PART I: HUMANITARIAN NEEDS & KEY FIGURES HUMANITARIAN 2018 NEEDS OVERVIEW PEOPLE IN NEED 6.2M NOV 2017 01 SOMALIA Photo:OCHA/Giles Giles Clarke Clarke Getty Getty/OCHA Th is document is produced on behalf of the Humanitarian Country Team and partners. Th is document provides the Humanitarian Country Team’s shared understanding of the crisis, including the most pressing humanitarian need and the estimated number of people who need assistance. It represents a consolidated evidence base and helps inform joint strategic response planning. Th e designations employed and the presentation of material in the report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. www.unocha.org/somalia www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/operations/somalia @OCHAsomalia PART I: HUMANITARIAN NEEDS & KEY FIGURES PART I: SUMMARY Humanitarian needs & key fi gures Impact of the crisis Breakdown of people in need Severity of need 03 YEMEN PART I: HUMANITARIAN NEEDS & KEY FIGURES GULF OF ADEN Djibouti DJIBOUTI AWDAL BARI SANAAG 11,019 WOQOOYI 60,304 GALBEED 17,911 38,717 TOGDHEER SOOL 58,706 73,435 NUGAAL 6,016 ETHIOPIA MUDUG 40,617 INDIAN OCEAN GALGADUUD 39,537 04 BAKOOL HIRAAN 41,745 11,166 Total Number of IDPs KENYA BAY GEDO MIDDLE SHABELLE in Somalia: 2.1M 19,578 34,414 253,162 BANADIR LOWER Mogadishu MIDDLE JUBA SHABELLE 11,837 87,585 239,130 LOWER JUBA 1 million 16,363 Internal displacements (Jan - Oct 2017) Acute food insecurity phase IDP population by (Aug - Dec 2017 Projection)1 Phase Internal displacements by region (January - October 2017)2 Stressed (Phase 2) 145,576 in Stress Crisis (Phase 3) 349,752 in Crisis Emergency (Phase 4) 566,243 in Emergency 1. The integrated food security phase classification (IPC) is a set of tools and procedures to classify the severity of food insecurity using a widely accepted five-phase scale. At the area level, it divides areas into the following phases: IPC Phase 1=Minimal; Phase 2=Stress; Phase 3=Crisis; Phase 4=Emergency; and Phase 5 = Famine. data source: FAO- FSNAU, FEWSNET 2. Internal Displament data source: UNHCR - PRMN The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on the maps in this document do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. PART I: HUMANITARIAN NEEDS & KEY FIGURES HUMANITARIAN NEEDS & KEY FIGURES The humanitarian crisis in Somalia is among the most complex and longstanding emergencies. While large-scale famine has been averted in 2017, the humanitarian impact of the drought has been devastating. More than 6.2 million people, half of the population, are in need of humanitarian assistance and protection. The ongoing confl ict continues to reduce the resilience of communities, trigger displacement and impede civilians’ access to basic services and humanitarians’ access to those in need. Exclusion and discrimination of socially marginalized groups are contributing to high levels of acute humanitarian need and lack of protection among some of the most vulnerable. Disease outbreaks such as acute watery diarrhea (AWD)/cholera and measles continue to lead to preventable deaths across the country. HUMANITARIAN NEEDS 05 Acute needs of crisis- Protection of civilians Limited livelihood Assistance and affected communities and Abuses against civilians, opportunities and protection of hard-to lack of access to basic including widespread sexual weakened resilience -reach populations services and gender-based violence More than three million Nearly two million people are More than 3.1 million (SGBV), child recruitment, Somalis are in IPC Phase estimated to be living in hard- Somalis are in acute need limitations on the freedom of 2 Stressed, and in need to-reach, confl ict-aff ected, of humanitarian assistance movement, forced evictions of livelihood support, to rural areas in southern and for survival (IPC Phases 3 and displacement remain avoid sliding into Crisis central Somalia, and in the and 4). Th is includes 87,250 a pervasive feature of the or Emergency. What is left contested Sool and Sanaag children (point prevalence) confl ict in Somalia. An of livelihood assets of 3.1 regions in the north.1 Th e suff ering from severe acute estimated 3.6 million people million people who are in IPC presence of non-state armed malnutrition who are far are in need of protection Phases 3 and 4 also need to be actors or active fi ghting more vulnerable than any services. Th e drought has protected in order to prevent severely constrains safe other group. Overall about triggered huge displacement more people from slipping humanitarian access in these 1.2 million children are in 2017, with negative coping into Emergency. Pastoral and areas. With limited access to expected to be suff ering from strategies leading to viola- agro-pastoral communities in life-saving assistance, crisis- acute malnutrition.Internally tions of rights. IDPs face rural areas are experiencing aff ected communities in these Displaced Persons (IDPs), insecurity and violence in signifi cant water shortages, areas are disproportionally both protracted and newly their displacement settings, livestock losses and poor crop aff ected by food insecurity, displaced, and civilians in especially women and chil- harvest due to drought require malnutrition, disease confl ict-aff ected areas, are dren. Th e majority, 76 per livelihood support, as do IDPs outbreaks and inadequate among the most vulnerable, cent, of reported GBV and socially marginalized WASH services. While the with many lacking access incidents were reported by groups in urban and peri- needs are similar to those to essential basic services IDPs. Vulnerable groups urban areas. listed above, they are oft en including health, education such as women-headed more acute and people in and Water, Sanitation and households, unaccompanied hard-to-reach areas face Hygiene (WASH) services. children, socially additional and very specifi c marginalized and protection concerns. discriminated communities are at particular risk and face specifi c protection concerns. PART I: HUMANITARIAN NEEDS & KEY FIGURES HUMANITARIAN KEY FIGURES TOTAL POPULATION PEOPLE IN NEED BY AGE AND SEX 12.3M ELDERLY WOMEN GIRLS WOMEN (18-59 years) (>18 years) NUMBER OF PEOPLE WHO NEED HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE (>59 years) 6.2 M 0.1M 1.3M 1.6M ELDERLY MEN BOYS TREND IN NUMBER OF PEOPLE IN CRISIS AND EMERGENCY (IPC MEN (18-59 years) (>18 years) PHASE 3 AND 4) (>59 years) 350K 0.1M CRISIS 1.3M 1.8M 300K EMERGENCY 250K NUMBER OF CHILDREN 200K OUT OF SCHOOLS 150K 100K 3M OUT OF 4.9M 50K 06 0 FEB14 JUL14 JAN15 JUL15 JAN16 JUL16 JAN17 JUL17 FEB-JUN14 FEB-JUN15 FEB-JUN16 FEB-JUN17 AUG-DEC14 AUG-DEC15 AUG-DEC16 APR-JUN17 AUG-DEC17 NUMBER OF CHILDREN 388K TOTAL NUMBER OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PEOPLE (IDPs) MALNOURISHED 2.1 M NUMBER OF CHILDREN 87K SEVERELY MALNOURISHED INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT FROM 85,573 IN OCTOBER 2016 TO 1.2 MILLION IN OCTOBER 2017 296,405 GLOBAL ACUTE MALNUTRITION (GAM) 156,543 (MEDIAN PREVALENCE) 130,839 109,583 85,573 82,199 88,154 62,649 72,525 62,589 EMERGENCY 49,822 32,456 GAM 22,671 THRESHOLD 2016 2017 OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT 17.4% > 15% 85,573 1,252,008 1,524,000 urban population 3.1 million people in Stress 1,129,000 rural population (IPC 2) 435,000 IDPs 552,000 urban population 6.2M 2.3 million people in Crisis 1,364,000 rural population people (IPC 3) 425,000 IDPs in need 29,000 urban population 0.8 million people in 594,000 rural population Emergency (IPC 4) 179,000 IDPs PART I: IMPACT OF THE CRISIS IMPACT OF THE CRISIS The longstanding humanitarian crisis has in 2016 and 2017 been aggravated by the impact of four consecutive poor rainy seasons, including in confl ict-affected areas, triggering large-scale new displacement and increasing protection concerns. The drought is exacerbating existing vulnerabilities, particularly among women, children, elderly, persons with disabilities and marginalized communities. Many crisis-affected civilians have limited access to essential assistance and basic services. Displacement from rural to urban areas is has a signifi cant impact on the demographic make-up of the country, leading to urban overcrowding and putting additional pressure on scarce resources and services in cities and towns. This is also increasing the risk of disease outbreaks due to limited access to safe water and poor sanitation, and overburdened health services. Malnutrition rates have increased and inter-communal tensions over access to water and grazing lands are on the rise due to drought and uneven rainfall across the regions. Progress is encouraging but needs remain vast Th e Government continues to face a violent insurgency that remains one of the greatest threats, as well as deep clan divisions Somalia’s overall progress aft er decades of confl ict and political and related inter-clan confl icts, coupled with widespread turmoil continues to be encouraging. Th e peaceful transition insecurity caused by non-state armed actors controlling large 07 of power to Federal President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed areas of the country, in particular in southern and central “Farmaajo” and the formation of a new cabinet under the Prime Somalia. Th e overall security situation in the country remains Minister in early 2017, signifi ed important milestones towards volatile, further weakening the governance of the country.3 In recovery and governance through a more representative and addition, perceived historical injustices between communities accountable leadership aft er decades of clan-based warfare and continue to challenge meaningful reconciliation and confl ict near-anarchy.