A Publication of the B\U David M. Kenned\ Center for International Studies Letter from the Director Features Bridges Alumni Magazine

$A Publication of the B\U David M. Kenned\ Center for International Studies Letter from the Director Features Bridges Alumni Magazine$

a publication of the b\u david m. kenned\ center for international studies Letter from the Director Features bridges alumni magazine

2019 ISSUE 1

Multidimensional Women, An expression of research, opinions, Multidimensional Lives and interests for the internationally involved. When former justice Christine M. Durham makes the case for considering s a demographer and a mother of three daughters, I have always various aspects of women’s lives, work, education, family life, and spiri- PUBLISHER 2 RENATA FORSTE been concerned about the health and status of women and girls tuality, all may be seen as even more important and interconnected. globally. The United Nations Development Programme estimates A MANAGING EDITOR that some “800 women die every day from preventable causes during preg- nancy and childbirth” and 60 percent of the world’s chronically hungry Giving Voice CORY W. LEONARD are women and girls (“Fast Facts: Gender Equality and UNDP,” February The Kennedy Center’s newest academic program, Global Women’s Studies, EDITOR 2014, undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/corporate/fast-facts/english 10 offers a complete, interdisciplinary vision from a range of experienced BYU J. LEE SIMONS /FF-Gender-Equality-and-UNDP.pdf). My research has primarily focused faculty. What do students think about this program that prepares them to on the health and well-being of women and children, and I recognize that make a positive and informed impact? ASSISTANT EDITOR women need decision-making power and resources to care for themselves ERICA BASSETT and their families. Reshaping Refugee Rhetoric Martin Robison Delany, an African American abolitionist, wrote in COPY EDITOR 1852: “No people are ever elevated above the condition of their females; Meet Elizabeta Jevtic-Somlai, whose experiences as a Latter-day Saint, LENA M. PRIMOSCH hence, the condition of the mother determines the condition of the child. 14 refugee, United Nations global policy expert, and BYU visiting professor To know the position of a people, it is only necessary to know the condi- afford her unique insights on a number of current concerns. ART DIRECTOR tion of their females” (The Condition, Elevation, Emigration and Destiny A.J. RICH of the Colored People of the United States [Baltimore, MD: Black Classic Far and Wide Press, 1993], 199; emphasis in original). The hands of women help sustain DESIGN See the world through Christine Armbruster’s lens in her selected photog- life and nurture the human family, but many women and girls suffer BYU PUBLICATIONS & GRAPHICS raphy. This talented BYU alumna finds immense value in small towns and because they lack autonomy, education, healthcare, financial resources, or 20 personal safety. Raising the status of women and girls benefits everyone— the people inhabiting them, from the Balkans to the Kingdom of Jordan. PHOTOGRAPHERS including men and boys. SARA ANDERSON To this end, I led the group that proposed the Women’s Studies program CLARK MORLEY at BYU, incorporating the minor previously managed by the Women’s BRADLEY H. SLADE Research Institute. More recently, working with Women’s Studies coor- CHRISTINE ARMBRUSTER dinator Professor Valerie Hegstrom, we brought Women’s Studies under BYU PHOTO the umbrella of the Kennedy Center as Global Women’s Studies. Over the GETTY IMAGES past decade, Women’s Studies at BYU has grown to include more than 130 Departments Published by the minors.The Global Women’s Studies minor highlights the contributions of David M. Kennedy Center women worldwide, as well as the relationship of women’s experiences and for International Studies human rights to global, regional, and local issues. In addition, the Kennedy 26 Infographic | WomanStats Data on the Status of Women Worldwide Brigham Young University Center also supports the WomanStats research project, directed by Pro- Provo, Utah fessor Celeste Beesley, and we just finished a winter semester lecture series | Packing List and Instagrammable Study Abroad titled Women and Politics. 28 Travel © 2019 Brigham Young University. I hope you enjoy this issue on global women! I am very excited to have All rights reserved. All communications Global Women’s Studies join the Kennedy Center family, and I invite you 30 Lecture Spotlights | Book of the Semester and Middle should be sent to Bridges, 237 HRCB, to send ideas and responses to this and other initiatives. Eastern Refugee Resettlement in Utah Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602.

36 Recommended Reads | Books About Let us know what you think. Global Women’s Studies

News 801-422-2652 Renata Forste [email protected] 38 Alumni Update | Individual Highlights and kennedy.byu.edu William O. Perry IV, Honored Alum Cover Illustration by @claireforste 40 From the Kennedy Center | Photo Winners, Notable “As a Women’s Studies student, I reflected on the strength that Faculty, Grant/Scholarship Recipients comes from women learning from one another and working together. I decided to depict that strength through a family tree with its roots connecting women from all around the world." illustrations by tracy walker

Multidimensional Women Multidimensional Lives by christine m. durham former justice of the utah supreme court

I congratulate this society for its focus on both women in the completely coherent to us and entirely sensible world and Latter-day Saint women in the world. The work of in our view of the world, were regarded by many the twenty-first century—both in the Church and in the wider others within the Church and within our families community that Church members serve in—is changing and is as out of the box. When I look back, we accom- adapting to change demographics, to change understanding, panied those decisions and their formulation and to change perspectives. I will address this idea both in and implementation with a great deal of mutual terms of the work I have done professionally during my consultation, with prayer, and while seeking for career and in terms of the personal experiences in my life confirmation through the Holy Ghost that the that have affected my decisions and my work. paths we were identifying and following were I would like to reference the thoughts, stories, the paths that were right for us and our family. and testimonies we have heard the last few days in Others have alluded to not always being general conference. One of the themes I heard was received well within various communities. When an interesting emphasis on the idea of personal I first moved to Utah, I attended a conference at revelation and the idea of the relationship between the University of Utah on women’s issues. In the the individual and the Holy Ghost as a conduit to aftermath of one of the events at the confer- understanding the will of God, the care of God, ence, I attended a fairly small group meeting and the presence of God in our lives. with forty or so young women, most of them That caused me to reflect [on my early students. Gloria Steinem was there. People took marriage years]. Many of the decisions it upon themselves to describe to Gloria Steinem we made in our life together, although the peculiarities of the local culture, of women, and of women’s issues. I left that setting feeling very uncomfortable with the versations on these issues: 51 percent—more level of disdain and scorn heaped on my church, my institution, and the culture than half—of Latter-day Saint women over that had nurtured me. the age of eighteen are single. That raises a Women are human Not long after that, I attended a Relief Society meeting in which someone lot of interesting questions about how we described what she thought about feminism. I felt equally uncomfortable with think about families, how we think about the level of disdain and scorn for what I saw as an advocacy movement that kinship groups, and how we might approach had a great deal of merit in terms of its goals and its commitment to equality the research on global security and global beings. Human beings for women on so many levels. I learned in young adulthood that I would have security–related institutions if all the focus to navigate the choices I was making and the path I was following in a way that is on the home experience. We all have was going to be my life and my path—not predetermined or predisposed. parents or a parent, but in terms of our upbringing, that does not always follow are multidimensional. A Few Statistics on Women through our lives. I want to start with a syllogism that sort of took root in the title I gave to these Another set of statistics I would like to remarks. It goes like this: “Women are human beings. Human beings are multi- share is the percentage of Latter-day Saint dimensional. Therefore, women are multidimensional.” Any philosophy, any women who are in the workforce in terms Therefore, women are doctrine, any preaching of principles that purports to say to women (or men) of paid employment. The national average in that your essence is X and that you must construct all of your behaviors, your the U.S. for women who work full-time is 39 ambitions, and your work to that essence is a very risky approach to what it percent. Within the Church it is 25 percent: means to be a human being—more importantly, particularly for this audience, one in four Latter-day Saint women work multidimensional. what it means to be a child of God. full-time outside the home. However, another I will share a couple of statistics. They come from the U.S. because they are 23 percent of Latter-day Saint women work have the feeling that I have overinvested You open the next door that presents itself; if the door is locked, you go out the all I could find. The first one is that, in 2018, 56 percent of the membership in part-time. The national average is only 14 my confidence in the capacity of law to bring window. That is how careers are built, and that is the story of my career. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is female. The next statistic is percent. It appears that Latter-day Saint about change. We cannot bring about change When I graduated from law school in 1971, there was not a law firm in the surprising to me—maybe to most of us—and it needs to be a part of our con- women exhibit a preference to working until we have the changes in the law, but tri-state area that would interview a woman. The only women practicing private part-time, perhaps because of their strong changes in legal structure are not necessar- law in that area were women who were with their husband’s or family’s firms. commitment to spending as much time at ily accompanied by changes in hearts and When I came to Utah, it was not a whole lot better—although I did snag a home as they can. If you add the 25 percent minds. wonderful position with a wonderful mentor. He turned out to be someone and the 23 percent together, paid employ- I have noticed a somewhat similar phe- whose single mother had worked for an insurance company. She trained insur- ment outside the home occupies a place in nomenon operating in many other institu- ance executives from ground zero, they got promoted, they made the money, the lives of 48 percent of Latter-day Saint tions—even in the Church. I was interested and she stayed as the office manager and the trainer. He had grown up with a women—nearly half. On a national level it in a story about Chile, where there was no sense of the unfairness of that, and he mentored me and encouraged me in my is 53 percent, so there is a measure in which law about women congregating, but people’s career development. Latter-day Saint women are quite on parity hearts and minds were seduced by the notion There were not very many women lawyers in Utah. When I first arrived, with the rest of women in American culture. that somehow there ought to be a rule. As I attended a conference at the University of Utah on women in the law, and One of the reasons I mention those human beings we tend to be very uncomfort- a female lawyer from Utah gave a talk. Afterward I went up and introduced statistics is that the first set of statistics gives able with change. myself. I told her I was excited to meet her and to find out there were women us a different insight into what we mean That is something I wish I had learned a practicing law in Utah. by family and home work; the second set lot younger in my career. I did an enormous She invited me to a party. She said, “We are all getting together at so-an-so’s of statistics offers us a perspective on paid amount of advocacy for things like the Equal house after the conference.” employment outside the home and what that means in the lives of Latter-day Saint women and, of course, their families. Having those baselines in mind should persuade us that Rights Amendment; I advocated for changes There were twelve women there. I was so excited! I thought, “Twelve women we need more flexibility and more openness in the law that would eliminate the forms of lawyers! Utah is a great place for women lawyers!” to different structures, to different decisions, discrimination that had been encapsulated in It turned out that it was. Some of those women are still my dear friends, and to different paths that people will follow our laws and rules. and we remember the days when the twelve of us were all the women lawyers based on their experiences, opportunities, in Utah. and choices. Law, Justice, and Equality We went on to found an organization in which women could unite their From an early point in my career, I have I chose my profession of law as a way of voices and identify issues they wanted to work on. We organized a national been concerned with the issues of equality acquiring what I thought would be the group that focused on getting more women on the bench and focused on exam- and justice. I went to college in the 1960s. problem-solving skills to work on the issues ining the degree to which gender-related issues and gender-related assumptions I watched this country struggle with issues of equality and justice that I considered were contributing to unequal treatment in the courts and in the law. around racial equality and significant important. Career development is signifi- The same was true for the National Association of Women Judges, which was changes that were occurring and needed cantly a matter of luck. You know what organized the first year after I went on Utah’s trial bench. In my introduction, to occur in our country. One of the things you like to do, you figure out what you it was mentioned that I was the first woman on the Utah Supreme Court. I was I identified as an observer in that struggle like to do, and then you do it. You do it as actually the first woman on the general jurisdiction trial bench as well, in 1978. was the importance of the law to changing well as you can, you wait for opportunities It took almost a hundred years to get a woman on our major trial court and society. Now as I look back on a long life, I to present themselves, and you seize them. about that long to get a woman on the Utah Supreme Court.

4 BRIDGES BRIDGES 5 People look to courts to be places of fairness; they expect to be treated honestly We do not and fairly. But our organization’s research consciousness. This is a very normal human condition. It is not necessarily a suggested that those expectations were not bad thing, which is why calling it implicit assumptions is probably more helpful always met in our state and federal court sys- than calling it implicit bias. Of course, all biases are assumptions about someone tems for many people, especially for women based on known characteristics. For example, when you first meet someone or and people of color. We devoted ourselves to watch someone on TV who is wearing glasses, you automatically give that per- learn just to do educating, to researching, and to developing son a ten-point IQ advantage. Did you know that? People who wear glasses are materials that judges could use to improve assumed to be smarter than people who do not. their practices in these arenas. I like to use that example because it is a relatively benign one about the way When the Utah legislature refused to all of us make assumptions about the people we meet and the people we see, something; we ratify the federal Equal Rights Amendment, what we expect of them, what we attribute to them, what we anticipate they will they promised one of the female legislators do, and what we anticipate they believe. In our culture, we experience the impact that they would provide some money for a of unwarranted, unhelpful, and sometimes totally irrelevant expectations. One of joint task force on eliminating all gender- the things that is so distressing about that is we often are unable or unwilling or related statutes in Utah’s code. I worked on simply fail to address the assumptions we make. learn because the committee that did that. We were one Of course, you cannot function in life without making assumptions. Ste- of the first states in the country to eliminate reotypes exist for a reason because they comport so often with experience and those gender-based statutes. An example of reality. But they are dangerous. We have discovered in the law that these implicit this is in the judicial retirement. When I first assumptions have a huge impact on the processes of justice and on the issues of became a judge, if I had been a man and had who gets arrested, who gets charged, who gets incarcerated, and who does not. the learning and died, my wife would have received a pension, They also have an impact on the issues of whom juries believe as witnesses in the but as a woman judge, if I had died, my courtroom and what kinds of assumptions juries and judges make about indi- husband would have only been entitled to viduals whose futures they are considering. We learn that when we are selecting support if he could prove he was dependent judges for our courts, we make assumptions about them based on what we see on me. Those are the kinds of things the and know and often what we think about what we see and know. our relationship statutes governed. You can find implicit attitudinal tests on the internet. There exists some con- After that work was done, many of us troversy about how malleable they are and how constant their results are over with it expands in that generation thought, “The laws have time. For your own education, google “implicit attitudinal tests from Harvard.” been changed, we have eliminated formal There are tests for race, for gender, for weapons, for appearance (obesity, for discrimination, and we have determined the example)—there is a whole range of them. law will be written in a manner that forbids I was planning to give a talk on implicit assumptions one time, and I thought discrimination and encourages equality I should take one of the tests. I took the one on gender and paid employment. It ourselves and and accountability.” Guess what? It did not was designed to determine what your assumptions are about men and women work out as we expected. It helped a great and work in the home and work outside the home. I have never been squeamish deal in different arenas, but we began to about language. I have called myself a feminist since I was at least eighteen. I ask ourselves why it is that we can change figured that since I have been a feminist all these years, I was going to ace this becomes a part of the institution’s structure and that we can test. I did not ace the test. The results came back suggesting that I was a moder- change the rules and the laws that implement ately biased in favor of associating men with paid employment and women with it but that we still have instances where we employment in the home, even though I had worked all my life and consider can demonstrate, through data and research, work a central part of my life. It was a bit of a shock; I was scared to take any of that women and others who are disadvan- the other tests. the selves we are taged in those systems are not getting a This convinced me I needed to slow down in my decision-making. I have fair shake. hired and supervised many law clerks over the years. I have decisions to make in the course of my work. I needed to be sure I was unpacking my reactions to Implicit Assumptions people I was dealing with and make sure I was not thinking, “He is a _____,” or That is when the research began to emerge “She is a _____,” just because of what I knew on the surface. That appears to be in the business of on what was known as implicit bias—now the only way we know how to unpack those assumptions. called implicit assumptions. There is a whole Having concluded that we could not solve anything solely by changing the body of research that examines the degree law, I came to the conclusion that we had to work very hard to unpack what our to which all of us carry around expectations mission is. I think it has made a difference in many of the circles in which I have growing. and assumptions about the world in our worked and been an advocate for women that people know I am a Latter-day

BRIDGES 7 If we truly believe we have a divine heritage, then we must value that

with a sense of purpose and meaning that I eternal self that needs treasure and that has contributed in so many ways to who I am and what I feel I have contributed to my community. I believe human beings need work. That to learn and to grow. does not mean that work in the home does not qualify. That also does not mean that work in the Church does not qualify. But Saint. I can find consistency and coherence in my beliefs and affiliation with the them was going to end up in that category. this work has to be something that sustains Church and my deep-seated conviction that we have to pay attention to the way The rest of the young women would then you and that you do out of choice and not women and, by extension, children and families thrive or do not thrive in our stand up according to their dot color to by assignment. I worry a good deal about larger communities. represent other categories: the percentage of some of the essentialism I see in the culture women who will be divorced, who will be we have in the Church that suggests that Women, Learning, and Work widowed, and who will end up married. For women, because they are women, have this There are some interesting statistics in Utah about the numbers of women who some reason, that simple act of standing up template and men, because they are men, start degrees at BYU. More women start degree programs than men, but more with the corresponding colored dot made it have that template—that they are different men finish. That is a concern. more real for young people. and do not overlap. I would like to quote President Russell M. Nelson from an earlier time, giving It is very important to understand that Why would that be? Are women and men the Church’s mainline position on the subject of women in education. He said, more than half of the women in the Church not both children of God and human beings? “Your mind is precious! It is sacred. . . . [E]ducation is a religious responsibility. need to support themselves. What are they Would there not be enormous overlap in Let me share with you a poem that speaks to me. I have been using it a lot the . . . In light of this celestial perspective, if you . . . cut short your education, you going to do to support themselves? Will their abilities, their needs, and what they last year or so as I have faced the formal end of my judicial career. It goes with would not only disregard a divine decree but also abbreviate your own eternal they have menial jobs with long hours and could and should do with their lives? In what I said earlier about how you build a career, but this poem is about building potential” (BYU–Idaho devotional, January 2010). That is a perspective on what low pay? Or will they have jobs for which some respects, some of those stereotypes can a life. It is by Kirsten Dierking and is called “Lucky Star”: women ought to be doing to develop their education, their skills, and their access they prepared themselves educationally and be as toxic for men as they are for women. to learning. experientially? Married women are not I know that from my own experience. My All this time, Learning, of course, is not merely instrumental. We do not learn just to do exempt from this scenario, because they may husband, after he was settled in his medical the life you were something; we learn because the learning and our relationship with it expands us become the divorced women or the widowed practice, went part-time so I could go full- supposed to live time to pursue professional opportunities. has been rising around you We switched off the balance for keeping on like the walls of a house top of the home and parenting responsi- designed with warm and becomes a part of the selves we are in the business of growing. Learning is women. The notion that Prince Charming bilities. Lots of people criticized him. Lots harmonious lines. not valuable simply for motherhood. It is not valuable simply for work. It is not will keep you safe economically for the rest of people asked him how he could stand valuable simply for Church leadership or community service. If we truly believe of your life is a flawed notion. to be married to such a bossy woman. His As if you had actually we have a divine heritage, then we must value that eternal self that needs to President Henry B. Eyring once said, parents were somewhat dismayed, which I planned it that way. learn and to grow. (See Eva Witesman, “Women and Education: ‘A Future Only “Part of the tragedy you must avoid is to dis- always thought was funny because George’s God Could See for You,’” BYU devotional address, 27 June 2017.) cover too late that you missed an opportu- great-grandmother was Susa Young Gates. As if you had Therein comes the multidimensionality. First of all, if 51 percent of the adult nity to prepare for a future only God could She was known as the thirteenth apostle. She stacked up bricks women in the Church are single at any given moment, then they must be respon- see for you” (“Education for Real Life,” was not even the Relief Society president at at random, sible for their own care and feeding. They need to support themselves, except for Ensign, October 2002). When I read that, the time, but she had an office in the Church and built by mistake the few who have trust funds. They need to prepare themselves. I thought about the importance of work Office Building because she was such good a lucky star. I used to play a game of life with the young women I was asked to speak in my life. My family has been incredibly friends with the prophet and they spoke to in the Church. Having gathered the statistics on women in the community, important. My children have taught me so nearly daily. George came from a long line I do not think the choices are all at random. I think the bricks we choose I would hand out little colored dots in proportion to what the statistics show. much, and I delight in my association with of strong women, but it caused dismay in make a difference in how lucky our star is. Then I would say, “Everyone with a red dot stand up. You are going to be the them when they were small, when they were some members of our family. They thought women who will never marry.” The young women would blanch, because Lat- teenagers, and now that they are adults. At we were on the wrong path. From this end, Adapted from an address delivered at the International Society Conference on ter-day Saint girls do not think that can happen to them. Yet that percentage of the same time, my work has infused my life it does not look like the wrong path. 2 April 2018.

BRIDGES 9 GLOBAL WOMEN’S STUDIES AT BYU GIVING IS SHEDDING LIGHT ON WOMEN’S HISTORY VOICE AND GIVING THEM A VOICE

BY SARA JARMAN

Historically, women’s voices have been missing. And while women compose almost 50 percent of the world’s population, studying women’s experiences and perspectives has only been acknowledged in academia since the 1970s. BYU’s Global Women’s Studies (GWS) aims to make visible women’s experiences and contributions. GWS student Paige Park explained: “Having a GWS program is important because it is rare that the contributions of women are equally represented in other classes. The GWS program offers classes that focus totally on these contributions. It’s also the best place to learn about issues affecting women and minorities that are so salient in many aspects of life.” At BYU, this academic exploration of women started with the Wom- en’s Research Institute, opened in 1978. Thirteen years later, in 1991, the Women’s Studies minor was created to give students the opportunity

10 BRIDGES BRIDGES 11 to think critically about how gender shapes daily life. traditional minor or major. In addition to coursework, In 2017 the current Global Women’s Studies minor the minor provides students with various avenues to get languages and cultures, and a love for people around was born. Housed in the Kennedy Center, this minor involved, such as through the Human Rights, Women’s the world. “GWS PROVIDES A offers an interdisciplinary option for students focused Rights study abroad in Europe and the AMAR Founda- The GWS curriculum does not solely focus on on understanding women’s experiences in communities tion internship in London. Becoming a member of the individual women as subjects—such as studying the life around the world and appreciating the contributions of GWS Honor Society provides scholarly opportunities, of Frida Kahlo or Anne Frank—but rather it provides WHOLE OR MORE women in all their roles. including research grants related to women’s issues. courses that teach students through and about women’s The new minor requires that students take a variety Professor Valerie Hegstrom, coordinator of GWS, perspectives within the framework of our divine pur- COMPLETE VISION THAT of classes on subjects such as kinship and gender, said, “When I was asked to be the coordinator of Global poses and potential as children of God. women writers, and the international political economy Women’s Studies, my charge was to make the program Professor Harris further elaborated: “GWS is not just of women. Courses are taken from multiple colleges as academically rigorous as possible. My job is to make about ‘add women and stir.’ GWS classes offer gendered EQUIPS EACH OF US TO across campus. This interdisciplinary approach allows the program meaningful for the students. Everything else perspective on how one would analyze labor issues in students to gain a multiplicity of skills not found in a is ancillary to that.” an economics or political science class, for example. It is important to signal that there are important theological MAKE A POSITIVE AND A COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAM and historical reasons to study women.” It is essential Adding the word global to the Women’s Studies program to recognize the role of women in families and societies “I HAVE DEVELOPED A was something Hegstrom and other faculty members and to understand how economic, political, and social INFORMED IMPACT ON had aimed to do for several years. The name change institutions affect women and their ability to influence signaled a public transition from solely a Western lens families and communities. THE WORLD.” UNIQUE LENS FROM THE of understanding women’s issues to that of a more The importance of the GWS program cannot be inclusive framework. Professor Amy Harris, a former overstated: The minor provides a forum in which the equally, but they don’t know how at times, because they GWS executive committee member and internship coor- experiences and contributions of women throughout his- have not had the opportunity to discuss issues such as PROGRAM THAT HAS dinator, explained that if the Women Studies program tory can be explored and understood in light of gospel gender equality. only focused on women’s perspectives from the West- truths. Understanding each individual’s divine potential “A man who has an understanding of gender ern world, the faculty would be doing the students a as a child of Heavenly Parents motivates the desire to issues and knows, at least generally, about the female HELPED ME BECOME disservice. Harris stated further that, while there are still serve and strengthen those on the margins of society. experience in the world will have a greater ability to rampant inequality issues in the West, compared to the GWS should not be considered a newer academic niche work with women, to empathize with women, and to rest of the world, Western women have “an onslaught but rather an open forum in which relevant and import- empower women,” Fitzgerald elaborated. “I think taking MORE RECEPTIVE AND of privilege.” Women with more privilege need to help ant ideas are discussed in an honest and productive way. classes in GWS helps empower men and women, which those who are disadvantaged. in turn leads to more progress in society. Understanding “I have developed a unique lens from the program A MINOR FOR EVERYONE the similarities and the differences between men and ATTUNED TO HOW I that has helped me become more receptive and attuned The minor is not for a select group of students. “This women is only going to lead to progress in the world.” to how I could be a better advocate and ally to disen- minor is for everyone,” said GWS student Emma Beau- Trace Lund, a former GWS student, said, “For men franchised and marginalized populations,” said GWS mont. “I believe it applies to every major. On our study in general, Women’s Studies gives insight into women’s COULD BE A BETTER student Anna Salvania. abroad, we had representation from a variety of majors, historical and contemporary contributions to society Women’s studies at BYU is global, in part because including nursing, political science, English, neurosci- that can, unfortunately, often [be] absent in a typical many of our faculty and students have served as mis- ence, psychology, and education.” college-level curriculum.” ADVOCATE AND ALLY sionaries around the world and have participated on And while the composition of GWS is primarily Some GWS students recognize that in an ideal world, study abroad or international internships. GWS faculty women, a few male students have chosen the minor. a program like GWS would not be necessary, in a sense. and students bring to their examination of gender and GWS minor Joseph Fitzgerald explained that he became Academia should include both women’s and men’s per- TO DISENFRANCHISED women’s issues a deep commitment to the principles involved because his grandmother, sister, and mother spectives from history. Typically, this is not the reality. of the restored gospel, an understanding of global are examples of strong, powerful women in his life. He Until then, “GWS provides a whole or more complete wanted to support a world in which the women in his vision that equips each of us to make a positive and AND MARGINALIZED family are valued as equal contributors to society. Fitz- informed impact on the world,” Annalaura Solomon, a gerald also said he has grown weary of hearing the old graduate of the program, emphasized. adage that “men will never understand women, so why With the students who enroll in the GWS minor POPULATIONS.” try?” Fitzgerald explained that, in his experience, most steadily increasing every semester, the vision seems to be men “want to do the right thing” and treat everyone catching.

2010 2012 1983 1985–89 1992 Womenʼs Studies WRI retreats Wells and WRI 2016 1978 Student grants Womenʼs 1991 1994 Conference on started grants established 25th anniversary Womenʼs Research established; Mary conferences 1989 Womenʼs Studies Continued minor and 2009 campus started Institute established; Stovall, director minor established 2011 of Womenʼs 1984 Marie Cornwall, added research, guest Reorganization of Womenʼs Studies Ida Smith, director Valerie Hegstrom, Studies minor Faculty grants director lectures, film series; Bonnie from WRI to Womenʼs Studies program; established Ballif Spanville, director Renata Forste, director director

12 BRIDGES BRIDGES 13 Left: Documenting the findings from interviews conducted with the child returnees at the Kalongo Training Center, Uganda, 2008 (courtesy of Robert Seidl). Right: Preparing for the field inspection during Integrated Field Exercise 2008 (IFE08) at Semipalatinsk Test Site, Kazakhstan, 2008 (courtesy of Hermann Lampalzer).

Elizabeta Jevtic-Somlai is a native of Serbia and a pas- sionate advocate for nuclear nonproliferation, human rights, and children’s active participation in peace building and peacekeeping. Liz received a BA in international relations as well as a BA and an MA in German, at Brigham Young University with a focus on the persecution of the Roma during World War II. She then received a PhD in international conflict analysis from the Univer- With this statement, Elder Kearon asked each mem- sity of Kent. Liz worked for ten years in Vienna, Austria, ber in attendance to take a step back and reconsider with the United Nations at the Preparatory Commission their approach toward those in need. What if their story for the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organization. Following were mine? Not so long ago, their story was mine, as her time at the UN, she joined the BYU Department my family crossed into Austria in an attempt to avoid of Political Science from 2016 to 2018 as a visiting the perils of the wars on the soil of ex-Yugoslavia in professor. She continues to advise the Kennedy Center the 1990s. European Studies collegiate Model EU program. What parallels can be drawn from this history that INTERVIEW As someone with personal experience as a might inform us today? European refugee, how do you view the current The breakup of Yugoslavia started brewing during the refugee crisis? late 1980s. When it finally erupted with the secession of Europe has been experiencing a steady flow of refugees Slovenia and Croatia in 1991, the first wave of refugees since World War II. Despite it, two great influxes stand started arriving in the neighboring countries, followed by out: the first resulting from the war on European soil two more waves in 1992 with the war in Bosnia and in Reshaping itself during the breakup of Yugoslavia and the second— 1996 with the war in Kosovo. It should be remembered the current crisis—resulting from the war in Syria. I that, at the time, in addition to the conflict in Yugoslavia, would draw some parallels and suggest that the humane there were other conflicts across the globe producing approach exhibited by individuals across Europe in the disproportionate numbers of internally displaced people current influx is what is making the difference in how (IDPs) and refugees. While these numbers are smaller refugees are accepted. than those Europe experienced in 2015 through 2017 During the April 2016 general conference, Elder with the influx of Syrian refugees, they are sizeable Refugee Patrick Kearon stated: “As members of the Church, as enough to allow for comparisons. a people, we don’t have to look back far in our history At the beginning, the issue of refugees was only visi- to reflect on times when we were refugees, violently ble in political rhetoric and media. It is due to this visi- driven from homes and farms over and over again.” He bility that locals were frightened of the refugees, causing referenced the women’s session of conference, saying, two principle sentiments: empathy and willingness to “Last weekend in speaking of refugees, Sister Linda help versus rage, fear, and antagonism. The rage and Rhetoric Burton asked the women of the Church to consider, fear drove some locals to extreme measures. As a result, ‘What if their story were my story?’ Their story is our acts of aggression toward the shelters and the foreigners An Interview with Professor story, not that many years ago.” (Kearon, “Refuge from could be observed as early as 1992. However, there were the Storm,” Ensign, May 2016; quoting Linda Burton, “I also expressions of empathy, as many individuals called Elizabeta Jevtic-Somlai Was a Stranger,” Ensign, May 2016.) for tolerance and understanding. Demonstrations against

14 BRIDGES BRIDGES 15 The issue has a long-term effect on the lives of many. A migrant Saying goodbye to the former child will return to a home because soldiers at the Beni Transition Center, Democratic Republic he or she has one; a refugee of the Congo, 2007 (courtesy of John cannot do that and requires Bosco Lakoni). further assistance to rebuild his or her life.

of war or for religious or political reasons—a person not entitled to any special provisions by the state, while had nowhere to turn—except we were Latter-day Saints. who flees to a foreign country or power to escape danger a refugee is guaranteed protection and shelter under the Our church community took us in and helped us gain or persecution. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)—the a footing. While migrants also have the right to movement for convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 It took a year for us to learn the language and a better life, equating a refugee with a migrant mini- protocol. As a result, calling the issue a migrant crisis another year to obtain some sort of employment. Our mizes the hardship, the trauma, and the risks that any allows countries to deal with the situation in accor- right to remain in Austria was reviewed every six months refugee has experienced. It also diminishes our need to dance with their domestic laws and political sentiments, radicalism and racism were regularly held in most capi- for the ten years that would follow. Finally, in 2002 feel empathy and feel accountable—and accountable we thereby dismissing their obligations under the UDHR. tals across Europe for months. my brother and father obtained more stable, perma- are. Refugees have rights under international law, which Let us remember that the current situation is brought The current sentiments are not any different, just nent visas. It took another three years for my brother places responsibility upon receiving states to provide on by people running away from war. They are trying more visible in the media—providing water and food to obtain a work visa and, with it, a semipermanent shelter and protection. Each country signatory to the to escape homes and cities destroyed through bomb- to the passing masses, acts of aggression toward mainly residency in Austria. None of us has secured citizenship Hague Conventions and various other international ing, constant shooting and aggression by people with Muslim men, and videos and articles that confirm refu- after twenty-four years of living in Austria. treaties agreed to that. Once the initial shock wears off, opposing views, forceful recruitment and participation gees’ innocence or terrorist nature. The list goes on. But mine is only one of many such stories. While terming the issue as a migrant crisis creates an attitude in the military, starvation due to natural and man-made What also remains similar is the fact that despite all many believe that refugees’ hardships end once they of it being a routine situation, which creates the senti- catastrophes, and violence and unrest caused by civilians the discussion and fanfare around refugees, the actual cross into Western, more developed countries, in many ment of no urgency. And yet the issue has a long-term usurping power—sometimes even by their own people behind the term remain invisible. In the 1990s, experiences it is only the beginning of a new type of effect on the lives of many. A migrant will return to a governments. some were granted refugee status, few were granted asy- hardship. Many of the refugees are reluctant reloca- home because he or she has one; a refugee cannot do lum, and most were allowed to remain until the situation tors and had good lives back home. As a result of their that and requires further assistance to rebuild his or European countries are, in varying degrees, repeat- changed in their countries of origin. During the breakup refugee experience, many struggle to reestablish a sense her life. ing the scenario witnessed during the 1990s. What of Yugoslavia, most were invisible to aid and had a hard of dignity and humanity and to feel accepted as contrib- Second, using the term “migrant” enables the coun- are the differences in the way Europe is reacting time getting access to education and the labor market. In utors to that particular society, not as its burden and tries unwilling or unable to aid the refugees to excuse to the refugee influx now? Austria, foreigners, or Ausländer, as they would call the demise. Unfortunately, that has not changed since my themselves without the burden of international law The first difference is that the international community is refugees, were made to feel unwelcome in most public experience. And I suspect it never will as long as fear is accountabilities. If referenced as a migrant, a person is more organized. As a result, more individuals are aware spaces. Today’s treatment is not that much different, used as a political tool, allowing negative sentiments with one difference: countries who have labor market to prevail. shortages tend to be more open to granting working rights to them. Do you think that we have a complete understanding of what is happening in this crisis? What was your experience as a refugee? No. And how can we? Not even governments have the My family was among the invisible number. While we complete understanding. Let’s use one example, that of were allowed to remain in Austria, the circumstances terminology used. Take a look at any dictionary, and it around that life were made so difficult for us, in effect will define a migrant as a person who moves regularly trying to encourage us to leave or to move on. We ran in order to find work or better livelihood. In contrast, a out of financial sustenance, had no home, and could not refugee is defined by international law as someone who Growing up in Sombor, Vojvodina, ex-Yugoslavia. Left: family photo, speak the language; no one would employ us, and we has been forced to leave their country of origin because 1978; right: with Santa, 1984 (courtesy of Elizabeta Jevtic-Somlai).

16 BRIDGES BRIDGES 17 Having been a refugee was a defining moment in my life, but it did not define who I am, nor did Left: Interviewing a former child soldier at the Kalongo Training Center, Uganda, 2008 (courtesy of Robert Seidl). Middle: Playing with Nepali children during a humanitarian expedition in Lamjung it define my friends who were ref- district, Nepal, 2009 (courtesy of Veronica Schindler). Right: Discussing findings during a Directed Exercises 2006 (DE06) areal overflight in Slunj, Croatia, 2006 (courtesy of Grace Okongo). ugees with me and who have all accomplished great things since the refugee routes. Lines of volunteers and helpers have of states’ obligations and can call on them to fulfill risen to the task of aiding in ways they are able. In such obligations. Greece, locals help arrivals out of their boats, provide then. It was a period in our lives, The second difference is the availability of informa- blankets and words of encouragement, or invite refugees tion. Through social media and the internet, each indi- into their homes to eat, shower, and rest before they and it will also only be a period in vidual can be easily connected with what is happening continue their voyage west. In Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, in the refugees’ countries of origin. While this has caused and Austria, hundreds line themselves on the streets, more opinions to be voiced and has allowed the perpet- providing food, clothing, blankets, and hygiene kits or the lives of these refugees. uation of racist and anti-refugee commentary to spread help assist with medical needs. In Germany, the locals farther than before, it has also had the positive effect welcome new arrivals with signs, toys for the children, of allowing each individual to witness the destruction and water and food for all. and create his or her own picture of the situation. It has Further, many members of The Church of Jesus given refugees a face, and with that face comes greater Christ of Latter-day Saints have, according to Elder empathy. Kearon, experienced a joyful awakening and enriching Third, many of the countries through which the of the soul as they have responded to a deep, innate Syrian refugees passed in 2015, such as in the Balkans desire to reach out and serve those in such extreme need will shape their thinking, their laws, and their conduct. themselves, are populated by people who have either around them. The Church has provided shelter and med- According to Doug Saunders in the Globe and Mail, experienced civil war or were refugees themselves. ical care. Stakes and missions have assembled thousands the past shows that “the 1990 Balkan refugee wave They are drawing from their past experiences to aid of hygiene kits. Other stakes have provided food and provoked a political crisis unlike any being experienced define who I am, nor did it define my friends who were those in need. water, clothing, waterproof coats, bicycles, books, back- today: So fearful were Germans of a permanent tide of refugees with me and who have all accomplished great packs, reading glasses, and much more. Individuals from refugees that they amended their constitution, which things since then. It was a period in our lives, and it Do you see any positive responses? Scotland to Sicily have stepped in to every conceivable had previously guaranteed citizenship to anyone seeking will also only be a period in the lives of these refugees. Yes, you can find them amidst the ugly and the bad role. Doctors and nurses have volunteered their services refugee status. It seemed to many that the Balkan wars According to Elder Kearon, if we reach out and aid them examples of governments’ inflexibility to accommodate when refugees arrive soaked, chilled, and often trauma- would last forever, and the millions of refugees would be in this transitory period, “some of them will go on to be the refugees. A number of good initiatives and efforts tized from their water crossings. As refugees begin the permanent. [Were the Germans justified in these fears? Nobel laureates, public servants, physicians, scientists, involve governments that are working to rectify mistakes resettlement process, local members are helping them No.] Those worries proved unfounded. About two-thirds musicians, artists, religious leaders, and contributors of the past. One such effort can be seen in the media’s learn the language of their host country, while others are of the 1990s refugees returned to Bosnia, Croatia and in other fields. Indeed, many of them were these things struggle to portray the refugees in a neutral light. For lifting the spirits of both children and parents. In almost Kosovo; the third who stayed became well-integrated before they lost everything. This moment does not define example, consider Germany’s “We welcome refugees” all situations, members are welcoming those arriving and citizens of Germany. All evidence suggests that the Syrian them, but our response will help define us.” initiative, an integration attempt that provides options helping them integrate into society by reestablishing a refugees are in a similar situation, with similar long-term As a community and a people, as members of the for locals to take in refugees as roommates. What is sense of dignity and humanity. intentions.” (“The Migrant Crisis: Here’s Why It’s Not Church and citizens of countries that can provide help, remarkable about this is that it builds on the assumption What You Think,” 2 September 2015.) and as children of God, our response, if we choose to that the local population is willing to house refugees in What about a broader positive response— show empathy, will refine us. its homes and is incentivized by the state’s provision of across political spaces? What is the main takeaway? funds to cover rent. While the political realm might take another decade or This crisis is as much of a test for those leaving their This interview was adapted from a presentation given Another good example—and probably the most two to adjust to this pattern of individual empathy, it is homes as it is a test of our humanity. Having been a by Liz Jevtic-Somlai at the 27th Annual International important one—is exemplified in the responses along through the power of each individual citizen that states refugee was a defining moment in my life, but it did not Society Conference on 4 April 2016 in Provo, Utah.

18 BRIDGES BRIDGES 19 Karaganda, Kazakhstan Located along the Silk Road, Kazakhstan is a melting pot where the East and West once moved freely. Eventually becoming part of the Soviet Union, the country exhibits traces today of Middle Eastern, Western, Asian, and Soviet influences. 2017.11

Far and Wide Photography by Christine Armbruster

20 BRIDGES BRIDGES 21 Petra, Jordan Fascinated by the Bedouins, one of the oldest nomadic tribes in the world, I spent a winter living with them in caves. When Petra became a World Heritage Site, many of the Bedouins who had lived there for thousands of years were kicked out of their homes and relocated to the modern village of Um-Sayhoon. As the village became more crowded, the younger generations started moving back into their family caves to reclaim their homes and tra- ditions. The cave where this man lives is estimated to date back to 400 BC. 2013.03

Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan A woman sells birch branches outside of a bath house. It is tradition to bring in these branches to the sauna with you, hitting yourself or others, acting as a massage tool and releasing the smell of the tree. On the way to the bath house, streets Sarajevo, Bosnia in all directions are lined with people selling bath Children wait in line for cotton candy at a carnival on products out of their cars. 2017.12 the outskirts of town. 2010.07

22 BRIDGES BRIDGES 23 Signaghi, Georgia Setting up his stand on the street, a man sells grapes and homemade wine bottled into old plastic bottles. With hundreds of varieties of grapes grown in the Republic of Georgia, the tradition of making wine in the home is evident on the street as vendors sell their homemade batches in anything from old Coke bottles to mustard bottles. 2015.11

Mitrovice, Kosovo/Serbia Children play near an abandoned fountain, close to the bridge connecting the divided city. Mitrovice is still in conflict. One side is settled by Serbs, while the other side is settled by Kosovo-Albanians. Both sides believe the other side is occupying their country illegally. Though war ended twenty years prior, there is still racial violence, resulting in a wall between the two sides and a permanent police state enforced by the UN. 2019.02 Travel, in the younger sort, is a part of education; in the elder, a part of experience. —Sir Francis Bacon

With an education in commercial photography from BYU (’12) and a fascination with cultures, Christine Armbruster was once asked by her professor why she felt the need to travel so far and wide to tell her stories. The results can be seen in her projects featuring small western towns, her project Mortar Shells and Cigarettes in the Balkans, and her work across four Soviet states, among others. She has been published in AFAR, Outside Magazine, and the Utah Historical Quarterly, and she has worked for the Travel Channel, Airbnb, and Grubhub. She shoots between Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Salt Lake City, Utah, but can be found all over the world at any given moment. Rome, 2017 24 BRIDGES BRIDGES 25 Physical Security Solutions

Academics §§ Research women’s experiences §§ Encourage female students to speak up in class Women §§ Avoid euphemisms (example: “forced marriage” termed “a crime against humanity”) §§ Recognize women’s contributions and Worldwide perspectives Parents WomanStats tracks 375 variables with 170,000 §§ Give sons and daughters equal chores and data points for 175 nations that tell the stories rotate among them of women around the world. Thirteen researchers §§ Be an example of an equal relationship in seven countries, including BYU, are developing §§ Model gender equality in the home this critically acclaimed project. Several BYU §§ Teach girls self-respect students are also involved with the goal to build awareness of and improve women’s status Policymakers worldwide. §§ Require and provide gender disaggregation for all national statistics §§ Grant equal rights to divorce and child custody §§ Promote greater presence of women on police and peacekeeping forces §§ Prohibit what is illegal in your country, even if the practice is legal in immigrants’ home countries §§ Keep caregiving economically rational

Practitioners §§ Ask women what institutional policies are holding them back §§ Develop solutions to help keep girls in school §§ Offer scholarships for girls

Individuals §§ Share national statistics and information WOMEN ARE WOMEN HAVE FAIRLY WOMEN HAVE WOMEN HAVE LOW WOMEN ARE NOT NO DATA AVAILABLE PHYSICALLY SECURE HIGH LEVELS OF MODERATE LEVELS OF LEVELS OF PHYSICAL PHYSICALLY SECURE §§ Get involved in community outreach PHYSICAL SECURITY PHYSICAL SECURITY SECURITY §§ Watch and fund films made by women §§ Boycott products that objectify women in their advertising WOMEN ARE WOMEN HAVE FAIRLY WOMEN HAVE FAIRLY WOMEN HAVE LOW WOMEN ARE NOT NO DATA AVAILABLE PHYSICALLY SECURE HIGH LEVELS OF MODERATE LEVELS OF LEVELS OF PHYSICAL PHYSICALLY SECURE PHYSICAL SECURITY PHYSICAL SECURITY SECURITY Societal Status General Security Violence Variables Business WOMEN’S SECURITY IN THE §§ Close the gender gap in pay FAMILY §§ Train professionals in workplaces on WOMEN’S PHYSICAL Rape Map of World with Countries - Outline by genderFreeVectorMaps.com equality Family Life 3% SECURITY 5% §§ Ensure women comprise at least 30 Violence Slave Marital 25% 6% WOMEN’S SECURITY IN THE percent of boards of directors in Society COMMUNITY Trafcking Rape §§ Expand maternity and child-care benefits 7% WOMEN’S SECURITY IN THE STATE Violence Development Empowerment SECURITY FOR MATERNITY Variables for Security 9% Sex Women WOMEN’S ECONOMIC of Women Committing SECURITY Trafcking Trafcking and Suicide More Information Prostitution WOMEN’S LEGAL SECURITY 9% The WomanStats Database is updated daily, 25% SECURITY THROUGH and the number of sources, datapoints, Women and Cultural COMMUNITY INVESTMENT Unexpected Women and variables continue to increase as more Government Practices 10% OF WOMEN Violence Murdered information becomes available. Learn more: WOMEN’S SECURITY THROUGH VOICE WSEOCMUREINTYʼS IN WomanStats.org @WomanStats THE FAMILY Map of world with countries outlined by FreeVectorMaps.com with countries outlined by world Map of WomanStats data illuminates how the status of WomanStats’ 375+ variables measure distinct WPHOYMSIECNAʼLS WomanStats measures many dimensions of gendered violence. SECURITY women is linked to different social, economic, dimensions of women’s security. WSEOCMUREINTYʼS IN and political outcomes. THE COMMUNITY

WSEOCMUREINTYʼS IN THE STATE

FSOERC UMRAITYERNITY

WECOONMEONMʼSIC SECURITY

WLEOGMALE NSEʼSCURITY

TSHERCOUURGITHY COMMUNITY INVESTMENT OF WOMEN

WSEOCMUREINTYʼS THROUGH VOICE In the Bag Fresh Takes on Travel

hat’s on your packing list? Spring and summer terms are the busiest time of year Wfor Kennedy Center International Study Programs, with more than 72 programs underway across the globe. One of our newest student employees, Sara Andersen, photographer and photo editor, spent her summer term on the Photography Department’s study abroad in Scotland and the Faroe Islands. (We can’t wait to see the photos!) Here she shares a look into what was inside her backpack.

Send a photo of your gear to kennedymarketing@ byu.edu, where we’ll share the best ones on social media and award them Kennedy Center gear.

@byuinternational

Obsessed with a particular study abroad program— your own past experience? Or maybe you are imagining an epic internship for a family member or friend? Catch realtime glimpses of what students are learning, seeing, and experiencing through our dedicated @byuinternational Instagram account. It’s filled with international experiences and highlights that reveal BYU inspiring learning firsthand with frequent photos from across the continents by students from every college. You can also find travel tips and takeovers or ask questions.

28 BRIDGES BRIDGES 29 Lecture Spotlights

Tracing Social Justice The World Comes to Utah

hile on a family pilgrimage to Church history aren Frost began her lecture, “Middle Eastern sites in 1976, two seminal stops influenced the Refugee Women Resettling in Utah: An W trajectory of W. Paul Reeve’s life. They eventu- C Exploration of Strengths and Challenges for ally led him to write Religion of a Different Color: Integration,” with a summary of staggering statistics and Race and the Mormon Struggle for Whiteness. First, explanations of categorization: throughout the world while in Nauvoo, Reeve gazed upon an ancestral home, there are 68 million displaced persons—48 million inter- empty and boarded up. He was told the family had nally displaced within their country, 25 million catego- walked away from this brick home in 1846, when the rized as refugees, and 3 to 5 million asylum seekers. Saints headed west. Second, during a stop in Missouri Utah took in 7,020 refugees (46 percent women) from he heard the story of the Haun’s Mill massacre. The 2012 to 2017, most of them coming from Afghanistan, fact that no one was brought to justice for either crime Iraq, Iran, Myanmar, Somalia, Sudan, and Syria. Frost stayed with him, and Reeve’s first research question says that resettlement agencies Catholic Community 24 January 2018 7 February 2018 African Studies Panel: Race and Sport was formed: How does one justify killing someone who Services and the International Rescue Committee were Migration Patterns Underlying California’s Rapid Population Progress Post Gold Rush looks like you? “not prepared to handle the influx.” The numbers have William Mitchell, former football coach and retired major, U.S. Air Force; Leonard Moore, associate vice president, Academic Diversity Clearly, religious differences played a part, but that dropped, though, and federal funding is being cut, so the Sam Otterstrom, associate dean and professor Initiatives, and professor of history, University of Texas; Cameron of geography, BYU was not the full picture. The perpetrators convinced situation is changing. McCoy, assistant professor of history, BYU; moderator: Mikaela Dufur, themselves that Latter-day Saints were not only reli- Middle Eastern women refugees face particular chal- associate professor of sociology, BYU giously but also racially apart. Reeve uncovered numer- lenges, ranging from becoming the family breadwinner ous descriptions of the Saints as “racially suspect”—in to experiencing higher levels of interpersonal violence other words, not white. and from marrying younger to having more arranged However, Church leaders were not without racial marriages. The impact of war, rape, and torture on these JANUARY FEBRUARY injustice toward others. “Owning our own racism is women has increased their susceptibility to mental health heavy,” Reeve said. “More often than not, when I share issues, and many suffer from PTSD. There is a lack of the Latter-day Saint racial story and talk about Brigham mental health services for Muslim groups. Young and other leaders’ roles in beginning and perpet- If you meet a refugee, Frost recommends saying hello, uating it, people get understandably uncomfortable. We making a friend of them, and listening to them without should be uncomfortable.” judgment. And she suggests volunteering—“your life will be enriched.” W. Paul Reeve is the Simmons Professor of Mormon Studies at the University of Utah. Religion of a Different Caren Frost is the director of the Center for Research on Color received the Mormon History Association’s Best Migration & Refugee Integration for the University of Book Award, the John Whitmer Historical Association’s Utah and a research professor at the university’s College Smith-Pettit Best Book Award, and the Utah Division of of Social Work. State History’s Francis Armstrong Madsen Award. View the lecture in its entirety online at kennedy.byu. View the lecture in its entirety online at kennedy.byu. edu/events/middle-eastern-refugee-women- edu/events/religion-of-a-different-color. resettling-in-utah.

31 January 2018 Faculty Fretting: African History 7 February 2018 Leslie Hadfield, Christine Isom-Verhaaren, and Evan Ward, BYU Department of History Empire by Entrepreneur: Transnational Merchants in Russia at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century

Matthew P. Romaniello, associate professor of history, University of Hawaii at Manoa

30 BRIDGES BRIDGES 31 lecture spotlights

@BYUHumanities: “Every human and creature must have access to the min- imum of a decent life. [Leaders] are not providing this.” 14 February 2018 21 February 2018 28 February 2018 8 March 2018 Borders Panel: Women and Children in Crisis: Volunteering European Borders and Italian Transgressions: Migration and Politics in Africa Rethinking Jim Crow Segregation at an ICE Detention Center Film Fictions vs. Social Realities Ken Bugul (Mariètou Mbaye Biléoma), author, Senegal Nathan D. B. Connolly, associate professor of history, Johns Hopkins Kif Augustine-Adams, Mallorie Mecham, Blaine Thomas, and Carlie Marie Orton, professor of Italian, BYU University Smith, BYU Law School

FEBRUARY MARCH

@CanCGDenver (Consul- ate General of Canada in Denver): DYK that 20% of Utah’s ag exports go to Canada or Mexico? Up to 46,000 UT jobs would be lost if #NAFTA goes away. #NAFTAmatters @BYUKennedyCtr

14 February 2018 21 February 2018 22 February 2018 7 March 2018 14 March 2018 NAFTA: The Benefits of North American Memory and Conflict—How Can We Popular Participation in Politics in Revolution Across Borders: Mexico’s Transnational Borders Panel: No More Strangers: Free Trade Seek Reconciliation Rather Than Con- Nineteenth-Century Latin America Radicals and Artists, 1920–1945 Breaking Down Borders at BYU flict Through Our Memories and Our Stéphanie Lessard, consulate general of Gabriel Di Meglio, professor of history, Stephanie Smith, associate professor of history, Eric Ruiz Bybee, assistant professor of teacher education, BYU; Steve Canada, Denver, Colorado History? University of Buenos Aires The Ohio State University Smith, director, BYU Counseling and Career Center, BYU; Julie Valen- tine, assistant professor of nursing, BYU Henrik Syse, research professor, Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), and vice chair, Norwegian Nobel Committee

32 BRIDGES BRIDGES 33 lecture spotlights @BYUKennedyCtr: “Lean into your own history. Do the work of @BYUKennedyCtr: “The history changing the narrative to of borders is, I believe, more include the difficult part complicated than we imagine.” of our past—the parts in 21 March 2018 29 March 2018 Natives as Immigrants and Refugees: A Comparative North Punishment Beyond the Deportee: American Borderlands Example The Collateral Consequences of Mass Deportation Brenden W. Rensink, assistant director, Charles Redd Center for Western which we produced and Studies, and assistant professor of history, BYU Tanya Golash-Boza, professor of sociology, University of California–Merced perpetuated racism, just MARCH as it was against us.” —Paul Reeve @BYUKennedyCtr: “The most determinant and significant predictor of national security is the measure of 21 March 2018 21 March 2018 Café Europa: Great Cinema by European Women: A Sampler Emmeline B. Wells: A Conversation on Resilience women’s household Raissa Vulfovna Solovieva, associate professor of German and Carol Cornwall Madsen, professor emeritus of history, BYU; Jill Mulvay Russian, BYU; Sharon Swenson, assistant professor of theatre Derr, senior research historian, Church History Department, The Church and media arts, BYU; moderator: Julie Allen, professor of compara- of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints; Kate Holbrook, managing histori- tive arts and letters, BYU an for women’s history, Church History Department, The Church of Jesus disempowerment.” Christ of Latter-day Saints —Dr. Valerie Hudson

34 BRIDGES BRIDGES 35 Recommendations from Brandie R. Siegfried, an associate professor of English. Siegfried teaches courses in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century English literature. Her special interests include Shakespeare, Recommended Renaissance drama, early modern women writers, gender studies, and Irish literary history. The European Women’s History Anne Frank’s Diary: Headstrong: 52 Women Who From Global Women Studies Reader The Graphic Adaptation Changed Science—and the World edited by Fiona Montgomery and adapted by Ari Folman and illustrated by by Rachel Swaby Reads Affiliated Faculty Christine Collette David Polonsky This is an inspiring collection of biograph- Though now slightly out of date, this col- A fresh take on the famous diary of a ical sketches about how various women lection highlights the influence of women Holocaust victim, this graphic adaptation across time and around the globe (though in European history, politics, and culture is deserving of the many accolades it has most are in Europe and the U.S.) have through past centuries. This book should be garnered this past year. The illustrations achieved world-changing contributions to augmented by online resources, such as the are arresting: detailed, revelatory, and often the sciences. The book is divided into seven Women Political Leaders Global Forum at provocative of further questions about categories—medicine, biology and the envi- womenpoliticalleaders.org. and deeper contemplations of the text they ronment, genetics and development, physics, amplify. The excerpts from Anne Frank’s earth and stars, math and technology, and Jane Austen: A Life diary are judiciously linked to become a invention—that are developed historically, seamless narrative. Readers already familiar with early women in science setting the by Claire Tomalin with that work will be surprised at how stage for later women to continue making many new insights this version provides. achievements. This volume is still one of the most readable biographies of English author Jane Austen’s life. Her friendships, travels, love life, family Recommendations from Renata Forste, director of the David M. Kennedy Center for relations, and indirect embroilment in sev- International Studies, BYU associate international vice president, and professor of sociology. eral historical events are sketched with clear, Her research has focused on population studies, women’s and children’s health, and family crisp prose. An exacting and detailed history research. She has also served as coordinator of Latin American Studies and of Women’s of a life, it nevertheless reads like a novel: Studies at BYU. rich descriptions of place, nuanced portraits of the key players in Austen’s life, and a The Body Project: An Intimate History of American Girls willingness to address enduring questions by Joan Jacobs Brumberg without devolving into speculation charac- terize a rich work of history. Based on the diaries of young girls, this book explores how these girls see their bodies. A La Dame d’Esprit: A Biography of century ago, girls faced corsets and other challenges, but the societal emphasis on inner the Marquise Du Châtelet qualities resulted in a very different view of their bodies than today. Now girls’ bodies have by Judith P. Zinsser become a “project,” and the realm that used to be shared by mothers and daughters has become commercialized. This fascinating exploration reveals how today’s body image discussion and dissatisfaction among young girls has been accompanied by a shift in focus from Anyone interested in the early acceptance inner qualities and characteristics to outer appearance and body image. and establishment of Newtonian physics needs to know about Emilie Du Châtelet, One Hundred Birds Taught Me to Fly: The Art of Seeking God whose translation and explication of by Ashley Mae Hoiland Principia became the model for most subsequent tutorials (teaching and textbook) until the mid-twentieth century. In addition This refreshingly personal look at Hoiland’s life is broken into chapters and stories— to being a fine account of Du Châtelet’s “Heart,” “Tradition,” “Laughter,” “Finding,” and “Together/Forever,” to name a few. She life, Zinsser’s book offers a brief tutorial writes as a Latter-day Saint woman who puts an artistic imprint on her worldview, and she on how the writing of histories shapes our offers personal, creative, and intimate insights about the gospel and her life experiences. perceptions of the past. Zinsser provides three opening vignettes and then briefly Global Woman: Nannies, Maids, and Sex Workers in the New Economy notes how each—completely factual—frames edited by Barbara Ehrenreich and Arlie Russell Hochschild the subsequent narrative in distinct ways. In any version, the brilliant Du Châtelet was a fascinating woman. In addition to making Delve into the global economic conundrum women from developing countries face to better Newton’s work accessible to several gen- understand how one group with new freedoms and employment opportunities relies on erations of readers, Du Châtelet also made another. These women from developing countries leave their families to provide childcare or several of her own contributions to physics other services in the “new economy” of the wealthier group. This book is written in a highly and mathematics, and Zinsser has done a engaging style and uncovers a largely invisible space involving work, feminism, family, and fine job of bringing that work to life. the challenges facing migrant women worldwide.

36 BRIDGES BRIDGES 37 Alumni ’10 STEVEN D. WRIGLEY is the founder and president of Global Update Outreach Alliance and also serves as director of Chrysalis Inc. Wrigley empowers communities by promoting self-reliance We Are through education, mentoring, and sustainable development Listening ’92 ’05 solutions. BA: Asian studies, MICHAEL K. SIMPSON has been LEANNA DELLENBACH ESCOBAR 2010. Did you just survive a senior consultant and exec- is a technical writer at Phynd a big move, change jobs, or start a new utive coach for FranklinCovey Technologies. Escobar previ- adventure? Send us since 1987. Simpson concur- ously taught Spanish at the your latest updates rently serves as a managing GLOBE Academy in Atlanta ’13 at kennedycenter@ partner for eBusiness Advisory with a focus on international HONORED ALUMNI LECTURE byu.edu so other & Consulting Services. He education and program JEFFREY P. CROSSLEY is a FALL 2018 Kennedy Center alumni received an MOB from management. She served in Church history specialist in In October 2018, the Kennedy and friends can hear Columbia University in New the Paraguay Asunción North Salt Lake City for The Church ’14 Center’s Alumni Achievement from you. York City. BA: international Mission from 2005 to 2007 of Jesus Christ of Latter-day CHELSEA E. ASHTON serves as Award winner William “Bill” relations, 1992. and received an MS in interna- Saints. Crossley focuses on the senior analyst at Goldman Sachs O. Perry IV presented a lec- tional policy management from Caribbean, Central America, in Salt Lake City, Utah. Ashton ture, “Trump’s Trade Wars: Kennesaw State University. BA: and Mexico. He served a previously worked in interna- How Tariffs Are Taxing Our international studies; minor: mission in Guatemala from tional business development Domestic Markets.” Perry ’02 Latin American studies, 2005. 2001 to 2003. BA: international at PenBlade for two years. She works at Perry Homes and relations, 2013. specializes in quantitative and is vice president of the Utah PATRICK M. ROSE is the presi- qualitative analysis, economic Property Rights Coalition, a dent and owner of 1st Choice WILLIAM T. SNIDER is director of development, political science, nonprofit advocacy group. He Pilot Car Service LLC, which systems and processes at DFPG and economics. BA: interna- has previously worked as a cor- offers lead, chase, and high-pole ’09 Investments in Sandy, Utah. tional relations, 2014. porate attorney at Dechert LLP Honored services for oversized trans- ADELINE ZENSIUS LAMBERT Snider is responsible for manag- in Pennsylvania, served under portation across the United recently transitioned from ing projects within the indus- BROOKE ZOLLINGER MURPHY Utah governor Jon Huntsman Alumni States. Rose received a TESOL working in product develop- try and negotiating strategic is a researcher for The Church as a member of the Utah Land certificate from the International ment and data analytics at relationships with partners such of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Use and Eminent Domain TESOL College in 2006. BA: FRDM to overseeing product as TD Ameritrade and Charles Saints and previously served Advisory Board, served on the Latin American studies, 2002. operations at Gusto. Lambert Schwab. Before his exposure to as an office manager for HELP Utah Commission on Civic previously served as a child- the financial services industry, International in Provo, Utah. and Character Education, and labor program officer for the Snider performed threat analysis Murphy received an MPA from worked as a real estate com- International Labor Rights as an intelligence analyst in BYU in 2017. BA: international missioner. After receiving a BA Forum, implementing advocacy the military. BA: international relations, 2014. in international relations, Perry ’04 plans and conducting labor relations, 2013. graduated cum laude with a MATT KREBS has been executive rights research. She received JD from BYU. As busy as he is, director of the Japan Society an MPP from Georgetown CHRISTIAN S. MAYNES recently Perry has not forgotten his alma of Boston since 2016. Krebs University. BA: international transitioned from his associate mater and works as an adjunct What’s an AMA? previously served as research relations, 2009. position at Gemini Investors in ’15 faculty member for the Kennedy This year we hosted more than 40 Ask Me Anything analyst in the communications Massachusetts to acting man- HANNAH F. BARTON has been a Center teaching a course on events with alumni mentors. The format allows technology sector at KelCor. ager of assessment management compliance analyst for Goldman the United Nations. He and his for a short overview followed by nonstop student He received an MA from the and real estate development at Sachs in Salt Lake City since wife, Kacey, are the parents of questions about family life, career strategies, Patterson School of Diplomacy ICO Capital in Salt Lake City. 2016. Barton previously worked four children. life experiences, and more on business law, and International Commerce in BA: Arabic/Middle East studies, as an intern for the National development, national security, diplomacy, 2005 and is currently complet- 2013. Consortium for the Study of Watch Perry’s lecture online at and education paths. ing his PhD at the University Terrorism and Responses to kennedy.byu.edu/events/trumps- of Kentucky. BA: international Terrorism. BA: international trade-wars. studies, 2004. relations, 2015.

38 BRIDGES BRIDGES 39 NEW KENNEDY RESEARCH AND TRAVEL GRANTS 2018 Since its founding, the Kennedy Center has awarded grants to fac- including field study, surveys, archival research, and presentations From the ulty who demonstrate internationally focused research. Through at global conferences. Take a look at the latest grant awardees these grants, faculty are supported in their high-quality research, across campus.

RESEARCH GRANTS DANCE Research Program TRAVEL GRANTS EDUCATIONAL Brenden Rensink Kennedy ANTHROPOLOGY Marin Roper (LMRP): Explaining ART LEADERSHIP AND Paris, France, Jacob Hickman Body Knows, Spirit Ethnic Cooperation Daniel T. Barney FOUNDATIONS Vienna, Austria, and Millenarianism Dances: Somatic and Conflict in the Santiago, Chile Macleans A. Budapest, Hungary as Moral World- Approaches in United Kingdom Geo-Jaja Building: A Cross-Cultural ASIAN AND Osaka, Japan— POLITICAL SCIENCE Center Comparative Choreographic Joel Selway NEAR EASTERN Venue: Osaka Daniel L. Nielson Analysis of Religious Collaborations Whither LANGUAGES International Brisbane, Australia 2018 PHOTO COMPETITION Action in Three Britishness? Juno Baik Convention Center Each year the Kennedy Center Movements HISTORY The Salience of Seoul, Korea PSYCHOLOGY Photo Contest invites submis- Diana Duan National Identity in Stephen Moody Pamela R. Hallem Niwako Yamawaki sions of compelling photo- ASIAN AND Interviews, Library Scotland and Wales Auckland, New Cifford School, Singapore graphs from BYU students who NEAR EASTERN and Archival in the Post-Brexit Zealand Basis International participated in International LANGUAGES Research for My Environment School, and RFD SCHOOL OF FAMILY Study Programs during the past Steve Riep Book Shaping the CHURCH HISTORY International LIFE academic year. Photos should Modernism and Yunnan Borderlands PSYCHOLOGY AND DOCTRINE School, Guangzhou, Lee Johnson capture the cultural essence of a Nationalism in into China’s Ethnic Niwako Yamawaki Michael MacKay China Hangzhou, China In the News global academic experience. This Literature from Frontier in the The Mediating Queen’s University, year, for the nineteenth annual Taiwan Nineteenth and Effects of Resilience Belfast, UK ENGLISH SCHOOL OF MUSIC photo contest, 646 submissions Twentieth Centuries and Morale on Dawan Coombs April Clayton were received from 226 students. CHURCH HISTORY the Relationship COMPARATIVE ARTS Braga, Portugal Granada, Spain Here are the winners: AND DOCTRINE LIFE SCIENCES Between Physical AND LETTERS Best in Show: John Thomas, Fred Woods Richard Gill Activity and Julie Allen Edward Cutler Geralyn Giovannetti Man and Nature The Look of Bridging Indigenous Physiological and Varanasi, India Rome, Italy Granada, Spain Runner Up: Audra Colson, Mormon: The and Western Psychological Well- Keyhole John Thomas, Best in Show | Photography, Art, and Mountains, Spring 2018, Mormon Image in Knowledge to Being for Matthew Ancell Emron Esplin Eric Hansen Runner Up: Jessica Hudson, Man and Nature the British Mind Prepare for Climate Community- University of Kyoto, Japan Katowice, Poland Gyeongbokgung Palace Change in Samoa Dwelling Older Chicago Center in Runner Up: Delaney Loosle, awards for new photography comprehensive set of notes for Roger P. Minert Adults in Japan Hong Kong Matthew Wickman Jaren Hinckley The Real Santa that emphasizes students learn- each chapter is located at the 1. Residential MECHANICAL York, UK Granada, Spain Jessica Hudson, Runner Up | Korea Thanks to the Sorensen ing abroad and illustrates the end of the book. Wayment has Registration in ENGINEERING PUBLIC HEALTH Stephen Bay Field School, Spring/Summer 2018, Legacy Foundation, we continue Global Opportunity Initiative. published extensively on the Germany 2. A Mark Colton Steven M. Thygerson Athens, Greece GEOGRAPHY Laurence Lowe Gyeongbokgung Palace to provide additional student Winners include Aislynn New Testament. He completed a Tetralogy of Articles Modern Analysis of Expanding Brick Samuel M. Granada, Spain Edwards, Delaney Loosle, Kailee PhD in New Testament studies at on Genealogical Ancient Mechanical Kiln Worker Francesca Lawson Otterstrom Matsumura, DeeDee Smith, and Claremont Graduate University Research in Austria Engineering Protection Thessaloniki, Warsaw, Poland Christian Smith John Thomas. and previously served as publica- Examples: Case Greece Granada, Spain tions director of BYU Religious COUNSELING Studies for SPANISH AND HEALTH SCIENCE NOTABLE FACULTY Studies Center. PSYCH AND Students and PORTUGUESE Cecilia Peek Steven Thygerson SPANISH AND ACHIEVEMENTS Andrew L. Johns is an asso- SPECIAL Educators Gregory Thompson Athens, Greece Dublin, Ireland PORTUGUESE Faculty affiliates from depart- ciate professor of history and EDUCATION Discipline, Gregory Stallings ments across campus con- is affiliated with international Blake Hansen MUSIC Positioning, Allen J. Christenson HISTORY Barcelona, Spain tribute to their academic and relations at BYU. Johns is the Dissemination of Luke Howard and Student Salamanca, Spain Diana Duan research agendas and support author of Vietnam’s Second Evidence Based Handel’s “Messiah” Engagement in Vienna, Austria, and TEACHER International and Area Studies Front: Domestic Politics, the Practice in Social in the 19th Century South Korean Christopher Budapest, Hungary EDUCATION courses and programs. Republican Party, and the War Networks: Effects Elementary Schools Oscarson Melissa Newberry Thomas A. Wayment, a profes- (2010) and the editor or coeditor of Behavioral Parent Stephen Jones University of Eric Dursteler East Sussex, UK sor of classics who is affiliated of four books, including, most Training in Bosnia- The Story of Wartzburg, Germany Crete, Greece, and with Ancient Near Eastern stud- recently, The Cold War at Home Herzegovina the Class of ’78 Croatia THEATRE AND ies at BYU, has published The and Abroad: Domestic Politics and the Rise of ECONOMICS MEDIA ARTS New Testament: A Translation and U.S. Foreign Policy Since Ryan Kellems Contemporary Olga Stoddard Leslie Hadfield Adam Houghton Delaney Loosle, Runner Up | Audra Colson, Runner Up | for Latter-day Saints, in which 1945 (2018). He is currently SPED PD: Exploring Music in Modern Antigua, Guatemala Birmingham, UK Prague, Czech Photography, Art, and Mountains, Photography, Art, and Mountains, he claims to have restored the the Professional China Republic Spring 2018, The Real Santa Spring 2018, Keyhole original New Testament struc- continued on page 42 Development Needs John E. Stovall Evan R. Ward ture and highlighted quotations, of Special Education POLITICAL SCIENCE Seoul, Korea Accra, Ghana hymns, and poetic passages. A Teachers in the Joshua Gubler Marshall Islands London Mentored

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TOP INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS SCHOLARSHIP RECIPIENTS The following seventy-four students were awarded a variety of scholarships in 2018. “Faculty are helping us find many Recipients receive these scholarships for academic study abroad, sometimes with a BYU students who wouldn’t be able particular focus on certain geographic areas and languages of study. These awards offer students exposure to cultures, languages, and life-changing experiences and are funded to afford to study abroad—but there by different parts of the U.S. government in an effort to develop expertise and deepen are many more who still need help.” international and cross-cultural experience. —James Mayo

FLAS, Summer 2018 Latin America FLAS, Critical Language Chinese Summer 2018 Scholarship, Summer 2018 NEW APPROACH TO STUDY Bronson Taylor Brazilian Portuguese Indonesian ABROAD FOR EVERYONE Indonesian Shelby Abbott Adam Strathearn The Kennedy Center has Erin Solomon Nathan Anderson restructured its evaluation and Japanese Megan Brown Fulbright His research in Canada and in approval process for London, Anna Nielsen Marcelo Leme Brazil the U.S.—totaling over four Vienna, Paris, Rome, and Russian Cristina Newell Shelby Abbot thousand fathers surveyed—has Madrid programs by implement- Andrew Pulsipher Dalila Sanabria Russia found that while both American ing the new Study Abroad GE Michelle Vance Quechua Alexander White and Canadian fathers are (SAGE) committee. Associate Tagalog Barrett Hamp involved in parenting, Canadian Deans Spencer Magleby and Canyen Heimuli Gilman Scholarship, continued from page 40 dads clearly take the lead. Shafer Patti Freeman currently chair the Urdu Latin America FLAS, Summer 2018 warned that culture still poses committee, composed of faculty Jacob Dunn 2018–19 Ghana working on book manuscripts a challenge. “Everything in representing various departments Vietnamese Brazilian Portuguese Angela Nickerl about Hubert Humphrey and the U.S. sends a message that at BYU. In this new process, a Mitchell Rands Kyran Brown Rwanda the Vietnam War; a political dads are secondary parents,” he professor puts together his or Megan Brown Cody Ritz biography of Senator John said. Through his research and her proposal for a study abroad Asia FLAS, 2018–19 Calla Chamberlain South Korea Sherman Cooper (R-KY); and position as director of Canadian and submits the proposal to the Chinese Laurel Dickerson Gregg Marchant a global history of 1972. In studies at BYU, Shafer hopes to SAGE committee; the commit- Scholarship booth at the 2018 New Student Orientation Joseph Andersen Rachel Eaton Vanuatu addition, Johns serves as editor change these stigmas, helping tee then assesses the program’s Kori Ball George Garcia Teagan Mulford of Passport: The Society for men look at fatherhood as “an learning outcomes, the tie to GE Kayla Gough Matthew Harris Historians of American Foreign important and unique aspect of curriculum, and overall aca- New Scholarship Endowments Emily Ostler Kate Hartmann Gilman Scholarship, Relations Review (since 2011); their lives.” demic quality. “We [SAGE] want Sarah Quan Bethany Kunzler Fall 2018 as general editor of the Studies in to make sure these programs are How can more BYU students across all colleges increase global Peter Rosen Madalyn Lyman Jordan Conflict, Diplomacy, and Peace A NEW JOURNAL AT BYU as high-quality as they can be,” awareness and competency? Since 2015, the Kennedy Center Nathan Steele Cristina Newell Ammon Burdge book series (since 2011); as a The journal Global Governance: said Renata Forste, Kennedy has focused on expanding direct support for students through Indonesian Max Olivier Micah Wood member of the governing council A Review of Multilateralism Center director. “We want more the Global Opportunity Initiative, resulting in more than $1.2M Natalie Barkdull Scott Raines Jordan and Israel of the Society for Historians and International Organizations than a tourist experience. We raised. The project was launched with initial funding from just Colton Getter Dalila Sanabria Asia Gillette of American Foreign Relations relocated to BYU in mid-2018, want students to gain skills and a few key individuals, including critical support from Nuno Cebuano Theresa Saunders Abraham Hendryx (2019–21); and as a member where it will stay for five years. experiences only found out- Battaglia and the Sorensen Legacy Foundation. Initially, funds Jennifer Brereton Tyler Wilson Jakob Wallentine of the governing council of the Global Governance is a leading side the classroom.” According were allocated directly to student scholarships for experien- Jacelyn Dorman Julieta Zapata Pacific Coast Branch of the academic journal for scholars to Forste, departments now tial learning through internships and study abroad, but now Korean Haitian Creole Boren Scholarship, American Historical Association and practitioners, showcasing have more control over study endowed scholarships are being created to support these Rachel Casper Stevin Augustin 2018–19 (2019–22). expertise on transnational issues. abroad within their expertise, efforts long-term. Robert Cowles Dhina Clement Arabic Recently, a National Post arti- These issues include peace and while simultaneously granting Rachel Uhl Nathaniel Robinson Jared Lovelace cle about fatherhood included security, development, human the SAGE committee valuable Here’s how it works: Supporters create scholarships that are Hindi K’iche’ research by and comments rights, the environment, and oversight. The SAGE committee used to help financially supplement more than seventy stu- Jacob Dunn Caleb Chudleigh Global Opportunity from Kevin Shafer, an associ- health, presented through is currently accepting proposals dents per year from across campus. These Global Opportunity Bela Gandhi Roman Orr Scholarship 2018 ate professor of sociology and groundbreaking research, opin- from faculty for 2020 programs. awards work closely with the individual International Study Thai Quechua This award is funded by director of Canadian studies at ion pieces, and book reviews. Programs faculty directors to help students based on financial Christian Hartman Barrett Hamp Kennedy Center supporters BYU. Shafer’s research at BYU Global Governance ranks at need. Last year was the first year we failed to fulfill the needs Joshua Keller and helps students with addresses fatherhood, men’s forty among journals in the of qualified students. Contact Cory Leonard (801-422-2980 or Christopher Taylor demonstrated financial mental health, and child well- social sciences. Kendall Stiles, [email protected]) to find out how you can support this Russian need study and intern being in both the U.S. and a professor of political science unique initiative. Hunter Hill abroad. Canada. In the article, he shared who is affiliated with interna- Sarah Matthews factors influencing fathers’ tional relations at BYU, is one of Thanks to our founding Global Opportunity endowment donors: Jacob Stebbing Spring 2018: 38 students interactions with their chil- the journal’s editors in chief. The Christina Weist Summer 2018: 24 students dren and how societies have journal is published in associa- Burch Family Foundation Tagalog Fall 2018: 6 students viewed fatherhood across time. tion with the Academic Council Ron and Lori Lakey Garrett May on the United Nations System. Kevin and Mimi Sawyer Brent and Jana Koch Robert and Louisa O’Brien Dick and Louise Toolson

42 BRIDGES BRIDGES 43 news

to do. I can be whoever I want to be and, Participating in the internship took him home and more importantly, whoever I feel that God helped him more fully value his education. Hiking in has created me to be.” the Forest By Kailee —Maddy Thompson “The Malawi internship gave me the opportunity to Matsumura on the go back home and share with them what I had learned ISP Program: BYU WALTER MOYO here in the United States. After my internship was over, Nursing Czech Major: Public health I passed through Zimbabwe and visited family I had Study Abroad Minor: International development and not seen in fifteen years. While there, I was reminded ballroom dance of how much my Heavenly Father loves me and, above Hometown: Bulawayo, Zimbabwe all, trusted me enough to send me to the States so that Fun Fact: Convert to the Church I could one day return and be an instrument in build- Program: Malawi International Development ing a better Zimbabwe. None of this would have been Internship possible without the Global Opportunity Scholarship.” —Walter Moyo When Walter Moyo was five years old, Walter Moyo his mother moved to the United States for MAKAYLA BEZZANT work. Moyo remained in Zimbabwe until Major: Ancient Near Eastern Studies the age of ten. When he joined his mother Hometown: Austin, Texas Student in the U.S., Moyo did not speak English. Fun Fact: Oldest of five children He later converted to The Church of Jesus Program: Huqoq Archaeological Field School Spotlights Christ of Latter-day Saints, served a mission to Georgia, and then attended BYU. As a As the oldest of five children, Makayla Bezzant was con- Why do most BYU students BYU student, he applied for the Malawi stantly looking for scholarships, Pell Grants, and other never intern or study abroad? International Development Internship resources to aid with financial obligations as a student at Cost is a big issue. In 2018, we and, through the help of generous donors, BYU. A study abroad was not really an option. Bezzant awarded seventy-two students received a Global Opportunity Scholarship. has always had a love for ancient history, which led from across campus a Global Opportunity Scholarship—a unique, needs-based award “of JUAN CAMARGO Aims of a BYU Education to become an active partici- last resort” that helps them with Major: Economics pant in solving family, professional, religious, and social the funds they cannot obtain Minor: Management and international problems everywhere in the world.” elsewhere. For the first time development —Juan Camargo since the scholarship’s creation Hometown: Bucaramanga, Colombia in 2015, last year more than Fun Fact: Transfer student from BYU–Idaho MADDY THOMPSON half of qualified students were Program: Global Finance Investment Major: Communications not awarded a scholarship due Internship Minor: Advertising Design to lack of funds. Read about six Hometown: Salt Lake City, Utah of the lucky students who did Juan Camargo had a difficult childhood. His Fun Fact: Recently returned missionary receive a scholarship. father passed away when he was young, and Program: International Advertising and Awards his mother had to leave the country when Show Study Abroad he was fourteen to find work. Originally a student at BYU–Idaho, Camargo transferred As a recently returned missionary and part-time nanny, to BYU in 2017. He was determined to Maddy Thompson didn’t feel it would ever be possible participate in the Global Finance Investment to participate in the International Advertising and Award Internship, so he applied for and received Shows Study Abroad due to the cost and how selective a Global Opportunity Scholarship. During the program was. At the last minute, someone dropped his internship, he visited eight countries, met out of the program, and Thompson’s professor nomi- with twenty-five companies’ stakeholders nated her to go. She was awarded a Global Opportunity and CFOs, and benefited from eighty-five Scholarship and visited seven countries, worked with hours of mentoring and learning. His biggest real-world clients such as Spotify and Beats by Dre, Juan Camargo takeaway from the international experience and attended the Cannes Lions International Festival of was to see how each person can become an Creativity—an opportunity few professionals ever have. active participant in solving social problems. Her biggest takeaway from the program was that she felt He now works at the Ballard Center for empowered to make it in the creative industry. Economic Self-Reliance. “There was one agency visit in particular that was truly “While overseeing the majestic London City unforgettable. We met with the leaders of Pretty Bird, from the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, I a production company based out of London, England. truly sensed a feeling of urgency to fulfill the The company had a female CEO and is run primarily by women. That visit changed my life. I walked out and I The Lights of Reykjavík realized something incredible: I can do whatever I want By Elizabeth Griffiths on the Northern Ireland Field School

44 BRIDGES BRIDGES 45 news

her to major in Ancient Near Eastern Studies. In 2018, she was selected as part of a team to travel to Israel to assist with the Huqoq Archaeological Field School dig as a student archaeologist. She was excited to excavate the ancient village and synagogue, which hadn’t been seen for more than 1,500 years. Thanks to the Global 1246: Opportunity Scholarship, her dream became a reality, The Fountain and both her testimony and education were enriched. That Speaks By Davis “Looking out [over the Sea of Galilee], I could feel that Makayla Bezzant Lundberg on the this was a place where Jesus lived. I felt so at home and Siena Italy peaceful there. My testimony that my Savior lived and Study Abroad. lives still became so much stronger. I am forever grateful I could go and have an experience such as this. I know there are not many people who get to live out their dreams while gaining academic experience simultaneously, and I consider myself extremely blessed. I could not have gotten there without the help I received, and I cannot express my gratitude enough.” —Makayla Bezzant Ancient Mystery By Rachel Beath on the London Study Abroad SAHALIE DONALDSON Major: Communications Hometown: Orem, Utah Fun Fact: Worked four jobs to save money Program: London Communications Internship

As the Daily Universe metro editor, Sahalie Donaldson has a goal to become a political journalist. An international internship was very important to Donaldson Sahalie in reaching that goal. She wanted to participate in the Donaldson

London Communications Internship, so she BRENT ZITZMAN worked at the Boys and Girls Club, took Major: European Studies out a loan, received a Communications Hometown: Norton, Ohio Department scholarship, donated plasma, Fun Fact: Nontraditional Student worked as a wedding hostess, took report- Program: Europe Business Study Abroad ing jobs, and taught after school to earn her way. Through the Global Opportunity As a thirty-one-year-old married student with two Scholarship, Donaldson interned at the children, Brent Zitzman is what BYU terms a “nontra- Mandy Network in London and published ditional student.” Zitzman started his education in his multiple articles on their news site. She twenties but got sidetracked and began working full-time Brent Zitzman also made helpful contacts, including her to provide for his family. Feeling that something was mentor—a journalist with connections at the missing, he took the plunge and went back to school. New York Times. Zitzman had developed a deep love for Europe on his mission for the Church to Rome, Italy, so when he heard “I got to do what I love to do—write and about the Europe Business Study Abroad, he wanted create content that hopefully resonated to go. Thanks to the Global Opportunity Scholarship, with others. I got to do this surrounded by he participated in the program. Being older than most What Lies Ahead intelligent people from all over the world. of the students in the group, he mentored them as the By Jacque They coached me. Every day I got to see my “grandpa.” And he gained direction for his future. Camacho in material published and sent out to thousands Iceland on the of subscribers. I learned and succeeded and “When I was notified that I would be receiving the Photography, failed and learned again. I got to live out a Global Opportunity Scholarship, it felt like a miracle. Art, and dream because of [the Global Opportunity It truly made me feel that I was supposed to take this Mountains Study Scholarship].” opportunity, and it has turned out to be a life-changing Abroad —Sahalie Donaldson experience. Throughout the process I came to realize that I was not satisfied with the opportunities that would be available to me through receiving a bachelor’s degree. I will be taking the GMAT in the next month and hope to be attending an MBA program next fall.” —Brent Zitzman

46 BRIDGES BRIDGES 47 This year we found qualified BYU students give an who were unable to afford study abroad. If 1,000 alumni gave just $10 a month, we could change everything for twenty students per year to go abroad. opportunity Be part of our growing Global Opportunity Scholarship Initiative to help BYU students get out of Provo and truly make the world their campus.

Let Georg Charbadze, an international student from the Republic of Georgia, and Marie Kulbeth, a Kennedy Center alumna who went abroad, show how easy it can be.

see the video at vimeo.com/kennedycenter

kennedy.byu.edu/donate Brigham Young University David M. Kennedy Center for International Studies 237 hrcb Provo, ut 84602

Address Service Requested

“If well-behaved women seldom make history, it is not only because gender norms have constrained the range of female activity but because history hasn’t been very good at capturing the lives of those whose contributions have been local and domestic. For centuries, women have sustained local communities, raising food, caring for the sick, and picking up the pieces after wars.”

—Laurel Thatcher Ulrich 09-19 | 19-187 | 2M | AJR