.- ll

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HARULU ADRIANI{USL$13I.L RHILBY i

University. -' '-sin recalled his earlier suspicions t'at may have recruited andgand advised has admitted he recruited but denied that~was recruited. rt-entioned in this connection that*had never admitted to him that Guy Burgesswas invo-lvedwith SovietIntelligence. U !

i 5 I F 1 I 1 I | »

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TM: :1:=c::mm~.!:"*nLl.!!'!5 neither |-pr--|n1miIn'laLl0nlconclusions nor Hf Um rm. I1 In lhv nrw-Ilv of 1;", 3-]|1"ml it lunntll to ymu -nnnrv. 1 gm] Ila gum:-nl: Fife not tn hr dh!l.rlbu92.ed oublid!'n'11' '92lI@92fv'

J | -¢.- L E ii 4 92= 1L}. I I - OFHUN-ll. POI!!E, Q _.. anMlv IQI1 muH: IDHI cmnn-11.6 I J umrzn STATESco » ERNMENT 1-.

§mom /V1/7OsAc,NEWm YORK f /W suggest; A. nznzcwon, maxh" DATE: 6/l7/66

HAROLD ADRLAN RUSSELL PHILBE ESP-R0: NY! / ReBulet 5/ll/B6 and NYlet 5/1%/66.

The NYO has completed its review of indices concerning the list of Americans who attended Trinity College or Trinity Hall at Cambridge University, 1930- l93H, and has determined that NYO files contain inforé 92informationmation similar to thatset to forththeavailableNYO in reBu1et.however, is, The as not complete in detail as that set forth in reBulet. L . -, In accordance with the Bureau's instructions, the NYO will proceed to compile a list of Americans, other than Rhodes Scholars, who attended Uni- versity during the period l930 to l9H0. 92

17 '92 6'

omcwu row N0. I0 f - Md V52IDIYIOH an rm: ancm un-11.0 l UNITED srxrssi If Q Mam Va- i_ - i ? Memorc. .1l§.Qm -v- TO ; DIRECTOR, FBI !.l..,....i ll/B/66

FROM i %2§92~'92new eYORK e-'"in sac, r

sungscr: 0 r HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY ESP-R

As the Bureau is aware, the NYO is currently attempting to compile a list of Americans other than Rhodes ? Scholars, who attended Oxford University during the period ' l93Ol$hO,by reviewing back issues of The American II H .. Oxonian. It is noted that The American Ononian" is a

publication of the Association of American Rhodes Scholars _ and1:, ' contains the names and addresses of not only Rhodes 1: Scholars, but also other Americans who studied at Oxford. J The TYO has experienced considerable difficulty 3.r in compiling this list since it determined many individuals who attended Oxford during the pertinent period were not ',. listed in the lQhO directories but rather are listed in more 92;;f- recent directories. It was also discovered that the reverse ,;f:;r directorieswas true, that are is, not individualslisted listedin later ones. in the This earlier made itb '27? necessaryfor the KYO reviewto directoriesfor several years in order to compile a reasonably complete lists

It was also discovered that in the early directories the individuals were listed alphabetically V by state whereas in subsequent directories there was no _ breakdown by state and the names were simply listed alphabetically. It was also discovered that in some cases the year the individual attended Oxford was not shown in some directories but was set forth in others. Thus, what at first appeared to be a rather simple compilation of names, turned into a rather complicated project. It is noted, however, that all the major obstacles have now been surmounted and the list is rapidly being completed. The P, list will show, with few exceptions, not only the individual 's full and complete name, but also the cOl1Uuu and yea. lLL r his occupation and residence in the l9hOs, as well as his l currentthe ligj residencewill be andpromptly employment. submittedUpon to completiontheBureau. of same, ply Q/tif_ureau -n - RH! _ iii: u 1/V 1 - 1-: -. 1'1; 'l92 """"' ,.. 51 sit- . A

'7'-L -5m__? v A 1-.4NOV1956 9 :!92 ! ._ ___,.. I --... -» 92- Vk 1" ' ;'_m!*.:r¢'vlr25_92 Li!. i{'<'5ur'm'1!/ m»ua.92.m: 1'»-J*I0»z ..|ai/Jugs l s 4 Un- ..w . .WWM mm, M W , .->- I

92 _.

GI-A nun :1um! 0:. .... § _ _- .-"5 -"

QJNITED STATES '~'¢ ._¢-?-'F '. ' 0 Zllemomnmzm R 3 -

DIRECTOR, FBI ll»! mm; 12/23/66 p I ' ' MA; J 92"'§n:92/J.=.., --..=.. ..-.....-- ii. h-a. 4 K DAD, NEW IUHIX ] LY! I O unqscr: HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY ESP-R

.4.-= ReNY1et, .11/B/66, captioned matter. ? Enclosed for the Bureau are l9 copies of an LHM captioned, "Oxford University," setting forth a list of Americans other than Rhodes Scholars; who attended Oxford University during tne period 1930 - 19h0. This list was compiled by reviewing back issues J of the American Oxonian, a publication of the Association of American Rhodes Scholars. The LHM is not being classified since it was compiled from public 2 source information. - X while the attached list is probably not all inclusive, it does represent the most comprehensive list of Americans who studied at Oxford that it was /'4;possible for the NYO to compile without access to official university records. .

A A copy of the enclosed LHM is being submitted Y to WFO for information in View of their interest in this matter.

/2. if -_-./_~ ¢ UNi1EDDEPARTMENT STATESJUSTICE OF égkféa-.-"_.¢ FEDERALBUREAU OFINVESTIGATION

InRq@aHmuR4nw , New York File No. DEC2 3 1966

Oxford University I The following is a list of American students other than Rhodes Scholars who attended Oxford University, Oxford, during the period 1930-l9h0. The list was copilsd from a review of current and back issues of "The American Oxonian", a publication of the Association of American Rhodes Scholars. A section of this publication contains the names and addresses of not only Rhodes Scholars but also of other individuals, mostly Americans, who studied at Oxford.

/ Zr»-D 9292 e L o . cg Y . . Q ' 1 don tau! 1/l0/67

¢torx@I. gr X 1 l -aqua-~ HAROLD LDRIAK IUSSELL PHILBY - f IS? - I

Ieurlet 12/29/56%!»

there are attached two copiea or a letterhead aenorandun dated Deceaber 23, 1966, at lee York entitled "Oxford University. There is also attached a copy of lee York letter dated 12/23/66 in the instant case. The aenorandua lets out a liat ot Anericana other than Rhodes | l acholare who attended Oztord Univeraity during the yearn 1930 through 1940. You should turniah a copy oi this nano- randull to your aource and deteraine it any information in available to your aource to indicate that any oi the persona on tne list more recruited or it any attenpta verb aade to recruit any '0! these individual: during their residence in Oi lngland. The 348 nanea contained in the nenorandua have g. not been aearched through Bureau tilea since no reason exiats E-*4 at this tine to undertake ouch a project without additional @ £17.: intonation indicating the noaaihility oi recruitment attenptl -3 -1having been directed againet any or theee persona. _ Q! 92 Incloeuree 8 - - I

f I "92 J _.,- i H Q mp M __r_ _________M _ . H ..92-. .._.+<-V-it -- ~- - our --u " X Ii j 51,-!, - * 1 1 1 } §-I- Q 13¢ Joly 24.new 92~92 ' l I 0 meow mama aussru. nmav I

Z 1 h .-.4-.-age. % Jone 22, 195?, that he had -» !r....no-2.1.-Q edge of Harold Philby'e connections with the Soviet llnion, q and alwayenoted considered thatthat hie association Philhy was a withBritishPhilhy agent.inIadrid wee . very riei, covering the period tron April to July or auguat, 1939 Phil covering the ear in épain for the lamina ll I 1'3Iiaee In i y or luguet, 1939, Philby returned to on leave and did not return to ladrid hecauee oi the outbreak oi lorld tar ii, iv eaw Philhy again on one occasion in about September, H33, in Parie, at which tine Philby indicated that he was to he eaployed ae a war correspondent with the Iritieh linedIorcea. In1946 hrietly net'Phi1b1 again in Athena, Greece, at which tine by claiaed that he one workini for the iiritiih Fofeiin Uliii, aztawzh -ue""%:a1i that hewae actual:eailoyed by British Intelligence. at loatria.that tine ' 92 and Philhvy to Z

. j again net Philhy in , , in the lpriag or M56 there they were eociallv acquainted tor over a year. Ilhilhy had experienced difficulty in eecuring eaployaent in lngland, and he had gone to Beirut ae an obaerver or eon.-c:,,-o-..de:t tor the "eh-..erver" and the "Eco-..c..i=t,' both very conservative Iritieh pnhlicatione. at that tine, Philbfe

Q ; / ' ! Q wife :e ia antlagliehaaaiall, pingehlytor alcoholi- eeeenicide aamot ca. aboutmm oi l957._ eved t thi_e during eoaaa

iaeG__ he ha d t the I1 1967 e! Ihilby,and hiehump oi he= $35.17;.Clll J3 *6 '7 ly luogariaaions oi although the opinionrecalled he _that mf-1 8043 *-* I?¢a|.Il"iiii iii i-atria. H QL-, Iv __ .. Foreign1.1.1%"b|§;;n&¢ Ea - through/90, £or7¢f! a I RouteX , ,_ . , __ ._ __- _ . .._ _ __.:_ . . -¢._1'-1?;-;*z,'__" ._r ' "' 7' ' *' ' 7 ' ' ' - - -"- -.>'.*- ~_ ..--».-.- __ ..._,...__ .L A» / . 7 1 I-|=1-+1-an-01> - l i > _.i._...,. W &:: DECODEDETCOPY _ }';. .~.'-*~ E3 AIRGRAM E3 CABLEGRAM E21 RADIO III 'l'El..5TYPE' T T s,,.,,_,,2 92 A ?'5 une T 1a-2-67 _ M JKIRECTOR Q A ~. _ "2'M FROM LEGAT LONDON no. 12¢ = T "" £§S;;i1*::'1'111 "I.

; Q car/m4;.=' - R0551/9O_ c _ II F? HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY. .£sP-R. ' A I "

. P . -92 F OCTOBER ONE LAST, SUNDAY TIMES, LONDON, REPORTED SUBJECT L: INTERVIEWED TWO wsexs AGO IN uoscow BY son, JOHN, JOURNALIST. I --1 92 ARTlCLE REPORTED SUBJECTADMlTTED necnuurusmr av R. I. sg k , > 92 FEW MONTHS AFTER LEAVING CAMBRIDGE |N wH||.E 'ORK|N-GT AS R:h I "' K u A L COURIER IN GERMANY. RIS ASSIGNED Hill TASK OF PENBTRATING E5 * 1 aR|T|sH INTEEEIGENCE. srarso as ALMOST osracrso T0 nussii In? i 1955 IHEN ATTACKS OVER TIPOFF T0 MAC LEAN BECAME S0 SEVEATE I- FELT as COULD nor as or runrnca use vo ans. ALSO TOLD son as IAS STILL ON BRITISH SECRET PAYROLL IHEN SENT T0 BEIBUT AS c0RREsP0No£NT In 1956. ADMITTED TO sou n|s REAL ALLEGIANCE ans assw TO bssan uosr OF ADULT Li%@@§ swunnx raves aurzns Know- I J J 92 LEDGE " 1-|E'1IAS ON ACTIVE +_" SERVICE 7 $0 '§EC Ml-> a?UH BE ;' ~ -A = f ~ ~" A "" S * 1'1 '3 'L". ._ I . .__. Q. ,_._ ---- -A =>=11;,'%°" A " *7 any .. A p4 0 CT 1 U 9298-I _ If the imelligcncc cauained in the nwanhrand in order ta protect the flldlfl-I "- /Z? , oin-v. I9 1-21-er! J->92 M l l t P 11 , 92 J ii 1 J4 In iii-

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' .._ _ * _. L 1 begunin Cambridge in the . l930s ina moment of youthfulideal- a ism andrashness, andon another, an - Klii FHILBYa complex was and tor-exploration of the motives for trea---; 2_!¢__Q,n ~a"! mented manwho workedfor theRus- son-the story of a man whosewhole sian governmentas an"inside man"at life-wasa series of nmrringesand af- the heart of British Intelligence. He fairs, conducted in a haze of alco- was uncoveredin January,1963, con- hol-and ofhow hecame tobetray fessed, butmade a dramaticescape l to Moscowfrom Beirut,narrowly his country. avoiding arrest.An accountof hislife will bewritten byhis wife,who joined 92 him in andthen returnedto the West,and byPatrick Scale, correspondentof and the L:-orzo.-m'.n,publication for by Holt, Rinehartand Wimtnnin Febru- I ary, 1969. On one level this will be t e story of a remarkable career ' S 92 " 92 .._ 5*. g 92 ." n/J I . ii- 92 . "" I The Wlshlngwnagsl _,Ti~|i1_e_|_Heral%L 'Ihe WaehiigtonDaily News .._i i The euuig sutjtlwuhtngtonl -- The SundayStu fglhilll! ---- 1 DI iyI New| New York! *-ii SundayNew! New York! ---i l ....,.... , ;iI;i7..'.2L'.'°-Q. .. 92 . UNITED STAT ES GOVERNMENT Memorandum T0 I The Director DATE: /5 / ; n 7

11 FROM 1 N. P. Callahan 5/ Il .l_ 5UBJECTF The Congressional Record

_ . Pages 314743-314749. Senator Dodo, D! Connecticut, stated 'he skill an-:1 pervosivencss and the ability of the So-riot espionage apparatus to penetrate free world governments at the liighest love! has again been d .m:1tic:-.l1y illustrated by the case of Herold 'KimZPhilby, for many years he of British anti-Soviet intelligence, who has recently let it be known from 1

P Moscoxvsen-ctuary that he served as a Soviet agent for more than 30 years. __ _ Q. A h s s or; ._" -.m;-_ .._ r-hp1 inc case of I92 j hilby -1 may he, we in this ° country are i no p sitron to point mi accusing finger at the British. Inriced, 11' we recall ou 92 recent pt, there is p1.'cb:1bl.y no country in the Western World whezje mo . l men IIOIFHI15 1 6-top Govei-nment positions have been exposed--but only aiter many yestrs--as Soviet agents. " He cited as examples Alger Hios, Ha'rry Dexter N1-2% Wh te, York etc. Daily Ii-:1. News Do-;1d of i.nelu:l;¢ci October 2 with entities! his rams;-1-rs Thilby an Admits article Spyiiig from theFor Re " an. an article from the I"-few Yer-1; Times oi September 13 entitled "Foreig i Affairs: Ti:/11lC The Spies Arc. I 1

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In the oriqinol of o memorandum captioned and dated as above, the_C0nQIE'551°1'1°1 Record £0. / r _'. 5_ / was reviewed and pertinentntems were marked portionsfor of the a copy Director's of the iqinol attention. memorandum This form mav has been be¢1lPDed- PT¬'DQ1'9d m°n'~9d- "1 def nd hm91.-ted 5q4,°o;@q"%_92r'{q48$ or subject matter files. '92 O

- l. n W _ ...... TY "" "T . - 2;-';;..':.".:=;.'...* * / 4 ..1-LNMENT .- " : 1 '_, f I Memoradum T0 1 Director, FBI W nun: 10./27/67 PR0" gm --Q gat , London m P! ¬ W511-<'-F1 HAROLD ADRIAN nussnnrgpnrmavW ESP - R , 1 -

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" ' '~Iw-- -- .. ..-_ - 92

It is interesting to note that several of the above people app arently attended co lle e g with subject, BURGESS, orMACLEAN, andalso were in intel ig the same period of t1me. 1 encedurinw I

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| -W '"r -~ -- .__ -vu ~ QFIIQIIM I0!!! HO. ID IQIO-JD} MAY {III IFITIQII OLA GIN, BIG. HO. II _ UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT Memorandum TO =Hr. I. C. 8ulliv1%5 DATE: 11/21/67 ;__

mom ; D. J.Brennan, J1'! 'fV _,_.- @ SUBJECT1 J_ __1_Q]§___PliI[._E§¥___ESPIONRGE - R N T In recent weeks the British press has been highlighting the past activities oi the subject, iorner British More recently Intelligence newspapers oiiicer published who defected tothe results the or Sovietq¢?%E?/fan - interview oi Philby in Moscow by a British correspondent. In this interview, Philhy made it very clear that he had no regrets about his activities in behal! oi the Soviets. He was critical oi the British Secret Intelligence Service MI-6!and also made some derogatory commegts concerning Intelligence Allen Agency Dulles, CIA!.former Director oi Centre, gi __j I , 9

J

92 -*'92 -- /;;»

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FROM 4-512 mu. 1-la-an Q amount IOII -an ,, In Q i IMO-I00 4. :21 2.2:? :£.?°...... SUBJECT UNITED STA'l"E.S GOVERNMENT i Memorandum The Director DATE: 1 .1 I - N. P. Callahan I= The Congressional Record 2/ll " 1-

~ | /F -_ _ _ - - .--,.. _o-Q14-L-A Q I 11 1 III9292 Il921_-_ ' Pages li1.o'l9't-ruoouzs. Qongressman Asnnroox, uq umo, i spoke concerning security practices in the State Department. He stated t 1 | Because some of the outrageous abuses that have been perpetrated at 4 l State over the last few years have not received adequate attention or 1 1| publicity, I think it is advisable to comment on the situation and offer possible recommendations. The unparalleled successes of Soviet espionage over the years should have resulted in a highly refined security system at State, but recent experiences indicate that coverups of securityviolations and purges of qualified security personnel have provided a possible fertile field for Communist penetration. He set forth information on the E Philby-Burgess-Maclean case as an example and during? these comments ZUuabeuu e+ + A on |-I711-an t-h 1"-Call. n 0 + ri'qr921n<:r1'r*nq -luv-vb-vi -in -- the wont? R1-itish'oresS _- .--.-.--- -_ -F-is there we e e can e remain little doubt as to who was responsible for the intelligence leak in Washington which so benefited the Chinese Reds. Philby arrived in Washington as British tliaison to the FBI and CIA and in November 1950, Maclean came to Washington E E5 ""11521-U "'"UL ***"*L-U5 °o"e"-tr 1 I Jun 'i"ce'= UL J. D 8'5-Lzl-LU """=rcan L dewartment y - " Mr. Ashbrool: reierredi Ito securityhearings at the held by Statethe Department Senate Internal and stated Security "I-lad Subcommittee it not been for regardingthe persistent; I ef;o:";s oi this body, and Otepka's refusal to make a deal with State, much of the information now made public would have gone uncovered. - - - - A number oi months before the subcommittee had completed its hearings,

J -PSenator James Eastland introduced S. 3388 which was designed to correct F a number oi security problems at the State Department Wh1Ch vyere revealed J during the hearings. - ' " - Here are the nine provisions of the legislation: F - - - - Fourth. Require that a copy of any document transmitted to the State Department by the FBI or CIA and marked for the attention of the """"'"""""'J! Q.+27-vQ0?-=92 ------'~ rnnqt_ he '-"- franqmipd -----'-----'-- _ immediate-Iv ------=----'.v and - directlv --- -~., to ~- the V Secretarv's~ ~ .. l l office, flagged for his personal attention. " 5 ....- Q '--i lII92 1 ¬ "'m=;c 11 es? b the Congressional v i I _ - .= .. P . e . - - - . '' " i "".i-"..-i'i;'-L. i J --

W . 2 a 92 @ i . _ 92 - i . /. . 92 92 i. » , .. .,_ _ .'1 .-.. . i ' " -Q I i . "- ' Mo wit CilppingIn Space Below! W 'f V J ._..---.-_.-_- . -.-my . __.-|-0 ,5 | . ___ .. .. .. ....__..-_-...... 1 _ h L I ' _. -it Pi-i!i.i:'$Y-.-I-ii92iD2 i ' - ~.""''t course. hebased on their ' . THE BOOK ' ' f gineat-tor.ny Pttil.b1l . vita. reeerg.Phiiii aeriea in L. . Only on the third the thtday mea. 1 i - J . attempt. however.has he - Even in publishing. a -i 1' i been lucky lth the aertain brisk confusion THAT - , Third Man. appear: ta be ipueparabie Deutseri plan! to pub- from theactivities otthe /I tisha studyof Phiibybf dissemhiiug I-1. A. B. never: west t '.ii Bruce Page.David beitn t Pltiltw a n d Philip Kriigittlcy ggri! in the New Year. i The hook ariiii. at Odds for yet another Phiihy Puausuen Andre %:;=_- Q-na-D 0"592el'El tbs: e u n o r Indicate paqu. acne 0! Deutsch opened his ...--a-H-------~~'-_ Pitilby and Patrick Seat: aodlpcpcr, city and nun.! i of the Observer! is to be lodgers yesiterdoy to Rttblisiiedaniiiton. a'h{ Hamishto happen provide InsidePage with to be dart 0! the Timm- aan °ilIIi5lliO, whleli lip;/7 f7'.iw,__:rIn owns the Sundae Times. it U yet another intriguing Detiisch la certain he sideiight on the double- arlll beat I-Inmisit Hamli- ton to t-ho boukstaiia. biuff career of Phiiiay.no doubt. would Z4» !;.-,[1-...; /'/er it! Phiiby. . . i be delightedto take oddl- It comes under the head- 4 mg of The Book Timt Never i -- Was. I -an-| Back in I954 Phiiby made eon- taet with Deutseh alter being dis- at missed tram the Foreign Omee I toiiowlnz the detection at Burgess and Maclean. I-te offered to write a - K - -e. buck which touid have .- been. tn ecet. a aeti- exoneration oi hi: coni- piieitv in the lurid B. and M. aiiair. ' . at lhia euine. he had ' "Q- not been named its the . 92 'l'i1.rdin the Man drama. .|i Deuiwrh. aarialied there -I J nzis :i good bookin him. W1.5 rep p. 'uedIn be i generous Verynenerotts. '

' 92 31 A|n'.l1 ll hen e..

92-

-,_. _ '92~-92 xkt 5 oovannmam"92 , "M A" ;.i;l;j;.7i_'r . iandum In ~ /. Q42 D;-{~21 V ' Q. Bl], Wl n cu O Ac A1014! ADRIANnusssu. git:-rz I 4,,msmonacn - nussxa M" I1|IIIIIIIIi:Z5k1;@*f¬;1&d / ' -n ""' .7 5-"-V 92 Philbyis the former HI-6 British InelligenoeWe f Service! otficer who detected ta the Soviets in-lQ63.¢1He is receiving considerable publicity as a resultjof'researcb conducted by British newspapermen and the publication of the details of a meeting between Philby and hie son tho is _ 1 now living in England. Philby, during the period 1949-51, ofwas postedhisservice to the Unitedandwas States accredited as a as a liaison liaison representative representative [theto the Central FBI, Intelligencealthough sctualli heAgency wasCIA!. mainly in contiet slag !

92 l

192

M U J u cue: ; . ._ . Rq"JTs IN ENVELQ"°E. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT 1% Memorandum 5 ____.-1,--_:_____i.__._.__--- TO Ir. I. C. §/tpnlivan on-rs; November 29, 1967

" FROM 0 f -_-iulhn ' SUBJECT: HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY, ESPIONAGE -Also Known RUSSIA, As ,/W '" ?}/ |

Philby is the former II-6 British Secret Intelligence I Service! officer and admitted Soviet agent who iled to Russia 1" in 1963 and is still there. More recently the British press / / has been highlighting the past activities of Philby and the . "Sunday Times" of London has published a series of articles - on him with particular reference to his work as n soviet State Security 1962. KGB!agent while _ . connected with III-6 from IQQO * to U!

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r The KGB:"Undoubtedly ours theis bestintelligence ser- ll vice therehas everbeen. Some really tremendoustriumphs. We have0! coursernany advan-92. i tages. . . . We havea tradition of foresightand patiencelaid down bythat brilliant man Feliksthe Chelia. Dzerainskyforerunner who foundedthe oi K GB!. When1 rst started to work forthe SovietUnion, for example,used l tomeet mycon- tactonce a week fortwo whole years whenabsolutely nothing s happened all.at We were 92 patiently waitingfor anoppor- tunity. 1 All-lea.One theof happiest days ofmy lifewas thefall of KwanieNkrumahnot that 92ponrl have anythingpersonally, against chaptheI but 1 think wemade someserious mistakes 1 was there. askedto v-ritea paper l ongenerally the African soonafter situationIarrived 9292 in .92ioscovr-oneoi myrst jobs tor theKGB here,as a matter of fact. l took a generally cautious line.By all means give thesenew Africanstates a reasonable amountof nancial aid onreal projects.But I rt, warned, dontget deeply 92 involved.. .. Well, wedid. -I Millions ofroubles downthe drain. Iwas sorry to see Nkrumah followedby thepeople who arein therenow, butat anvpolicy rate1 wasAfricain proved nowis watch,right. Our help hut no deep involvements.l V , Incidentally, theChinese seemI towe have did."done evenworse thanl . 92 ; ,

t _

l_I

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-I Q ,_ -Iv .~ l ,,. _., ._- -- ...._.,_. ... __--1-...-.. . q 1' .- . 2 l Y. s O@_'~-;..i,. _, . MountClipping In $po:h Bclow! 4} , l E E s I~i 12;. 15¢ B T J. officer , it 4 1 MY FIRST direct contact with 1 , Krogers Philny was s telephone call to l 0 my room it the Lcnlngradskaya 1 DURING the Bust few weeks. Hotel in Moscow, one of those I there have oee-'.. persistent marveiiousiy ugiy wedding-cake dbrtmmurs that the. -memoirs - buildings in the Stalin Gothic of the Sorter spy Kim_. Philhy style oi the 'Il.ies. - _ i ._ _E l are about to be published tn I picked up the telephone {tndlcoto pogo. none oi _ A the West. Philby appears to and heard a strange choking newspaper, city and Maui! ._ hare matte a number 0] con- sound, as it someone at the tacts trith Western publish- other end was trying to say ing organisoiions, and there something. Then the unknown 1.4- Syn JAM? 77';c,'.J" is also evidence that the caller hung up. The same thing . Ll _ . _ '1 _ ' MS has been pushed by happened ve minutes later--: I oiciai Russian source-*- ring. the same sound.-a click 7!, ' ' It and silence. The third time, I i Rceentltt. trns oered the chance to picked up the telephone and it-rd", -§-'7 %r"'e/ publish an R0.000-word manu- said, rpL.:I92._.aon u the at c-_....92.:...-1 oil-chance, iv Mr--:.-I -l IIJIUJZ IJP92'dh|ll|;- Il-Ll script by Plzilby. After cort- Philby, quite distinctly ih-is sitleration, we decided that time. and after a few seconds we could not justify snch a preliminaries. we arranged to in V gt;-1: to ourselves. The 1. n meet in Room 436 st the Minsk I question 0; nancial reward Hotel on Gorky Boulevard the n-as not tie decisive one- Broadway of Moscow "!, at Phili-gg matte clear that he 8 3'5-is ...... sh...... -Q-»~.-ti. obt- tens not interested in money I knocked. the door opened. l for himself. it was rather o and _there was Phllby, smiling i e matter that memoirs from with hand _ outstretched. I this admitted KGB officer, went lg and took oft my snow- could only be o deliberate owcle d hat. 92_ and coat. l u-on- attempt to damrrae Western he_ room was completely | iiiir;-rests, ii'iii'tfii§i- Western here except tor two chairs lntellittcnce Organisations. -, and I table on which stood Howe:-er. we did take stes a briefcase, I bottle of vodka .9 end two glasses. The table to ascertain what sort of stood by s window with :1 mamiscript Philby was oer- breath-taking view aver Moscow, ino. It turns out to be not red stars shining on the siniply his memoirs - but ghostly while walls and spires rather on imllctment oj oi the Kremlin in the distance. iDItl; /2//'//1 7 Westertt secret operations "This is a touch dynamic l -.1... __ . l EDl92IDIli against the , city," said Phllby. " This J9-I5-55. society ts_ going somewhere. ; Ailhosl Two uteelrs ago. Murray Care for o drink?" Soyle was in Moscow on ti I accepted his -offer and we Billet: / scientic feature assignment sat-down. Philby -was dressed Titian -/T/_¢rI// fut: / tor the Sunday Times Colour in sports coll and grey snnels; ll. Magazine. Philby met Sayle he is a courteous man. smiles I several times: during these s crest deal. and his well-cut m./..,.;., />4 J4? meetings, Philby made the grey hair and ruddy complexion Character: £3, -& suggest vitality and enjoyment remarkable smestion that of life. He speaks exactly I5 a he might wit raw his book unied 0 1 if the Soviet spies Peter and senior British civil eervanl _, A would about his present em- Suhnilunq Dillon: Helen Krooer were exchangedployers-my superiors" he Lon /4-7 tor Gerad Brooke. ' Ihe says, °' my colleagues," Ind very D Being lnvoltlqclod Krogcrs were sentenced in earl! in our conversation he i*f7~*1$' rllareh 1961-to twentg years explained I om 2 serving for espionage. Bron e was ntt.-er or the K G D, as you pro- sentenced in July 196.3 to a _ bahlv. know __ " lie made no secrct year's imprisonment and four of his KGB employment. and years in a labour camp.! Continued on page 2 Suggestions bf an 8ICiH17l{i' - lmre hit the been British steadfastly Govefmne refused t 07-ED - - 92-- - -1This is BIIITFWIRQ U1,

of i1i.g'11;ge§i ._ with Ih|'.lb.|-'5 l.-nn _A 1 ' ' -- '1 t 9 1' SI? """ .__ _¢,__ ..:,_1___H Fl . ll at l I 92 - " I a1 s I " - ' _. I . - .'92 .'.->92k -I t .- . 92_l I a _~ . <

92 O

. _ " venerable People: Labour Russian Front. I refu . l 1 Philby; . 0 -- Our _ position is that . . t ! .n'd they give mm . <- _ _ COR?-l!ZlllfdifT01_ltf!.tIQGI p _ Mthecharges l92ro,,ers on ate which _tnItoccnl they ot we.ethe °"f."¬1'{ supposed $2091, to taqt;-ttact be workwswho toldi me at one stage heihad ii convicted. They were personal, inside the Soviet Union. e. been on the telephone with his not political friends of Gordon h e etrsted what is left ot. Employers}. ' i Lonstlalc. We don't dispute that Q; so thoroughly _th_l_l_l-1:: After Philby said that he peoplelike Gordon and Colonel very rst person he contact - worked for the K G B I took the Abel were our agents. highly was a K GB man. All this Cll l skilled professionals, but we out at Brooke: trill ""3 1 opportunity to make my position wellknown in the West. clear: I did not propose to eon- cannot agree that the Kroger: 1 "id, " There seems to be I duet I Iormal interview in the were the top-level azcnts they sense ot asking him I set 0! are being represented as, or in- feeling in the West that Brooke rttlestions, but that I held myseli deed our scents at all except was 1,,n¢tn;;more out or less, anti-Common innocentil! st . . . free to write an account of our. in the sense oi being lriends I meeting ll some subsequent oi Lon=rlalc's." literature and was nfibbcd by .1 time; and that l ditl not think I asketl, Did you write your people in order to exchws there vt-as any point in our 1_,ons.tlales mom-airs? him oft for the l

r 1 . - '5u -. I t. V a , .92 _

....,._-=» -.w"" ' i - .l -_. Phill;>2 "" No. it is say; qqmpletcly against it. 1 thought the whole thing? * "3.l' U! I [own like tn idea. ilo 92i'hate92'er 1 feelI I can wouldper hie reversion to the oldsplrtt. a , I serially to ;'.=t these people out; 01' course, they were Built-1' I} f l Perhaps tw.o for one seems II ghgrgcd, smuglzliltl-t _ __"1_9lT hit- lharzain in the West, hut we criticism of the Soviet uibfi .4 Wilt iii-=t have to [are the tact abroad to he puhlisherl. Tho! 0 '~. that the Western stile always should have not a week in till. comes out worst in this type of or pr,-1-hapg 1 pl_tl!IlC CEDSUTB exchange, for the simple reason [rum their eoileazittts Ft *1" that -re have mere, an-1! better Writers Union. wiiais the lirrits than you have, We ggg point, ot sending them to _a Colonel Ahel. a rst-class man, "labour camp? But you nave to l I'D! l"ial'r-y l"owct'5, who was only matte some allowances for what '1 1 Pilot. for the simple reason these Russians have been P that you have no one as good through at the liqnds of foreign in-er here for us to catch." irivailers-they're sensitive on l I the area of their own poop]! ]|l1'l1§t|lI "1 love life, women getting lnvo1ved_ vi-ith rind cliildren, food and drink, I love all that amt I want other 92iore1ghers. g92'Qn 1; you You ¢ont can agree. iinderstanoThe 4 T l'¢"P1r' to he alile to enjoy iti _o1d spirit survives here and Ill to the full, loo " said Philby. l there, but you'll have to arl_rnil. 1 aslieil him how he felt about these sentences were against !!it92!!1:-1 his own family. " I the whole direction things have Fl=l'!1n.~e I am really two people " been taking here." ht iiaitl. "1 am a private per- Ills book. My book ls about son and a political per5tm_ 80,000 words long. No more than cniirse. if there is a conict, the eight pages are political, in t.he 1political person comesfirst." I sense of discussing the merits said this sounded one of the ot Coinmiinism. Of course. bloat-zest, saddest things 1 hail maoy yobng people became l heart! anyone say for a long Communists tn the earl! time. lie shrugzed his Shoulders, tl'iirties: the question, in my I asked how he reacted to the ease is why I remained one, and charge that he was I-'921'gi[p|'_saw it through to the end. Te betray. you must rst through the Stalin period and b¢lnn1!" ht sititl. "1 never hc. everythini: else. I make my is-'t;:er!. I have [e!!o92.-.'~:t! exeetly position clear on these matters.l u 4 the same line the whole of my -iris main part ct my heel; is adult lite. The ght aiziiinst an account of my work with the amt the ght against SIS, CIA and T-B1tn rny lmveriiilism were, fundament- years in the West. I name ally, the same light." the colleaitues I was involved I Daniel and Sinyavsliv tli with, but not in an _unkindly I way, I hope: just setting down rlsencd wrimrs: I. ~,-_-Ti'rie*ficis. l think the teeth should come out. l ¢ I said, Your superiors must think this publication will help l the Soviet side." Philby: "Of .eourse: I am a servinit officer of the KG B. Naturally, I sayl noihiii iboiit my wort; 2'0! the KG B in my book. and my his- tory becomes rather general after ahout 1955--I have to think about protecting our awn % operations alter that date." l

0 . _,_ / '" :+- '7 - - ''7 4%- 92 7 "~*.~__ ;»::___ -i_ t _ __;__ rt It ..,=-_ 7- . 1,, _-__ __

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l i _ , , , 92 II I '..'.1:;,':.°-" t 'A -"H" "' an am. I:e,n|. av ~ UNITEDGQERNBIENT STATES 92 6- 7 ' .| id ti Memorandu

!r, I, C. Sullivan DATE 92 II 1 r 27 FROM I. A.駧;§g;n 1... . .a/D :::.I sum£cr= HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY, A J Also Known As Kim Philby ESPIONAGE - RUSSIA -

Philby is the formerHI-6 British Intelligence Service! officer and admitted Sovietagent whofled to Russia in 1963 and ie still there. Hewas in theU.S. from October, 1943until June leai, as tnean QIII l1~P I ilaieonJ J 'representative accreditedto the FBj- i ea/ alth ough actually he wasmainly in contact with the Central --'=~ t Intelligence CIA!, AgencyAmerican the of counterpart HI-I6, -

0

-I . J. "3 _,__;» .{_ ._ _ ,' *1 ~! 5.1

Iemorandum I. Ii-A-ID1; . nII"-ll9292l'J-All IIIA Di ,l92ll I Branigan 1:0 I. C. Sullivan RUSSELL PHILBY

ACTION:

Bureau cases identified in the attached list have been reviewed to determine how Phi1bys status as a Soviet agent may have affected Bureau operations at that time and how it might affect Bureau operations today. There are attached individual memorandapoints. on these Bureéu cases with our observations on thee * J. I ¥¢Hf

I 92

O I

-I

- 2 - //ifAlf? t -- ~"-- <~- -~--»-- --»-w-~ -A e~~»----~~ - .-- ,. __.._I.'..... 1 .._._.t ,,_.. . . t [ u-~... Pr I " '"Ir" -~ --.__ - 92 V :;_,

IACIILI -- BURGESS CA8!

-

Kin Philly! knowledge 0! this letter during H18 luv- eeeignnent in the United Staten Ind no adverse eect in Bureau operations at the tine etnce this wee primarily e Brltilh i'=-5;-oumaInter. not nu; I-IIIB! the Oect use token, whatever hie en kncreledgepresent 0: Bureaupthis operations.

/

-w 92

It 10 not hilt that Ill Philly: knowloagn at til shun nutter would have any Minn: on lax-can opctation Iv II In tho put.

" ,~ F .4:> T» I _,,,_ , W 1_.,.92..-..<. _..-. -1 | 1 I IWM> . T A r 1 IA -w 92 éo

KI.-1ZABE'l'H TIRBHLB18113!

1. Background . The into izniaotia iiantioy joinoi *-" , i 1935 and in the Summer oi 1941 Ina used

n a as an espionage courier botvoon Iashington, D. C. Iron 1941 t I120 usH 1911 Ii! I81 with the 511-ear-.2.-aster and.Perle Epionge 91-9119; s! ml; gs others working tor Soviet intelligence on In individual basil. Thelgencies. intonationIn 1945 obtainedBentley by Bentley tarnished concernedvoluminous any Go-variant into:-anti»?' regarding theabove operations to this Baron. w n. L rm.uwtsJIor .2... Il92!Q_!'_Il.§_i.OIl Bonti ma y - i i-oiiei of Bnroii iilu in casoa concc _I11llb¢1iIl Bentley. , in the Case consisting Sections 148-151 cover he period Juno | 1 @to!ee..v 3?, 19-51, !Q!'! ind no _ I tor intornntipn are notod. 92 rI Bursa an intornant 1110 re: - Bentley, 1'o:;_tho pe1_-1od_mgnrI. 1948. thrown! T January, 1853,and no ovioonco or n w iota-1. FT It should be noted, honwor, that Iontlly III initially furnished intozuation to this Biron! in 1845 and Isl tootitiol ii2% the Ho-ss "....-..-aittecen 9.-shes; Qctivitios in LDQQ. Additionally, at tho tile Illilby III in tho Ilitd Itatul, Q0 i serialization ontitlol I7 Lilo ll A nodBpy begun not and yropnrntions ngiz no ladion nab lot publication 0! - Q is

ILIZABETH TIRRILL BENTLEY

C. __.._§_____.._._..1mIttoct on FBI'31! or Phil '1tnowied m"""""'""£ e"""""'""""""""'TO> or "mm" This Information available cuqm Inasmuch on the initial Bentley um, 1: would disclosureslppelu were umby an lads 1949 this intonation id not have had too neat 1 iigniiioanoe to Phiiby, oartieuierly ie vie! oi seating: ' testimony, appearance as n vitneee on numerous occasions, and publicity afforded to her. It voui d la av0 been interesting but would appear to we ha been oi limited operational I_1IIi1f1¢lll¢O~- D. Pre11en'l;?I1_g e§;1:.____9_;_§_J!!'§3_1__3! Ifpilgfa Knowledge The tact that Philby became aware at some 0 1 Bentley: intonation eouid be oaharnoeing but oi no opei-ntioiii iirziiiiear-so at present.

1'

.5, I ;_.-._ fa. .. . , ....._."... __.. ,- W.» . .. .. W I _...,.=.. --.. -_... 92

-N, .,___ _ | we g

e! 5-.-.2; $11.; hi; Gornan--born naturalized British subject ihn Ill Ill Q18 scientist. Ila had been 1|: the Halted States 1:0: 3.948 ti t 1946 working with I British lniontlttc tun ualgnod t0 tho Ianhattan Project. Inch: no 0.:-mated by tin lritiah in Ingltmd in tobrunry, 1950, and In adnittud tunllhlng ltl oz into:-nationtho orzzuu to the bent: aunts. us nu In In antacidodnvzctod to sen;-an 0! Itolaticupun. _%@uy,I_r:g_=qQ_r;g,!;;;1n:0a£th1n.0'l:t1.I0 lnvutlgatlon and linen Fuchs Ill Iucoontnlly cnlv!,¢t0d,_l$ in 1: not Ind hit any that ndvu-noMilky: aoat knowledge In Inna 01' operation this investigationat ll! tuna! ,/

1'

-.. . _.r. .. .______ N H --u av I. 1.-4-"" T7 Memorandum I. A. Branigan to I. C. Sulliv -=1 RBI ' W1 REVIEW;"THE THIRD IAN"

conclusions such as his ststesent on page l36 that the central Intelligence Agency CIA! investigation showed Donald laclean was handled by Arthur Adams during part or hi s stay in the U.B. In order to make this sound reasonable, the author refers to Adams as a KGB Committee or State Security! agent when in truth Adams was a I GRU Soviet Hilitary Intelligence! agent. Again on page 162 he states during the investigation of Colonel Rudolph Abel by the FBI, two witnesses identified a photograph ofPhilby as a person they had seen at Abel's studio in 1951. This, of course, is pure Iictio?.] There are several other instances in the book where the author exercises his imagination in order to make all the pieces of this case fit into his own preconceived notion of exactly how this case deve1oped.. The balance Oi the book tells the story oi the the flight death of of all Burgess, three of and these marriage individualsof Philby behind to Hrs. the Iron Ilaclean. Curtain,.1t adds nothing new to the case - 3 l'l"It.I'I;' any nu l I'I92I.I't'92D 0 anvn a __._..__..___i Bureau tiles show that E. HT*E;ekridge, whose true name , has written several books on espionage. {III have previously told us that he prepares his books from £ B?§¥t'sources such as newspaper articles and other publications. » N His totell most the recent story book of was Georgeentitled Blake, "Shadow British of aintelligence Spy" which dTtic1i'Dpurported who was a Soviet agent. 92 THE PUBLISHER: The publisher of this book is Arthuf*£;;ker, Limited, _ of Lond_on,,__Bngland. Bureau tiles contain no identifiable [_92 information relating to this company. 92"

mtrtrou .01; FBI = On page 153 the author quotes from the "FBI Story" the order attributed to the Director after the secrets of the atomic bomb had been stolen "to find the thieves." He says this order put every FBI Agent on alert and over B0 Agents were kept busy for moat. on ". . . the rather paltry case against -- a case which was finally thrown out by the U.8. Supreme Court." In turthc ance of the Director's order he states that ". . . iorgotten suspe< were run ih and put through third degree interrogations." In this 1 paragraph the author is running down the importance of the Coplon i I case and shows the Bureau in a ad 1ghtwhen he refers to thii 92 degree interrogations . 5 r J ACTION: For information. It is recommended Q1813 this book92bw placed in the Bureau Library. ,1 ./ - i V 54 I % - 2 - Vq5o / W»~'9~/ or I . Ix VT -I ' "I? -~ --,-.. | -an I

4-srz$71074 76in IQ.in". 7-1B-63! IQ 92§,|g Q , HIVUIQI IMTIOII 92 _ UNIDill. IIO. IO. II UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT /' 1 -/. .= Memorandum I/f TO 1 TheDirector DATE, }//>

FROM I N. P. Callahan

'SUB_,lEC'I':The Congressional Record I cciicerning<7 thePages H1265-H1273.Oteplracase. stated Congressman He case Ashbroolc, "His a penetrating gives R! Ohio, insight spoke 92 into ._~.iesiionableQ State Department policies which have found lax security I iavoritisni, subversion, immorality, and dishonesty tolerated ii not fostered, wliile at the same time honest public servants are given the kangaroo court or official cold-shoulder treatment. - - - - The vital need for unbreachable security procedures has been pointed up during the past two decades by many ca;&~.. ofdefections, disappearances, suicides, arrests, scandals, and the like, bu: nowhere,not evenin thephenomena}!/;Richard case, Sorge havethere been ci;.;:.";ions to rival those of Harold Kim Philby, , and Don Maclea. 1._':. _-.sr.'.:»rookset forth iniormatron"c'oncefhig"activities of Philby, Burgess -92 -- Qacrean. He pointed out that "With recent disclosures in the British pres , :. re canremain little doubt asto whowas responsiblefor the intelligence e:_.: inWashington which so benefited the Chinese Reds. Philby arrived in ,'.?T:.;;zing-;onBritish asliaison to the FBI andCIA andin November 1950, Macl -_cz._;-.sWashington to ashead oi the Foreign Office's Americandepartment. '.__';~_iPost '.2as:I-.ir.gtonoi October 1'6,1967, excerptedmaterial from the ;;;;'.;'.:>n'Ii_mes S;;r.day relating to I92£acleans role in the Koreanaffair. " ;;_~. .1isZ".o:oolralso comments on other cases oi lax security by the State ;Z:;_;:-.r'tr.:e;i;the andtreatment accorded certain personnel by the State "'.__._ . .=.|.____.._-LJ..92___ 4.i...:_._,.£'£.92..,4-~ J-..._.-.2.-.,-.~ :_... J-Al92w92*:.l'92b92I92f92 ¢:IAnn-n-1+1-r z'<+92nI:f'n+ -vu:>¢-r-1-|'|¢:92+1'r92nc' ._,~;_a-.1. La--Cll'.,LUI. LH.§-LI. C.l.LU.l Lb 1.1.1 Llylllé LU CILLUL MU DLL Lbb rDU92»92-LALb J. '.¢5u4-I-l-92-Av.|.A.u- -92 AS'_:".;r0ok concluded"Otto Otepka illustrates the torturous ordeal that -.'.-,._ f92 adv»- government_ emplo Y S ees must »o throu h when the Ychallenge the_ '~.-.ialcom in Washington, particularly in the State Department. His 92 CIIIZC-case stands as an indictment oi the State Department and its policies. " Adjournment: Until Thursday, February 22, 1968, at 12 noon.

J nor aaconaii 9 141mm 18 1958 In theoriqinal a memorandumoi captioned dated and above, as Congressional the 1qe¢D;d2 /-1£0; I /édf was reviewedand pertinent items were marked forthe Director-sone-ntion. This form hasbeen preparedin orderthat portions ofa copy of theoriginal memorandummay be clipped. mounted,and placed 92 a ropriate e or subgect mutterfiles M

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Iaurlet 2/2/68. - There is atachcd onio 001:1 0! a b11nd uoaorlndlal Ihlch lnswe rs cor taizi quosttona concern 0 1n¢ th above nenornndul bod

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l. Did Iurgeee engineer hie on recall to Snelaodf

Burgcee or lie Philhgr. It hilhy did use Burgeea I-I , it vac the aoet eproieceional ea: to alert Iaclean that he one coder inreetigation- In a'eoreal lovict Olpionagb operation, loviet ageate have hot! eeana ct regular acceee to their Ioviet handlere ae cell ae energency eethode or contact. lo normal opcratione, it could have been eurricient tor Philhy to alert hie loviet handler rho could have taken over and relayed the lltorlation to appropriate ctticiala. B1 oeing Burgeee, Philby eeeeceeeerili eeepreeieed ell three ef theee eeleeble egeatea In addition, he knew that Bryeee Ina a drunkard and a hoeoeeaual and could not he considered e reliable courier cince he could cell have revealed hie roration while in a drunken etuor on hie way hack to Ingland. loch e procedure leade to the queation, "Iaa Philhy actually in contact with the Boviete during thie period?"

I. Did Iurgeae purposely conait hie ottencca--drunkennees, et eetera,-to ii.-'.e hie -rec;--ll -c--ar eee - - "7?

It would not he out or character tor Burzeea, a horn hoaoeexual and alcoholic, to do eeactly that he did in the - hited Statel- I. Iae there anything en hie politically--any connection eith _ the -loviete, ct eetera? I O Beth 5-can eed eeeleee are eeeted to eh... "-..-1*...--' st r ee I-doreditcd Iritieh plouate and eedoyed all the pririlcgee and in the ineunity United ltatee. rantedtgkvcreeeatativee y docbte cl their or loreign loviet cocneoticnegoverneente eerediepelled hy later iaveatigetiona conducted in loathed ifee will ee the retro! eecelatioae Iade in H85; ' A Sf w7F: e. ictcraatioaFm ee tell Ihileanything he eae about Iac1een'e *0: 3;r:,"; any i uf_I:a'eaew g1L1__. _ _.. lli ff K-- ecu_ = :1 h re Aahzead aeceee or tr. Chancery 3», It theIr3ieh gogcoaauncatonei,/IIeha:e1,laclean oi Bight]Ilited political Iingdoe eattkre. en a joint American, Inited therepreeentativeKingdom, and caaadian eonittee concerning atceic energy aattere. Ac noted in the hock, the Third Ian," I1 I. I. cookridge, lean -~.

| regularlhvieited etoeic eneru inetallatione and one or 06 the ...... tee _...... - ah-ranking._-...o ctticiale cleared hr In h ,. atee aecurity =**a1:2;::*§:»§s;;;i..:';]"',g3 ,¢,.m.»m'w@'m- qw I I it 9292.92 t +1..

In eddition, on pegee iii-133 oi thie eeee hook, iiifi ii iiiiiinne to inioriition whioh iiaiain ind Barges: eight here hed eooeee to. Aleo, the lepteeher 80 1955, ieeue of "me. Iewe endIorld Report" eonteine enertinie on how information tron Burgeee end Iecleen could here influenced the Chineee entrnnoe into the toreen nontiint. the erticle ll entitled "Bow Iwo Ipiee Loet the U.l. I let." I. Gen we tell anything about the denegee done by Burgeee end lecleen, that ie, the denegeeeeeeeeent?e 9292 Inesmunh ee these individueie hnd no content with our orgenieetion, the extent or eny euch damages would have to cone hoe those egonciee with when they did eeintein oontect. I. Ihet grounds were there tor believing that Philhy wee "the third nan" in 1951? - The rein ground weethe tect that Burgess, wholived h and as on intimate teas tith 5-hilt;-, h.-.d e-:. =-ith Rania:-..a torepreeentetiwe the Soviet Union. Ieehington, in Philhy, he D. ., the Britieh would intelligencehevebeen eyseoted to be eweme oi the investigation Ieeding to the identi inetion oi lecleen I8 I Ioviet egent. In the light oi the Voikov eeee end the Albanian tieeoo, Phiihy heoene e etnong eendidete tor "the third ten. iiiiiiiiiI. Any ew-e, eeeeeeeent iitionihiioonoerning iith Phiihy'e ""nu]iii, lite in Ieehington---hie iooiiiand ii-"*.-mil 1107

Philby enjoyed the no:-eel eooiel lite oi eny lritieh diploeet in Ieehington end no eeoret wee eede or the tent thet Iurgeee lived in hie hone. I. Gen we la:-nieh e deeege eeeeeeeent on Philby--how euoh did he weelly hurt we? Io ench eeeeeeaent een he eede. It ie extremely intereetieg to note, however, thet Dhiihy ee the Ii-O repre- eentetive on the eoene in Ieehington wee ewere oi the teenlte oi the Anglo-United Itetee inweetigetion lending to the identi- lioetion oi Ilene Iuohe. Ie eieo knew oi the interrogation e! Iuohe ee well ee the mil eooperetion given by hie. Yet, no notion wee teken by the loviete to eeve eny Aeericen eeehene of the eopionege ring which nltieeteiy Iee uncovered el e Ieenit if the iohehi e-eweiitioni. 'ir.ii leads one iaevitahiy to

enn

..... J _ * I ] 1 If J Q

the conclusion that the lovtets ere ieteested ts ssviss eel; Iueetane. Ior exaspie, they traoed vaiuebie prisoners to ettect the release oi Colonel lbel. and Gordon Lonedele. totl loviet nationals, but sade no eort to trade anyone tor Iuchs, the cohens, or the losenberll. lven allow!-s; tor the Isct that the Bovlete rescued Iarmeee and leclean, they ettii lett Phiiby "holding the bu" end ieit hie to lisht the llettle by |l1II.ue , e. Ian Philby under auipaczcn until 1.. 11.4 or ea; he eoneioerei innocent when the British cleared hie to 1055'!

Io consent. _ 10. Iith regard to Phi1by's lalilnltat in Lebanon, there ere two theories: a! that the British did clear and trust hie tron 1956 on, end b! that he eae sot trusted and the Iritieh eect hie to Lebanon in an tseigneent tn order to leceive end aislesd the Russians. Ihich theory to correct? The annex to this Iiee with Iritish intelligence. ii. Md Anatoliy Doinitsyn uncover B:i1bL:isa11y7 lid Dolniteyn lurnieh hie cane and details a t lie? Br lid the line! uncovering occur?

.9 mite 18. Do ea hove any intonation about the lcviet apperetus with which Phiihy no involved?

Io count. _ I3. lay errore to IN-1117'! D1? lnssmch as thin hook ilhed yet, it in inpoeeihle to deteraine 1! it.

I011: ace aeaorandua I. C. lullivan to C. D. leLoec.h, 92 ~

1 anOPIIONM nu IOIM lwnou .~I0 NO. - j-sq _, / UNITEDBIA "M8141Gill s'm'r1=.s 92U92-NJ c ERNMENT ' ' _ / Memorandum "

To = DIRECTOR, I-BIhe mm: 3/19

; LEGAT, Ii! P! _ / SUBWAROLDRUSSELL ADRIANaka PHILBY, NW! - es? R- . . A» 4,v n H

Remylet to Bureau 2/2/68. Enclosed is the first of a series of extractions from PHILBY'smemoirs which appeared in Le Figaro," a Paris morningare not dailyappearing newspaper daily onand 3/16/68. notat Subsequent fixedintervals. articles The article indicates the the next article will be "PHILBY Explains the Volkov Affair." We will remain alert for subsequent articles and they will be furnished to the Bureau for translation. A forward to the enclosed ar 'cle theon first" willpage appear indicates in Paristhat soon the_§gok in French.entitlgdfgéa "Le Figaro" Invisibl hasGuerre "t exclusive rights for the publication in French. We will be - alert for the appearance of the book and this will be immediately reviewed when it is available for information of intéest to the Bureau. ' ..<

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HI PHH-BY, clwyan In-ilrmniqan cl runn- . " I dludmuler, I :1-lain unions-n Inn In i in PlnullignncoScrvfcl. any-frail -cal. _ - I i nlllrll P9 I I'll Itlrenlc mu Pun Lo Sluuhy Hillel in Landau -cit pill .r- -r*92 I 1! , »'funk in-nib-a nu rid: Jo mu lrhlll-I'll-D I - ~ ' -'lea pludefcanu agent:in urvicn Jupion- '3 2 Iago no|'6ll'quec- ' urrfin rrconllilah uprh III awake an-uh . _;_ -- L. r J L0 penonnaga rnnmbln rnnlrmrnl I til par quolqun Iaumolinn lppnrinnnl I In v-n v " 1 - . 1|-ant: lrnublrl Joni In rommu Jnpinunnga riulurllon Ju Iain eanfn qul IIIII Illa-I __ 1 P f "rm-urn: In mm-nlun-n. MaiaIf an fngil pninl In rérilnlinnl-qua Plillby null Iain; l Qt ltl In iml. Klan Phllby, qglunnr pour In -h lonquo ca Junior ital: did hi twin ' mmpla Jr: nrvien aoailiqurn Ill at-In III-Fm; Ihita i Mandi. in nrvicn in rennnignernrnln bricunnlqm-1. Crlu foh. :u| Klan Plllby hi-ulna qr! 92- r Owl III hqwmm-, onchair rt an on. qui I ill Purl! oi la Elna-0ff canal In.:1-lluh-I05 your-.: - iv In? i In llomilrcuun affair" inpin|nm|n an l"rannI rum on-an §"a|-iinin 1-Jii-niii is ll nolunmnonl as: ucllvllin at i In falls nu- c Mimolrn I», gal flrunl pnnnlulnnulll u.', 4 nnua III I951 In Jenn la lea co|n|-urn-loin, on h6r|n'n'arho; Rom [Alina an In In 5 lhlrgna It Hcbeln, comma Isl agent: lo 0 Ila lurrro hnlailrlu Q. ,.- J Ioaclh " C0 n'nlpar emu luialraa-Ion qua nan nuns Jicldqi in pulrlin as lalioa PN'll'_92'-II'll It' ~. - Iualflin momma ll la I-oil, cl I no manque pan - M, On pelt n lrmaruhvr comment Kim Phillry, do I4 intro, 1-: in ml!» I nun plgrt. bi plu an-I lu aympathln com:-nunhln linden! bins Oct. non action nilulo nu! pun 606 0|-1-uninm lonnun, pqrnhu i l'1nlroduirQIlcul chmrnl 92 ' JamIn ac:-vice: Jarret: britnmulquen.L'¢.:p- ' . I I au-lln, IllllHon Ztianatlquo,pa-clan-I phi0 - gnthnl loll in-0 trouvéc Ian: Juan din: In um Je0-H. lilcnlnlJulia. par I Jul: I pa-canqal -nil: git, on I_._. . . rulnémlvlliti In en prrwirn an nmmnml oi {n|:1;l'|'nIIHI; polltlquono nhnp 7:00 dnn I{F5 - _I[,;_I_I,r v!_b45.lOn=lIlI= I0-av In nnmhv In n92rnna- .'=.,ee!r-= .|_._._ pp:-nl, Juno lo-I plrnlil/~pqul |qn;|uanhu-nl|-nlrn Mala, quail! qua lull In Mpngnanu Qua Pun i plh-a In dlrwn-I an-llama In .92.|'.'i. .nu*nl r lulu-lllga-nun .92nn'-*0!. - $1315 §'L"'I..-'"Z'.'~.'f.$11111 'i>'Il..IZ"|?....." On pl! ll Imnunler and common!Phlllny mid In rhallclu dross; pa-r Pldlby nan par-vim 5 Ion". lmpuruimnu pnulnnl lnnl qlulnllanlion! hmnillqlnnalut I Pupil. CIA- funnier In rla Illliclla cl Jnngrr-was quiI mnu luau uh a-rll J16 poulNaP Philly ,- r I 3 Quin cnurmi. Car n'ulq||'n92 I963,qn 4-Ila-I, -r 92 11' mmpril,tprh phuh-urn ah-u, qua In 1:-~-"-.mun an r";.'i":'"- .-m.~,:.- rs ".-.-.:no .:*"-. i pawn-nl Bull wnlu I-mlr hli II fivrllpnrr or in lnfnnnlllon ll;-no not 3-ans Info ravine | an nilnglrr Ill U.R..92..§..oi ll all nujmnnnrl. pqhllqlll» _ 92 |',,'¢;'lJ.-gun;IIIIO Ink dun |-hid: In aquari- Ila-n anionic, bl lnlnnln P011009 i Ma law: Jrln do ca -uuilra do I'np-lonnngn. l Jun gm; lnlrllllnwn Qarln, nub gun! Jlnl rnpnruallli do Jh-lorilbnn .1 iii ii-*=¬a::, 4".-:.-=: :_-.-.=,e-!!!!e4_'.l ggrlpllnnnulla 5 "__.t' ______,_ - A;_;_A_- _ _ '~"4 W41-If*¥f~1""""""-"""' ' ' VA i J ___ _ _V___:.,______.

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[I114 I Iolulnl-ho. , I . I approrlmothromonl do"_,_ aw man pooto aupria do tout carpi doa ordao ootalt troy alaémant do "H I ll n do I955. T001 ospédlonnalro bunaiquo gal I lino nu-o Inlao an oluao al moi. I la loia ow long do oath porlodo. |'alpourran ltra anvoyl our lo lrunl C dilo devuh I'll! It IIPUI. Ir lnléro-and I an oouionu par lo oomdo qua do l0uoat. Jo no youvah guoro I-oatou. I1 Yolfolro, ntorvonala. Coouna Jo u poraormo no loo Woo awo- dnq onl- oapéror Illa-u: dana loo olruoav coma fonlalgruo la aoooluaiooll L nouns Iatoo ortlclco altuouon. ohl mm-Loo gonnar dovoIr |o' ids-o lion Ionaaa. Tout oar:-upoadam do ya-aoiaolro do non oun-ago, Hid ooa-dquoncoo onttoinéea pug la aooo loo oroanla-mono ooovmr luerro douo dfun ospt ourlaux dornlar, on I567, jo rdichlllllao on our do lo ammo, noun niaioo pow la almplo rolaoo pouvalt 1 amuaofuno emu: bnnanoa I rapportunlta do lo dovana oulntanam loo laaumol ouo lo afovola lomala appar- ounaldérohlo do ronooilaomenla puma at auasuhll qualquaaanltrrdvooablomont your la aaolliou: fonu I aucuno. Loo Ironlo pro qua la conauro no M pa:-manrall. I cot ogud. Do Pavia llodrol. all- on pour Io phi. Jo you: done lnloroo annd-oa do Inon Qrovollon do dlvurguar, at non awo-I quot jo on rolllaka I Poooouo, la rrloontor moo lvra ou publla ou oorvko do lo oouao I la- rinnco on lnyagno m'an|l om»!!! ouhlinon doaolt on ll-N I!- aana amourir Paccuaallan do quouo § naval; om m poa- qool Moll lo ganro do quoalluno lordh }u0uuI oouvol ordro. La ooolokr I-onluor H bmao. Hun but aloo dopulo lo but dano lo I pour. Bur col aau-amua, 3o oalaon pzlaclnolo do coho idol- oat ahnulonsont do aorrigo: cor- olandoanllo. Coo lonoua Quuuor général brluunlqua tot ioo oonak I oo one oolto publi-toinoo oonltroérltdo at intofrd-~ nhoao a command on Iwopo lnatallo I Arno. Jo paoaaia la ooziaa amour: dovulr oausarunotatlona hnvea, at do préaeutor. conlrolo on mola do iulp 1133: piupart do moo out-onus cuu 1 ouwoaaonro paraulm-a, ova-oIna ooraton plus ooacto at plus ollo rm achovo-o av Llbon on Tonouynza agauon do Ia eapiuio duo oonaplieoona lntornltianalaaou92hontlq92lI doo llito. _ Ionvlor 1963. Alon oo-Woman!froncolao at non dana lo aoul but deal B ak diicllo do prdvoir Na-1o on rnowro d'IPpll'l92IIldo my aatrouver an gahnu com- I oonu-o. Jo daddaia donc do aoua moo vraloo ooulourl, noi- pagnla. Hall oi Intéresuat rm-u, mom-o do cold oroviaolrlant Lo pa-olnIIro or-ho alriouoo loo d'un ofcior doa oonrlooomen poato I Anal n' pd-I -Laltan- do no oar;-Bro ran Malia oaaroia aovlitlquoo. cora aotlsfatnut. Mn an-:10 noni- J-Ia-.a Cono anlnuaeriu.situation o ltd oomplitr j our uno Ianguo pkiodo allont, tlquoo nravalont d1: at réaémo on lent tranoioznmdo pot loo ortleloo lormel pro-nan!-I qua go dcvail oui out pm dano lo Sunder Ti- U I I accordar In vrkorlll abaoluo Iml aan or rOboen-or, on mola dacto- u general Franco pénéu-alien daua loo aarcoa ao- De Rlbbenirop u arata brnanniquaa. - Iu1- Coo anlclos, on déph dun oval; aria do vitena. Halo undla C'ét-nit ohm la pérloda do ho ooauln numbro daoaaeutudaaApron anal:-no on an d'antM926qua ioa négoaiauona dtatent am aondcea aaarou an qupauau jnuib our loo hit: ot dor:-euro d'1n92o192olondaatlno on Europa contraia,eoura, lo ii: pluaiaura I-oyagoa I aoiont oncoro d'uno am henna wen-uaa M. Jo lo ammo. d'6lo-lo rowurnala on Angleterro. J'¢uaBerlin, pour prendro contact one réputatloa. Aunt to dépan do! q. ooo un pau oxcoasiia do lnea pro- loo mun gnndao dirticultéa I lo Inlnlolra do Ia propaganda at con-eapondanta do guerro your :-ru menm om-out no portraittrouvor on moyon do auba-later.Io Dienstalello mhbantrop. Pan- 92on;-a oh-':d92quo do mo carrlbro.Caot alorl q921'uu dvéncment oo 1: Franco oo début d'octobr¢. }o 3 11 hat auaoud: lualnué. Non on- - aonna jusqwlcl n'a auggérd qua pnaolo gi ck II qualquea 1:-Ions tandu. not dao journoul rlvoux,n produlslt. Bu Poaparo do qualqueafétala passé do aornmunismo ou Pub ll no mo rasu plus qu'I 92qua lo Sunday Timon at 92'0bu1~aamalnao, !'abon$unala tnua mu nazlsrna. Uaxplicaon plua alm- otlondro. Co ora re}-no do fagon oar onion: no mum" d"un ll- amta polltlqueo. comrnoncaio I pla, at d'a92l1eura véridiqua, oat lnaompidoo blan ouo ndéwlleo I gamaaquo aomulot. L'a92>0urdltd do réquontarlea récaouona I IAn1-qua lea lien: eachéa on non oth- common: onto nouvailo onuaprb I oouo priao do vol-lon a dd}! MI bauada d'A192amogno. Jo a pa:-noI-Int onto; Ia Grand:-Braugua at oo tut couronuéo do auccoo. _ ospoaéo dam la Sunder Tim". du Comlto d'Al1lonco Franco~A!lo-!'Alla1-nazna I Pépoquo cauoalont 1 Iour an out Io pauz amnio-mogna, at anlroprla one atria do do aérleux aoualo au gouvarna- Au on ob lo douta aubr ncnt ojoutor ouuna acuolondémarchoa l'inlt1[l92'IIR dana uno moot oovléliqua. roll oncaro don: oonalm oo- - '1ova dad altar-to do 1-await Io ma- toutouvo. d'al1IaurI avartéo, pour prila aouaoannoua. on aormn hncor ovac doa ionda uni: on Lo Iuerro d'E|pa:no dclatl. pon- aapoao ooo lam a'ln1po-no1 noacril doa ox-{moo do Soodoaiournol doatind I lavoaor laa dont rune do mu vialtaa I Bar- pout-Ilro. on lo oorr do an-In a fine; aw-om to ounncatton. at. lla. Loo Null pouaoolent deo crla odalouonao. lo aola dovonv on 1' > qoroprh riodon. Poi dkllndbonoca to-lauuna antro lo Granda-da 11-lornpha. at ea no {ut qu'uno oono proposition. II o aamhloBaaugno at Pmlamagno. In da- lain rentrd on Angtalarra quo anombra I nor! onlloro ooa ou- qua Io direction do journo! dovoltplt do tbua moo oortl. catloI'l|'|P92'1I qua Io général Franco .1 Icro grit; I ooutanlr lo Point do étranga ooanturo ao aoldo par on n'avau poo anvahl tout lo paya, one ooque! a'éu192 mm oa pro- ochoc, oar on outro III"-IPI IIWI wl rd-daeziau. at qua 'l'objocUv1td F * i " o 1 l *i ' l :' I 7 mainonvoya tonguequ'H guarroan tallah. torrltolro clvo. l'o92tondra oapognal Jo Iua I alorauna oo- un Je clipl6m'e quie canet n 7 .__' 7 ' 4 aupa par lea haclolol on rua do . 7 " 7 ' ' ' ' ' '_ " 92In y tnatoltar at, I iong tonne do Common! oout ooh a-1-u pa 1- B , . . Infolourar . una poaln lull! pro cammoncu I Ila daolaloa do *5 u: cha qua poaanblo dea aphbreaQouar Iln adla om! dam Io lotto I _ . ' _ 'docf-Ion otaiallaa. . Gotta lnlaaionooutro la 1- lotionno Int poo lo fut manéa I blan puilquo dana malm d'noa eonvorlion auhlta. . . 92 L n , Hlaapaca do quolquoa aamainoa, ja Din qua lo lnhttroaaal out pro- l9292 : I P 92 H doviua I la corraspondant acerddltoblamaa polldquoa, ja nu ouurnol du - Timon - auproa daa to:-aoaauaaltbt van lo mouvomool. tn» franqulaiao, ot lea aulvio oommomum. ; at Pun do osaa premiers gaatoo, on anivant I Combndga _ 92 ._ . ' _ , Mpendant taut lo tamoa qua du»an 1929, lut do no joindro I 1 __ '/ _ _ to oolto guorro déautrauaa. En»mum aaciallato do !'Un.9292|or|-It ' , _ coro una mu. paraonna n'a Illi-do Cambridge. Durant In dau - * 5 ' . , 92 géré qua ea travali lit do ma! unpronaioroa annéoa, faaam-ll on , 1 phllongmo. Lo mémo explication,réiuhrllb I I-mllol loo Idunion . - ~ *' - - banala, rule valablaajo no trou-Ida Jo no nth jamaia gram part I aaa oethmla. do tar at '' " {Q _ ' - 92 ooh lo gauvernament II on aorvlco anviéliqua.commando parmaaura do moo locturoa, fa pa » - - ~ - Au mull doom 1939. commayou I peu oonacioneo du hit qu - - - loo ant mamcaa rnpldamant do guarro ou-doaaul l'unaa-do lo Llbour Party, on Grand:-B 92 -_ ,1 "- 92 92 '1]Danuig. dodo ulnar la - Tu-noa tombar - ma ianagno. deman- tagoo, oval! uno 9-ounba UH 1 [FF o.,...... _-H-h ¢'GI§- rEAi5E§1_ -__A__;_¢~_,_ . 7» Y:-__ gm-15,91} " .- -._a._.o___..! 92.;.1 1-. " -~-1---I I I o . o--P J * |.> 0 , _ _. - - o '¢ ' -~n~--- ' -- 12:3 - - . { _ .1." ' . , I

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. I . -. l .._'_ g i~ I >_ _.; I .1! . I - b ' , ' J..__ .._..*__._'___e 3 *-r-'4*-- . __. *H i - 3: - - 7 - 4 - . 92- - I1 i i . ' 1'? " ' - - ' - ' . __I i -~ _. - 1 ._~.. or:F ' O l * V ; _5, -.- . - 1- *1:-*» _92 . '1-"8 - 'i Q L»-1--~5 - -- loot et eemiononf your Peo- E 1"" r -I-welqnernerrll 581!- pertlolper do piuo prh ouo: mmm do C.U.S.S. ll, oi Io Irlt; men peoeeoe fun peln! !'-- -n. J- owl done preten- do we oeelolieie I on loin! genie Ioooon do h Icahn lo dro qr.-o lo ouli Ill! 92|I92 6'?"-ilevlno eon treeorier on I931- moo bureau. ic ]>l'tll oootomoler D33. Cocl mo rnit on conleci do we eemmunioio pi-it dew: . gin do r-melgnenuonh oovli- om. Co no Iv! Qu'I lo Illi le lea ooiideo tondetiono do low-nil tiouu pqndef environ tronio Ivec lee lrectiono do Polio gou- Que feutrevoyeio I Oem92u-!d:e- elio do Labour Perry eoruweo moo ltudoo I Ceri'lU|'Hll- Ill om. el Que lo io rooterel oenl -. e . Kin PIBI1. loie io92qu'I lo mod Oil. in doe oommuriloieo. Le loch-Ire - eourl do rm I933, -lee nee moi-no Iu!quI co one Moo of ouidue of I'onelyso doe cloni- iorniero douiee oo lloolporont. Io iklln m'ohllgeI92! I prendre oueo do oocioilsme europeon Je oumoi Hlnlvenlre evee on l!Cenhe'll|I_Uu-eel-|RyIo$K 1; me roiroiie. M-llo Pouontiel do plllrnoill evec den dia- diploma. of one lo oolwleen cueoionu enln-_iioe it porlole 'l92Ior-elr.1oooponnbIolo.n'&$ N ri-no mum e'ee! Ieulouro que men existence ioveh Ill! oopionnolo ot do lo oil-roriti Io ii on-vole um doe domoinoo mime brloriiee eu Illn do le %!éi!r Ge Q2! use prooeeeue eomecreo on oomnunlome. 0:-oode-lrotenaeoldenohh ii normolorrieni iiioii, iii torrleh-ooenpe-ad-out-' 1. I7 molru else: lee Anglole II lee lmerkeim. out ogentt. Jo trio I QlIll.GroroI'nIhe- . 1 _= lkrlrll don: moi-mime I per- '' Une impossibilité: . F Hr do rnelnteneni oornmo on i agent. FBIIOHCQI II In polihque _ -- On o recemrnonl peril do nod roulo I91 no conduloell I lo Prochoin article : evmmo du.u agent doubie on me I'M depule longtempl perdu no tr-ipic. si ran not dire our II man diploma en felt, jo orois - position pollllqllo Ill direct Uquo jo treroliiilo one no mo qu'll eet on pouesslon ilu M1 5! nee eigrle do lo voriete Pl-lll.BY EXPLIQUE - 92' ego! poor dv-ux nu pioelcuro cbtee ! |'el go:-do moo convic- . itooorlor-Crenluhew-Muuerim 1 I ie fob, cesl une erreur cone!- tions. C'esi'. tel, pqii-Eire, qu'unye, lniuriont Io Inouvomeni FAFFAIRE VOLKOV Q oéreoier Iout on loo; do me cot» douto pout eueiiiir ie ieciour. Il - qurl |n'evel! ioiul tomber, lo nm. Io mi; our-more an ogent no pout am rreixnent eurprenent quo Pele edopii un pol-M do We i do péneiruiioo directe trovlllhntoommunisto ea oouro do: entice: faieii iii |T1'iv'i5i iii5i§.' Gino l"lnt6rM do [otlvornomont 8| lucroilf qu'il phi ltro. so 1 ="l:"~ l- f=i' quo Io role en- 30; hombre do moo conic-mpo- nine ont opéré lo mbmo ohoix. deoiin no oemhloit elniotro. I 4 iré done i... ecniu-o secrete bri- , ll-itilquco no change rlen I I'll-Mei: lie ooni. egeiement norribreu: i ceux out, oyont felt I Vépoque 'Lo trnlslé-mo solution qul I'M- f hire : fli ioujouro comildéré mco Ireit I mot em: do tenir boa ot -miselono den! lo 5.l.S.{5trVlce co choix, ant change do cbté lore- quo lee pires especie du neit- do gordor mule ml cooonoc - do rensrlcnernent brituiniquo! done lea prlucipco do le Revolu- ' comma one eclivll do cower- niaxno oo eont ml: on evidence. tion en emit persuade qu'|1o our-Ifajtesfztape liire quo je devaio nourish evec Je nel poo um do me ilinc; ll out ioglquo do ilomeoder pour- vivrolent eux orreun doe ind!-i i emu do competence pour enu- vious, oi énormeo iluoeent-elieo" - for lee position: done leoquelioo quot. Four on itro I-mmiio maven lro- Tel fut ll chol-I ouquoi to T Jo rcridrllo I Hlnioo Sovletlque mo nlllol, oldé on pertio per lo in sen-ice: lea piiu eicocce. dépourvu du don do le memoiro iioule, ll tot extrémement diffi- niece, er! pertie per !'ioeu.oet, a macon Mon rdio den: Io 51.5. doll. llro r envisage I lo iumiére do moo do- ciio de décrlre eve: oxoctiiudo Cele iette queiquo Iumlkro our rooomeni tolei I I; eon do comment ll I eboutl I tello on rnon oititudo per rapport eux on-921 '-4'fi?-.*'-"L"?-;"1"" i _ I'L'nmIl So»-unique que Je cone]- tolio decision ll y e plus do tremo trencee du eulie do Sleiino. Mole} j '51-oi:oioro comm: Jo ie his en- one. Dene mun prupre coo, tmo je 'nni meiritenont plttl do douie core mllritenent commo in 10110- tentative do co genre oereii. d'uneour to verdict do Pletolro. Me lecture perticuiieremerit orlde. {oi persistente done lo commu- reme iniérieuro du rnouvement - in noodle! reroiuiioonolro. illeie comma ie queotiou Il!'l.'I on. Iilsme no elinlflo pee quo me! lee I1 {out y répondro. mbmo oi points do we et men ettitudee oette repomo est periieuiiercment ooient do:-neurél Iooeilisel do-i% elmpllfléo. I not une trcnieine ireoneeo. litter mbridge over: onl. éié, nu controiro. lnnuericeeoi » Lorequ'Il devlni oielr one loo cl modlfiées per-loll rudomonl. "_,___,_ . - 92_ l92, une conviction " Qhaoee olleient vrelmenr rnel par lee évéoemonée terrible! om I 92 _ v-_. n-_-_-_ ,* on Union oovletlque, Ii rrepoo. ee oont euccéilé durent mo vie. mane den grand: ti-mi-onto do Io rut oue in-ole plmlblllth foc- Jo mo eule qua-rellé ovee moo emh nacho ronnldério oommo Uno- * 2 lln l'offroIer92i' I moi. Tout poiitiquee our lee oujele lee plue I Q let 92 force mondieio. lleio c'oet evec le d'ebord, je oeuvelo ronencor important: ot_1e lo lele onooifo. diconfltu-to oi Lo on-cute du Le. E 7 compliloment I lo polihlque. ll route encore uno l0I'h!I'll ¢0!|ll' b092-If PIN! on 1932 qne oo deter- ' Cele, lo le levels, Melt impos- déreble do treveii.I toiro-; ii y découvrez mlno moo orientation p0!Jllqno,_, oibio. II on vrol ouo |el dos euro doe holitl et defbeo. Cer- } la-iiirlio oi doe enlhouelolmol tain: progréa. one yooperois voir Co Ilvro ne In on overe- on rlehoro do lo peiiilquoi _do mon vivent ll y I ti-onto lite I "h'I'I Ill do phllmlqiqq mole c'oei In pollilquo eoulo ottendrorit pout-etro urie gene"-1 i frantel M eon none. Pool imo role- ,qul lhmno an lone at uuo tlno on drum. Mei: quend }e re-1 _ iiio iiiiénriiiii, ii iii Fin. iihéiéi-vii I at: ole. 9o'.:=ie- temion do rrvecerior oonl you F enornenr, |o pouvolo conllnuorii "w " 7* W4 " - ow oouiblo do men theme I owoir one ecllvlie pbliliqwl ' i " "in I. O ier.IItilli'ini-ill mcon; t 1 erinciooi. Ii ouml, oer comi- 'lur 92|no hole toielemeni lli- - 1 llicumor nonerell II eeonu I 15 I}. cenhn. i qulnl. do lire kl Que co Iv? renio. Moll lone qvelio direc- Dimmer on om-on lllti. - rm-wiomoni In I-elswr Perry Ilon |n'orion!orolo-||o P Le ee- 0 B 1 U_- llttmrru alum mu. lo r:;c;:io;aeieIoiee,lIlI-on _ Innoui eocoeil _ _ Int. , do Ii qul no decide pour llllqoo do VIII Ieldwiri-Cherw Niel"! lllilII"Iitilli1il- io ocemiero Pele I oenqor ,5. berlela mo koppo olore ; com- £14 iaipon-iaeur eonqe ! -- -Wee 9 lreuiroru M mm I lrontel W maM1: Hwu-Moi I emo oliomotlve no elle me Ireppe encore Uiiggusgggis Tlll ; " O Io llli_lli'-tell calm dc: um I lrootol io Seloo-an _ 2 _ pouliiio I loo eoneepiion onelnienonl, eommo one poli- ruin I|'IlI"||IIl, 5"" o lo , -frond cenlort I'll! Niel Id i Illlhve. lo lolmnencel J llqvo oberronie. Jo ooyoie lo §:':.:::1.1:;:::.-.:".:*:::..*':i'3...."".,. 1 _ ein ee -framddouche. RC-. rein - ! - . =done cheque chiebrl}. 1 e~_ no-1 o*|£A|92t£;:-L-i| 014:4 H in ori: :;::Lll"'l::.lnon : y- . oim|buloen.lil'SIF ' _ eiieulreioen. Ill!!! L _ J puns iiieuml. mu oumice I i I A - mepua

. I *~ *7 "' *~~'7 ~4+ ' "' ~~~~e~ '7 7 *" 7 i eA4__".__ - filler..- or es. minus loin not to I [Q19-|||| . .1InGIll.lIG_u-00.17 an: IBITION UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT Memorandum

TO he '0 C. SUI]-ivl n RE}DATE: 18/68 3/ 11b nu : /

FROM B, J: Breanne, Jr=,~n 0 "FrQM /*§I.: -Lug pk £.c1HAROLD KIIPHILBY O K;_ ESPIOHAGERUSSIA - . H dggf I V J ,~fq / Reference is made to the enclosed ertic1e,Ihich appeared in "The Washington Pbst" on 3/15/B8, wherein it is stated that Phi1hy's aemeirs under the title at "Hy Silent Inr" were being released on 3/15/68 by Grove Press in New York City. We previously obtained 0. transcript 0:! these memoirs which were reviewed with appropriate comments and observations memorahdum Brnnigan to Sullivan, "Harold Kin Philby," 2/19/68!. Iith regard to the release oi the memoirs, "The Iashington Post" was referring to the tirst part 01 Phi1by's memoirs which appeared in the April, 1968, issue 0! the magazine "Evergreen"; this hit the newsstands on 3/15/68- 1 l

_|_. 92| J /M {L TI 1 -. _ _ .-. .1 _.i_-. - . Q ' . , .1 1 l

E - =

_. o ', _ d _ _ _ , .. . ,. 1 - ,_» 41> on-'

.- __ f . pun-rr-l._ TQM-r 5'1-"53s . I p - n 4 rieisyTelisoi Hiss '-.';-an5 1.11 eHere in Book Released'ioday it While servingas a Soviet in Washingtonhe servedash his imminent arrest and to , gt .- . "'=--?'»""3. 7.-.="=,T=-""7' , spy, Harold Kim!Phiiby sat,jBriLi.shiinte1ligence of-1;liaisontake charge of irisoieanb "res- $211,"L ¢-,>°-.. -r~ - '-./<3 2 - °"f;;.i-;. 'I on aSpecial PolicyCommitteetcer withhOi.I_l theCIA and,cue,"Phi1by writes. I-' -,-: ~'>»-'i;3§;~.~:>;?... .U _. ; @ st rs > 3 . in Washingtonwhich plannedftheFBI. ' iIngenious and Simple _,r . /.- A ~ and executedjoin-t British-IHe identieshis chief co}:-it The scheme was ingenious n ;,v-- ti. American clandestine_;nte11:.;tacts the GAin as JamesAn-*1 _» tgenee missions in and gleton and William J. Howard. quiredand the simple, unwitting;Ii.hough coopera- re~ ' it 92, Q i. H-he Ukraine ' Of Angleton, he says, We tion or Virginia Gov. John S. . 'i*"~.'-'<5?-- , it . InzgynczepggsesésdCggggfformedhabitiunehing, of Battle, British the Ambassador Sir i ilk}, i Oliver Franks and Secretary tee. otherTlge membersheii;"¢°3 week it H3¢VEY'5 . ..92 I! .92 iidenlifies as Robert Joyce e was one of the thinnest of State Dean Acheson. Bur- - U"' Lswdshdrrul gess was simply told to go ont I! .,. ire resenting the State Depart n P.!1LB! ment;p ranF k Li n dsay fo 6'th vrnen I th I haveb- ever andmet, andone} get arrested three times ._,_, ICentral IntelligenceA§eni;1y.iTgim,..e eaters Lucky:xggest or spy role

...... ,,,,_ .. .______> , - 0 I - . ' '9292 ,':m|onuNO. I994II _ n IQ-IQ. am nu IBITIOII - J an em. no. no, :1 UNITED STATES GO92 _.RNMENT M emorandu --.._< 92v grW Q sulliggdb nrrr llnfrh21 1968

FROM : W. A Q E SUBJECT:REVIEW {, BQQK '1,-J _fKIm PHILBY 1; § SPY I LOVED" ' - 2 by Eleanor Philby _ I This memoranfumis areview the of above-captioned book. . BACKGROUND: S a¢ _. This book by Eleanor Philby tells the story of her married life with Philby from January, 1959, until Hay, 1965 . L: Philbywho was alsothe operatingis former MI-6as a Soviet British agent.Intelligence He defected in agentService!. January, 1963, to Russia where he currently resides. 4/7 IE§_E22E= %E/ In this book, the third Mrs. Philby tells the story, of her courtship and marriage to Philby and claims that she had no knowledge of his espionage activities on behalf of the Soviets until after he defected. She tells of their life in Moscow together between September, 1963, and June, 1964, at which time she left Philby temporarily to visit her daughter in the United States. She returned to Moscow in November,:l964, and remained there until May, 1965, when she left Philby and Russia permanently. She relates the gradual estrangement which began to set in during her first stay in Moscow and tells how ; on her return she discovered that Philby and Melinda Maclean, wife of , another defector,_were engagedin a romhntic attachment which caused the finaiihreak between the Philbys. It is interesting to note tns¬urs. Philby says that Philby was working on a book being prepared by Gordon Lonsdale, KGB Committee of State Security! agent who was arrested in England and later returned to Russia in an exqlnge%_Z/2 -

/ If/M5

"i ~ -.l.Mm. | [ .92., S 1.

Memorandum W. A. Branigan to W. C. Sullivan RE: BOOK REVIEW "KIM PHILBY THE SPY I LOVED" - by Eleanor Ph*' 1IQIIIIF

r.-vw vi!~--. ---~ |_rI92~"-Pu. --- -~ -i---r---92--¢~ ..n_-own-agar _/ THE PUBLISHER I

Bureau files The contain publisherreferencesis Hamish>Q:mi1ton to his firm ofwhich London, appearEngland. to relate to legitimate book publishing activities.

Juani.r|:9292Tv1'92 .1 J-Ll. vart TAU

On page 122, Mrs. Philby tells of being interviewed by Bureau Agents following her arrival in the United States in 1964 and comments that she was struck by how decent they were. She describes the Agents as ". . . two young men in Brooks Brothers suits, very polite and discreet." There are no other references to the Bureau in the book. I ACTIQH. n

It is recommended that this book be placed in the Bureau Library. ;?*»'°/M/ m¢...&wnu:;. i °92 KYI'M. I'll Ill ElnaClll 92§~|¢ UNITED STATES GC RNMENT 92 Memorandum

TO DIRECTOR, FBI ti! '" 3/ 22/est

O LEGAT, PARIS a! P! UB1?! HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELLPI-1II..BY,aka , ESP-R _ Remylet to Breau, 3/19/68.

<. Enclosed is the third of a series of articles '| from PHILBY's memoirs which appeared in the "Le Figaro," a Paris morning daily newspaper, on 3/22/68. In the enclosed article, PHILBY discusses his position as the M16 representative in Washington,D.C., in liaison with the CIA qfid the FBI. He states that liaison with the FBI, if it was correctly handled, could be a full time job. He points out that it was during the darkest days of the McCARTHY era, and was during the time of the cases involving HISS, COPLON, FUCHS, GREENGLASS and the Courageous ROSENBERGs, not to mention many others who remain anonymous. He states that the liaison with CIA covered a domain much more vast. He then states, "Where should one commence?". He states that since the end of his memoirs concerns mainly the FBI, he has decided to first treat his relations with CIA. He goes on to describe Q his dealings with CIA headquarters.

Suggest the enclosed be translated by the Bureau and copies of translation be furnished to this office.

We will continue to follow and advise.

M , '92 MYM-,1

IT ---- . _ w 1- <'92 "J

nape, Parts aprn 2, ion "i".-115 Director,REC-138 IB!L-'8 W

IIBDLD IDRIII IUSSELL PHILBY, Ill ' I3! - I . ' I

lourlot 3/22/68 and Bulet 8/28/68. The third of a aeriea or articles tron Pni1b7'a aeanirl in returned herewith untranslated. English versions or Iheae aenoira are appearing and consequently it will not be necessary for you to furnish the Bureau with the inch.

ADDENDUM FOR YELLOW 2 This matter coordinated with Supv. Domestic Intelligenee Divisien.

i lnelomu-0

9» .

92 - / q 92 4 xv HPTIONAI. IOI-IND. IO MA! I012IDITION -/ °l_l Ell ill CPI]III-92l.I ,/MemorandumUNITED STATES GQ ELNMENT I. "92 L w

11! DIRECTOR, FBIKl! mm: 3/21/ea

ll LEGAT, PARISt! P! HAROLDRUSSELL ADRIANaka ;HILBY, S jg;§;fESP R - | I

Remylet to Bureau 3/22/68.

Enclosed is the fourth of a series of articles from PHILBY's memoirs which appeared on 3/26/68 in "Le Figaro," a Paris morning daily newspaper. The enclosed article covers the period of the disappearance of BURGESS and MacLEAN from Washington. It states that following this,GEOFFREY PATERSON, MI-5 represen- tative in Washington, received a long telegram from his headquarters, which PHILBY helped him to decipher. PHILBY states that he was in touch with his Soviet contacts in Washington and that they advised him that the disappearance of BURGESS and MacLEAN might mean trouble for PHILBY. He states that they agreed on an escape plan for him in the event of an extreme emergency.

PHILBY states that the disappearance of BURGESS and MacLEAN presented for him two immediate problems. One was disposing of certain equipment which he had hidden in J-_ his residence and the other was to sound out the PB; as to their reaction to the disappearance. The results of the latter could influence his own plans to escape. 1*. I y 1 PHILBY considered the question of disposing of the material at his residence more urgent but decided to do that 9292oi". ' later. The telegram which PATERSON had received furnished a J11 y -J good excuse for him to sound out the FBI without delay. The _92_92_~=.telegram . ended with instructions that Mr. LADD of the FBI 1 1/2 be advised of its contents. PHILBY stated that PATERSON 0 asked him if he wished to accompany PATERSON to contact LADD 0 , _92,92l' U I 'B ~ n T! _g! °L92 .93» <::§j:!é§re;uJGQ#q!t!_1 F - Parigr - Liaiso S tion! [0 APQ1 Ems NWP:eim g:_'.",;;" UM I-any-. ; . H!

Bu! U .3 . SavangrBand: Regularly an thePayroll SavmgsPlan _»- _

KW . 1",. .. .,__ _ , .f* » . ~».

PAR Ml

PATERSON pointed out that LADD might be embarrassed and that it would be better to have two red faces than one, inferring that PHILBY would be embarrassed too. PHILBY stated that LADD accepted the news with a remarkable calmness. -He pointed 1 out that LADD had met BURGESS at his house and had later invited him to his Qwn.hOuée. PHILBY states that after contacting LADD, he and PATERSON returned to the embassy and that he excused himself by stating that he wished to return to his own residence for a M drink. He then took a trowel from his garage and placed it in his briefcase and descended into his cellar. There he wrapped photographic equipment, tripod and accessories in waterproof sacks and put them with the trowel. He said he had often thought of such92an emergency and had previously formulated plans in his own mind. During the course of frequent trips In in his car to Great Falls he had stopped for a half hour between contacts with the FBI and the CIA. He went to this same spot, where he parked his car on the edge of the road in a deserted area, with the Potomic on the left and the woods on the right, and went about 200 meters into the woods where he could not be observed; He then performed his work with the trowel and a few minutes later he returned to his car and went back to his residence, where he worked in the garden with the trowel before eating lunch. -

It is suggested that the Bureau may wish to translate the enclosed article in its entirety for record purposes.

1 Q"! _ 2 _ 92 t3x 92 - Y. l a l I if i l ¬ , ~ up e M

V I-cent. Daria ll U10/I8 m.~..=.¢,ail!-.1 m: } _/92-115 REC-125 % A meow mum! ausssu. mun, aka ~ I1! Phllbj _ ' I8? - I '

Ieurleta 3/27-28/68 torwarding inatallaenta ton, tire and air at Phi1by'aaeuoire which appeared in he Figaro," a Paris morning daily newspaper. lheee articles are returned herewith untranslated inaeuuh ea the aaae articles are appearing in an Iuglieh language version. 92 Iith regard to the aeueirw which will he puhliahed in hook torn in Irane, the Bureau doee wet reel it ia necessary to obtain a copy at that hoot when it ie published aince an Ingliah language verwiea in echeduled to be puhliehed in the 0.8. in I1, 1988.

Inclolurel - I l - Foreign Liaiwon Unit route thru tor re ew! B?IPL:wak¢Ln! 11¢ IE1: Ihilby il the former II-6 agent who defeated 1 I3'Iuaeia and claimed he operated an a Soviet alent tor 30 yeara while working tor the Iritiah. Ie haw prepared hil newirl which will be ubliahed in to anne an the I The weriala running in the no aeeapaperean u.i have not been translated ainee the waae eerialw have been unning in Inglieh newepapera.

I 92 _ 2?. '.'~'j mmmoza 1'., -_ A 92n.992 .. m,_#//" 1/,AP'RI.,01968 , <1 . Z?/51 ~. , /a%§MBI s ,. W, _; .~_. _06*?%9 92. U i -. *0 L U_ 92,lFn92I _ km" _ ' F Y / J1 92 s~__H_A SWRLETYPE UNIT: D J

mtomewu. an: nnloumu no. so |; ,, - ' -A X UNITEDourraumcmsrm '" m-u. 5 LNMENT|~92J Memorandum To = DIRECTOR, F I>A1'E= s/22/as Ft 'LEGAT, PARIS *3 P! I'92 su1%V I HAROLD ADRIAN0PHILBY, RUSSELLaka ESP - R .

// Remylet to Bureau3/19/68. Enclosed for translation by the Bureau is the second extraction from PHILBYs memoirs which appeared 1n "Le Figaro," a Paris morning daily newspaper, on 3/21/68.

1'70 i ;w or M A t W VI v

IA!omovm roan IFII IHHION no. lo - P ' l on mu an an m-u.a _ UNITEDWfgmorandum STATESG ERNMENT A

/':"92 ______92 _ - .__ .__ TO . DIRECTOR, FBl L! mm-:: 3/28/as

LEGAT, PARIS Ii P! I A W Q! mug HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY, aka ESP R _ I:/ ' r I Remylet to Bureau 3/27/68.

Enclosed are installments five and six this is the final installment! of the series of articles appearing in the newspaper "Le Figaro"'from PHILBYs memoirs. These articles appeared on 3/27/68 and 3/28/68. They are being submitted to the Bureau for translation.

A review of these articles reveals nothing of p earticular int re t s o t th B e ureau. A t'r ic 1 ef' ive re al t h' es is recall to England and his resignation from MI-6. Article six relates his eventual assignment to Beirut and finally his to Moscow

B "ig'a<1visec1 on 3/27/as that the proofs of PHILBY's memoirs are in the hands of the Grove Press in the 92 United States, which is publishing the hook, and are probably already available to the Bureau. He states that he is fairly certainintelligence$security that they are already in the hands of services. the British K? biiorts Wlll be made to obtain and review the ~/ book as soon as it appears in French, unless the Bureau advises that it already has this material available. _

VI

H--.... . , r _-1-ix "-*- Q 92, hint ' 1.}

I-run hril ii ling} gg, pg; %llroctor, IBI QIIIIIIIE!

IABOLD IDRIAI IUSSILL PHILBY, lkl IBP - I - _

,h11by" -0.01:: Ian:-1 t in 8/22/68 Irtnciw nu c h one os1 ed second extraction or

lrticlo being returned untranslated as identical articles being carried in Inzlish prpgg,

ADDENDUM FOR YELLOW: 92 This matter coordinated with Supv. * Domestic Intelligence Division.

D? f It q92 : V TU Mf_4 r 11 J .

-nu ' 4 A". I l' ' U1; 1TEDSTATES DEPARTMENTGr JUSTICE K Qxg FEDERAL BUREAUOFINVESTIGATION 'é.,";_F.:3-i" 1,, 3,913,.pk, 34.", WASHINGTON, D.C. 80535 File No. REGISTERED

Date: Kprii 3, 1968

To: Di ctor, FBI :3? From: egat, OttawaH Rue! Subject HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY ESP, - R

Remylet 2-21-68,- x' Enc1osedisone coEy_0f_excerpt§ from subject's book: N Si;eg§_gr," which appeared in the April, 1968, issue of "Mac1ean*S magaz1ne.""

I I I

M, . Pr ___,_ .,_r .. r... If_iiéiii?Pltxmdmjii:ED]I.5__§_9292___HW HET_I ~_"IW_MTW 0 ~ 1 ti

-

llACLBAN'5, uniomtC-92NmAs uwnzmz KIM PHILBYS SILENT WAR < WITH THE WEST i _ L, _.,..-e____p_... 59? ll ;~ . rqrve

Pp. 92 92 - - 5 ., I is "e a é.*';l; t | __._----j-gnai = "p 1.~- ' -''- -;. ¢-.', .-. . G. '3f"_,,.§'- .-.H--...... -_...-_-_---.__.. i-",2 s. .,- _:92:i-vi "-'.92;.- , -» -'92_=i i_,,a-_-_-.------~.-» _---_-._-W - ,- e_ i _ '1~__,:_ _ TL. * t W» -l . i . - _ 92-- - ' Q _ .._ 1 . ' V _,_1 _- ,1!--._ _ . g " 1- ' . .1 _ -. _f '-f;_ ' ,_f~ _--i ..-_ - ,1} I . ..- 3; _=_.._= -' ' - --i I. l . , _ ' ' _ -1 . T L T_ - ' .4_ -' "'",.".~. e Youstill -¢-cansee Ii"-"'1-him, if -'----ls-- - y0ure - -II»lucky, - - 4-: -- -....._'._with -;» strolling fourth - hisan-,...,."mi, __,... .. > i wife in Moscows Red Square: Kim Philby, the Cam- bridge-bred insider who, as an unpaid Russian spy. spent ll years penetrating the heart oi the British and U.S. intelligenceestablishments, andthus becameone of hist0rys most outrageouslysuccessful spies.Since he ed to Moscowin 1963, Philby has been thesubject of an avalanche of journalistic speculation. But this month, in a book called MyS1'lemPhilby War, reveals for the rst time how he becamea Communist spy, how he rose to become head of the Soviet section of the British secret service and later its contact man with the FBI and CIA in Washington.Finally, in the extract that begins overieaf, he tells how-in one of the s greatestespionage coupshehelped fellowspies Guy Burgessand Donald Maclean escapeto Moscow. Ann. I968 I3

92HI _ W t, - i I 92 92 I T, l t_;, 0 s 92 _t_.

92 .

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role for 30 years." Was hispronounced starnrnera result of _ its Ftnsr SERIOUSCRISIS ofmy careerwas longdrawn the constantgrinding, stomach-turrtingstrain of those years? ' out. lasting roughlyfrom themiddle of195! tothe What unsuspectedfanaticism sustainedhis Communistfervor end of I955. Throughout il. I was sustained bythe through the Stalin years of disillusionment. What inner thought that nobody could pin on me any link with strengths. or weaknesses, enabledPhilhy to deceive friends Communist organizations.for the simple reasonthat I had and colleagues,and to live with himself as he set about never bccna memberof arty. The first 30 yearsof my work destroying it society that had been kind to him as only the for the causc inwhich l believed were.from thebeginning. British Upper-ClassEstablishment canbe kind to its own spent underground. This long phase started in Central For those who seel answers to these questions, Phill't_v'sEurope inJune I933;it ended in Lebanon in JanuaryI963. book offersscant materialbeyond thecomment thatas l look Only thanwas I able 10emerge in my truecolors, thecolors over Most-onfrom my stud! windowI can see thesolid foun- of a Soviet intelligence officer. dations of the future I glimpsed at Cambridge." It was then. In casedoubt shouldstill lurk in deviousminds. Iplain in the early 1930:. that he and many of his contemporaries statement ofthe factsis perhapscalled for. In carly manhood. espoused eithersocialism or Communism. I became an accreditedmember ofthe Sovietintelligence Throughout, thehook displaysan astonishingdichotomy; service. I can therefore claimto have been a Sovicl intelli- on the one handPhilltjl describeswith pride his at-hieventents gence officerfor some30-odd years.and will no doubtremain for the British SIS,while on the other he wasa spy dedicated one until death or senile decay lorccsmy retirement. to betraying it. He sneersat the British Establishmenton one In the summer of I949 [having sct up and directed the page, andon the next identifiesand categorizeshis colleagues British SecretIntelligence Service'sSoviet Sectionand been b_92'schools the anduni92'ersities attended. they in chargeof the SIS stationin Turkey] I was offered the SIS But if Philby reveals littleof himself, he doesdangle three representation inthe Unit-edSlates. whereI would bt working fascinating threadsfor studentsof what has cometo be known in liaison with both Central IntelligenceAgency and Federal as Affair, There is. of course, therepeated Bureau ofInvestigation. Theintention wasto upgradethe job hint that there isyet a fourth man »- and a fifth. and more. [pt a significant reason. Thecollaboration betweenCIA and He seemsto believe that he Sl.4f'ftSSflJll_92 thehoodu-inkedSIS at headquarters level though not yet in the field! had SIS into regarding himan aninnocent victimof circum-stances become soclose thatany officer cannarlcad forhigh position in the Burgess-Maclean affair, and that for this reason the in the SIS would need intimateknowledge of the American SIS continuedin use him its a free-lanceagent after he had IDCHE. been forcedby the scandal to leave the service. In fact. it The lure of the American post was irresistible for two seems lilielythe SIS h_92'knew then he was 0 Soviet spy.and reasons. A1one stroke, it would uike me right back into the used himas a pipeline to send falseinformation to Moscow middle of intelligence policy-makingand it would give me a Then there'shis revelation that he did not know Maclean close-up view of the American intelligence organizations. personally and, thatBurgess. thealcoholic homosexual.should These.I was beginning tosuspect. wereof greaterimportance not haveshipped toRussia atthe sametime asMaclean in- from mypoint of view thantheir Britishopposite numbers. deed, in doing so he may have queeredPhilhfs chances of I did not even ihint; ii worth waiting for confirmation from ultimately pulling off the mast stupendousespionage coupin my Snvicicolleagues. Theevent justifiedmy action.No doubt history. Sincethey didn'tknow oneanother. there was nothing was expressedanywhere ofthe unlimited potentialities of my to connect r"hili'tylviaclean's to escapea jump ahead of his ti:-.-: assigttmctlt It --as arranged that l should go for a arrest in 195}. Nothing. that is. except Burgess.the friend London briefing. than sail to America at the ct-icl ofOctober. they both had in common. if Burgess had not disobeyed In London. I found that Air Commodore lack Easlon orders andgone with Macleari. it'slikely no one would ever [assistant chiefof SIS]had thegeneral supervisionof relations have suspectedPhilhy. And since Phillty was a young man betwccn SISand the American services,and it was from him on the way up. Britatrt'.l secretservice mightioda_v havehad that I received most of my instruction. a different chief Kim Philby, Russiansuperspy. My briefing on the counter-espionage sidcnrouscd grave /ls it is, Burgess isnow dead."Phillty is living with Melinda anxiety inmy mind. Joint Anglcvlmcricaninvestigation of Macleanafter enticing her awayfrom her husband, andthey Soviet intelligenceactivity inthe U.S.had yieldedstrong sug- have little oi nothing to do with fellow Westerners inMoscow, gestions that there had been a leakage from the British other than the occasionaldinner with another defectot. AP- Embassyin Washington during the years 1944-45, and parently, theydon'thave muchto do with the Russianseither. another fromthe atomic-energycstablishmcril atLos Alamos. In her book The Spy I Loved, Kit-n'swife. third Eleanor. tells I had no idcas about Los Alamos. but is swift check of the of a dreary existence ina Moscow suburb in which Philhy I The SIS tolhrnvineM16! islb: oneBritish Intelligencegroup authorizedby aften drinkshimself insensihle,and wallowsin ct "sea Ofsad- the governmentin pihei secret tnlarmaliuriabroad byillegal mi-InsAfter an ness." Shesays, in spite of his discipline. l sense in him a IP|'92l'l7|1lCE92I'||PS15 cnunier-intelligence.Portuguese in andEplllll division. Philhy becamebutt irtthe IcySr-vlei seetlminetup Iovvlrd the andat theum profound gloom" Perhapsit was better tobe afellow traveler in keeptrick ofIluniun andCommunist l|'lIr92and niilwenives throughout the than to arrive. worldTwn yestt Inlet hewas postedto Iutkey

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But for the power of Communism, the Old World would now be enslaved. It is a matter of great pride to me that I was invited l- to play my infinitesimal part in building up that power"

16

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KIM PI-lILBYS SILENT WAR it continued i

relevant Foreign Office list left me in little doubt about the amorphous, to be reduced to simple terrris. Liaison with the identity of the source in the British Embassy. FBI alone. if it had been conducted thoroughly, would have A careful study of the files did something to allay my been a full-time job. It was the era of McCarthy in full, evil t immediate fears [for the source's safety]. As SIS was not blast. It was also the era of I-liss. Coplon, Fuchs. Gold. supposed to operate inside the U.S.. investigation of the Greenglass and the brave Rosenbergs not to mention others leakages was in the hands oi the FBI. Cliaracterisiically. they who are still nameless. Liaison with CIA covered an even I had put in an immense amount of work resulting in an im- wider field. ranging from a serious attempt to subvert an East mense amount of waste paper. It had so far occurred neither European regime to such questions as the proper exploitation to them nor to the British that a diplomat was involved, let of German secret documents. ln every question that arose, alone a fairly senior diplomat. Instead. the investigation had the first question was to please one party without offending concentrated on non-diplomatic employees of the embassy. the other. ln addition. I had to work with the Royal Canadian and particularly on those locally recruited: the Sweepers. Mounted Police and with individuals in the Department of cleaners. bottle-washers and the rest A chariady with a Lai- External Affairs who were dicltering with the idea of setting vian grandmother, for instance. would rate a I5-page report up an independent Canadian secret service. crowded with insignificant detail 0f|het'seIf_ her family and Where to begin" As the end of my story chiefly concerns friends. her private life and holiday habits. It was testimony the FBI, I should perhaps concede to CIA the beginning. The to the enormous resources of the FBI, and to the pitiful extent head of the organization when I arrived was Admiral Hillen~ to which those resources were sqpandered. It was enough to ltoetter. an amiable sailor who was soon to give way to Gen- continue me that urgent action would not be necessary, but eral Bedell Smith without leaving much of a marlt on Ameri- that the case would require minute watching. can intelligence history. The two divisions with which l had most to do were the Office of Strategic Operations O50! and the Office of Policy Co-ordination OPCJ. In plain I tutor My rittsr SIEP almost im-English. OSO was the intelligence-gathering division and OPC mediately after entering American territorial waters. An FBI was charged with subversion, representative had come out in the pilot's launch to greet inc. The driving force of O50 at the time Jim Angleton, l gave him a glass of Tio Pepe which he sipped unhappily who had formerly served in London and had earned my respect while we made polite Conversation. I was later to learn that! by openly rejecting the Angtomania that disfigured the young the men of the FBI. with hardly an exception, were proud of face of OSO. their insularity. of having sprung from the grass roots. One Although our discussions ranged over the whole world. of the first senior G-men l met in Washington claimed to have they usually ended. if they did not begin. with France and had a grandpappy who ltept a general store at Horse Creek. Cienriany. had an obsessive fear of Com- Missouri They were. therefore. whisky-drinkers. with beer munism in France. and l was astonished by the way in which for light refreshment By contrast. CIA men aunted cos- Angleton devoured reams of French newspaper material daily. F mopolitan postures. They would disduss absinthe and serve That this was not a private phobia of Ang|eton's became Burgundy above room temperature. This is not just flippancy. clear at a later date when a British proposal for giving French It points to a deep social cleavage between the two organiza- intelligence services limited secret information was firmly trons. wl'iich accounts for at least some of th "' squashed by Bedell Smith in person. He told the flatly that he them. was not prepared to trust a single French official with such ln Washington. my predecessor. Peter Dwyeri. met me information. and explained. over our first Bourbon, that his resignation had nothing to do with my appointment to succeed him. For personal reasons. he had long wanted to settle in . ANGLETON mo FEWER fears about where a congenial government post was awaiting him. The Germany. That country concerned I'lll'E'l chiefly as a base of news of my posting to Washington had simply determined the operations against the Soviet Union and the socialist states of timing of his northward move to Ottawa So we started on a Eastern Europe. CIA had lost no time in taking over the pleat-ant footing. Nothing could exceed the care and astute- anti-Soviet section of the German Ahwehr [part of I-litlers rteys with which he inducted me into Washington politics. secret service]. under Von Gehlen, and Angletori often de- It is not easy to make a coherent picture of my tour of fended, with chapter and verse, the past record and current duty in the United States It was too varied, and often too activities of the Von Gehlen organizations Secret activity of all Itinds. including operations directed against the Gennan I Now nw-tiate ditertrri of lhe Canldii touiietl in Ottawa authorities themselves. were financed by the Germans. as part I The iioiidirinptrternmeni iirinarenttt net-rr did wet uI92 ii secret iierviee at Iueh of the payment for the expenses of occupation. Internal WLUFII! and Ll92tIIllt"C![!ltII92'n|K are handled by the RCMP Apart from Angleton. my / roririnued on page 74

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,, . IHM PHILBY ,4:, -'5~ .. .- ¢~u,.-|,-As... --~ L _ " ".*.--- ea.,-Hi ii ~ _._ -' Hr -_.i- _.---_e,-.;r.- »_r corirtnired frompage 1'7_ F chief O50contact wasBill Harvey. ; THISPYRAMID head ofthe counter-espionageaectton He wasa lormerI-Bl manwhom Hoover hadsacked fordrunkenness its otttv r on dut! The firsttime hedined at my house. he showed that hishabits 50 YEARS OLD , I had remainedunchanged Hetell asleep overthe cofleeand satsnoring genll} untilmidnight whenhis wtle took himaway saying."Come now /'' . Daddy. it:time youwere inbed" As l have alread_92saidt theOffice . /"--r of Polio}Cwordination lOPClwas 92. / also concernedwith subversionon a I worldwide basisits headwas Franl . "tn / 2-K_ ,1 Wtiner.younlzish a forman sorespon- X " -',//eihle alob. baldzngand runningsell- 92. importanili tolat He favored an orrrtund styleof conversationwhich l . /9292 9292 .___ was disconcertingl accompanied a l mission whichhe led lo Londonto 92 ,, dl§C92l!92SIS with matters of common interest Whenthe discussionstouched HELLO! ALLIED? on tssuet.of mternattonal concern. the _9292 . it hi I I ' Foreign Officesent representativesto WE RE MOVING watch theproceedings At one such Wise outto phone Allied asdo 2out ol3 Canadian:on ine move Becausethe noairvrtce and meeting attendedon behalfof the |lCl|lIlE5Cartldl ors No 1 moverstelelirilrecrenast ensure winetrouble-free a on move achadule. Foreign Officeh_92 ToniRumhnld, l Alliachorn nrtrwhale agentsareto anywherethe our moversWhln your tnyoi.move town Allied you I canll-ave conlodancawrrrt oacauaeWtsncr ertpattaicdon one of his favorite themesthe needlot camou- i ConsuttYellow the Pagesunder Movars',lot theAllied agar-itItaaraot you flaging thesource ofsecret lunds ll supplied IOIppirzrills respectable btidlts inwlitcl-i wewere Interested lt is essential." laidWisner inhis usual inltirmalstyle. l secure the _overt co-operattonof people with =.-7%.; Q- conspicuout accessto wealth in their gown right" Riimbold startedscrib- -blingl lookedover hl92shoulder and _ l ALLIED VAN LINESruin whathe hadwritten "People 'VlrlIll CO1'l§|5lCL|accest towealth in '|U92 Ithetr ownrtght = rich people" Target: Albania One in 'My relations with OPCwere more a million acttve thanthose with050. which to-ere confinedmostly tofinding out 1 Our pyramid isa youngone. what theywere upta. S'IDT'1.|_92belcire It is the symbol of NationalSelect- .-_..-_.--.-i -... lnis.is the ct-ime'a byat-:lairriel1eitoerts tny arrivalan Washington. the Ameri- '. for accwatyand unequalledveisatilit, iari and Hritash governmentshad ed Mot-ticians,an organizationol , _.DIn This isthe cameraover onerntiirnn Deople slancticined1n principle I clandestine leading funeraldirectors. Families / '-. use tolake ototessinrialstyle pt-iotngrantr. operation detachto anEa-tt Europeanin morethan 800cities arending l. tr *1 l1'sunique the AsoniBennie douniq fromthe socialistbloc. The @' if dhoice lellon Albaniafor aeveral it a valuable guideto iitdividual reasons wasll thesmallest andweal.- responsibility andconsideration K 92 . Test itin actionHold itHandle Noticelt elst of the soctalivstates It was h-.__ the compactsize smallest sharpest ot tloundedon the southby Cireccc. with throughout theentire funeral9!- all 351-nrnIlll tensreflex can-ieras which Britainand theUnited Statesperience. Youcan recommendthe were alliedand whichwas stilltech- NSM memberin your area with 2 .--"l Choose trorntour suoerbmodels flu-all! atwar withAlbania Iiinorth- l including theoutstanding newSPOTMATIC ern andeastern flUllCl'l~marched with condence. with tiutlt-iri,throughlhe-lerts rrielet.light Gar-eiim Inluruumn Prices star:below S160 Yugoslavia Ourexpertt considered I-uni. nu .P ; quite wronglyII'l my opinion ~ that awtnouryet Asarv Pentaxis more lhl an g:C!DllDf'l8|Marshal Tito.after l'|l'ibreak withthe carriers it's the worldsmost complete atlscilltst hlocwould adopta hands-off J 35rnrn systemThere are24 dilfererrt polii.-92 ttivrardany changes in Ti:-ana Taltumur lensesand over100 versatile We didfllllll} succeedin landing NATIONAL - r iCC2!50rte5. a at-nallpart} onthe Albaniancoast . with instructionsto worlttheir way Sue theone-in-a-million carrier;st iriland. aptout the land. andthen 1 your camerastore today.or send tor a int-we southwardinto GreeceIt was SELECTED i -._- ; tree Colourbrochure hoped thatthe informationthe! gath- eredon the way wouldhelp usin launching moreambitious schemesat MORTICIANS ASAHI Ilaaaa autotraa lllulttatadbrochure to a laterdale Theoperation. course.o1 II! Knit ltrailt- Ottawa.lttarh Maul was hitilefrom thebeginning Our tnliltraton couldachieve lOlTlCll'llllI---.H...-------...--"------...---.------as--4 PENTAX QDDRLSS otllyby penetratinglhe towns.which ITV were rmlyunder Communistcontrol. - 9 IIOV. For baresurvival. theyhad tohide in 35mm carnara an-ll-l COUPONYD errata- the mountains, where theirpresence moving , e--iii... nllvlrltull would havebeen uielulonly if the F llloQIJ'EENBALEHLTD. DO. cokinirt wasseething withrevolt. Subscribers areasked to . J OItan ADvA~Cl -t-|~ at»LIIIPIIII1DIUia'D Klan 92---<:~t,.iti"II Butt-Ina ac ivc 4 weeks notice to M ubscription Dept. Please include old and new addresses and apt. lio.!.

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That. ptfhips win the unspoken at aumptton behind the whole venture. |ust as I1 was assumed more recent]; whenpeople should have known better! that a landing in the Ba; til Pip would set Cuba on flT£t In the end I feta members of the pan; did succeed tn straggling through to Greene. where the; were extrtcated. with tmment-e di|eu|t;. from the Clutch of the Gretel. securtt; luthnrv ties who would have shot them for tuppertce The information Ute; brought 92n92 almost whollg negative It than clear. at least. that the; had nowhere found arms open to welcome lllVlll@ElF%lAlL t them In due course. the operation up quiet]; dropped without having made art; nnuceahle dent on the regime tn Ttrana Political HOS!-PufpsesIlsn. he- deuled Anglo-American plans 01 greater potential importance than the ; The Whi k for Albania venture. for tmlanret pTO]E¢l92 for tht penetration and §l.|tW:r§lDI92 ol the Soviet Union itself Both SIS and CIA had their Balm puppets ta-hose t't92al amhmnnt were usuall; quite tr- recnnctlahle It vtas with some relish that I taalrhctl the struggling factrnm rt-peatedl; fight th:rtt.92tlve92 10 a standpeople who kno . I still On one occasion. the position got an dangerous that Harr; Cant the North European expert tn S15 London headquarters. ua; sent tn 9292a§l-nrtgtnn tn a dptrilt btd to stop the rot Hts Vtstl ended dtsastrousl; with both gn- Carr and h opposite numhers I CIA !92_"I IEI accusing each other quite justiftat-it_92. n1 wholesale lying at the conference ¢7's-_ n t table Disagreement; nver the Ukraine l were even longer drawn out and just ls stulttfytng IMIPERWL From the years helttre the War. SIS had maintained wnlact with Stepan Bandera. a Ukrainian IlIIl{lhIllSI oi marked fascist VIEWL. and the col- laboration had ditvtl-ttpcd since the t war The trouble tam that ljthuugh Barttlera was quite a noise among etttles, ]'tl§ ejatrns to a substantial loliciutng inside the Sovtel Untnrt were never serious!! tested ettcepl tn the negative sense that nothing much ever came of them A lint part;. equipped h; the Brztnh with radtr~ ITIl'|92H'll||tf92 and other clandestine l'I'Dt.'ttn92 of communication. was aent trtlti lhe Uktitfte tn I949. Ind tIlt§ap- peared Twti more parties were sent the Inllnwtng yeat_ and remained tquallt silent Mt.-anwhtlet the Ameri- cam were beginning In nurse aerious dttuhls ahnut Banderak t|selu|Il¢92.< to the Wen which the latlure of the Bflllh-$fK92TNYCd parties to aurfaer Imperial is more than did nothing tn aliat In nrrlrr to re-waive Anglo-Ame:-t=.an an excellent Cana- differences on the Ukratntatt mue. dian whisky. It's a subtle way of expres- Pllilbi I sing thatyou knowthe Great write when you gel work good life. The gracious way to entertain. And a distinguished The mm! bafed and frustrated worn- whisky when you taste it. People who know and appreciate the ln in Slrathrog, Ont, was the houn- ner things, know Imperial. A truly distinguished Canadian whisky. wtle who answered her phone and heard a strange rnale vntae elllltn "Well, I grit here At which point lhe ltne went dead and never rang again all morning HIRAM WALKER tl SONS LIMITED. DISTILLERS OF FINE WHISKIES FDR OVER IN! YEARS. Parade pays SS to S10 tor true lI'tlC' utes Addreas Parade eta Mleturrs. _ .aPl1L. 196$

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KIM PHILBY continued sonal lives of millions of his lelltwt- countrymen. This has long boen coni- FBI files, says Phiiby, have their uses: to silence critics mon lintiwledge. and it has brought CIA pressed Ior a Iull-scale confer Hoover rich dividends from the purse not catch Macleari or Burgess. he did me It ever there was a bubttle reputa- of the American taxpayer. There are enoe with SIS. which ii-as duli held in not catch Fuehi. and he would not tion. 1| is Hoover's. i lxsndcin in April 195} Rather lo rrtji have caught the rest if the British leis Pggplr Ill the iivorld without surprise. the British stood firm. and But Hoover is a great politician skeletons in their cupboards which had not caught Fuchs and worked HIS blsriltet methods at-id ruthlessthey would preier to remain decently flatls relused to jettison Biinderii The brilltaritli on his tangled emotions authoritarianism are ihe wrong weap- i best that could be agreed. with un- he did not catch Lorisitale. he did not forgotten. The overt reicord shows that ¢l92|'lCIIlEd ill temper on the American ons for the subtle world of intelltaericea distressing number of Anierican catch Abel lot years. and then only But the} have other uses They enable oongressmen have pasts that do not side. was that ihe situation would be because be was delivered up lo hirn Hoover to otillect and file away a vast reeitamti-ied at the end of the 195i on a platter. he did not even catch bear minute scrutiny Arid what about parachute-dropping season. by which amount of infomiaiion about the per- the covert record held by Hoover" time ll has hoped. more {acts would he a92'iiilal'ile Within a month. the British had dropped three sis-r-nan PITIICS the aircraft taking till from l Cyprus One parry 92sa.s dropped mid- utas hetvieeri Lwttii and Iarnopol. i inotlier near the headwaters ol the Pruitt. not far l'rcin-i K0lOl'Itl_923. and I third just inside the borders of Poland. t neat the source of the San In order l in avoid the dangers of overiapping and duplication. the British and Arn- l ericarit exchanged precise inlorrriation Ihttttt the titntnit and geographical co- nrdtt-iate~ of their operations 1 do not t. kncivi uhat happened I0 the ]!liI'l|Q92 concerned But I can rnalte an lI1- E uropeis much better lormcd [Utes .iGS at Some eight years later. I read oi 3 . the mysterious murder ol Bandera HI Munich in ihe American zone oi a t. German! it rrta_92 be that despite the t hrave stand of the British in his de- tl Icnse. CIA had the lut word I. -..9292 l Ti-te rat was in sorry shape when I 1.1 - '-'f' reached Washington It had caught a Tartar in the small person of Judith 5;?" s ml '-,p.-._2.-5-...g;-3. .3 Fnplon. a brilliant young woman em- l ployed in the Deplment of Justice. against wiictm they were lI'_VIl'92§I to bring htirne espionage charges When the evidence against her obtained tarpelt ht illegal telephone-tapping. had hardened sufficientli In iuslih her arrest. Htinver sanctioned the neces- aar} action and Copion UrI!~ pulled in She was caught passing docurrientt tn a cm-itact. and the case against her .= seemed open and shirt. But in their haste the FBI had neglected to take out a warrant lot her arrest. which Vtis lhereltire tn iuell illegal The illegtiiiri of the arrest was duli lambasted in ¬Ot:Il. bur worse was to itillou C'npltin though caught red- handed. wai resolved tn [t||-it to the end She went over to the CDurtl¬r- attack and began harrying the FBI W|l'm'Rsr'~ She tied them in such |sI1f92l92 that ihei admitted to tapping tint only her teiephtirie hut leleirihtinet III the he'adqt.iarter92 or the United NlliOD92 Thr mutt i-iriiceetlrtigi hegan In dam~ age the 1-iuhlic image oi the FD? I0 severely that Htvtiver ll'liI{92I'I|il1El'l!l} dropped the charges It wits charac- remiit of hit-n that he reacted to the fiat-ctt hi finding n scapegoat Howard Fletcher. the principal FBI witness at the irsal. WI! fired But Copiun went free ll 9292'.l'i the triumph of a brave IUITIHH The failure Of the FBI in the Copion case iitas hi i-in means unique. or even unusual I cannot speak of the record til the FBI in checking crime in the Untied Stziei With that side of its activities l hiid nothing lo do. But I had a great deal to dri with iii. fin» c - counter-espionage work. and its record in that field was more consriiciious ltir failure than [oi success Hoover did i -I '18

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._. -- -~~--5 Q9-J; s-._. .- The mere eaisietice of the huge FBl the officials eonoerned were Ledd. It was DWye'rt last direct service to ling system has deterred rnatig from Ltshman. who was then head of the SIS that. by a brilliant piece of minty- -'--are attacking Hoovers totalitarian empire ariti-Commuriisr section and Bob sis of the known movements of the A sluggish trickle of informationLampier. | nice. pudding! !!!!!92!! of two P: ccttrli.-steel; eliminatedFuchs not only confessed liii own p.iri lh-Out the British Embassy lealtage Ohio who was responsible for the I-eierls Thereafter. the finger pointed in the business. but also ideniifieil continued to teach us Apart tom detailed analysis of the use on the ttnwaveringl! at Fuchs. from photographs. his oontact tn thc Dwyer. who mat won to leave. three American side We were r-till far from 5|-iorili after Dwyer had identifiedUnited States. From memhers of the British Embassy stall identifying the source in the embassy.him as lhe Los Alamo; source. Fuchs Gold. who was also in tallalrve mood had access to the material Geoffrey but during the winter of I949-SD the net nil for England on a routine vitit the chain led inertorahly to the Rltcr Paterson. the M15 representative in nei began in Close round the Lios He was iii-rested on arrival and passed berg: who were duly elet-irocutetl. Ii Washington. mytelf and Bohh! Mac- Alamnr source The choice seemed in to John Sltardon. of MES. for interro- is worth mentioning that Eiscnhiivicr kcnzie the ernbats} Sccurif! Officer. Ire between two scientists of great div gation Skardoti succeeded in wit-it-tingexplained his refusal to reprieve Ltliel an old uolleague of mine In the FBI. uriction. Dr Peierli and Dr Fuchs. his confidence to auch an extent that Rosenberg on the [rounds that. if ht: did the Russaaris it-i future would tit: uni! women as spies. Ir was an iltli rude 92v0rth_92' of the most pedestrian of United States presidents Broodirig castles on the Rhine. Intimate Air Canada makes it easier to experience that-ri than In the summer of I950 I I¢C¬|92IJ EVenings in a romantic Parrgcafé Hours you might imagine. With Our low Economy EIC.urS|Dn a letter from Gut Burgess "I haw: a spent caught up in the vital and exhilarating fares. "Fly Now-Pay Later" tilan and more. Eurooe shock for you. he began "I ]92Z|92[ atmosphere of oeaiiriiui Copenhagen. is even nearer...even more accessible than ever iusi been posted to 92ll-'ashmgiciri" He Your llfSl glimpse or a picture-postcard suggested that I should put hint uf ltil Montreal.lParis return, for example. is as little as I ft-it days until he found a flat lt92! harbour in Sardinia Happy days in 5335. Winnipeg/ return as ltttle as $492. himself This posed a prtsi-iierri In Lcridontown Arid any one oi Air Canada's other European gateways normal circumstances, it would hate including London, Shannon. Glasgow, Vienna. Zurich. been qirrte wrong for two secret op- eratives to oer.-upy the same premise-~ i memory than a dream! Copenhagen or Moscow can be yours, too. for lam But 1he.circumstartcies were not nur- ._92 I than you might think ri-ial From the earliest d892§ nir- These are the things dreams are made of .. careers had intertwined He hat: and memories, too. when yOl.l let dreams Isn't it time vou changed vDur dreams to reality? The collected money for me at Carnhritlgt coupon below can help bring about the change. Fill it after the revolt of the Aii92 - fr"! ;i=.»- '-;» magi Z; ¢a_".. ,_, ~...<'-investigation of either oi us would '_"i'II{ I reveal these past links It seemed that -i Hi. a<-='-" there could be no real PYOfE§§l[I|di .- obiectiori to liirii ttaytng with rnc Ii. The starch for "limiter" Burgess} arrival raised an issue thar -G34 _ _ _ _ _ 1 could not decide hi myself Slitiultl . __.;i-:.', - he Or should he not he lei into the . p _ "' -Ia-._. aecrel of the British Ernbatst source . . - ,, __ . ..'l 92 1 Which was attll under investigation .-- . --Mir - The dctisiort to initiate him was takt-n§ rt'- * 4;, ' after I had triad: two iene 11't[r920l' tripsl 92r._ at 7 - * "'_1-hi, _ awn, -. -_ri ll .-.r,. to points outside Washington I 92lia92 ~» ..r -. told thy Soviet agemsi that the trial-l . I ' '- ance of opinron was that tit;s special 1. , . knowledge of the problem rt-tight he 1". _.f"_ helpful I therefore too}. G92l92 firllt 9; . - i V __.,. | xii intci our confidence. briefing I-iini in the greatest detail. arid the tuhit-ci I ;??' i '92-Q?-x remained under Constant discimrtin -- l - K; betwr-tn us My difficulty was that I ~ir kl r '5~.?'i ' 92 ', _ bad onlt at.-en Donald Maciean ithe ._ "1 '-_. I in big on memories. leal~"l twice. and brieflt. in 14 years . i» ' I had no idea Where he lived. hcivi he AIR CANADA. P.O Box 598. Montreal 3, P.Cl. lived. or indeed anything at all about Please send me your free European Holiday Kit to that his circumstances But it is nou time lcarr sea how easy it would be to acquire a few European to iurri to the case. to Ilplai iinu ii memories of my own. stood. and the problems it involved The development of the affair hits #2" giving me deep unlit!! Ii uat |92El~t.'t by irriponderlhles. the assessment of B'E5.. _ , which could be little better than guess- worlti WI had received some dlrn CITY DID:/i Vi reports referring to the source, whi- appeared in the documents under [hr rviv Tlavtt Aciiut IS Homer. but little pYfl'i:9292 had been made toward ideriiifting him Tht- FBI was ttilt sending us reams about the embassy eharladiei. i and the triquary into our menial personnel was spinning itself out end in-. lettlg To me. this remains the mo; i?'iTi.. irtexplicahle fnture of the whrii continued an pain Hr C--.-Ii 77

so r i~.. i I_ TY p -- iii I "- > _ _l_ It ke. _ it .

. r l ,.-_-- g KIM PHILBY continued How'd they get Burgess out? Three traffic tickets did it lair. There was alread that the Foreign Office hadheen pene- trated Both krivitskt an {Soviet delectors} had saidit evidence was. of old comrade Some readers. prisoners But there were two further ool'npli- course. nothing to suggestof preiuciiee. may find this hard to cations 1 had been sent to the United that the three sources referred d VO]ltO92"'to the swalloti I do not ask them to do so. same man There is stilt no basis for Slates for a two-year tour of duty. and so. There But the! cannot blame me if they I oould therefore expect to be replaced that supposition But if the assump-auffer unpleasant shocks rt-i future taori hail in the autumn of I951. 1 had no idea @- been made. if in eases Second. it was desirable that what en! next posting would be. it was anxious to get bacli. to Elrglat-id. the KTIVIIS1! material had Mselean should stat in his post as Bod in relation to the could easily have heeti Cairo or Singa- In somebody: mind - l do not long as possible Alter his departure.pore. far out of touch with the Mac- know whose the two ideas merged Washtngton leak, a search particularV it was said blIi'Iil§ that he was "only" lean case Groping in partial darltrtessBurgess? return to London and the among the diplomats be-en slud- head of the American Department of would have started without 1 es we i.-.-ere. it seemed safest to get rescue of ..92-luleao lf Burgess se- lost of urn: turned to London from the British Embassy in Washington. it seemed even before l 'a-92 the scene perhaps natural that he should eall on the head But another appeared feature onof of the American Department. He 92 the case would be well placed to net the ball 15 rolling for the rescue operation it puzzlingwiss even more Ial would have been possible for him to F must Confess have resigned it-i Washington. and I0 haveeniri_t-ed I great ~EZ_§r.t>? ' returned to London without hiss. But athantage in that ] was r..- r i it might have looked it bit halt -it 1'-1-r "' -_ '1-" linema-.-i;-. ~ .,~|.,l' -17" voluntarily shortly belore ._ - volved But even discount- ''-hug _ . -.,eietis-ia-- .. " '_'_ ;at_-ioe-iiaiiiiisa-i- _i-.--,-,,_-~ __-3 the disappearance of Misc- mg that adtantage. it ?"t-at-i-vi--.',' . =-*¬;-=;»-:t._i*-.-=- - ' ' lcan. Matters had to he seemed tn rne quite oh- ' - 1e..- _ ao arranged that he 92hi192 nous ii-om the nature of ae1-it lnck_ willy-nilli It the iepcirts that we were was the sort of protect l not dealing with the petty in which Burgess delight- agent El'll{92l!'lf}_[! a I at e ed. and he brought it ott paper hasten and snatch- in the simplest possible ing the odd carbon. Some was Three times in One of the :|ep0rL92 dealt with day be was booked for political problems ol some Hollandia -the Dutch i_ speeding it-i the State of CO]'l'l_[92lPXI|_92 There could Virginia. and the governor be no real dnuht that we I thats kind reacted just as we had i were dealingwith a mart hoped. He sent a furious of statureThe reluctartct protest to the State De- to ittitiati inquiries along I ~ In-92-1! . ii--Q-, partment against this a- these linet can only he to every grant abuse of diplomatic attributedto a genuine privilege. which was then mental hlocl.which stutt- :"1_:sT. brought to the attention of bornlt resisted thc belief the ambassador Within a that res,-ccii:-dmembers of .._~ ,..,. .;.i-_.,.-- . feta days. Burless was re- lht Estahlishrnent could ."| i. gretfullp infori-ned that l-ii; do such things The exist- -Odadli would have to leave ence of sucha hlocl was As soon as the possibil- arrii-ilt borneout h_t' the -bquart.-.1-Q-» ity of Burgeu helping in i J COI'lllTlClflC'92that lol- J ...Ie the rescue operation _ lowed thedisappearance of 1 emerged from our dl5CLt§- Maclur.and Burgess non. |:re.at attention was and forthat matter, my -s.-.-1 r ,-i .a-"- paid to my own position own Explanations of eit t Despite all precautions. lTi "dlI.l3l'§$lllll'lCL.92 were Bu.-eess might be seen with offered I n preference to Macleari. and inquiry into the Ol9292t!Ol.|92 simple truth his lCll92i'll! might lead to Yet I ltriel quite well doubts about me. There that thithizarre situation l2l'I1ed VEQ little that could notgo on for ever. could be done about ll. but Once inti-estigation of the it occurred to me that l 92lI|I92IllIlIl'92 mi-.i,_.....slaiieu. __, . ii '-"ui.iioA I! oould help tn divert sus- CCi'll|'ll}yield the right picion by making a posi- answer. sooner or later tive oontribulion to the The I qi-eat tiestion was. solution of the British Em- Hots soon Hotii late bassy case Hitherto. l had FromdliCLI!!lOll with lain lots. letting lh: FBI en! friend92 at meetings out- . and M15 do what they lide Wasltitiititin. two main . . could Noiii that the rescue points emerired First. ll was essential plan was lalting shape. there was no reason why - in rescue Maclean before the net the Foreign Office. and thus had little closed onhim That W.i92 accepted as .?!.{- ' !' should ml it-re the in- access to high-grade information. But vestigation a nudge in the - an axiom hit: question was raised it la nonsense to iup[92¬I~e that a reac- l about hisfuture potential to the Soviet ?" right direction _ Union inthe event of his escape. It ltite and experienced operator occupy- Vqtn Itnwn and other iiabas' To that end. I wrote rt ing 1 senior post in the Foreign Office Ivlahle SI! pi-eltsgm db It memorandum to Head Of- via92 quit: enough that ht: Wu an can have access only to the papers ovary pouch or l-ttalletia Ihoolar fice. suggesting that we I GeneralKrivitslyra led AA:eei7y_tnteIli-that are placed on his desk in the I might be wasting our time aence eiffioer defected to the West iti N17 . .W!otI e hoe! celled 3 Chose Fire Ofdllf! course of duty l have die of l95l in exhaustive tnvestig.i- drim IndIaieiwhen living in the U.5.. already shown that l gained access to tiions of the embass! mt- l t minimitiedsuit-ide Vollm W|92 a Russianthe {ties of British agents it-i the Soviet Mecleeri ewe riiiis l recalled the statements of 1 agent who tried in detect to the West. Union when I was supposed to be ll the latest The secon complication at I Philh! handled the ease Volaciv never | rivttalti'In the best of my altillll , made it. chivvying Germans in Spain In short. lrcise from Bi.irItss'i position He from memory. He had said that thi- our duli it to [cl Maclean to salety, was erttphalicall} not at home in Soviet intelligence for Western Europe but not heft-ire it tit-at necessary. the Foreign Office. lor which he had had recnaiied lh the middle thirties I0 neither the right temperiiriieril nor the a young man who had gone tritci the right personalitt He had heen thirilt- Foreigri Office He was of good lant- I ing for some time of getting out. and ll!'. and had been educated at Eton I had one or two iroi-is in the fire in and Oxford He Wes en idealist. l Fleet Street As a result, his wnrlt working without payment. I suggested for the Foreign Office had suffered.that these data, such as they were. so much so lhal it Ionlted like a close should be matched against the records thing bctueen resignation and dis- of diplomats stationed in Washington missal from his pcrat. ln any case. he between the relevant dates in I944-45 MACLLIN 1"?-s i 9292§fg;92 -i__,_.p H "A I

t Q I I .

. 92 K _ 1 .' , 0 I

of the known leakages. I received I Was Macleari in the hag Had Mac- geit has gone with him " At that, my l':pI§ from London. assuring me that Ieari got away" I was itching to rush consternation was no pretense. clear that the departure Of Burgess that aspect had been very much in around to the errtbassi and lend a gave rise to an tlltgehl?! Bin Mas their minds " Hui there was no evi- third hand to the telegram But ii was it an extreme emergency? I had to Buncesss nenrruitt with Macleaii put aside the clecilion tor a fevi hours. dence on file that anylhintt had been clearly wiser in titiclt to mi usual rou- faced me with I fatelul decision done about ii. arid the speed. the di~- Ime as if nothing had happened When From the urliesi discussions at Mac- in order to deal with two immediate ooricerting speed. of later develop- I reached the emhasst. I ii-ent straight Problems One was to get rid of cere ments sllgted that the idea must to Paterson's oice He looted grey iean's escape. mt Soviet Colletigueilain compromising equipment hidi.li.-n have been ICIITIVII} neiii had been mindful that somethingll'l my house The other was ltt get "Kim." he said tn a hall-whisper. the might go wrong and put me in danger Burgess packed up and left We hard has own." I registered dawning the teeliiig of the FBI. time that Tn meet such a PDl$lI92IIlT!, we had might affect the details of my escape dined together on his last evening in I horror I he-pet What bird" Not elaborated an escape plan for tn!-sell. Chtriexe restaurant iiihere each booth MIc|ean"" "Yes." he answered "But to he piit lli efleci at my dascretmn When Paterson and I got hacl. lti had "personalized music" which helped there's worse than that . . . Ga-,92 Bin- the emhass} fromFBI headquarlersi. drtw-ri our voices We went over the in ease of extreme emergency. It was it nus already past noon. and I could plan step Ii! step He was to meet 1 Sm-iei etintaci on arrival in London and give him a lull briefing He was then Iii i:a1I on Mlclean at hr92 oice armed NIIII a sheet of paper giving Great Ontario the time and place ol rendezvous which he vitiultl slip acrrm the desk Adventure Vacations He would then meet Maclean and pill him Ittll_92 in the picture From then lI the matter 9292ri92 out of my hands Barge did not loot too happy and I mus! hair had tin iriklint: oi what v-in on his mind When I drove him to the station nest morning my last words. spoken only hiIIr]OCl-IIIFI!, were. "Dori: you go. too" eritage Odd man out Highways M15 92~eit- tut-Ling tor the odd man out, the man iiihti Conformed least to Take your family on a pattern ll 92-at intelligent procedure tourney through time on a and it led them to put M¢lIIEitl'l at the top of the |i

.__N J

-.,.___ ...... _._.. . ,, ,, .. .. . _ . . . . If . J. , . 92 . _ ,4 , i .

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KIM PHILIY continued with the Lrovvel helore going in to lunch. As tar as inanimate objects A bundle was buried in the woods. "Now |d have to lie low" were wnoemed, 1 was clean as a whistle. plausil-iii tell him that I was going and had lain the huts for it It had he- and a wood on the right where the home for a still drink In my garage- My decision was to stat put I vias c-orne mt frequent hahir.tu drive out undergrowth was high and dense guided ii! the consideration that. cum-pctttieig-shed I slipped a trowel to Great Falis to spend a peaceful enough for concealment I doubled into I'l'92_92 briefcase. and then went down half hour between hours ol CIA-FBI Unless my chances of survival were to the basement 1 ts-rapped camera. haci a couple of hundred yards minimal, my clear duty was to fight liaison. and on the we} I had marked through the bushes and got to work it out. There was little doubt that l tripod and ICCBSMJIIES into uaterprooi down a apot suitahie Ioi the action with the trowel. A fevi minutes later containers. and bundled them in after would have to lie low for a time. and that had new become I92eOcssat'! I l re-emerged from the wood doing up that the time might be prolonged and the trowel i had often rehearsed the parked the Qr on a deserted stretch my fl} buttons and drove back borne. necessart action in the miners eye. would sureli be trying But. at the of road with the Potomac on the leh where I fiddledaround in the garden end of it there Iruglit well be oppor- luntt! of further service The event I-as to prove me right. The problem resolved itaell into assessment of my chances of survival. and I Judged them to be considerably better than even It must be borne in mind that 1 enjoyed an el'iOTmou'~ When did you last hear the news advantage over people like Fuchs who had little or no knowledge of intelli- gene: work For my part. I had worked for ll years tn the secret service. For seven of them l had been live from Calcutta? In fl|I'l}' senior position. and for eight I had worked in closest collaboration Oi Beirut Capetown. Mel- AM for drift-free reception. eels you up for an outside antenna with M15. For nearly two years l had bourne. Panasonic invites you to A total of thirty solid state de- as well. so you can hnng in dis- been intimately linked to the Ameri- lune into ttie whole world with vioes. plus integrated circuitry, tant FM stations. , can services. and had been in desultort "The Voyager. This long range reect the advanced Panasonic "The Voyager" features ulried relationship with them Ior another portable radio puts you in direct itechnologi that has gone into RFstage for FM and AM. ]ts eight. I Ie!I that I knevt the enemy touch with what's happeningmaking this one of the most eit- AC or batter! operated, comes I-ell enough to foresee in general Everywhere cittng radios ever built. complete with ii raft ofetitras, like terms the moves he was likely lo make. Just turn the unique Roto- For example, The Voyager" Magic Meter, time conversion I knew his files his basic armament Dial, and you're there The bull- is ti great sailor, too I1 has a table, handsome snap-shut cover and. above all. the limitations im~ ftghl in Madrid is as real as riots powerful Marine Band that's a and jacks for recording. posed on his procedures h_92 llll and withtlic ltfilllnll! matched sound real lifesaver for picking up storm What it you get bored with the oorivention It was also evident that of two hi-ft dynamic speakerswarnings. and other important world sometimes? Just sit back there must be many peopie II1 high The concert in Vienna is a daz- broadcasts and admire the futuristic styling position in London who would wish zling success with exclusive sepa- FM bus take note heres a of the Panasonic "Voyager" very much to see my innocence estab- rate bass and treble writ: controls high delity sound that's right What ii way to travel? Take on lished The! would be inclined to give And_1i.istsoBoiselt1ahodoesntout of this world Sure there's a this week, from your Panasonic rne the benefit of any doubt going muscle in on Cairn Egypt. Pana- built-in FM antenna for razor- Dealer's. Model RF -301!! AC and it was my business to nee that sonic provides you with AFC on sharp reception, but Panasonic the room for doulit was spacious Suggested List Price $269.95. What evidence. to my knowledge oould be brought against me" There were the earl} leilt-Wing asso- ciations tn Cambridge The} were widely known, an there was no point in concealing them But I had never joined the Communist Part; tn Eng- land. and it would sure!! he difficult to prove 18 years after the event that l had worked illegal]; in Austria Qiptdltll} in vievi of the aickening fact that most oi my Vienna friends were undouhlediy dead There was the nasri little sentence in [Soviet Detector] Kriviukvk evidence that the Soviet secret aervide had aeni a young English _|092.|I'fIIl|!l' to Spain during the civil war But there were no further identifying particulars. and man! young men from Fleet Street had gone to Spain There was the awkward tact that Burgess had got me into the secret aervice in the first piaoe I had already decided lo cir-

ni Miiacmr, wftere lie seer of the future I gliirrpsed when I became I C'0irimuniisr",' and when nah wav .trnti'on.i are like pastures and lliere'| n housing shortage. 92l92Cl-IAN!

/ , , F 1*-92 =-/ .» a ~ ~ ti . i r . t I . 92 -- ' I

a

cumvent thatone by giving the name Ill appearances.I thought. my Qhances of a WEI]-ktttnnlady whoinight have was tobe puzzledti! PresidentKen- from Londonsaying thatit was were |ood nedy; mistakein taking him serious!! understood" thatI knew Burgess per- been responsibletor mg recruitment It wasan FBIcase, andI could not over the Bay ofPigs. It would have beendiesperatelt dtacuss intricaciesits withCIA W!IIt~ sonally. couldI Lhrois any lighton difficult. ct course. ifthe SCCLITII! The nextteu daysdragged. ex-I his behavior?But theone Iwas es- oiit runningthe rial. at irrirattng perienced somernild social embarrass-pectirig wasa rncist immediate. per- service hadbeen ableto chenlithe Hoover andhis assistantdirectnr. both ment whenthe newslot defectionby files I had drawnduring miservice of whoml 9292'l.92 anxious sootheto 5-rt sctnal. decipher-yourselftelegram front at headquarters.since thatwould have Burgess andMaelt.-an] brokewith all the Chiefsummoning me home At I connedm_92 talkswith CIAofficials the caretreeembellishment theof last thesummons came.but ii tool proved thatIT!! ITIICTCSI!had roamed I-D thenvert detailsof thecase which popular pressOne ol the snooiier of liar andwide beyondms teyittrnate became knownthrough thepress. a most curious. lhught-ptO92tOLlng duties M3only possibledetense. that the embassywives gaveme a|Iar.-ta] lorm Ari intelligence oftictalspecial- somewhat lateand morethan some- stare atone ot the ambassadors gar-izing l|'lthe tabrieaiton oi deceptiuii I was pitssionatelt interestedtn the what inaccurateI had no tearof the den partiesBut Londonremained service torits ownsake wouldhave bumbling AllenDulles: yearslater I maiertal evtinto Washingtonon t'On- carried littleconviction ButI keieii ominously silentOne telegramarrived tine businessHe paidme a c-out-test that theli"l[92 werePEFlOdlEiI|_92 de- stroyed. andthought itvery Llnltltlt that the! would havesurvived the hnltvcausiot unwanted paper thattoo}. place alterthe warThere werealso the numberzit caseswhich I had handled suchas the 92oIt.n92 else. which hadgone wrongtnr ftasinns WHEN Y URE which hadnever beenesiahlrshied with certainty Butever! onewas suaccpe tihletn explanationwithout reference to m!'92ell.and there were twtiimpor- iani casesthnse ofMas andFuchs which. despitemt bestellnrts. had gone rightaritl resultedin success lrir RUNNING A the Britishand Americanintelligence services. The reallsdifficult prohlemwas tn l I explain a92na92mi relations with Bur- gess Ishared vei-i-ten of ]1l§ tastes. very feuot his friends. andteu oi USINESS his intellectualinterests Theessential bond betweenLls v-as of ctiurst.politi- cal. andthat mata point that hailtn be blurred to thebest ofmi ahilm Chain oisuspicion l VEN A 5¢ STAMP Another difftculitwas theactual ciiurv:ot mt career Themore cun-I sidered iithe lessI liked it There is-ere theknown left-wingatmcratitim at Cambridgeand suspected oni- HAS TO ORK munttl attrvit92tn Vienna.then the complete hi-eat.viiih myCommunist friends inEngland. folloviedall tuii closet} I-i_92cultivation olNazis tn London andBe-rlm thenthe choice tot all piticesi ofFranco Spainin FOR OU. which t:~carve outit tuurnaltstic career thenthe l!|tT§into thesecret aerticr withBurgess"-i helpand mt emergencethe tn serviceas Inexpert on anti-Sm-iet and antl-Communist wnrl. andftnalls rt1_92foreltnowIci.lgt- at the action to betaken a|iatnsil Tm; Sic itamnwas piiritea Maeleaii andthe |aiier'sescape It The pm-|ey_Bowe5mete, by a Pttney-Bonespostage meter. was anuglt pictureI waslaced with even prints oostaEe with the Y9" F-B" Bil ""9 '0' the inewapahleconclusion thatI could 5 t i your very ownlt s Me having not hiipeto provemt tnnucerice on 59:5?-Davg: Igu, your ownpost O"tcB_Use a Pttney-Bowes Dostage That conclusiondid notdepress me DITBEIP60039- £8! meter gridyour mailwill loctli55 big unduly Astrong presumptionol my and orotesstonaias mail guilt niighibe good enough [titan from anybusiness Canada. in intelligence otltceiBut tl was not AnotherThinkyour a thingPttrieyowes ot tongue.It;_,_ - _ _ L92.l' 1 ,- -. enough fora lawyer What heneeded was evidenceThe chainof ClI'CLllTl'I issiealtnemailingenvelooesasrt |7'IBChII'lQcan do F. -_l 0 '*nwl. _ § E tlantial evidencethat mighthe hroutzht prints yourpostage _ ,9 ti ~ ' m ~ - PI 0"vi D J DOn't overpay. against rnevtatx uneumfortat-it!time Print onlythe enactpostage But. atI examinedeach singlelink Yourad here. On every you needwhen you 0! thechain. l thought I couldbreak Diem mitetll milVD" "1Il'-Because eveenvelope s dated, need itYoult never have it; andit ever!tint was hrokcn singly. your owntime Qdvertiggmgntameiwrgnd Daslmahkedvto usetwo stamps5c what remainedot the chain Despite I5 Drinted.so yDu can ororriotemeteiect etieiimail goesmiouah °" " 5°"'1" I'll-ll whilebulnlss the post officetaster. His SovietKUIEIIOYN Fhtlhi ierii ltt you conductyour business. 5|-iisinapt tu on ieneral tianeris[otte- during ihrcivil warWhile there.Tiir Tti-net engagedhim as its 92'.f92rfI92p

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1' call duringwhich he handed me a letter fromJack Elston.The letter wasin Bstoni own handwriting.and l Green l informedme that l wO92.|ld aheirtly be receivinga teiegrai-n recalling me - Ill nntbs to Londonin connectionwith the 1 Burgess-Miicli-an cuesit was very lali! important thatI should ohe_92 call the prompitt. Whilethe aenie of the . 'e.,.:-_;_ ____~_V*- '._l "_;1. a . - .. communication clearIII! enough.its 1 f='.=..= .§,;,_;;'${i?:=-... .».;;. form haffledme Whi should Easionl } p....,..=,_ _.,.,,,. . T .."-f*---- - warnme oi the impendingsummons i and whyin lit!own h3|'idU~lllll'i@if the ? . . order wasto reachthe throughthe .. . _~=.-,;-I-;f'.' - - Y" '""?-".. .' '.?..' nOt'ma| teiegrlphirchannels anyway? There oftenIS a good rtlsn iureccen- ii. .-5! 1* tric behaviorin the secret ICTVJCC. 5...-?'__- .1?_ _ ._ i1-'.-j -'..f'._.E.~ =;:5.5= Ind there may have beenone inlltls REACH r can My reection atthe timewas 92 .§+.:2 that ti l had l'll alreadtretetted the _ -I _, .,'.=_d:.--F . _ . 1-='..§.=1.__ . » . --~ .- F-jivif idea ofescape E.astletter ins would 5HEFtlDAN'S1958 ARUU iii] =5e . 1*-. . -.-t. '..--.,.".rr~-="t~. have givenme thesignal toget moving 11.-:1' " ~ WIQ with alldeliberate speed. GARDEN CATALOGUE iS HERE! [In thr rvertr, Piiilbididrir rim-pr -[HE Hr returned[U Britainr¢- brazenhi. Canadai largest 116 page: V <.;E;__|..?..; writ iilrrrrue-iiiii iiudrriai inquirt. i... In lullcolour tilting morethan - .__"1. I' V. .- -1.1. I200 variatinct evergreens, 4 .. . - ,l.ir-red rrii',i,».-iiiriri.-ifrom rlirSIS and owering shrub: roses. a full-drrit parliaiirrnrart deiiarr.M perennialstrun.t:iii.i| and idlesto mi.-irli therim-i .F |V i,P|'lSecret.-iri. iillp voui garden boluritulall Harold M'i:irrrii'.Ili;irisaid Phiifihtfind yla. round Write tniyour FREEconi citthis For JII_92e.|r92 Chrisnnri 'l|i|dren'¢ hai aluibeen Fund reoelting out lo dart.-'ii-oi-ll his lJII.IFJfIlHOI|i'i'_92and meet rhitrtmrnduw |ieed-oi helpless. abandoned Ietlitutii.-lieireii ahh ii-ii.-rh.:0 liar J .||'went, WIJ. wondlriur glider-ibook today around lhinrii-let I-.92er_92ting urgent ieqiucu anrereivi-6 Ii-oinaorill Flu pmhai irurrand thatthere wasno workers admitin [Ilenekiddii-92 our Ii. morethan 700Homes and at-hon! riidi-rirr he.iin.n iieimirdthe roimrri. |!FlI}!l1! 92'i-iii.loo. lIIlhelp theirchildren ii-iigedirit tr.a nevi beginning n-- prontdn_92'n'a92 -Iinni dfk Herr he Iile. rt.'a_92-rdinm-e.tr intermittentin Phiihi SHERIDAN CU . . . Yolllrdety but Lr-rdBeaii-r.'ir.-ril Express. Daiti The Fat1:.a92.i*l9:U92 attan ihdbltha Fiinling Babiek Home.H011: hlllr-it flrrtpmi-ed thatBurgers andNURSERIES LTD. domed die.to childrenroaming thi- Run: arefor abandonedand un Marlran haddeferred rlunpm hi; tau Dlhca: itreeti viranled blb}Q92 nail Eltptcn reiwriui W niiinhli llltlv SherwayDrive. lliirri ii!dC!|'!fVIlll1 wort ni the1 Piiuin Health HomeKoren Diinaid Seuriiarrii-riritr pdrntlniirltl Etooieniie. Ontario CC} startedin rm: in-iitll iii-phaniiprhuriirip hmritaior childrenwho 650lanai-alt. iitoritaeon Liesie l lrt him: quit-ll! eiipiindedlIllt92 are 92'loi LB |ll'll.92 "lflim-iri ledin the |m.tsi'nr--dipioman st. i.-iii-ant.Mom-ut P.Q. ti, Luigi.Ini-moi. Hort-Loni:I ixumi 'iil|t-peDevoted Trilyn rrandal - never relinquuhrdbelief l lnd:.. the Middle Etiur.l;ur0pe Bl{]l.l!IV£l92lfitnlll ti. liiiiiimiintheri. rn riir Third Manrlimri Another Smith Amrm... lllopelhetin ""92'¥P.Per.Lrmdrin r.h.- ol95¬1V¢I. a more thanlti cD92.trtlr1:n Your HelpCHI! Malia rrmriirrrinii theof Litahlrshiiieniwhirl: oanoalolloooooonooouonuonoo To-day. .. The llioranu. . . .P.hi'.'r92_iftiharr gm-ciimbgg pm,lr:.re.iIn . I |-igmug NtrFll-Amelitart l|N.il92§tIf!~The rtoodI!~ greatYou oryour prrrsure fromrite Ola-BritNgrwiiiril Have Macioan's continue toshare theirl:ile5stng~ group Illiiwit some girlnr hmto and JeniPhiibi ir-Brirtrii orits Mid- 'i heir»rittii !l[J[Ililchildren in.. +...... grind 1.-.-a..1...¢...... i Delivered met 704Ht!lC92 andI92lU]!Ci92 triiininiz tn lrii the minrt andhandt dl. Eiui rnrreiprlndrrtf. hr.l'ar1uizi-_i operaltni wit?local CtlrnrrittleetFor iuttill I month youcan ipiin- I961 hrslipped Beiririiand fledrri to your home wellarr iIH'lt'.'IE92foreign ptiverrtii.= ..ltiveh girl... bu. You ihlll Miiirriii, in-.rIone [urnpahead nfSIS men|~ and|'|'92l'9292lOl92ll7IC- of it. de recrtvr theniiri-it tiddr:-ii, picture atirnr. iiwiui.armed withfinal pmofof No othermagazine in the world i-i..min..i.c92n~ and storyof yriir 'ad0plee.weli at ID ably interpret: international at the i-imili-er rifcnrrr=[920P92OII'|p hit rpymefrrr Ruaria were aboutrc- now; fromthe Canadianview» 'ln|norIova. . . Ill yrii. with ..-rimthe meantu liaui firmhad FriBritain andu lVfd,Iri point_ randat the some time Ct? |92plediteti LI1llI'll|lttr uinie iztvtnp need»child" Today .Irral.] provider iuehbrood coverage pcplr nttt.i- ._rini.neniii my oi ccr in Illhfllrlid Llflhullf iiiirn their iihuridunceiriii...-.. ..1.....-mt... Crrpt-righth_i '5 GrovePren Int1968 oi Curtinl ovanti inout Own ....i i92|r9292tri|:-i.- ii... iitriivcefll Ht...n rnriltIQll92IDUDAi- Ali right:n-urved country tini~ oiii.ii and Gl92ih192t andld|IllllC¥rnuPdii Branth ht vi. ut t...... in. tii92a92terheartbreak and t:i.ii~. Rf926I'ti!Iof 0. COOIOIIIIOIIQIIIIQIOOIOIII USin. IDDVLHIQam»Devi 5.an Splciul Froiocti. . . zllllfb cDFi'l|1'lllliOPtii. lri additionur iiinstmachildren tnUlldllfl 1..." |-..//-1 Aid » l gm llitiaililiaied Horrie92.C } D PARADE ieipiiiwhlr itii|tit.i! ntainteimimr riiwii-.. re:new-iii. ii-illllrtd l'lYPDN¢!§a-nubFLINT YUDI Bu-Inn 7 7 lld tint! dn! hi-degiipctiititiii eit- D'!'"ItD|l|¢ mu. a.»...mi... n.:.... sini- in...mall pen92e92iiich iiriiiecti in I92 Christian Children: Funtl I1 apedestrian mayotter hunt.»----i< Ittwlar -...... -.i..-.i ..---...-. III/' ..- ...... F...»...... IWWI ii-I mi...- 0 hiliiti-n'92Ciardet._ HungKcing I a briefcomment, sii. . . . a--I--»--. -ii.-ii»..-...i.. ...-.ahl e...»- tutnpletr 92-illairriii i.ott.ige92. si-hnetlt i If Canada '""" i ...ii~oi.-<...~ i..ir ...-...... -.~, ..-larlx .v...... ii....i..,..., .. .,. ...r.... _ Lltitth andpl!!-It92t:!92d~ care i..i... I tll l'iii|thlflll. hum I, Caiiaili| . t "CHI [92Il'Il92|lI.'9292refugee Lltlltltrtt I t Ital In .|.....q..I om [1 [illQ iii. | Oneof those aubiin-ieli ll'tuu[l'ttlEi921 ...iiim--r IIIIIIIIeii nyq In ulL5] 11>: 1 Ah-..yr settlement. lndiiiA vo- I 0...m. .. Nun! ountryi I l92'lOliI||'l§l$along I ltreei plnwinp in cational trairtinpiarm locatedin l I u.ti nu.It: a niiinrhIIIM ei-nit Hamilton Om.Utat waideep inllt.|llI one iii ldtd. muttirnpnverishod Elttlnlil rlilhlltl.. r..."K drencheda yourt; woman onlite aide- t lull.... D .... monthQ wall withouteven i'iOlIC1Il|Ithe I'92lirthed ll'[d92 r clnrvotl|92II' :Jtild hutH-lit I caused FIN!he Lnetiiabout wasit when§@EBlEEll}W Doors? a TaichiingBahiei Horne. help hr|i-...| I he stoppedfor I red light. tut:down //i.,|itt92929292 lhirniouit arm lot ahiindoriad llrre the hlocliand anangry iemlircame and lJf92ll~l|lll.dhahiei dd re» . . liinnging hisum windml Still bli'i'|r.-dhe n Tiiirhiinp Horne forthe Blind P lat-r . Prntrl In1 roiled driwnthe lll|1'ld¬Jll-and wasquit.-kI92 /of I 1 ~=<»w "" Taiwan thirmuui toldthe enormity of hi!crime. Heiiiiai tuI

. f .. 4lhlAlll .-.-...... -. DPTIQHRL FOP HO» [- MAY var. cm. cw , GSA I.l"|..R u' . era! |-5 - I UNITED STATES GO .N92/I ENT Memorandum : Ll£'L3CZ{,;~; 1~"I L DATE H/25/68 1f'.r- _92~- :92|- *_ .-._4._.|..-.4..|.92.¢ 92 35¢;-~ 41D4-J.I4..:-.|:.¢.l.|J.T¢3 l:1:v::¢-Oi- -»r - ~»_;-r-.-P 1 L~l'_~'...,Ll GIh92C D.-.V1c>Ib 92 _ .._/ . L/92.4.-.4-I-L-i-.~J -.v X-.'..|n" C-1 Vii!

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En. © Grows Press ino. 106-!1-U the?Di!in-n Cglce. tor whichsctlvlty cmglii .ead to 60111113at either It-on or Oatord He eondunnns, 31.1.5 informed us I! hid neither the riuht about me. There seemed ver{ was not Bu: 51.1.5 dld nos-that Maciesu would nrobsbly be Ill rights rsssrvod BE Ill D01 31 our l-he riahii little that oouid be done sbou approached when :l1e can I-IICE lt. hut. it occurred to me that I attach : "-nuch weight to that , against him was complete. personal" detail; the around Gut 5_ Meanwhile certain oateaories He en thlnkznr tor @9134 help to divert, sttstllclon by toreig ,1 ten assume than all ; of roman Omce Diners s'ou._ddone well.-b._ yoursg Iltiqllshmetthe withheld trom h.lm. and lms must 1'-fto I-ton and Oxford.! J movements would be but under tit! ANALYSIS: The list pronded Bobby Mac» i sureeltlunce- These last two de- Pi.N.CHEB Akeuale [the Embassy securitycisions taken ttresumatily to C1 Pea ocer! with one of his lllnestsoothe use Americans. were in D ariuirrs loading commentator on security affairs whom Furhs then dentliiedhours Es pflered me short toollsl-L But I saw no reason to Lhst IN THIS instalment Iron: litnis own to his jail in odds on Gore-Booth. chailenie them. I. iudred that Lnndttn. Gold's confession led Why I He had been educated ' they mlzm serve me in loud iiuii Phiiby's main purpose is to deliberately sacriced. First. ha It Eton and Oxford; he had stead it anvintno went wronm t heao discredit the American had stopped spi-tn: for Russia.q|>un' to Jaiéus sp lttusenbedit es I IllllIV" entered the Foreign Omce Ln was nulle rllhi-. Second. the Rusuns hnew that secret drawings and eqll Pmll the middle thirties; he was s I was nevenbetua alarmed bi that Intelligence and Ser:urlty__since he was 8 British suliiect.to Bus."-i-ca. and his wile Ethel Services by lhialitt[-"5tI1lOl'his exposure Would It'll"! illll hngtw American ..E.3i operatives look stupid. -- relatlu|'92sa nrime dnrlet Flei- [um This 11$! ts hardly in 'lhe" liamue ulri ii! keeping wi their completeInch! essnlessiou was in tact Jill?! round-p ot the major Sovlet ininiense. Britain spent hun- l'!Ce. dreds pl millions discoserini spy-rln which Phiihy men-nuclear hnul-how which i-he * 1 . Y*"IE':._'.ii_' _.x -__-"...-_~:.:*--#"=*" tions- r. , the Americans miahl otherwisewho induced her own iirother_ Rosenberg-a. Harry Gold. and have elven us to steal atomic secrets. Only others The Russians may lave IR"!!!the Russian diplomat who coo- In this connection l'ht|li!'IBnlldent that Fuchs. who left trolled thewi ai. Anatol! Yoko!- dlsclosurq raise an lntrtgninl the U.S. to wort at Harwell.isv. escaped. qoestlou. When he knew that could not ldenlllv am Ill the Incidentally. the Americans the I-ital atomic ieaitalea. which other Soviet agents who cop- were more Justllled In executing saved ll.usalss scientists at least tacted him In -lrnertea The tho It-usenber s than the . I8 months oi wors. had been British and U.S. security men luasians were in shootlnl "PI narrowed down to Fuchs. why who qnestlnned him were more Penhnvsiy, the led Ania wash: Fuchs rescued an astute than ther eattected Intelligence colonel. who spl at liar.-lean was! Fuchs remembered that one I0! Britain. It it was enough that of the ti7tifill'I who pithed up The loseriheegs ewmniitted ltlaclean was " an old comrade.his information from tho Los their treachery during wartime Ill! wsant Fuchs. who hail Alamos bomb Ishoratoev had heel lnnil-elt more said-lhle.once mentioned he was a bio signicant 0 gran the sltne slleetiohatochemise. [RS G-men made in- nngla tact quiries shoot esers hiochemistemerging tram I'lillb{'a dis- l eatn-ient'. who could have been in the closures»-and those o other places Fuchs named spiea- ls that they ore hardly There srs strog reasons tor The? reduced 5 llnl Ill LSD.everduet-zed taught n Ht: because oct of they any-ran.are bettering that Fuchs was posstbe suaperta to Harry Gold. surveillance many provide the ev-idem-e theminio that court. natty but tho bringsBrstJ n Information lhal leads to their heirig watched almost always comes from Ruxsid ll comes in two Il!!t'1ilI!I I Soviet defeelor to the Wisst reveals that information ol O 92 certain nature has been Bowing to .92I-oscnvlu Or Russian sillleills s A say or do something which male; this obvious. As Phllhy indicates. I-he sol-1 riots.sciean that -- in there the was Britishw spy- Embassy tn Washington came from information trickling inch from the riovtet Union. 1 The Russians are hy means alts-aya as clever in covering up their sour:-es as Pitllby woutd hare us believe. First indications that there had I been a serious atomic leal in; the U.S.-from Fuchs as ltl tltrned outsrose from remarks by Russian delegates at Q post- | war [NO runlerenre. The ltusslahs used rode names they could not possibly have known without the help oi a spy This is the Soviet agent's frat-est ul he may danger. he in However the eldrare- . i ho can be eaught through n'l blunder in Moscow or the delilherato use of sorrel lI92fOfDlI tlon foe political purposes hy I Journalistntiiriaia +- I nl-Lliuoe ol the ltIret|'n _-__ Olhee in posting Bur- 1 gus to a!lltIt|'tDt1 is highly rivaling. .92a it was known that Burgess was a rabid homo 1 sexual, nn hahitual d|_-u|1k_ and t |,'l'lt'Iiy unstable in other ways. why was he allowed to remain in the Foreign Olce at all .' I his I have homosexual always ssperted actvitirs thatpro- vided him with informationl altnut the private lives oi seniori tlieagues whirls ensured hln Drltertioia. I | that cunsineedPhilhy /» ls telling ilio truth about the Iiiin ondim. Burgess He vontarted talk; about 92|ari1-ang-|-on precautions so that the iwn men / 92 would not he seen together Yet it was arranged that BurgessI z would mil on tlsr-leap at hie ofllce. toeetherand laterat the I_92. tiara Cluh lnnchpdin 's ?sil all! Phllhy's ennst-ernatton an he-ariahid ed the with news that Maclean Burgessla Indnntandahle. l there Ii BlI11P'tlwon d have had been remained;nothihf to connect Marleen! disappear» _ e sore with l'hllh_r-no overt suspicion that he waa the Third: a Man who had organised 92bQi escape i 1 accuses whorepeatedly'est-ern has IlatlelllsencePal ed himself of silpshod to consult worh,the Soviet intelligence tiles to check i the torhe namerails of John the 92I.I.5 Fiilardun. intern:-w man who so shly induced Fuchs to Shardol. 'confess was Williams Jamesl 92°92 p ., ~ / a 1 1' etie 1 1 //it 4"%_,f -IlatnmaI_'92!!!L'=- i SECRET __WORLD: PART -i--__....__.__,___ Just howwas DonaldMaclean, the -rwoL 1 t Foreign. Office traitor,tipped offabout in thissensational affair.Now atlast - his impending arrest?e comes Philbysown story of what 1 It i : For years, debate has ppened in-those tense hoursand" l Kim Philbys_ roleas the 92 . tilt: uldlIIclllC HHCI' unexpectedlast- 1 - rd Man" ' I» minute development. ' ' L. tr at HOWM ORGANISED,|

= l. MACLEANS ESCAPE :- to IN THEsummer 1949 [while of servingin ] I was leftQ no 1!-_-_-ht "- 4. receivedtelegram a alteringme tile Secret liitelliettce Service ownmatron re err llroiathua one Ill !!Bpl'ESEl'|l8lI0the UnitedStates.I wouls wherebe wori-tint; in aante eaaa. N _llt liaisonwith boththe CentralIntelligence Agencyand theFedera pm __ , I-,'_da carellulatuoy lotthe nlq BureauInvestigation. of loolt It me all ofhalf-an-hour decide to _,- ' _._ Cg};r-V. oill.dllLQ wiiiei ting teat-a.an to a lla my wa: im- not -_-"$- . to accept the otter. 92 I-I tn-_'92t92i.|DDOaed ooenala to tnaldlthe The lure or the I S; I Unlted States.|Ulll1:l.|0lI at .t i . *2-1-92 American post waa Irre- the it-ansororloedgi e snuroqt ,_;»'A t_. waa inLha handa the Ill =-= *---i ,atattble tor two reasons. l characteriatiually. theyrian -as--'-'1p'-J-a- At one atroke, It would put tn an lmmenaeamourit of __ , I - EIiorl reatlltlng tn an ltitlllenec r"a~ t-aka ma right back lnw i.YIM' - t amountwaste ot nag:It had the middleor Int-ellllentl ' 92 an taroccurred nett an them in nor to the Brittenthat a dlnlo policy-making and it mat was involved. letatone a __ would gleeme _aclo':e-no lairty eentordlolontat. view of the American lnataad. tltalhreattgatlou nae concentrated onnon-dlplomatta Intelligence oreaniaatlona einoluyera01 the Iltnoaaa and e - Thlaa. I waa llealnnlna to *PHI BY ._.¢ _MOSco92e dlversiona:Philoy andMelinda Macleanplay aneoect. were already of for wine Itontt-is orI nuaaltori recru - a n nut. to me ne mr Boviat coil bottle-aaahera andnethareal 8" lfaaler ttrwtlrtantte from my tact ln latannut Hahad ted would earl-Italyhaeavto done be nntnt at new than that-r me it I had am mean:n dis A charted! with a Latvian before I latt aahlolton for Amariu at the ltd al mrerina whatthe B:-tttahwere Heaven knewwhaee tn next raa aaalonal oltleol-II IO Brit-let: oolinattanunioer: October from the lrluen lmnaqe In dull tn a case under lI'lIl:llI t :rr;l?lgmfDllll:::Ia i-:'l§'S§' lbgaan lntinent. would lta might him me with me I din not eventhiria ll I'Dl'I|'lMy hrlellnl aroluad Iraea canon orthe FBI a twee in crowded withlltllllll oaril detat weI lnae all mntrolol the case There wasanother unnaidera aattliia lo: conrmation lrum l'ttt"tt"""'i=- an ano er l"»a"t§' 1- e ""t't= of hereell her fatnll l and ll. la not' Ila! to make I i mt Boirtaieolleaaue: Theevent anaietr to my m.nd. It wae atomtoenerel eataoltahateaito eoivtna theBrllleh IrtthaeaeIn friends. her nrtrata I a and tlon whichl'Ilr¢l.lllI§t1 towards in: it lltatted me l4|.lO|1 Nodooht Elven meoar theformtdahle boa Alamo: Waahlnaloh I notion hettlta not-let-ant nlctureor in tour of ree w tugeaaa ua iae notbe iia.e exnreasaoant-where olthe llrlr-e Otr!..ela.en: included en. tnetime IIIaaltn there_ , ' - duty tn the Uml _ { Btataa. getter?1 mew rrom thelea Uta Brit a communication ot the Hm Miamoa u ItSm; a not mu II-'10:" ac e we: ooihin kin: that l coud have It wla leatlotonl I-0 he Liaiaon withthe FBI atone 1! that ht: reoord waaquite clean which wt é unltmlted netenitalll-leaat me unD0 stance anon-not.ta raeourceeat the PB l hi-G uéerr "attracted In the acme thatthere aaapqtlloilI MI aaltenrnant It era: Jnlrll ADIIIO-Alt|II1¬llIlnIell.l- the relevantFwetmt Oatstut done But. taeemed alterfl me . rs g inthorouehl U011]-dhave I been'a nothing reoorged aallnet. Iliiin - The do arraneed thatI would leara eatiott ol Boater. Intelligent-eit?! Irain um;doubt IIat thetall with Oldeld. that I had Ii IPA?c Ola rite to pltiliu reaotu-ca:eatenl. wera totull time oo It Iraa theera of ooittieaily nut he was very Ila i-ale F tor Londonat the and nl Beo- acttvitl In the United t/atee Bemtegof theaoluca Inthe atuinnli-d tntothe heart.cit tlia aquanderad It aaa enoughto ltlccarthe in tut! elll bllal It a t to |et into Derebnal aeraoeatwo tone tetnber and.alter a n'92onth'ahad vleldeda strong aune lt rt rt wtbllaj. rohlemI W htn a Iew2 ' dava.Icnnrlrioe me' that urgent aclton -Iwas 'alaothe eraor .Htaa Coolon . V o a auectacuiar_ nature i ti-.:.outalde:::.l IA- itriei-la at headouart-er; tall that therehad beena le:t:ae Mr anxiety was temperedor ht: aiaaeonnrmed heme Hua- would notbe neoetsare but that Fuchs4 Gold Grellll-lano and It occurredto methat heIla ratlet atnceI had been oaaee-dalan I:-lendtn London Alter the eaaewould l'!llllll"Iminor:the bran Ruaanberaa-not tomuch leadIlla-I] to male him- that Clul auf liq; V " - abet-aloe Ill-hheadquarter: hawal-eI1l|:,| lowathne draatte mention otherswho are I111 aell eonanleuousin my house- e orohli 1. 7 77" '-._r:_=a____ iIii_i anL U ;*n'-_-f il -re ___'-Iwittw 5"'* '__ "Qi-nameleaa Llalaon. Kwith OLA holdF than to a bachelor- at. m 1 lilerti ncvered anarm Iildar Ilrld where everyerentog wouldhad lrlw ouri: hlrtt tootloclae 1l'lIT H10 F . lt I I DirectorMickey orthe i Ladd P tnin Aaat.tl'.a.tit cttarlte I halt eearoelr repliedto luhlecl. I atenilr my agreement whenlL|anl. dlll: oontactor aecuritf wthaiaa the F L. mg nrtncloal and I Maclrenate thawedme a letter dlmcullv aaei himseveral ttineaa week. it; nag reamed fromCarer aeen Mari either tn hla o . I Poster thanhead ofthe Foreign Ill 14 rs! It .,,- ...... - ----. _ .one But l.L eeemed. Ute: :r.v end LO zhe nlt.1uJ ex:enL Lo 1_| l".1h Oldeld. the: I had I'hlCl'l UWIQQ l'!l-Bl-1!!!! Il _n1r92ed Lnto ihe heerr. or the equendrred I! wee enotlh to ::0o.ern. Wlzhm e lee deve.convmce :ne the! mien: a--:.*n ...-..= e92; .ee, __ hzs was conrmed or rnv Hus- Iould not be neoeseer y, l. Wu elao Lhe em ot H.» ..oo-oneel! EDmii1lCUG921!- ll: my house eumect remamed under con- .an !r.end ln London After the one would re ure e Puche Gold. Cireenalue end hold then Ln e bachelor et eumt dlecueelnn oetween ue. My :lrclr.n: with headnuarbere he 1|-arching lornetlng lo the breve RaeenherIen0t to where every evenmg would had dllcultv was that I hen only menzzon other-e who are lull mm tootlooee. eeen Mecleen tvvtee. and hne! nemeieee L-leleon Ilth CLL 1 hm aaernely re Ln m 1| yeen llecleon am ml covered en even Illder Held- weehrngeon ue reel for eermcl Hiceey Ledd. £1 Aeeletene1!; my rum! I hen til Com: and lute-v In Landon! Dtrector ol the P ln chereemlewe he hed received lhdwed rum me-81. teer- 1 514 no ldee Ihere ne lived. or eecu.r1t we-1 _ma orlntlbelIoeter. then heed of the Porelgnnew he Lived. or lndeed env- connect Ith the P. .1... end I Omen eecumy oreneh. wernml 1.l:une et ell about hle circum- III mm eeveral tlmee ewe-cl. mm about Burieess errlveL euneee But lr Ll not time to e1ther 1.rr'hl.e ooe or at home. Corey-Poorer exolelned the!- tum rm the near. w'e:nleLn hove He II-1 one of Hoover: ozrmnelhle ecoentrlemee would be ll. wood end the nrobleme I: eurlmen ln Chlt'eit0"Lhl eul more easily overlooked in e Ihn ale-eye went in hm Eerie embassy than Ln e smell involved ,= when mere III-I shootzni no bl 913., He gave 5 eummary of dnnee.nd he looked the nen. me nest neocerllhoee end and He wee short end trnmeneelvthat erorae mlght be _ln not-'e_.The develoomenc o! the eeir ewcev. and mun have been What does he rneen_ worse. _ Ill mvauewme eeen enemy. Iv. nerd be ne;le betore he muttered Meclenzle. Gone? wee beset lmoondenmee. the develooed e neunel Joule end I told hlm that I mew Ou! eueumeht or omen could be I the comnlerlon zhet eueeesl-I I well. tbet he would be etevuagnrtle better then euen-were stroke tn the olhne. Ilth me. end that I would tee? We had recelved enme dc-em Ledd Ion. no tlme ln lettingan eye on bun He seemedre-ocru relemng no "the me lnovv that he d.Le-ennrovRIDPI the: there nee someonel0urce.' Inc eooeered ll the gt me close contact wlrh CIA. gm who wee reed! to ehlre Q eeemed eenumelr dleguetedthe |!e6DB!l.e'lbl!llI gocumenge omer. ur. under lute the to code reeebur; Ilth H1 cosmonn lten eln In ' .heu "eht or _ vrner. vrea to been l:ade- wvverdg lsetnlreme " What do thee leech them :1! come. mv decrelon to fell tn C.I.A, aon 1'" he seld to me mm Iutleee'! suzeeltwn loou The 18.1.. Iere at-tll eendme one evenine. Wm. how to use llke e bed mutate l heve ue reeme moat we lmbuev enlvea end torn how to merry Indeed [wen it much LhouehtChlldlee. end me mnulry lbro rzch Irlvee tn the ?I-ll I5 VIII our mental nereonhel wee enm- ll. ml not do to oleed trill- mne l|.eell' out endleeelr ll tne teat evenra were to take e To me. Ehu remetne we more te-I months leter were utlerlv l.nex_oll:ehle feature of the 92A e§LUuGlaH Lrzclle eel ubforeoeeaoiet securltv bre- whore eelr. There Ill elreed! l11|'Dl"ml;LOl'l ennut the lhnbeseyceutaone are destined to ewe keaeerre conzlnued to reerh ua orooecrlon Iron: the un- had endeocebeen thet oenerze the Port? OmceBoth out Iron Dwyee [PhLlb1eroreaeeaole. But. on reection I Krlulv end Voitov hm l:d 1 predecessor In me WnmlnotonLnme that my decuron to IL noel], who wee eoon to leave.eccommodere Bones: eneeded [General Krzorree-|, I led three members ol zhe Bl-.l'.|hhe e iew ween at rnosl. the Arm] letellapence elloer, 3 imbue? ste ned eeeeee to focuetne or Hie motltun on defected to the Wen he 1537. the rnetenel: Peterson. myeell.Ihe. and Bobbv Mectenzle. the It elao lent vteour to the end the eeer Fwd from Mt LII; mtormeuon Rrrnimu Medto !.mbe.e.n Securnv Olcer. who letter Ihlch Bedell-emnn Mend ranlzrolecl a vmmp Ittah e-es an old colleeeue ol maneof the C.l.A.l eenl. the chlel tram Benton V deve lnstnml on my removal lrom Volkoe mnrnrmm med the med Fore!-an to cleie glee.tn In the IBL. me omelele ooh- the acene. It me! even heve I915, aenq to Mme uea oerned were Ledd. Luhmen.been luck? zhet suemclon tell Brrmn mmove In the Foremr who wee then need or the lZJ- - on me nremetureiy. LB the Olee and one who was need oi Communut eectlon. and B-aneeuae that zr er-"er-a.;lleed oerareI Britten IZCIH1? UPQGII-L!.IllJ'I'l. Lemblere. e nrce nuddznnthe endence Iree tron: enoughVowvv defectlo mu thwarted natlve oi Ohm who lee moon- no onn; .-he -.0 coure Phalby Volkov rrun-'.erl.ou..alr| E alblefor the delealed ene.ya.e Surveys errleel reueq an of the lee on the Amerlqn leeue net I <:ou!d not deczdeelven zymppeoredn.ry1wr|.]before he could be i ewe. ' Irv mveelt Should he or should There wee. of course. noun We Irre stilt fer from l Lt1en:;I me eource Ln the - Bl'ZL.Lh imneeev, but durhs :.ne wmter ol I949-.50 we ner oeeeo to elnee round rhe La > ;.921emoe eouroe The chotce ileemed H3 ll: OEEIEBD IWOl Dr. sclentlatvPelerle 0! en $011 Dr dlslznillonPucna. lit nae Dvv_ver'e lest an-ecr. ee-r~ nae to 51.5. thet. or e. hfilllll ll oleoe nl enelveme 0! the enoen movernente of rhe urn men. he concluelvely ellmzaeted Pe:er.e. Thereafter. zhe llurr ooznted u.n92-everinily at Puche The usual trouole eroee over the nerure of the evidence. which was not velld tn lel. Bur. Puche nrumded the mdenee enznst tnmeell. etter hu arrelt he wee loused to John Seerdon. oi l M.1..':. for lnterrozerlon. Stereo-o succeeded '.n rmnme h.l.! con- l fldence w men en extent that lfuche not onlv confessed me ovm hen 2:1 the hueneee hm also ldenued from nonto-lé ' trehhe h.92 contest in Lhe Untied Bzetee. Her-rv GoldEl Prom Gold. who Wu also 1n ?92 zaleerzve mood. the chem ledl .~_ Lneeorehly so the Roeenoerll who were duly electroruted. | I [L 1.1 worth menzlorzzne thll lleenhover e:o'.a.ned ma 1 refuoel to rebraeve U-hel Eocen- hert on :he zrounda zher. 1! he . did. zhe Rues.er4 .n fur.u.re would uee oniv women I-I 59:01 1 i I: wee en atutude worth! of A the mos: oedeszneh of Utnlad i Stereo Preezdmu.

In the eumrher of lib!! I I rv.-carved e letter from G11] mu.Burgeee he hen. "1 leer-e_e I ehocl heve luelroe vueeeeted oboetull rhet I an Weeh.n§wn. I'llehou; out nzm uo for e In den will he hadll l found e hat for hlmeel! Thle . e I nosed e nroblem . . l In normel clreumueneee 1t eould have been uuite wrong I fl {IO llfll UD'lI1V!l {O occunv me meme nremleeo. But l the clrcumetencee were one norrnel from the earnest cure DUI rereere ned lnaertrlned He had collecred monev for me at Cemondze afber the revolt of > the Austrian Ichueubund tn e - e hIwl1::;,'o:92¬agomerd hle name ee e noeelble recrult for the e Soviet Ber-vice. e deb: whlr-h he enrrv leverreoeld belnw the ernonthlng Brltlah ecrrtmy U e lervlce In between. he bed acted ea courier for rne ln Soeln. In I940 we bed worked c.oeel! to- .IB.. d he heel

1 nether he 8 en Egg! tev me Ln e mebroleenonel r1-In ln .....T. . Our ueocietloh In therefore ._ . Y well eerulnknown. thee enr endeerloue 1; In elreedzlnveer non of either of ua would 92 3. reveel these heer. Ilnks. . * e could U . - .1. _. , x M, , = ?- -» -~:|@=Lmmw»1m Ia: '92 Q ' '1»-=== ¢'@m rn§;§=s:é A 4 % , F M92 _ PA kw i I 6/ V %

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.l-IUI-.l..l92/O £11 I'FOl-D1]. D .l.J'J..ll- and the CIA an whisked l3urgessand Macleanto safety. e 1- r - 92 v 1 92 1 . I Q .a. scarcely» .4 senior oicer in E on the chin the unavoidable re- I Illbr to them nor to the British whole organisation who had {not got sentment of Hoover's men. A corol- that a diplomat was involved, let some axe to grind with me. I was lary of this was that it would be alone a fairly enior diplomat. In- l Eunclie-1 many clubs on business dangerous to be too clever since the stead, the investigation had concen- I pretexts. The discussions over the cards would be stacked too heavily Itrated on non-diplomatic employees | t-.1".-~e std port covered many's'ub-against me. It would be better to of the Embassy, and particularly on je-.~.i.~. r Yr my hosts had one thing play it silly and be ready to apolo- those locally recruited: the sweep- 92 in :ommo..--the desire .for a free gise freely for the bricks which my ers, cleaners, bottle-washers and the ti-11. to America. I did not discour- position would force me to drop -rest. A charlady with a Latvian sj,I them. The more visitors I had from time to time. _ . grandmother, for instance, would in 92'.;.=-hin;"'.on, the more pies I got My brieng on the counter-espi- rate A fteen-page report crowded my nger into. That, after all, was onage side also aroused grave anxi- with insignicant detail of herself, rry .im in life. ety in my mind. This was given me her family and friends, her private .14"-ar't from these diverting inter- by the formidable Maurice Oldeld, life and holiday habits. It was testi- 92 ludes. my brieng caused me serious and included a communication of mony to the enormous resources of 1'- preoccupation in more than one the rst importance. Joint Anglo- the FBI. and to the pitiful extent respect. It became clear from East- American investigation of Soviet to which those resources were on's succinct expositions of the situ- intelligence activity in the United squandered. It was enough to con- ation that my path in Washington States had yielded a strong sugges- vince me that iirgent action would was likely to be thorny. I was to tion that there had been a leakage not be necessary, but that the case take over from Peter Dwyer, who from the British Embassy in Wash- would require minute watching. had spent several years in the ington during the_years 1944-45, Something drastic would certainly United States. I knew him for a and another from the atomic energy have to be done before I left Wash- brilliant wit, and was to learn that establishment in Los Alamos. I had ington. Heaven knew where my he had a great deal more to him no ides about Los Alamos. But a next appointment would lie; I might than just wit. During the war, he swift check of the relevant Foreign well lose all control of the case. had succeeded in the prickly task Oice List left me in little doubt My last call in London was at the of establishing close personal rela- about the identity of the source in Chief's office. He was in the best of tions with many leading gures in the'British Embassy/.'My anxiety form, and amused me with mali- the FBI. Tnese relations, main- was tempered by relief, since I had cious accounts of the stickier pas- I tained after the war, had given the been nagged for some months by a sages in Anglo-American intelli- SIS representation in Washington question put to me by my Soviet gence relations during the war. This a. bins towards the FBI at the ex- contact in Istanbul. He had asked turned out to be more than just pense I-1» some thought! of the me if I had any means of iscover- pointless reminiscence. He told me CIA -.ne FBI, taking its cue ing what the British were doing in that the news of my appointment to' .4 -!'I92' uni ---92 .--92 92 pa 1---S-4-in11.!!! uuuna. Il92V92I'92I92Aauuv$l| I-In;-turn.92IsI92e|wclil Q IInoon92-319% |n-u-l¢u4.inen.92sHnn4i.92- 92lIl92-lCl'll|l'G§UIB§lII92-Ill L" U L... d-bun us: Tlnid-Q;-1 usssucu uuauca Qindan appcnlwu nnnnnrnrd §r92 vu Kaelassa-rc .-;".;l.i.» ' sensitive on the subject FBI, a case involving the British upset Hoover. I was then rated a of tile -';A, it was extremely diffi- Embassy in Washington. At the fairly senior ofcer in the service, cult i... Dwyer to keep a balance time of asking, there was nothing which Dwyer most undeservedly! wirimut exposing himself to snarl- that I could have done. But it was not. Hoover suspected that my ing charges of double-crossing his seemed, after my talk with Oldeld, appointment migh't herald unwanted old friends. that I had stumbled into the heart SIS activity in the United States. One of my new jobs was to tilt of the problem. Within a few days, To allay his fears, the Chief had the balance in the opposite direc- this was conrmed by my Russian sent him a personal telegram, as- tion. The CIA and SIS had agreed friend in London. After checking suring him that there was no inten- to close collaboration -over a wide with headquarters, he was left in tion of a change oi policy; my duties l range of issues which inevitably no doubt that information from the would be purely liaison duties. The l meant more day-to-day contact than FBI and my own referred to one Chief showed me the telegram, then S15 vs .d have with the FBI. and the same case. _ I gave me a hard stare. "That," he : L-' P .. . out this change of policy A careful study of the les did said, "is an oicial communication to" it oi acknowledged, of course. from myself to Hoover." There was something to kallay my immediate I I-r' assignment was therefore to fears. As SIS was not supposed to a pause, then he continued: Un- 1;". T links With the CIA and operate inside the United States, oicially . let's discuss it over I . - ihose with the FBI without investigationof the leads provided lunch at White's. . .111 noticing. It did not take by the source was in the hands of With my brieng as complei.- as . . seflection to convince me that the FBI. ' could reasonably be expected, I !,.J -=1 a task was impossible and Characteristically, they had put sailed on the'S.S."Caronia" tO9292uldS absurd. The _only sensible coure in animmense amount of work re- the end of September. I had a mem- was to get in with the CIA on sub-I sulting in an immense amount of orable send-oil. The rst thing I jects of common . interest and take> waste paper. It had so far occurred saw on the 0 foscr platform at

'| ",,.. -. .. . I I -0-< S . I l llI I». . .,r. ~ " .' t t _'- ' 1 _ ' V " .§ m_>h92 . --F-_.--.-.-_-.,..'. ---- _-- . Joseph McCarthy ".,,.,e. . Judy Coplon t t~ . Julius Rosenberg , i i i " ' . . Ethel Rosenberg by mi . ' . t r 6. Klaus Fuchs i - r1. 7. HarryGold -' V J 1 92.' q / t _ ' - , 92 9292_ g. r t ,'¢_-H ~ :4. 1 - 'J .. L

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Piitiby on Elite P/Io Camsy Ezra . _ " It was the era oi McCarthy in full evil blast. It was also Hoover knew that by merely opening his mouth he could the era of Hiss, Coplon, Fuchs, Gold, Greenglass and the have blasted McCarthy's pretensions forever. But why brave Ftosenbergsnot to mention others who are still should he have done so? By raising a nation-wide spy- nameless... . _ y fever, McCarthy was creating conditions in "which no l am _speaking of the McCarthy period. It might have congressman would date 2-: onpose increased appro- been thought that Hoover would have resented the in- priations for the FBI. 92N~-.1 Hoover really thought oi tringement oi his monopoly by a Senator who claimed to McCarthy became evident at my first meeting with him have effected single-handed deep penetration of the when I put the question poirr blank. "Well." Said Hoover Communist conspiracy in the State Department and in reply, I often meet J0e .=_-. the racetrack, but he has other branches of the United States "Government. Not so. never given me a winner yet." l

1 W _ g _ 7 __.;l*i_Q.1g_ g_ " .1 . Waterloo was an enormous l . s congenial government post ws: itly succeeded Admiral Rabous as moustaches and behind thém the awaiting him. The news of my post- head of the whole organisation and great head of , an ing to Washington had simply de- promptly fell foul of the Senate. apparition which assured me of termined the timing of his north- The driving force of OS0 at the good company on the voyage. Be- ward move to Ottawa. So we started time was Jim Angleton, who had fore we sailed, I was called to the on a pleasant footing. Nothing formerly served in London and had ship's telephone. Jack Easton was could exceed the care and astuteness earned my respect by openly reject- 0:. the line to tell me that Dwyer with which he inducted me into ing the Anglomanis that disgured Lac: just telegraphed his resigna- Washington politics. the young face of OS0. We formed tion. it was not clear why, but I It is not easy to make a coherent the habit of lunching once s week In.-ri been warned. Finally, s case of picture of my tour of duty in the at Harvey's where he demonstrated ampagne was delivered to my United States. Indeed, such a pic- regularly that oveorlc was not his cabin with the card of a disgusting- ture would give a wrong impression only vice. I-Ie was one of the thin- ly rich friend. I began to feel that of the type of work I was engaged nest men I have ever met, and one I would enjoy my rst transatlantic in. It was too varied, and often too of the biggest eaters. Lucky Jim! r crossing. aniorpbous, to be reduced to simple After a year of keeping up with I made my rst slip almost im- terms. Liaison with the FBI alone, Angleton, I took the advice of an mediately after entering American if it had been conducted thoroughly, elderly lady friend and went on a territorial waters. An FBI repre- would have been a full-time job. It diet, dropping from thirteen stone sentative had come out in the pilot'swas the era of McCarthy in full to about eleven in three months. launch to greet me. I ga_ve him a evil blast. It was also the era of Our close association was, I am glass if Tio Pepe which he sipped I-Iiss. Coplon, Fuchs, Gold, Green- sure, inspired by genuine friendli- uzihappiiy while we made polite con- glass and the brave Rosenbergs ness on both sides. But we both verszztion. I was later to learn that not to mention others who are still had ulterior motives. Angleton :.:e men of the FBI, with hardly an namgless. Liaison with the CIA cov- wanted to place the burden of ex- cxcepliozi, were proud of their in- ered an even wider eld, ranging changes between the CIA and SIS .-- _Ja.ir§_1_.. of having sprung from the from a serious attempt to subvert on the CIA office in Londonwhich gr: ss rozts. One of the rst senior an East European regime to such was about ten times as big as mine. G-me 1 met in Washington claimed questions as the proper exploitation By doing so, he could exert the to n."-.-re had a grandpappy who kept of German documents relating to maximum pressure on SISs head- a general store at Horse Creek, Mis- General Vlasov. In every question quarters while minimising SIS in- souri. They were therefore whisky- that arose, the rst question was trusions into his own. As an exer- drinkers, with beer for light re- to please one party without offend- cise in nationalism, that was fair freshment. By contrast, CIA men ing the other. In addition, I _had to enough. By cultivating me to the aunted cosmopolitan postures. work in with the Royal Canadian full, he could better keep me under They would discuss absinthe and Mounted Police and with individ- wraps. For my part, I was more serve Burgundy above room tem- uals in the Department of External than content to string him along. IfIE"".'iUlE.. This is not just flippancy. Affairs who were dickering with the The greater the trust between us L. mints to a deep social cleavage idea of setting up an independent overtly, the less he would suspect L. uveen the two organisations, Canadian secret service. covert action. Who gains most ~.92-Rich accounts for at least some oi ' Whereto begin? As the end oi my from this complex gems I cannot the asperity marking their ex- story chiey concerns the FBI, I say. But I had one big advantage. I changes. should perhaps concede to the CIA knew what he was doing for the My FBI friend saw me through the beginning. The head of the or- CIA and he knew what I was doing the landing formalities and bedded ganisation when I arrived was Ad- for SIS. But the real nature of my me down in a hotel with a view of miral Hillenkoetter, an amiable sail- interest was something he did not Central Park. Next day at Penn- or who was soon to give way to know. sylvania Station, I boarded the General Bedell-Smith without leav- Although our discussions ranged train for Washington. The sumac ing much of a mark on American over the whole world, they usually was still in ower and gave me a intelligence history. The two divi- ended, if they did not begin, with foretaste of the famous fall, one of sions with which I had most to France and Germany. The Ameri- the few glories of America which do were the Office of Strategic Op- cans had an obsessive fear of Com- Americans have never exaggerated, erations OSO! and the Ofce of. m,.uniBITl in France, and I was aston- because exaggeration is impossible. Policy Coordination OPC!. In ished by the way in which Angleton Peter Dwyer met me and explained, plain English, OSO was the intelli- devoured reams of French newspa- over our rst bourbon, that his res- gence-gathering division and OPC per material daily. That this w:-..- ignation had nothing to do with was charged with subversion. There not a private phobia of Anslv my appointment to succeed him. was also a little work with the became clear at a later date v. . .. For personal reasons, he had long planning division, associated with British proposal for giving P 92- -. -:.ted to settle in Canada, where the name of Dick Helms, who re- andre Parodi, head of the DOi _- 1 1 I -42-92 ' | ..-.." .1 ,_ , ,. 92 ...... ,.. .- -

~-- I -fir I _.. . .,r ...... i . H w.-. L _ ___ _ 92 g mi. - F. "-..ted secret information was -n- part of the payment for the" ex- '5' squashed by Bedell-Smith in per- penses of occupation. l 92 son. He told me atly that he was Apart from Angleton, my chief The illegality oi the arrest was ~ not prepared to trust a single OSO contact was a man I shall refer duly lambasted in court, but worse l.;£¬l'1Ch oicial with such informa- to here as William J. Howard of +51-u-in was to follow. Coplon, though the counter-espionage section. He caught red-handed, was resolved to was a former FBI man whom Hoo- Angleton had fewer fears about ght to the end. She dismissed her ver had sacked for drunkenness on G--L a-...... _1 __ ~|_- ___.-__.'li- LL_A. L_ Germany. That country concerned KID UUI-IIIBUI Ull L-[IE IIUUIIUU la-L -I13 him chiey as a base of operations duty. The rst time he dined at my was too conciliatory to the prosecu- against the Soviet Union and the house, he showed that his habits _-_:_'Z._ .__4.__ -1 L__A.___.. IT92..__-_.- L__! ._____!_._J ...__'l___._.a..l I_'l'_ J¢19292 tion; he was probably aiming, not SDC1i1.].'.-. I.-LII-I-C5 U1 LESDEFD IAUTUPB. IIH-U l'¬lIlH-IHBU. l-l.IIUlli3llE925U- Ill: LCII at acquittal, which seemed a hope- The CIA had lost no time in taking asleep over the coee and sat snor- less prospect, but at a mitigation of over the anti-Soviet section of the ing gently until midnight when his sentence. Copion would have none German Abwchr, under von Gehlen, wife took him away, saying: Come of it. With a second counsel to assist and many o1 Harvey's lobsters went now',Daddy, it's time you were in her, she went over to the counter- to provoke Angieton into defending, bed. I may be accused here of in- attack and began harrying the FBI with chapter and verse, the past troducing a cheap note. Admitted. witnesses. She tied them in such record and current activities of the But, as will be seen later, Howard knots that they admitted to tapping von Gehlen organisation. was to play s very cheap trick on not only her telephone, but tele- me, and I do not like letting provo- We also had many skirmishes phones in the headquarters of the Over the various Itussian- emigré cation go unpunished. Having ad- . The court proceed- Organisations. There was the Peo- mitted the charge'of strong anti- ings began to damage the public ple's Labour Alliance NTS! , which Howard prejudice, i-t is only fair image of the FBI so severely that that Iéhould add that he cooperated recently achieved notoriety in the Hoover incontinently dropped the well with SIS in the construction .i.=8 of poor Gerald Brooke. There charges. It was characteristic of ""-rare the Ukrainian Fascists of Ste- of the famous tunnel. him that he reacted to the asco by ;-.n Bandera, the darlings of the nding a scapegoat. Harvey Flem- Jritish. Both the CIA and SIS were ming, the principal FBI witness at up to their ears in emigre politics, .n the trial, was red. But Coplon went hoping to use the more promising free. It was the triumph of a brave groups for purposes analogous to l-IE FBI was in sorry shape when woman. Whenever her name was those for which we had used Jor- _lLI reached Washington. It had mentioned thereafter in the Depart- dania. Although the British put up caught a tartar in the small person ment of Justice, an abusive adjec- a stubborn rearguard action in of Judith Coplon, a brilliant young tive was attached. r favour of the groups with which woman employed in the Department My rst house in Washington they had been long associated, the of Justice, against whom they were was off ConnecticutiAvenue. The story was one of general American trying to Iii-ing home espionage house was a small one, and I was encroachment in the emigré eld. charges. When the evidence against soon arguing the need for moving The dollar was just too strong. For her, obtained largely by illegal tele- to larger quarters at a safer dis- instance, although the British had phone-tapping, had hardened suiti- tance, eventually settling on a place an important stake in the N TS, SIS ciently to justify her arrest, Hoover about half a mile up Nebraska Ave- was compelled by nancial reaons sanctioned the necessary action, and nue. Johnny Boyd was my principal to transfer responsibility for its Coplon was pulled in. She was contact with the FBI, and I saw him operations to the CIA. The transfer caught in the act of passing docu- several times a week, either in his was effected by formal agreement ments to a contact, and the case oice or at home. He was one of Ir-tween the two organisations, against her seemed open and shut. Hoover's original gunmen in De- though the case of Brooke, an Eng- But in their haste the FBI had neg- troit--"the guy who always went in lishman, suggests that SIS is not lected to take out s. warrant for her rst" when there was shooting to aliove with the Alli- arrest, which was therefore in itself be donesnd he looked the part. He 0.1166 under the counter. Such an ac- illegal. The FBI could only effect was short and immensely stocky, l tion would be quite in keeping with arrests without warrant ii there and must have been hard as nails l ".38 ethics of secret service. was s reasonable presumption that before he developed a paunch, jowls Vlfe had much else to discuss 1 the suspect was contemplating im- and the complexion that suggests s I about Germany, since both SIS and minent ight. As Coplon was picked stroke in the oiling. He had no l th CIA n nlrl nffn :1 t ri ".8 -.....- ..0...... !'_ .1.! SHE'S!!-up in a New York street, walking intellectual interests whatsoever. 3 themselves on occupied territory. away from e. station on the Elevated His favourite amusement was to Secret activity of all kinds, includ- from which she had just emerged, play lthy records to 92.l!QIl=;l1 visit- ing operations directed against the the purpose of imminent ight could ing his house for the rst i.im-:. lie Ge:-man authorities themselves, not have been imputed to her by had other childish stren.-.a, lilL'lu .l- e nanced by the Germans, as any conceivable stretch of imagina- ing the tough, direct :...hlcssncss firm of I child. By any objective stand- -nu, snlrl nu HA tuna new us n olgwnsllnllvllolosly r'rnn|lman lllf who Ia .... W ., ... :1 92X1 . .. I r 11 I .r_.. . 1 I -._... . - _ ._ N -.'- _'._|,.: ,r- , . .~ ll 1:: .-*- =- i | a92 .._l -I !' .{92. ,, _.5__ 1 ' I ;'.:11 ' _' l I "' ,1. ' y t __ .-:1 -.' 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- * . _' . * 92l..-._ . "- "y: | ."" . "" __. _ __ _._ __..__ . .._' _il_;'_'47'T 1r .-_ . t '. . ' . . _ 92 l - _ t >, t I-"'- Oi , '4 .' ''- ' -. r - I . r - - . _ .J.EdgarHoover t '"Q r . ' a ..'- 1} ""I."""""i"1 gr"-"yr-.v | 1. --92-I V .,. ~_,I;--_-; l' _,'. - . '~ _ _ . I . J ' 9292~92>. .1 .3-'2'~ ---:f.*---.- 4 rt ' " i '1 _- _l -_'. , _-_~ 92. _'. " =,V_._'_ -. rl _ . } .. '92,-t _' _,_ '11.. 1._92 ______-_-r -. -'. I . ' 'n92. .J''92 . . - 4 1' ""-I . - ~ Q 1 . - -. - - ~ =2 .,__ ..,. '. - 92 . ' :.I ¢ ii i . . _ r -' - ' 924 I 92 -. ' r.~ . I - _ _I rt, _.92I 1. F xi'.<4 | -__, J V .' . -'1. 92 1 Ii; _ - > - ; ' _ .'-if. . P - - 1 /' - . 'y '11] l I, t 1' '. -1, = u _. Z _ - u _ . . 3.- . _ I - 4- Iiv . | k t . l / -y . _ , . _ J '_ . _l 2 , _ s t _- ll. ', ; .v _'. I '. I . '-I . '11 . . 92. 1 .l Q . 1 - - .. , . , .- v» l * .l 92 ., . ~ 1* ~ ' I r . _ .2 ' '4 1 ti. 'i l " . I I F. at zr '1'.--. t_ ' . . 1'. .4 "- " _ . - ' '. . - . 'T 1 ._,; i - .. , :92_ - r 4 l i I; 92 - Vi. If. ;-.r. _ » - =_ 4-- I t i --:-; 4?". ' .r " '9292 -<__:t.. 1." l l-,- 1-..- »-. . I'- -~| _|.,__92 -. . . -_' . .1. t ti ' it l | l 92 . . ." 1. t, .' 1'];i gr - t ., s V 92 l l -so l '3. ' t F .. _ r -v Q 1 - | v | - L l i F I . : ll t l l it -92 I ii ii r .§ C, _ V.-I| I A _, ./ '._ _ .1 _ 1/ '| l 4: - I I f , . 1! v t + - L. - - are A.~::_-___. _ ..'~r' '1A -I ~ -- ''»A-~~ j "5? ' l 1 I _ - ' I V . 92 It ,_. ; fl *1 on s,B.@Etl1ga1rH-lloover e;m:d[thc.H<IlZ>H t . . f - . . . r The failure of the FBI in the Coplont case'wasno' by and ruthlessauthoritarianism arethe wrongweapons F means uniqueor evenunusual. l cannot speak olthe tor the subtle world of intelligence. But they.have other » I ~ record of the FBI in checking crime in the United States. ~ uses. They enableHoover tocollect andfile awaya vast With that side cl its activities l had nothing to do. But I r amount cl Information about the personal lives of mil-A t had a great deal to do with its counter-espionage work, lions of his fellow countrymen. This has long been com- rnon knowledge,and it hes broughtHoover richdivi- I. and its record in that eld was -moreconspicuous for I failure than tor success. Hoover did not catch Maclean r _dends'.fromthe purse of the American taxpayer.There or Burgess:he did not catch Fuchs. andhe would not -are tew people in the world withoutskeletons in their have caught the rest it the British had not caughtyFuchs"cupboards whichthey wouldprefer to rernein dBCently' and workedbrilliantly onhis tangledemotions; hedid forgotten. The overt record shows that a distressing not catch Lonsdale: he did not catch _Abel toryears. and number of American congressmen have pasts that do then only because Hayhanendelivered him up on a plat- not bear minute scrutiny. And what about the covert ter; he did noteven catchme.' there_lt_ever was a bubble record held by Hoover?The mere existence ol the huge reputation, lsIt Hoover's.'_. ".- _ _, y 5'- " '-_ i FBI w tiling. systemhas deterred many lrom attacking ...-J-'-"" i r ' - -7 -7 _ - 7 W .__ _ K.l i . . _92w_ could not help growing very fora. ff Paterson, myself and Bobby Mac- ..¢l of his own, and such material him. kenzie, the Embassy Security Oi- could only be obtained through the Boyd lost no time in letting me cer, who was an old colleague of interrogation of the prisoner by know that he disapproved of my mine from Section V days. In the one of his own men. He announced close contact with the CIA. He FBI, the officials concerned were his intention of sending Lishmsn seemed genuinely disgusted with its Boyd; Lishman, who was then head to London to question Fuchs in his cosmopolitan airs. "What do they of the anti-Communist section; and cell. Paterson and I both received teach them in CIA, son?" he said Bob Lamphere, a nice puddingy na- instructions to tell him that such a to me one evening. "Why, how -to tive of Ohio who was responsible course was quite out of the ques- use knives nlld forks, how to marry. for the detailed analysis of the case tion. -Fuchs was in custody awaiting rich '.92I"esI He also had a deep on the American side. We were still trial, and it was just impossible to susp .-ion of the social graces of the far from identifying the source in arrange for his interrogation by United States Navy. But, as I had the British Embassy, but during anyone, "let alone by the agent of a 92.l;nu,i;!ll ii LOIldOl'1,1 g0t O11 With the .winter of 1949-50 the net began foreign power. I found Hoover in him. provided that I did not try to to close»-round the Los Alamos s. state of high excitement, and in -u t-ie92~'e.'and endured his heavy source. The choice seemed to lie no mood to be impressed by the -..~.un-..= about my CIA friends. The between two scientists of great dis- majesty of British law. He refused first time I felt the rough edge of tinction, Dr. Peierls and Dr. Fuchs. to budge. Lishman was sent to Lon- nis tongue was very fortunately! It was Dwyer's lastdirect service don, with peremptory instructions just before Peter Dwyer left for to SIS that, by a brilliant piece -of to see Fuchs, or else. The answer Ottawa- It sdhappened that the analysis of the known movements was or else. When I heard that MI-5 representative in Washington, of the two men, he conclusively Lishman was back, I called at his Geoffrey Paterson, and we received eliminated Peierls. Thereafter, the oice,a fairly grand. carpeted alfair. parallel instructions from London nger pointed unwaveringly at Someone else was in his chair. Lisb- to take up a certain matter with the Fuchs. I _ ' I man himself I found a few doors FBI. Paterson got in rst and re- The usual trouble arose over the further down the corridor, writing ceived a brush-oft"; he was told it nature of the evidence, which was on the corner of a desk in a small was none of Londons business. not valid in law. But Fuchs, em- room tenanted by four junior When Dwyer and I arrived soon phatically unlike Judith Coplon, pro- agents. The poor devil was bloody afterwards to raise the same cues- vided the evidence against himself. and very bowed. He looked at me tion, Boyd gave us a wicked look. Shortly after Dwyer had identied as if it had been my fault. such was "So thats the game," he said, lay- him as the Los Alamos source, he life under Hoover. ing down his cigar and purpling. set sail for England on a routine In the summer of 1950, I received Geoffrey comes in and I give him visit. He was arrested on arrival a letter from Guy Burgess. I have a ea in the ear. Then what hap- and passed,t|oJohn Ska;-don,of a shock for you, he began. "I have pens? You two come along and try MI-5, for interrogation. Skardon just been posted to Washington. it on . . ._" There followed a ten min- succeeded in winning his condence He suggested that I should put him utes tongue-lashing against which to such an extent that Fuchs not up for a few days until he had all protests were useless. His fury only confessed his own part in the found a at for himself. This posed was quite sincere, although out of business, but also identied from a problem. In norinai circumstances, all proportion to the nature of the photographs his contact in the it would have been quite wrong for issue which we had been told to United States, Harry Gold. From two secret operatives to occupy the discuss with him. What enraged Gold, who was also in a talkative same premises. But the circum- him was a simple matter of oice mood, the chain led inexorably to stances were not normal. I had politics. It was his job to play MI-5 the Rosenbergs who were duly elec- scarcely replied to signify my agree- and SIS oil against one another so trocuted. It is worth mentioning ment when Mackenzie showed me 9. as to exploit any differences be- that Eisenhower eitplained his letter he had received from Carey- tween us. And here we were, clearly refusal to reprieve Ethel Rosenberg Foster, then head of the Foreign mnging up against him. Yet that on the grounds that, if he did, the Oice security branch, warning him nme evening he telephonedto ask Russians in future would use only about Burgess arrival. Carey- m-; over to drink bourbon deep into women as spies. It was an attitude Foster explained that his eccentric- " no night. Not a word was said worthy of the most pedestrian of ities would 'be moreeasily over- about the unpleasantness of the United States presidents. looked in a large embassy than in a morning. There was another remarkable small one. He gave s. summary of A sluggish trickle of information casualty of the Fuchs case. Hoover, his past peccadilloes, andsaid "int about the Embassy leakage con- who had contributed nothing to his worse might be in store. What ti:-{'8 tinued to reach us. Apart from capture, was determined to extract he mean, worse'?" mutteredMuc- Dwyer, who was soon to leave, three maximum political capital from the kenzie. "Goats?" I told him that I members of the British Embassy affair for himself. To that end, he knew Guy well, that he would be staff had access to the material: needed to show that he had mate- staying with me, and that I would I /1 -sol. » . . :/c ll I it ll l ...... _,s,, . I 1 - .. 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I .1 hr. _. , r I 92 1 . , ~. v 1 From the earliest days, our careers had intertwined. 1 He had. collected money ",Pi11=111111l1!1111-1e1111yfor me at Cambridgealter the 11.*1*11.1111~gs§§'-i '. revolt ol the AustrianSchutzbund InFebruary, 1934. l There wasanother considerationwhich inclined had put forward his name as a possible recruit for the I Soviet service,s debt which he laterrepaid bysmooth- me towards92up atmy agreeingplace!. I knewwith fromBurgess the tiles thatsuggestion his record toput wehim -: '1 ing myentry intothe BritishSecret Service.In between. quite clean,in thesense thatthere was nothing recordedS . he hadacted ascourier torme inSpain. In1940. we had against himpolitically. Buthe wasvery aptto get into worked closely together in SIS, and he had paid me it personal scrapesof a spectacular nature.A colleague 1 prolessional visit in Turkey in 1948. Our association was 1. therelore wellknown, andit wasalready certainthat any' I 1 in the Foreign Otfice,now anAmbassador, hadpushed serious Investigation of either of us would reveal these him clownthe stepsof theGargoyle Club, iniuring h pest linksit seemedthat therecould beno realproles skull. Therehad beentrouble inDublin andin Tangier. 1 slonal objectionto his stayingwlth me., _ _J'' 1 1 . , 1 . " ', Y I 92 1 92 t 1 . -' . / , ./ _ . , 3 . .'.'Q ', - .. _ _ . '92 keep an eyeon him.He seemedwas still sending us reams about Km lookInto anshaving-mirrog-_ _ F. '. py that there was someone else Wlm the' Embassycharladies, and the and nd inpiration there. Once in-s v was ready to share the responsi- enquiry into our menial personnel vestigation of the diplomats started] - 92 bility. -_ was spinning itself out endlessly. It would certainly yield the right 4 In the light of what was to come, To me, this remains the most in- answer sooner or later. The great u my decision to fall in with Burgess explicable feature of the whole sf- question was: how soon! how nun suggestion ioolcs like a bad mistake. fair. There was already evidence From discussionwith my friends I have indeed given it much thought that the Foreign Oice had been at meetings outside Washington, in the past fteen years. It will not penetrated. Both _Krivitslcyl and two main points emerged..-First, it do to plead that the twist events Volkov had said so. There was, -of was essential to rescue Maclean be- were to take a few months later course, nothing to suggest that the fore the net closed in on him. That I | a r 1 were utterly unforeseeable; security three sources referred to the same was accepted as an axiom. No ques- -1 precautions are designed to give man. There is still no basis for that tion was raised about his future protection from the unforeseeable. supposition. Bu_tif the assumption potential tothe SovietUnion in the . i But, on reection, I think that my had been made, if in particular the event of his escape. It was quite decision to accommodate Burgess Krivitsky.materia.l hadbeen studiedenough that he was an old comrade. speeded by a few. weeks at most the 92in relation to the Washington leak, Some readers, prisoners of preju- focussing of the spotlight on me.- a search amongthe diplomats would dice. may nd this hard to swallow. It also lent vigour to the letter '1have started without loss of tirne I do not ask them to do so. But they which Bedell-Smith sent the Chief perhaps even before I appeared on cannot blame me if they suffer un- insisting on my removal from the the scene. I , pleasant shocks in future cases. Sec- 92 scene. It may even have been lucky But another feature of the case ond, it was desirable that Maclean that suspicion fell on me premature- was even more puzzling. I must con- should stay in his post as long as ly, in the sense that it crystallised fess t0havingenjoyed a great ad- possible. Afterhis departure,it was 92 before the evidence was strong vantage in that I was pretty certain said blandly that he was "only" enough to bring me to court. from the beginning who was in- head of the American Department Burgess arrival raised an issue volved. But, even discounting that of the Foreign Oice, and thus had that I could not decide by myself. advantage, it seemed to me quite little access to high-grade informa- Should he or should he not be let obvious, fromthe nature ofthe re- tion. But it is nonsense to suppose into the secret of the British Em- 1 ports, that we were not dealing with that a resolute and experienced op- bassy source which was still under the petty agent emptying waste- erator occupying a. senior post In 4 investigation? The decision to ini- paper baskets and snatching the the Foreign Oice can have access tiate him was taken after I had odd carbon. Some of the reports only to the papers that are placed made two lone motor trips to points dealt with political problems of on his desk in the ordinary course ,i outside Washington. I was told that somecompleaity, andon morethan of duty. I have already shown that . M ._. I the balance of opinion wee that one occasionHomer wasspoken of I gsinm access e the nles of Brita . __I . l, Guy's specialknowledge ofthe prob- with respect. There could be no real lsh agents in the Soviet Union when i . -_ lem might be helpful. I therefore doubt that we were dealing with a. I was supposed to be chivvying Ger- took Guy fully into our condence, »man of stature. The reluctance to mans in Spain. In short, our duty brieng him in the greatest detail, initiate enquiries along these lines was to get Maclsan to safety, but and the subject remained under con-, can onhr be attributed to a genuine not before it was necessary. stant discussionbetween us.My dif-1 mental block which stubbornly re- But there were two further com- culiy was that l had only seen sisted the belief that respected plications. I had been sent to the Maclean 1-2.-ice,and briey, in four- members of the Establishment could United States for a two»year tour teen years. I had no idea where he do such things.'The existenceof of duty, and I could therefore ex- I lived, how he lived, or indeed any- such i block was amply borne out pect to he replaced in the autumn thing at all about his circumstances. by the commentaries that followed -. of 1951. I had no idea what my next But it is now time to turn to the the disappearance of Msclean and posting would be; it could easily t.-er-._ to explain how it stood, and Burgess-and for that matter-,imy have been Cairo or Singapore, far _ _a-1 tin- problem'sit involved. '1own. Explanations of extraordinary out of touch with the Maclean case. The d zvelopment of the affair was silliness were offered in preference Groping in partial darkness as we givir-1. deep anxiety. It was be- to the obvious simple truth. were, it seemed safest to get Mac- but by it-sponderables, the assess- Yet I knew quite well that this lean away by the middle of 1951 at '-.~--=.-"."r'nich .'-.1 becould little better bizarre situation could not go on the latest. The second complication 1 - + t'.;:::> 3-.."-.:.sworl:.We had received forever. One day,.any day, some- arose from Burgess'- position.I-Ie . . some dozen reports referring to the body in London--or Washington was emphatically not at home in .'-J-lI'CB,appeared who inthe docu- lovlel. Intelligence ocer Walter Kri- the Foreign Office, for which he :1 ts under the code-name Homer, r vitsky detected to the West in 1940, had neither the right temperament bringing with him secret information

92 ,3 . -"i _c -" 1- '1' .' " . 92I . -- * -I-4 * ...... - <-'.*92._- _ -.--I - -' 1'. ft I it-.1-I. "'- '." f' " .-», i '3 I 'sj I . ' . I- I- ~ 4| v "~ »' " . '~-.. -SI»--.I.-_@ __ ' '-if-." " .'I .-Ii":" .".=~.." A ll: , . ...'. l.-I II ;-.l 7' I 92> - ". ti q . I J K i .I|__HI_.! - rd-_-__ I ._.._.rII~IIL,-.I_I -'I .7-T;*-_..-.7"? J ;~ it-., r. -- _. -~'I.'14 t '1-'i" ~-I -- I-1"-I . I-. I -- - I - "t ,,;'.-. = u Rh: -' -. ,.P",v'll""":_" Iii,-Iv ..I . -I-="._*-.II§".~ . 1 __ , I "_:I' I . .1 _I'-;_-"3'-I » -I.-1' - _I_'.-"., ii 92 I '."'sII'-.-::.'-__~'i.' _"-. -' I ~. . I, I K I= . I I" . L 92 _&" ~- I . 1 ; AI II ' 'e. _ vs- I y " a I § I';.JI _ I _ ."_ --_'--_ r- ' - I. " '. ",-.- < s -- | 1 IIO _ I I . I'92_ I- '1 I. ii I ;. ""'I'._~"'. -'..-.92 pi Ir 1 .I»I~ ~_.f. *. ' X . ". ti . .4 " -. . I 1 st 1 ..-If _a"'.I',I*IIII I 1.; - .| ,. I."III.SI_,I-I;..I-f,;.» If-. .I_ I I '. .. :r- . --15'. " '_. _ -1'-"-I" .'-;-'13.:I I I . - '.5 I '.I-._; J 4I *-' §I.I1--1 92 . I I 1 Ir<,I-I. . ..g .- , I. ,_._. . - »_ .I"1_} -__ .1;-I . I "01 :1 j. 4' -- :~ -*1 __ '_-.-III--I1 l I as ~ 92' . -..¢»- ¢ I1 "I '_~ . ~ ' _.r - .1 92 . '. 3 '-. l I . . *---~»"'"~'-I *2, 92-4 7 .1 I lll I .- -v 92 I 92' ._'._:|I.~_'?-I_.__._: hIlI_ II __-I.- 92. v ' ...¢- I. . -.' __ '-"ii"I . I I .'*'7". II "»I. a , . " .|- '..'4. 5 I-"IT 1 I -___| ._ _.,__,.'~. .I_I 'I"' ..' ,I 1 I.- - . v I I |- - .- .I - I-U '.92 -.92"._ .Ii.1i-."-I~. - -'.I"~. . 92 L In ,4 _I . -I _- - AI _ -. - - * . .. . -I- -- .....-'3 - . .- gs 92 .-tie-.-" ' "'/5' I _ ..I, ,. ..I. -., .,_ ->1 . . , I . ' 1 , _ I I I I I " '-1. ". ~'-I.-I y ".-L "»" - -I'- .-" v- "'~""¢",I . I! , v vs I 5 ."-92" '."92_' ' '44 _" _,. '»r . , 92 -I . z_~"" - .-aa:I».,;yf"J|anié.'. I 0 . I} ,.- - .. " ___92 I-4" I -5I,'II I I, H I KI,I u g". I I 92 -- ff '§ < " " ..-.-..I -II . " 1» - -. . 1. " "¢ - I .- I » I 1 ' .-Q vi I ., . '".u "- A vi I 4 1 _.a _ . Ia F: . 1* i,I-'... ,--. .-1 I " .- I - .. ..._, I .- , . _ . _ ..¢*h,= " .2 --at ; ._ _I - 51 .' . - . F l 92 . I I ". I - I..-. ', I. I 2 .v--'II92 ,. III :._ I I I .» I a 5 - __: L_-__ - :- d -5 ' . .' P F .- -- .'_ _ '__»¢I - I-1:1. 92 I- _,.I-III at I. __ I-LI: I, I. ; l .... EionaldMacIean', H A i'._-_:' ~. l I P I _I_ ._ __ __-I_ _ f. I > I ,_/Ii../ 92 . ll.| ' ,1. ..- "'92 .1 .I- d . II _ _ _92_ II, _ . I . 92. JIE h l ting out, and had one or two irons ,_ _ -_- . -. s..I. - - I. I,u._ ,. ,- ,. ~ln 92 I 92I I -I |',_4.l-| -I.' ~"IIdaya', Burgess w.as'regretfully in- i .in the re -in Fleet. Street. As I formed that he would have to leave. Tthey were, should be matched . .1 I-_92 _ II against the records of diplomats--r" "'2 ;resu1t, his work_forI-the Foreign- r~. . Alsoon asthe possibility of-Bur-__ I ,..- III. - 2 r Office had auered, so muchisothat gess helping in the rescue operation- stationed in Washington betwceii,_ _ 92 i the relevant dates in 1944-45 of the I . it looked like a close thing between I n emerged from our discussions, great ' Iknown leakages. I received a reply ._.II_I.,_ _.'I-resignation and d_ismissa1._ InIany'attention waspaid to my_own posi- .3 I ;. case, he waaanxious to get back to_ tion. Despite allprecautions, Bur- -from Vivian, assuring me that that .-- '17 "l . A. "England. _ ' ' I " -I_I¢ r J aspect of the case had been very .I;j '<' 92___" Ti.I gees might be seen _with"'MaclIean, '-t . .- I I_. .much in their minds. But there - A, . I:.Iz- ' In somebody's mind-I do not and enquiry into his activity might 92 .-. I. I 92:know whose--the two ideas merged :_'lead to doubts about me. There was no evidence on le that any- |__ {hi Burgess return to London and the I ;seemed very little that could be .-thing had been done about it, and 92 .I_ . I-I i I rescue of Maclean. If Burgess re- done about it, but it occurred to" "the speed, the disconcerting speed, l ._ .;'~. .. turned to London from the British me that I could help to divert sus- I of later developments suggested. -Ii .j'I . _ Embassy in Washington, it seemed picion by inaking a positive eon?- Ithat the idea must. have been rsla-I -' natural that he should call on the I tively new. I - I - _ . 7. >| htribution to the solution of the Brit-"' -_92.1__, -. head of the American Departmentl Q1. A match of the Krivitsky mate- . t "ish Embassy case. Hitherto, I had- v. I '_I_~ J rial with the reports of the Em- . I 92.'92~ He would be well placed to set the lainilow," letting the FBI and MI-5 ."~92 ' I-{F L. _.bal1 rolling for the rescue operation. do what they could. Now that the bassy leakage yielded a short list? .I_ I I. I. . It would have been possible for him of perhaps six, names which I 2 rescue plan was takingshape, there .I,_92 . "---§I'.'i'I.-" I .i w 4 Isent to us by London, wi_ththe oom- 2: '1to have resigned in Washington, was no reason why I ahouldInot ._ ',I_..- .- .*_ .. i."-"-"- and returned to London without "give the investigation a nudge in - ment that intensive enquiries were1'... i" in progress. The list included "the fuss. But it might have looked a, 1* the right direction. . '" . .'T. Iv..I<§ hit. nrirl if he la Hn 1! nn Q Han]: vnl lll'92='T0 §92nlInI92: 1' urwnd-A I-I92QBllI92PII92 'names of Roger Makins, Paul Gore- I."v"=., -a- vuw la -c-u van. an-vn vvalulla I HIIQU §l¢l92J| Is VTIUIE 1 ll-l>§l-In-I-UIQII;-L -WI.-.-"_I2-.92 ' dum to I-lead Ofce. suggesting that .Booth, Michael Wright and Bonaid tarily shortly before the disappear- Iii.-" .- .I ance of Maclean. Matters had-to be we might be wasting our time in 'Mac1ean. It may be objected uni i. |. . pl -*| I! III so arranged that he was sent back, exhaustive investigations of- the _. Maclean was not at either Eton" or I I, , willy-nilly. It was the sort of project Embassy menials. I recalleditheDxford. He was not. But MI-5 did -92|'I. in which Burgess delighted, and he not attach too" much weight to that .--92- I , J statements of Krivitaky to the best- 92 !- detail, on the ground that foreign- . I I. _I_ -brought it off in the simplest pos of my ability from memory. He had 1 I I. aible way. Three times in one day. fl{ere often assume thatail well-born I said that the -head of the SovietI _-I . -. Ihe was booked for speeding in the intelligence _'tor Western Europe, . young Englishmen must go to Eton . .~' state of Virginia, and the Governor92 . had recruited in the middle thirties Phand Oxford.! The; list . provided reacted just as we had hoped. I-ie a3-young man wno nae gone into " -Bobby Mackenzie with one of his 92 - I4sent a furious protest to the State the Foreign Oice. He was of good "Inest hours. He oered ms short Department against this agrant family, and had been educated at I odds on Gore-Bootbzwhyi He had abuse of diplomatic privilege, which Eton and Oxford. He was an ideal-'!'been educated at Eton and Oxford ; was then brought to the attention I tat, working without. payment. TI . hehad 'antered'th_eI "Foreign -Olce of the Ambassador. Within a few ~'augge'sted thatthese -data, such as '.- - I Lieutenant ielbnslx Valentina Vivian,- I _ ._ -_ Deputy Chis! ax the 89::-at Berries;--Ida, -I' ' '- ' a v I J _ ' II-- , _ .-w," -. I -; ' .v -'.r_.._--;»_-;-'._-. - it e I - q, I - 92 __- II .5 . I .' ,I1_ ;_ III I. 1.. _ I_: IN; _. I ,_r_I-II R I I I ,I IA I "__ 2_I _ II I . " I-"I'r.;_;.* ._ _ 'T_j__.. _".I_.?. 3 - I"-l " " I .!.._ _ I in themiddle thirties;he wet; a went wrong. I was quite riuht on-ems emergency. It was clear 1 that the departure of Burgess gave I classical scholar of distinction to I was nevertheless alarmed by r whom the code-name Homerwould the speedwith which the affair was rise to an emergency. But was it be appropriate; Homer, in its Rus- developing, andat the next meeting an extreme emergency? Ihad to i sian form of Gomer, was a near- with my Soviet contact told him of put aside the decision for s few hours. in order to deal with two anagram of Gore; as for ideals, the pressingneed for haste. I was l Gore-Booth was a Christian Sci- also given a pretext for writing to immediate problems. One was to entist and a teetotaler. What more Burgess direct. The Embassy trans- get rid of certain compromising could I want? -It was a neat bit of port officerhad twiceasked me what equipment hiddenin my house. The other was to get the feeling of the work, good enough, I hoped, to give was to be done about the Lincoln London pause for e few days. Continental which he had left in FBI, since that might affect the Burgess packed up and left. We the car park. So I wrote to Burgess details of my escape. Getting rid of dined together his last evening in a in pressing terms, telling him that the equipment was perhapsthe most urgent task of the two, but 1 de- Chinese restaurant where each if he did not act at once, it would booth had personalised music" be tdo latebecause I would send cided to let it wait. It would have which helped to drown our voices. his car to the scrap-heap. There was looked very odd if I had left the We went over the pl step by step. nothingmore that I could do. Embassy immediatelyafter hearing the news; and Paterson! telegram One morning, at a horribly early He towas meeta Sgietcontact on gave me a good excuse for testing ll arrival in London,"and give him a hour, Geoffrey Paterson called me full brieng. He was thenlto call the FBI without delay. It concluded by telephone. He explained that he with instructions that he should in- 1! on Iiiaclean at his oiiice armed with had just received an enormously a sheet of paper giving the time and form Boyd of its contents. Paterson, 1. 92 long MostImmediath telegramfrom doubtless thinking - that his face place ofrendezvous whichhe would London. It would take him all day .l slip across the desk. He would then would be pretty red by the end of to decipher without help, and.he the interview, asked me if I would meet Maclean and put him fully in had just sent his secretary on a accompany himon thegrounds that 1. the picture. From then on, the mat- weel-is leave; Could he borrow two red faces might be better than ter was out of my hands. Burgess mine? I made the necessary ar- _. one. The fact that my face was did not look too happy, and I must rangements and sat back to compose probably more grey than red did have had an inkling of what was myself. This was almost certainly not alter the principle of the thing. on his mind. When I drove him to it. Was Maclean in the bag? I-lad DUyd1-1--. .... tool. . -U.the ..e'..'sI 'with remark- the station next morning, my last Maclean got away! I was itching able calm. A few ashes of mischief words, 5p0liE only half-jocularly, to rush round to the Embassy and were: Don'tyou go too." lend a third hand to the telegram. suggested that he might almost be Iii-3 were not particularly im- But it was clearly wiser to stick to pleased that the bloody British had _i-rz.-._~.r.r.Mackenzie's "'5' brainwavemy usual rouitine as if nothing had made a mess of it. But I guessed :1:.c."t -'.'r.re-Booth.Confronted by happened. WhenI reached the Em- that his calm masked a personal Q1 '....il: s"-92-rtlist, they were looking bassy, I went straight to Paterson'sworry. Boyd had often met Burgess I I 11; odd man out, the man who oice. He looked grey. Kim, he at my house, and had invited him ai .. .. id least to pattern. It wa. said in a half-whisper, the bird has back to his own. Against all the I .. E'.tc._igent procedure,and it led own." I registered dawning hor- odds, they had got on well together. tnen. to put Maclean at the top of ror Ihope!. "What bird? Not Both were aggressive, provocative ~.l the list. He had never enjoyed the Maclean'I "Yes," he answered. characters; they exchanged insults ;i with mutual appreciation. At their social roundof the diplomatic corps. "But there'sworse than that , . . He had preferred the society of Guy Burgess has gone with him." rst meeting, Burgess had attacked the corruption and graft which, he independent minds.By contrast, the At that, my consternation was no '. others on the list were depressingly pretence. alleged, madenonsense of the Indi- conforrnist. In communicating to us _ 7} ___'_ _ anapolis motortrials, and in doing their conclusions, MI-5 informed us so took several hefty sideswipes at -;i -1.An_ *_ _r the American way of life in general. that Maciean would probably be .. Boyd positively liked it. He had ls up-preached whenthe ceseagainst unusss DEPARTURE with Mac- |l him was complete. Meanwhile. cer- probably never heard a prissy Eng- '1. E leanfaced with me fatefula lishman talk that way before. In the l tsir. categories of Foreign Ofce i _- gierwould bewithheldfrom him, decision. From the earliest discus- present crisis, he would not have sions of Maclean's escape,my Soviet been Boyd if he had not wondered llll . .d his movements would be put l colleagues had been mindful that how much the boss," Hoover, knew under surveillance. These last two v1. about his own acqus.int'.r.cewith decisions, taken presumably to something might go wrong and put me in danger. To meet such a pos- Burgess. I concluded that Boyd's l soothe the Americans, were foolish. personal interest would wo-.-itin my 1 but I saw no reason to challenge sibility, we had elaborated an es- l them. I judged that they might cape plan for myself, to be put into favour. From him, we went to see Lsmphere, whosemanner wasquite I serve me in good stead if anything sifect at my discretion in case of .1 = 92 IF . I. i ii ll t i l 1 . normal. We discussed the { pebuttons and drove back home, where ,-bined the Communist Party in with him, and he ventured a few I ddled around in the garden with England, and it would surely be dif- theories in his solid earnest way the trowel before going in to lunch. cult to prove, eighteen years after which suggested that he was still As far as inanimate objects were the event, that I had worked ille- far from the truth. I left the build- concerned, I was clean as a whistle. gally in Austria, especially in view ing much relieved. It was possible 'was I now in a position to give of the sickening fact that most of l that both Boyd and Lumphere were attention to the escape problem. As my Vienna friends were undoubted- COIi.i..1l!'l'.l11iiZ':. actors who had fooled it had never been far from my mind ly dead. There was the nasty little me. Bu: it was no good jumping at in the previous weeks, 1 was able to sentence in Krivitsky's evidence siini--1's. 1 had to act as if the FBI make up my mind before the end of that the Soviet secret service had >'L's'L in the the day. My decision was to stay no-... nont n .. vnnnrr yo.-..e Finn-'|in'|'92 ....n..-.. ,...... -.._--. ini1r'nnliItl' tr.-- I It was possible that at any mo- put. I was guided by the considera- Spain during the civil war. But ment MI-5 might ask the FBI to tion that, unless my chances of sur- there were no further identifying put me u1".;.er surveillance. They vival were minimal, my clear duty particulars, and many young men could easii; have done so without was to ght it out. There was little from Fleet Street had gone to my knovih-ige by using the FBI doubt that I would have to lie low Spain. There was the awkward fact represei.f:;'.ive in London as a direct for a time, and that the time might that Burgess had got me into the link with Washington. But here be prolonged and would surely be Secret Service in the rst place. I again I felt that I had a few days trying. But, at the end of it there had already decided to circumvent grace. It was most unlikely that might well be opportunity of fur- that one by giving the name of a MI-5 would put a foreign security ther service. The event was to prove well-known lady who might have service 0;; to me without the agree- me right. _ been responsible for my recruit- ment of III-6, and I thought that The problem resolved itself into ment. If she admitted responsibil- the latter would hesitate before assessment of my chances of sur- ity, all would be well. If she denied compounding an implied slur on one vival,92nd I judged them to be con- it, I could argue that I would scarce- of their senior officers. I should em- siderably better than even. It must ly have named her if I had not really phasise that this was pure guess- be borne in mind that I enjoyed an believed that she was responsible. work on my part, and remains enormous advantage over people It would have been desperately guesswork to this day. It is sup- like Fuchs who had little or no difficult, of course, if the Security ported, however, by the fact that knowledge of intelligence work. For Service had been able to check the for several days I was left in peace. my part, I had worked for eleven les I had drawn during my service When Paterson and I got back to years in the Secret Service. For at headquarters, since that would the Embassy, it was already past seven of them I had been in fairly have proved that my interests had noon, and I could plausibly tell him senior position, and for eight I had roamed far and wide beyond my that I was going home for a stiff worked in closest collaboration with legitimate duties. My only possible drink. In my garage-cum-potting~ MI-5. For niiarly two years I had defence, that I was passionately in- shed, I slipped a trowel into my been intimately linked to the Amer- terested in the Service for its own brief-case, and then went down to ican services, and had been in des- sake, would have carried little con- the basement. I wrapped camera, ultory relationship with them for viction. But I knew that the tallies tripod and accessories into water- another eight. I felt that I knew the were periodically destroyed, and proof containers, and bundled them enemy well enough to foresee in thought it very unlikely that they in after the trowel. I had often re- general terms the moves he was would have survived of hearsed the necessary action in the likely to make. I knew his les-his unwanted paper that took place after mind's eye, and had lain the basis basic armament-and, above all, the the war. There were also the num- for it. It had become my frequent limitations imposed on his proce- ber of cases which I had handled, habit to drive out to Great Falls to dures by law and convention. It was such as the Volkov case, which had spend a peaceful half-hour between also evident that there must be gone wrong for reasons which had bouts of CIA-FBI liaison, and on many people in high positions in never been established with cer- the way I had marked down a spot London who would wish very much tainty. But everyone was suscepti- llifnbln _-----.- fnr --H Hon ---v nrtinn --v---H H-92 on-.-u f Q l1 lnnn92a2 ri Y9292Unnvvr to see my innocence established. ble to explanation without reference become necessary. I parked the car They would be inclined to give me to myself; and there were two im- on a deserted stretch of road with the benet of any doubt going, and portant cases, those of May and the Potomac on the left and a wood it was my business to see that the Fuchs, which, despite my best ef- on the right where the undergrowth room for doubt was spacious. forts, had gone right. The cases was high and dense enough for con- What evidence, to my knowledge, which went right would not clear cealment. I doubled back a couple of could be brought against me! There me, but they would help me to hundred yards through the bushes were the early left-wing associa- throw the essential doubt on my and got to work with the trowel. tions in Cambridge. They were responsibility for the others. A few minutes later I re-emerged widely known, so there was no point The really diicult problem 1.92'i'.~ . . the wood doing up my y- in concealing them. But I had never to explain away my relations with fl _ ,..,..... i " I , l lid --_.|-q--w-p-~_ I _ _ . 5 i _i_ _ __ _ *7_ _ _V __ ___.. _ _

I _ - _ - _921 _ _ ._. .__ _e __l! __ _. _ e_. ~..' . I

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. 92

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Y '.=ii ~ in Moscow

I ft. i I .l.l l I 92 T_.t"921 °tT* =>»»'~1*.»"-» an i. arts};cal s - o Ru =l So, alter seven years, I left Beirut and turned up in the vous breakdown; I am living in a dacha outside Moscow; Soviet Union. Why? Maybe I was tipped olt by a Fourth I am in a big government house outside Moscow; I am Man. Maybe someone had blundered. It is even possible hidden away in a provincial town; I accompanied the that I was just tired. Thirty years in the underground is a Soviet delegation to the abortive Afro-Asian conference long stretch, and I cannot pretend that they lett no mark. in 1955; I am working in a Soviet cultural institute at The question, as Iar as I am concerned, can be lett to Bloudane, not tar from Damascus. It is obvious that none i 1 history; or rather, since history is unlikely to be inter- ol those who published such nonsense could really have ested, it can be buried right now. believed it. But, it they were guessing, why such stupid _l Fantasies pursued me, of course, into the Soviet Union. guesses? Theoverwhelming balanceof probability was Reports of my whereabouts have been bewilderingly always that I was living in Moscow and, like all the other ti various. I am living in ; I am living on the Black millions ot Muscovites, in a flat. Anyone who had haz- Sea riviera: I am in e sanatorium sutlering from a ner- ardeo such a trite guess would have guessed quite right. tr I l i ll l

.| it-.1-,~-_c--;.=_..I sharedvery few at remained of the chain? Despite all '}§._,..iall necessarymake arrange- tastes, veryfew ofhis friends,and appearances, I thought, my chances ments. This was strongly supported few of his intellectual interests. The were good. My next task was to get by the fact that it was Burgess who essential band between us was, of out into the open and start scatter- looked after the details such as hir- l ~"c.trsc, pp itical. and that was a ing the seeds of doubt as far and ing the car. And why did Burgess _'Il'IIlII-zad thni to be blurred to the wide as I possibly could. go too? Well, it was clear to Pater- f-or r. oi :r.1-'ability. To a certain ex- The next few days gave me plenty son and Mackenzie that Burgess t -:.t, geography helped. While I was of opportunity. In the office, Pater- was washed up in the Foreign Of- in Austria he was at Cambridge; son and I talked of little else, and fice, and pretty near the end of his hile I was in Spain he was in Lon- Mackenzie joined our deliberations tether in general. 7Doubtless,his Jon; much of the war period he from time to time. I do not think Soviet friends thought it would be _ l was in London, but I was in France, that Paterson had an inkling of the best to remove him from a scene l Hampshirc and l-icrtfordshirr, then truth at the time, but I am less sure in which his presence might consti- I went to Turkey, and he only of Mackenzie. He was idle but far tute a danger to others. caught up with me in Washington from stupid,_ and on occasion I Such was my story and I stuck after a yea.-. I could therefore show thought I caught a shrewd glint in to it. It had the advantage of being that 1"; .'. Lntimacynever had a his eye.'Mypart in the discussions based on known facts and almost chance to grow; he was simply a was to formulate a theory which unchallengeable assumptions. The stimulating but occasional compan- covered the known facts, and ham- only people who could disprove it ion. Evca the fact that he had mer it home until it stuck. The were the two who had vanished and stayed with me in Washington could opening was given me by the deci- myself. I was also happy to see that be turned to advantage. Would I he sion of ivii-5, which I have aiready the theory was wholly acceptable to J such a complete fool as to advertise described as foolish, to withhold the FBI. Boyd and Lamphere both my connection with him if we certain papers from Maclean and to liked it, and, in a short interview I shared a deep secret? put his movementsiunder surveil- had with Hoover at the time, he Another difficulty was the actual lance. Takingthat as a starting jumped at it. In his eyes, it had the L. course of my career. The more I point, I made a reconstruction of superlative merit of pinning all the cc-.-~.-irlered it, the less I liked it. the case which was at least impos- blame on MI-5. I have no doubt that were the known left-wing sible to disprove. It ran thus. he made a great deal of political as .o.:i.".tions at Cambridge, and sus- The evidence of Krivitsky showed capital out of it, both on Capitol ;--*_.'ed Communistactivity in Vien- that Maclean had been working for Hill and in subsequent dealings with i 3. the complete break with at least sixteen years. He was there- MI-5. Hoover may have got few win- ..._~" -.i.'.'i.i.i;nistfriends in England, fore an experienced and competent ners on his own account; but he was fr-11;."-'-¢;.too :>.i" closely by cultiva- operator. Such a man, ever on not the man to look a gift-horse ih l 310'I 'zi.i:. 1.-5'in London and Berlin; guard, would be quick to notice that the mouth. " - l '- .-.--oice of all places! of certain categories of paper were be- The position with regard to the F: '.*'..".i.iin which to carve out ing withheld from him and to draw CIA was more indenite. It was an ii _ -1 .7; tic career; then the entry disquieting conclusions. His next FBI case, and I could not discuss its . . illi Secret Service with Bur- step would be to check whether he intricacies with the CIA without '-11in and my emergence in the was being followed. As he was being , i running the risk of irritating Hoo- i. ;..:r=.'i=.ean as expert on anti-Soviet followed, he would not take long to ver and Boyd, bath of whom I was and anti-C-ornmunist work; and - discover thefact. But, while these anxious to soothe. So I conned my 1! naily my foreknowledge of the ac- discoveries would alert Maclean to talks with CIA officials to the overt ll tion to be taken against Maciean his danger, they also put him in a details of the case which became ll and the latter's escape.It was an quandary. The object of surveillance known through the press, somewhat ugly picture. I was faced with the was to trap him in company with a late and more than somewhat inac- inescapable conclusion that I could Soviet contact; yet without a Soviet curate. I had no fear of the bum- not hope to prove my innocence. contact, his chances of escape would bling Dulles; years later, I was to be '."1¢.t conclusiondid not depress be greatly diminished. While he was puzzfed by President Kennedy's "- ..nduly. A strong presumption still meditating this problem, the mistake in taking him seriously 'ny guiltmight be good enough act of God occurred. Burgess walked over the Bay of Pigs. But Bedeil- l I -. an intelligence oicer. But it into his room-his old comrade. Smith was a different matter. He . not enough for a lawyer. What could produce no evidence that there had :1 cold shy eye and a precision- . -_ needed was evidence. The chain had been an old association between tool brain. At my rst meeting wt"; -.1 circumstantial evidence that Burgess and Maclean, but the fact him, I had taken a document i I might be brought against me was that they had gone together made twenty-odd paragraphs on Al1ii:»- ll uncomfortably long. But, as I ex- it a wholly reasonable assumption.! American war plans for his scrui i:' 3 amined each single link of the chain, The arrival of Burgess, of course, and comment. He had ipped -»; ' cl I thought I could break it; and if would solve Macleans problem, the pages casually and tossed i-. every link was broken singly, what since Burgess, through his contact, aside, then engaged me in close dis- l so H , 92 l ,.,...... _ I r

....l _ . 1". Cl..>.'-s ofthe subjects -1in 8 Burgess-Maclean case. It was very 1 ow to keep out of trouble in reiei'l'l';:>.'memory to thefrom ...i important that I should obey the 1. idon. Part of his concern may bered pr-.1-agraphs. I kept pace only call promptly. While the sense of have been due to his sense of per- because I had spent a whole morn- the communication was , clear -sonal involvement in the Burgess ing ler-.rning the document by heart. enough, its form baffled me. Why affair; but I also - detected some Bedell-Smith, I had an uneasy feel- should Easton warn me of the im- genuine feeling for which I was ing, would be apt to think that two pending summons and why in his grateful. Ruthless as he was, Boyd and two made four rather than ve. own handwriting if the order was was a human being. The next few days dragged. I ex- to reach me through the normal I arrived in London about noon, perienced some mild social embar- telegraphic channels anyway? There and was immediately involved in a rassment when the news broke with is often a. good reason for eccehtric bizarre episode. I had boarded the - all the carefree embellishment of the behaviour in the Secret Service, airport bus and taken a seat imme- popular press. One of the snootier and there may have been one in this diately next to the door. When the of the Embassy wives gave me a case. My reection at the time was bus was full, an agitated gure ap- glacial stare at one of the Ambas- that, if I had not already rejected peared on the running-board and sador'sgarden parties. But London the idea of escape, Easton's letter frantically scrutinised the passen- remained ominously silent. One tele- would havegiven me the signal to gers, He looked over my left shoul- I gram arrived from London saying get moving with all deliberate der, over my right shoulder, tried that "it was understood" that I_ speed. - to look over my head and then knew Burgess personally; could I _ After a few clays the telegram looked straight at me. Dismay set- throw any light on his behaviour? . came. I booked lily passage for the tled on his face and he vanished. But the one I was expecting was a following day and prepared to say It was Bill Bremner, a fairly senior Most Immediate, personal, decypher ' goodbye to Washington forever. I ofcer on the administrative side yourself telegram from the Chief met Angleton for-a pleasant hour in of SIS. I knew very well whom he summoning-me home. At last the a bar. He did not seem to appreciate was looking for. If I had been two summons came, but it took a most the gravityof my personal position,yards away from him instead of two curious, thought-provoking form. and asked me to take up certain feet, he would certainly have spotted An intelligence oicial specialising matters of mutual concern when I me. I had never been met oicially in the fabrication of deception ma- got to London. I did not even take before. What with Jack Easton's terial ew into Washington on rou- the trouble to memorise them. Then letter and the designation of an oili- tine business. I-Ie paid me a courtesy I called on Dulles who bade me fare- cer of Bi-emner's seniority to act as Ii. call during which he handed me a well and wished me the best of luck. reception committee, I could not letter from Jack Easton.The letter Boyd was next on my list and we complain that I had not been ;. was in Eastons own handwriting, spent some of the evening together. warned. As the bus drove into Lon- | and informed me that I would short- He seemed to be genuinely'preoc- don, the red lights _were ickering ly be receiving a telegram recalling cupied with, my predicament and brightly. - [:1 me to London in connection with the kindly offered some words of advice This is the nal imulhnenl of I I-no-"pen series . I

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I , D r nut dtpgitti lnteiiieence -net lid ;;g;_" eec=FI't§~ -- be -,3 1 i immune ForeignOioe tn azuhlic ieit still ceuunr-Q.uqlrrm when anyone oug|cotr- that the! run the Secret tnteliieenee . berviee at lpies orienting uhrued. though thin In reinc- I-I-ll1|! L-timitted in Yeriiument lht eien Gnternmerit rears llu and hu every known lur-It " in much ioueer ii uhamrd Ii the Foreifn oi being Olre involved Ieeis no in the rst line Ill deienne in the - If-hnmh missile qe when lntei- ' hgenee i-Isl held is viui he w trnnsierre our-'rit"e'l. theIn - 'u0lI!&f.i:it-.1 tell ueuultire ueney.i PHILBY ';",';'.f" nooount "°"i o ; eet Street; uuuicinru about; him. Inquiries D! the Deily llturen ind nrodueed his alrne u ofithe Iiiuciun noonehiet mint-ct sit-er in the ti-rain:utter ed with Burn-It tn H151. l re- member discussing Phllhy then as the like!-iest Third Mun ' with Mr. C_92'rii Onnnoliv of i-he sundn Times. l have u memorunnum Iron: Dnilr DonuldE; Seaman urert which tnvestlnwrhe Inh- milled tn 1953 ltliin: thn n Iormer rnemher oi I§t.l.5 huii told him thnt Phtlhi huti eleried the Snriet Emha-an tn Washington. who uuued the warning to Marleen vi: their embassy in London-" Be ulna stated tint Phiibr I'll l Corn- muniei uent from youth. The mtlir liznruli wnld not III this rnformutinn but:-anur ne the libel ten. The eecuritv authorities reiuued in comment on 51.5.it. nan onliellllet Lhnulh um-tel! onerim-Jof Phiinq - ruled thiuit tt. othercould well lend; be IIIIIGIR true. I- F Foreirn Thiir-not D61:-e en! *'-explains lend with Rh!the the Buverbeouit newspapers continued to irirestne thei hnrkgrnunds nl Phiihy Burg:-st. Mariean md Mrs. Marleen who time niwed toieit her Mus:-on htband to nut! livehas with Further Philhy.eircnnistnnnui e'I"i- i dent! mains: Phii'u,92 was ml- lected during H354 and 1955 and gmne n! thin wu pinned hr me toSir M.i..'iGeorge vi; Thomson. the late But Adtnirni I the eectlritg to he uuneiniu! authorities w the :-nntinued.nerv- l plptrl or touct themselves Throughout their memoirs Phiihy hut lined Ii the uecnritr_ 1:1-vices fur their twin oi action. new he jibes at the uoweueuerl , - torIlit being venomous tlmlihtts.remlrle about . lpertictiler the Benverhruoh nrcnrti new-lnanen with hisin noitelni Arne-ricnnintelligence uttituiieto men thanwho j ethtnrtcd in relating his treacherous to hue im gur- wk resigned in Viuhmgton. lmtn I-he Alter Betrethe ervire hunirteein 1951 were the Inr newnnper;more danprruu! to him than I-II! investigations euthortues.Iho hy the had n eeeuritrbit; veered the fmlde lntereli not in only nreeerrlnelttut he Ill innocent but I'llbeing rictitnieed. hciiritiet Oirini inquiries weredropped Into 'H921!h,y|in i 52 nnd were renamed three run later only when iiiechmtru hr I'et1-or, the I-uninn lrhu leleru-d to Auetrulie. turned e reopeniltl oi the cue. Then. after Phliby] name luti been .O|!ii'P in Parliament, he III re-eninlnyed by the Beeret lntellilente 5l'r921ce no 1 Middle Elli hjent Ill-it the out-er joh of Ioreign mrrennndeni for | The Observer i ; M Philhy reveals. the Beaver- brnnii newt-papere remlined on i his track Ior never!-i more yarn I0 hat-in; them.he hni good it remuin relso uhnutIm- them uito Iurther the I-uuinei prnplpndn Burt-me oi deni- retin¥ 1'the Ivblted cunitlltrt

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Dd - ------- 7---~.....,....., Wulri only manor modmn. W next iuorm gamer U: began fern of um r;-me;-, momer m her an hi D1'ayw' II.-J: me defection cl Putrov 1.n Glrdens and ulepnoned m A_1ut.:-alts and some nu: very 8.1.5 friends Bo tell them that !-1 rweslmg re s he l1'lld.~ °°"-*1 B0 36 keev nlence. nbom. Bu:-I Maclean. W Thu nzreev ~ I would have Iiael. Sure ed we Kim!- T0 la! some some bime. bql ig I lllr hue-n uber the EU:tiser:zu92u-*1-|hKm %~ *3 OEW Lmgtmoverlgy*.::::n"=:a1111 _ Third wan a M-an dmerence. bun mu Lime Somebodymore fwhboml mama" I iw myI-h_EhOOmmcl1§.m ' mu Ln leaked my mma to ma nan Tine U1s§:='1a2§imm'. °r u" ere wer Hlp-era. , dhwnnecwda we d§§=v§'L1f°m§ H 1| qu-0 nnuaumn In Q buned the telephone under 5 new of the hundreds 0! bou- "i'_°i~?P",m,£K mumona. I went unda at ooundu which ml , - Euular Itrfelml Pres: But. must Irma} lave minn-men! Iorr_nan&s":§, luqg r.Lf92{§!°?:~J>°§?:i£92e-d -the aI92:b°qd.92nq_ w ins smu 5!. g92¢q.eé on gnu..,,-n- 92 gfg T°.§¢u:a val; ml :§°192c- . tgoéumg 15%;;-5095' ta i =.:*:¢ »» D M W 92. qelmd B go i92!,;ac]1!!D.'F

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crime for which they were executed. Phiiby, who knew eii about % the Fuchs-escnberg espionage ring I also knew before hand that the F33 through Harry Gold had identified the Rosenbergs and MortonIT - -'- nvull r, '5 nu I-rrl -'spies. . hilby and his Russian spy chiefs in eeces even knew that the F31 planned te errest the Eesenbergs secri and Morton obell, yet they chose to TheR rice them, most probably to keep Phi1by's identity a secret. osenbcrgs, therefore, 92 were enbnrressed to death and-Horton Sobel 1 received an 92 1 < embarrassing SS-year jai1.sentence. The Soviets evidently later feit sorry about that 36-year sentence for Soteii, as revealed in i the trial of master spy Rudolph Abel. The Soviet spy chiefs directed Reine Hahaynen, an uuercever Sov iet agent in the United States, to ecliver to Sobel1's wife the sum F ier nor husband's devotee were es e sensor oi the Rosenberg ring, Mrs. Sehell never received the money as Ha haynenof $5,GoO spent as it compensationhimself. i There was not very much they couid do to c ompensete the Rosenbergs. 1 . 92 .. Philby must have iclt some rcsor so about the Resenbergs 1 92 sni Soteii for he later made sure to arrange escape to Russia 4 for his gay spy colleagues Guy Burgess and Donald Haclean. He seems a quite proud of this feat and one wonders about possible further startling revelations to come after y Silent War. 92 P."|" "'92""' L92 -JJ. ... .1 .... 1--r I! 1-92_-11.:_.,-,-. Au-.4-Q,-1 e/is ee nemeranum R.D. Cotter to Er . H.92,¢. DLLI-J..LVe-ll uruvul. prepared by HDC:scr, captioned " unterintelligence Co and Spec;i Operations, Nationalities Intelli gence!, Harold Adrian Rusel Philby, aka Kim Philby." _

l 92 r 0 92

1*» , -1 '.'5 I r - __.I- M ,/.11 t c.rno|-nu: roan: no. IO MID-I06 on sin. no. no. zr e' UNITED STATES !92/ERNMENT

f Memorandum if

TO gm,-Q Mr.W u wg Y.u-u-__-.-w---S1111-ivan ATLL am _ FROM R. D. Cotter ' - _ '

SUBJECT: AND SPECIAL OPERATIONg ' NnTIONALITIES INTE DNCE! 92 meow Kim Eiilby Ann1An_nu§§§g_L_e¬, HILBY,S "" aka

I -I eacxonounn: ' U Philby, an admitted Soviet agent, served as British intelligence MI-6! liaison with CIA and FBI in the U.S., October, 1949-June, 1951. His memoirs published in book form - "My Silent War," 3/15/68, Grove Press, New York, are KGB-designed and highly critical of the Director, the FBI, CIA, and British intelligaice. §u] OBSE RVATIONS: 3" Q ! In "My Silent War," Philby verifies the guilt of the Rosenbergs as Soviet agents. Soviets through Philby were _j aware of the Anglo-American investigation of the Fuchs- 1 Rosenberg espionage ring and the impending FBI arrest of the Rosenbergs and . Despite this knowledge, Soviet intelligence sacrificed the Rosenbergs later executed! and 92 Sobell inattached currentlymemorandum serving a ii igblic 30-year source sentence!. material.All information I

Q/5

92 |--.. ., TY - -qr ., .. ...-. """"' :3 .. . _ 92__ I .

JIIIIIIIIQI April 29, 1968 1 -illi-I "My 9ilc £;t' MarN 1 _ by him Llllbj Grove ___r...._ldress 23 *2 Pages $5a95 '

His Philby, the author of "my Silent Eur," ooerated as s high-level British diplomat and super-secret Soviet spy for 92 some 33 years before fleeing to Soviet Russia. The book, published by Grove Frees, could hardly be expected to contain any startling revelations about the work oi Russian cloak and dagger operat1ons- but it does. _

The author describes the book in his preface as an introductory sketch of his experiences in intelligence work and ,_ odds that more will follow. Significantly, he offers his apologies ' , for any embarrassment he may cause former colleagues in the U.S. 'A an; Britain. He adds that he "...tried, therefore, to confine the - k £ names to former officers whom I know to be dead or ' ' retir

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, Philby's Soviet spy colleagues, are dead, executed for giving U.S. atomic secrets H to Soviet Russia. Certainly Phi1by_was not referring to the Roronhergs in offering his apologies for embarrassment to { issuer colleagues, however, "Hy Silent War" reveals that he, ' one his Russian spy chiefs in Moscow, had already embarrassed the Resenhergs'to death._ l . ! Herold Adrien Russell Philby served as a top-ranking Iritish Secret Service official working in liaison with the CIA and FBI in Washington, D. C., from 1949 to 1951. In this cogscity he knew all about the cooperative American and British investigation of Soviet spy Klaus Fuchs in Britain and ho states that the confession of Fuchs led to Harry Gold and "...the chain led inexorably to the Rosenborgs." _This is, in effect, a startling first admission by Philby and the Russian: that the Rosenbcrgs were Soviet agents and indeed guilty or the IT.'C:scr 0! h .SEE I?0IE PAGE Two n-=7? d/,»:~ Y »* J: i!!i::::: l 5-3 5l"*1"'/ti/{J/1s§'°:avvsrszelrwli-"I'm 15 mi , n?/~ ~ * »g92 y i " 92 '___ omon-u. non: no. Ill um-mg mu nu lnmou UNITED STATESGO92 LNMENT M emora ndurjfy

Q -. M _ l

T9 1 M1. ' -...... UA'll:.: uuuc I----92 GD ../I ac, FROM 1 W. a>>£§g§n A. !

summer;

and - I *1 BOOK "T:1 Ham/<1 Yaw CONSPIRACY" 071w-anf;14;'.1~_.

This memorandum is a review of the above captioned - book,

BACKGROUND: '

Philby is the former MI-6 Britis h Intelligence Service! agent who defected to Russia in 19 63 and is still there. He has written a book in which he states that he was recruited as a Soviet agent in 1933 and operated as s uch for 30 years. THE BOOK:

The authors have written a compre hensive review of the entire life of Philby and have obviousl y contacted any pe on who had dealings with Philby. The weakest portion of the bo deals with Philby's stay in the U.S. from 1949 to I951 and f this it can be assumed that their sources i n the U.S.-were not as cooperative as their British sources. The writers also tra the development of Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean as well as Philby from their youth, through college, and their careers in ' the British Government up until their defec tion to Russia. In analyzing the actions of these men, the wri ters feel that they were moved by a "quasi-religious faith" and believed that Russia was better than England because it had adopted communism. They feel that these men were successful because the British society could not comprehend that an Englishman mig ht he "in bond to an alien and all-justifying ideology." The y also introduce the ___. K- K I K.! .

ll _ ____l__..._ Ii! .l 192..__._!__.__ J._ an an nIg__'I'l:_____ MCHIUTHHUUIH II; e nranlgan "CU Ila U0 DULLIVHH RE: BOOK REVIEW, "THE PHILBY CONSPIRACY" 1'

THE AUTHORS:

Page , Leitch, and Knightley are all employees of the "Sunday Times" of London, England. They are part of a group "n-Fnavrwnrd In kn &C.l.9271-I-U!-I. 92r92J l-J3 that newspaper as their "Insight Team" consisting of ten people who spent many months interviewing everyone they could locate who knew Philby.

THE PUBLISHER: This book is published by Doubleday and compiny, Incorporated, and Bureau files show we have had cordial relations with this company. 1

MENTION OF THE FBI:

There are several places where the FBI is mentioned. For example, on page 159 the authors state that some Agents of the FBI were sent to England in 1943-44 and one of these Agents was "Melvin Purvis, the man who killed ." This is, of course, not correct since Purvis was not in the Bureau in 1943-44. -

Again on page 244 the authors discuss the angry reaction of the Americans to the defection of Burgess and Maclean and Philby's connection with it. They state that FBI men were enraged since their pursuit of Burgess was thwarted and "there was a picturesque moment when a'muscular, pistol-toting Agent strode into the British Embassy and demanded to question Philby about the whereabouts of Burgess." This, of course, is completely fictional.

ACTION:

It is recommended that this book be placed in the Bureau Library. U 92//r 01/,,,»*'/1//A D Q592.,, 1/W I2 21*» D .H M7 - n, h,-WM 92 I hymns, I 92 I . w I .. ...-. 0-197- Rev.17-68! & ' 92./

_ On New Year'sDay 1038, near the village at Teruei. Spain, rshell fired bySpanish Republican artillerystruck an automobile containing four newspaper correspondents. Three writers died, incln&g Edward J. Neil Jr., of the As sociated Press.'lhe survi- lone vor was Harold Adrian Russell Phiiby,then reporting the civil war for the LondonTunes. - In retrospect the hicident appears fantastic," E. H. Gookndge. A Soviet qay, who for over a year -had done his best to betray Franoos se- haci escapeddeath -om 1/ / ' l i shell possibly &-at by Brit- ish compatriots in the Interna- tional Brigade, and ind been decorated by the leader of the Spanish Nationalists.But it was not the rst and certainly iii not tiastpiece good of luck ___i_ in Ki hilhyjs lite." Philhy connived his wayto / , an inuential. - position in the i Service, and persistently for some so yea1 ranmiw __5oi!|et§ptary and diplomatic secretsto £2 i I theE Kremlin.hiss MAN.ri3§iSE. Even though he a. stem in This Oiié was publicly denounced as a t. __..,i-ii,- golrridge.gay,pages. Philby $5.95. t could- not ,{' will he Putnanfs.cur- by Sen. Joe McCarthyrescind iraed. isHe now presumed tain. its Mg;and thecases of to living in comfort in M06- Cookrldge was a wartime Klaus chs, Alger Kiss, Ju- cow. secret agent tor-the British dith Ooplon and others burst ii i Intertwlned with Philhys and a newspaperman who has career were those oi two other written extensively on espio- But, nevertheless, Philby spies for Russia, GuyBurgess nage. He knew Philby for 33 supplied an abundance oi in- and DonaldMaclean. fhilbyyears, and in The Third formation to the Russians con- 92 II ||I.IB*' Man, he attempts toretrace cerning U.S. moves inthe Ko- the British diplomat-s-*yi de- rean war. He alsohelped the vious movementsand?assess Reds smash a rebel invasion |92~°t-I-1I"'c<'~'his character. "'*J"A'M'° , -of Albania,apbt - mw laid by 58West- 4 Philby is described asa good ern agents. Apparently one of or conversationalistsl despite a his cloak-and-dagger contacts stammer. He drank hard but Ins Col. Rudolf Icanovich I could hold his liquor and never Abel, the Soviet mastergay. enjoyed rowdiness.In general, i Wasilioiln Scenes ' his relations with others tend- As first secretary ct the ed to he impersonal. liritish Embassy,in chargeof C W Burgess, on the other hand, liaison with the CIA and the was witty,gregarious, a heavy last, Philby brought Burgess 1 drinksr, ' a host at disorderly here as, second secretary. arties andan unabashedl_flacl_e_an secretarywas oithe omosexual. Cookridge detects Combined Policy Gommittee indications that Burgess black- on Atomic Energy and accom- mailed Maclean into joining Eljslnda devastating job in the Sovietspy apparatus. traying U.S. atomic secrets. The Washington Poet "Old Boys Network" Although hewas theleast mo- Times Herald .____..__.'_.._._._. tivated oi the three in qaying, All three titted nicely into Cookridge callathe enormity The Washington Daily News _i the old boys network." Each of his crime difficult to gasp. The Evening Star Washington! .___._ _Q_______1_U,."'l_'l.l__ItIf _'__g92fD5WA; _ yws_*J5______w_QI 1%._'___AMV";__M%__3*' ___W;MymyV_Hm_M _ __h_d_A ___A._?__i___&*H__*_M___i92___A:my__MM? V__ I W:fi__W _____il _ _hV H_ TWmm_ _Hm_H; f i_m 1_ M YW _ kV wA_ _i_WMmMpi¬mHunv__f"__xk__h¬F1'J.riv">Jr_Hr_W__h___InH _ it 92 _.

The three favourite refuges for defectors are Moscow, Prague and East Berlin in that orcier the three scratching existence. Yet those who have gone over will not admit disillusionment. Is their oomrnitrnent WHERE THE GRASS IS ixgxi. Suiting. aosuretl, master spy Kim Phil!!! right!denied implication hi the Barge!- Maclean defection of 1955

*p

to Moscow. Heltinuelf !o..".-ied = from hire! - I; I962, and in 1967 married Maclunk wife, Melinda, with Idiom he is seen left!.They were photographed by John Phby belowle!,his 25-311.!-ON son by his second wife, Aileen rlme..vr!a Fe.-ee, vrt-e diet! Q John visited him in Moseolr in I I969 and joined him on holiday a , In northern where lie gee- photographed him belbwright} if!-t tting alone on the bank of tie river Vllytty. in 196$ the J! Basia e92.ee..I'ée~é Phllbg the ii J Order oftbe not Banner far "lePt!for1lyearsofspying.'I92e .!k{i;,Q I reads i Vi 3orlsas etuie World, uatm" , I "hl"'f"" _~,_,,' ._" F 2- "I -.:,.--

- Y3I.@9292_ 4.

1, nae: -_ Tr _--T i . - ' ,1-. In 4" 31 *3 "-1 u 4-_ ...... -._ _,92- . . H1 -_¢ .='<"-5: . 92_ _- t _,. I 92 .-__ _ i _ _ ti-, . t _. .. .,....:a.-_i..af~¢-_._. wuhavinglunch inthePte1sClub reply oould be argued as legitimate in 01' East Berlin recently with John the context of the time, the American Soottish ement he said. Ah dinna lake for the Foreign 1-11181-138=$ Ptlbliahing Poet. In 1950, Peel, While Retll-u"atanning of Wes: Germany, the rears alrtupondenl in West Berlin, lud- ofre-on-serging Na.r.ien'i, the Gmtapoiehthe boss classes", within whose ranks House, ootriplaining that Mayakovsky -mly defwed to tiw East. A h::tr.~or=aerul-r-tnrue nl lhr lrlnnntsnr W be ev-iiiently did not include Joseph was out of fashion, Mayaktwsky 92 attraaive, untidy man in his earlyServitr tmdor the sinister Reinhard Stalin. Umally, when one tracks down writing staccato poetry. with some- Gehleti But it is not legitirnate now. e tie!-'.e1.~:.¢!, not E! aw talc L1 itself, ottly two words to a line. John- l _'J'ties he now runs an eleie-ni and none died secure and poor, an Active 92 men it-my Communist wtimemta West Germatty under Willy Brandt has the response is a shy. aly smile which thee! cited Democratic German R!- perhaps the mutt t-anely liberl-I regiroe infers, "Ah! U! told you the enith, member of the Moscow Robert Burns the wtstzm world. Dcfection ha-I God, how Iurprisoti you would be!" Society. ponfromacJttt1e1edoit:iriKramen- And even when the answer is simple, i_ etsruee, just on the wrong side 0| oortairtly not made Peat tit:-h. His mi: And silence. we: %"*~.....~;.'ipt, his F-19 C-e.rJ__I'92Arid usually one nds that there Ire hirnwaanotaomuoh"Why.aa Wutbtwtczr battered . . . . two answers, sort-ielirnes more. A aaeoondoneh.aswbeinvemed.Tbe But at least Pee! replied, which h who lotows Poet than I "Wily then?", In defect when the suggested that his decision to defect reason for the del'ee:tion of Burpett, Berlin blockade Ind the Communistrate among the defectors. A.rchihald Maeletan, Philby and Bruno Ponto- lup d'ét.at in Cktndtoslotvlltia in 1913 Johm-tone replied, too. He was Moe- was not unconnected with alimony oow editor of Britti-it Ally, an English nrrears. And lohnstone knew that the oorvc, the slom adcntist, could not i were still hot news, revealing the tell Soviet authorities were about to elm-ie have bwn simpler. They pot out by ll-Ind ofstllin. the heel: door as the Fuzz was coming 1 i-iis t? v-ii, it '--2: trot ti: C-e-'>maga:.ineanstleintheSo'¢ietUniondown British Ally and was terried of retumjng to the rat race of private in by the tone But they have te- many l wt: defeating Io. It was the written theirhiatori=t.Nowita!lhm 92 Germlny 1 wt defoctlnl, from. mi e.".er ea wet, and in dc!-et-tee! its 1949, And possible unemploy- fbllowud less than a year later by his ment. He preferred eecurity on a something to do with Arrierian I'll- I4 assistant Robert Dagleish. In his thick pittance, translating poetry by the fine mongering, Joe MoClrtlty. im- perialism, paw. l Indeed, in his book. Bfllisf Foreign 6 92 '92>J D . . - ._ _".">"'*Qtd_"-""'~- 1" "' - _-,*~ he .. _.n__ -_~ .._1..-=r1-_---_-a. o most intractahly hard-line capitals behind the . To most they offer no more than a bare rather a fear of returning to the Western rat race than a realised ideology? By GEOFFREY BOOCA NOT ALWAYS GREENER Professor BrunoPontneorvn, the _ .',.<-:'. " ~-Q _'Italian-born, British atoltlc En: ' 0- -"7 lclentist, defectedto Mosoowh H _ t I, f 1950, aged 3'7,mysterioqlly after QM-'22. MaIlisa i pearmgon holidayIn . Justphelorevanished he wan he photographed left,in mac!with Prof. F. " Y I-Jirieo Fermi,the ltalo-American acientiat, whenthey visited the Q Ultraeosmic RayCentre olCu'vi|ia. Pontecorvo isone ofthe lew who hasbeen ableto eonnnea brilliant careerln Rnsaia, I-9292 working lnthe laboratory at ie Nuclear ResearchCtattre at Dubua,near Moscow right!. .- { '[n 1967he wasappointed headof { s - I newSoviet Schoolof SpaoePhysic i on lake Baykal inSiberia. earning -=1 7 3 .1 It the same lime£6,000 yearly ea - ln roubles In Dubna,and enjoying the rareprivilege fora delector of acting hostto rlaltittg II _.92} f delegations offoreign scienata I < - --:--or-V, , .','*1*1-rrr-I-=-r--' " . .-..- - _ --,., Home for Ponteoorvo andhis wife l lel, and their sons,has hem for the last 20 odd yarn the 7'9 aelentlc villageof Dnlata, I ln the silver birchforests north | t ofMoseotv.lhereh:leadsthel|le > of a distinguishedscientist, wt well paid,ultltled to Black Sea 1 holidays,I ar and all the other it privilege: ofthe SovietUnion! technocracy. Walkingdown Gorky Street, Moscow right! he looks today mndilike le otlaw lnhabltanta ofthe Rnllan it capital. Recsitly Ponteulno has been on a high- energj physicsaynchrocydntron .w-. which aeeeleratestnlnttte particles ofmattertowardtheapeedolHis brother,Guido F l ' - T ...-_- 9 r__ _ . I Profasor of Gqldlu r ow Univeralty,works London forthe Imperial 1 r

Policy SinceSuez Ho-dder!,Donald J . "I" "'- Q Maclean explainshis pellmell flight Q iv ._ N-'" from Englandlike this: When, after . 91 '1 7 CanearBeeean:hF|I|d kw _ __-P _ a having spentthe rst 16 yearsof my working lifein theDiplomatic Service,which holdsone to I rst marriap lfound myselffaced withthe necessitydespite thetemptation totry a amend. of nding a newprofession, I decided The henpecltedlittle man in Noel We knowit. They lmow we knowit. hooligans, withouteven a car to help after muchouting about,that whatl Coward: Fldlldd Oak defected to Kim l"'hilbysusual admission to Roy him escapefrom thestilling claunro- was bestqualied todo wasto contri- Latin Americato escapea monstrous laclunan Of the Dally Express that phobia the authorities decidedhe bute to this muchwider problemby life witha shrewiahwife anddaughter, he missedan ouzsionalpint of bitter wasn't oneworth and took it away, makinga eontinous atudy .. . of the_ and therethe play ended. Butif one or a lunny aftemoon at lords, it and friendsbelieve theshook hastened process of development ofoontem- take: theaoene beyondthe nal eur- profoundef thanit sounds.This isnot his breakdownand death!.Pbilby ponry British foreign policy." tain, it is aafe to presumethat the amall etu.It is the essenceoflife forced todefect beuauaehe had l As a eompulsive expatriate,having little manwould never master Spanllh, and happineaa. foundout, but he actuallywent further lived all my adult life in almost any never acquirea taste for prbanzm, Which malts Philbya defectionin than Burgessand Macleanand bamme country but my own,l have always many way:the moatintriguing ofall. a Soviet citizen, whichthe othertwo been fascinated by defedion. There isa enioyagoodaipofteaorllinMore vividlythan anyoneelae heknew nevw did. little ofthedefector inus all, restrained what he was letting himself in for Taking the curious prooeaa of hecaux we suspect thatsomewhere anotherpools coupon;in otherwords, beoluse Guy Burgess washit beat payehologial aelf-immolaticmfurther, over therainbow wewill nd aorne diaillusion andbitterness. Forthe do friend and told him endlessly ofhis thing notbetter butworae, therestraint factors tothe Eastit is equally r-afeto miauy. If Philby, in the oornfortof onenotioesthatmanyofthenxiat aasume thatnot all the hard-currencyBeirut in I962, Closedhis eye: and good: in the Berioska stores, or thought of Burgess hewould lee a ostentatiousdefections plane toolt privileged holidaysin Sochi,or tickeu wretched ruinwearing aaoup-stained during the harshest daylof Stalin's to endless perforrnanoes of Swan Eton tie, permanently drunk,in a Cold War; Burgess and Maelean; l Lake oreven ooearuofvodlra eornpen-ca-amped, overhntedtwo-room at, Bruno Ponteeorvo;,Ralph aate for what they have abandoned.hia teethhaving beenknocked outby Putter; Archibald Johnston: and 1 .1 Robert Dngleiah;John Poet; Alan Wuiningwn andWilfred Burchettwho 1- w V 15 bII----l-~1_TFT-- ---'--'F-*---- Y ' """'" '* -' 1- " >""' '~-- -- -:7"I'92r¥-~-» 1"" _ - '='--¢i;11§w I

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covered the from the north for The Worker and Hiu-matte respectively. There is a rl.IIl'l.l!G sub-division to their motivation. The three favourite tefum for defectors are Moscow, Prague and Fast Berlin in that order E - not the 1968 Prague of Duboek, 'I l but the sudotaungly oppressive Prague l Of Novorny and Gottwald. In other Word! they overwhelmingly ebose the three most intraetably hard-line capi- tals. The teaaon for this is quickly l apparent. In the freer air of or they would have hgm oonsidered raving lunaties to abandon 0 the West and aettle in the East and would have been treated as such. In the tough capitals they had Big l 1 Brother's protection. i Ihlve a theory of my own for their almost manic secrecy, and I believe it has nothing to do with political Tm. l Most ofthern were in, or on the fringes t l Ofjournalism/T'|'teykJ1ow that-veknow they lead miserable lives in shoddy l, apartments on ooclje Wagc,5_ 5q'3|_g,|-|. l ing for the odd bits and piooes that make life leS$ uncomfortable Poet ll lmeptod my invitation to lunch, paid for it himself in Eastrrtarks, and took -; my Westrnarlts for hirnaelf. Nothing wrongwith thstofeourae: ithas been sou-etaryandtoallappearanees rs-ymtachoneoftlle l done in every country which has had not redefeet. Sing Sing and Parkhurst it currency trouble, including Britain!. offer prospects even less pleasing than was thinl They an hear the laughter of their the Kutunovsky Prospect of Moscow, collegnea" lleagues in El Vino; and Poppins but one would think it would be Q? Fleet Street, and the thought galls.comparatively easy and painless forthe I-Iouae. Some of the brighter ones i-t-nae-=»t1sat:¢t»iii=1ittra' ii '"' I S-ometirne ago, George Gale then of atrial] fry, of whom there are many. are employed by Novosti, the go-go press azenqi on Pushkin Square, or he looked for style. In comparison, Re Sit'ada;92= Totes was itivurii East Hui ibcy stay put, too, and rarely by Moscow Radio. it Berlin with a guide who said, Alan come back One reason was suggested Burgess, Joltnstone, Dagleish and the The British colony pines for Britain, others were shueked olfto menial tad: Winnington lives pointing tn in an eaallent book. A Room in of translation. 4 an apartment bloelt our the Karl Morena, Written by Sally Belfr-age, but, like A-one Johnstone_ is terried Mars Allee. OI the thought Ofthe initiative tvhmh Q Winnington." said Gale. "I'haventwhowasoneofthernheraelfinthewould have to be applied to survive tn . -tnetuanou seems an uaential l }':',en him lino: 13 yea-rs ago. Fifties. a free society. The free medicine and H pl-fl of tho Moat:-Ow tlefoion Let: call on him. free eduuition are constantly stressed soene and it is hard to avoid ii l They did en. Winnington peered out According to Miss Belfrage n1-any when its members talk to Westerners.concluding that the soviet Foreign of the door and excla.irned, "George of the expatriates had been ill-used But the tea-time ritual is observed as Otoe authorities enjoy watching that l Gale? Haven't aeen you since Gtirial" and tortured before achieving limited faithfully as it ever was in the outer hapless foreigners squirm. Donald aooeptanoe. She asked them why they stations of the . The late hlaelean humiliated Guy Burgess by He was oordial, but, said Gale, the , r Il strange thing was He did not invite stayed. They explained that the Soviet Rene Mat:Coll of the his superior position in the Soviet hier- m it'll.t> his it!" Union did not wish to give exit visas recalls how one defector recognised archy. Maolean also humiliated Ralph Parker by coming to Moscow at.alL Glk at it .71: Io British, French, Italian or other hirn, rushed up to him. and, struck Sunday nmes. Shortly after that Ciolin nationals who would then go borne almost dumb by the tumult of Parker was one of the oddet birds of questions he was longing to ask, could the Moscow aawd. He made the l IAWIOD Of tht! Daily Express I-aw and oornpleiri of .."-rutelity. & it l offered exit visas on condition they on-ions switch from one Moscow 4 Wu-mingtoo in East Berlin and oom- bureau of the London Time: tn the Inentod on it. Winnirtgton lillld, "Oh rst became Soviet citizens wonderful onlyatart92merout"Andte-lime... yes. But I was rully in a predicament. bureaucratic Soviet thirtkinglj. But Moscow bureau of The Daily Workw. 1 . fearing that they would then he even h=h=ho'-'-' . . . :.-e thira Golda:He rra.-"r"-e Rnezien 3-l and titre"-'-' in I .i I had just half an hour tn finish a Green? - a qumtion which Maihll bookIwas92a'riting.AndIhadtoptinoreatthernercyoftheregimethanfound truly aad. l the manuscript to the publisher there I was given limited aooess to the hislotwiththellussiansandiabol and then. I was really under pressure. It boaauae one of its members was l before - and not believing a word the l I had just 30 minutes. I could not ask Russians tell than they pmfettod to longing for up-to-date gossip about l George in. It was terribly important tievedtnbethepersonwhothmighti keep their passports and stay. cricket the way Ben Gtinn pined for '_1-rieet the deadline." Staiistins on the etlbgoct ate, of cheese or, for that matter, the three F _a course, impossible to obtain. There sisters for Moscow!. He salted me to uptbeidea ofaootaingtl'teUttited ____..__awao|viaoneofthetoughest may be ten or 15 families living in all him "just .lirrunie" and insisted l _ . Lcharaeters in Fleet Street. HeEast Berlin, not counting the oating am vwy Irlteil to the Soviet Union Stats ofusing gr;-rn warfare in Kora cross-examined Winninglon re» wash oi military desertere who are for allowing me to stay." Happily I was James Cameron lhared a room with l morselessly about such a desperate usually persuaded to wash haelt. a able tn supply him with the ca-icltetinghim at the Bandung conference and ii deadline, found the answers uncon- titbiu he wanted, and one oftbe in- retails him at aoartingly ill and is a i vincing and his conclusion was that the aoore in Prague, at least one theNoel .. -"K Field family! in Budapest, about eight direct upshot; was a brief smsion with Ion of physical despair". sight of Gale was too painful for Win- in Peking, and an inmlc-ulable number Donald Haclean. The bacltbiting and Next Philby buntiliatod lvlaclean by l . ning-lon to face; a successful corres- of all nationalitiu in Moscow. community haired that goes on among taking away his wife. And now Philby pondent free to travel at will, while he, the expatriates can be imagined, and himself has been humiliated. Wheat Winnington of the Morning Star, had Sorne are famous, even eminent, like Ponteeorvo, Ivy Low Lit»-inc-1, widow I do believe that Khrushchev'a @- Georg Blake, the spy, camped 20yeaJ5 ofwastod ideology behind him, Of lht Soviet Foreign Alain Corn- nunciation of Stalin was less of a sen- dra.t-natid-lly frcm prison in En-and without even the consolation of the and tumod up in Moscow, Pbilby took " passionate ideals ofthe Thirties. missar, and Dolores Ibarruri, "La sation lo the oolony than Melinda! --525 Pasionaria of the , decision to leave her husband Ind him rather patrouisingly under his 4 Ont mo sec why tho big names dare though the latter two can scarcely marry Kim Philby. Maclean had Wing, introduwd him to his wife, and I6 be described as "defectors". But most always bnen resented and envied. He to Melinda. But earlier this year Blake are Obscure, working anonymously in held a responsible position in the was awarded the preatipous Order of the Foreign Languages Publishing Soviet Foreign Oflioe. and when I.e|uin,ariaward aofardenie-dtol'hilby1 .--t. r" Giomyko had something aay in himself. The anger and social embarr- f» . to l [I English, 1'll was to Macleatfaoloe that assment of Philby, who conaideaod 92. himself, and was considered, the number-one glamour-boy deftli-tot an s/ he imagined. The Weskl luthoriti are Ibo not beyond joining in the game of humiliating the defectors. llnbart

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Oswald the man who was hlrnaelf rnurdered afterthe assassinationof John Kennedr!.a loner who madeno sense evenby thetopsy-tuivy logicof j;. 7- 71. . 7 - 7.1+ ______1 _*_-_=qq; defection. At my cricket fan_ l said, "Title fellowwas a weirdo. The Soviet Union can recognisea weirdo as quickly asanyone else.Not only do i . they allotvhim in,which itridiculous, theyallowl1imtornarry,whichis insane.Noton.lydotheya.l1owhimto 1 - 1..:~ n'|arry,t.la:ylIlow hirntornarryapirl Jr. of major , in which the Soviet Unionhas investedimportant i- ,a years andcapital, whichis inconceiv- --.4 able. Andthen theyallow thernboth oar, whichis impossible.Meanwhile many honest,sober, upright,would- ; I '. _. be del'ect.orscan't pt even in in theG 1 t '. rst place." _ i,,,._- Two other At-net-imp; whoupaet Guy Burgessdied in Moscow onAugust 30, was heldon September4. the generalpattern ofdefection were lt wasattended byhis brotherNigel Burgess left!, colleaguellGeorg} Stetsertkoand Melindaand DonaldMaclean {t-iit! the naval code clerks, Bernon F. Mitchell and William Martin who Dagleisb, unlikehis formerboss, John- and MelindaIn fact I set eyes only defected inI960, whenthey wereIll stone, retainedhis British passport once onPhilby, butin circumstances and 29respectively. Theyhad worked and whenhe decidedto marry Ina which perhapsadd amicroscopic foot- three years for the super-aecret Gregorievna Nogtich, formerly a note to history. In I962, several ungenerous oer for a task that National SecurityApncy in Washing- Iwit-chboard operatorat the British months beforethe Philby defection ton, and their defection formd a Ernbassy, behad thechurzpalt loexert sensation broke,I was having drinks required onlyI couple of telephone deeply mortiedPentagon tochange his right as a British citizen andget with variousWestern jottrnalistsin the tzlls tn the right people. married atthe Embassy,Traditionally bar of the Hotel Intercontinental in Parker, however,was visiblyuneasy, allitseodes.T'hetwotnengaveapress the Ambassadorhimself perfornusuch Beinit. Philhy mine in with another looking ver his shoulder,although at pleasant little oenmonies. On this group and sat atanother table.One of 4 p.m,Qthe restaurantwas almost conferenceat theHouse Journalists of oocaaion theAmbassador ofthe time, the menfrom my group called acrOLt,empty. Hedrew heavilycm a Russian in Moscow,and saideverything that Sir Wliam Hayter, decidedhe had I/low: the espionage biz,Kim?" cigarette andsaid, "Thereis onlyone Washington nepea WO|.t.ld beleft other duties,and delegatedthe task Philby laughedheartily. man in Moscow whocan help you, unsaid byAmericans. Theydefected, to a laser olcial. There was no Back brieyto RalphParker andmy Victor Louis."He wasreferring tothe they said, because theydiscovered reception afterwards. rather mysteriousSoviet citizenwho Maclean win repeatedly describedownertperiencewithhirnlwatinacts asan unofficiallinlc betweenthe wellAmerican asunfriendly spied countries, agentsfriendlythat on ail tome by my cricketingfriend asthe western pressand the Soviet author- CIA manipulatedmoney and military lmn who plays secondddle to the Moscowto doa piece about Sovietities. Officially,Louis is Moscow cor- hardtvear totry and overthrow un- Third Man". He livesin a sixth-oor lm ltll-I! for the Saturday Eveningrespondent forthe London Evening friendly govemrnenu,that U.S. apy apartment onthe ShevchenltoBoulv Port. lt was aninnocuous storybut in News, ltitlht hasan Eniih Wife, the planes invadedother countriesair t t vard which standson the Moslrva those days,before theNovosti Press former JenniferStatham. Parkergave lpaoe, thatU.S. policy wasa build-up River andthe living room hasa ne Agency madelife so much easierfor me thenumber withoutconsulting his for a preventive war which would view ofthe ForeignOloe skyscraper.foreign correspondents at a prim!, it book, andlumbered off.lwent straight l-le ia still exceptionallyhandsome, needed oontaiwith all aorta ofmail- to myhotel room to dial, Butevidently leaveyard of civilisation". "ernpcrethem Thethe two overmm ' though greying,but behas runnome- like bureaucraticchannels. To seek a Parker hadgot to the telephonerst then disappearedinto the obaan-ity what thickand hisposture isstooped, short cut l telephoned Wilfred Bur- and said something likethere's which an the Soviet Unionteauyes for asitoftenthecasewitlr verytlllmen. chert withwhom Ihad once worked Englishman with an Italian name tzurncnlts withno further purpose. He waswearing anold anneldressing on the Daffy Expressbut he was out working for the Americans,ready to To movefrom the Moscow colony gown andtattered Sovietpyjamas, andof town Burchett, atthe mmnentof give you H00 to get into Moalm to thePrague colonyit to move ifnot he rebukedme mildlywhen Iknocked writing, istrying tohave hisAustralian Studios." to a diermt world at least to a for interrupting the BBC newt. He passport restored.It was taken away dilferent continent.The Moscowcol- was soanxious notto admit me into at the time of the Korean war. He ony is predominantly The his lpartrnenl that he lttcceetled in wants hischildren togrow upAustra- lwtmiaaatewtihat his apartment, I-leopened the Pra,guer's Louiatonnethirnmostly are American, and locking usboth ot1t,aowe hadto wait lian!. So I made contactwith Ralph door and held out his hand, even like to call themselves the in an unheated corridorin I Moscow Parker andwe metin the restaurant whichI shook. 'H1isnot, was however, American group",to the deep January until l'llS 6-abusliltareturned ofthe Hotel Metropole. Hewas I big, what be had in mind. "92lr'here,"he nation of the UnitedStates Einbauy. from walkinghis terrier,Scamp, one attspicious man,wearing a stained, asked, "it the SIKII?Jennifer Louis Even beforethe Cinch spring of of the few do; in Moscow.Despite old-fashioned double-breastedauit and hovered inthe background.Cl-sh in I968, thePraguers werefairly relaxed these annoyancesIn was very court- a shirt from GUM. The eggplant advance," hesaid. At this did not and in some casesquite uirnmtmic» eous, and wholly unoommunimtive.colour of his nose indicated tastes seem particularlyreasonable, thedul able. Their telephone nun-thatwere, He raid he was working at the which Isatised byreputedly relling did notgo through,but I got mystory and Ire, Frequently listedin the Academy of Science, "not ertaetly his vodkaglass. Parkerhad notmuch anyway, andLouis Subsequentlyda- Prague directory,and providedthey digging with aipade" he added.He longer to live. I-le had long since crlbcd me to other Western corres-were assured they would not be touched hitforehead. Stillusit'ig'1l1e pondents as"that limey Wop. The embarrassedwhat bywaspublished? old greymatter." Travel!There are eeaaedtobeabigahotintheh.ier-story it worth tellingifonly becauseit they wereoccasionally mildlyfrank still a lot of placesin the SovietUnion demonstrates thetotality of suspicion They were iecure in enjoying the I ltavent archyofdefoaont correspondents, and among thisgroup whichthe Western full protectionof theNovotny regime, I tried without auooessto aeeiilby and, aervingthe SovietUnion nomore correspondents callthe little grey and merelyhad to pick up the tele- useful purpose,he hadbeen tossedon men", theWestern defectorswho lurk phone to have any nosy journalist to the scavenger-belt oftranslation.I in Moscow. kicked outofthe country. offered himSIOO if be couldget rne To Moscow defectors, the most The most distinguished areAlfred into Moslm Studios. It was a not baffling defcctorofall wasl_ee_Ha.rvey Stern andhit wife, Martha Dodd.In --4' pre-war Berlin,Martha Dodd, then young andattractive, wasan impor- tant gure. She actedaa her father's l l 'I1wIwt.._ .._-elite-'._ .. _ "W ._,~ ------_ __m-.-i_-.---=1?-;..__.rj..:r .;:'..*;r.._qY;v_ hostess, metHitler and most of the other leadingNazis, and her view! were consideredextreme l..eeven in I period when, to many, the Left 92 -14

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aeeaned too'er aole the hope of |a.lvation_ fromFascisrrt Stern,now in his early seventies, inheriteda large fortune from his banking fartuly in 92¥i,t/r. A . - i North Dakota.i-Iis rst wife wasthe wealthy MarionRosenwald wholater married MaxAacoli andhelped him .. e 4 1 .._. would probably not want to work . publish theReporter rtiagazme.Stern among a band of ideologists in and Doddwere namedby the Holly- _'92t f: _ F, _-_ . 92 Faningdon Road.What beganas a wood counter-spy, Boris Monos, as dmperate romanticdecisioruaventme i part of an American Communistnet- into the giiii unknown. aids up as a iaanrlt andin 92O921nrl tn llnvinn job anda pay cheque. picked up Paraguayan passports, And yet perhaps thweis a clear removed theirwealth fromthe United .. 1 <4!re 92 '1' ideologiml explanationof defustion States andsettled inPrague. onrecord. l.atelastyeararemark- Stern, thanks to his business able bookwas publishedby Jonathan acumen, wasof considerable value to _ / ' i Cape calledMenage FromMoscow the Cornmutusts,and, atleast until a by "en9"-"._...... ", the cl :.-'....K l few yearsago, washandling several - I I -I Q. --.-"" aerialised inThe SundayT|'me.t. 'lhe numbered bankaccounts forthe KGB author'swas name concealed, yet the l and others, and he ew frequently l clues tohis identityabound, helpedby between Zurichand Prague under /. 'l?'§!t{-ii seemsto me after severalrad _Fl?l ings »rathet'than obscured by red various nanm. ' 92.- t The Stemsown a grey Mercedes. I he:-rings. Herefers toliving instudent They live in an elegant mansion, hostels, althoughthis isan authorwho fori-nerly ownedby a single family, . /T/fl.-tis clearly long graduated.it is a now split up to house threefarnilies, ant work which revealsgreat loveof at number2 u Okrouhliltu in the for- u '4' .1-ehW .. the Russians.no lackof sympathy for ll merly luxuriousSmichov quarterof ,='_ , 6: the Communistsystem, buta detesta- Prague. T'he,i_rground-oor apartrrtcnt tion of the apparidlilt, both Soviet ll includesa large living room,two bed- and Tsarist,which fromfear, cynicism. rooms, sen-antsquanen, and an sell-serving, hypocrisy,inefficiency and otce for Stern: businessaffairs. The what soizenyuiii Calls the "haw walls are ccverw in contcmwrery vigilanw" of the Flirty hat}!-S.blights paintings. alloriginals, butnone by everything thatit nest in theRussiai-i A I 1.J uv-; people. The invasion of Creche- any Painterfarnilia: to me by name. I I- There isa largeunsigned photograph. - slovakia appalledhim. ' of Fidel Qstro among others.The a Who is be? Nocorrespondent or astonishing sightwhen I was there diplomat couldhave madesuch I.deep wasa large bowl oforanges, at atime 7? -. and ercepmratin of Russian life. when orange:in Praguewere almost ...u.a.* 5.-1. _ an J ______4 :_ The author,described asa Russian- as rare as moomoil. One rumour, Guy Burgessin Moscow,I956. oneyear afterhe defected. isqpotted speaking westerner,clearly stilllives in Ifhitih circulatedtwo or three years wlt.l'istaim,themtaignoftthepu'aonaldet:li:nelhat death the SovietUnion. is He ap1'Ol¢$Sl0II ago. andwhich I discounted assoon writer with a trained journalist's eye as l read it, was thateither theyhad escape arreston chargesof conspiracy for incidentand detail.All thiscuts hi5 ill moved to Cuba, orwere planningto. I with theRussians identity tono morethan twoor three had just com: back from Havana He livesin ll shabby house,ayin a - Ralph Parker toldme, Wein Mos- . which, asghost townsgo, todayrivals former one-familymansion, whichhe dow are Ivillage." One pl!-ue on Dawson City.Yukon. TheStems, like shares with sun other families at the Academyof Science and going to page 240 dC.l'l6S, perhapssubcon- the rest of their class, love the lun- Srobovol Z8.in the ntiddle-Class dis-work by tram". Until two or three sciously, what may be the over- .-l shine. but,again likethe restof their tnet of Vtnohrady. His quartersare years ago,at anyrate, hewas deliver- powering whyreason well-eduoat% class,if they have tochoose between comparatively roomy, as his two ing anti-Arnerian economic lecturescttltured andeven sybariticwesterners l: sunshine andcreature tnmfort,they daughters, nowgrown andthoroughly to Cub and Africanstudents. choose toturn their backs cmtheir will aertlefor thelatter. Czechim, teachEnglish at the uni- It is an eerietWlli|g_ht world,waver- comforts anddefect toMoioow. Alfred Sternwas extremelypolite. venity. Thelast timeI wasin Prague, ing uneasily on either iide of the "Russia." he says "has aunique His eerventl'::1.. % the livimg a few months ago,neither his tek- borderlineof treason. A few of them ability to stimulate foreigninterest, room to announce me,and Stern phone nordoorbell wasanswered. have secretsthat we would love to even love. Perhaps hecauaeof the entered wearinga neat dcuble»brea.s- hear andwhich theydare not tell. I universalityof its great literatureand ted grey suit and an unmistakably n an earlier visit Ihad asked suggested toJohn Poetthat all-erhis art, perl928P$because of its sine. Westem shirt He acceptedmy prof- Zyearsat the heart oftbe sensa- strength anda kind of purity. Russia fered hand and, smiling, said, 0 himIsl whileifhe in thebeen Army,hada Oo1'nmun- or was tional evenuof Est Berlin, fromthe t"e-presents thehuman conditionand "Goodbye." he convertedafter he had ed to blockade tothe w'aiito the Brandi- striiggje of the hurniui ipirii more "I was wondering if.. ." Prague. 1-Itsreply was,"Wouldn't Stoph the confrontations,he could makea vividly thanour owncountries. Weare GDOdbye." Americans liketo know" revealing a great dealof money from hismemoirs, fascinated bywhat is here? Wewant "I won'ttake much ofyour time.. ." way-out andrather patheticegoiism in if he told all he knew. to be part ofthe struggle Weperson- a manfew Americanshave everhard "Yes," he replied. "If!" And that ally andoften involuntarily my italics! "Goodbye." of, and mostof those who have,have was that. But his reply, redolentof identify with this people;difficulties long forgotten.It was not therst time mystery, theknowledge ofdarlisecrets, and fate." Andthat how itl found myself I had out encountered thissame delusionand similar aunbig-_-one pvirigsout, !!'lied Iinside inlorrnetiou onthe in thecold onu Oluouhliku. in theminds ofthedefectors, drum-a may in fact cover the real reason. author: identity,I would he ethically The unofficialleader of the Ameri- imaginanon inwhich theyare stillthe The defectorsfear areturn to the rat obligedrespect toanonymity. his As? can groupin Prague that is tn any central figures in the eye of the race. The rat race has becomea do not, I am entitled toa guess.Ma, the onewho makesthe mostnoise - hurricaneof world events, changingpersonal nightmare.I1 is equally ntue lean could not have written ir. is ex-Colonel George S.Wheeler of the Oourseof a history in which they that therat raoewould nothave them. Dagleish lacksthe talent.Parker and the U.S. Ari-ny, whodefected during have madetheir ownniche, believingJohn Peeran return to England any Johnstone aredead, andcould not the Berlinblockade. Thereis nodoubt that shouldthey suddenlymaterialise time he wants, andoften does.Hit have writtenit alive. Burchett would I about Wheeler:reason foright. An by enchantmentin RegentStreet or brother, Stephen,works forBBC 11'.have noreason toconceal hisidentity; economist fromNorth Virginia,he sat On PennsylvaniaAvenue, thereWould But where would he makea living? be would have writtenthe book for in thefour-power economiccommittee he gasps,crowds, andall headswould Fleet Streetmay or may notbe open money andbeen awarethat hisname in krlin, and underthe pretemof de- llllll. to him, but he would have tocompete on the cover wouldbe more valu- Nazication, wasquietly appointing Colin Lawsonsaw Wheelerafter I with hundredsofredundant andnewly able thanrnere Observer.The old Communist agentsas labourleaders. did, anddescribed himas "a pathetic unemployed ioui-rialists.He would Moscow wire-servioehands, Henry He escaped to the East justin timeto be acceptable,presumably, to the Shapiro andEd Stevens,have been Morning Star,but then one hits an- there too iong to ace the scene so other snag.Peet, I suspect, isabout vividly I suggest thatsomewhere in as mud:a Communist as I am. and the pie is discerniblethe nger of old mandoing somethingor other at after the temcnts of Berlin, he Kim Philboh E] /" 19

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v- uv'|'|ouA1..No. no ronu -_,- mw nu em-r|o~ UNITEDon Print: 1 crn! M-9292.l STATES NERNMENT . "- q___ Memorandum /' i 92 IRECTOR, FBI l DATEZ4-.25-72 mom S: E G! RUC! suejehr;-Q rmnotnADRIAN n_ussE1.1._PHILBY, . J5 aka Kim II I1 Philby , ESPIONAGE - R

Attached herewith for the Bureau are ten officescopies of an concerning LIIM withcaptionegi information copies individual. to receivin The basis for data in LHM is self-explanatory. Since LHM contains only a news article which was published ' itin Estonia, isnot plus being newsclassified. items from a United States newspaper It appears the propaganda-type interview of PHILBY was released in retalliation for the action of the British Government in expelling 105 diplomatic personnel -_.___ [andof the the U.S,S,R.U.s,S_R, from Britainattempting was due to espionagesave to faceby activities, going on the offensive in the material contained in LHM. t

investigation.Seattle is ngE"~"" not cond ing any furthe92r ! ' "Q"

-l::>~ I OI. ,,e _-"92'_I.. ..¢ I4 1 '_ r. ._ ' %%%:" ' E I I !§%STATES {HY1fEDJUo}ICE''92 DEPARqw&ENTmOF I. U 1 : 1 3».Y;iw"- Q FEDERAL BUREAU OFINVESTIGATION ' Seattle, Washington Hbhm "=--- -'i -*'*

RE: HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY, ALSO KNOWN AS "KIM" PHILBY u I

The Wednesday,October 13,1911, edition of "Kodumaa," Number 41, 77!, contained on page 3 I an interview with KIM PHILBY. L "Kodumaa" Homeland!is published in Est nian b the Soviet Committee I for CugturalRelationsY With Compatriots Abroad= "Kodumna" is

The Sovie Relations is a Sovi e founded i I. in 1955; publishedbeen edit in Tallinn, Estonia. i

oiiieialst Comm ittee for Cultural 7 a magazinwith Compatriots Abroad 6 t propaganda organization f a newspap n East Berlin, Germany, a nd since that time has i Homeland"ed by various Soviet = The Committee publishes 6 enti tled "Homeland" and n Estonian,er ent itled "Voice of the in Ru ssian, Latvian, and otherUkrainian, Georgian relat ed languages. Such publ ications, which are mailed to IIUHIGI ous persons having a family origin in countries now I under §oviet.domination, attempt J I

### This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions I of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency; it and its contents are not to be distributed outside

your agency. ."_92 '. ,, ,1 . _ I J gs. J . iN<_;L.O$_% t I

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HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY

to entice such individuals to return to their homeland, to praise accomplishments of the current_Govéfhment of their individual countries of origin, and to attack and vilify generally the activities, leaders and mores of countries in the Free World, according to a source who has furnished reliable information in the past. _

The above-mentioned article in "Kodumaa" read as follows:92

II~{'IERVIEW, KIl.'I_iP§ILBYllllli -

The reader is certainly familiar with the name KIM PHILBY. During the post-war period, he held several leading positions in the British Intelligence Service BIS! including being the leader of one of the moreIntelligence important departments Service SIS! of which the ritishnzrks against Secret the Soviet Union and against international labor and communist movements.

Later KIM PHILBY was a British espionage resident in Istanbul, Turkey. After that he spent several years as the SIS Inner Missions Leader in Washington, D. C. There, his main task was to consult with the leaders of the United States Central Intelligence Agency CIA! and the Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI!, as well as working at mutual plans of operations with them.

During that time his name was mentioned as one of the three leading men in the BIS and he was considered the future leader of that agency. Later, PHILBY worked in the Hear East Lebanon! for a few years and in some other countries.

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anti-Soviet propaganda and espionage campaign into other European countries. A direct invitation to that is being issued by BIS Agents through publications and by the radio corporation BBC British Broadcasting Corporation!.

"My attention in this case was caught by an article published in the London newspaper "Financial Times" where on one hand conclusions are drawn concerning the activities of the English conservatives, but on the other hand some of their political aims are exposed. May I quote an excerpt from this article: England's action may undermine the prospects of a European Security Conference and may deter tagks concerning balanced armament limitations. Could that be the basis of long- range plans of English American leaders concerning the NATO aggressive bloc?"

The editors then queried, "We-ask that you present some facts about the BIS's undermining activities during the past few years and if possible, evaluate them."

PHILBY answered, "In my opinion, the BIS can be considered the basic force behind this psychological warfare. It is well known the British conservative leader announced his views concerning the cold war in a speech given in Fulton, Missouri, in 1946, but the British SIS did not end its subversive activities with the Soviet Union even during the war with Hitler's Germany. After the destruction of Facist Germany Great Britain's espionage was aimed at undermining the Socialist states.

"At the end of the 1940's and in the beginning of the 1950's, England Powers-ToBe i established special departments to plan and coordinate this activity. So, in 1953 an addition i was made to the British Minister's cabinet - The I Committee to Fight Against Communism. This committee 1 included the higher echelons of the united staff

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HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PRILBY leaders of the Intelligence Service, Ministry of Defense, and Ministry of Foreign Affairs

"The first Director of this committee has the notorous GLASWIN JABB. whose name was also adopted tor the committee.. 'JABBS Committee was later replaced by the Psychological Warfare Consultations Committee, or the DODDSPARKER Committee} which was given the name of one of my long time acquaintances from the Spanish Civil War.

"These organizations carried on their psycho- logical operations against any peace movements, even though on the Government level, They planned Intelligence Service operationsas well againstas against gemocratic rogressive organizations andother organizations in England, in England and other countries. Special hatred was generated to damage and prevent the unity oi friendly Socialist states. ,

"I know that the BIS did much to prevent the preparation and completion of the Austrian Governmental Agreement. But at that time this was one or the basic problems standing in the way of reducing tensions in - Europe. When, after the visit of the Austrian Delegation +1-92 Ilncnnunr Tar-I H11 +h¢n +l-92nl-92 92'||:I+vI-ii-uh I-92ann1:g'l1p92'nTI" TTTQ U9 l|l92lDuI92-I92I92'I I--/92J ll Ull92/ UIKVII llil-7 Ul $5511 @ll JlJ92J92PLl-nil: lull!-LJHJ RAABE, the prerequisitesior the Governmental Agreement were made public, BIS did everything possible to discredit RAABE.

"During the 1950's the BIS created a very secret department which was named Special Political Actions SPA!. The range of problems presented to the SPA was very broad. I'd like to give an excerpt from an Intelligence Service Directive. It concerns Higher Directive Number C 026. In this the contents of the actions pertaining to foreign policies were explained as follows: '...po1itica1 undertakings are not an especially successful combination of words because it is very difficult to find a proper name for these many faceted and broad tasks... In Order to determine the nature of these kind of activities such as the

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HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY

organization of overthrow of Government, organization of clandestine radio stations, sabotage and espionage activities, publication of newspapers and magazines, the leading of or causing of failure of international conferences, election influence and many others...'" The editors then asked, "Could you, in connection with these documents, give some concrete facts concerning the activities of the-BIS?"

PHILBY answered, "In my opinion, the most disquieting fact, as far as the world and the British commonwealth are concerned, is that the BIS has penetrated the means of English mass news media on a wide scale. Unimbeachable documents concerning the alliance of British Intelligence and the BBC indicate that the respectable BBC is capable at any time of broadcasting the basest disinformation prepared by the Propaganda Section of the SPA. The SPA Propaganda Section maintains constant touch with BBC concerning any materials prepared by the Special Qporations and Materials Service which have any propaganda value at all and which the leaders of BIS deem necessary to turn over to the BBC for broadcasting purposes. This is how the tasks of this section are explained in one of the documents concerned, '

"Paid British Agents work in scores with editorial staffs of provincial and London newspapers. These papers include such widelv known publications as , The Sunday Times, Daily Mirror, Financial Times, The Observer, and many others. '

"Scores of names of Agents whom the BIS has co-opted from among journalists and writers are mentioned only in connection with journalism. On each of them the Intelligence Service maintains a file which lists their . debits and credits, their faults and human weaknesses, as well as recommendations when and in what capacity they can be used. It is exactly this category of 13 L T

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HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY young Journalists, ready to go into action at the . demand of the BIS, who now fan the campaign oi the cold ear started by the conservative government. I am quite certain that in the final analysis the activities of the British Conservatives and oi the Intelligence Services do much harm ior the young people.

"I would like to mention that in parallel with the SPA, the leaders of BIS also use terror, diversion and sabotage in psychological warfare.

"This question was of special concern to BIS in the 1950'sape 1960'sand is still one of their activities today. 1

"Directive Number N/99639 of BIS demanded the establishment of a net of Agents among their residents in Europe. These groups, whose purpose was to have been conspiracy only, were prepared for carrying out activities oi sabotage, diversion and terror in cases of special circumstances all in case of worsening relations in those states.

"Among others, this directive was sent to BIS residents in Austria, Belgium, Denmark, West German Y» Finland, France, Netherlands, Italy, Norway, Sweden, Greece and . Characteristically, this directive includes a special notice which authorized its distribution to the Allied Intelligence Services n'F92-IL 92.--.92.--so B-rIna+ I-'-l'|~'i+a-in..--...-.--a...--, JnlA92.lJ,hl.92J.d..lA: 'lnnlnrl-inn 1-hn -no Ln.-.92.92.u IIn-i+cu-I Q-I-a+¢:92e:-.--,-M...-.. 92;¢-ao- TA "

The editors then asked, "Could you tell us some of the BIS actions aimed at the Soviet Union?"

PHILBY replied, "I could illustrate your question in conjunction with the tourist problem. In conjunction with the massive tourist movement into the Soviet Union, the Chief of BIS signed a Special Directive in the 1960's authorizing the use of tourists to collect espionage information and to activate political and ideological diversions against the

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HAEQLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY

Soviet Union. The Directive emphasized collecting information concerning installations closed to diplomatic circles, especially in the forbidden areas of the Baltic States, Western Ukraine, and in the Urals. BIS was especially interested in the Siberian cities close to Siberian railway systems and in the connecting railroad stations of the northern district Leningrad and . The operation to use tourists was coded by BIS under the name 'Polygon.' Themost valued espionage activities were incorporated into the tasks of the tourists. Very special attemtion was paid by BIS to the handling of Soviet citizens with whom the tourists could develop good relations. 1 "A special Directive concerning these objectives was sent to many English residents in various countries where the Soviet.Intourist representatives then became the objects of SIS activities."

Intourist is the official Soviet Government travel agency with headquarters in Moscow, U.S,S.R. and with branch offices in major cities around the world.

The editors commented, "It is known that several circles in England are very concerned about the New Eastern Politics of . Any comments on that? What part do BIS Special Services play in connection with this?"

PHILBY replied, "During the post war period England had a fairly good agency in the Bonn Govern- ment. Hot only did BIS Agents provide information to London concerning the Gehlen Espionage BND!, West German Foreign Ministry, and other Departments of State, it also influenced some of the Bonn leading representatives among the Christian Democrats ' to a certain extent. The victory of the Social Democratic Regime curtailed these operations. 0ne' can see that the BIS still maintains connections with Q "Eif

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HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY

-right elements of the Christian Democratic leaders and carry out secret operations to weaken A the position of the current government and to I compromise some of its leaders, I "The work oi BIS is aimed in the direction of depicting policies of WILEY BRANDT in the eyes of the Western States, especially the United States, England and France, as pro-Soviet Union, which is supposed to be against the best interests of the Western Nations and of the German people. Therefore, it is in no way remarkable to find a parallel between Z the memoirs of the former West German BND Chief GEHLEN I and the current actions of the English Intelligence 1 Service and government. I recall now that my good 1 friend PETER LANN, English espionage resident in i Beirut from 1962 - 1968, told oi a whole row of Agents and English espionage operators and contacts in BND and other of West Germany's State Departments. 1 LANN, who rose to a leading position in the BIS in the 1 fifties, worked as a BIS resident in Bonn during the years of 1957 - 1961. LANN told me that the anti 3 BRANDT material published in West German magazines during the fifties and sixties was inspired by BIS."

I The editors then said, "We know that you . worked for some time in the Near East, including E Lebanon. We would like to hear about the British J espionage undermining activities in that area, whichi 1 through the iault of the imperinlistic states has ' 1 become the cause of tension during a number of years." I-I 92 I PHILBY answered, "Yes, I did work for quite a while in the Near East states, Even now I am 92 interested in this area. The British Espionage and I Intelligence Center located in Beirut is active practically against all Arabian states. After PETER _ f w LANN, the leader of the English espionage there was WOMERTHLY, and currently it is DERBYSHIRE who works in the disguise of a secretary in the British Embassy l 1 In the Embassy and in other English representative organizations the following have worked as Agents: E r ' .- -___ '-_.-- -w 11] A !

HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY

"McKNOT, RODERIK CLUB He was recently expelled from Bagdad because of expionage activitie s!, RANDEL, CLIFFORD, VITOL, HOWARD, NEWMAN, TEMPLE, ROWLY, NOEL-CLARK, STEEL, CHALMERS, and others.

"Presently such BIS representatives as WITBREAD, GOLTY, SPEADDING, are working there; people who have hidden themselves behind various diplomatic positions. LEBANON's BritishEmbassy's First Secretaries SINDAL and JOY are also currently adtive in behalf of the British espionage system.

"Reliable sources report that it was in Beirut that the SPA service group for the BIS was organized, that is the service who deals with falsifications ahd provocations and if necessary with terror. The activity of the BIS residents in Arabia is first aimed at undermining Arabian unity, compromising the leaders of the Arabian st tes who de larec em th s ves i t n su por o f ti na ona nity -Q» and agai st perialist mon oly in t Near - t - 1 s As,-5, LI1eANo1¢1;/séasxaglnmazr,a , / ,-- AADI IAA UFIT, were used during the late ixties to wo k against the Egyptian Embassy and to organiz prov ation against the Egyptian diplomats. For exa le, e English espionage organized the escape of JEHJ92 AVIL, Arabian De1egati0n's First Secretar Y Lebj on, to the West. ;'*~ ~ - _ G ,,

"Beginning in 1959, BIS in Lebanon organized, through its Agents, several armed groups for acts o f terror against unwanted activists in Lebanon. BIS established direct contact with the ultra rightist party leaders and in the early sixties prepared the overthrow of the lawful government of Lebanon and helped strengthen the military dictatorship.

"Scores of names of Lebanon's citizens whom the BIS has engaged in espionage activities speak oi the widespread activities of the English espionage systen in Lebanon. Among these are Lebanon's Counterespio e Suerte General! Representative A, R YON, Lebanon'sParlimentiary

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. 1 , Beirutdelegate/ggig newspaper§;6B§?AA,uép6§nonVpublishe I g Armedowner _ABMEDServicesa and of General.,, _,a StaffWorae;,mIL§,rnAREH. British Ihe f ,5 //,¢a espionage system is also carrying out undermining-- act pre Emb the 92 1 Sec

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"Finally, I would like to add that the main purpose of this work in this area, headed by the BIS, is the organization and carrying through of psychological operations under the banner of an ti- Sovietism. As far as the British espionage activities as a who1e_are concerned, I would like to emphasize that in many states the major part of an embassy personnel consists of special service workers. In some states, the British delegates are professional employees of the BIS,

"And one more peculiar remark. In my youth and during my later years, I invariably saw the inner pretence and cleverness of the British conservatives who in their blind rage against the Soviet Union areg and not for the first time, working against the best interests of the English -nnnnln. 8".-,1.-.92-p "ihn-it ----v -- in who n--J T gm --- now ---n in _-.- ----wwvlrnMncannm "

An article in the Seattle Post Intelligencer Daily Newspaper dated November 14, 1967, concernin S HAROLD KIM! PHILBY is set forth as follows:

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: . -_ ' '_;'/ "H _-" ...' n . i-r. - .- -,- ;. ___ -:4 y_ U 1 _ 1 I. 7 __ _ It Woulcl Do It A aini Says MOSCOW UPI! - Harold Kim! Philby. theBritish dou iii P -a g e n t who served as a Soviet spy for 30 years before »-.4 I ' he defected toRussia, broke long months - z I. I. I I_ I . I of silence last night and said he would do it again. . I - iota ~ Philb_v_ 55.said the Depression andthe .- . . split in British socialism in the 19305 led -'. ___..,-:-. -@=l~--- - him _todevote hislife to "a light for com- . .- . =.:-r-' . ._. '§=--L.'5I§§?"_--_;.~;;,_,...N., '?"*."'§-,_. *1T. ',,_.._ _92-_~__ ";-1'». _ -'' munism." "THAT'SI did WHYit, Philby said. "I .~_s .1... sis. . .- would do it again tomorrow." .-A , w; --I-I-JV u . I'_"':"":.;':?=.§5"-tr . r~'>-, If.--. '- ' . Philby arrived in the Soviet Union in . 1. _ -".';_..:I _ ._..;_ 1963, touching oft a security scandal that rocked British intelligence. Hehad been a é. ~?,,,!- 1" T r '1'.-"_;'{,".- respected member of M16 the British Se- - »~I'<'-§.':':=-2-""_r._ " ~Q . cret Intelligence Service and had pene- trated every level of the British and Amer- 1 4? P.» ican intelligence networks over the years - . ' "=3; _:. <,__-;._+ . as an undercover espionage agent for the Ila.-. *3 -. -.-. Kremlin. _.i.;3.? - 'If§;i.- . :'_.j{--_ '- .'$a,_.'?!_' , '5 _' -I J-it».--. :._-:< - _ :---92.».,_i.,.dry ° .- The Cambridge-educated Briton now - .'-:4ta J ' " ="'* " " holds an important postin the Soviet Intel- ,I$';ua-:-We "*;~sfM -- ' -_ " .. ,1-.-., £ ' - - '~ bgence Service in Moscow. .. ,4 I " 1- 1 ~ » 0 1 if-1 ..>3', * -s Sv r > > g HE TOLD HIS story in the first inter- view he has granted to Western corre- spondents since January, 1963, when he disappeared fromBeirut. Lebanon, where he was working as a newspaper corre- spondent and turned up in Moscow. Philby said he was never happier, cer- t..-:-.-;:-:-:,¢.;¢.-.ii.-.-;~:=;- ' . :'.4. _' ._ - tainly never healthier" and added: "I do --AP Photo. __"3 ' miss the casual access to my children, al- though in tact I think I see as much of HAROLD KIM!PHILBY them as I would have had I remained a foreign correspondent.His 24-yearold son Brokea long silence - '- recently visited him in Moscow. . , Q ' Philby was a correspondent in Beirut in time." he said.I had two prettyhard '."-T" for the London Observerin 1963 when he years, from 1931 to 1933. ' "." -. learned the British government had con- crete evidence identifying him as the BUT 1 no KNOW that after those two '-' "third man" in the 1951 detection to Rus- yearsof painful thought, hadI madezip ' my mind by June, 1933.1 was already a -r sia by Donald MacLean andGuy Burgess communist. - -I . H -itwo other British intelligence agents. The background of my thinking was - 1}- PHILBY SAID he is living well in Mos- the economiccrisis theDepression! and ,- cow in a large and comtortabie apartment massive unemployment in the capitalist .' _-- - supplied by a grateful Kremlin. Ile ap-. world, andthe apparenthelplessness ex- of ' Q geared well.and wasdressed neatlyina isting forces to deal with it. ~ - ussian-made suit. It was a dismal picture and it was the "I was a perfectly genuine socialist up working man who was the sufferer. toI.931," Philby said. "But after that I be- "The dilemmaof the working classpeo- ca-ne disaffected with British politics and ple was frighttul. , .- - let out on another fatefulcourse. '_ ._ I myself took part in demonstrations ' - 13 , :1 can'tsay that my conversion tn ot workers.but it became clearto methat ; - 3 more drasticremedies wereneededrem- ; - _ edics outside the framework of conve .- 2 I tionalgbourgeoise thinking;'_'__:______y .- ' ...... r..-...... ,.,... '-..... Iit it I l l I 3 I 1 1 1!. Q S 1 < w I

HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY

Articles in the Seattle Post Intelligencer beginning September 26, 1971, and continuing on September 27, 28, and 30, 1971, and on October 3 1971, disclosed ene GLEG LYALIN, fermerly a member of Soviet Trade Delegation in London, defected in approximately Autust of 1971 and had disclosed the identities oi_105 Soviets with diplomatic passports who had been engaging in espionage and intelligence I activities in Great Britain. _

5 The above articles indicated the British Government had protested to the Soviet Government concerning this espienage, and the protests went unanswered with the result that the British Govern- S ment as of September 25,.197l, ordered the 105 l Soviets to leave Great Britain. It was indicated they could not return and could not be replaced.

It is noted the above action occurred approximately one week before the interview in

The article in the Seattle Post r Intelligencer dated Sunday, December 12, 1971, @ ? contained a photograph of OLEG LYALIN and an article captioned, "WHAT PRICE DEFECTION?" which is partially set forth and attached to this memorandum. ¬

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<--4 "J lmgqrea ru: oovret spies. What lies in store for him?-a life in hiding from KGB. ~ ' -.=,-.= - .~ 1- 1. 1 5'15;-Jg '- .- , - .. . . ._ ;. |-I --_.-92.._ _-: _ -:--A ._.---_.-__. 'r '- "--*-- 1-, 1-4" '. .s -11" ----~~ _'1-..._ r "-.""'T. '§""'-'.:3"1;-T? '-.i__-_.' .1, 11": ;""r--'_ =-:-"' J--;?' J1". ?"Q""--13'3"-{§"".~ .- ;_, .; ' '- '. . _" . --'.," -a-, -es-Ff- - ,J- T-mt? '. 9' ,- y.-:-""t-1,-'.:§'?'* -" "J ~ " r¬?§"".{'f~"<~ - " . _ _' 'lyalin ngered 105 Soviet ofcials as -92_-:3 - spies. He also revealedto Belgian au- thorities those Soviet officials in Brus- sels who, under a variety of covers, were alsospies. --. -f}.';3".» ~ "As a result Britain expelled 105 So- viets for espionage, and Belgium fol- *0 lowed berof expulsions. suit without 0 revealing the num- e What will happen to leg Lyalin?3 llmlzlinn?What in fact happens to any Soviet de- '4ector who betrays his country for ,_ by CarolDo_nlap 1 asylumi i_ B -'1 {"-,-__'9 =1 E!»'-."'-'=.7s -Ii. ' £._" ¢ _- -. -. Vi .1, N Al this an-iting,l.yalin is being de- brieled by British intelligence under everal Weeks a 3 . 0, Ole L in 34 .l'l92a:timurn security conditions. When _ supposedly a member oft Soviet 0 the British are nished with him,_our Trade Delegation here, but in re- own Central Intelligence Agency will 1 _ ality a captain in the KGB, the So- vietsecurlty and espionage apparatus, __'__Jtalre_a_ B ' H himl atinterrogation.h u ' defected to the West. 4 ,,:~:_».7,; yr-rs ';7¢,';'1 -n-92'>_ '|-.,~§'¢- E _-_-. r '-,f--r?=»".~g:.§.'~'-."92i'-.""'$=_ f'|l1._- j<_V{;-B-2 . _,.-__;_s. ._~ -_rJ,;|,.,-'__ '5 _A 'e~t=;a.;."F. '-;=, ___..-s"_ ¢_z";'*- 'lia},-nil:-iuiih-" - ' s_.t. "

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