DOCSLIB.ORG

Analysis of North American Goniopholidid Crocodyliforms in a Phylogenetic Context

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Analysis of North American Goniopholidid Crocodyliforms in a Phylogenetic Context - Analysis of North American goniopholidid crocodyliforms in a phylogenetic context Allen, Eric Randall https://iro.uiowa.edu/discovery/delivery/01IOWA_INST:ResearchRepository/12730561560002771?l#13730723240002771 Allen, E. R. (2012). Analysis of North American goniopholidid crocodyliforms in a phylogenetic context [University of Iowa]. https://doi.org/10.17077/etd.317zy27t https://iro.uiowa.edu Copyright 2012 Eric Randall Allen Downloaded on 2021/10/02 07:28:44 -0500 - ANALYSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN GONIOPHOLIDID CROCODYLIFORMS IN A PHYLOGENETIC CONTEXT by Eric Randall Allen A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science degree in Geoscience in the Graduate College of The University of Iowa July 2012 Thesis Supervisor: Associate Professor Christopher Brochu Copyright by ERIC RANDALL ALLEN 2012 All Rights Reserved Graduate College The University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL ___________________________ MASTER’S THESIS ____________ This is to certify that the Master’s thesis of Eric Randall Allen has been approved by the Examining Committee for the thesis requirement for the Master of Science degree in Geoscience at the July 2012 graduation. Thesis Committee: ____________________________________________ Christopher Brochu, Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________________ Jonathan Adrain ____________________________________________ Llewellyn D. Densmore To my wife ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to thank my advisor, C. Brochu, and my Comprehensive Exam committee, J. Adrain, A. Budd, J. Logsdon, and H. Sims. For discussion and help preparing this manuscript I would like to thank E. Allen, S. Salisbury, E. Wilberg, and the University of Iowa VertPaleo discussion group: S. Drumheller, M.E. Gold, A. Grass, J. McHugh, J. Miller-Camp, J. Nestler, and M. Spencer. For access to collections and specimens, I wish to thank J. Conrad and C. Mehling (American Museum of Natural History), A. Henrici (Carnegie Museum of Natural History), W. Langston Jr. (University of Texas at Austin), D. Main (University of Texas at Arlington), L. Steel (British Natural History Museum), and J. Person (Sam Noble Museum of Natural History). Finally, I wish to thank A. Pritchard for allowing access to unpublished data. This research was funded in part by the Max and Lorraine Littlefield Fund. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES vi LIST OF FIGURES vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS viii CHAPTER 1 OSTEOLOGY OF AMPHICOTYLUS STOVALLI AND COMMENTS ON GONIOPHOLIDIDS OF THE MORRISON FORMATION 1 Introduction 1 Systematic Paleontology 2 Description of Material 3 Form and condition 3 Skull Openings 3 Cranial Elements 5 Discussion 10 Comparison to other taxa 10 Status of Morrison Formation goniopholidids 12 2 NEW MATERIAL OF THE MANDIBLE OF DENAZINOSUCHUS KIRTLANDICUS 18 Introduction 18 Systematic Paleontology 19 Description of Material 20 Observations from the holotype 20 Description of new material 20 Discussion 23 3 PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF GONIOPHOLIDIDAE 27 Introduction 27 Status of goniopholidid phylogenetics 28 Phylogenetic Analysis 29 Taxon sampling and dataset 29 Results 30 General results and North American goniopholidids 30 Denazinosuchus and Vectisuchus 32 Discussion 33 Biostratigraphy 34 Conclusions 35 iv APPENDIX A LIST OF CHARACTERS 42 APPENDIX B DATA MATRIX USED IN PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS 62 APPENDIX C CHARACTER TRANSITIONS 73 REFERENCES 79 v LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Compilation of Morrison Formation goniopholidids 14 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Example of an extant crocodyliform 15 2. OMNH 2392 Amphicotylus stovalli, dorsal aspect 16 3. OMNH 2392 Amphicotylus stovalli, ventral aspect 17 4. PMU.R 232 Denazinosuchus kirtlandicus holotype 25 5. New material referred to Denazinosuchus kirtlandicus 26 6. Summary of phylogenetic placements of Goniopholididae 37 7. Phylogenetic results of entire dataset 38 8. Detail of cladograms investigating relationships within Goniopholididae 39 9. Detail of cladogram if Arlington Form excluded from analysis 40 10. Stratigraphically calibrated cladogram of selected taxa 41 vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Institutions: AMNH, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York; BYU, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; CM, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; CMNH, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, Ohio; NMMNH, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Albuquerque, New Mexico; OMNH, Sam Noble Museum of Natural History, Norman, Oklahoma; PMU.R, Paleontological Museum, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweeden. TMM, Texas Natural Science Center, University of Texas at Austin; YPM, Yale Peabody Museum, New Haven, Connecticut. Anatomical Terms: Fr: frontal Jg: jugal La: lacrimal Mx: maxilla N: nasal Pa parietal Pal: palatine Po: postorbital Pf: prefrontal Pm: premaxilla Q: quadrate Qj: quadratojugal Sq: squamosal viii 1 CHAPTER 1 OSTEOLOGY OF AMPHICOTYLUS STOVALLI AND COMMENTS ON GONIOPHOLIDIDS OF THE MORRISON FORMATION Introduction Crocodyliformes is a large, diverse group of archosaurs including extant crocodylians their fossil relatives. Though all living crocodyliforms are of relatively conserved morphology (Fig. 1), historically the clade was considerably more disparate, including even fully terrestrial and secondarily marine taxa. Goniopholididae constitutes some of the most common, widespread, and distinctive crocodyliforms of the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. These neosuchians are among the first crocodyliform taxa to superficially resemble modern crocodylians, and are presumed to have occupied a similar ecological role (Schwarz, 2002; Buffetaut, 1982). Goniopholidids were widespread throughout Laurasia during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, and are frequently found in freshwater or estuarine deposits (Hups et al., 2006). The majority of Goniopholis species are known from the United Kingdom, but also occur in continental Europe, particularly in the north and west (Owen 1842, 1849-1884, 1878, 1879; Hulke, 1878; Dollo, 1883; Koken 1883, 1886, 1887, 1896; Hooley,1907; Edinger, 1938; Jonet, 1981; Huckriede, 1982; von Oekentorp, 1984; Buffetaut, 1986; Norman, 1987; Buscalioni & Sanz, 1987a, b; Buffetaut et al., 1989; Cuny et al., 1991; Ortega et al., 1996; Salisbury et al., 1999; Salisbury, 2002; Schwarz, 2002; Schwarz-Wings et al., 2009; Salisbury & Naish, 2011). Goniopholidids have also been reported from Asia (Young, 1948; Buffetaut & Ingavat, 1980, 1983; Wu et al, 1996; Maisch et al., 2003) and North America (Marsh, 1877; Cope, 1878; Holland, 1905; Wiman, 1932; Mook, 1964, 1967; Tykoski et al., 2002). They are united in general by (1) nasals which do not participate in the narial border; (2) amphicoelous vertebrae; (3) two rows of rectangular, imbricated paravertebral osteoderms with rostrally-directed articular spine on the rostrolateral margin; (4) choanae bound caudally by the pterygoid and anteriorly by the 2 palatine; (5) the presence of a maxillary fossa on the caudolateral margin of the maxilla. This maxillary fossa is enigmatic, but it does lie in line with the line of neurovascular foramina on the lateral surface of the maxilla, and may thus represent a region of hyper- enlarged foramina (De Andrade, 2009). The Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation accounts for the most specimens and largest number of reported species in North America with five taxa currently recognized. Furthermore, all North American taxa attributed to Goniopholis Owen, 1841 are known from the Morrison (Table 1). This provides a unique opportunity to investigate Goniopholididae in North America and the affinity of Goniopholis identified on that continent and Europe. Amphicotylus stovalli is a comparatively well-represented Morrison Formation goniopholidid with two well-preserved skulls and considerable attributed postcrania. The original material for A. stovalli was excavated by the Works Progress Administration in the 1930s in Cimarron County, Oklahoma and initially investigated by J. W. Stovall, who noted overall similarity to A. gilmorei (Mook, 1964). The material was first described by Mook (1964) who ascribed it to Goniopholis Owen, 1841. Unfortunately, the initial, and preliminary, description lacked considerable detail. This study redescribes the type material of Amphicotylus stovalli and investigates Abbreviations—AMNH, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York; BYU, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; CM, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; CMNH, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, Ohio; OMNH, Sam Noble Museum of Natural History, Norman, Oklahoma; TMM, Texas Natural Science Center, University of Texas at Austin; YPM, Yale Peabody Museum, New Haven, Connecticut. Systematic Paleontology CROCODYLIFORMES Hay, 1930 MESOEUCROCODYLIA Whetstone and Whybrow, 1983 3 GONIOPHOLIDIDAE Cope, 1875 AMPHICOTYLUS Cope, 1878 AMPHICOTYLUS STOVALLI (Mook, 1964) (Figs. 2-3) Holotype—OMNH 2392; near-complete articulated skull. Paratype—OMNH 2322; near-complete articulated skull. Horizon and Locality—Jurassic (?Kimmeridgian), Morrison Formation, Locality V97 (Kenton 8), Cimarron County, Oklahoma. Revised Diagnosis—A goniopholidid crocodyliform with constricted “figure- eight” external naris, subtriangular lacrimal, frontal which participates in the orbit, and a narrow, channel-like internal choanae completely separating the pterygoids and bounded anteriorly by the maxilla, caudally by the pterygoid, and not extending caudal to the orbits. Description of Material Form and condition All observations
Load more

Recommended publications
  • For Peer Review
    Biological Journal of the Linnean Society Marine tethysuchian c rocodyliform from the ?Aptian -Albian (Early Cretaceous) of the Isle of Wight, England Journal:For Biological Peer Journal of theReview Linnean Society Manuscript ID: BJLS-3227.R1 Manuscript Type: Research Article Date Submitted by the Author: 05-May-2014 Complete List of Authors: Young, Mark; University of Edinburgh, Biological Sciences; University of Southampton, School of Ocean and Earth Science Steel, Lorna; Natural History Museum, Earth Sciences Foffa, Davide; University of Bristol, Department of Earth Sciences Price, Trevor; Dinosaur Isle Museum, Naish, Darren; University of Southampton, School of Ocean and Earth Science Tennant, Jon; Imperial College London, Department of Earth Science and Engineering Albian, Aptian, Cretaceous, Dyrosauridae, England, Ferruginous Sands Keywords: Formation, Isle of Wight, Pholidosauridae, Tethysuchia, Upper Greensand Formation Biological Journal of the Linnean Society Page 1 of 50 Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 1 2 3 Marine tethysuchian crocodyliform from the ?Aptian-Albian (Early Cretaceous) 4 5 6 of the Isle of Wight, England 7 8 9 10 by MARK T. YOUNG 1,2 *, LORNA STEEL 3, DAVIDE FOFFA 4, TREVOR PRICE 5 11 12 2 6 13 DARREN NAISH and JONATHAN P. TENNANT 14 15 16 1 17 Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The King’s Buildings, University 18 For Peer Review 19 of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JW, United Kingdom 20 21 2 School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton,
    [Show full text]
  • Aspects of the Microvertebrate Fauna of the Early Cretaceous (Barremian) Wessex Formation of the Isle of Wight, Southern England
    ASPECTS OF THE MICROVERTEBRATE FAUNA OF THE EARLY CRETACEOUS (BARREMIAN) WESSEX FORMATION OF THE ISLE OF WIGHT, SOUTHERN ENGLAND By STEVEN CHARLES SWEETMAN M.A. (Oxon.) 1980 F.G.S. A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of Portsmouth School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Burnaby Building, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth, PO1 3QL, U.K. April, 2007 0 Disclaimer Whilst registered for this degree, I have not registered for any other award. No part of this work has been submitted for any other academic award. 1 Acknowledgements At inception of this project there was a significant risk that the Wessex Formation would not yield a microvertebrate fauna. I would, therefore, like to express special thanks to Dave Martill (University of Portsmouth) for his initial support and for securing the research scholarship which made this study possible. I would also like to thank him for his supervision, generous support, encouragement and advice thereafter. Special thanks also to Susan Evans (UCL) for her enthusiastic help and advice on all matters relating to microvertebrates in general, and lizards in particular, and to Jerry Hooker (NHM) for everything relating to mammals; also to Brian Gasson for his support in the field and for the generous donation of many exceptional specimens from his private collection. The broad scope of this study has engendered the help, support and advice of many others and I am grateful to all. At the University
    [Show full text]
  • The Jurassic/Cretaceous Boundary: a Hidden Mass Extinction in Tetrapods?
    The Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary: a hidden mass extinction in tetrapods? Jonathan P. Tennant CID: 00661116 Imperial College London Department of Earth Science and Engineering Thesis submitted to fulfil the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and Diploma of Imperial College Image credit: Robert Nicholls (CC BY 4.0). Depicts Sarcosuchus imperator, a giant predatory crocodyliform from the Cretaceous of North Africa. 1 Declaration of originality I declare that the works presented within this thesis are my own, and that all other work is appropriately acknowledged and referenced within. Copyright declaration The copyright of this thesis rests with the author, and it is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Researchers are free to copy, distribute and transmit this thesis on the condition that it is appropriately attributed. Jonathan Peter Tennant Supervisors: Dr. Philip Mannion (Imperial College London); Prof. Paul Upchurch (University College London); Dr. Mark Sutton (Imperial College London). 2 Acknowledgements First and definitely foremost, I want to extend my greatest thanks to Phil Mannion. As his first PhD student, I am sure he regretted his decision after day one, but stuck with it until the end, and has been a stoic mentor throughout. This project would have been a shadow of what it came to be without his guidance. I am still yet to get him on Twitter though. I am also hugely grateful to Paul Upchurch and Mark Sutton for their input and experience throughout this project. I also could not have completed this project without the encouragement and support from my girlfriend, friends, and family, and am hugely grateful to them.
    [Show full text]
  • Calsoyasuchus Valliceps, a New Crocodyliform from the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation of Arizona
    Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22(3):593±611, September 2002 q 2002 by the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology CALSOYASUCHUS VALLICEPS, A NEW CROCODYLIFORM FROM THE EARLY JURASSIC KAYENTA FORMATION OF ARIZONA RONALD S. TYKOSKI1,2, TIMOTHY B. ROWE1,2,3, RICHARD A. KETCHAM1,3, and MATTHEW W. COLBERT1,2,3 1Jackson School of Geosciences, [email protected]; 2Texas Memorial Museum Vertebrate Paleontology Laboratory; 3High Resolution X-ray CT Facility, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 ABSTRACTÐWe describe a new fossil crocodyliform archosaur from the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation of the Navajo Nation that is surprisingly derived for so ancient a specimen. High-resolution X-ray CT analysis reveals that its long snout houses an extensive system of pneumatic paranasal cavities. These are among the most distinctive features of modern crocodylians, yet the evolutionary history of this unique system has been obscured by the inaccessibility of internal structures in most fossil crania. Preliminary phylogenetic analysis indicates that the new species is the oldest known member of a monophyletic Goniopholididae, and within this lineage to be the sister taxon of Eutretauranosu- chus, from the Late Jurassic Morrison formation of Colorado. Goniopholididae became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous, but it is more closely related to living crocodylians than are several lineages known only from Cretaceous and younger fossils. The new taxon nearly doubles the known length of goniopholid history and implies a deep, as yet undiscovered, Mesozoic history for several crocodyliform lineages that were once thought to have relatively com- plete fossil records. INTRODUCTION 7) for this report.
    [Show full text]
  • Fagesii, with Comments on Its Phylogenetic Bearing on the Origin
    BULLETIN DE L'INSTITUT ROYAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES DE BELGIQUE, SCIENCES DE LA TERRE, 60: 115-128, 1990 BULLETIN VAN HET KONINKLIJK BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR NATUURWETENSCHAPPEN, AARDWETENSCHAPPEN, 60: 115-128, 1990 A Reanalysis of Bernissartia fagesii, with Comments on its Phylogenetic Position and its Bearing on the Origin and Diagnosis of the Eusuchia by Mark A. NORELL and James M. CLARK Abstract Lambe, 1908, an unnamed small form from the Lower Cretaceous Glen Rose Formation of Texas (Langston, The précisé affinities of the small Early Cretaceous crocodylomorph 1973, 1974), Bernissartia fagesii Dollo, 1883, several Bernissartia fagesii Dollo, 1883 have been unclear. We review the species of the genus Shamosuchus Mook, 1924 ( = Paral- anatomy of B. fagesii and present evidence that it is closely related to the Eusuchia, as was originaily suggested by Dollo but contrary to the ligator Konzukova, 1954- Efimov, 1982), Dolicho- hypothesis of Buffetaut (1975, 1982). Bernissartia fagesii displays champsa minima Gasparini & Buffetaut, 1980, and, features that have been considered diagnostic of the Eusuchia, inclu- atoposaurs such as Theriosuchus pusillus Owen, 1878 ding a biconvex first caudal vertebra and at least one procoelous caudal (Buffetaut, 1982). These taxa are crucial to the inter¬ vertebra. Revised diagnoses of B. fagesii and of the Eusuchia are prétation of eusuchian phylogeny because, as the immé¬ presented, and the implications of Bernissartia fagesii as an outgroup diate to the Eusuchia are discussed with regard to phylogenetic relationships outgroups and most primitive members of the among living crocodylians. Eusuchia, they provide the most accurate assessment of Key-words: Bernissartia, Crocodylia, Eusuchia, systematics, Lower morphological characters primitive for the group.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography and Scientific Name Index to Fossil and Recent
    1 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND SCIENTIFIC NAME INDEX TO FOSSIL AND RECENT AMPHIBIANS AND NONAVIAN REPTILES IN THE AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES, NUMBERS 1 THROUGH 3285, 1921-1999 by ERNEST A. LINER 310 Malibou Boulevard Houma, Louisiana 70364-2598 2 INTRODUCTION The following numbered American Museum Novitates listed alphabetically by author(s) cover all 422 articles on fossil and recent amphibians and nonavian reptiles published in this series. Junior author(s) are referenced to the senior author. All articles with original (new) scientific names are preceded by an * (asterisk). The first herpetological publication in this series is dated 1921 (by G. K. Noble). All articles (fossil and recent) published through the year 1999 are listed. All scientific names are listed alphabetically and referenced to the numbered article(s) they appear in. All original spellings are maintained. Subgenera (if any) are treated as genera. Names ending in i or ii, if both are used, are given with ii. All original names are boldfaced italicized. The author wishes to thank C. Gans for originally suggesting these projects and G. R. Zug and W. R. Heyer for suggesting the scientific name indexes. C. J. Cole supplied some articles and other information. 3 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES Achaval, Federico, see Cole, Charles J. and Clarence J. McCoy, 1979. 1. Allen, Morrow J. 1932. A survey of the amphibians and reptiles of Harrison County, Mississippi. (542):1020. Allison, Allen, see Zweifel, Richard G., 1966. Altangerel, Perle, see Clark, James M. and Mark A. Norell, 1994. 2. Anderson, Sydney. 1975. On the number of categories in biological classification. (2584):1-9.
    [Show full text]
  • A Three-Dimensional Skeleton of Goniopholididae from the Late Jurassic of Portugal: Implications for the Crocodylomorpha Bracing System
    applyparastyle “fig//caption/p[1]” parastyle “FigCapt” Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2019, XX, 1–28. With 10 figures. Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz102/5610606 by Auburn University user on 02 November 2019 A three-dimensional skeleton of Goniopholididae from the Late Jurassic of Portugal: implications for the Crocodylomorpha bracing system E. PUÉRTOLAS-PASCUAL1,2,3*, and O. MATEUS1,2, 1Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia-GeoBioTec, Monte de Caparica, Portugal 2Museu da Lourinhã, Lourinhã, Portugal 3Aragosaurus-IUCA Research group, Zaragoza, Spain Received 8 March 2019; revised 14 August 2019; accepted for publication 15 August 2019 We here describe an articulated partial skeleton of a small neosuchian crocodylomorph from the Lourinhã Formation (Late Jurassic, Portugal). The skeleton corresponds to the posterior region of the trunk and consists of dorsal, ventral and limb osteoderms, dorsal vertebrae, thoracic ribs and part of the left hindlimb. The paravertebral armour is composed of two rows of paired osteoderms with the lateral margins ventrally deflected and an anterior process for a ‘peg and groove’ articulation. We also compare its dermal armour with that of several Jurassic and Cretaceous neosuchian crocodylomorphs, establishing a detailed description of this type of osteoderms. These features are present in crocodylomorphs with a closed paravertebral armour bracing system. The exceptional 3D conservation of the specimen, and the performance of a micro-CT scan, allowed us to interpret the bracing system of this organism to assess if previous models were accurate. The characters observed in this specimen are congruent with Goniopholididae, a clade of large neosuchians abundant in most semi-aquatic ecosystems from the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of Laurasia.
    [Show full text]
  • The Phylogenetic Relationships of Neosuchian Crocodiles and Their
    applyparastyle “fig//caption/p[1]” parastyle “FigCapt” Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2019, XX, 1–34. With 11 figures. The phylogenetic relationships of neosuchian crocodiles Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz117/5601086 by guest on 27 January 2020 and their implications for the convergent evolution of the longirostrine condition SEBASTIAN S. GROH1,2,*, , PAUL UPCHURCH1, , PAUL M. BARRETT2, and JULIA J. DAY3, 1Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK 2Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK 3Department of Genetics, Environment and Evolution, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK Received 19 April 2019; revised 28 August 2019; accepted for publication 7 September 2019 Since their origin in the Late Triassic, crocodylomorphs have had a long history of evolutionary change. Numerous studies examined their phylogeny, but none have attempted to unify their morphological characters into a single, combined dataset. Following a comprehensive review of published character sets, we present a new dataset for the crocodylomorph clade Neosuchia consisting of 569 morphological characters for 112 taxa. For the first time in crocodylian phylogenetic studies, quantitative variation was treated as continuous data (82 characters). To provide the best estimate of neosuchian relationships, and to investigate the origins of longirostry, these data were analysed using a variety of approaches. Our results show that equally weighted parsimony and Bayesian methods cluster unrelated longirostrine forms together, producing a topology that conflicts strongly with their stratigraphic distributions. By contrast, applying extended implied weighting improves stratigraphic congruence and removes longirostrine clustering.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Supporting Information File S1 S1.1. TOMOGRAPHIC DATA S1.1.1
    The Supporting Information File S1 is part of Andrade MB, Edmonds R, Benton MJ, Schouten R. 2011. A new Berriasian species of Goniopholis (Mesoeucrocodylia, Neosuchia) from England, and a review of the genus. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 162(4). Supporting Information File S1 S1.1. TOMOGRAPHIC DATA S1.1.1. Methodology Since DORCM 12154 is embedded in sediment, the morphology of the palate demanded the use of tomography. The specimen was CT-scanned in the Royal Veterynary College, London, by Chris Lamb, after its removal from the main slab and preparation by R. S. and M. B. A. The scan followed the long axis of the skull, producing transverse slices, but was done in two separate runs, therefore generating separate datasets for the rostrum and the remaining of the skull. Both datasets were merged at a later stage. Procedures and settings for both scans were identical, using 130kV, 150mA, with slice thickness of 2 mm. Each slice generated has a field of view of 320 X 320mm, and 512 X 512 pixels (pixel size = 0.625mm). The data provided by the CT scan demands extensive work to properly model the elements of the skull, particularly the braincase, but allowed production of a surface model, as well as sagittal and coronal slices. Examination of the CT data through transverse, sagittal and coronal slices allowed to identify key structures and provide a preliminary description of the palatal/perychoanal morphology, and scoring of key characters of DORCM 12154. 1 The Supporting Information File S1 is part of Andrade MB, Edmonds R, Benton MJ, Schouten R.
    [Show full text]
  • Lower Cretaceous) of the Isle of Wight, UK
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267035383 Marine tethysuchian crocodyliform from the ?Aptian-Albian (Lower Cretaceous) of the Isle of Wight, UK Article in Biological Journal of the Linnean Society · October 2014 DOI: 10.1111/bij.12387 CITATIONS READS 10 257 6 authors, including: Mark Thomas Young Lorna Steel The University of Edinburgh Natural History Museum, London 53 PUBLICATIONS 787 CITATIONS 41 PUBLICATIONS 281 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Davide Foffa Darren Naish The University of Edinburgh University of Southampton 24 PUBLICATIONS 155 CITATIONS 139 PUBLICATIONS 1,643 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Indian Ocean caves View project The Vertebrate Fossil Record View project All content following this page was uploaded by Lorna Steel on 23 July 2018. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. bs_bs_banner Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 113, 854–871. With 11 figures Marine tethysuchian crocodyliform from the ?Aptian-Albian (Lower Cretaceous) of the Isle of Wight, UK MARK T. YOUNG1,2*, LORNA STEEL3, DAVIDE FOFFA4, TREVOR PRICE5, DARREN NAISH2 and JONATHAN P. TENNANT6 1Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, UK 2School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK 3Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK 4School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK 5Dinosaur Isle Museum, Sandown, Isle of Wight PO36 8QA, UK 6Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW6 2AZ, UK Received 1 February 2014; revised 5 May 2014; accepted for publication 7 July 2014 A marine tethysuchian crocodyliform from the Isle of Wight, most likely from the Upper Greensand Formation (upper Albian, Lower Cretaceous), is described.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Goniopholidid Crocodyliform, Hulkepholis Rori Sp. Nov. from the Camarillas Formation (Early Barremian) in Galve, Spain)
    A new goniopholidid crocodyliform, Hulkepholis rori sp. nov. from the Camarillas Formation (early Barremian) in Galve, Spain) Ignacio Arribas1, Angela D. Buscalioni1, Rafael Royo Torres2, Eduardo Espílez2, Luis Mampel2 and Luis Alcalá2 1 Departamento de Biología, Paleontología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain 2 Museo Aragonés de Paleontología, Fundación Conjunto Paleontológico de Teruel-Dinopolis, Teruel, Aragón, Spain ABSTRACT Background: The neosuchian crocodyliform genus Hulkepholis constitutes the longirostral lineage of the European Goniopholididae. It comprises two species ranging from the Valanginian of southern England to the lower Albian of the northern Teruel (Spain). A new species of Hulkepholis is described based on a partially complete skull from the lower Barremian Camarillas Formation. We investigate its phylogenetic position and the palatal patterns among members of Goniopholididae and the closely related Thalattosuchia and Tethysuchia. Methods: Phylogenetic relationships were investigated with two matrices using a previously published dataset as the basis: the first differed only by the addition of the new species, the second had newly discovered states for 11 characters, the new species plus several additional specimens of Hulkepholis and Anteophthalmosuchus. Both matrices were processed using TNT v. 1.1, in a heuristic analysis of maximum parsimony, with tree bisection and reconnection 1,000 random addition replicates and saving the 10 most parsimonious trees per replicate, and up to 10 suboptimal Submitted 25 February 2019 trees to calculate Bremer supports. The skull geometry of nine species from Accepted 17 September 2019 Thalattosuchia, Tethysuchia and Goniopholididae was explored to test shape Published 31 October 2019 variation between the rostral and postrostral modules, and to visualize the differences Corresponding author on the secondary palate.
    [Show full text]
  • A Species-Level Supertree of Crocodyliformes Mario Bronzati a , Felipe Chinaglia Montefeltro a & Max C
    This article was downloaded by: [USP University of Sao Paulo], [Mario Bronzati] On: 05 April 2012, At: 05:54 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ghbi20 A species-level supertree of Crocodyliformes Mario Bronzati a , Felipe Chinaglia Montefeltro a & Max C. Langer a a USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Avenue Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-901, Brazil Available online: 05 Apr 2012 To cite this article: Mario Bronzati, Felipe Chinaglia Montefeltro & Max C. Langer (2012): A species-level supertree of Crocodyliformes, Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology, DOI:10.1080/08912963.2012.662680 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2012.662680 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.tandfonline.com/page/terms-and-conditions This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.
    [Show full text]