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Land Management Information Systems in the Knowledge Economy 2008 Economic Commission for Africa Discussion and Guiding Principles for Africa Land Management Information Systems in the Knowledge Economy 2008 ICT, Science and Technology Division Economic Commission for Africa Discussion and Guiding Principles for Africa Land Management Information Systems in the Knowledge Economy 2008 ICT, Science and Technology Division Ordering information To order copies of Land Management Information Systems in the Knowledge Economy: Discussion and Guiding Principles for Africa by the Economic Commission for Africa, please contact: Publications Economic Commission for Africa P.O. Box 3001 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Tel: +251 11 544-9900 Fax: +251 11 551-4416 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.uneca.org Land Management Information Systems in the Knowledge Economy: Discussion and Guiding Principles for Africa Financial support for the participants of the Symposium on Land Management Information Systems in the Knowledge Economy, and for the preparation of the background paper for the symposium was kindly provided by The Canada Fund for Africa, as administered by Canada’s e-Policy Resource Centre (CePRC). ECA/ISTD/GEO/2007/01E © Economic Commission for Africa, 2007 Addis Ababa Ethiopia All rights reserved. First Printed December 2007 Material in this publication may be freely quoted or printed. Acknowledgement is required, together with a copy of the publication. The opinions and positions expressed in the annexes are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the position of the United Nations. Edited, designed and printed by the ECA Publications and Conference Management Section (PCMS). Cover photograph: Top left - AGRHYMET Regional Centre, Bottom right - Subhadip Mukherjee, Stock.xchng vi - Bottom left, Alfonso Diaz, Rodolfo Clix, Stock.xchng vi and USAID Table of Contents Acknowledgements iii Acronyms v Executive Summary 1 Land Management Information Systems in the Knowledge Economy 5 Introduction 5 Guiding Questions 6 Knowledge Economy Context 7 Interests in Land 8 Land Identification and Boundaries 13 The Cadastre and Cadastral Mapping 20 LMIS as a Component of the Spatial Data Infrastructure 22 The African Context 23 Conclusion 29 Guiding Principles 29 References 32 Appendix I: Parcel Information Template 35 Appendix II: House Information Template 36 Appendix III: Individual Rights Owner Information Template 37 Appendix IV: Reports of the Breakout Sessions of the Colloquium on LMIS 38 Appendix V: List of Participants 60 Annex 1. Background Paper for LMIS Symposium 63 The Unique Challenge of Land Information Systems and the Knowledge Economy in Africa – Untying the Lion 63 Annex II: Other Papers Presented at the LMIS Symposium, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, December 4 – 8, 2006 97 Towards Sustainable Spatial Data Acquisition Techniques for the Development of African Land Management Information Systems 97 Introduction 97 Optimisation de la Collecte des Taxes Communales a l Aide d’un Systèmes d’information Géographique 113 Système d’Information Foncière dans l’Economie du Savoir : Question Relative a la Cartographie 119 Proposed GPS Survey Method for Cadastral Surveying of A2 Model Farms in Zimbabwe 123 The Status of the Cadastre and Land Management in Nigeria 136 Cadastral Reform, Property Rights Implementation and Land Management Systems in the Knowledge Economy 143 Contribution aux problématiques de réforme foncière et d’élaboration d’outils de gestion en Afrique : cartographie et système d’information 150 Land Information Management Considerations for Low e-Ready Jurisdictions Aspiring to a Knowledge Economy 160 LIM Considerations for a Knowledge Economy 163 Africa, LIM, e-Readiness, and the Knowledge Economy 164 L’Apport de l’Extraction de Connaissances pour la Mise en Place des Bases de Données Foncières en Afrique 171 i The Development and Management of Services to Facilitate Pro Poor Land Management and Land Administration Systems 177 Land Management Information System In The Knowledge Economy: Semi-Arid Regions of Baringo/ Bogoria, Kenya 197 Managing Land Information Using Canadian Exemplars and Cautions: Legal Pluralism, Rigour and Environmental Determinism 206 Remote Sensing for Land Management 222 Projet de mise en place d’un Système Moderne de Gestion du Patrimoine Foncier 244 Land Management Information Systems in the Knowledge Economy: What Options are there for Kenya? 252 Land Administration and Management in Kenya 254 The Role of the Office of the State Surveyor General in Operating the Land Use Act in Nigeria 265 Reducing Urban Poverty through Pro Poor Approaches on Land Governance, Spatial Units and Land Registration 271 African Experience of Tenure Reform and Cadastres: A Place in the Global Sun? 281 Formalisation of Rights 291 ii Acknowledgements In preparing this publication, a special symposium on “Land Management Information Systems in the Knowledge Economy” was or- ganised at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from December 4 – 7, 2006. Experts, mostly from Africa, prepared papers discussing various aspects of managing information about land and specific issues for Africa. The experts presented the papers and deliberated on solutions to the problems identified in their papers. These papers and deliberations contributed a great deal towards the contents of this publica- tion. We are therefore very grateful to the participants of the symposium, as listed in the Appendix V. Many of the participants, especially those from Africa, were financially supported to travel to Addis Ababa by The Canada Fund for Africa, administered by Canada’s e-Policy Resource Centre (CePRC). We especially appreciate the continued support of CePRC’s Direc- tor, Ms. Wendy Ace. Without that support we would not have had the benefit of the rich input from the multi-disciplinary group of experts, and we are grateful for that. We also wish to thank the Earth Sciences Sector of Natural Resources Canada. They contributed to this publication in many ways, including working with ECA to agree on the task brief and objectives of the publication; commissioning the background paper for the symposium (Annex I), as well as other papers; and by reviewing early drafts of this publication. They also organized and sponsored a high-powered Canadian delegation to the symposium to share their rich experiences and insights on LMIS. The delegation was, in part, comprised of Mr. Peter Sullivan, the Surveyor General of Canada, Dr. Brian Ballantyne of Challenger Geomatics, Mr. Ed Kennedy of the Canadian GeoProject Centre, and Mr. Omar Allam from NRCan. The background paper for the symposium was prepared by the Centre for Property Studies of the University of New Brunswick, Can- ada. The Centre also reviewed early drafts of this paper and made very useful suggestions. Drs. Ian Methven and Michael Sutherland from the Centre also attended the symposium as part of the Canadian delegation. Finally, we owe special gratitude individually to Jim Riddell, Boipuso Nkwae and Ibrahim Mwathane, who worked with us to collate the deliberations of the symposium and supplement the material with additional research to produce this final paper. However, responsibility for the final report rests with the ICT, Science and Technology Division of the Economic Commission for Africa. iii Acronyms AARS Asia Association of Remote Sensing ADF African Development Forum ADR Alternative Dispute Resolution AfDB African Development Bank AFREF African Reference Frame AGIS Abuja Geographic Information system AGRHYMET Centre de Formation et d’Application en Agrométéorologie et Hydrologie Opérationnelle (Intergovernmental Agriculture, Hydrology and Meteorology Center) AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AISI African Information Society Initiative ALS Alberta Land Surveyors Association APC Association for Progressive Communications ATRCAD African Training and Research Centre in Administration for Development AU African Union AUGT l’Agence d’Urbanisme du Grand Tunis AVHRR Advanced Very High Resolution Radar B2B Business-to-Business (as in services) BdD La Base de Données BML Building Material Loans CAADP Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme CAD Computer-Aided Design CAFRAD Centre Africain de Formation et de Recherche Administratives pour le Développement (African Training and Research Centre in Administration for Development) CAPRi Collective Action and Property Rights CASLE Commonwealth Association of Surveying and Land Economy CBOs Community Based Organizations CCDM Core Cadastral Domain Model CDI Charte du Domaine Irrigué CePRC Canada’s e-Policy Resource Centre CFA Communauté Financière Africaine (currency) CGRN Cellule de Gestion des Ressources Naturelles CIR Color Infrared CNCR Comité National au Code Rural CNTIG Comité National de Télédétection et d’Informations Géographiques (National Committee for Remote Sensing and Geographic Information), Cote d’Ivoire COFOs Composition des Commissions Foncières CONSAS Conference of Southern African Surveyors CR Conseils Ruraux CSOs Civil Society Organizations CTA Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation DADC Direction des Affaires Domaniales et Cadastrales DADT Direction de l’Aménagement du Territoire v DAERA Direction des Aménagements et Equipements Ruraux Agricoles DataGrid Graphical user interface element (widget) that presents a tabular view of data. DBMS Data Base Management Systems DCDB Digital Cadastral Databases DCF Data Collection Files DEM Digital Elevation Model DFID Department for International Development UK DGPS Differential Global Positioning System DLR German Aerospace Center DoL
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