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JABSOM Guide to Selected Plants of the Māla Lāʻau Lapaʻau

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JABSOM Guide to Selected Plants of the Māla Lāʻau Lapaʻau John A. Burns School of Medicine University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa Guide to Selected Plants of the M˜la L˜‘au Lapa‘au Mahalo ‘Ōlelo Mua We would like to express our sincerest mahalo to all of those who have The Department of Native Hawaiian Health at the University of HawaiʻiHawai'i at helped us with the Māla Lāʻau Lapaʻau and would like to recognize former MānoaManoa are involved as kahu (stewards) of the MālaMala LāʻauLa'au LapaʻauLapa'au (Medici-(Medici­ Dean Ed Cadman, MD, Dean Jerris Hedges, MD, ME, MMM, JABSOM nal Plant Garden) since the garden’sgarden's conception.conception . Our vision was to create Facilities Management, Malcom Nāea Chun, PhD, Rick Barboza from Hui a living outdoor classroom that would provide opportunities for learners to Kū Maoli Ola, the Alakaʻi Māla (leaders), and the faculty, staff, students, and appreciate Hawaiian ancestral knowledge and reestablish a connection to community members for all their kōkua (assistance) in helping us mālama the land.land. This Directory is intended to support this vision and was created (care for) the Māla. We look forward to working together to honor our as a reference tool for kumu (teachers),(teachers) , haumānahaumana (students),(students) , and others kūpuna’s knowledge for many years to come. to identify and understandunderstand the imbeddedimbedded knowledgeknowledge providedprovided byby the Māla.Mala. Faculty and staff of the Department organize regular workdays in the MālaMala This directory was made possible with the support of the University of to promote service learninglearning opportunities, reconnect with ‘āina'aina (land),(land), and Hawaiʻi at Mānoa John A. Burns School of Medicine, Department of Native provide discussion opportunities about lapaʻaulapa'au (medicinal) practices.practices . WWee Hawaiian Health, and the Native Hawaiian Center of Excellence (HRSA regularly invite guest and others from the school and community to join us.us. grant 2D34HP16044). The most commonly used plants for lāʻaula'au lapaʻaulapa'au practices that are grow-grow­ References inging inin our MālaMala are described inin this guide: ʻawa,'awa, ʻawapuhi'awapuhi kuahiwi,kuahiwi, kō,ko, 1. Abbott, Isabella A. “Lāʻau Hawaiʻi: Traditional Hawaiian Uses of Plants.” koʻokoʻolau,ko'oko'olau, kukui,kukui, māmaki,mamaki, noni,noni, ʻōlena,'olena, pōpolo,popolo, and ‘uhaloa'uhaloa.. Honolulu, HI: Bishop Museum Press, 1992. 2. Chun, Malcolm N. “Native Hawaiian Medicines.” Honolulu, HI: First ForFor each plant,plant, thethe followingfollowing informationinformation is provided:provided: People’s Productions, 1994. • Native Hawaiian and ScientifiScientific c Names 3. Handy, E. S. Craighill, Pukui, Mary K., and Katherine Livermore. “Outline of • Distribution Status (endemic,(endemic , indigenous,indigenous , oror Polynesian introduced)introduced ) Hawaiian Physical Therapeutics.” Honolulu, HI: Bernice P. Bishop Museum, • Habitat 1934. Habitat • Na Inoa A'e (Other names) : Other Hawaiian and/or English names 4. Handy, E. S. Craighill, and Handy, Elizabeth G. “Native Planters in Old • Nā Inoa ‘Ē'E Aʻe (Other names): Other Hawaiian and/or English names Hawaii: Their Life, Lore and Environment.” Honolulu, HI: Bishop Museum by which the plant is also known.known . Press; Revised edition, 1991. • Kinolau (Multiple manifestations or body forms):forms) : IdentifiIdentifies es the specifispecific c 5. Krauss, Beatrice H., “Plants in Hawaiian Culture.” Honolulu, HI: University god for whom a particular plant is an alternate form. of Hawaii Press, 1993. • NāNa HiʻohiʻonaHi'ohi'ona (Features and characteristics): DescribesDescribes the physicalphysical 6. Krauss, Beatrice H., and Martha Noyes. “Plants in Hawaiian Medicine.” features of the plant. Honolulu, HI: Bess Press, 2001. • Ka HoʻohanaHo'ohana ‘Ana'Ana (Uses): IdentifiIdentifies es and describes uses for the plant. 7. Malo, Davida. “Hawaiian Antiquities (Moolelo Hawaii). Bernice P. Bishop • ‘Ike'Ike PiliPili (Related(Related information/additional knowledge pertainingpertaining to the Museum Special Publication.” Honolulu, HI: Bishop Museum, 1951. plant):plant): Focuses on Hawaiian knowledge and highlights signifisignificant cant 8. Pukui, Mary K., and Dietrich Varez. “‘Ōlelo Noʻeau: Hawaiian Proverbs & cultural information.information . Poetical Sayings.” Honolulu, HI: Bishop Museum Press, 1983. • LāʻauLa'au LapaʻauLapa'au (medicinal uses within the Native Hawaiian community):community) : 9. Wagner, Warren L., Bruegmann, Marie M., Herbst, Derral M., and Joel Q. Describes some common medicinal uses. C. Lau. “Hawaiian Vascular Plants at Risk: 1999. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers No. 60.” Honolulu, HI: Bishop Museum Press, 1999. Contributors MālaMala Alaka'i: Alakaʻi: Mele Look, Kimberly B. Yamauchi, Miliani Trask-Batti, Suggested Citation Kamuela Wemer,Werner, and Dr.Dr. Winona K. Lee Look M. A., Yamauchi K. B., Trask-Batti M. K., Werner K. K., & Lee W. K. Designed by: KamakaʻainaKamaka'aina Seipp, Rhinehart K. Numazu, Jr.,Jr ., Kenneth (2013). Guide to Selected Plants of the Māla Lāʻau Lapaʻau at JABSOM. Tsukayama, and MialaMiala Leong Honolulu, HI: Department of Native Hawaiian Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. 1 Pule Hō‘ola ‘Uhaloa Written by Kekuhi Kanahele Waltheria indica A pule (prayer) of blessing and inspiration for the Māla Lā‘au Lapa‘au ʻO Kū ka hikina o ka lā, Indigenous. Found in dry, disturbed or well- ʻO Hina komohana o ka lā, drained, moist habitats between 0–1,300 ft in Nā aumākua lau nāhelehele, hoʻoulu kānaka, E maliu mai. elevation on all main Hawaiian Islands. ʻO nā ʻaumākua, Nā Inoa ʻĒ Aʻe: ʻalaʻala pū loa, hala ʻuhaloa, E aloha mai ka mea i maʻi ʻia, E kala wale i kona haumia me kona hemahema āpau hiʻaloa, kanakaloa, waltheria, sleepy morning, Eia ka wai, he wai huikala, basora prieta, hierba de soldado E kala! Eia ka lāʻau, Kinolau: Kanaloa He lāʻau kū, he lāʻau moe, he lāʻau kolo ka lāʻau, ʻO Kū ka ʻākau, ʻO Hina ka hema, Nā Hiʻohiʻona: Small, shrubby plant can reach E hō mai i lāʻau, i lāʻau, i lāʻau lapaʻau, i lāʻau akua, He aʻa, he ‘ili, he lau, 6.6 ft in height. Flowers are small, yellow, and densely clustered. Fruits are He liko, he pua, he hua ka lāʻau, tiny capsules with one seed. ʻAi ka lāʻau! E ola! Hail Kū of the rising, Hail Hina of the setting, ʻO Hoaka ka mahina, puka ke ao, Lāʻau Lapaʻau: Used to treat sore throat, the bark is removed and chewed Ancestors of profuse herbage, of the procreation of ʻO Kū ka mahina, puka ke ao, humanity, several times a day. To treat asthma, flowers, leaf buds, older leaves, and ʻO Kāloa ka mahina, puka ke ao, I entreat you. the bark from the taproot are mixed with several other ingredients, heated, ʻO Kāne ka mahina, puka ke ao, ʻO Lono ka mahina, puka ke ao, cooled, and drunk daily for five days (Krauss, 2001). The flowers are Oh ancestors, A hoʻi hou ka mauli ola! Bestow your compassion upon the ailing one, considered good medicine for children who are more than ten days old. To ʻO ka panina kēia. Ua ola! And justly forgive any defilement or neglect on his part, Ola a kolopupū a haumaka ʻiole. treat sore throats with the beneficial sap, the taproot can be chewed and the Here is the water, the purifying element, A palalauhala a kaʻi kōkō, Absolve any wrong doing! fibrous sediment spit out. ʻĀmama, ua noa! Here is the medicine, The upright plant, the prostrating plant, the vine is the medicine, The right belongs to Kū, the left for Hina, Grant me herbs, medicinal herbs, herbs imbued by the gods, The stem, the bark, the leaf, The new shoots, the flowers, the tuber or fruit Take the medicine, the curing begins! Hoaka is the moon, day breaks, Kū is the moon, day breaks, Kāloa is the moon, day breaks, Kāne is the moon, day breaks, Lono is the moon, day breaks, Until full health is restored! The period of confinement is ended. You are cured! A healthful life until you are bent with age and the eyes blur. Until you are like a ripened hala leaf and must be carried in a carrying net. It is done, it is freed! 2 15 Pōpolo Map Solanum americanum Indigenous. Occurs in a variety of habitats, Page Number including open sites, coastal forests, wet JABSOM Biosciences Building forests, subalpine woodlands, and disturbed roadsides. 4 ʻAwa ------ J___j Nā Inoa ʻĒ Aʻe: ʻolohua, pōpolohua (Niʻihau), • American nightshade, glossy nightshade 5 ʻAwapuhi Kuahiwi I Kinolau: Kāne 6 I • 6 6 Hala 6 I Nā Hiʻohiʻona: Shrub-like herb 3 ft tall. Leaves are thin, smooth, and about 4 in long on new growth. Flowers are white I 4 or light purple with a yellow stamen. Fruit is a shiny black berry with many • 12 7 Kī small seeds. Ka Hoʻohana ʻAna: Used as dye. To treat asthma, bark, leaf buds, and • 8 Kō older leaves are mixed with noni (Morinda citrifolia), mature niu (Cocos \ I nucifera), and kō kea (Saccharum officinarum) , pounded, then drunk after l I • l being cooked and cooled. It is also used to treat abdominal trouble in a 9 Koʻokoʻolau ', similar fashion. \ \ I I Juice from the leaves and ripe berries is used alone and in • I Lāʻau Lapaʻau: 10 Kukui compounds for respiratory ailments, skin eruptions, and as a healing agents \ for cuts when mixed with salt (Abbott, 1992). Sap from the leaves and juice • from the berries can be used to treat respiratory ailments and skin 11 Māmaki eruptions. Muscle, tendon, or joint soreness is treated by applying juice from the leaves to the affected area while it is being sunned (Abbott, 1992). It is • commonly used as an ancillary ingredient in many medicines. The leaves, 12 Noni when combined with the bulbs of ʻakaʻakai (Schoenoplectus lacustris), hinaʻalo tap roots, and salt, are used to treat sore throat (pu‘u‘eha) and • 13 ʻŌlena enlarged or swollen tonsils (puʻukohekohe). To cure a cold, steamed leaves that have been wrapped in kī (Cordyline fruticosa) leaves were eaten every Cancer Research Center evening for five consecutive days (Krauss, 2001).To treat chills and high • 14 Pōpolo fever, leaves and bark of the halapepe (Pleomele spp.) are combined with the tap roots of pōpolo and ʻuhaloa (Waltheria indica) and a section of kō kea, mashed, heated with water, and drunk cold four times daily until chills • 15 ʻUhaloa subside (Chun, 1994).
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