1 AN IN DEPTH STUDY OF AN ESCAPE FROM INDIA by Rabbi Dr. Chaim Simons Kiryat Arba, Israel [email protected] 2012 © Copyright. Chaim Simons. 2012 2 3 NOTE TO THE READER Needless to say, this book should not be taken as an endorsement for drug smuggling. It is a very serious crime. However, there have been a number of cases where highly respected people with good hearts, were asked to take a suit case to another country, which they were told contained, for example, clothes, but completely unknown to the carriers, drugs had been secreted in the suit case. This has often resulted in these innocent carriers finding themselves in jail and then being put on trial, often after several years of incarceration. Should, however, after a fair trial, a person be found guilty of knowingly smuggling drugs, that person should, unquestionably be punished accordingly. 4 5 Ronen Dvash, then a young Israeli in his early 30s, married and one young daughter, was arrested at Mumbai airport in June 2004, on suspicion of trying to smuggle drugs into India. Whether in fact this was the case, or he was just an innocent person carrying for someone as a favour a suitcase whose contents he was unaware of, is outside the scope of this book. What is relevant is that a person suspected of committing any crime is entitled as a basic human right to a speedy trial. Periodically, during the course of Ronen’s incarceration, he was taken to the courthouse, but instead of the judge arranging for a trial, he was repeatedly remanded. It is reported that instead of the judge listening to the details of his case, the judge kept dozing off! Meanwhile he was kept in the Mumbai Arthur Road Jail under the most inhumane and life threatening conditions, which were in complete violation of even a convicted prisoner’s most basic rights. In this jail there was a gross overcrowding; the food contained ants and stones; both the sanitary conditions and medical treatment could well be described as nonexistent, so much so, that prisoners regularly contracted life threatening diseases from which some died. All these above mentioned facts will be substantiated in the course of this book. It was in this jail, that Ronen contracted malaria and his life was in serious danger. His only salvation was to escape. This fact was also realised by highly respected Rabbis and Organisations who would try and assist him to achieve this objective. According to Ronen’s book “Escape from India” and his subsequent lectures, these included Rabbi Yitzchak Grossman of Migdal Haemek, the Rishon Lezion and former Chief Rabbi Ovadiah Yosef, and the Chabad and Habayit Hayehudi Organisations. A positive result of Ronen’s incarceration was that he went into jail as a “secular” Jew and came out as a Jew who despite the horrendous prison conditions observed as many mitzvot (Jewish religious precepts) as he could. The purposes of this book are: 1. To use the text of the book “Escape from India” in order to reconstruct details of Ronen’s escape journey from the JJ hospital in Mumbai (Bombay) until Ben Gurion Airport in Israel. To accomplish this aim, maps and various timetables and other information were utilised. The book often gave very sketchy details of Ronen’s escape route and it was therefore not always possible to reconstruct the precise route, and sometimes some guesses had to be made or several alternative routes put forward. It was also found that the times given for getting between 6 various places were sometimes incorrect, but this is understandable, since Ronen could not be expected to remember such details precisely. 2. To give detailed background information on the various places Ronen passed through, the various organisations he came in contact with, the different modes of transport he utilised, the Jewish religious practices he observed on his journey, and many more things. The method which will be used in this book will be to bring in italics brief quotes together with the page number from the book “Escape of India” (by Avigail Myzlik, English translation, second edition, 2009) and this will be followed by comments in normal print. This book is meticulously documented and where internet references are given, the prefix http:// is omitted. It should be pointed out that since this book is “an in depth study” and not an “advertising brochure”, as far as possible, the names of businesses, restaurants, hotels etc. have been intentionally omitted. Since the names of such places are often to be found on the various websites quoted, such names have been replaced by ***. Ronen’s escape was clearly hashgacha pratit (Divine providence) – a journey with miracle after miracle. There were so many opportunities on this long escape journey for Ronen to have been intercepted by the authorities and returned to the jail in Mumbai. But despite this, he succeeded in returning to Israel. Ronen’s escape from India began on Tuesday, 27 September 2005, at the JJ Hospital in Mumbai … ************************************** [Because of his malaria, Ronen was taken to the JJ Hospital.] When we arrived at the hospital we went to the reception desk at the entrance. (p.319) There are a large number of hospitals, both governmental and private1, in Mumbai. Amongst them is the JJ Hospital, which is situated in a large campus near the Ramchandra Bhatt Marg (Babula Tank Road) and the Sir Jamshedjee Jejeebhoy Road in the Byculla area of South Mumbai.2 It was in 1834, that Sir Robert Grant, the Governor of Bombay (Mumbai), seeing the lack of medical care in his city, proposed the establishment of a medical school and a teaching hospital. A few years later, the First Indian Knight & Baronet, Sir Jamshedjee 1 Mumbai online: Hospitals (www.mumbaionline.in/EmergencyServices/Hospitals/ - accessed 21 December 2009); 95 Private Hospitals in Mumbai (www.karmayog.com/lists/mumpvthospitals.htm - accessed 21 December 2009). 2 Mumbai City Map, (Eicher Goodearth: New Delhi, 2009) [henceforth: Mumbai Map], p.17. 7 Jejeebhoy, offered an enormous donation for this purpose. Simultaneously, with the foundation of the Grant Medical College (named after Robert Grant), a hospital (known as the Sir JJ Hospital after the donor), was then built and it was opened in May 1845. In 1958, the whole JJ Hospital building was torn down and replaced by a seven story building. Today there are numerous buildings on this campus which extend over 44 acres of ground. Since the various buildings were added over a long period of time, they are of various styles of architecture. In addition to the Main Building of the JJ Hospital, these buildings include the Grant Medical College, the Central Medical Library, a Pharmacology Department, a Pathology Department, an Anatomy Hall, and a number of residential facilities for doctors, nurses, hospital workers and medical students.3 The hospital has 30,000 admissions each year and treats over half a million outpatients, and being a Government hospital, all this is free of charge to the patients. There are 45 wards with a total of 1,352 beds. An average of 57 operations are performed there each day.4 They gave me a small cup to bring them a urine sample. (p.319) One of the non-invasive medical tests performed on a patient is to analyse a sample of his urine. This is known as urinalysis. These tests include: colour and appearance, measuring of specific gravity to determine whether a person is dehydrated, and an analysis of whether certain other substances such as ketone bodies, bilirubin, glucose and hemoglobin are present and/or at what concentrations.5 Urine tests (in addition to other tests, such as saliva and blood tests) are also performed if a person has, or is suspected of having malaria.6 Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease transmitted from the bite of a mosquito infected with the parasite. It can then take a week or even months for the symptoms of malaria, such as fever, shivering, vomiting, anaemia, retinal damage and convulsions to appear. Malaria is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, including parts of the Americas, Asia, and Africa. Each year, there are approximately 250 million cases of malaria in the world, of which about one million are fatal.7 3 Grant Medical College & Sir J.J. Group of Hospitals (www.grantmedicalcollege- jjhospital.org/history.htm); Wikipedia: Grant Medical College and Sir James Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy Group of Hospitals. (accessed 18 May 2010); Grant Medical College: A Fragile Heritage (www.grantmedicalfriends.com/Images/pdf/CONSERVATION_ARCHITECT_REPORT_AND_ESTIMATES.pdf - accessed 25 December 2011). 4 Grant Medical College & Sir J.J. Group of Hospitals (www.grantmedicalcollege- jjhospital.org/present.htm) 5 Wikipedia: Urinalysis - accessed 25 December 2011. 6 “Quantitative detection of Plasmodium falciparum DNA in saliva, blood and urine”, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2009 Jun 1, 199 (11):1567. 7 Wikipedia: Malaria – accessed 25 December 2011. 8 Tests and experiments which have been performed within the last 20 years show a correlation between the contents of a person‟s urine and the presence of malaria. For example, experiments performed in the year 1991, on urine samples of patients with a certain species of malaria showed that 85 per cent of them had elevated levels of proteins in their urine.8 Experiments performed in Sudan in the year 2000 on 600 patients whose clinical picture was suggestive of malaria, suggested that malaria might have a significant effect on the urine, especially the presence of albuminuria.9 In a paper which was received by the editorial board of the “American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene” in August 2006, it stated that in India “about 2 million confirmed malaria cases and 1,000 deaths are reported annually.” However, it goes on to strongly dispute these figures and quotes the WHO [World Health Organization] South East Asia Regional Office, who estimate that there are “15 million cases and 20,000 deaths” annually.10 More specifically, “The Times of India” gives numbers for Mumbai for the period 1 January 2005 to 15 September 2005 – the period when Ronen contracted malaria in Mumbai.