The Indians of IMPORTANT DATES: Santa Barbara Structure and Legacy 1542 Santa Barbara Channel is discovered by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo. The Indians residing in the Santa Barbara ARCHITECTURE: 1602 Sebastián Vizcaíno named the new area were Chumash, or Canalino. They In laying out the design of the church, Father Antonio Ripoll channel--- Canal de Santa Barbara. were a hunting, fishing, and gathering society. Between the years of 1786-1846, consulted at length and drew freely from Vetruvius‘ book on 1769 Portola Expedition camped in Santa Barbara en 4,715 Chumash Indians became architecture, written in the time of Caesar Augustus, about 25 B.C. What you witness today in this building is 2000 years of route to Monterey. Spain ruled over California Christians. Many are buried in the Mission cemetery. architectural design beginning in , taken over by Rome, until 1821. passed along to Spain, and ending up in California. The facade of the Mission church was also taken from this classic work. The 1782 El Presidio of Santa Bárbara was founded by AGRICULTURE AND WATER SYSTEMS: architectural manual was translated from Latin into Spanish and Governor Felipe de Neve. Saint Junípero Serra is preserved in the historic Mission Archive Library to this day. The architectural style of the Mission combines elements of raised the cross. The introduced Agriculture to the Chumash, primarily growing wheat, barley, corn, Greek, Roman, Spanish, moorish, and native influences. The result 1786 Mission Santa Barbara Founded by Fr. Fermín beans, and peas. Livestock at the Mission consisted of cattle, is a testimony to the blending of the imaginative abilities of the Spaniards and the advanced skills of the Chumash. Lasuén. 10th of the 21 Missions in California. sheep, goats, pigs, mules, and horses. Mission Santa Barbara was initially provided with 80 head of cattle, 87 goats, 32 1808 The original fountain outside the Mission was built. horses, and 9 mules. Through care and tending, these MISSION BELLS AND MUSIC: 1820 The restored Mission church (the church you see numbers increased. By 1803 there were 11,221 sheep, by The ancient bells of Mission Santa 1809, 5,200 head of cattle, by 1812, 250 pigs, by 1813, 2,300 today) was dedicated after the earthquake of 1812. Barbara welcomed Spanish and Mexican horses, by 1822, 250 goats, and by 1823, 340 mules. governors, royalty and Presidents, and acted 1822 Mexico ruled over California until 1848, when the Irrigation was also vital to raising crops and sustaining as a call of welcome to the faithful for United States gained control by the Treaty of life at the Mission. The water supply system began with services. They tolled in mourning when the impounding of the water run-off from the mountains the first Chumash Indian was laid to rest in Guadalupe Hidalgo. between two dams: Indian dam, about three miles from the 1787 and they tolled again when the last 1835 The Mission was secularized by the Mexican Mission, and the Rattlesnake Canyon dam. The waters were to be buried here, Tomás Ignacio Aquino, then brought by stone aqueducts to the Mission. One passed away in 1952. There are six massive bells in the towers of government. Most Missions were sold off or shut aqueduct carried water to the gardens to the southeast, the Mission. Some were made in Lima, Peru and others were cast down. The Friars were permitted to stay at Mission another large aqueduct bore water to the orchard. A small in Mexico. Each bell is dedicated to a Saint and each bears the aqueduct that still remains, in part, conducted water to the Santa Barbara, becoming the only Mission to inscription of the cross. These bells have announced joyful and fountain and laundry. The American Society of Civil sorrowful events for over 200 years. In the Mission days they maintain a Franciscan presence since its founding. Engineers recently gave an award to the Mission, summoned the Indians to gather for Church, to begin work or to recognizing its water system as an engineering achievment. 1842 The first Bishop of California arrived and took up retire for the day. The Mission is also well-known for the music it has preserved from the days of the Indian band and choir, residency at Mission Santa Barbara. TRADES AND RECREATION: directed by Father Narcisco Duran. In order to train the Indians 1856 The Mission becomes an Apostolic College, a to sing polyphony, Father Duran wrote the notes for the different It is estimated that some 50 trades were taught at the voices in different colors. Musical arrangements were transcribed training center for Franciscans, and a Boys College. Mission such as farming and care for cattle, shoe-making, into large choral books, big enough for the community to read saddle-making, carpentry, blacksmithing, tile work, when displayed from the altar. 1870 The present two-story Friary, seen today, stonecutting, spinning and weaving, and the production was completed. of soap, candles, and charcoal. The Indians also enjoyed JUNÍPERO SERRA AND BISHOP GARCÍA DIEGO: painting and carving. One of the most notable pieces of 1876 The Mission Archive Library, still active today, was Chumash art still resides in the Mission museum: the Father Junípero Serra founded the first nine Missions of established. original Chumash tabernacle. Wood working was also one California, a man of unusual energy and unwavering fidelity to 1903 The Franciscan Theological Seminary was started. of the many crafts which the Indians learned. Chumash art duty. He was a zealous defender and loving father of the Indians and carving is represented throughout the Mission; the he served. He died and is buried at Mission Carmel, having been 1915 The first Pastor of Parish was styles are recreated along door frames and walls. a priest for 46 years. In 2015, he was canonized a saint by Pope appointed. The Indians were also given time to visit their native Francis. He is known for these words, shared close to his death: villages, to go fishing, to walk along the beach, or to go into We must always go forward and never turn back. 1927 Rededication of the restored church took place the mountains. During their free time at the Mission they This Mission is distinguished among the California after the significant damage from the earthquake could divert themselves with music, dancing, and games. Missions as a renowned cultural center and possesses the most One account described a lively ball game in which 200 to extensive mission archives. It was California‘s first . The of 1925. 300 chumash men and women participated. first Bishop of California, Father Francisco García Diego y Moreno, OFM, is buried in the underground crypt of the Church.

THE FOUNDING THEN.... FF Padre Junípero Serra intended to establish Mission Santa Barbara on April 21, 1782, when the Presidio of Santa Barbara TO NOW... QUEEN was founded, but the Spanish Governor, Felipe de Neve, would not agree. The real founding did not take place until December OF THE MISSIONS 4, 1786, by Father Fermín Francisco de Lasuén, after Father Serra had passed away. Other prominent Franciscans at the Mission were Antonio Paterna: the first Mission director, Antonio Ripoll: director of the construction of the Mission Church, and Narcisco Duran: music composer, whose songs were played by the Indian Band and sung by the Indian choir. The early buildings were erected in log cabin style, the cracks between the logs filled with mud and stones. These buildings consisted of a chapel, a kitchen, a room to store grain, and living quarters. The buildings which were put up later were constructed of adobe and stone. The Mission today continues to function as a chief cultural and THE CHURCH historic landmark for the city of Santa Barbara. A living Mission, still Three adobe churches were built at Mission Santa Barbara, active in the greater community. each larger than the next. The present church was planned after the destruction of the third church in an earthquake in 1812. It was finished and dedicated in 1820. The church you see today was built of native sandstone. Home to... The nave, or body of the church, is 162.5 feet long and 27.5 THE STORY OF feet wide. The long, narrow design conformed to the height of • A community of Franciscan Friars the trees that could be used for the roof; it also was selected to withstand earthquakes. The sandstone walls are 6 feet thick, • The Franciscan Novitiate Program MISSION supported by massive butresses of stone. The 40 foot wooden beams that support the roof were transported from the Channel • Saint Barbara Parish Islands or shipped from Monterey, since the Santa Barbara area • The Mission Archive Library SANTA did not have such timber. The statues on the altar were fashioned in Spain and Mexico, carved in wood, coated with geso, and polychromed. In the Community Engagement... center is Saint Bárbara, patroness of the Mission, brought here BARBARA in 1793. The other statues in clockwise order: Saint Joseph, Saint Dominic, Saint Francis, and the Immaculate Conception. • Faith Formation Programs • Research and preservation efforts 10TH OF THE 21 MISSIONS through the Archive Library THE BUILDINGS AND CEMETERY FOUNDED BY THE • Event Rentals: Meetings, Early buildings surrounding the church were the Padres SPANISH FRANCISCANS quarters, a reception room, kitchens, and work areas. The Receptions, Corporate Events Sacred Garden seen today once housed a corral, granary, kilns, and tanner. The Indian village was made up of 252 houses • Annual Fiesta Celebrations which the Indians built for themselves of adobe, with large • Happy Hour Community FOUNDED DECEMBER 4TH, 1786 timber rafters and tile roofs. This village stood where the parking lot is today. The Indian Laundry, or Lavendería, still Gatherings and Events BY FATHER FERMÍN LASUÉN, resides outside the Mission. The original fountain in front of the • Friend of the Mission Membership SUCCESSOR TO SAINT mission was built in 1808. The Mission cemetery was laid out in 1789. 4,000 Chumash JUNÍPERO SERRA. are buried in it. The last Indian to be laid to rest was Tomás OLD MISSION SANTA BARBARA Ignacio Aquino in 1952. The burial tombs and mausoleum also 2201 LAGUNA STREET house the prominent Spanish families of Santa Barbara and the Friars. , the Lone Woman of San Nicolas Island, was SANTA BARBARA, CA 93105 WWW.SANTABARBARAMISSION.ORG also buried there in 1853. WWW.SANTABARBARAMISSION.ORG