Report for the Flint and

Genesee Chamber of CommerceO tter Lake On Behalf of Flint and Genesee Opportunity Youth Coalition

Clio Montrose Otisville

Mt Morris

Flushing

Davison Flint

Burton

Lennon

Swartz Creek

Grand Blanc Goodrich

Gaines

Linden University of Michigan-Flint Sara McDonnell,Fen Projectton Coordinator Paige Tiedeman, Lead Research Assistant Elizabeth Sims, Research Assistant Kasie Nickel-White, Faculty Advisor, Legend Department of Social Work, University of Michigan-Flint GeneseeCoSchools 6, Brandon School District 13, Davison Community Schools 20, Grand Blanc Community Schools 27, Linden Community Schools Label, NAME 7, Byron Area Schools 14, Durand Area Schools 21, Holly Area School District 28, Millington Community Schools 1, Atherton Community Schools 8, Carman-Ainsworth Comm. Schools 15, Fenton Area Public Schools 22, Howell Public Schools 29, Montrose Community Schools 2, Beecher Community Sch. District 9, Chesaning Union Schools 16, Flint City School District 23, Kearsley Community Schools 30, Mt. Morris Consolidated Schools 3, Bendle Public Schools 10, Clarkston Community S/D 17, Flushing Community Schools 24, Lake Fenton Community Schools 31, New Lothrop Area Public Schools 4, Bentley Community Schools 11, Clio Area School District 18, Genesee School District 25, Lakeville Community Schools 32, Swartz Creek Community Schools 5, Birch Run Area School District 12, Corunna Public School District 19, Goodrich Area Schools 26, Lapeer Community Schools 33, Westwood Heights Schools OVERVIEW Opportunity Youth are defined as individuals ages 16 to 24 that are not engaged in the workforce or education. These individuals struggle to stay in school or retain employment. They are often in poverty and struggle with homelessness (Flint and Genesee Chamber of Commerce, 2016). The Flint and Genesee Opportunity Youth Coalition is coordinated by the Flint and Genesee Chamber of Commerce. University of Michigan-Flint was hired by the Chamber of Commerce in July 2016 to provide research assistance and reporting on the demographic trends of Genesee county’s Opportunity Youth, and to perform a fiscal scan of federal funds acquired by local service providers. The report is divided into three main sections (1) Population (2) Fiscal Scan and (3) Appendix. The Population section details data collected on the distribution of Opportunity Youth across the county, along with their gender, ethnicity, educational attainment, household type, high school graduation and dropout rate, poverty rate, and homelessness. The Fiscal Scan section details the level of federal funding awarded to the State of Michigan, Genesee County, and Flint from 2010-2016 for services for Opportunity Youth. Federal agencies that were included are the Department of Education, Department of Housing and Urban Development, Department of Labor, Department of Justice, Department of Defense, and Department of Health and Human Services. The Appendix provides potential funding opportunities and the detailed tables by municipality on Genesee County’s Opportunity Youth Population. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Opportunity Youth are more likely to live in Flint, and be living in poverty. Disengagement impacts Flint youth and minority youth at a higher rate than white youth in Genesee County; and impacts more youth ages 20-24 than youth ages 16-19. High school graduation appears to not be enough for youth to stay engaged, while the rate of high school graduation appears to increase, the rate of disengagement has maintained or increased. Genesee County has a 6% higher rate of Opportunity Youth than the nation; it is presumed that the high concentration of poverty is one of the many causes of this statistic. The greatest predictor of the rate of Opportunity Youth appears to be poverty level, and may be an appropriate proxy to use to determine the number and rate of youth not employed or in school. Approximately 8.5% of Opportunity Youth are homeless, and half of homeless Opportunity Youth are single parents. Homelessness affects more youth ages 18-24 as compared to ages 15-17. The majority of federal funding received was for housing and education, these efforts include but do not specifically target youth ages 16-24. Compared to housing and education, little funding has been awarded to support workforce development and health and human services.

2 1. POPULATION The Coalition had collected various datasets from national, state, and local sources that were stored in a spreadsheet. That data served as a starting point for UM-Flint to dive deeper into demographic trends for Genesee County, City of Flint, and local municipalities. University Outreach worked with Chamber staff and UM-Flint faculty member Kasie Nickel-White to identify the primary sources of data and indicators that were of importance in understanding vulnerable populations, and specifically Opportunity Youth. Additional data was collected from the US Census and the State of Michigan’s Center for Educational Performance and Information (CEPI), Metro Community Development, and Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. While not available locally, national reports indicate Opportunity Youth are more likely to be high school dropouts, be homeless or at-risk of homelessness, be involved in the child welfare system, be involved with the justice system, be a parent or raising younger siblings, be a young man of color, and/or LGBTQ. (Warland, C., Applegate, D., Schnur, C., & Jones, J., 2015) Below is a listing of population data collected and sources:

Indicator Geography Year Source Youth ages 16 -24 not in National 2010 Opportunity Index school and not working State County Youth ages 16-19 not in State 2010 U.S. Census school and not working County Genesee County Municipalities Ethnicity of youth ages County 2011-2015 5-Year U.S. Census 16-19 not in school and not Genesee County Estimate working Municipalities Educational attainment of County 2011-2015 5-Year U.S. Census youth, ages 16-19, not in Genesee County Estimate school and not working Municipalities Gender of youth ages 16- County 2011-2015 5-Year U.S. Census 19 not working and not in Genesee County Estimate school Municipalities Poverty Rate by Race National 2011-2015 5-Year U.S. Census County Estimate Comparison of Poverty rate County 2011-2015 5-Year U.S. Census for individuals ages 16-24 Estimate by Race Individuals ages 16-24 at or County 2011-2015 5-Year U.S. Census below poverty line Genesee County Estimate Municipalities High School Graduation National 2015 CEPI Rate State 2013 Graduation County Cohort (6-Year Rate) Genesee County School Districts High School Dropout Rate State 2015 CEPI County 2013 Graduation Genesee County School Cohort (6-Year Rate) Districts 3 Indicator Geography Year Source Family and Non-Family County 2010 U.S. Census Households with Genesee County Householder ages 15-24 Municipalities Years old Homelessness, ages 15-24 County 2013-2015 Genesee County HMIS

4 Youth Not in School and Not Working Demographic information was collected from the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, which provides 5-year estimates 2from01 2011-2015.1 (% aThesege datasetss 16 -have24 a) margin of error that is reported in the appendix. Data from 2010 are from the U.S. Census Bureau and are reported as actual numbers.

Youth ages 16-24 not in school and not working (Opportunity Index, 2016)

Genesee County

State Nation

19.9% 13.4% 13.2%

Genesee County rate of youth not in school and not working exceeds that of the state’s and nation’s by 6%. Youth 16-19 not working and not in As of 2010, Flint proper had a total of 1,282 youth ages 16-19 who were not in school or not working, accounting for 42% of all youthsc hageso o16-19l ( Uin theS City.Ce Geneseensus County,, 20 1including0) Flint, had a total of 3,051 youth ages 16-19 who were not in school and not working, accounting for 10.3% of all 16-19 year olds in the county.

Youth ages 16-19 not in school and not working (US Census, 2010)

Flint

Genesee County Michigan

42% 10.3% 14%

When looking at the percentage of population ages 16-19, Flint youth are much more likely to be not in school and not working than youth in other parts of Genesee County. Flint has 27.6% greater Opportunity Youth population than the state and 31.7% greater than the county.

5 Unemployment rates for the entire county in 2010 were 23.4%, indicating that Opportunity Youth in Flint are nearly twice as likely to be unemployed than the county population overall, and nearly 30% more likely to be unemployed than city of Flint residents. (Michigan BLMISI, Web)

Unemployment Rates for City of Flint and Genesee County

Year City of Flint Unemployment Genesee County Rate (% Total Population) Unemployment Rate (% Total Population) 2010 23.1 14 2011 19.5 11.4 2012 17.4 10 2013 16.9 9.8 2014 13.8 7.9 2015 10.4 5.8

6 According to the Opportunity Index, sourced from U.S. Census Bureau, there are approximately 10,000 Opportunity Youth, ages 16-24, in Genesee County. For youth ages 16-19, Genesee County has a smaller population of opportunity youth (10.3%) compared to Michigan’s average of 14.4%, while Flint has an opportunity youth population of 42%. While Genesee County’s number decreased by nearly a thousand in 2012, it has been increasing back to pre-2012 numbers at around 10,000 youths in 2016.

Opportunity Youth, Genesee County, Michigan (Opportunity Index, 2016)

7 Broken down by gender, the following graph shows the number of males, ages 16-19, who are neither in school nor working. In Flint from 2013 to 2014 there were more males than females. Yet the divide is even more consistent in Genesee County with 2011 being the only year that there were more males than females. Gender of Flint Youth Gender of Flint Youth ages 16-19 not in school and not working (U.S. Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)

800

651 631 605 600 571 514 522 519

422 400 388

302

200

0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Male Female

Gender of Genesee County YouthGend ageser o 16-19f GC not Yo inu tschoolh and not working (U.S. Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)

2000 1,831

1,580 1,509 1500 1,421 1,268 1,220 1,124 1,089 1,035 1,015 1000 940 801

500

0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Male Female

8 The number of Flint residents, ages 16-24, in poverty has decreased, while the number of residents in the County overall has increased. Although roughly half of all 16-24 year olds in Flint live in poverty.

Flint youth ages 16-24 living at or below the federal poverty line (U.S. Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)

Genesee County youth ages 16-24 living at or below the federal poverty line (U.S. Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)

9 Compared to other municipalities in the county, Flint has the highest number and percentage of residents, ages 16-24, living in poverty. A north-to-south cross section of Genesee County was used for comparative purposes only. There are a total of 13,123 individuals, ages 16-24 living in poverty in Genesee County, over half, or 7,138 of these individuals live in the City of Flint. Within the City of Flint proper, youth ages 16-24 in poverty account for 44% of all individuals living in poverty in Flint. Youth Poverty - municipalities Youth ages 16-24 living at or below Poverty Level (U.S. Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)

8000

7,138

6000

4000

2000

953 484 519 552 647 185 201 233 249 18 92 97 164 165 0 Clio Flint Linden Burton Fenton Flint Twp Mt. Morris Mundy Twp Vienna Twp Fenton Twp Fenton Grand Blanc Grand Thetford Twp Thetford Genesee Twp Mt. Morris Twp Youth Poverty % - mun Blanc Twp Grand icipalities Percentage of Youth ages 16-24 living at or below Poverty Level (U.S. Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)

50

44%

40

30 26% 27% 25% 23% 23%

20 18% 16%

12% 13% 10% 11% 11% 10 8% 9%

0 Clio Flint Linden Burton Fenton Flint Twp Mt. Morris Mundy Twp Vienna Twp Fenton Twp Fenton 10 Grand Blanc Grand Thetford Twp Thetford Genesee Twp Mt. Morris Twp Grand Blanc Twp Grand Flint has the highest number opportunity youth, totaling 1,282 ages 16-19 and the highest percentage of youth in the county that are not in school nor working at 42%. Percent Youth no school no work Percent Youth ages 16-19 Not in School and Not Working (U.S. Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)

Flint 42.02% Flint Twp 5.97% Burton 5.77% Thetford Twp 4.06% Mt Morris Twp 3.7% Vienna Twp 3.11% Mundy Twp 2.92% Genesee Twp 2.62% Fenton Twp 2.62% Mt Morris 1.7% Grand Blanc Twp 1.02% Grand Blanc 0.33% Clio 0.23% Linden 0% Fenton 0% 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Number Youth no school no work Number Youth ages 16-19 Not in School and Not Working (U.S. Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)

Flint 1,282 Flint Twp 182 Burton 176 Thetford Twp 124 Mt Morris Twp 113 Vienna Twp 95 Mundy Twp 89 Genesee Twp 80 Fenton Twp 80 Mt Morris 52 Grand Blanc Twp 31 Grand Blanc 10 Clio 7 Linden 0 Fenton 0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

11 Opportunity youth ages 16-19 show that the percentage of black and Hispanic opportunity youth is higher than the population overall,Et hwhilen theic percentageity o fof whiteGC individuals Op pis lower Yo thanu theth population overall. White individuals were 54% of Opportunity Youth while 74.5% of Genesee County identifies as white, black individuals were 34% of Opportunity Youth while 20.7% of Genesee County identifies as black, and Hispanic individuals were 5% of Opportunity Youth while 3% of Genesee County identifies as Hispanic. In the City of Flint, opportunity youth, ages 16-19, are more likely to be a person of color, with 54% identifying as black, 5% as being of two or more races,1.96% and 5% Hispanic. Ethnicity 4.6%of GC Op0.15%p Youth Ethnicity of Genesee County5.3% Youth ages 16-19 Not in School and Not Working (U.S. Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)

1.96% 4.6% 0.15% 5.3%

53.72% 34.27%

34.27% 53.72%

Ethnicity of GC Opp Youth

White Black Two or More Hispanic Other White Black Two or More Hispanic Other American Indian/ Alaska native Asian American Indian/ Alaska native Asian 1.96% 4.6% 0.15% % Ethnicity of Genesee County Youth (U.S. Ethnicity of Flint City Youth ages5.3% 16-19 Not in School and Not Working Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)ages 16-19

3% 0% 5% 0% 5%

53.72% 34.27% 33%

54%

12 White Black Two or More Hispanic Other American Indian/ Alaska native Asian

White Black Two or More Hispanic Other American Indian/Alaska native Asian As the population of Flint decreases, so does the number of students not graduating high school, while the number of high school graduates appears to be leveling off. This suggests that the rate of Flint Opportunity Youth with a high school diploma is increasing. Educational Attainment Flint Youth Educational Attainment of Flint Youth ages 16-19 Not in School and Not Working (U.S. Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)

1000

811 784 800 687

600 559

471 402 392 382 400 349 288

200

0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

High School Graduate Not High School Graduate

Percent Educational% Edu Attainmentcationa ofl AFlinttta Youthinm agesen t16-19 Flin Nott Y ino Schooluth and Not Working (U.S. Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)

12.5%

11.32% 11.11%

9.88% 10% 8.67%

7.5% 6.57% 6.23% 5.93% 5.55% 5.02% 5% 4.46%

2.5%

0% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

High School Graduate 13Not High School Graduate Genesee County’s opportunity youth, ages 16-19, rate of high school graduates and non-graduates is near equal with the largest deviance in 2012 where there were more high school graduates than non- graduates. 2015 also had a slight rise in the number of high school graduates. Educational Attainment GC Youth Educational Attainment of Genesee County Youth ages 16-19 Not in School and Not Working (U.S. Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)

1750 1,635 1,538 1500 1,416 1,392 1,396

1,225 1250 1,169 1,119

985 1000 934 1,089 935

750

500

250

0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

High School Graduate Not High School Graduate % Educational Attainment GC Youth Percent Educational Attainment of Genesee County Youth ages 16-19 Not in School and Not Working (U.S. Census, 2011-2015 5-Year Estimate)

7% 6.42% 6.11% 6% 5.56% 5.59%

5.53% 5.09% 5.08% 5% 4.77%

4.64% 4.06% 4% 3.88% 3.94%

3%

2%

1%%

0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

High School Graduate 14Not High School Graduate Graduation data for 2013 show that the highest dropout rate was at the WAY Academy, which is school with open enrollment, accepting students regardless of past academic performance. Beecher, Flint, Westwood Heights and Mt. Morris school districts followed with dropout rates of 40%, 38%, 36% and 36%. The county total average for graduation rate was 52%; while the county dropout rate was 37%. Schools that have graduation rates below the State average of 81.25% are shown below as having the greatest opportunity for intervention. Graduation rate is defined as the number of first-time ninth-graders who were expected to graduate by 2013. Students are considered dropouts either from the school district they attended the most school days at or by the most recent school district they attended. Schools with greatest opportunity Graduation and Dropout Rates by District, 2013 Graduation Cohort, 6-Year Rate (Center for Educational Performance and Information, 2013)

Carman-Ainsworth Community Schools 80.33% 12.3% (25080)

Montrose Community 77.37% 13.87% Schools (25260)

Bentley Community 77.22% 21.52% School District (25230)

LakeVille Community 75.4% 19.84% School District (25280)

Clio Area School District 73.1% 24.05% (25150)

Flint, School District of 58.25% 38.28% the City of (25010)

Westwood Heights 57.59% 36.71% Schools (25210)

Bendle Public Schools 57.24% 32.32% (25060)

Beecher Community 50.9% 40.12% School District (25240)

Mt. Morris Consolidated 41.05% 36.03% Schools (25040)

WAY Academy - Flint 0% 68.42% (25915)

15 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% 125% 150%

Graduation Rate Dropout Rate The US Census defines a householder as the person in whose name the housing unit is rented or owned, this person must be at least 15 years old. A household is considered a family household when there is at least 1 person present who is related to the householder by birth, marriage or adoption. Households in Flint areF twiceam as likelyily toH haveo uthes headeh ofo a lfamilyds householdin Fli ben betweent the ages of 15 and 24 when compared to Genesee County overall. Flint has 6% of all households with a householder between 15 and 24. Genesee County had 3% comparatively. Flint and Genesee County had an equal percentage of non-family households, 5%, where the householder was between ages 15 and 24. This implies that individuals in Flint, ages 15-24 are more likely to have dependents when compared to the county as a whole. 1,587 6% Family Households (U.S. Census, 2010) Family Households in Flint Family Households in GC Family Households in Flint Family Households in Genesee County

1,587 3,758 6% 3%

23,949 94%

23,949 111,620 94% 97% Non-Family Households in Flint City

Family Households Householder 15 Ftoa 2m4 yileya rsHouseholds Householder 15 toFa m2i4ly H yoeusaerhsolds Householder 15 to 24 years 818 5% Nonfamily Households (U.S. Census, 2010) Non-Family Households in Flint City Non-Family Households in GC Non-Family Households in Flint Non-Family Households in Genesee County

818 3,250 5% 5%

16,523 95%

16,523 57,582 95% 95%

Nonfamily Households 16 Householder 15 to 24 years Nonfamily Households Householder 15 to 24 years Nonfamily Households Householder 15 to 24 years The number of homeless 15-24 years old has risen from 633 individuals or 6.9% of total opportunity youth in 2013 to 853 individuals (8.8%) in 2015. From 2013 to 2015 there was over ten times the number of female single parents who were homeless than male single parents in this same population. Homelessness affects a larger number of individuals, both male and female, ages 18-24 as compared to ages 15-17. Regardless of age, homeless women are more likely to be part of a family then men.

Genesee County HomelessGC H Singleome Parents,less Si nagesgle 15-24 Par e(Geneseents County’s Homeless Management Information System)

400

349 317 300 294

200

100

23 13 12 0 2013 2014 2015

Male 15-24 Female 15-24

GC Homeless by Age and Gender Genesee County Homeless Individuals by Age and Gender

150

140 125 112 111 113

100 99 91

75

50 37 28 28 21 21 25 17

0 2013 2014 2015

Male 15-17 Female 15-17 Male 18-24 Female 18-24

17 2. FISCAL SCAN Based on the report, Accounting for Opportunity, A Fiscal Scan for New Orleans Opportunity Youth the fiscal scan for Genesee County youth reviewed federal funding available from the following federal departments: • Department of Labor (DOL) – Workforce Development • Department of Education • Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) • Department of Justice (DOJ) • Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) The fiscal scan will allow us to answer the following questions: • What federal funds has Genesee County & Flint received from 2010-2016 for programs that serve opportunity youth? • Which funds flow through the State? • Who are the recipients? • What federal grant opportunities are available to support Opportunity Youth The primary data source for this information was USAspending.gov, a site created as a result of the Federal FundingPer Accountabilitycent F andun Transparencyding b Acty of P 2006ro (FFATA).gra mFFATA A wasre signeda into law on September 26, 2006 and requires that the American public be given access to information on organizations that receive federal funds. (U.S. Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Fiscal Service, n.d.) Additional data sources included the P3 (Performance Partnership Pilots) website and the federal funding database, www.grants.gov to determine4% funding availability and awards made in the State and our region. 4% Overall the majority of funds were from the DOJ, HUD, and Department of Education.

Percent Funding by ProgramPercen tArea Funding by Program Area

4% 4%

37% 55%

37% 55%

Justice and Housing Education Justice and Housing Education Workforce Development Health and Human Services Workforce Development Health and Human Services

18 JUSTICE AND HOUSING From 2010-2016, a total of fourteen agencies were awarded funding to provide services related to housing, emergency shelter, tracking, legal services, and counseling. Four of the agencies were awarded 89.7% of the available funds. The agencies were Flint Housing Commission, City of Flint, Metro Community Development, and Genesee County.

Justice and Housing Awards by Recipient, 2010-2016

Organization Total Amount Greater Flint Health Coalition $22,841 Young Women’s Christian Association of Greater Flint $100,000 Genesee County Youth Corporation $184,463 Kettering University $224,247 Mission Of Peace Housing Counseling $474,734 My Brother’s Keeper of Genesee County Inc $850,000 Mission of Peace-CDC $958,054 The City of Flint Police Department $1,166,409 Legal Services Of Eastern Michigan $1,599,301 Charter Township of Flint $3,908,173 County Of Genesee $14,845,955 Metro Community Development $20,508,266 City Of Flint $24,433,478 Flint Housing Commission $25,552,415

Awards were given by 23 Federal Grant Programs from 2010-2016. The majority of these funds were used for public housing assistance management and subsidies, homeless assistance and housing, and building/rehabbing of affordable housing. A total of $94,883,483 was awarded/spent from 2010-2016. A total of $983,445 was returned. The majority was related to the Homeownership Zones program which totaled $894,515.

Justice and Housing Program Awards, 2010-2016

Program Name Total Amount Connecting Kids to Coverage Outreach and Enrollment $22,841 Cooperative Agreement Basic Center Program $33,607 Family Self-Sufficiency $68,424 Resident Opportunity Support Services $69,000 Partners in Transition Program $100,000 Street Outreach Program for Runaway and Homeless $157,277 Youth Kettering University FY 14 Byrne Criminal Justice $224,247 Innovation Program: Planning and Implementation Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and $261,123 Career Training

19 Program Name Total Amount Shelter Plus Care $276,044 Supportive Housing New $322,871 Emergency Shelter Grants $451,390 New Beginnings Program $850,000 Housing Counseling $1,488,499 Sustainable Communities Challenge Grants $1,570,233 Private Enforcement $1,599,301 Emergency Solutions Grants $2,721,440 Genesee County JAG Project $3,908,173 Continuum Of Care Program $6,527,690 Urban Counties $8,792,450 Home Investment Partner Plan $10,467,865 Homeless Assistance $13,650,703 Entitled Cities $15,905,314 Perform Funding System $25,414,991

Justice and Housing Returned Funds, 2010-2016

Program Name Returned Amount Basic Center Program -$29,415 Counties Recovery -$3,759 Emergency Capital Repair -$18 Homeless Prevention and Rehousing -$27 Homeownership Zones -$894,515 Housing Counseling Assistance Grants -$55,711

HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES From 2010-2016, federal awards were made from to four agencies from four federal program. The majority of funds used were used for Health Center Clusters, which include funding for Certified Health Centers (Hamilton, Genesee Community Health Center). A total of $7,236,708 was awarded/spent from 2010-2016.

Health and Human Services, Award by Recipient

Organization Total Amount Community Based Organization Partners $43,889 Genesee County Community Mental Health Service $325,674 City Of Flint $972,106 Genesee Health System $5,895,039

20 Health and Human Services, Program Awards, 2010-2016

Program Name Total Amount Enhancing Expertise Of Community Partners To Promote $43,889 Equity In CBPR Flint ReCast $972,106 Health Infrastructure Investment Program $1,000,000 Health Center Cluster $5,220,713 EDUCATION From 2010-2016, a total of nine agencies were awarded federal grant funds. Genesee Intermediate School District received 58% of funding. EDUCATION, AWARD BY RECIPIENT, 2010-2016

Organization Total Amount University Of Michigan, Flint $24,069 City Of Flint $77,061 Swartz Creek Community School District $126,215 Mount Morris Consolidated Schools $573,624 Carman Ainsworth Community Schools $2,598,789 Genesee County Community Action Agency $3,551,837 Charles Stewart Mott College Com $9,741,607 Davison Community School District $10,044,025 Genesee Intermediate School District $37,073,034

From 2010-2016, federal awards were made from ten federal program. The majority of funds used for Head Start, and Title I. A total of $63,789,770 was awarded/spent from 2010-2016.

Education, Program Awards, 2010-2016

Program Name Total Name Scholarships For Disadvantaged Students $24,069 Entitled Cities $77,061 Earmarks $157,022 Child Care Access Means Parents In School Program $281,203 Student Support Services Program $1,613,335 Early Head Start $2,238,104 Head Start and Early Head Start $3,551,837 Upward Bound $7,690,047 Formula Grants To LEAS $11,104,549 Head Start $37,073,034

21 WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT One agency, Metro Community Development was awarded federal grant funds from 2010-2016. These came from two federal programs. The majority of funds were used for Youth Build and Financial Assistance Awards. A total of $6,948,718 was awarded/spent from 2010-2016. Workforce Development, Program Awards, 2010-2016

Program Name Total Amount Financial Assistance award $3,250,000 Youth Build $3,698,719

CONCLUSIONS & NEXT STEPS • High school graduation appears to not be enough for youth to stay engaged, while the rate of high school graduation appears to increase, the rate of disengagement has maintained or increased. However, the overall county graduation rate is drastically lower than the state’s average, building support for a strategic and concerted effort to retain students through high school graduation. • The coalition should consider targeting efforts for re-engagement for youth residing in the City of Flint and immediate surrounding areas. Those efforts should coincide with programs that are proven to help people gain financial independence and climb out of poverty. • Particularly in Flint, support for young families and young single parents are needed to accompany re-engagement in the workforce or education. There are approximately 2,000 households that could be affected. • Fundraising efforts appear to be underutilized in the areas of workforce development and health and human services, where there appears to be the greatest opportunity to support disengaged individuals with high school diplomas.

22 PROGRAM DEFINITIONS JUSTICE AND HOUSING PROGRAMS Basic Center Program FYSB’s Basic Center Program works to establish or strengthen community-based programs that meet the immediate needs of runaway and homeless youth and their families. Connecting Kids to Coverage Outreach and Enrollment Cooperative Agreement A single source emergency cooperative agreement funding opportunity available solely to the Greater Flint Health Coalition to reduce the number of children in Flint, Michigan who are eligible for Medicaid and CHIP, but are not enrolled, and improve retention of children enrolled. Continuum of Care Program The Continuum of Care (CoC) Program is designed to promote community wide commitment to the goal of ending homelessness; provide funding for efforts by nonprofit providers, and State and local governments to quickly rehouse homeless individuals and families while minimizing the trauma and dislocation caused to homeless individuals, families, and communities by homelessness; promote access to and effect utilization of mainstream programs by homeless individuals and families; and optimize self- sufficiency among individuals and families experiencing homelessness. Counties Recovery The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program is a flexible program that provides communities with resources to address a wide range of unique community development needs. Beginning in 1974, the CDBG program is one of the longest continuously run programs at HUD. The CDBG program provides annual grants on a formula basis to 1209 general units of local government and States. Emergency Capital Repair This program provides grants for substantial capital repairs to eligible multifamily projects with elderly tenants that are needed to rehabilitate, modernize, or retrofit aging structures, common areas, or individual dwelling units. The capital repair needs must relate to items that present an immediate threat to the health, safety, and quality of life of the tenants. The intent of these grants is to provide one-time assistance for emergency items that could not be absorbed within the project’s operating budget, and where the tenants’ continued occupancy in the immediate future would be called into question by a delay in initiating the proposed cure. Emergency Shelter Grants The Emergency Shelter Grants provided funds under the first allocation of FY 2011 funds and earlier fiscal years. ESG recipients and subrecipients use Emergency Shelter Grants Program funds to rehabilitate and operate emergency shelters and transitional shelters, provide essential social services, and prevent homelessness. Emergency Shelter Grants The Emergency Shelter Grants provided funds under the first allocation of FY 2011 funds and earlier fiscal years. ESG recipients and subrecipients use Emergency Shelter Grants Program funds to rehabilitate and operate emergency shelters and transitional shelters, provide essential social services, and prevent homelessness. Entitled Cities The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Entitlement Program provides annual grants on a formula basis to entitled cities and counties to develop viable urban communities by providing decent housing and a suitable living environment, and by expanding economic opportunities, principally for low- and moderate-income persons. The program is authorized under Title 1 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, Public Law 93-383, as amended; 42 U.S.C.-5301 et seq.

23 Family Self-Sufficiency FSS is a program that enables HUD-assisted families to increase their earned income and reduce their dependency on welfare assistance and rental subsidies. Genesee County JAG Project The Genesee County Prosecutor’s Office will continue to work with the Flint Police Department and the Michigan State Police in a Major Cases Bureau. Focus will be on efficient and aggressive investigation of violent crimes, including homicide, attempted homicide, felonious assault, first degree criminal sexual conduct, armed robbery, criminal child death cases, and home invasion. Home Investment Partnerships Program The HOME Investment Partnerships Program (HOME) provides formula grants to States and localities that communities use - often in partnership with local nonprofit groups - to fund a wide range of activities including building, buying, and/or rehabilitating affordable housing for rent or homeownership or providing direct rental assistance to low-income people. HOME is the largest Federal block grant to state and local governments designed exclusively to create affordable housing for low-income households. Homeless Assistance The Homeless Assistance Grants appropriations account funds two programs: the competitive Continuum of Care (CoC) program, and the Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG) block grant program. The CoC program funds proven interventions like cost-effective permanent supportive housing for chronically homeless people. The ESG block grant funds emergency shelter and adds a new focus on the cost- efficient interventions of homelessness prevention and rapid re-housing. Homelessness Prevention and Rapid Re-Housing Program The Homelessness Prevention and Rapid Re-Housing Program will provide financial assistance and services to prevent individuals and families from becoming homeless and help those who are experiencing homelessness to be quickly re-housed and stabilized. The funds under this program are intended to target individuals and families who would be homeless but for this assistance. The funds will provide for a variety of assistance, including: short-term or medium-term rental assistance and housing relocation and stabilization services, including such activities as mediation, credit counseling, security or utility deposits, utility payments, moving cost assistance, and case management. Homeownership Zones The Budget proposes $25 million for Homeownership Zones in 1999. Authorizing legislation is being forwarded concurrent with this Budget. The Homeownership Zone program enables cities to undertake large-scale, single family developments in inner city neighborhoods. Homeownership Zones reserve the majority of the new units for low- and moderate-income families, but also attract middle-income families to inner cities to help form more stable communities. In addition to increasing the supply of safe and decent housing in urban areas, the program will support new jobs in the home building industry and stimulate new investment in revitalized communities. Homeownership Zone program applicants must present a comprehensive approach toward neighborhood revitalization which will include commercial and economic development activities such as the construction or rehabilitation of business and retail centers Housing Counseling The purpose of HUD’s Housing Counseling Grant Program is to provide funds that shall be used for providing counseling and advice to tenants and homeowners, both current and prospective, with respect to property maintenance, financial management/ and literacy, and such other matters as may be appropriate to assist program clients in improving their housing conditions, meeting their financial needs, and fulfilling the responsibilities of tenancy or homeownership. Housing Counseling Assistance Grants This program provides grant funds to eligible, HUD-approved housing counseling agencies to counsel homebuyers, homeowners, and tenants under HUD programs and homeowners with conventional mortgages, Department of Veterans Affairs guaranteed loans, or Farmers Home Administration

24 mortgages. Counseling--which consists of providing information and guidance related to purchase or rental, Home Equity Conversion Mortgages, money management, budgeting, and credit counseling -- is provided to assure successful homeownership or tenancy and prevent delinquencies, defaults, foreclosures, and other losses. Kettering University FY 14 Byrne Criminal Justice Innovation Program: Planning and Implementation The Byrne Criminal Justice Innovation (BCJI) Program is a part of the Obama Administration’s larger Neighborhood Revitalization Initiative (NRI) that helps local and tribal communities develop place-based, community-oriented strategies with coordinated federal support to change neighborhoods of distress into neighborhoods of opportunity. New Beginnings Program The New Beginnings Program’s mission is to help formerly incarcerated individuals become productive members of society when they leave incarceration by giving them access to programs and resources that they need Partners in Transition Program The Federal Partners in Transition (FPT), a workgroup with representatives of several federal agencies, including the Departments of Education, Health and Human Services, and Labor, and the Social Security Administration, was formed in 2005 to support all youth, including youth with disabilities, in successfully transitioning from school to adulthood. Performance Funding System Performance Funding System seeks to - establish a level of federal operating subsidy based on the costs of well-managed public housing authorities, allow HUD to provide operating subsidies to PHAs on an equitable basis that takes account of local differences affecting public housing expenses, give PHAs maximum flexibility in allocating their financial resources to changing operating conditions, and fordaf greater certainty and ease of budget preparation for both HUD and PHAs Private Enforcement Initiative The Private Enforcement Initiative (PEI) offers a range of assistance to the nationwide network of fair housing groups. This initiative funds non-profit fair housing organizations to carry out testing and enforcement activities to prevent or eliminate discriminatory housing practices. Resident Opportunity Support Services A program for public housing residents with supportive services, resident empowerment activities, and assistance in becoming economically self-sufficient. Shelter Plus Care Provides rental assistance for homeless people with disabilities, primarily those with serious mental illness, chronic problems with alcohol and/or drugs, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and related diseases. Rental assistance grants must be matched in the aggregate by supportive services that are equal in value to the amount of rental assistance and appropriate to the needs of the population to be served. Recipients are chosen on a competitive basis nationwide. Street Outreach Program for Runaway and Homeless Youth To support the organizations and communities that work every day to put an end to youth homelessness, adolescent pregnancy and domestic violence. Supportive Housing The Supportive Housing program is designed to promote the development of supportive housing and supportive services to assist homeless persons in transitioning from homelessness, and to promote the provision of supportive housing to enable homeless persons to live as independently as possible. Grants under the Supportive Housing Program are awarded through a national competition held annually.

25 Sustainable Communities Planning Grant The Department of Housing and Urban Development’s $28 million Community Challenge Planning Grant Program fosters reform and reduces barriers to achieving affordable, economically vital, and sustainable communities. Such efforts may include amending or replacing local master plans, zoning codes, and building codes, either on a jurisdiction-wide basis or in a specific neighborhood, district, corridor, or sector to promote mixed-use development, affordable housing, the reuse of older buildings and structures for new purposes, and similar activities with the goal of promoting sustainability at the local or neighborhood level. This Program also supports the development of affordable housing through the development and adoption of inclusionary zoning ordinances and other activities to support planning implementation. The Sustainable Communities Planning Grant Program is being initiated in close coordination with the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), co-leaders with HUD in the Partnership for Sustainable Communities. Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training The U.S. Department of Labor’s Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training (TAACCCT) grant program is a major investment to increase the ability of community colleges to address the challenges of today’s workforce. Grants are designed to help workers eligible for training under the TAA for Workers program, as well as a broad range of other adults. Urban Counties The HOME Investment Partnerships Program (HOME) provides formula grants to States and localities that communities use - often in partnership with local nonprofit groups - to fund a wide range of activities including building, buying, and/or rehabilitating affordable housing for rent or homeownership or providing direct rental assistance to low-income people. HOME is the largest Federal block grant to state and local governments designed exclusively to create affordable housing for low-income households. HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES PROGRAMS Enhancing Expertise Of Community Partners To Promote Equity In CBPR The purpose of this workshop is to enhance the knowledge and skills of community organizations to engage in collaborative research with outside institutions and researchers. Drawing upon experiences of the Detroit Community-Academic Urban Research Center (URC), a longstanding community-based participatory research (CBPR) partnership, this hands-on, interactive workshop will address each of the following topics from both academic and community perspectives: benefits and challenges for communities; dimensions of participation in research; practical strategies for establishing equitable research relationships; community rights in research; and guiding principles of community-based participatory research. Flint ReCast The Flint ReCAST Program is designed to promote resilience in the Flint community by supporting youth and families, mitigating the impact of trauma, reducing behavioral health disparities and increasing the opportunities and training for Flint youth through strong community engagement strategies. The target population addressed by this project includes youth and their families impacted by various sources of distress, including the Flint Water Emergency. Health Infrastructure Investment Program The Health Infrastructure Investment Program will award funding to existing Health Center Program grantees to increase their patient capacity and to provide additional comprehensive primary and preventive health services to medically underserved populations through the alteration, renovation, expansion, or construction of a facility. Health Center Cluster The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) announced the availability of $1,500,000 for a limited competition for Florida health centers funded under section 330 of the Public Health Service Act, as amended, that were impacted by hurricanes and tropical storms of 2004 for the purpose of providing emergency funding for health-related costs incurred by health centers.Education Programs

26 Student Support Services Program (SSSP) The Student Support Services Program (SSSP) is a federally funded TRIO program serving students who are from low-income backgrounds, or who are first generation college students (from families where their parents or guardians do not have a four year college degree), or students who have a disability. Upward Bound Upward Bound provides fundamental support to participants in their preparation for college entrance. The program provides opportunities for participants to succeed in their precollege performance and ultimately in their higher education pursuits. Upward Bound serves: high school students from low-income families; and high school students from families in which neither parent holds a bachelor’s degree. The goal of Upward Bound is to increase the rate at which participants complete secondary education and enroll in and graduate from institutions of postsecondary education. Child Care Access Means Parents In School Program This program supports the participation of low-income parents in postsecondary education through the provision of campus-based child care services Formula Grants to LEAS Title I, Part A (Title I) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, as amended (ESEA) provides financial assistance to local educational agencies (LEAs) and schools with high numbers or high percentages of children from low-income families to help ensure that all children meet challenging state academic standards. Federal funds are currently allocated through four statutory formulas that are based primarily on census poverty estimates and the cost of education in each state. Scholarships For Disadvantaged Students The Scholarships for Disadvantaged Students program provides scholarships to full-time, financially needy students from disadvantaged backgrounds, who are enrolled in health professions and nursing programs. The programs makes funds available to schools of medicine, osteopathic medicine, dentistry, optometry, pharmacy, podiatric medicine, veterinary medicine, nursing, public health, chiropractic, allied health, graduate programs in behavioral and mental health practice, and programs providing training of physician assistants. Entitled Cities: The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Entitlement Program Provides annual grants on a formula basis to entitled cities and counties to develop viable urban communities by providing decent housing and a suitable living environment, and by expanding economic opportunities, principally for low- and moderate-income persons. The program is authorized under Title 1 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, Public Law 93-383, as amended; 42 U.S.C.-5301 et seq. Earmarks Non-competitive Congressionally-directed grants Early Head Start Head Start programs promote school readiness of children ages birth to five from low-income families by supporting their development in a comprehensive way. Head Start and Early Head Start programs offer a variety of service models, depending on the needs of the local community. Many Head Start and Early Head Start programs are based in centers and schools. Other programs are located in child care centers and family child care homes. Some programs offer home-based services that assigned dedicated staff who conduct weekly visits to children in their own home and work with the parent as the child’s primary teacher. Head Start and Early Head Start Head Start programs promote school readiness of children ages birth to five from low-income families by supporting their development in a comprehensive way. Head Start and Early Head Start programs offer a variety of service models, depending on the needs of the local community. Many Head Start and Early Head Start programs are based in centers and schools. Other programs are located in child care centers

27 and family child care homes. Some programs offer home-based services that assigned dedicated staff who conduct weekly visits to children in their own home and work with the parent as the child’s primary teacher. Head Start Head Start programs promote school readiness of children ages birth to five from low-income families by supporting their development in a comprehensive way. Head Start and Early Head Start programs offer a variety of service models, depending on the needs of the local community. Many Head Start and Early Head Start programs are based in centers and schools. Other programs are located in child care centers and family child care homes. Some programs offer home-based services that assigned dedicated staff who conduct weekly visits to children in their own home and work with the parent as the child’s primary teacher. WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS Youth Build At YouthBuild programs in the United States and across the globe, low-income young people learn construction skills through building affordable housing for homeless and low-income people in their neighborhoods and other community assets such as schools, playgrounds, and community centers. Financial Assistance award a. For grants and cooperative agreements, Federal financial assistance means assistance that non- Federal entities receive or administer in the form of: grants, cooperative agreements, Non-cash contributions or donations of property (including donated surplus property), Direct appropriations, Food commodities, Other financial assistance (except assistance listed in paragraph (b) of this section), For Subpart F—Audit Requirements of the OMB Uniform Grant Guidance, Federal financial assistance also includes assistance that non-Federal entities receive or administer in the form of: loan, loan guarantees, interest subsidies, insurance; Federal financial assistance does not include amounts received as reimbursement for services rendered to individuals as described in § 200.502 Basis for determining Federal awards expended, paragraph (h) and (i) of the OMB Uniform Grant Guidance.

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