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La Universidad De Puerto Rico a Raíz De La Guerra Civil Española

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La Universidad De Puerto Rico a Raíz De La Guerra Civil Española TESIS DOCTORAL 2015 UNA UNIVERSIDAD POSIBLE EN TIEMPOS DE JAIME BENÍTEZ (1942-1972). LOS INTELECTUALES ESPAÑOLES ACOGIDOS EN LA UNIVERSIDAD DE PUERTO RICO A RAÍZ DE LA GUERRA CIVIL ESPAÑOLA EMILIO F. RUIZ SASTRE LICENCIADO EN FILOSOFÍA Y LETRAS DEPARTAMENTO DE HISTORIA CONTEMPORÁNEA FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA DIRECTORA: DRA. DÑA. ALICIA ALTED VIGIL DEPARTAMENTO DE HISTORIA CONTEMPORÁNEA FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFIA E HISTORIA UNA UNIVERSIDAD POSIBLE EN TIEMPOS DE JAIME BENÍTEZ (1942-1972). LOS INTELECTUALES ESPAÑOLES ACOGIDOS EN LA UNIVERSIDAD DE PUERTO RICO A RAÍZ DE LA GUERRA CIVIL ESPAÑOLA EMILIO FELIPE RUIZ SASTRE LICENCIADO EN FILOSOFÍA Y LETRAS DIRECTORA: DRA. DÑA. ALICIA ALTED VIGIL AGRADECIMIENTOS Cuando se dice gracias se quiere decir muchas cosas, lo solía repetir Benítez a menudo y tenía razón. Agradecer es reconocer la bondad, la lealtad, y la amistad. Es querer estimar lo inestimable. En esta hora, me enfrento con la congoja de recordar a las personas fallecidas. Las primeras y mayores. Gracias a Julián Marías, a Luz Martínez y a Jaime Benítez, gracias. Qué suerte la mía, haber podido compartir parte de mi vida con vosotros sin una sombra ni un descontento. Gracias a Emilio Ruiz, mi padre, por su autenticidad, y por su ejemplo. Gracias a Rina Medina Rivera, mi mujer, mis ojos puertorriqueños y madre de Felipe y de Clara, nuestros hijos. Los tres sobrellevaron con alegría mis ausencias. Gracias a todos los que facilitaron este proyecto sin que les trajera cuenta y me hicieron más llevadera la encomienda. Alberto Feliciano Nieves, que estuvo al frente de la Oficina de Recursos Humanos de la Universidad de Puerto Rico y luego del Decanato de Administración. Ángel Rosa Rodríguez, que fue Ayudante Ejecutivo de la Rectoría del Recinto de Río Piedras de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, y en la actualidad senador del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico. Edgardo Rodríguez, que fue ingeniero del Recinto de Río Piedras. Lillian Irizarry Martínez, administradora de documentos, colaboradora eficaz y en la actualidad encargada del Archivo Central de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. Gracias a todos los que colaboraron conmigo en el Archivo Jaime Benítez, están nombrados en estas páginas. Gracias a Margarita Benítez Martínez, por su generosidad, su herencia no ha sido a beneficio de inventario. Gracias a Edna Margarita Benítez Laborde, nieta atenta y desprendida. Gracias a José Víctor Arroyo Martín, encargado del Archivo Histórico del Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, sin cuya ayuda no existiría el Archivo Digital, base de actuaciones futuras. Gracias a Fernando del Ser Pérez por su amistad y lealtad. Gracias a Helio Carpintero Capell, que me indicó el camino a seguir para tratar de vencer a 27301 documentos. Gracias a Alicia Alted Vigil, por su rigor en la investigación, y por su trato paciente y amable durante la tutela del doctorado. En fin, gracias a todos los que han colaborado en cualquiera de los procesos de la tesis. 3 ÍNDICE Agradecimientos.................................................................................................................. 3 Abreviaturas ........................................................................................................................ 6 Introducción ........................................................................................................................ 7 Elección e interés del tema.................................................................................................. 10 Justificación del título ................................................................................................. 14 Estado de la cuestión bibliográfico ............................................................................. 15 Objetivos e hipótesis del trabajo ................................................................................. 17 Metodología y organización del trabajo...................................................................... 18 Capítulo I: Jaime Benítez (1908-1930): Los años de aprendizaje ...................................... 20 La vida universitaria en Puerto Rico (1925-1930)...................................................... 22 Jaime Benítez y la Universidad de Puerto Rico (1931-1942) ..................................... 25 El gobierno y la sociedad de Puerto Rico ante la guerra civil española de 1936-39... 40 Capítulo II: La acogida a los españoles en Puerto Rico...................................................... 60 Los primeros en llegar................................................................................................. 64 La vida en Puerto Rico ............................................................................................... 72 La presencia de María Zambrano Alarcón.................................................................. 78 Capítulo III: La Reforma Universitaria de 1942 ................................................................. 111 Jaime Benítez. Rector (1942-1945)............................................................................. 114 Fernando de los Ríos Urruti ........................................................................................ 124 Pedro Salinas Serrano.................................................................................................. 137 Capítulo IV: Jaime Benítez. Rector (1945-1949): La expansión de la Universidad........... 157 Profesores españoles del exilio republicano en la UPR (1945-1949) ......................... 161 Encuentro con José Ortega y Gasset ........................................................................... 218 Capítulo V: Jaime Benítez. Rector (1950-1956): La Universidad de la «inmensa mino- ría»............................................................................................................................... 222 Juan Ramón Jiménez y Zenobia Camprubí................................................................. 226 Francisco Ayala García-Duarte................................................................................... 234 Ricardo Gullón Fernández .......................................................................................... 253 Antonio Rodríguez Huéscar........................................................................................ 261 4 Capítulo VI: El Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico...................................................... 268 La Guerra Hispanoamericana de 1898........................................................................ 273 El movimiento obrero en Puerto Rico. La figura de Santiago Iglesias Pantín ........... 281 Estados Unidos e Hispanoamérica en 1898 ................................................................ 283 Del Tratado de París a la Ley Foraker......................................................................... 288 El periodo demócrata. El Acta Jones .......................................................................... 293 El periodo republicano. El Proyecto Campbell........................................................... 295 Pedro Albizu Campos y el nacionalismo .................................................................... 299 La figura de Luis Muñoz Marín .................................................................................. 300 El Estado Libre Asociado: Una fórmula política puertorriqueña................................ 304 Capítulo VII: Jaime Benítez. Rector (1956-1963) .............................................................. 319 La presencia de Julián Marías .................................................................................... 320 Pablo Casals Defilló y el Festival Casals.................................................................... 348 Capítulo VIII: Tres artistas y dos historiadores del Arte en la Universidad de Puerto Rico ............................................................................................................................. 356 Cristóbal Ruiz Pulido ................................................................................................. 356 José Vela Zanetti ........................................................................................................ 364 Eugenio Fernández Granell......................................................................................... 369 Sebastián González García ......................................................................................... 385 Juan Antonio Gaya Nuño ............................................................................................ 395 Capítulo IX: El final de una época. Jaime Benítez (Rector 1963-1966) ............................ 401 Rafael Lapesa Melgar.................................................................................................. 405 Alonso Zamora Vicente .............................................................................................. 406 José Luis Abellán García-González ............................................................................ 406 José Gaos González-Pola ............................................................................................ 409 Jorge Guillén Álvarez.................................................................................................. 419 Joaquín Rodrigo Vidre ................................................................................................ 423 Enrique Tierno Galván................................................................................................ 425 José Luis López Aranguren........................................................................................
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