expenditure that is currently incurred for the conduct of separate elections. The policy paralysis that results from the imposition of the Model Code of Conduct during election time. Impact on delivery of essential services. Burden on crucial manpower that is deployed during election time. Frequent elections affect policymaking and governance as the government is trapped in short-term thinking. It also destabilises duly-elected governments and imposes a heavy burden on the exchequer. It also puts pressure on political parties, especially smaller ones, as elections are becoming increasingly expensive. The Model Code of Conduct (MCC) which comes into force with the announcement of poll dates, prevents government from announcing any new schemes, make any new appointments, transfers and postings without the approval of election commission.
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