Middle Shabelle WASH Cluster Joint Assessment

Figure 1:Mandheere village farm flooded Bayahaw and Mandheere flooding summary report:

Report drafted by: Abukar Noor Abdi

Field project coordinator –Polish Humanitarian Action-PAH

CO-assessed by: SCC, WARDI, COMCARE, QODQOD, ORDO, FARJANO FOUNDATION, SORADIS, ACDO and WOCCA.

Lead agency: Polish Humanitarian Action-PAH

Type of assessment: Flood impact assessment.

Date of assessment: 29th April 2018

Submitted to National WASH Cluster by: Middle Shabelle Regional WASH Cluster Focal Point on May 1st, 2018

Background

Middle shabelle locates north of Mogadishu, the capital city of Somalia. Its occupants are mainly farmers, while some are agro –pastoralists. There is along river that comes from the Ethiopian high lands. The river is named after the region; that is the shabelle. The river long passes through the region and has a unique characteristic that is it lies higher than the ground hence making it susceptible to floods to the neighbouring villages/lands and farms as well. Recently, it has flooded from two main breakages; that is at Bayahaw and Mandheere villages respectively. Both the breakage are fresh breakages flooding water to the farms lands.

Methodology of collecting information during the Joint assessment  Observations –The team walked round the affected and of concern villages and employed sight to observe the immediate surroundings to see the effects of the flood.  Key community members open focus group discussions in order to gather the underlying information affecting the community.

At the first, we alighted at Bayahaw village and assessed the breakage point and found:

Bayahaw breakage

The length of the breakage is 28 m including the weak point and still widening with the intense flood pressure. It is flooding with high pressure and speed to open farmlands destroying crops like maize and sesame. The sesame crop is washed and carried away by the strong floods. The breakage at Bayahaw is around 2km to the village itself and currently not showing any flooding to the village as there is a barrier of canal embankment that prevents water from flowing in the village flooded water has totally enclosed the whole village and no entrance and exit passages which is forcing the villagers to suffer as they were cut from the main Market that is Jowhar for their shopping and survival in terms of petty works and now no longer attached and intimidated. The families now depend on raw mango that are growing now. There was sign of children malnutrition based on the observation made on the children in the village.

That Bayahaw breakage blocked access to Jowhar market for most of eastern river bank villagers from Bayahaw to Maagaay villages, the only means of transportation is by boat or pass through flooded water which is very serious for women, children and elderly.

Water sources in Bayahaw and Mandheere villages. -Bayahaw village is having many shallow wells dug but only one functions which is inside a mosque where the village depends on it and the well has no top RCC cover and no drainage channel which creates a concern by allowing dirt to seep into the well water. The rest are sub standardly dug around 5 m deep and are saline which are not used totally

Figure 2:Bayahaw village shallow well that serves the whole community -the well has broken top lid

-It has no also drainage channel to drain off water.

-Is inside a mosque compound and has little access by the people and it is mostly closed to prevent mosques from animals and children playing inside.

-Mandheere village has also many sub standardly dug shallow wells that is saline and cannot be used for drinking and so they are using the river water for drinking. They use the saline shallow well water for cleaning latrines. They have concerns over clean water since the community uses river water. Both communities fetch water from the river as the shallow wells are not enough for the whole village populations.

Figure 3:Mandheere villagers fetching water from the river

Mandhere breakage

The breakage dimension is 20m width and 7m depth and Under control by community and the Local authority. Onsite materials were empty sacks, logs, binding wire, and human resource. Closure of the site was going on. regular twenty men are doing construction of gabions while seventy other men and women are filling the sand bags and transporting the filled sand bags to the site for final laying of the sand bags.the breakage site is around 3km to the village itself and flooding towards farmlands and spreading and progressing to new areas of farmlands, flowing towards west wards and progressing into more farm lands and to the main Jowhar- Balcad roads. It has come near the village Mandheere to a distance of around 1km south of the village. Though it has claimed many hectares of maize, sesame crops as shown in the figure below.

Maandhere breakage blocked access to Jowhar market for most of western river bank villagers from Mandhere to Raqeylow villages, the only means of transportation is by boat or pass through flooded water which is very serious for women, children and elderly, even flooded water from Mandhere reached now Balad area, like Hawadley which is under Balad, if this breakage is not blocked, flooded water will cut off main street which links Jowhar to Mogadishu in Gololey area and will reach to Lower Shabelle Region.

Figure 4:Mandheere maize farm with flood

There were flash floods that flooded houses though regressed later and no more visible water in the homesteads but instead the effects is observable including marks where water level reached during flooding period in the HHs and most of the house affected are persons and few people are living as most of them went to Mogadishu for work. Thevillage; Mandheere is very wide with close settlement pattern.

Figure 5:Mandheere Flash flood flooded houses and no one live in them now. There was a man that was selected to be a foreman by the local authority (in charge) of the breakage closure at Mandhere village. The foreman is controlling and distributing work for the workers and ensure that they report and do work as stipulated. However, the workers were facing short of construction materials and were requesting for the following materials to be delivered urgently:

 Local logs for reinforcement with the metal poles.  Metal poles(Binaar and Feero L)  PotableHammers-Normal size.  A boat for facilitating movement when installing poles into the ground.  Binding wire for binding materials together.  Empty sand bags around ten thousand more  Pincers.

The workers requested from the Joint assessment team(JAT) to consider them for any incentive if possible so that they also in turn feed their children behind as they are engaged with fighting the floods.

Institutions in the flood affected villages

a) Mandheere clinic At Mandheere village there is a clinic run by Somali Red cross society(SRCS) which is in the villages. The Clinic has offers normal Outpatient therapeutic feeding, OPD department, emergency delivery and stabilization of severe malnutrition cases. The Clinic has 14 staff -nurses (11M,3F) . It has also three latrines and eight rooms. It operatesfrom(8 am-2pm) working for seven hours a day. The clinic depends on Jowhar for Supply from Mogadishu. The clinic has two volunteers who do regular cleaning and looks quite clean. The clinic offers assistance to the neighbouring villages like Daymasame, Bodale, Hanoley, Magaay Baqdaad among others who report to the clinic on daily basis.Around, on average thirty patients come on daily basis from far and wide villages surrounding the location. The clinic has one big tank around100 litres for water which is sourced from the river. The Clinic has not yet received an AWD cases but have cases of malnutrition arriving and received mostly. The clinic refers the severe malnutrition cases to Intersos hospital for admission in the stabilization centres

Figure 6:Mandheere clinic

Figure 7:Mandheere clinic side view

Common flood impact/Challenges faced in the two villages:  Hygiene and sanitation is very low as some rain water formed stagnant and heaps of rubbish could be observed everywhere with stinging smell that creates nuisance in the village.  Heavy infestation by vectors broke out like mosquito bringing vector borne diseases like malaria affecting young children and women and others at large.  Displaced around 350HHs from Birimo seendo rural village to shamindo and Bula sheikh villages respectively.  2450HHs are trapped by the flood resulting no exit and entry passages in the villages.  Some Families in the village use river water which is impure for drinking and there is fear of AWD cases as a result of impure consumption. Mandheere has no sweat water and so depends on the river for water.  Crop destruction including maize, sesame, pumpkin and watermelon.  The clinic at Mandheere village lacks clean water sources as they depend on river water though they chlorinate as the supervisor on duty said.  The neighbouring villages who used to visit and benefit from the clinic at Mandheere were prevented to visit the by the surrounding floods hence population visiting has gradually dropped as it used to be around 50 patients on daily basis.  Bayahaw totally has no access to any health unit and is facing a big emergency in terms of health services.  Children and pregnant mothers and elderly look emaciated as a result of meal frequency reduction. As said, there is only one meal or two meals a day and even some have one meal in houses where adults only live since the flood has enclosed the villages and people cannot get food from the market.  Little or no latrines in the affected villages. Mandheere village has 30 Newly constructed latrines by DRC as shown below and five latrines by IMC in Bayahaw villages which is shared by large number of populations which makes majority of the populations to use open defecations.  Open defecations observable in all the affected villages as there are little or no latrines.

Figure 8:shared latrines in Mandheere village

Current community needs  Mosquito nets, blankets since children and women especially pregnant mothers and elderly persons suffered.  Chlorination of shallow wells  Hygiene and sanitation promotion awareness sessions.  Hygiene kits (soap, aqua tabs, bucket, sanitary towels)  Hiring a boat for the most vulnerable community members especially sick patients, women with labour pains transportation especially for Bayahaw since they do not have clinics or MCH. The leaders shared with us a scenario where two women with labour pains were collected by men with their hands to Jowhar health units and this can cause risks to both the women and the unborn babies.  Multi-purpose cash (MPC) transfer is required for the affected ones and most vulnerable ones like the breast feeding mothers, pregnant mothers and Malnutrition children and the elderly ones to uplift their standard of living  Construction of more communal latrines.  Rehabilitation of Bayahaw shallow well top lid and drainage channels  Deepening of the current saline shallow wells that are sub standardly dug as to get sweat water.  Provision of nutritious foods(biscuits) to malnourished children and pregnant mothers.  Provision of sanitation tools to the community to improve hygiene and sanitation practices.  Closure of the current breakages immediately with the help of technical experts providing technical specifications of the requirements as to close the breakage with ease.  Making village drainage channels inside the village which leads to the river back minimizing risky of water stagnant in the villages (in a sloping manner) to avoid water flowing back the village via the drainage.

Annex1 :List of NGOs who participated the Joint assessment

The following NGOs have fully participated in the joint assessment of the flood impact assessment:

I. Polish Humanitarian Action(PAH-INGO))

II. Community Care organisation(COMCRE)

III. Onkod Relief and development Organization

IV. Somali Community Concern ( SCC –LNGO)

V.QODQOD Foundation

VI.WARDI (LNGO)

VII.SORADIS (LNGO) Somali Rural awareness and development initial services

Viii.Farjano Foundation (FF-LNGO)

ix.Women and child care Organisation (WOCCA-LNGO)

x.ACDO-Asal community development Organization(LNGO)

Annex 2. List of Villages assessed with GPS coordinates

# Villages Chairperson Contacts G.P.S. Villages Remarks

1. 1 Isolated by Maandhere Mandheere Cali Xaaji Xaamud 0615858829 N2° 41.100 e45° 30.930 Breakage

2. Deymasam Isolated by Maandhere Mohamud ibrahin allatuuk 0615880930 e N2° 40.531 e45° 30.136 Breakage

3. Isolated by Maandhere Bacadley Yonis Abas Abukar 0615 269856 N2° 39.992 e45° 30.076 Breakage

4. Isolated by Maandhere Jiilaale Abdulahi Mohamed Bol 0616 291266 N2° 37.398 e45° 30.738 Breakage

5. Isolated by Maandhere Boodale Aden Isaaq Ibraahim 0615256490 N2° 39.000 e45° 30.000 Breakage

6. Isolated by Maandhere Xaanoley Mahad Abdukair 0612-638877 2.62863 e45.50429 Breakage

7. Isolated by Maandhere Towfiiq Maxamed arbac 0615374543 N2.61872 e45.48911 Breakage

8. Baqdaad Aden c/lle/ 0615-478780 N2.61284 E45.50352 Isolated by Maandhere Breakage

9. Isolated by Maandhere Raqeylow Muhumed Qureesh Osman 0615415824 N 02.60455 E 45.50216 Breakage

10. Gaashanle Afraxow Aan Haji 0618257260 N2° 40.070 e45° 30.017 Isolated by Bayahaw Breakage

11. Tuugarey Ali Abdukair Ali 061 8-287783 N2° 39.988 e45° 30.155 Isolated by Bayahaw Breakage

12. 5523025/51330 Isolated by Bayahaw Breakage Baardheere Cali jimcale 97 N 02.63915, E 45.50812

13. Maxamud Mohamed Isolated by Bayahaw Breakage Maagaay 0615-880497 Cabaas

14. Bayahaw Nuh Adan Ahmed 0618106825 N2° 44.348 e45° 30.042 Isolated by Bayahaw Breakage

15. Raqayle Haji Masdhaf Hamud 0618-290599 N2° 41.858 e45° 30.971 Isolated by Bayahaw Breakage

16. Kulmis Isolated by Bayahaw Breakage Haji Mohamed 0615-41586 yarrow

17. Brimo Displaced by Bayahaw Haji Ahmed Sheekh Ali Nil Zendo Breakage

Photo glary

Attached JPG Photos separately.