Perspective of Rajayoga in Its Application to Mental Health
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Universals : Studies in Indian Logic and Linguistics / J
UNIVERSALS Frits Staal UNIVERSALS Studies in Indian Logic and Linguistics The University of Chicago Press Chicago and London FRITS STAAL is professor of philosophy and South Asian languages at the University of California, Berkeley. THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, CHICAGO 60637 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, LTD., LONDON © 1988 by Frits Staal All rights reserved. Published 1988 Printed in the United States of America 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Staal, Frits. Universals : studies in Indian logic and linguistics / J. Frits Staal. p. cm. Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Hindu logic. 2. Language and logic. 3. Universals (Philosophy) I. Title. BC25.S76 1988 87-23187 160'.954—dcl9 CIP ISBN 0-226-76999-2 (cloth); 0-226-77000-1 (paper) Contents Preface vii Introduction 1 1. Universals, Shadowy and Substantial 1 2. The Evidence from Indian Logic 12 3. The Evidence from Indian Linguistics 29 4. Seven Reviews 35 5. Conclusions 36 Bibliography 51 PART i INDIAN LOGIC 1. Correlations between Language and Logic in Indian Thought. 59 Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 23 (1960): 109-22 2. Formal Structures in Indian Logic. 73 Synthese: An International Quarterly for the Logical arid Psychological Study of the Foundations of Science 12 (1960): 279-86 3. Means of Formalization in Indian and Western Logic. 81 Proceedings of the XHth International Congress of Philosophy, Florence 10 (1960): 221-27 4. The Theory of Definition in Indian Logic. 88 Journal of the American Oriental Society 81 (1961): 122-26 5. -
Impact of Pranayama, Hatha Yoga, and Raja Yoga Meditation on Executive Function and Metacognitive Regulation
ISSN: 2455-2631 © November 2020 IJSDR | Volume 5 Issue 11 Impact of Pranayama, Hatha Yoga, and Raja Yoga Meditation on Executive Function and Metacognitive Regulation 1Susmita Patra, 2Dr. Ishita Chatterjee, 1Debolina Dasgupta 1Outgoing Post Graduate Student, 2Associate Professor Department of Applied Psychology, University Of Calcutta, Kolkata, India Abstract: The present investigation studies the effects of Pranayama, Hatha yoga and Raja yoga meditation on Executive Function and Metacognitive regulation. A sample of 60 students was selected for the study. They were randomly allotted to one of three yoga groups (pranayama, hatha yoga, raja yoga meditation) of 20 members. The working memory, inhibitory control and metacognitive regulation were measured by WAIS-IV working memory subtest, Stroop test and metacognitive awareness inventory (MAI) respectively. The pre-training test scores were collected following which they were provided yoga training for 30 days. Tests were again conducted at the 10-day point and at the end of training after 30 days. Findings revealed that all the three types of yogic patterns lead to an increase in Executive function and Metacognitive regulation. The length of training also affected the test scores. Longer the training, better were the scores on all three tests. The interaction effect of yoga type and length of training was only significant for metacognitive regulation. Index terms: Pranayama, hatha yoga, raja yoga meditation, executive function, metacognitive regulation. I. Introduction: ‘Yoga’, the connection of the Supreme Being with the living, is an orthodox school of Indian philosophy. In India, yoga is not only a form of physical exercise, but also a spiritual practice and a way of living. -
Philosophy in Classical India the Proper Work of Reason
Philosophy in Classical India The proper work of reason Jonardon Ganeri London and New York 2Rationality, emptiness and the objective view 2.1 THOUGHT AND REALITY Is reality accessible to thought? Could it not be that there are limits on our cognitive capacities, and the way the world is, whatever that might be, is something beyond our powers of understanding? What there is in the world might extend beyond what we, in virtue of our natural cognitive endowment, have the capacity to form a conception of. The thesis is a radical form of scepticism. It is a scepticism about what we can conceive rather than about what we can know. Nagarjuna (c. AD 150), founder of the Madhyamaka school of Indian Buddhism, is a radical sceptic of this sort. Indeed, he is still more radical. His thesis is not merely that there may be aspects of reality beyond the reach of conception, but that thought entirely fails to reach reality. If there is a world, it is a world about which we can form no adequate conception. Moreover, since language expresses thought, it is a world about which we cannot speak. Where the reach of thought turns back, language turns back. The nature of things (dharmata) is, like nirvana, without origin and without decay. (MK 18.7) Not dependent on another, calm, not conceptualised by conception, not mentally constructed, not diverse – this is the mark of reality (tattva). (MK 18.9) This indeed is for Nagarjuna the true meaning of the Buddha’s teachings, a meaning so disruptive to common reason that the Buddha was reluctant to spell it out. -
Effect of Raja Yoga Meditation on the Distress and Anxiety Levels of Women with Breast Cancer
religions Article Effect of Raja Yoga Meditation on the Distress and Anxiety Levels of Women with Breast Cancer Raquel Vilanova Araújo 1,*, Ana Fátima Carvalho Fernandes 2, Regina Célia Vilanova Campelo 3, Renan Alves Silva 4 and Inez Sampaio Nery 1 1 Department of Nursing, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; [email protected] 2 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil; [email protected] 3 Department of Health Science, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São João dos Patos 65665-959, MA, Brazil; [email protected] 4 Department of Health Science, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus 29075-910, ES, Brazil; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effect of Raja yoga meditation on the level of distress and anxiety in women with breast cancer. Method: A randomized, controlled, clinical trial was carried out in a specialized center between February and December 2019. The patients in the intervention group (n = 25) participated in four group meditation sessions for one month, and the participants in the control group (n = 25) were exposed to an educational activity for the same period and frequency. Cohen’s d was used to evaluate the effect size. Results: A significant reduction in the level of distress and anxiety was found in the intervention group (p < 0.001). The effect of meditation was average Citation: Araújo, Raquel Vilanova, Ana Fátima Carvalho Fernandes, in reducing distress, anxiety, depression, and vital signs. There was also an average effect on the Regina Célia Vilanova Campelo, increase in saturation of peripheral oxygen (SPO2). -
What Is Causal Body (Karana Sarira)?
VEDANTA CONCEPTS Sarada Cottage Cedar Rapids July 9, 2017 Peace Chanting (ShAnti PAtha) Sanskrit Transliteration Meaning ॐ गु셁땍यो नमः हरी ओम ्। Om Gurubhyo Namah Hari Om | Salutations to the Guru. सह नाववतु । Saha Nau-Avatu | May God Protect us Both, सह नौ भुन啍तु । Saha Nau Bhunaktu | May God Nourish us Both, सह वीयं करवावहै । Saha Viiryam Karavaavahai| May we Work Together तेजस्वव नावधीतमवतु मा Tejasvi Nau-Adhiitam-Astu Maa with Energy and Vigour, वव饍ववषावहै । Vidvissaavahai | May our Study be ॐ शास््तः शास््तः शास््तः । Om Shaantih Shaantih Enlightening and not give हरी ओम ्॥ Shaantih | Hari Om || rise to Hostility Om, Peace, Peace, Peace. Salutations to the Lord. Our Quest Goal: Eternal Happiness End of All Sufferings Transcending Birth & Death Problem: Fleeting Happiness Endless Suffering Cycle of Birth & Death 3 Vedanta - Introduction Definition: Veda = Knowledge, Anta = End End of Vedas Culmination or Essence of Vedas Leads to God (Truth) Realization Truth: Never changes; beyond Time-Space-Causation Is One Is Beneficial Transforms us Leads from Truth Speaking-> Truth Seeking-> Truth Seeing 4 Vedantic Solution To Our Quest Our Quest: Vedantic Solution: Goal: Cause of Problem: Ignorance (avidyA) of our Real Eternal Happiness Nature End of All Sufferings Attachment (ragah, sangah) to fleeting Objects & Relations Transcending Birth & Death Problem: Remedy: Fleeting Happiness Intense Spiritual Practice (sadhana) Endless Suffering Liberation (mukti/moksha) Cycle of Birth & Death IdentificationIdentification && -
Rejuvenating Life Through Spirituality: Role of Rajyoga
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY FIELD ISSN – 2455-0620 Volume - 3, Issue - 8, Aug - 2017 Rejuvenating Life through Spirituality: Role of Rajyoga Deepa Karmakar1 , Barasha Devi2, Dr. Bhabananda Deb Nath3 1 & 2 M. Com. 4th Semester,B. H. College, Howly, India 3Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Accountancy, B. H. College, Howly, India Email - [email protected] Abstract: Research reveals that, about 80 percent of human bodily diseases are due to the psycho-somatic reasons. Because, quality of thoughts determines our state of mind and that carries multiple effects on our mind, body, relationship, performance etc. and keeps a permanent record in our mind, and in spiritual language called creates ‘Karmic Account’. Thus, keeping right thoughts (i.e. positive & necessary thoughts) heals our mind and when positive energy radiate through the body, it rejuvenate our life. Rajyoga Meditation is the highest form of meditation, where Soul in a deep sense of remembrance connect with the Supreme Soul (Paramatma) and receive all His blessing and divine quality. Rajyog is based on Gita Gyan (i.e. on the knowledge & philosophy of Srimadbhagavadgita), which strengthen human souls for practicing its knowledge to empower the Souls. The paper has attempted to highlight the importance Gita Gyan in present day context and the role of Rajyoga Meditation followed by Brahmakumaries for Stress-free, Happy & Peaceful Living. Key Words: Happy, Life, Meditation, Peace, Rajyoga, Spirituality, Stress-free. Gurubrahmaa guruvishnurgururdevo maheshwarah; Guruh saakshaat param brahma tasmai shree gurave namah. Guru is the creator (Brahma); Guru is the preserver (Vishnu); Guru is the destroyer (Maheshvara); Guru is verily the Supreme Absolute. -
Different Paths of Yoga: an Overview Dr
1 Overview Article International Journal of Science and Consciousness Access online at: www.ijsc.net March 2017, 3(1), 1-5 Different Paths of Yoga: An Overview Dr. Ajay Bhardwaj Sr. Asst. Professor, Dept of Communication, DSVV, Haridwar, India Abstract Yoga is the union of the individual soul with the supreme soul. Yoga is a practical path to self-realization, a means of attaining enlightenment by purifying the entire being. Yoga is the science that teaches us the method of uniting the individual soul with the Universal soul, of merging the individual will in the cosmic will; of experiencing our oneness with the divine consciousness. We have the description of the aim of yoga in almost all the holy books. Almost all the scriptures have declared that self – realization is the supreme aim of human life and this can be attained only by the constant practice of yoga. The different paths of yoga whether they be karma yoga, bhakti yoga, jnana yoga or raja yoga, they pave the way for the lifting up of human consciousness to a higher and nobler realm of light, love and life with divine harmony and joy. Key words: Self-realization, Individual soul, Supreme soul, Consciousness, Paths of yoga Article Received: 16-03-2017, Accepted: 30-03-2017, Published: 31-03-2017 Conflict of interest: None declared *Corresponding Author: Dr. Ajay Bhardwaj, Sr. Asst. Professor, Dept of Communication, DSVV, Haridwar, India E-mail: [email protected] International Journal of Science and Consciousness (IJSC): a Bio-Psycho-Spiritual approach Published by the Research Foundation for Science & Consciousness, Uttarakhand, India Copyright IJSC 2017 | March 2017 | Vol. -
Dhyana in Hinduism
Dhyana in Hinduism Dhyana (IAST: Dhyāna) in Hinduism means contemplation and meditation.[1] Dhyana is taken up in Yoga exercises, and is a means to samadhi and self- knowledge.[2] The various concepts of dhyana and its practice originated in the Vedic era of Hinduism, and the practice has been influential within the diverse traditions of Hinduism.[3][4] It is, in Hinduism, a part of a self-directed awareness and unifying Yoga process by which the yogi realizes Self (Atman, soul), one's relationship with other living beings, and Ultimate Reality.[3][5][6] Dhyana is also found in other Indian religions such as Buddhism and Jainism. These developed along with dhyana in Hinduism, partly independently, partly influencing each other.[1] The term Dhyana appears in Aranyaka and Brahmana layers of the Vedas but with unclear meaning, while in the early Upanishads it appears in the sense of "contemplation, meditation" and an important part of self-knowledge process.[3][7] It is described in numerous Upanishads of Hinduism,[8] and in Patanjali's Yogasutras - a key text of the Yoga school of Hindu philosophy.[9][10] A statue of a meditating man (Jammu and Kashmir, India). Contents Etymology and meaning Origins Discussion in Hindu texts Vedas and Upanishads Brahma Sutras Dharma Sutras Bhagavad Gita The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali Dharana Dhyana Samadhi Samyama Samapattih Comparison of Dhyana in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism Related concept: Upasana See also Notes References Sources Published sources Web-sources Further reading External links Etymology -
Chakras 5 Classes
Chakras 5 Classes Swami Kriyananda gave a talk series called “Yoga as a Way of Life” at the Spiritual Renewal Week Retreat in 1983. This collection of talks is a comprehensive study of the chakras with guided visualizations in several classes. He explained at the beginning of the week that he intended to address Yoga as a Way of Life in relation to the chakras. Crystal Clarity Audio Books by Kriyananda and Other Authors Contains all the books read by Swami from Crystal Clarity Publishers A Place Called Ananda Affirmations for Self-Healing – Swami Kriyananda Ananda Yoga - Swami Kriyananda Autobiography of a Yogi - Swami Kriyananda Chakras For Starters – Nayaswami Savitri Faith is My Armor – Nayaswami Devi Good Morning! – Swami Kriyananda How to Meditate – Nayaswami Jyotish Meditation for Starters - Swami Kriyananda Meditations to Awaken Superconsciousness - Swami Kriyananda Metaphysical Meditations – Swami Kriyananda Money Magnetism - Swami Kriyananda Revelations of Christ - Swami Kriyananda The Art of Supportive Leadership - Swami Kriyananda The Bird of Time - Swami Kriyananda The Essence of Self-Realization - Swami Kriyananda The Essence of the Bhagavad Gita - Swami Kriyananda The Path - Swami Kriyananda The Rubiayat of Omar Khayyam Explained Thou Art With Me – Mary Kretzmann Whispers from Eternity – Swami Kriyananda Crystal Clarity Publishers Music The professionally mastered and most recent albums by Kriyananda offered by Crystal Clarity Publishers. All the World is My Friend – Music by Swami Kriyananda with Ananda Musicians An Evening -
Astrology Raja Yoga Combinations ABSTRACT
Research Paper Volume : 5 | Issue : 2 | February 2016 • ISSN No 2277 - 8179 Astrology KEYWORDS : Maharajayogas, Akhan- Raja Yoga Combinations dasambrajya Yoga, Kendra Trikon Raj Yoga,DharmaKarmadhipathiyoga, Sreena- tha Yoga, Neechabangaraja Yoga, Adhiyo- ga, Mahapurusha Yoga,Vipareetharajayoga S.Rajasekhar Research Scholar-Astrology, PRIST University Dr.P A Subramanian PhD(San), PhD(Astro)- Prof.HOD-Sanskrit & Astrology, PRIST University, Thanjavur. ABSTRACT :- Raja Yoga means royal union. It is formed by association of planets and the houses they rule. Raja Yoga is formed by a planet of a Kendra house together with a planet of a triconal house.The Kendra houses (1,4,7,10) are the houses of manifestation and the triconal, houses (1,5,9) are the houses of purpose of dharma. The first house serve as both. When planets are combined with both action and purpose, Raja Yoga will manifest. Raja Yoga means royal union. It is formed by association of plan- Birth chart of MahathmaGandi ets and the houses they rule. Raja Yoga is formed by a planet of a Kendra house together with a planet of a triconal house.The Guru Kendra houses (1,4,7,10) are the houses of manifestation and the Chandra triconal, houses (1,5,9) are the houses of purpose of dharma. The Rahu first house serve as both. When planets are combined with both Grahanila/ action and purpose, Raja Yoga will manifest. Kethu Amsakam Lag Types of Raja Yogas Suk 1) Kendra Trikon Raj Yoga Sani Kuj When lagna lord has a relation with lord of Kendra or trik- Budha ens, then this is known as kendra-Triken Raj Yoga. -
An Introduction to the ORIGINAL System of Raja Yoga
An introduction To the ORIGINAL system of Raja Yoga from the writings of H. P. Blavatsky Definition "Yoga (Sk.). (1) One of the six Darshanas or schools of India; a school of philosophy founded by Patanjali, though the real Yoga doctrine, the one that is said to have helped to prepare the world for the preaching of Buddha, is attributed with good reasons to the more ancient sage Yajnawalkya, the writer of the Shatapatha Brahmana, of Yajur Veda, the Brihad Aranyaka, and other famous works. (2) The practice of meditation as a means of leading to spiritual liberation. Psycho-spiritual powers are obtained thereby, and induced ecstatic states lead to the clear and correct perception of the eternal truths, in both the visible and invisible universe." Entry for "Yoga in "The Theosophical Glossary" p. 380-381 "Raja-Yoga (Sk.). The true system of developing psychic and spiritual powers and union with one's Higher Self - or the Supreme Spirit, as the profane express it. The exercise, regulation and concentration of thought. Raja-Yoga is opposed to Hatha-Yoga, the physical or psycho-physiological training in asceticism." Entry for "Raja Yoga" in "The Theosophical Glossary" p. 275 Raja Yoga and its Theosophical keys "Read Patanjali's Yoga Philosophy; but with caution, for it is very apt to mislead, being written in symbolic language." "Correspondence", Lucifer Magazine, April 1888 “The Occult claim that there are seven senses in man, as in nature, as there are seven states of consciousness, is corroborated in… Anugita chapter vii., on Pratyahara (the restraint and regulation of the senses…)” (cf dangers of Pranayama, restraining the "vital winds" or breath.) "The Secret Doctrine" i 95-96 1 the educational role of Theosophical reform “[society] comprises two distinct parties, one, that of the free-thinkers, all-denying, sceptical, and wholly materialistic… the “modern school of thought”; the other, orthodox, bigoted, full of the unreasoning superstitions of the Brahmanical schools… a few honourable exceptions. -
Effectiveness of Raja Yoga Meditation on Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Females with Premenstrual Syndrome
DOI Number: 10.5958/2320-608X.2019.00020.9 Effectiveness of Raja Yoga Meditation on Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Females with Premenstrual Syndrome Eda Syamala1, Priya Roy,2 Kumar Sai Sailesh,3 Jabir P K4, Madhusudhan U5, Mukkadan JK5 1Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Patnam Mahender Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Telangana, India, 2Associate Professor, KIMS, Karad, Maharashtra, India, 3Assistant Professor & HOD (I/C), Department of Physiology, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh 4Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Vishnu Dental College, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India, 5Research Director, Little Medical Research Centre, Angamaly, Kerala, India ABSTRACT The current study was undertaken to observe the effectiveness of Raja Yoga Meditation on depression, anxiety and stress in females with premenstrual syndrome. In the present study, a total of 8 participants were recruited and the participants served as self-controls. After recording the baseline values in premenstrual period (7 days before menstruation) of menstrual cycle, participants were trained Raja yoga meditation for a week days and then they have practiced for once in a day for six days in a week for 8 weeks under the supervision of a trainer. Post-intervention values were recorded after 8 weeks during premenstrual period. The following criteria were used in the selection of the participants. Results were presented in table no 1 and 2. Table no 1 present’s demographic data of the participants and table no 2 present’s depression, anxiety and stress scores before and after the intervention. There was a significant decrease in the scores of depression, anxiety and stress followed by the meditation (P<0.05).