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Invasive Plants Established in the United States That Lepidium latifolium Broadleaved pepper weed Introduction There are 180 members of the genus Lepidium worldwide. Sixteen species are reported from China [218]. Taxonomy Order: Papaverales Suborder: Capparineae Family: Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Species of Lepidium in China Tribe: Lepidieae DC. Scientific Name Scientific Name Genus: Lepidium L. Section: Lepidium L. alashanicum S. L. Yang L. ferganense Korsh. Species: Lepidium latifolium L. L. apetalum Willd. L. lacerum C. A. Meyer L. campestre (L.) R. Br.* L. latifolium L. Description L. capitatum Hook. f. et Thoms. L. obtusum Basin. Lepidium latifolium is an herbaceous perennial about 30-150 cm in length. L. cartilagineum (J. May.) Thell. L. perfoliatum L. The erect stems are glabrous or L. cordatum Willd. ex Stev. L. ruderale L. sparsely pubescent, branched in the L. cuneiforme C. Y. Wu L. sativum L. upper part, and woody at the base. The basal leaves and the leaves in the L. densiflorum Schrad. L. virginicum L. lower part of the stems are leathery, * Recorded as L. campestre (L.) R. Br. f. glabratum (Lej. et Court.) Thell. in FRPS. oblong-lanceolate, or ovate, 3-6 cm long and 3-5 cm wide, abruptly acute or pubescent, and wingless. Seeds are Distribution light brown, broadly elliptic, about 1 L. latifolium occurs in Gansu, Hebei, or obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the [61, 218] base, and entire or dentate margins. The mm long, and also wingless . Heilongjiang, Henan, Inner Mongolia, petiole is about 1-3 cm in length. The Liaoning, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Habitat Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, sessile upper leaves are lanceolate or [218] oblong-elliptic, 2-5 cm long and 5-15 L. latifolium occurs in field margins and Xinjiang provinces . cm wide. The paniculate raceme has and saline meadows, along roadsides, glabrescent sepals, which are ovoid and on slopes, at elevations of 100- Economic Importance 4300 m[218]. L. latifolium can also L.latifolium is used medicinally in oblong, or nearly orbicular, about 1 [218] mm in height, with a rounded apex. be found in crop field margins, northwestern China . Petals are white, obovate, about 2 along roadsides and arid, sandy mm long, with a rounded apex. The places at elevations of 600-1200 Related Species flowers appear from May to July. m in Xinjiang[21, 218]. L. obtusum Basin is distinguished In July through September, oblong- from L. latifolium by its obtuse apex, elliptic fruits appear. Fruits are 1.5-3 mm long, glabrous, nearly glabrous, Invasive Plants Established in the United States that are Found in Asia and Their Associated Natural Enemies – Volume 2 — 15 basally cordate fruits, and raceme Tibet, and Xinjiang provinces[61, associated with members of the genus inflorescence. It occurs in pastures, 218]. Lepidium. Nineteen arthropods are field margins, waste places, and deserts listed in association with members at elevations of 400–2800 m in Gansu, Natural Enemies of Lepidium of the genus Lepidium. Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Seven fungi have been recorded as Fungi Phylum Family Species H. R. Ref. Erysiphe betae (Vaňha) Weltzien po [26]* Ascomycota Erysiphaceae p [24] Erysiphe cruciferarum Opiz ex L. Junell n/a [182] Albugo candida (Pers.) Kuntze po [202] Albuginaceae Albugo lepidii A.N.S. Rao po [202] Oomycota Peronospora lepidii-virginici Gäum. mo [26] Peronosporaceae po [202] Peronospora parasitica (Pers.) de Bary po [26] Anamorphic Guignardia Phyllosticta lepidii Brunaud n/a [182] * Recorded as Erysiphe polygoni DC. Arthropods Order Family Species H. R. Ref. Acariformes Tetranychidae Tetranychus urticae (Koch) p [168] Phyllotreta turcmenica Weise po [91] Chrysomelidae Coleoptera Phyllotreta vittula (Redtenbacher) po [91] Curculionidae Sympiezomias velatus (Chevrolat) po [191] Lygaeidae NySius ericae (Schilling) po [124] Miridae Adelphocoris lineolatus (Goeze) p [217] Hemiptera Eurydema maracandicum Oschanin p [217]I Pentatomidae Eurydema ventrale Kolenati p [208] Eurydema wilkinsi Distant p [207] Homoptera Aphididae Aphis gossypii Glover po [5] po [119] Crambidae Loxostege sticticalis L. p [33] p [131] Agrotis crassa (Hübner) p [130]II Noctuidae Discestra trifolii (Hüfnagel) po [200]III Lepidoptera Leucania zeae (Duponchel) po [10] Mamestra brassicae (L.) p [140] Pieris rapae (L.) po [198] Pieridae Pieris canidia minima Verity po [102] Plutellidae Plutella xylostella L. po [112] po [149] Thysanoptera Thripidae Thrips tabaci Lindemann po [66] I Recorded as Eurydema festiva chlorotica Horváth II Recorded as Euxoa conspicua Hübner III Recorded as Scotogramma trifolii (Rottenberg) 16 — Invasive Plants Established in the United States that are Found in Asia and Their Associated Natural Enemies – Volume 2.
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