An Introduction to the ORIGINAL System of Raja Yoga
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Impact of Pranayama, Hatha Yoga, and Raja Yoga Meditation on Executive Function and Metacognitive Regulation
ISSN: 2455-2631 © November 2020 IJSDR | Volume 5 Issue 11 Impact of Pranayama, Hatha Yoga, and Raja Yoga Meditation on Executive Function and Metacognitive Regulation 1Susmita Patra, 2Dr. Ishita Chatterjee, 1Debolina Dasgupta 1Outgoing Post Graduate Student, 2Associate Professor Department of Applied Psychology, University Of Calcutta, Kolkata, India Abstract: The present investigation studies the effects of Pranayama, Hatha yoga and Raja yoga meditation on Executive Function and Metacognitive regulation. A sample of 60 students was selected for the study. They were randomly allotted to one of three yoga groups (pranayama, hatha yoga, raja yoga meditation) of 20 members. The working memory, inhibitory control and metacognitive regulation were measured by WAIS-IV working memory subtest, Stroop test and metacognitive awareness inventory (MAI) respectively. The pre-training test scores were collected following which they were provided yoga training for 30 days. Tests were again conducted at the 10-day point and at the end of training after 30 days. Findings revealed that all the three types of yogic patterns lead to an increase in Executive function and Metacognitive regulation. The length of training also affected the test scores. Longer the training, better were the scores on all three tests. The interaction effect of yoga type and length of training was only significant for metacognitive regulation. Index terms: Pranayama, hatha yoga, raja yoga meditation, executive function, metacognitive regulation. I. Introduction: ‘Yoga’, the connection of the Supreme Being with the living, is an orthodox school of Indian philosophy. In India, yoga is not only a form of physical exercise, but also a spiritual practice and a way of living. -
What Is Causal Body (Karana Sarira)?
VEDANTA CONCEPTS Sarada Cottage Cedar Rapids July 9, 2017 Peace Chanting (ShAnti PAtha) Sanskrit Transliteration Meaning ॐ गु셁땍यो नमः हरी ओम ्। Om Gurubhyo Namah Hari Om | Salutations to the Guru. सह नाववतु । Saha Nau-Avatu | May God Protect us Both, सह नौ भुन啍तु । Saha Nau Bhunaktu | May God Nourish us Both, सह वीयं करवावहै । Saha Viiryam Karavaavahai| May we Work Together तेजस्वव नावधीतमवतु मा Tejasvi Nau-Adhiitam-Astu Maa with Energy and Vigour, वव饍ववषावहै । Vidvissaavahai | May our Study be ॐ शास््तः शास््तः शास््तः । Om Shaantih Shaantih Enlightening and not give हरी ओम ्॥ Shaantih | Hari Om || rise to Hostility Om, Peace, Peace, Peace. Salutations to the Lord. Our Quest Goal: Eternal Happiness End of All Sufferings Transcending Birth & Death Problem: Fleeting Happiness Endless Suffering Cycle of Birth & Death 3 Vedanta - Introduction Definition: Veda = Knowledge, Anta = End End of Vedas Culmination or Essence of Vedas Leads to God (Truth) Realization Truth: Never changes; beyond Time-Space-Causation Is One Is Beneficial Transforms us Leads from Truth Speaking-> Truth Seeking-> Truth Seeing 4 Vedantic Solution To Our Quest Our Quest: Vedantic Solution: Goal: Cause of Problem: Ignorance (avidyA) of our Real Eternal Happiness Nature End of All Sufferings Attachment (ragah, sangah) to fleeting Objects & Relations Transcending Birth & Death Problem: Remedy: Fleeting Happiness Intense Spiritual Practice (sadhana) Endless Suffering Liberation (mukti/moksha) Cycle of Birth & Death IdentificationIdentification && -
Rejuvenating Life Through Spirituality: Role of Rajyoga
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY FIELD ISSN – 2455-0620 Volume - 3, Issue - 8, Aug - 2017 Rejuvenating Life through Spirituality: Role of Rajyoga Deepa Karmakar1 , Barasha Devi2, Dr. Bhabananda Deb Nath3 1 & 2 M. Com. 4th Semester,B. H. College, Howly, India 3Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Accountancy, B. H. College, Howly, India Email - [email protected] Abstract: Research reveals that, about 80 percent of human bodily diseases are due to the psycho-somatic reasons. Because, quality of thoughts determines our state of mind and that carries multiple effects on our mind, body, relationship, performance etc. and keeps a permanent record in our mind, and in spiritual language called creates ‘Karmic Account’. Thus, keeping right thoughts (i.e. positive & necessary thoughts) heals our mind and when positive energy radiate through the body, it rejuvenate our life. Rajyoga Meditation is the highest form of meditation, where Soul in a deep sense of remembrance connect with the Supreme Soul (Paramatma) and receive all His blessing and divine quality. Rajyog is based on Gita Gyan (i.e. on the knowledge & philosophy of Srimadbhagavadgita), which strengthen human souls for practicing its knowledge to empower the Souls. The paper has attempted to highlight the importance Gita Gyan in present day context and the role of Rajyoga Meditation followed by Brahmakumaries for Stress-free, Happy & Peaceful Living. Key Words: Happy, Life, Meditation, Peace, Rajyoga, Spirituality, Stress-free. Gurubrahmaa guruvishnurgururdevo maheshwarah; Guruh saakshaat param brahma tasmai shree gurave namah. Guru is the creator (Brahma); Guru is the preserver (Vishnu); Guru is the destroyer (Maheshvara); Guru is verily the Supreme Absolute. -
Different Paths of Yoga: an Overview Dr
1 Overview Article International Journal of Science and Consciousness Access online at: www.ijsc.net March 2017, 3(1), 1-5 Different Paths of Yoga: An Overview Dr. Ajay Bhardwaj Sr. Asst. Professor, Dept of Communication, DSVV, Haridwar, India Abstract Yoga is the union of the individual soul with the supreme soul. Yoga is a practical path to self-realization, a means of attaining enlightenment by purifying the entire being. Yoga is the science that teaches us the method of uniting the individual soul with the Universal soul, of merging the individual will in the cosmic will; of experiencing our oneness with the divine consciousness. We have the description of the aim of yoga in almost all the holy books. Almost all the scriptures have declared that self – realization is the supreme aim of human life and this can be attained only by the constant practice of yoga. The different paths of yoga whether they be karma yoga, bhakti yoga, jnana yoga or raja yoga, they pave the way for the lifting up of human consciousness to a higher and nobler realm of light, love and life with divine harmony and joy. Key words: Self-realization, Individual soul, Supreme soul, Consciousness, Paths of yoga Article Received: 16-03-2017, Accepted: 30-03-2017, Published: 31-03-2017 Conflict of interest: None declared *Corresponding Author: Dr. Ajay Bhardwaj, Sr. Asst. Professor, Dept of Communication, DSVV, Haridwar, India E-mail: [email protected] International Journal of Science and Consciousness (IJSC): a Bio-Psycho-Spiritual approach Published by the Research Foundation for Science & Consciousness, Uttarakhand, India Copyright IJSC 2017 | March 2017 | Vol. -
Dhyana in Hinduism
Dhyana in Hinduism Dhyana (IAST: Dhyāna) in Hinduism means contemplation and meditation.[1] Dhyana is taken up in Yoga exercises, and is a means to samadhi and self- knowledge.[2] The various concepts of dhyana and its practice originated in the Vedic era of Hinduism, and the practice has been influential within the diverse traditions of Hinduism.[3][4] It is, in Hinduism, a part of a self-directed awareness and unifying Yoga process by which the yogi realizes Self (Atman, soul), one's relationship with other living beings, and Ultimate Reality.[3][5][6] Dhyana is also found in other Indian religions such as Buddhism and Jainism. These developed along with dhyana in Hinduism, partly independently, partly influencing each other.[1] The term Dhyana appears in Aranyaka and Brahmana layers of the Vedas but with unclear meaning, while in the early Upanishads it appears in the sense of "contemplation, meditation" and an important part of self-knowledge process.[3][7] It is described in numerous Upanishads of Hinduism,[8] and in Patanjali's Yogasutras - a key text of the Yoga school of Hindu philosophy.[9][10] A statue of a meditating man (Jammu and Kashmir, India). Contents Etymology and meaning Origins Discussion in Hindu texts Vedas and Upanishads Brahma Sutras Dharma Sutras Bhagavad Gita The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali Dharana Dhyana Samadhi Samyama Samapattih Comparison of Dhyana in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism Related concept: Upasana See also Notes References Sources Published sources Web-sources Further reading External links Etymology -
Astrology Raja Yoga Combinations ABSTRACT
Research Paper Volume : 5 | Issue : 2 | February 2016 • ISSN No 2277 - 8179 Astrology KEYWORDS : Maharajayogas, Akhan- Raja Yoga Combinations dasambrajya Yoga, Kendra Trikon Raj Yoga,DharmaKarmadhipathiyoga, Sreena- tha Yoga, Neechabangaraja Yoga, Adhiyo- ga, Mahapurusha Yoga,Vipareetharajayoga S.Rajasekhar Research Scholar-Astrology, PRIST University Dr.P A Subramanian PhD(San), PhD(Astro)- Prof.HOD-Sanskrit & Astrology, PRIST University, Thanjavur. ABSTRACT :- Raja Yoga means royal union. It is formed by association of planets and the houses they rule. Raja Yoga is formed by a planet of a Kendra house together with a planet of a triconal house.The Kendra houses (1,4,7,10) are the houses of manifestation and the triconal, houses (1,5,9) are the houses of purpose of dharma. The first house serve as both. When planets are combined with both action and purpose, Raja Yoga will manifest. Raja Yoga means royal union. It is formed by association of plan- Birth chart of MahathmaGandi ets and the houses they rule. Raja Yoga is formed by a planet of a Kendra house together with a planet of a triconal house.The Guru Kendra houses (1,4,7,10) are the houses of manifestation and the Chandra triconal, houses (1,5,9) are the houses of purpose of dharma. The Rahu first house serve as both. When planets are combined with both Grahanila/ action and purpose, Raja Yoga will manifest. Kethu Amsakam Lag Types of Raja Yogas Suk 1) Kendra Trikon Raj Yoga Sani Kuj When lagna lord has a relation with lord of Kendra or trik- Budha ens, then this is known as kendra-Triken Raj Yoga. -
5 Chapter 2 the Goal and Paths of Hinduism: An
CHAPTER 2 THE GOAL AND PATHS OF HINDUISM: AN OVERVIEW Dr. D.C. Rao Everybody without exception seeks happiness. Other goals such as money, power, and reputation are all desired because we think they will make us happy. Although we all seek happiness, we often fail. Is failure unavoidable? Is there a way to rise above the roller-coaster of life and experience happiness at all times? One way to understand Hinduism is as a positive answer to these questions.2 Hindu scriptures assert that there is an eternal, unchanging Consciousness that pervades the entire universe and that anyone can gain limitless bliss by connecting with that Divinity. This is called moksha. If blissful Consciousness is all-pervasive, each of us must necessarily dwell in it. Then why do we feel miserable? Hindu sages answer that it is because we forget who we really are and how we relate to Divine Consciousness. When our minds are clear and calm, we automatically become aware of our true nature, which is blissful. One way to understand Hindu spiritual practice is as transforming our minds so that we become aware of our connection with Divine Consciousness and reclaim our blissful nature, attaining moksha. The Hindu spiritual journey is a journey of the mind – from being agitated in the pursuit of material goals (artha) and sense pleasures (kama) to a state of perfect tranquility. A mind that is clear and calm is no longer an impediment to the enjoyment of Divine bliss. What are the steps in this spiritual journey? The first step is to discipline the desire for material possessions and sense pleasures. -
House of OM YTT Course Manual
1 2 3 4 Contents JOURNALING .............................................................................................. 13 WELCOME TO HOUSE OF OM ..................................................................... 16 HOUSE OF OM - Yoga School ...................................................................... 17 HOUSE OF OM - Founder Wissam Barakeh.................................................. 18 DEFINITION OF OM ..................................................................................... 20 DEFINITION OF YOGA .................................................................................. 22 HINDUISM (SANATHAN DHARMA) .............................................................. 24 HISTORICAL ORIGINS OF YOGA ................................................................... 25 Vedic and Pre-Classical Period ........................................................ 25 Classical Period .............................................................................. 26 Post-Classical Period ...................................................................... 27 Modern Period ............................................................................... 28 THE 4 TYPES OF YOGA ................................................................................. 30 Bhakti Yoga – Yoga of Devotion ...................................................... 30 Karma Yoga – Yoga of Selfless Service ............................................ 30 Jnana Yoga – Study of Philosophical works and the pursuit of knowledge .................................................................................... -
Overview of the Raja Yoga Online Module
Overview of the Raja Yoga online module The Raja Yoga module from 11 September There is more general information at the end 2020 will run as a standalone online course. of this document. There are still places available. There is detailed information on the following There will be a separate residential (including pages on the Raja Yoga online module, separate payment) in January next year, prior illustrative of how other online Dimensions to the start of the Instructor module, this will of Yoga components are structured, There be adapted as necessary to accommodate is also an overview of the updated Instructor any changes necessary due to the pandemic. modules. The Hatha Yoga and Raja Yoga residential weeks in January will run back to back. The next Hatha Yoga online module at the end of January will run in a similar pattern, Sharing and Learning Yoga also with a separate residential in January. yoga sadhana, yoga tradition The residentials may be completed before or after the online module. About the Raja Yoga online module • Theory will be presented via live/recorded lectures, and a comprehensive original manual. Integration of key concepts is established by focusing on them in daily life and sadhana. The many useful concepts include: • How to create a quieter mind. • Developing skills in self observation, reflection and acceptance. • Understanding Vrittis - patterns of mind. • Obstacles and how to overcome them. • Abhyasa - persistent practice. • Vairagya - developing the ablity to remain balanced in the face of life. • Viveka - developing the capacity to understand and direct one’s life. • Cultivation of opposites for changing unhelpful patterns. -
Raja Yoga and Its Role in Spirituality
International Journal of Yoga and Allied Sciences (ISSN: 2278 – 5159) Volume: 4, Issue: 2; July- Dec 2015 Raja Yoga and Its Role in Spirituality Dr. Pratibha Bharti* *Department of Biotechnology, Shaheed Udham Singh Group of Institutes, Mohali, Punjab, India E Mail: [email protected] Abstract Raja Yoga is sometimes referred to as "royal Yoga", "classical Yoga" and "aṣṭānga Yoga". Raja Yoga is also referred to as Mental Yoga, or the Yoga of the Mind, because of its emphasis on awareness of one's state of mind. It is through this practice of concentration that one learns to calm the mind and bring it to one point of focus so that we direct our attention inwardly, towards our true nature, which is Divine. Aim: Raja Yoga thus aims at attaining higher levels of spiritual awakening. Spirituality brings lasting and meaningful change to our lives through inner transformation. As we change, the universe changes around us. With this change, there is nurturing of the inner qualities. All aspects of our life must be spiritualized so that they can be directed towards attaining the goal of God-realization. This is the highest path, to God-union. Conclusion: In raja Yoga meditation we use our mental powers to realize the ‗Atman‘ through the process of psychological control. According to Bhagavad Gita: ―When, through the practice of Yoga, the mind ceases its restless movement and becomes still, the aspirant realizes the Atman‖. The mind is cleansed and made tranquil through the repeated practice of ―meditation and moral virtues‖, both of which are crucial in spiritual path. -
Hinduism 101: the Basics
Hinduism 101: The Basics Where Does Hinduism Come From? Hinduism, a collection of traditions, is one of few ancient religions to survive into modern times. It developed at least over 5000 years ago in the Indus Valley of India, the largest civilization in the ancient world. Hindus consider the Hindu tradition as having no identifiable beginning or end, and refer to it as Sanatana Dharma or the Eternal Way. The Vedas, one of Hinduism’s primary religious texts, means “knowledge” in the Sanskrit language and were preserved through a rigorous oral tradition for thousands of years before being written down. They present key Hindu teachings through hymns on the divine forces of nature. Hindu philosophy was further developed in the Upanishads; restated in story form in the Puranas, the Ramayana, and the Mahabharata; and through countless life stories, devotional poetry, and commentaries by learned sages. Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism are often referred to as the “Dharma traditions” or “Indic traditions.” The Dharma traditions share many concepts such as dharma, karma, samsara, and moksha (see later), though each religion understands and interprets them differently. Over many centuries, Hinduism's pluralistic ethos was reflected through India's embrace of other religious groups such as Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians when they were persecuted elsewhere. What are basic Hindu teachings? The deepest spiritual truth gleaned through the Vedas is that Brahman, or the Absolute (used interchangeably with “the Divine”, “the Absolute,” and “God”) pervades the entire universe. This divine reality or its essential nature is present in all living beings, eternal, and full of bliss. -
The 8 Rungs of Raja Yoga (The Royal Path)
HYT-TTP Level One and 200-Hour Program Retreat Handouts THE 8 RUNGS OF RAJA YOGA (THE ROYAL PATH) By Sonia van Nispen Raja yoga or the “Royal Path” is also known as Ashtanga yoga, which means “the yoga of eight limbs or rungs”. Another name by which it is known is ‘Integral yoga’. It is the vastest, most complete, and most comprehensive of all the yogas (such as Karma yoga, Bhakti yoga, Jnana yoga, Kundalini yoga, Mantra yoga, Laya yoga, Nada yoga, etc.). The eight rungs or ‘limbs’ of yoga as defined in Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras are as follows: • Yama : the yamas constitute the ethical foundation in our lives. They regulate our relations with others. There are five of them: o Ahimsa : non violence, in action, speech and thought. Non violence with regard to others, but also regarding ourselves. o Satya : truthfulness, again in action, speech and thought. o Asteya : non-theft, which includes ‘subtle’ appropriation (like accepting credit for something you have not done). o Aparigraha : ‘non grabbingness’. It is a matter of not being possessed by your possessions, of reducing your attachment to the material world. o Brahmacharya : celibacy or moderation. When speaking of sexuality, the translation would be celibacy, but we want to moderate the outward movement of all the senses (so for instance also conquer gluttony), in order to always have our senses attuned to the presence of God. In fact, the literal meaning of the word is ‘walking with God’. Sexuality is the strongest of our urges and the most difficult to conquer, hence the interpretation as celibacy.