Novitates PUBLISHED by the AMERICAN MUSEUM of NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST at 79TH STREET NEW YORK, N.Y

NAMERICAN MUSEUM Novitates PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET NEW YORK, N.Y. 10024 U.S.A. NUMBER 2542 JULY 26, 1974

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PATRICIA VAURIE Research Associate, Department of Entomology The American Museum of Natural History

AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NUMBER 2542, pp. 1-35, figs. 1-85 ISSN 0003-0082 Issued July 26, 1974 Price. $1.86 Copyright The American Museum of Natural History 1974

ABSTRACT lus cinctus, albicinctus, rana, and other species in The 16 species of Odontoderes are reviewed. having longitudinal white scaly stripes; in some The genera Notophus and Solenopus are retained the white stripes are transverse as in Cholus, Ere- as synonyms of Odontoderes, and Callinotus is thistes, and other genera. added to the synonymy. Callinotus discoideus The 16 species of Odontoderes are medium to Chevrolat is transferred provisionally to Cholus. large weevils (8 to 30 mm.), with long, rather Three species are synonymized: Cholus quadri- arcuate beaks, yellow or whitish scales on the punctatus Hustache, Solenopus bondari Hus- body interspersed with black tubercles or gran- tache, and Solenopus percheroni Boheman. All ules, the scales in some species forming spots, species are found in South America, chiefly in stripes, or bands. Four or five sharp, robust French Guiana and Brazil; three species are first time from spines project from the front of the pronotum of recorded for the Peru. Seven new a species are described: albior, brevis, capetos, cos- males of few species; in some males there are talis, insculptus, scolius, and tumoris. Males of very long, wispy hairs on the elytra and legs, or most species differ notably in their genitalia, elevations or carinae on the elytra. which are illustrated for the first time. Little is recorded of the biology of the species except for zetterstedti and ocelliger, which were found breeding in the stems ofSaranthe (Grami- INTRODUCTION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS naceae or Marantaceae), and transversalis in the The present paper is a taxonomic revision of petioles and leaves of the coconut palm. one of the few well-characterized genera of the I have examined approximately 600 speci- subfamily Cholinae of weevils of the American mens including the types of 15 of the 21 forms tropics. Other genera revised recently are Homali- described. Types were not found or were never notus and Rhinastus by Costa Lima and Seabra designated for bilineatus Lacordaire, carinatus (1955) and Vaurie (1973a, 1973b) and Ozophe- Guerin-Meneville, granicollis Germar, morbillosus rus by Vaurie (1973b). For discussion of the sub- Drury, ocelliger Perty, and coronatus Olivier. family Cholinae, see Vaurie (1973b). Three species are placed in synonymy along with Since the revision of the subfamily by Lacor- nine already synonymized by previous authors. daire (1866), approximately 230 species of Seven new species are described. Cholinae were described, the majority in Cholus, The work was done at the American Museum and about 25 new genera. Although many genera of Natural History, New York, the Museum Na- and species have been synonymized (chiefly by tional d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, the British Heller, 1906, and Kuschel, 1955), a large number Museum (Natural History), London, and the remains in need of further study. I hope to con- Naturhistoriska Riksmuseum, Stockholm. Speci- tinue revisionary studies of the balance of the mens were borrowed from these museums as well genera. New species or new synonymies in Odon- as from the following: Entomology Division, De- toderes since 1866 were published by Pascoe partment of Scientific and Industrial Research, (1872), Chevrolat (1878, 1880, 1881), Des- Auckland; the National Museum of Natural His- brochers des Loges (1906), Heller (1906, 1908), tory, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.; and Hustache (1939, 1940, 1941). Museum fur Tierkunde, Dresden; Sencken- Pascoe (1881, p. 45) remarked that in the sub- bergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Frank- family Cholinae "structural characters are not furt; Museu de Zoologia, Sao Paulo; Zoologisches correlated with general appearance." Odonto- Museum, Berlin; Zoologische Staatssammlung, deres, although possessing a number of good Munich; and Faculdade de Agronomia, Universi- structural characters, resembles some other gen- dad de la Republica, Montevideo. I thank the era in pattern and color. Thus some species are personnel in charge of these collections for the mottled yellow (or white) and black as are Ame- opportunity to examine their material and also rhinus ynca and olivieri, and some resemble Cho- Dr. Carlos A. Campos Seabra of Rio de Janeiro. 3 4 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES

I am indebted to the Entomology Department Solenopus Schoenherr, 1826, p. 268 (type, by of the American Museum of Natural History for original designation, 0. cacicus Sahlberg). many facilities. The line drawings were inked by Callinotus Schoenherr, 1836, p. 577 [type, by the Graphic Arts Department of the museum and original designation, C. sahlbergii Boheman, a synonym of Odontoderes ocelliger (Perty), the photographs were taken by Mr. Robert E. new synonymy].' Logan, also of the museum. Figures 1, 23, and 26 Notophus Desbrochers des Loges, 1906, p. 365 were drawn by an artist at the British Museum (type, by monotypy, Cholus carinatus Guerin- (Natural History) and were kindly donated by Meneville, 1844).2 Dr. Guillermo Kuschel, Department of Industrial and Scientific Research, Auckland. I am grateful Diagnosis. Genus unique in subfamily because to Dr. Lee H. Herman, Jr., for reading the manu- of bicarinate, canaliculate outer edge of tibiae script and offering helpful suggestions. and strong bias of antennal club; club appearing to include seventh funicular segment which is CHECKLIST OF SPECIES OF tightly appressed to it. Only genus with segment ODONTODERES SAHLBERG 2 of funicle longer than segment 1 (but not invar- Species Group morbillosus iably). Characterized further as having combina- morbillosus (Drury) tion of base of prosternum behind coxae strongly cacicus Sahlberg bituberculate; front coxae subcontiguous; tibiae granicollis (Germar) on outer edge ciliate in apical fourth or less, thus percheroni (Boheman), new synonymy apical comb short; inner apical comb of same spinicollis (Boheman) length as outer, forming distinct corbel; tibiae sexmaculatus (Olivier) both mucronate and uncinate (with two distinct coronatus (Olivier) apical teeth); and hind femur shorter than elytra. nitidicollis (Chevrolat) politicollis (Bovie) Description. Brown or black weevils with yel- bilineatus (Lacordaire) low or white scales in longitudinal or transverse capetos, new species stripes on elytra, or scales covering surface with- Species Group tumoris out distinct pattern. Pronotum tuberculate or tumoris, new species not. Length 8 to 30 mm. Species Group anormis Mandibles pincer-like, laterally trilobed or tri- anormis (Chevrolat) dentate, may be worn smooth. Eyes elongate, carinatus (Guerin-Meneville) flat, narrowed at lower end (usually hidden), geminatus (Chevrolat) longer than width of base of beak (when seen in subincostatus (Desbrochers des Loges) lateral view), widely separated dorsally by width scolius, new species same width ocelliger (Perty) of base of beak. Beak dorsally about sahlbergii (Boheman) throughout. Labium elongate; in males of some quadripunctatus (Hustache), new synonymy species postmentum tumid, much larger than pre- zetterstedti (Boheman) mentum, and in profile angulate. Antenna in- protensus (Chevrolat) serted in front of middle of beak, that of male transversalis (Pascoe) farther front than that of female; scrobe or an- bondari (Hustache), new synonymy tennal groove with lower edge faintly visible albior, new species from above; scape reaching almost to eye; funicle insculptus, new species with terminal segment 7 longer and wider than Species Group brevis segment 6, pressed close to and appearing as part brevis, new species costalis, new species of club; segments 1 and 2 each longer than segments 3 to 6; 3 to 6 combined equal in length to GENUS ODONTODERES SAHLBERG 'Callinotus Schoenherr, 1826, page 263 is invalid Odontoderes Sahlberg, 1823, p. 46 [type, by as it is based on an undescribed species. monotypy, 0. cacicus Sahlberg, a synonym of 2 Desbrochers des Loges described Notophus sub- 0. morbillosus (Drury)]. incostatus which is the female of carinatus. VAURIE: ODONTODERES 5

FIG. 1. Odontoderes tumoris, type, male, Iquitos, Peru (20 x 8.2 mm.). segment 7 and club; club elongate, each segment hind front coxa bituberculate, in some species sinuate apically, appearing on bias and contrast- markedly so. Front coxae either contiguous or ing with nonsinuate apex of segment 7 (fig. 3). separated by slightly more than width of anten- Pronotum wider than long, with strong post- nal segments. Mesepimeron (fig. 4) with median ocular lobe and vibrissae. Scutellum visible. Pro- posterior angle distinct. Mesostemum between sternum with apical border emarginate; base be- middle coxae with ledge which, when denuded of 6 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES

2 3

4 5tY

FIGS. 2-6. Generic and sexual characters of Odontoderes. 2. Canaliculate outer edge of tibiae with apical combs. 3. Antennal club with adpressed funicle segment 7 and small segment 6. 4. Mesepimeron with posterior angle distinct, and metepisternum. 5. Transversely laminate front coxa (coxa with tumid roll) of males of some species. 6. 0. capetos, showing sulcate head and base of beak. hairs, is usually bituberculate. Metasternum as vex (in ocelliger this difference is not well long as at least diameter of coxa, in some species marked). Five species are known from males only one and one-half times longer; sides longitudi- (albior, capetos, costalis, insculptus, and scolius); nally either tumid or distinctly carinate. for these species the secondary sexual characters Abdomen with segment 2 at middle shorter of the males are assumed to be the same as those than segment 1 and as long as or longer than occurring in other species. segments 3 and 4 combined. Femora clavate; In five species (bilineatus, capetos, morbil- inner margin toothed; hind femur short, not losus, sexmaculatus, and spinicollis) there are a reaching apex of elytra. Tibiae externally (dis- number of ways in which males differ from tally) bicarinate and canaliculate, carinae of some females, as follows: in the morbillosus group the species feeble, can be obscured by scales; inner prosternum from the emarginate front border to margin not toothed; apex uncinate and mucro- the front coxae is longer than that of females, nate; hind tibia with outer apical comb (or fringe being longer than the diameter of the coxae; in of setae) short, rounded off, one-fourth or one- the same group the pronotum at the sides in fifth or less length of tibia (but almost one-third front is furnished with spines or acuminate in some transversalis), of same length as inner tubercles that are blunt in females; the front comb; middle tibia with inner comb shorter than coxae (fig. 5) are flattened mesially and are trans- outer. Tarsus with segment 1 narrower than seg- versely laminate in front; the beak ventrally on ments 2 or 3; segment 2 about as wide as long, each side is sulcate, and granulate or scalloped, in but appearing longer than wide in males of some some specimens with hairs protruding; the post- species; segment 3 bilobed to near base. Claws mentum of the labium is wider than the premen- divergent. Genitalia of male with parameres pres- tum and tumid or swollen, not flat as in females, ent or obsolete; basal sclerite or inner armature and in profile is rather angulate. In fresh males of present or not, in some species very tiny or vir- morbillosus and spinicollis long, wispy hairs tually transparent. emerge from the elytra, pronotum, femora, Sexual Dimorphism. In males the first and tibiae, tarsi, and venter; a few males of sexmac- second segments of the abdomen and the meta- ulatus show elytral hairs. In the anormis group, sternum are hairy and feebly or strongly concave, long, wispy hairs are found on the femora and whereas in females the abdomen at least is con- venter of albior and transversalis. The middle VAURIE: ODONTODERES 7 coxae are mesially flattened in males of all spe- nate, rounded, or truncate, and in transversalis it cies except brevis, carinatus, costalis, ocelliger, projects asymmetrically. scolius, and tumoris. The elytra of males ofanor- Distribution. Five of the 16 species occur in mis, carinatus, and tumoris are carinate or French Guiana as well as in the Amazon River abruptly elevated on or near the sides. The basin of Brazil (bilineatus, carinatus, morbillosus, second tarsal segment is longer than wide and sexmaculatus, and spinicollis); the last three spe- longer than the third segment in males of morbil- cies occur also farther south in Brazil; spinicollis losus and spinicollis. The pronotum of males of occurs in Bolivia, and carinatus is reported from sexmaculatus is shining black and virtually Peru. One species (tumoris) is known only from impunctate, but punctate in females. The femora Iquitos, Peru, and one (anormis) is known from of males of bilineatus, transversalis, and zetter- Rio Tapiche, Peru, and Amazonas, Brazil. The re- stedti and the pronotum of males of bilineatus, maining nine species are found in Brazil (the morbillosus, and spinicollis are more inflated and Amazon River region and/or the eastern coast), bulbous than are those of females. The beak of one (brevis) extending southward to Santa Cata- males dorsally is often more deeply punctate rina and one (zetterstedti) to northern Argentina. and/or more strongly carinate than that of Possibly some of these species will be found in females. other parts of South America, as only three or Genitalia. The shape and proportions of the fewer specimens have been seen of some species genitalia of the male vary among most species (albior, anormis, capetos, costalis, insculptus, (figs. 33-85). The median lobe can be robust or scolius, and tumoris). The most numerous species slender, strongly curved or almost straight, long in collections are bilineatus, morbillosus, spini- or short; the two apodemes or appendages from collis, and zetterstedti which account for about its base are long in some species, short in others; two-thirds of the specimens examined. the basal sclerites or inner armature copulating Discussion and Synonymy. Sahlberg in his pieces and the parameres can be present or description of Odontoderes cacicus (1823) and absent; the eighth (figs. 27-32) stemite differs Schoenherr in his of Solenopus (1826) men- somewhat in shape and vestiture. tioned three of the significant generic characters Parameres were not found in ocelliger; they (the seventh funicle adnate to the club, the tibiae are rudimentary, almost obsolete in bilineatus, canaliculate on the outer edge, and the presence capetos, and carinatus, and present in the remain- of pronotal spines in the male), but Desbrochers ing species. The parameres are soft and almost des Loges did not mention any of these charac- transparent, and when they are short can be read- ters for Notophus (1906) although the species he ily overlooked. Some sort of basal sclerite was assigned to the genus possess the first two charac- found in all species except scolius and tumoris. ters. Lacordaire (1866) used the name Soleno- This sclerite is quite distinct and sclerotized in pus, as he considered Odontoderes a genus "non albior, capetos, transversalis, and zetterstedti, caracterise," probably because Sahlberg gave a very small and difficult to find in bilineatus, description of the species only, which, in modern brevis, carinatus, costalis, morbillosus, sexmac- times, of course, is sufficient for the genus. Kus- ulatus, and spinicollis; it is present within a long chel (1955) correctly synonymized Solenopus coil in ocelliger. A long coil was found also with Odontoderes, and Notophus with Callinotus. among disconnected sclerite pieces in insculptus; The species formerly in Callinotus (anonnis, cari- an unsclerotized, rather opaque piece was found natus, ocelliger, and zetterstedti) differ generi- in anormis. The two apodemes are shorter than cally from Odontoderes-Solenopus only in the the median lobe in anonnis and tumoris, about characters of the males, and I have therefore equal in length in brevis, costalis, morbillosus, synonymized this genus also. Another species sexmaculatus, and spinicollis, and rather longer in assigned to Callinotus (microspilotus Pascoe), the remaining species. In most species a short and Solenopus ochraceus Hustache, both of median projection, or "knob" is present at the which have connate tarsal claws, were transferred apex of the median lobe, but in anormis, ocelli- by Kuschel (1955) to Acrotomopus. I have ger, tumoris, and zetterstedti the apex is emargi- examined the type of Callinotus discoideus Chev- 8 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES

9 10 FIGS. 7-10. Odontoderes. 7, 8. 0. morbillosus. 7. Male, and 8. female. 9. 0. spinicollis, female. 10. 0. sexmaculatus, male. rolat and it does not belong in Odontoderes, but nosis, the 16 species are separable from many probably in Cholus. Many future changes in other genera in having the eyes elongate, rather genera will probably be necessary. flattened, and narrowed at the lower end as in I have omitted the various historical names of the genera Homalinotus and Ozopherus; the post- Dejean that appear in catalogues because they are ocular lobe strong; and the mesepimeron with its nomina nuda. posterior margin distinctly angulate medially, not In addition to the characters given in the Diag- feebly angulate or angulate distally (fig. 4). The VAURIE: ODONTODERES 9

13 14

FIGS. 11-14. Odontoderes, not to scale. 11. 0. sexmaculatus, female. 12. 0. bilineatus, male. 13. 0. capetos, male, type. 14. 0. tumoris, female, paratype. apical fringe of the hind tibia is distinctly shorter though the subfamily is said to be characterized than that of species of Honmalinotus, Ozopherus, by having well-separated coxae. The coxae are and Rhinastus, about the same length as that of generally not actually touching as in the Hylo- the type species of Cholus (albicinctus Genrar), binae, however. The only genera with a combina- and of many other genera. tion of the first tarsal segment narrower than the There are 10 other genera in which the front second and the front coxae subcontiguous are coxae are contiguous or subcontiguous, even Odontodores, Ozopherus, Irenarchus, some Dio- 10 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES

16 llA'

17 W 18

FIGS. 15-18. Odontoderes. 15. 0. anormis, male. 16. 0. carinatus, male. 17. 0. ocelliger, male. 18. 0. zetterstedti, male. nychus, Cholus(?) besckei, and Polydercicus luc- groups. A natural group is the morbillosus group tuosus. However, quite a few genera with broad (morbillosus, spinicollis, sexmaculatus, bilinea- first tarsal segments have also subcontiguous tus, and capetos), characterized by hairy or se- front coxae (Acrotomopus, Desmocerus, Kanga- tose, not scaly, legs, and pronotal spines and ropus, Lixodes, Peliobia, and Sclerosomus). other sexual characters of males as given above Grouping of Species and Species Characters. (the spines are rather small in bilineatus and in The species are readily divisible into two or more small males of the other species). The next spe- VAURIE: ODONTODERES I1I

19 20

FIGS. 19-22. Odontoderes, not to scale. 19. 0. transversalis, male. 20. 0. albior, male, type. 21. 0. insculptus, male, type. 22. 0. brevis, male, type. cies, tumoris, the only one with no colored group, and anormis, carinatus, scolius, and zetter- patches, stripes, or bands and described from stedti) they are scaly. Males of the anormis group Peru, could stand by itself or be associated with lack the striking male characters of the morbillo- the anormis group. In some species of the anor- sus group. The anormis group can be divided fur- mis group (ocelliger, transversalis, albior, and in- ther by kind of scaling of the elytra, the length sculptus) the legs are hairy as in the morbillosus of the elytra, or the shape of the scutellum, but group; in the remaining species (the tumoris these characters are not well correlated. There 12 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES remain the last two species (brevis and costalis) 2. Elytra with interval 5 either from base of the brevis group, which are short and robust, to near subapical callus strongly have hairy legs, short elytra in relation to the carinate, or at middle third strongly pronotum, short metasternum (shorter than ab- carinate or feebly tumid ...... 3 dominal segment 1), and a very short apical Elytra with interval 5 not carinate or tumid .5...... S comb on the tibia (one-fifth length of tibia). 3. Interval 5 carinate or feebly tumid at The majority of characters used for the dif- middle third; pronotum and elytra ferentiation of the species can be seen in the key uniformly brownish yellow, without that follows. To summarize them here: the eye yellow lateral stripes ...... (width compared to the base of the beak); the ...... tumoris, new species labium (with postmentum flat or tumid); the Interval 5 carinate for most its length; beak (straight or arcuate, long or short, punctate pronotum and elytra with pale lateral or carinate, ventrally sulcate or not); the prono- stripes ...... 4 tum (width, length, convexity; extent and den- 4. Elytra with yellow lateral stripes reach- sity of scales, tubercles, or spines); the elytra ing apex; beak dorsally punctate or (shape and shape of apexes; extent and density feebly unicarinate ...... male of carinatus Guerin-Meneville of scales; elevations or carinae; length; strong or Elytra with yellow lateral stripes not feeble subapical callus); vestiture of the legs (long reaching apex, but turning inward or short, scaly or hairy); the shape of the tibiae toward suture in front of subapical and femora; and the length of the tibial dorsal callus; beak dorsally multicarinate . . or male of anormis comb; the male genitalia (strong obsolete para- ...... Chevrolat meres, length of apodemes, shape of the apex of 5(2). Pronotum laterally in front either with the median lobe, kind of basal sclerite). three or more sharp spines (fig. 13) Several single characters are specific for a spe- or with tubercles in that area more cies. Thus the frons and the base of the beak are acuminate than other tubercles; front known coxa mesially flattened, platelike, deeply sulcate in one species (capetos, roll on upper edge (fig. 5); from the base of the elytra is bi- with tumid a single male); males...... 6 lobed or biangulate in ocelliger; the tibiae are Pronotum laterally in front with tuber- arcuate in scolius (known from a single male); cles, if present, uniformly convex or the elytral apexes are prolonged in two "tails" in flattened, not acuminate; front coxa zetterstedti; the apex of the median lobe of without tumid roll, but may be transversalis is asymmetrical; the sides of the mesially flattened; males and fe- median lobe of insculptus are almost contiguous males ...... 11 dorsally. 6. Pronotum laterally in front with three or more sharp spines ...... 7 Pronotum laterally in front with tubercles merely acuminate ...... 8 KEY TO THE SPECIES OF ODONTODERES1 7. Elytra bilineate with each lateral scaly stripe distinct; frons and fovea de- 1. Elytra with long, widely separated, acu- pressed deeply between lateral carinae minate, hooked apexes (fig. 18), at of beak (fig. 6); 11 to 14 mm...... least as long as tarsal segment 3 ...... maleof capetos, new species ...... zetterstedti Boheman Elytra mottled or with scales in spots or Elytra with apexes rounded or, if sepa- indistinct transverse bands; frons con- rately angulate, then angle much vex or flat; fovea scarcely depressed; shorter than tarsal segment 3 .... 2 generally larger, 18 to 30 mm. . . . 9 8. Elytra bilineate, yellow lateral scaly stripes contrasting with brownish sur- 'The scales are stated as pale or yellow, but they face. . . male of bilineatus Lacordaire may be white, depending on wear and discoloration. Elytra not bilineate, but either mottled The spines and hairs of small males are often almost black and yellow or with indistinct obsolete. postmedial pale band; 11 to 14 mm. VAURIE: ODONTODERES 13

...... small 13. Smaller (14 to 15 mm.); elytra with males of morbillosus and spinicollis1 yellow lateral stripes turning inward 9. Front tibia and tarsus with hairs much at subapical callus; hind tibia straight; shorter than length of tarsal segment; beak as long as pronotum ......

elytral striae also with short hairs .. .female of anormis Chevrolat. (not always present); elytra of fresh Larger (17 mm.); elytra without dis- specimens with four distinct scaly tinct stripes; hind tibia arcuate; beak marks and two small, elongate, shorter than pronotum (fig. 23) ....

subapical marks (fig. 10); pronotal ...... male of scolius, new species disc generally shiny black without 14(11). Elytra with basal margin angularly emar- tubercles or many scales, but with ginate (fig. 17); scutellum retracted two depressions each side of middle behind margin of elytra; hind femur

...... male of sexmaculatus Olivier very short, generally not reaching Front tibia, tarsus, and elytral striae beyond apex of abdominal segment with wispy hairs generally longer 2 . ... . ocelliger Perty than a tarsal segment (hairs of elytra Elytra with basal margin virtually often worn off); elytra of fresh speci- straight; scutellum level with margin mens entirely mottled black and of elytra; hind femur reaching slightly yellow; pronotal disc with flattened or distinctly beyond apex of ab- or convex tubercles and lateral scaly dominal segment 2 ...... 15 stripes .... 10 15. Each elytron with five distinct, clearly 10. Pronotum (dorsal view) uniformly bul- limited, white scaly stripes on alter- bous and convex from side to side; nate intervals (fig. 26); eye as wide as elytra (viewed with naked eye) with base of beak (in lateral view) ...... postmedial yellow or white band gen- ...... costalis,new species erally evident against mottled black Elytra without alternating longitudinal and yellow surface; base of elytra white stripes; eye wider than base of generally scalloped with prominent beak (in lateral view) ...... 16 tubercles ...... 16. Front femur either with long wispy hairs

...... male of spinicollis Boheman in addition to dense, reclining hairs, Pronotum (dorsal view) in apical half or with inner tooth and inner apical depressed each side of broad median edge (in lateral view), forming right elevation, in basal half narrowly sul- angle (fig. 24) ...... 17 cate medially; elytra (viewed with Front femur without additional long naked eye) with postmedial band hairs and with inner tooth much generally less distinct, spreading over shorter than inner apical edge which apex or merging with yellow stripes is emarginate (fig. 25) ...... 19 of interval 5; base smooth ...... 17. Elytra with broad (covering four or five outer intervals), yellow lateral stripes ...... male of morbillosus Drury 11(5). Femora with broad thick yellow scales meeting across apical third either as (like those of elytra) among black transverse band or as large white tubercles ...... 2.12 patch ...... albior, new species Femora with hairlike setae covering Elytra without yellow lateral stripes, but most of nontuberculate surface . . 14 some specimens with yellow trans- 12. Beak uniformly feebly arcuate; elytra verse band behind middle, and apical with yellow lateral stripes reaching patch ...... 18 apex ...... 18. Pronotum distinctly narrower than female of carinatus Guerin-Meneville elytra; disc flat or feebly concave, Beak straight or straight to antennal with tubercles, if present, small and insertion; elytra without stripes or well separated; front femur with long with stripes not reaching apex . . . 13 wispy hairs emerging from all sides ...... transversalis Pascoe (part) Pronotum at widest part almost as wide as elytra; disc at least feebly convex I See couplet 10. and with mass of flattened, confluent 14 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES

FIG. 23. Odontoderes scolius, type, male, Sao Paulo d'Olivenca, Amazonas, Brazil (16.7 x 6.1 mm.).

tubercles; front femur with long hairs convex; front coxae separated by at on inner edge only (fig. 21) . . . . . least width of basal half of segment 2

...... new ...... insculptus, species of antennal funicle ...... 20 19(16). Pronotum with disc feebly concave; 20. Prosternum from each side of apical front coxae virtually contiguous. ... emargination carinate to near front

...... transversalis Pascoe (part) coxae; elytra with yellow lateral Pronotum with disc feebly or strongly stripes extending to apex; pronotum VAURIE: ODONTODERES 15

FIGS. 24, 25. Front femora of males of Odontoderes, showing hairs and position of tooth. 24. 0. transversalis. 25. 0. insculptus.

with postocular lobe strong, forming Pronotum across base feebly convex or blunt right angle ...... flattish; yellow lateral stripes feebly ... . female of bilineatus Lacordaire depressed; elytra with postmedial Prostemum not carinate; elytra not yellow band, if visible, joining scaly strictly bilineate; pronotum with longitudinal stripe of fifth interval

postocular lobe less well marked, . . . ..female of morbillosus Drury forming blunt obtuse angle .... . 21 21. Small (10-13 mm.); elytra not more than twice length of pronotum; Species Group morbillosus metasternum at middle shorter than Odontoderes morbillosus (Drury) abdominal segment 1; elytra behind Figures 7, 8, 33, 34, 43-45 middle generally with yellow transverse band (fig. 22) Curculio morbillosus Drury, 1782, p. 74, pl. 49, ...... fig. 5 (Cayenne; type not designated or ...... brevis, new species found). Larger (15-26 mm.); elytra two and Curculio morbillator Herbst, 1795, p. 441, pl. one-half times length of pronotum; 94, fig. 5 (new name given in error for morbil- metasternum at middle virtually as losus Drury). long as abdominal segment 1; elytra Odontoderes cacicus Sahlberg, 1823, p. 46, pl. 2, mottled with indistinct pale bands or fig. 3 (Brazil; type, male, in Naturhistoriska stripes or with large yellow spots. . 22 Riksmuseum, examined; synonymized by 22. Elytra with two yellow subapical marks Kuschel, 1955). extending beyond subapical calluses; Dionychus granicollis Germar, 1824, p. 315 (Bra- remaining four marks (at humerus zil; type, probably female, in Halle, Germany; and postmedially) distinct, densely synonymized by Klima, 1936). scaly, contrasting with black or Solenopus percheroni Boheman, 1844, p. 25 blackish yellow surface ...... (Brazil; type, male, in Naturhistoriska Riks- female of sexmaculatus Olivier museum, examined; new Elytra either lacking two yellow sub- synonymy). apical marks or these marks confined Diagnosis. Scarcely distinguishable from spi- to calluses, not extending beyond nicollis Boheman, but pronotum less bulbously them; remaining scaly bands or stripes convex and with depressions in front and at indistinct, blurred, merging with middle of base; also yellow scaly stripes generally blackish yellow surface ...... 23 23. Pronotum across middle and base wider and denser, and pronotum proportionally strongly, bulbously, evenly convex; slightly shorter and wider. yellow lateral stripes on same level, Range. Mostly Brazil, but a few specimens not depressed; elytra with postmedial from Cayenne, French Guiana. (For 72 speci- whitish band visible on mottled sur- mens examined, see Appendix.) face. . .female of spinicollis Boheman Description. Length 15 to 30 mm. Black with 16 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES yellow scales in lateral stripes on pronotum; ely- Female. Beak as described for male, but with tra either entirely with yellow setae except for only median carina and in some specimens with shiny black edges of foveae, or worn to pattern slight depression between beak and head, ven- of yellow stripe on interval 5 merging with yel- trally smooth. Labium with postmentum flat and low postmedial and apical area. of same width as prementum. Antennal funicle Male. Beak slightly longer than pronotum, with segment 1 equal to or slightly longer than feebly arcuate, multicarinate except at apex segment 2. Pronotum, scutellum, elytra, ventral where densely punctate; ventrally scalloped and side, and legs as described for male, but prono- granulate on median keel and in lateral depres- tum narrower than elytra and lacking apical sions. Labium with postmentum tumid and angu- spines; elytra and other parts of body lacking late, much larger than prementum. Antennal long, erect hairs; front coxae without tumid roll; funicle with segment 2 distinctly longer than seg- venter flat or feebly convex; front tarsus with ment 1. segment 2 transverse, and legs lacking long, erect Pronotum as wide as or wider than elytra; disc hairs. feebly convex, depressed laterally in front on Discussion. The pronotum, as described each side of median group of tubercles; sides above, is the best character for the separation of strongly arcuate to strong apical constriction; morbillosus from spinicollis. The elytra can also front with three or more large curving spines; be used in some cases. In fresh condition, how- laterally with convex, and medially with flattish, ever, the elytra of the two species are virtually large, round, separate tubercles; some discal identical, being covered with yellow vestiture tubercles umbilicate; oblique lateral yellow except for the black elytral granules. The only stripes with dense, elongate, hairlike setae; base difference is that the yellow of morbillosus in the virtually straight. Scutellum setose, subtriangular. apical third of the elytra is denser and covers Elytra more than twice length of pronotum, with more of the black foveae of the striae, and the yellow appressed hairlike setae among black, yellow of intervals 3 and 5 forms wider, denser denuded, transverse tubercles; striae with foveae stripes. Worn specimens of morbillosus generally large, deep, rather oblong; intervals much nar- show the stripe of interval 5 and the yellower rower than striae and with wispy hairs as long as apex, whereas worn specimens of spinicollis show hind tarsus (without claw segment); subapical an irregular, postmedial yellow band. These dif- callus prominent; sutural area between callosities ferences are best seen with the naked eye, as the feebly tumid; base straight, smooth; apexes bands and stripes, which are composed of more feebly separated, forming angle. concentrated, overlapping scales, tend to merge Prosternum broadly, shallowly concave, under a lighted microscope with the yellow smooth; front coxae separated by more than foundation vestiture. There is also a slight differ- width of antennal segment, mesially with elon- ence in the shape of the median lobe of the geni- gate, tumid roll; middle coxae separated by talia of the male in which the sides are subparal- about width of beak, flattened mesially; both lel almost to the base in morbillosus, but in spini- coxae with long, wispy hairs; metastemum and collis are rather sinuate to the base and there abdominal segments 1 and 2 deeply concave and much narrowed. with long, wispy hairs. Front tibia with inner The differences enumerated above are not margin feebly sinuate; front tarsus longer and very clear-cut and it is even possible that morbil- wider than other tarsi and with segment 2 losus and spinicollis are conspecific, as a number appearing longer than wide; femora, tibiae, and of characters can be present in both forms. These tarsi with long, erect, wispy hairs in addition to characters include the thickening of the base of appressed, short hairs of nontuberculate surface. the beak of some males, the slight depression Aedeagus (figs. 33, 34, 4345) with feeble between the base of the beak and the head of apical projection; sides (when seen in dorsal some females, the tumidity of the elytral suture view) parallel from behind apex to base; para- between the subapical callosities, and the absence meres and basal sclerite present; apodemes as of long body hairs in smaller males. Some charac- long as median lobe. ters are also subject to individual variation in VAURIE: ODONTODERES 17 both species, such as the width of the prostemal deres (or Solenopus), but as it has no spines it process, the degree of tumidity of the mesoster- could be either a male of A. ynca or a female of nal proecess, the length of segment 2 of the 0. morbillosus. The elytra, which are depicted as antennal funicle, and the strength of the postocu- orange with darker patches and many black spots lar lobe. The kind of problem encountered is as in regular rows, could belong to either species, follows: A female from Santa Cruz, Bolivia, but the beak is long and arcuate as in morbillosus which has the distinctly bulbous, nondepressed, and the apexes of the elytra are separately angu- narrower pronotum of spinicollis, nonetheless late, not rounded off as in ynca. Therefore, as has interval 5 of the elytra scaly white and join- Drury's type is not available, the illustration ing the postmedial band as in most morbillosus. serves as type and it represents a species of Odon- Another specimen a male from Bolivia presenting toderes, not Amerhinus. the same characters was dissected and the aedea- The illustration of morbillator Herbst, 1795, gus was distinctly sinuated as in spinicollis. A shows the same specimen as Drury's, but with its male from Cayenne agreeing with spinicollis in position reversed. Kuschel (1955) listed sexmac- the convex pronotum and sinuate aedeagus ulatus Gyllenhal, not Olivier, as a synonym of lacked the jagged, forward-projecting tubercles at morbillosus, but I do not understand why, as the base of the elytra. Gyllenhal's description and the figure (pl. 17, fig. If these forms represented each other geo- 207) he refers to seem to be of a well-marked graphically, they could be considered subspecies, female of sexmaculatus Olivier. The type of per- but both occur in French Guiana and have the cheroni Boheman is a female of 19 mm. with a same type locality, Cayenne. In Brazil, morbillo- few scattered white scales on the elytra. sus occurs in Bahia and along the eastern coast Eight males were dissected. south to Santa Catarina, and spinicollis mostly in the region of Amazonas, as well as in Bolivia. I have seen only four morbillosus from Cayenne, Odontoderes spinicollis (Boheman) including a dissected male, but of spinicollis 26 Figures 9, 35, 36, 43-45 from Cayenne and 84 from additional localities Solenopus spinicollis Boheman, 1836, p. 598 in French Guiana. (Cayenne; type, female, in Naturhistoriska There are two additional large species from Riksmuseum, examined). both French Guiana and Brazil (sexmaculatus and bilineatus), which differ chiefly from morbil- Diagnosis. Closely similar to morbillosus, and losus and spinicollis in having the scaly elytral especially noticeable in males, differing only in pattern distinct, not vague, and the legs of the having somewhat longer and narrower, distinctly males without long, wispy hairs. more uniformly and bulbously convex pronotum Odontoderes morbillosus is superficially simi- without depressions; pattern of elytra and genita- lar to Amerhinus ynca Sahlberg, a weevil of lia differ slightly. about the same size, shape, and mottled colora- Range. French Guiana, Amazon River basin, tion, but which differs from morbillosus in the Brazil, and Bolivia east of the Andes. (For 181 generic characters, as well as in having a short, specimens examined, see Appendix.) straight compressed beak, more prominent eyes, Description. Length 15 to 24 mm. Black with and males lacking pronotal spines and wispy yellow scales in lateral stripes on pronotum; ely- body hairs. However, in the catalogues of Klima tra either entirely yellow except for shiny black (1936) and Blackwelder (1947) morbillosus was edges of foveae, or worn to pattern of indistinct listed as a synonym of both Amerhinus ynca and yellow transverse band in apical third. "Solenopus cacicus Sahlberg" (synonym of Male. As described for male of morbillosus Odontoderes morbillosus). If the specimen illus- except as follows: pronotum dorsally and later- trated as morbillosus by Drury had been a male ally more convex, dorsally uniformly convex with pronotal spines, there would have been no from side to side with no depressions, base of such double synonymy or any doubt as to the elytra generally jagged and scalloped, and aedea- identity of morbillosus with the genus Odonto- gus (fig. 34) slightly constricted behind apex 18 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES with sides sinuate from there to base where nar- sus, but segment 1 of antennal funicle in some rower than in front. specimens shorter than segment 2, as in male; Female. As described for female of morbillo- pronotum without scales; base not depressed. sus, but with more convex pronotum. Discussion. In four or five specimens there Discussion. Eighteen males were dissected. are neither spots nor bands on the elytra, only a See under morbillosus for discussion. film of fme yellow setae on the black back- ground of foveae, giving a salt and pepper effect Odontoderes sexmaculatus (Olivier) when viewed with the naked eye. The figure of Figures 10, 11, 35, 36, 4345 Olivier's coronatus shows such a specimen. Of Curculio sexmaculatus Olivier, 1790, p. 502 the other synonyms, Bovie's politicollis is a large (Cayenne; type, female, in Museum National dissected male labeled "Guyane-type." The type d'Histoire Naturelle, labeled as Rhynchaenus locality of Chile for nitidicollis Chevrolat must sex-maculatus, examined). Curculio coronatus Olivier, 1790, p. 500; 1808, be an error, as no other Cholinae come from pl. 6, fig. 70 (Cayenne; type, male, not found; there. synonymized by Kuschel, 1955). Females, unless well marked, are difficult to Solenopus nitidicollis Chevrolat, 1878, p. cxli separate from those of the two preceding species, (Chile; type, male, in Naturhistoriska Riks- but all specimens with a pattern have the charac- museum, examined; synonymized by Kuschel, teristic elongate subapical spot. 1955). Three males and one female were dissected. Solenopus politicollis Bovie, 1907, p. 71 (Cay- enne; type, male, in National Museum of Natural History, examined; synonymized by Odontoderes bilineatus (Lacordaire) Heller, 1908). Figures 12, 37, 38, 4345 Diagnosis. Differing from morbillosus and Solenopus bilineatus Lacordaire, 1866, p. 45, spinicollis in having more distinct elytral pattern note 1 (no type designated; based on "le Sole- consisting of two large, orange-yellow humeral nopus bilineatus de Dejean," [Cat. ed. 31 spots, two postmedial angulate bands not cross- from Cayenne, French Guiana, here desig- ing suture, and two elongate subapical spots; nated as type locality). males differing further in lacking long hairs on Diagnosis. Differing from morbillosus, spini- tibiae and tarsi and having pronotal disc virtually collis, and sexmaculatus in having distinct lateral glabrous and nontuberculate, but with two white (or yellow) stripes on elytra; stronger post- depressions in front of middle. ocular lobe; more bulbous front femur; and pro- Range. French Guiana, Surinam, and Brazil. notum of male in front with tiny acuminate (For 58 specimens examined, see Appendix.) tubercles instead of large spines. Description. Length 14 to 27 mm. Color, see Range. French Guiana and Amazon River Diagnosis. basin. Possibly Mexico. (For 110 specimens exam- Male. Beak, labium, antennal funicle, and ined, see Appendix.) pronotum as described for morbillosus, but pro- Description. Brown or blackish with whitish notum shining and black, without tubercles ex- scaly stripes on sides of pronotum and elytra, cept at extreme sides and apex, and generally those of elytra extending to apex. without yellow setae except in short lateral Male. Beak as described for morbillosus, but stripes; base slightly sinuate. Scutellum, elytra, almost straight; antennal funicle with segment 2 venter, and legs as described for morbillosus, but in some specimens not longer than 1. Pronotum elytra with distinct bands and spots, legs and ely- as described for morbillosus, but sides in front tra with only short hairs. Aedeagus (figs. 35, 36, with tubercles more acuminate than other tuber- 43-45) with apex turned feebly upward; sides cles, but not actually spiny; medial tubercles (dorsal view) sinuate at base; basal sclerite and rather small, transverse, and confluent, and base parameres present; apodemes about equal in rather sinuate. Scutellum, elytra, underside, and length to median lobe. legs as described for morbillosus, but without Female. As described for female of morbillo- long, erect, wispy hairs, and elytra with lateral VAURIE: ODONTODERES 19 white stripes; also middle coxae separated by can Museum of Natural History; and a male para- slightly more than width of beak at apex. type, Lago Acara, Municipio Borba, Amazonas, Aedeagus (figs. 37, 38, 4345) with apex Brazil, July 5 to 20, 1943, A. Parko, collector, in medially projecting in small knob; sides (in dorsal the collection of C. A. Campos Seabra, Rio de view) parallel; apodemes longer than median Janeiro. lobe; parameres obsolete; basal sclerite present. Diagnosis. Differing from other species in Female. Beak as described for male but dor- having deep groove or sulcus on front of head sally with carinae feeble or obsolete, ventrally between extended lateral carinae of beak and in smooth; labium with postmentum flat and about having usual basisternal tubercles of prosternum same width as prementum; antennal funicle with very small. Agreeing with morbillosus, spinicol- segment 1 about equal in length to segment 2. lis, and sexmaculatus in male pronotal spines and Remainder as described for male but pronotum with bilineatus in bilineate pattern. Female not narrower than elytra; prosternum longitudinally known. sulcate and bicarinate from apex to near front Range. Rio Madeira in Amazon River basin, coxae; front coxae without tumid roll; abdomen Brazil. feebly convex. Description of Type. Male; black with white Discussion. In addition to the characters scaly stripes laterally on pronotum and elytra, given in the Diagnosis, females differ from fe- stripes of elytra joined at suture just behind suba- males of the three preceding species in having pical callus. Length 14 mm. two carinae at the front of the prosternum. Simi- Beak slightly longer than pronotum, feebly lar carinae are present, although in some cases arcuate, multicarinate; frons and fovea depressed feebly, in both sexes of ocelliger, transversalis, between strongly elevated dorsolateral carinae of and zetterstedti. Males differ further in having beak that reach to posterior edge of eye; median smaller (normal) front tarsi than those of morbil- carina less elevated, beak ventrally and labium losus, spinicollis, and sexmaculatus, in lacking as described for morbillosus; funicular segment 2 long, wispy hairs on the elytra and legs, and in longer than segment 1. Pronotum as wide as ely- lacking the parameres on the tegmen ring. In ca- tra; disc convex; sides arcuate to before apical petos, which agrees with bilineatus in its bilineate constriction where furnished with two long, for- pattern, the parameres are present, but scarcely ward curving spines; laterally, and at apex visible. medially with dense, elongate, flattish tubercles; The elytral stripes, although distinct, are not disc with about 15 scattered tubercles of same of the same width throughout, but are generally type; laterally with two oblique stripes of dense rather ragged and uneven on the sides. In a fe- white scales; base feebly sinuate. Scutellum se- male from Manicore, Amazonas, the stripes are tose, subquadrate. Elytra about twice length of exceptionally broad and they meet in front, not pronotum with tiny yellowish and whitish scales at the apex, of the elytra. among black, denuded, transverse tubercles of A large female in the Pascoe collection of the striae; striae uniformly punctate; subapical callus British Museum is labeled "Mexico," and biline- not prominent; apexes very feebly angulate. atus appears in the Biologia Centrali-Americana. Prosternum and coxae as described for morbil- However, the locality is probably an error. In any losus; metasternum and abdominal segments 1 case, as noted by Thompson (personal com- and 2 densely hairy; segments 1 and 2 concave. mun.), the Biologia figure is of a large male with Legs with elongate, appressed hairs on smooth, much broader white stripes than the specimen nontuberculate surface. from "Mexico" and said to be from Cayenne. Aedeagus (figs. 39-42) apically with small Five males were dissected. knob; apodemes twice length of median lobe; parameres rudimentary; basal sclerite present. Odontoderes capetos, new species Variations from Type. The male paratype is Figures 6, 13, 3942 slightly smaller (11 mm.), with the depression of Type material. Type, male, Teffe, Brazil, the head somewhat shallower and the postmen- March, 1925, H. Bassler, collector, in the Ameri- tum only feebly tumid. 20 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES

Etymology. The Latin capetos, meaning ditch area between carina and prominent subapical cal- or trench, refers to the sulcate head. lus paler (white) in color, forming, when viewed Discussion. The elytral white stripes come with naked eye, faint transverse band; apexes together at the suture near the subapical callus, rather rounded-truncate; punctures of striae each whereas in anormis, a wider and more robust spe- with whitish scale within. cies, the stripes do not extend so far as the su- Prosternum granulate; front coxae without ture, and in bilineatus the stripes reach the apex. tumid roll, separated by width of antennal seg- Both males were dissected. ment; metasternum and abdominal segments 1 and 2 densely hairy; segments 1 and 2 deeply concave; middle coxae flattened mesially; legs Species Group tumoris with dense scales among tubercles. Odontoderes tumoris, new species Aedeagus (figs. 46, 47) with apex narrowed, Figures 1, 14, 27, 46, 47, 59 turned upward (concave in front); in dorsal view Type Material. Type, male, and paratype, fe- wider in front; apodemes shorter than median male, Iquitos, Peru, in Kuschel collection, Ento- lobe; parameres present; basal sclerite not found. mology Division, Department of Scientific and Variations from Type. The female paratypes Industrial Research, Auckland; and another fe- are 16 and 17 mm. in length; they differ from male paratype, Iquitos, Peru, April 16, 1934, the male by having the pronotum distinctly nar- H. Bassler, collector, in the American Museum of rower than the elytra and lacking the upright Natural History. tubercles laterally in front; on interval 5 of the Diagnosis. Males differing from males ofanor- elytra instead of an abrupt carina, females have a mis and carinatus, which have elytral interval 5 feeble but readily seen tumidity of the same carinate as in tumoris, in having carina abruptly length as the carina of the male, the tumidity elevated in median third only, not throughout; topped by a single row of small tubercles. In one both sexes differ from species mentioned, and of the females an area of paler scales shows with- from capetos, in absence of white lateral stripes. in the humerus. In females the scutellum is sub- Range. Known from type locality only. quadrate; the elytral apexes are more widely Description of Type. Male; appearing brown- separated; the metasternum and abdominal seg- ish, covered, except for black tubercles, with ments 1 and 2 are flat or convex, not concave or tiny, roundish, dense, yellowish scales which hairy; the middle coxae are not flattened. are darker on and near elytral carinae. Length Etymology. The Latin tumoris refers to the 20 mm. tumor or swelling of the elytra. Beak slightly longer than pronotum, straight Discussion. This species shows some affinity to antennal insertion where bent feebly down- to the morbillosus group of species and some to ward, multicarinate, ventrally uniformly punc- those of the anormis group. The male has acute, tate. Labium with postmentum almost as wide as but not spiny pronotal tubercles as in bilineatus long, feebly tumid. Antennal funicle with seg- of the morbillosus group, but the wider scutel- ment 2 slightly shorter than segment 1. Prono- lum, the scaly, not hairy, legs, and the aedeagus tum about as wide as elytra; disc strongly con- are similar to those in the majority of the anor- vex; sides strongly arcuate to apex; sides in front mis group. with seven or eight inconspicuous, stubby, upright tubercles; surface with elongate, round, or transverse granules larger laterally than medially, Species Group anormis and uniformly separated among dense, round, Odontoderes anormis (Chevrolat) yellowish scales; base straight. Scutellum setose, Figures 15, 48, 49, 58,61 wider than long. Elytra more than twice length Callinotus anormis Chevrolat, 1881, P. xx (Bra- of pronotum, covered with tiny, dense, round, zil; type, female, in Naturhistoriska Riks- yellowish scales except for black tubercles of museum, examined). striae and for irregular row of dense, larger tubercles on crest of abruptly elevated, short carina; Diagnosis. Differing from tumoris, carinatus, VAURIE: ODONTODERES 21 ocelliger, and scolius, in having white lateral and the other species that follow, but it has the stripe of elytra not reaching apex, but turning in- same kind of uniform, dense scaling on the ely- ward in front of subapical callosity toward su- tra. The aedeagus is more similar to that of ture. Male with carina of elytral interval 5 longer tumoris although it is not known whether tu- than that of tumoris, and less acute than that moris has any basal sclerite. of carinatus. In the two males examined, the white lateral Range. Amazonas, Brazil, and Rio Tapiche in stripes of the elytra turn inward only to interval Peru. (For three specimens examined, see Appen- 4, whereas in the female type they almost reach dix.) the suture. Both males were dissected. Description. Length 10 to 17 mm. Brownish, with tiny, round, dense yellow-orange scales among black tubercles; white scaly stripes later- Odontoderes carinatus (Guerin-Meneville) ally on pronotum and elytra. Figures 16, 31, 52-54,60 Male. Beak about same length as pronotum, Cholus carinatus Guerin-Meneville, 1844, p. 157 straight to antennal insertion where bent feebly (Cayenne; type, male, not found). downward, multicarinate, densely punctate, ven- Callinotus geminatus Chevrolat, 1878, p. cxl trally uniformly punctate. Labium with postmen- (Brazil; type, female, in Naturhistoriska Riks- tum longer than wide, flat. Antennal funicle with museum, examined; synonymized by Kuschel, segment 2 shorter than segment 1. 1955). Pronotum almost as wide as elytra, laterally Notophus subincostatus Desbrochers des Loges, with two oblique, scaly white stripes; disc con- 1906, p. 365 (Cayenne; type, female, in vex; sides strongly arcuate to apex; surface with Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, exam- elongate, round, or transverse tubercles, well ined; synonymized by Kuschel, 1955). separated among dense, yellow-orange scales; Diagnosis. Narrow, elegant species with white base straight. Scutellum apparently wider than lateral stripes extending unbroken from head to long. Elytra more than twice length of prono- apex of elytra, passing over prominent subapical tum, with tiny, dense, round, yellow-orange callosities of elytra. Male with interval 5 of elytra scales and with lateral white scaly stripes turning (adjacent to white stripe) abruptly, sharply cari- inward toward suture in about apical third, and nate from base to near callus; female similar to with white border at apex; interval 5 carinate female of ocelliger, but elytral callus larger, hind from in front of prominent subapical callus to femur longer, and interval 5 of elytra tuberculate near base of elytra; carina with single row of instead of smooth. black tubercles; strial punctures with white scale Range. French Guiana and Amazon River within; apexes slightly angulate. basin in Brazil; also "Peru." (For date on 24 Prosternum granulate; front coxae without specimens examined, see Appendix.) tumid roll, separated by width of antennal seg- Description. Length 11 to 16 mm. ment; middle coxae rather flattened mesially; Male. Color, beak, labium, antennal funicle, metasternum and abdominal segments 1 and 2 and pronotum as described for anormis, but beak densely hairy, slightly concave, legs with dense seldom dorsally carinate and pronotum elongate, scales among tubercles. scarcely wider than long, with base feebly bisinu- Aedeagus (figs. 48, 49) with apex slightly ate. Scutellum distinctly wider than long, punc- emarginate, concave in front, dorsally about tate. Elytra as described for anornis, but white same width throughout; apodemes shorter than lateral stripes continuous through subapical cal- median lobe; basal sclerite rather opaque; para- lus to apex, and carina of interval 5 higher and meres stout. steeper, in some specimens sinuous. Underside Female. As described for male, but interval 5 and legs as described for anormis, but apex of of elytra not carinate, beak with carinae almost abdomen very hairy and with tiny glabrous obsolete, venter without long hairs. swelling. Discussion. This species is more stocky and Aedeagus (figs. 52-54, 60) with apex acumi- robust, less elongate and narrow than carinatus nate, turned slightly upward; apodemes scarcely 22 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES

longer than median lobe; basal sclerite present; striate elytra, and pronotum with two whitish parameres rudimentary. scaly stripes laterally. Length 16 mm. Female. As described for male except for fol- Beak about same length as pronotum, straight, lowing: beak feebly arcuate, finely punctate; coarsely, tumidly punctate; base carinate in front carina of interval 5 absent, replaced by row of of fovea between eyes, carina forking around tubercles; venter not hairy; apex of abdomen punctate, elevated "platform"; ventrally smooth, flat. finely punctate. Labium and antennal funicle as Discussion. The male of carinatus was de- described for anormis. Pronotum scarcely wider scribed as a Cholus and the female as a species than long, but almost as wide as elytra, strongly (geminatus) of Callinotus. In 1906 Desbrochers convex, laterally with two oblique whitish scaly des Loges described another female asNotophus stripes; sides arcuate to apex; surface with small, subincostatus, at the same time transferring variously shaped black tubercles among dense, carinatus to his new genus. These specific and yellow-orange scales (scales mostly worn off generic names were synonymized with Callinotus disc); base hidden under base of elytra. Scu- carinatus by Kuschel (1955) who at the present tellum almost twice wider than long, punctate. time (personal commun.) considers Callinotus a Elytra not more than twice length of pronotum, synonym of Odontoderes. with tiny, dense round yellow-orange scales, In the type of subincostatus and in several some patches of scales of paler hue; scales in other specimens the canaliculation of the tibiae is feebly tumid area between prominent subapical not very noticeable, partly because of the scales, callosities of deeper orange; basal half with but it is nonetheless present. The elytral carinae minute black granules; punctures of striae with are higher and more sinuous in some males than white scale within; apexes feebly separate, not in others. angulate; base with intervals 2 and 3 projecting The front coxae and the two prosternal tuber- slightly forward onto pronotum. cles of carinatus and ocelliger are closer together Prosternum in front slightly depressed behind than they are in zetterstedti. In transversalis the marginal black band; front coxae without tumid coxae are as approximate but the tubercles are roll, separated by slightly more than width of widely separated. The inner armature of males is antennal segment; metasternum and abdominal similar to that of transversalis, zetterstedti, segments 1 and 2 depressed and densely hairy; scolius, and albior. legs with dense scales among tubercles. All tibiae Six males were dissected. distinctly arcuate. Aedeagus (figs. 50, 51) with apex rounded, with slight suggestion of median projection; Odontoderes scolius, new species apodemes longer than median lobe; median lobe Figures 23, 50, 51 proportionally short for size of weevil; basal sclerite not found; parameres present. Type. Male, Sao Paulo d'Olivenca, Amazonas, Etymology. The Greek name given to this Brazil, in the Kuschel collection, Entomology Di- weevil refers to the "curved" tibiae. vision, Department of Scientific and Industrial Discussion. The lobed basal corner, or angle, Research, Auckland, New Zealand. of the pronotum, when viewed laterally, projects Diagnosis. Differing from other species in angularly into the mesepimeron as it does also in having arcuate, not straight hind tibia (other ocelliger and carinatus, and the elongate-appear- tibiae also arcuate), and in combination of long ing pronotum is similar to that of males of cari- pronotum, short, straight beak, no white stripes natus. In those species, however, the middle and on elytra, and base of elytra jagged and over- hind tibiae are straight, not arcuate, and scolius lapping pronotum. Pronotum elongate and con- differs further in lacking white stripes on the ely- vex as in male of carinatus. tra. Possibly the stripes are merely worn off as Range. Known from type locality only. whitish scales are present at the apex of the ely- Description of Type. Male; brownish with tra. The legs are scaly as are those of anormis, tiny, round, dense, yellow scales in punctate- carinatus, and zetterstedti, not hairy as are those VAURIE: ODONTODERES 23 of ocelliger. The basisternal tubercles are close white band or spots, outlined in black; basal half together as in ocelliger and carinatus. with intervals and striae tuberculate; base with The unique specimen had already been dis- intervals 4 and 5 tumid and projecting forward; sected; if a basal sclerite had been present, it was punctures of striae, when visible, with white scale not in evidence. within; apexes rounded. Odontoderes ocelliger (Perty) Prosternum from apical margin to front coxae Figures 17, 55-57, 62 bicarinate and granulate; front coxae without tumid roll, separated by less than width of anten- Larinus ocelliger Perty, 1830, p. 79, pl. 16, no. 4 (Brazil; type probably in Munich although nal segment; metastemum densely hairy; abdo- there is a "type" in Naturhistoriska Riks- men segments 1 and 2 with long, semi-erect hairs, museum, examined.) rather narrowly concave; legs with dense hairs, Callinotus sahlbergii Boheman, 1836, p. 577 femora in some specimens feebly tuberculate. (Brazil; type, sex not determined, in Natur- Aedeagus (figs. 55-57) very short, broad; apex historiska Riksmuseum, examined; synony- slightly emarginate; apodemes longer than lobe; mized by Klima, 1936). parameres not found, but long coil (possibly fla- Cholus quadripunctatus Hustache, 1940, p. 691 gellum) present. (Bahia, Brazil; type, sex not noted, in Museum Female. As described for male, but segments National d'Histoire Naturelle, examined; new 1 and 2 of abdomen not so deeply concave and synonymy). lacking semi-erect hairs. Diagnosis. Dorsum with continuous white lat- Discussion. Schoenherr (1836) listed "Lari- eral stripes as in zetterstedti and carinatus, but nus? ocelliger Perty, 1830," as a synonym of differing from them in having base of elytra sahlbergii Boheman, 1836, which was corrected strongly lobed and projecting on each side for- 100 years later by Klima (1936), who reinstated ward onto pronotum; apexes of elytra rounded, the earlier name. It is not a common species in not separately angulate; hind femur very short; collections. It has already appeared under three and subapical callosities of elytra obsolete. generic names (Larinus, Callinotus, and Cholus). Range. Eastern Brazil. (For data on 16 speci- The sexes are not readily determined, as the ven- mens examined, see Appendix.) ter is excavated in both, but the cavity extends Description. Brown with dense orange-brown farther on to the second abdominal segment in tiny scales among black tubercles and white lat- the male. eral stripes on pronotum and elytra; some speci- The tubercles behind the front coxae are mens may have oblique transverse white band or rather close together, not so prominent, resem- spots on elytra. Length 13 to 18 mm. bling those of carinatus, rather than the widely Male. Beak longer than pronotum, arcuate, spread tubercles of zetterstedti, transversalis, and from base to antennal insertion laterally sulcate albior. The pronotal disc is tuberculate as in cari- and scaly, medially and apically finely, sparsely natus, not merely setose as in zetterstedti. The punctate; ventrally punctate. Labium and anten- aedeagus is very short and wide, with a long coil nal funicle as described for anormis. Pronotum as in insculptus. In several specimens, including almost as wide as elytra, laterally with two ob- the type of quadripunctatus Hustache, the oblique scaly white stripes; disc rather flat; sides lique white elytral band is broken into four, five, feebly arcuate; surface with round or elongate or six spots, not necessarily the same number on tubercles well separated among dense orange- each side of the elytra. brown hair like scales; base feebly sinuate, in Two males and one female were dissected. repose covered by base of elytra. Scutellum Biology. According to Araujo e Silva (1968) setose, wider than long, or roundish. Elytra ocelliger (as "Cholus quadripunctatus") and zet- almost three times length of pronotum with tiny, terstedti both breed in stems ofSaranthe (Grami- dense, round, orange-brown scales and clearly naceae or Marantaceae). Some of the specimens defined lateral scaly white stripes which reach collected by Bondar are labeled "Gramineas," apex by passing through obsolete subapical cal- "breeds in Saranthe," and "plaga" (pest) of lus; behind middle with interrupted oblique Graminaceae. 24 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES

Odontoderes zetterstedti (Boheman) and 2 deeply concave, densely hairy; legs with Figures 18, 28, 63-66, 85 dense scales, but no tubercles. Aedeagus (figs. 63-66) with apex rounded; Callinotus zetterstedti Boheman, 1836, p. 579 apodemes much longer than median lobe; basal (Brazil; type, male, in Naturhistoriska Riks- sclerite and parameres present. museum, examined). Female. As described for male, but metaster- Callinotus protensus Chevrolat, 1880, p. cxlii num and abdominal segment 1 only feebly sul- (Brazil; type, sex not noted, in Naturhistoriska cate medially; abdominal segment 2 convex; mid- Riksmuseum, examined; synonymized by dle coxae not flattened. Kuschel, 1955). Discussion. The white markings of zetterstedti are quite constant; I have seen only one Diagnosis. Similar in shape and in having specimen that differs in having white scales along continuous lateral white stripes to ocelliger, but the suture of the elytra and a broken transverse differing from it and others of genus in having band behind the middle, but not reaching the two long "tails" at apex of elytra and no tuber- suture. The elytra of both zetterstedti and ocelli- cles or granules on elytra. ger are smooth and covered with uniformly Range. Eastern and southern Brazil and dense, "matted" scales that generally obscure the northern Argentina. (For data on 90 specimens strial punctures, but there are no granules on zet- examined, see Appendix.) terstedti, except on the humerus, whereas there Description. Length 14 to 21 mm. Pronotum are some basally in most specimens of ocelliger. black with white lateral stripes; elytra brownish The second segment of the abdomen is very long with dense orange-brown scales and white lateral in zetterstedti, as well as in transversalis, albior, stripes continuous from pronotum to apex of and insculptus; it appears to be more than twice elytral "tails." the length of segments 3 and 4 combined. Three Male. Beak longer than pronotum, straight to males were dissected. antennal insertion where bent feebly downward; The type of Chevrolat's protensus is very multicarinate or feebly unicarinate, and densely, worn, but is unmistakably this species. reticulately punctate; ventrally sparsely, finely Biology. The species breeds in the stems of punctate. Labium and antennal funicle as Saranthe in Bahia, a monocotyledon of the described for anormis. Pronotum almost as wide family Graminaceae or Marantaceae (Araujo e as elytra, laterally with two oblique scaly stripes; Silva, 1968). sides strongly arcuate to apex; disc rather flattened, without tubercles but with sparse, setose punctures; laterally with round, convex, sparse, Odontoderes transversalis (Pascoe) black tubercles; base straight, medially from base Figures 19, 24, 67-69 to middle feebly impressed and with tiny brown Solenopus transversalis Pascoe, 1872, p. 475, pl. scales. Scutellum longer than wide in most speci- 11, fig. 4 (Brazil; type, male, in British Mu- mens, impunctate. Elytra (including apical pro- seum [Natural History], examined). jections) almost three times length of pronotum, Solenopus bondari Hustache, 1941, p. 133 with no (Bahia, Brazil; type, male, in Museum tiny, dense, round, orange-brown scales, National d'Histoire Naturelle, examined; new tubercles, laterally with white scaly stripes reach- synonymy). ing apex through feeble subapical callus; punctures of striae with white scale within; apexes Diagnosis. Differing from all preceding spe- with separate, acuminate, slightly inward curving cies of group in having longer beak, pronotum projections at least as long as claw segment. more noticeably narrower than elytra, disc of Prosternum feebly bicarinate from apical mar- pronotum flat or concave, not convex, and gin to front coxae; front coxae without tumid scarcely, if at all tuberculate, and apex of aedea- roll, separated by slightly more than width of gus asymmetrical. Very similar to albior but dif- antennal segment; middle coxae rather flattened fering from it in lacking white stripes on elytra mesially; metasternum and abdominal segments 1 laterally and in aedeagus. VAURIE: ODONTODERES 25

Range. Eastern Brazil. (For data on 32 speci- sides of the elytra, or band lacking entirely, and mens examined, see Appendix.) in specimens described as bondari Hustache, the Description. Length 13 to 17 mm. Dark band is said to be situated farther back, more brown with variable white scaly areas that are posteriorly. It is true that, of the 32 specimens I generally present on pronotum (as white lateral have examined (including the types of bondari stripes), on base of elytra or on humerus, in and transversalis), there are seven or eight indi- transverse band behind middle and in large patch viduals in which the white band appears to be at apex of elytra. farther back because it begins (when seen in lat- Male. Beak, labium as described for anormis, eral view) from the apex instead of the middle of but in some specimens beak longer (one and the first abdominal segment. Such individuals, one-half times length of pronotum); antennal however, do not necessarily agree with the other funicle with segments 1 and 2 about equal in differences given by Hustache (1941), namely, length. Pronotum narrower than elytra, laterally that bondari is smaller, shorter, with more con- with two oblique white stripes; sides at base sub- vex elytra, with the sides of the pronotum granu- parallel, arcuate from middle to apex; disc flat or late, the beak of the male shorter, less arcuate, concave, sparingly or not at all tuberculate, in and the front tibia more strongly bisinuate with- some specimens finely punctate; laterally tuber- in. Thus in a male (transversalis) with the band cles may be hidden by pale hairs or by dark distinctly more anterior (beginning from the mid- scales; base straight or feebly sinuate. Scutellum dle of the first segment of the abdomen), the longer than wide, punctate. Elytra about three front tibiae are more sinuate than those of two times longer than pronotum with minute, dense, males (bondari) with the band more posterior. dark scales as well as long whitish scales as Furthermore, although the granules on the sides described above; subapical callosities fairly prom- of the pronotum are more distinct in some bon- inent; striae with large (as wide as intervals), dari, in other individuals with the band more pos- deep, uniform foveae, in many individuals sepa- terior they are as indistinct as those of specimens rated longitudinally by transverse, linear tuber- with the band more anterior. Actually, these cles; apexes separately rounded. granules are hidden in fresh specimens by hairs or Prosternum feebly bicarinate from apical mar- scales and exposed when the vestiture is worn. gin to front coxae; front coxae without tumid Other characters being the same for individuals roll, virtually contiguous (separated by less than with both kinds of band, or varying in the same width of antennal segment); middle coxae flat- way, I consider bondari a synonym of trans- tened mesially; metasternum and abdominal seg- versalis. ments 1 and 2 deeply concave, densely hairy; legs The front femur is very large and bulbous as it with dense hair, no tubercles; in good condition is also in albior and insculptus; the femur of a femora, tibiae, sides of prosternum, and venter male of transversalis which is 15 mm. long, is with additional long, wispy hairs. more bulbous than that of a specimen of a large Aedeagus (figs. 67-69) with apical projection bilineatus of 24 mm. In males of transversalis and asymmetrical, bent to one side; apodemes longer albior the tooth of the front femur (fig. 24) is than median lobe; basal sclerite and parameres closer to the apex than that of other species, and present. is at right angles to the apex. The basal sclerite of Female. As described for male but venter the aedeagus is strongly sclerotized and is propor- without long, wispy hairs; metasternum flat, not tionally larger than that of zetterstedti. In some concave; middle coxae not flattened; segment 1 examples of transversalis the apical dorsal comb of abdomen slightly depressed and segment 2 of the tibia appears to be longer than that of convex; femora less bulbous and with shorter other species, namely, almost one-third, instead tooth. of one-fourth or one-fifth the length of the tibia. Discussion. The elytral pattern is quite vari- Six males were dissected. able. The white posterior band not only varies in Biology. Four specimens of "bondari" (no. length but it can be either straight or slightly 2533, Santa Theresinha, Brazil) were collected in sinuous, broken at the middle or not reaching the flowers of the palm, Cocos coronata, and a speci- 26 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES men from Santa Ignez, Bahia, in flowers of "li- projection turned slightly upward; apodemes curi" (perhaps the same palm). Araujo e Silva longer than median lobe; basal sclerite and para- (1968) wrote that "bondari" develops in the meres present. growing leaf stalks of the "licurizeiro" and trans- Variation from Type. The male paratype is versalis "em coqueiro da Bahia." longer (13 mm.), with more long wispy hairs ventrally and on the legs (even some on the tibiae), Odontoderes albior, new species and with only three patches of white scales on Figures 20, 29, 70-72, 83 the striae of each elytron. The tubercles of the Type Material. Type, male, Rio [de] Janeiro, sides of the prostemum are scarcely visible under Brazil, in the Kuschel collection, Entomology Di- the dense white hairs, and the pronotum is more vision, Department of Scientific and Industrial convex. Research, Auckland; and male paratype, Espirito Etymology. This species is "whiter" than Santo, Brazil, to be deposited in the American transversalis, hence the Latin comparative. Museum of Natural History. Discussion. The two specimens are so similar Diagnosis. Similar to transversalis, differing in many details (including the tooth of the front only in having more white in elytral pattem and femur) to transversalis that they might almost be aedeagus symmetrical and shaped differently. considered color variants of that species. The Similar also to insculptus, but pronotum nar- aedeagus, however, is completely different (figs. rower, with smaller, sparser tubercles, elytra with 67-72). The aedeagus resembles that of insculp- many white scales, and tooth of front femur of tus in its general shape and strong curvature, but male at right angles to inner apex (as in fig. 24). it differs in having less sculpturing and the sides In these three species the front coxae are vir- separated, not meeting dorsally. If the elytral tually contiguous. pattern of albior proves constant, it differs Range. Eastern Brazil. further from transversalis in having white stripes Description of Type. Male; length 11 mm. laterally on the elytra, as well as transversely. Pronotum with white lateral stripes; elytra dark Both specimens were dissected. brown with white scaly band at base continuing on to sides and epipleurae to apex; at apical third Odontoderes insculptus, new species oblique white band, and white scales covering Figures 21, 25, 30, 76, 77, 82 apex to subapical callus; also seven or eight scattered patches of white scales on striae of each Type.. Male, Porto Velho [possibly Ama- elytron. zonas], Brazil, in the Kuschel collection, Ento- Beak longer than pronotum, straight to anten- mology Division, Department of Scientific and nal insertion where bent feebly downward, multi- Industrial Research, Auckland. carinate and punctate; ventrally coarsely punc- Diagnosis. Differing from all species in beauti- tate on sides, impunctate medially. Labium and fully shaped and sculptured, tubelike aedeagus in antennal funicle as described for anormis. Prono- which rolled-over sides are almost contiguous tum as described for transversalis, but disc rather dorsally. Otherwise most similar to albior and flat, not concave, with well-separated, transverse transversalis, but lacking elytral white stripes. linear tubercles, some punctate; laterally with Range. Known from type locality only. tiny, convex tubercles among dense white scales; Description of Type. Male; length 16 mm. base straight. Scutellum about as wide as long, Brownish red, with tiny, dark scales interrupted punctate. Elytra as described for transversalis, by round patches of pale scales, four or five on but pattern as given above and striae with shal- each interval of elytra; white lateral stripes on low punctures, not deep foveae, and tubercles pronotum. denser. Ventral side and legs as described for Beak longer than pronotum, virtually straight; transversalis, but long wispy hairs partially worn multicarinate, densely punctate; ventrally granu- off and hairs of abdominal cavity sparse and late on outer edge and longitudinally sulcate. Labi- short. um and antennal funicle as described for anor- Aedeagus (figs. 70-72, 83) with median apical mis, but funicle with segment 2 longer than seg- VAURIE: ODONTODERES 27 ment 1. Pronotum almost as wide as elytra, lat- A. Maller, collector; and two female paratypes, erally with two oblique, rather indistinct, scaly same data, but December, 1944, and February, stripes; disc rather flat; sides arcuate; surface 1945, in the American Museum of Natural His- medially with confluent, flattened tubercles of tory; 5 additional paratypes: with same data, but various shapes, laterally with round, more sepa- November, 1953, one male in collection of C. A. rated tubercles; scales present laterally but worn Campos Seabra; same data, but "1932.29," one on disc; base straight. Scutellum longer than male in Museum fur Tierkunde, Dresden; Rio wide, setose. Elytra almost three times length of Vermelho, Santa Catarina, December, 1955, A. pronotum, with tiny, dense, round dark scales Maller, collector, one male, and Maromba, Ita- and some widely separated pale scales in four or tiaia, east of Rio de Janeiro, December 26, 1953, five round patches on alternate intervals; hu- Seabra and Alvarenga, collectors, one female, merus and area behind subapical callus also with both in collection of Seabra; "Brazil," one male pale scales; intervals and striae densely tubercu- in Kuschel collection, Division of Entomology, late or granulate; punctures of striae with white Department of Scientific and Industrial Re- scale within; apexes separately rounded. search, Auckland. Prosternum granulate and from apical margin Diagnosis. Similar to costalis in short, stocky to front coxae bicarinate; front coxae virtually body and aedeagus, but differing in dorsal pat- contiguous, with feeble tumid roll and flattened tern and longer beak. Differing from anormis spe- surface; middle coxae also mesially flattened; cies group in combination of short elytra (only metasternum feebly, and abdominal segments 1, twice length of pronotum), very convex prono- 2, and 5 deeply concave, and densely hairy; legs tum, and short metasternum. with dense hairs and feeble tubercles; femora Range. Southeastern and eastern Brazil. strongly bulbous, with long hairs on inner mar- Description of Type. Male; length 12 mm. gins. Black with white scales among black tubercles, Aedeagus (figs. 76, 77, 82) with median apical appearing gray to naked eye; pronotum with two projection; dorsally longitudinally impressed on oblique white stripes continuing on to humerus; each side at about middle; apodemes longer than elytra behind middle with obliquely transverse, median lobe; basal sclerite pieces, parameres, and distinct white band from side to side. long coil present. Beak one-fourth longer than pronotum, feebly Etymology. The Latin insculptus refers to the arcuate, dorsally vaguely unicarinate in basal "carved" or "etched" appearance of the aedea- two-thirds, densely punctate toward apex; ven- gus. trally punctate on feeble median ridge and in Discussion. The unique male of insculptus feeble longitudinal depressions on each side. resembles males of the morbillosus species group Labium with postmentum longer than premen- in having a tumid roll (although small) on the tum, slightly tumid. Antennal funicle with seg- front coxae, the coxae flattened behind, and the ments 1 and 2 about equal in length. Pronotum underside of the beak sulcate and granulate; it is at widest part as wide as elytra; disc strongly similar to males of the anormis group in having convex, bulbous; sides strongly arcuate to apical the postmentum of the labium flat, not tumid, constriction; surface with large, round, convex and the pronotum without spines. The pronotum tubercles mostly separated by about their diam- is wider than that of albior and transversalis, the eters, interspersed with elongate white hairs front femur is somewhat less bulbous, and its and with two oblique stripes of dense white inner tooth is farther from the apex. scales; base bisinuate. Scutellum slightly wider than long, setose. Elytra about twice longer than pronotum, with white hairlike setae among trans- Species Group brevis verse, black, linear tubercles of striae; pattern as Odontoderes brevis, new species given above; subapical callosities prominent; Figures 22, 32, 73-75, 84 apexes rounded, slightly separated. Type Material. Type, male, Corupa (Hansa Prosternum from apical margin to front coxae Humbolt), Santa Catarina, Brazil, January, 1946, feebly bicarinate; front coxae without tumid roll, 28 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES

FIG. 26. Odontoderes costalis, type, male, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil (12 x 4.8 mm.). separated by about width of antennal segment; Variation from Type. The paratypes range in metastemum and abdominal segments 1 and 2 length from 10 to 14 mm. Dorsally the females concave and densely hairy; legs with elongate resemble the males, but the pronotum is perhaps hairs, no tubercles. not quite so convex or so wide, the beak is Aedeagus (figs. 73-75, 84) with median apical slightly longer, the labium flat, and in one female projection; apodemes about same length as the elytra are more than twice the length of the median lobe; basal sclerite and parameres pres- pronotum. The metasternum of females differs in ent. being flat, and the first two abdominal segments VAURIE: ODONTODERES 29

are strongly convex, not concave. In two of the mantina, Fazenda do Riacho Fundo, Minas paratypes (a male and female) the white dorsal Gerais, Brazil, December, 1902, E. Gounelle, col- markings are not noticeable because they are of lector, in Kuschel collection, Entomology Divi- the same yellow color as the other vestiture; per- sion, Department of Scientific and Industrial haps they became greased. In several paratypes Research, Auckland; and one male paratype, Bra- the apexes of the elytra are angulate. The scu- zil, in Zoologisches Museum, Berlin. tellum of some individuals is about as wide as Diagnosis. Similar to brevis in robust shape long, and the prosternal carinae are very short or and convex pronotum, but differing from all spe- scarcely visible. cies in having pronotum at middle as well as lat- Etymology. The Latin brevis means short, erally with white scaly stripe, and elytra with referring to the elytra, the tibial comb, and the alternating distinct white or yellow stripes. metasternum. Range. Minas Gerais and probably other parts Discussion. This species and costalis, which of Brazil. follows, are shorter and stockier, with shorter Description of Type. Male; length 12 mm. tibial comb and more convex pronotum and ely- Pronotum with three and elytra with 10 to 12 tra than those of the species of the anormis linear scaly white stripes. group, although anormis itself is rather robust. Beak same length as pronotum, virtually Perhaps brevis and costalis are more closely allied straight, robust, multicarinate except toward to the morbillosus group, but the males lack the apex where finely punctate; ventrally punctate secondary sexual characters of that group, and with longitudinal depression on each side of namely, the tumid coxal roll, the pronotal spines, median ridge. Labium with postmentum as wide and the enlarged postmentum and front tarsus. as long, scarcely longer then prementum, slightly The awl-shaped, long basal sclerite is proportion- tumid. Antennal funicle with segments 1 and 2 ally much larger than that of some of the larger equal in length. Pronotum narrower than elytra; species. disc feebly convex; sides arcuate to apical con- The type and another male were dissected. striction; surface with flattened, confluent, ir- regularly shaped tubercles and a few punctures; base straight. Scutellum slightly longer than Odontoderes costalis, new species wide, setose. Elytra slightly longer than twice Figures 26, 78-81 pronotum, with dense yellow scales on alternate Type Material. Type, male, Campos de Dia- intervals, except where worn off; striae uni-

28 2 9 277

FIGS. 27-32. Sternite 8 of Odontoderes. 27. 0. tumoris. 28. 0. zetterstedti. 29. 0. albior. 30. 0. insculptus. 31. 0. carinatus. 32. 0. brevis. formly deeply, densely punctate, each puncture Aedeagus (figs. 78-81) with median apical pro- with tiny seta within; subapical callus prominent; jection; apodemes of same length as median lobe; apexes feebly separated. basal sclerite and parameres present. Prosternum in front not carinate; front coxae Variation from Type. Although the male without tumid roll, separated by width of anten- paratype (11.5 mm.) has had the pronotum and nal segment; metasternum feebly, and abdominal elytra broken and glued together again, and al- segments 1 and 2 distinctly concave, hairy; legs though there is no exact locality data with it, it is with elongate hairs, no tubercles. in better condition than the type as far as the

35 33

34 38

40 44

42 (9

39 4 5

FIGS. 3342. Median lobe of aedeagus of Odontoderes. 33, 34. 0. morbillosus. 33. Lateral view. 34. Dorsal view. 35, 36. 0. spinicollis. 35. Lateral view. 36. Dorsal view; characteristic also of 0. sexmaculatus. 37, 38. 0. bilineatus. 37. Lateral view. 38. Dorsal view showing basal sclerite pieces protruding. 3942. 0. capetos. 39. Median lobe, dorsal view. 40. Tegmen with ring and rudimentary parameres. 41. Basal sclerite. 42. Median lobe, lateral view. FIGS. 43-45. Parts of genitalia of morbillosus spinicollis, sexmaculatus, and bilineatus. 43. Tegmen ring and parameres. 44. Basal sclerite, dorsal view, and 45, lateral view. VAURIE: ODONTODERES 31

48 5 0

5 1 46 4 7 4 9

52 3 54 64J55 ~5 5

5 9

6 1 6 2 5 8 6 0

FIGS. 46-57. Median lobe of aedeagus of Odontoderes. 46, 47. 0. tumoris. 46. Lateral view. 47. Dorsal view. 48, 49. 0. anormis. 48. Lateral view. 49. Dorsal view, showing opaque, but not sclerotized basal sclerite within. 50, 51. 0. scolius. 50. Lateral view. 51. Dorsal view. 52-54. 0. carinatus. 52. Lateral view. 53. Dorsal view. 54. Basal sclerite, larger scale. 55-57. 0. ocelliger. 55. Coil with basal sclerite within. 56. Median lobe, dorsal view, and 57, lateral view. 47, 49. Base not shown because of strong curvature. FIGS. 58-60. Tegmen, ring, and parameres. 58. 0. anormis. 59. 0. tumoris. 60. 0. carinatus with rudimentary parameres. FIGS. 61, 62. Sternite 9 or spiculum gastrale. 61. 0. anormis. 62. 0. ocelliger. 6 4 6 9 68 6 5 6 6

7 35 72 7 5

78~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

7 9 7 6

82 8 3 4

FIGS. 63-82. Median lobe of aedeagus of Odontoderes. 63-66. 0. zetterstedti. 63. Lateral view with tegmen in situ. 64. Dorsal view. 65. Basal sclerite, dorsal view, larger scale, and 66, lateral view. 67-69. 0. transversalis. 67. Lateral view. 68. Dorsal view. 69. Basal sclerite, larger scale. 70-72. 0. albior. 70. Lateral view. 71. Dorsal view. 72. Basal sclerite, larger scale. 73-75. 0. brevis. 73. Lateral view. 74. Dorsal view. 75. Basal sclerite. 76, 77. 0. insculptus. 76. Lateral view. 77. Dorsal view. 78-81. 0. costalis. 78. Lateral view. 79. Dorsal view. 80. Basal sclerite, and 81, larger scale, showing dentations. 82. 0. insculptus, basal sclerite pieces. FIGS. 83-85. Tegmen ring and parameres. 83. 0. albior. 84. 0. brevis. 85. 0. zetterstedti; characteristic also of 0. insculptus and transversalis. 64, 68, 71, 77. Base not shown because of strong curvature. VAURIE: ODONTODERES 33 coloration is concerned. The scales of the scu- core, 19 (KU). Para: Obidos, Sept., 1956, 19 tellum, suture, and alternate intervals of the ely- (CS). tra are almost white, contrasting with the scales FRENCH GUIANA: 20d, 59 (MN, US); Cay- of the other intervals which are brownish yellow enne, 13d, 129 (BM, CS, KU, MN, SM, SN); Ma- with only tiny patches of white. The tubercles of roni, 2d (BM, MN); Gourdonville, 3d, 29 (KU, MN); following all MN: Nouveau Chantier, 1d, the pronotal disc of the paratype are so flattened 29; Pariacabo, Riviere de Kourou, 3d, 49; Les and merged that they appear as a black mass with Roches de Kourou, 3d, 19; St. Jean du Maroni, large punctures. 2d, 19; St. Laurent du Maroni, 13d, 139. Etymology. The Latin costalis is for the MEXICO: 19 (BM), probably error. ribbed effect. NO LOCALITY: 5 (BM, MN). Discussion. In both specimens of costalis at the dorsal apex of the beak on each side are two Odontoderes brevis, new species sets of six or more golden hairs curling over the BRAZIL: (see under the species in the text). mandibles. Such hairs are present in other species new of the subfamily, but doubtless are generally Odontoderes capetos, species BRAZIL: (see under the species in the text). rubbed off. In one brevis and in albior, one or more of these hairs are visible. Odontoderes carinatus (Guerin-Meneville) BRAZIL: 1d (SM); Amazonas; Fazenda Ta- APPENDIX: SPECIMENS EXAMINED perinha, near Santarem, 1d, 39 (KU, SP); San- tarem, ld (US). For convenience the countries under each spe- FRENCH GUIANA: 1d, 19 (MN); Cayenne, cies are arranged alphabetically. Sex is given where 3d, 19 (type of subincostatus, MN), 1d, 19 (KU); ascertained. Letter symbols for the institutions following all MN: Nouveau Chantier, 16; Pari- to which the specimens belong are as follows: acabo, Riviere de Kourou, 16; Roches de Kou- AM, the American Museum of Natural History, rou, id, 19; St. Jean du Maroni, Id; St. Laurent New York du Maroni, 3d, also Id (KU). BM, British Museum (Natural History), London PERU: 16(KU). CS, C. A. Campos Seabra, Rio de Janeiro, private collection Odontoderes costalis, new species KU, Kuschel collection, Entomology Division, BRAZIL: (see under the species in the text). Department of Scientific and Industrial Re- search, Auckland Odontoderes insculptus, new species MN, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris under the species in the text). NR, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseum, Stockholm BRAZIL: (see SM, Staatliches Museum fur Tierkunde, Dresden Odontoderes morbillosus (Drury) SN, Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesell- BRAZIL: 1d (type of percheroni, NR), 19 schaft, Frankfurt (type of cacicus, NR), 13d, 139 (KU, MN). Bahia: SP, Museu de Zoologia, Sao Paulo 3d, 49 (AM, MN, SM). Espirito Santo: 1d, 19 UR, Faculdade de Agronomia, Montevideo (KU); Linhares, Parque Sooretama, 19 (CS). Rio US, National Museum of Natural History, Wash- de Janeiro: 7d, 29 (AM, MN); Mendes, 4d, 39 ington, D.C. (KU, MN); Tijuca, 19 (MN); Floresta da Tijuca, ZM, Zoologisches Museum, Berlin 1d (CS); Sao Bento, D. Caxias, 1d (CS). Santa ZS, Zoologische Staatssammlung, Munich Catarina: ld (MN). Parana: Matelandia, 19 (CS). State ?: Boa Sorte, 19 (SM). Odontoderes albior, new species FRENCH GUIANA: Cayenne, 3d, 19 (MN). BRAZIL: (see under the species in the text). NO LOCALITY: 39 (US, ZM). Odontoderes anormis (Chevrolat) BRAZIL: 19 (type, NR), Sao Paulo d'Oli- Odontoderes ocelliger (Perty) venia, Id (KU). BRAZIL: 2 (including type of sahlbergii, NR); PERU: Upper Rio Tapiche, 1d (AM). 5 (KU, MN); Bahia, ld (type of quadripunctatus, MN), 2 (KU, AM, SM); Santa Theresa, Espirito Odontoderes bilineatus (Lacordaire) Santo, Dec., 1964, 29 (SP). BRAZIL: 1d, 29 (KU, US); Amazonas: Mani- NO LOCALITY: 3 (CS, AM, ZM). 34 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES

Odontoderes scolius, new species of zetterstedti, NR), 17 (KU, MN, SP, US); Cor- BRAZIL: (see under the species in the text). covado, Guanabara, 14d, 129 (SP, UR); Espirito Santo, 4 (AM, SM); Linhares, Parque Sooretama, Odontoderes sexmaculatus (Olivier) Espirito Santo, 1 (CS). Sao Paulo: 2 (MN, SP), BRAZIL: 29 (MN, US); Amazonas, 19 (KU); Alto da Serra, 2d (SP); Boraceia, 1 (SP). Rio de Rio de Janeiro, 19 (MN). Janeiro: 3 (MN), Petropolis, 2d (SM, SP), Flo- CHILE: 1d (type of nitidicollis, NR), proba- resta de Tijuca, 5 (CS), Maromba Itatiaia, 19 (CS), bly error. Paineiras, 1d (CS), Tijuca, Alto da Boa Vista, 19 FRENCH GUIANA: 19 (type of sexmac- (CS). Santa Catarina: Corupa, Hansa Humbolt, ulatus, MN), 2d (MN), Id (type of politicollis, 12 (AM, CS, KU, MN, SM). US); Cayenne, 14d, 49 (KU, MN, SM); following NO LOCALITY: 8 (CS, MN, ZM). all MN: Charvin, tributary of Maroni, 19; Maroni, Id, 29; Nouveau Chantier, 2d, 29; St. Jean du Maroni, 4d, 39; St. Laurent du Maroni, 6d, 59. SURINAM: Id (KU). LITERATURE CITED Odontoderes spinicollis (Boheman) BOLIVIA: Id, 29, Guarayos, 3d, 19, Santa Araujo e Silva, A. G. de, et al. Cruz de la Sierra, 1d, 19 (KU, MN), Buenavista, 1968. Quarto catalogo dos insetos que vivem Id (KU). nas plantas do Brasil. Ministerio Agr., BRAZIL: 5d, 39 (KU, SM). Amazonas: 2 Rio de Janeiro, vol. 1, pt. 2, pp. 1-622. (MN); Massenary, 4d, 79 (KU, MN); Manaus, 19 Blackwelder, R. E. (MN); Santarem, 19 (US); Teffe, 19 (AM); Benja- 1947. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of min Constant, 19 (CS); Guajara, Rio Madeira, Mexico, Central America, the West Borda, 1d (CS); Lago Acara, Rio Madeira, Borda, Indies, and South America. Part 5. Cur- 2d, 19 (CS); Porto Velho, Rio Madeira, 19 (KU). culionidae. Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus., no. Mato Grosso: Corumba, 19 (MN). Goyaz: Ja- 185, pp. 791-921. tahy, 19 (MN). Para: 19 (KU); Obidos, 3d, 19 Boheman, C. H. (CS); Mangabeira, Mocajuba, 39 (CS). 1836. [New species.] In Schoenherr, C. J., FRENCH GUIANA: 21d, 109 (MN, US); 19 Genera et species curculionidum. Paris, (type, NR); Cayenne, 15d, 109 (KU, MN, SM); vol. 3, pp. 1-858. following all MN: Essequibo, 19; Gourdonville, 1844. [New species.] In Schoenherr, C. J., 6d, 69; Guatimala, Riviere de Kourou, Id, 19, op. cit., Paris, vol. 8, pt. 1, pp. 1-442. near St. Georges Oyapock, 19; Maroni, 1d, 29; Bovie, A. St. Laurent du Maroni, 9d, 89; Nouveau Chan- 1907. Notes sur les curculionides. Ann. Ent. tier, Id, 19; Pariacabo, Riviere de Kourou, 2d, Soc. Belgique, vol. 51, pp. 67-7 1. 19; Roches de Kourou, 4d, 39; Passoura, Riviere Champion, G. C. de Kourou, 8d, 19. "1902-1906" [ 1903]. Group Cholina. In God- NO LOCALITY: 14 (MN, US). man, F. D., and 0. Salvin, Biologia Cen- trali-Americana. London, Coleoptera, Odontoderes transversalis (Pascoe) vol. 4, pt. 4, pp. 290-314, pls. 15, 16. BRAZIL: 7d (including type of bondari, MN, Chevrolat, L. A. and type of transversalis, BM), 59 (KU, MN, SM, 1878. Seance du 23 octobre, 1878. Ann. Soc. ZS); Bahia: Id, 19 (KU), Santa Theresinha, 5d, Ent. France, ser. 5, vol. 8, Bull. des 19 (AM, MN, US); Santa Ignez, Id (AM). Rio de Seances, pp. cxl-cxlvi. Janeiro: 2d, 19 (US), Floresta da Tijuca, 39 (CS), 1880. Seance du 8 decembre, 1880. Ibid., ser. Mendes, Id (MN); Petropolis, 19 (SM). 5, vol. 10, pp. cxlii-cxliii. NO LOCALITY: 2d (MN, ZM). 1881. Seance du 26 janvier, 1881. Ibid., ser. 6, vol. 1, pp. xv-xxv. Odontoderes tumoris, new species Costa Lima, A. da, and C. A. Campos Seabra PERU: (see under the species in the text). 1955. Notas sobre Rhinastus e Homalinotus. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, vol. 53, pp. Odontoderes zetterstedti (Boheman) 421-434. ARGENTINA: Misiones, 1 (KU). Dejean, P. F. M. A. BRAZIL: 2 (type of protensus and male type 1836. Catalogue des coleopteres de la collec- VAURIE: ODONTODERES 35

tion de M. le Comte Dejean. 3rd edit. teres. Paris, vol. 7, pp. 1-620. pls. Paris, pp. 1-468. 61-80. Desbrochers des Loges, J. Olivier, A. G. 1906. Etudes sur les curculionides exotiques 1790. Histoire naturelle. Insectes. In Encyclo- et descriptions d'esp'eces inedites. Ann. pedie methodique. Paris, vol. 5, pp. Soc. Ent. Belgique, vol. 50, pp. 355- 1-793. 372. naturelle des Drury, D. 1807. Entomologie ou histoire 1782. Illustrations of natural history. Lon- insectes. Coleopteres. Texte. Paris, vol. don, vol. 3, pp. 1-176, pls. 1-50. 5,pp. 1-612. Germar, E. E. 1808. Entomologie . . . Planches, genres 66 a' 1824. Insectorum species novae. Halle, vol. 1, 100. Paris, vol. 8, no. 83, Curculio, pIs. pp. 1-624. 1-35. Guerin-Meneville, F. E. Pascoe, F. P. 1844. Iconographie du regne animal de G. 1872. Contributions towards a knowledge of

. pp. Cuvier . . Insectes. Paris, vol. 7, the Curculionidae. Jour. Linnean Soc. 5-576. London, vol. 11, pp. 440-492, pls. 1-13. Heller, K. M. 1881. New neotropical Curculionidae. Part 4. 1906. Neue Russelkafer aus Central- und Suld- Ann. Mag Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. 7, pp. amerika. Stettiner Ent. Zeitg., vol. 67, 38-45. pp. 3-50. Perty, M. 1908. Synonymische und andere auf die 1830. Insecta brasiliensia. In Spix, J. B., and Systematik bezugliche Notizen (Col.). C. F. Ph. de Martius, Delectus ani- Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., vol., 6, pp. malium articulatorum. Munich, pp. 58-59. 1-190, pls. 1-40. Herbst, J. F. W. Sahlberg, C. R. 1795. Natursystem aller bekannten in- und insec- Insecten. Berlin, vol. 6, 1823. Periculi entomographica, species auslandischen torum. Abo (Turku), pp. 1-82, pls. 1-4. pp. 3-520, pls. 60-95. Hustache, A. Schoenherr, C. J. 1939. Curculionides nouveaux de l'Amerique 1826. Curculionidum dispositio methodica. meridionale. Arb. Morph. Taxon. Ent. Leipzig, vol. 4, pp. 1-338. Berlin-Dahlem, vol. 6, pp. 162-183. 1836. Genera et species curculionidum. Paris, 1940. Curculionides nouveaux du Bresil. Rev. vol. 3, pp. 1-858. Ent., vol. I1, pp. 690-713. curculionides du Bresil. 1844. Genera et species curculionidum. Paris, 1941. Nouveaux vol. 8, pt. 1, pp. 1442. Ibid., vol. 12, pp. 131-139. Klima, A. Vaurie, P. 1936. Curculionidae, subfamily Cholinae. In 1973a. Revision of Rhinastus and description Junk, W., Coleopterorum catalogus. of a new species of Cholus. Amer. Mus. Berlin, vol. 29, pt. 146, pp. 3-32. Novitates, no. 2517, pp. 1-17, figs. Kuschel, G. 1-32. 1955. Nuevas sinonimias y anotaciones sobre 1973b. The weevil genera Homalinotus and Curculionoidea (1). Rev. Chilena Ent., Ozopherus of the Neotropical Cholinae vol. 4, pp. 261-312. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Bull. Amer. Lacordaire, T. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 152, pp. 3-49, 1866. Histoire naturelle des insectes. Coleop- figs. 1-138.

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