2013 Annual Report Erasmus Prize the Future of Democracy

2013

Annual Report Erasmus Prize The Future of Democracy

photo ANP Preface 2013 The Erasmus Prize 2013 was devoted to The Future of Democracy, a theme high on the political agenda. The Prize was awarded to the German philosopher Jürgen Habermas. Habermas has built up an enormous oeuvre of books and other writings and is still very active. His work is critical, undogmatic and cuts across a vast area – ethics, science philosophy, language philosophy, political theory, sociology, social philosophy and cultural theory. Besides this, from the 1950s onward he has tirelessly engaged in debates on urgent Contents political issues, such as nuclear armament, the division of Germany, terrorism, the war in Iraq and, more recently, the issue of European integration. In its decision to award the prize to Jürgen Habermas, the board of our foundation was assisted by a committee consisting of Victor Halberstadt, Joost Preface 3 Klarenbeek, and board members Rick Lawson, Maria Grever and Paul Schnabel. Activities 4 Illustration Joseph Semah We are delighted that the Patron of our Foundation has Erasmus Prize 2013 6 decided to keep this function also in his new role, that of King of the Netherlands. His Majesty the King presented the Citation 7 Erasmus Prize during a festive ceremony on 6 November at

the Royal Palace in Amsterdam, in the presence of HM the Laudatio 9 Queen, HRH Princess Beatrix, and HRH Princess Margriet. We are thankful for the hospitality the Royal Family has bestowed Acceptance Speech Jürgen Habermas 12 upon us. During the award ceremony, Maria Grever, member of the board of the Foundation, read the laudatio which you Biography Jürgen Habermas 15 will find in this report.

Highlights Press Clippings 16 Our yearbook is no longer a book, so henceforth we call it

the annual report. It contains the usual categories, namely Communication and Online Presence 41 citation, laudatio, acknowledgement speech, activity report, publications and composition of the board in the year 2013. Publications 1958 - 2013 42 The report is illustrated more lavishly than before and is available in digital format only. Origin and Aim of the 46 Praemium Erasmianum Foundation Martijn Sanders, chairman Max Sparreboom, director Board 47

Colophon 48

Activities 2013

Introductory Course ‘Understanding Habermas’ Symposium ‘The Future of Democracy’ From 30 September 5 November, KNAW, Amsterdam Course in three parts on the work of Jürgen Habermas and his views Symposium Jürgen Habermas with PhD Students on the future of democracy. The course concluded with a conference Following a lecture by Jürgen Habermas on deliberative democracy and on Saturday 26 October at the ISVW in Leusden. The course was political crisis, PhD students discussed various philosophical, historical organised by the Institute of Philosophy, in collaboration with ISVW and political topics with Habermas and other speakers. The symposium and Humanistisch Verbond. was organised in collaboration with the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen and the Huizinga Institute. Student Essay Competition on Democracy From 30 September Exhibition ‘Decadence of Dictators’ The International School of Philosophy (ISVW) issued a national essay 5 November – 1 December, Openbare Bibliotheek Amsterdam competition among secondary school students on the topic of ‘the This exhibition showed the eccentricities of ten different dictators. In future of democracy’. collaboration with ProDemos and OBA.

Book Launch ‘A Future for Europe’ Award Ceremony Erasmus Prize 2013 to Jürgen Habermas 23 October, SPUI25, Amsterdam 6 November, Royal Palace Amsterdam On the occasion of the Erasmus Prize 2013, Uitgeverij BOOM has published a new book on Jürgen Habermas’ views on democracy and Documentary ‘Videocracy’ Europe. The book consists of an interview with Jürgen Habermas by 6 November HRH Princess Beatrix in conversation with the winners of the debating contest for secondary school philosophy students. Paul Schnabel, and recent articles by Habermas. In collaboration with The documentary ‘Videocracy’ was broadcast by the digital channel the Germany Institute Amsterdam and Uitgeverij BOOM. Holland Doc 24. The documentary examines the role of the media in the political culture of Italy under Silvio Berlusconi. Leon Heuts gave a Student Speech Contest on Democracy brief introduction to the film and also to the work of Habermas. 26 October, ProDemos, The Hague ProDemos held a national speech contest among secondary school students. Fifteen nominees were invited to a workshop on speech writing.

Conference ‘Discussing Jürgen Habermas’ ERASMUS FESTIVAL BRABANT 26 October, Estate of ISVW, Leusden www.erasmusfestival.nl Debate on Jürgen Habermas. Moderated by professor Harry Kunneman, professors Tannelie Blom, Erik Borgman and Michiel Publication Korthals discussed the recent work of Jürgen Habermas. This Young people on the future of democracy, published in collaboration conference marked the end of the introductory course ‘Understanding with MOTI Breda and ProDemos. Habermas’. In collaboration with the Institute of Philosophy, ISVW, Humanistisch Verbond and Uitgeverij BOOM. ‘Evening of Democracy’ 9 November, Theater aan de Parade,‘s Hertogenbosch Student Debate on Democracy Theatrical evening directed by Jos Groenier, in collaboration with 29 October, Openbare Bibliotheek Amsterdam, Theaterzaal Introdans. What are the guidelines for a good conversation or a debate? And how can the teachings of Habermas help us answer these questions? ‘I protest’ Debating contest for secondary school philosophy students. In 10 November, Theater aan de Parade, ‘s Hertogenbosch collaboration with the Montessori Lyceum Amsterdam, Vierde New protest songs by André Manuel and Roos Rebergen. Gymnasium and OBA. In collaboration with Fontys Hogescholen and the Koningstheateracademie. Conference Borders to Cross 29 October - 31 October, Pakhuis De Zwijger, Amsterdam ‘Day of Dialogue’ Three-day international conference on democratic innovation and civic 4 November – 10 November driven change. Dialogues on the future of democracy took place in five cities in the province of Brabant. Documentary ‘Putin’s Kiss’ 3 November, EYE Film Institute, Amsterdam ‘Influence of social media on democracy’ Screening of the documentary ‘Putin’s Kiss’ (directed by Lise Birk 4 November – 10 November Pedersen, Denmark 2011), on the patriotic youth movement Nashi in Series of debates in various cities in the province of Brabant. Russia, preceded by a lecture by Robin Brouwer. Her Majesty the Queen in conversation with Anne Hensen, the winner of the student speech contest on democracy. Citation

Article 2 of the Constitution of the Praemium Erasmianum The Prize is awarded to him on the following grounds: Foundation reads as follows: Within the context of the cultural traditions of Europe in general and the ideas of Erasmus Jürgen Habermas’ viewpoints on socio-political events are in particular, the aim of the Foundation is to enhance the rooted in his life-long theoretical work on the public sphere position of the humanities, social sciences and the arts. The and human communication. He asks critical questions, like emphasis is on tolerance, cultural pluralism and non-dogmatic, most philosophers do, but also gives answers. In these answers critical thinking. The Foundation tries to achieve this aim he has always emphasized the importance of dialogue for a through the award of prizes and by other means. A money democratic society in which he argues human dignity should prize is awarded under the name of Erasmus Prize. be the prime value.

In accordance with this article, the Board of the Praemium Sharp in his analysis of political events in Europe, Habermas Erasmianum Foundation has decided to award the Erasmus criticizes political elites for their opportunistic thinking. He Prize for the year 2013 to professor Jürgen Habermas. pleads for political solidarity and long-term thinking, and takes a firm and positive stand in the debate on a more far-reaching ‘Jürgen Habermas is a European integration. 06 * 11 * 2013 cosmopolitan citizen in Jürgen Habermas is one of the most influential scholars and public intellectuals, in areas cutting across sociology, Erasmus Prize the true Erasmian sense.’ politics and philosophy. Both in writing and in practice, he has demonstrated a worldview, according to which rational debate Award Ceremony among equal individuals is the basis for a civilized, humane and democratic world. He is a cosmopolitan citizen in the true Jürgen Habermas Erasmian sense.

2013

photo ANP Laudatio

Your Majesties, Your Royal Highnesses, Excellencies, ladies and Perhaps the newspaper journalist had not examined the list gentlemen, of participants carefully enough, for there was at least one, senior German participant who – as the journalists ought In August this year the 23rd World Congress of Philosophy to know – was for 100% the opposite of the stereotype of was held in Athens. One of the aims of the conference was the philosopher who “only lives in his own world”. Speaking to discuss the role and responsibilities of philosophers today. to a packed lecture hall at the University of Athens, Jürgen Around 3000 philosophers from all over the world came to Habermas analysed the European crisis from the perspective Athens for this conference. This led a Greek left-liberal daily of the lack of political solidarity. newspaper to complain that philosophers are too silent in times of crisis: He argued that instead of expanding democracy and changing how it operated, the EU was more and more becoming a ‘That’s the most convincing proof of the academic entrenchment technocracy in which member states participated without of philosophy and the distortion it is subjected to in a system involvement from their respective citizens. Criticising the that serves the interests of pragmatism, utilitarianism and German government, Habermas said that under its guidance, ultimately cynicism. ... After adjusting for so long to the needs the EU has prioritised the fiscal balance of each member state Award ceremony, Royal Palace Amsterdam. of a lucrative model of research and teaching, philosophy over anything else in its attempt at resolving the crisis. In has morphed into an autistic, self-serving discipline. It’s no Habermas’ view, political solidarity is required to resolve the coincidence that the social stereotype of the philosopher is that crisis. He criticises the powerful EU members for short term of someone who lives in his own world. More a drop-out than a and opportunistic thinking, for shirking their responsibilities militant intellectual who asks questions in the name of society and not explaining to their citizens that without this solidarity, and stands up to the powers that be.’ we are going nowhere, and development in the eurozone will be weakened further.

‘Truth should prevail over Ladies and gentlemen, the views which Jürgen Habermas power; communication should has repeatedly put forth with such strength and conviction, are rooted in a long life of dedication to the study of the be based on the equality public sphere. Major works such as Strukturwandel der of participants, in all fields: Öffentlichkeit in which he defends the view that democracy is a conditio sine qua non for true progress, and Theorie des politics, science, and ethics. kommunikativen Handelns have established his authority as These are the basic ingredients one of the great thinkers of our time. Habermas has built up an enormous oeuvre of books and other writings. His work of Habermas’ reasoning and is critical, un-dogmatic and surpasses the usual boundaries key to his perseverance, his of established specialisms. It cuts across a vast area – ethics, science philosophy, language philosophy, political theory, engagement and belief in a sociology, social philosophy and cultural theory. Besides this, rational route to emancipation from the 1950s onward he has tirelessly engaged in debates on urgent political issues, such as nuclear armament, the and enlightenment.’ division of Germany, terrorism, the war in Irak and, more recently, the issue of European integration. His interventions were characterised by a high degree of autonomy, a position that often earned him critiques from different sides of the political spectrum. This autonomous and critical stance in the current political debate is a direct consequence of his Award ceremony, Burgerzaal, Royal Palace Amsterdam. academic work. If there is one binding motif in all of his ‘Habermas is the perfect activities, it is his endeavour to attain mutual understanding in a reasonable and open dialogue. The connecting thread example of a public intellec- running through Habermas’ writings is the public use of reason: from the public sphere through communicative tual, an engaging thinker who action and rationality, to discourse ethics and then, finally, to stimulates further reflection on deliberative democracy. Basically, truth should prevail over power; communication should be based on the equality of topics such as human dialogue, participants, in all fields: politics, science, and ethics. These are democracy and human dignity.’ the basic ingredients of Habermas’ reasoning and key to his perseverance, his engagement and belief in a rational route to emancipation and enlightenment. has reflected on social-political events in the world. He has witnessed the foundation of the European Union and has been The Praemium Erasmianum Foundation has chosen ‘the committed to the European project ever since. He believes Future of Democracy’ as the theme for the Erasmus Prize in a democratic Europe and in his writings presents well- of 2013. To many, the idea of representative, parliamentary considered perspectives on the future of Europe. Central in democracy is a very attractive model of governance. But his thinking is democracy and the commitment of the people. democracy is not to be taken for granted. The idea has Habermas makes sharp analyses of globalisation processes been embraced by regions and countries that have freed and the consequences of liberalisation, while pointing to the themselves from dictatorship, as in Eastern Europe and problem of democratic control. He is concerned about a South America. Other regions, such as China and Singapore possible loss of democratic values in a situation of globalised have instead taken economic and social achievements as the financial markets but he keeps believing in the debate, in ratio basis of organizing society. But also outside these regions, as the source of politics and in the equality of man. He is the democratic model is faced with problems of practical sharp and critical in his analysis of the political stage and of Board member Maria Grever reading the laudatio. feasibility and credibility. Can parliamentary democracy, a where things go wrong. At the same time he is optimistic in model developed on national basis, with its slow procedures his expectations, because he hopes for a ‘Wende’ in a rational of decision making, face up to international challenges such direction, based on the debate between equals. On the one as climate change, financial crises and new communication hand he gives a positive interpretation of the origin of the technologies? Other challenges are perceived in continuing European Union, the legal discourse between states, and that liberalisation of the global trade. The power of the market: can between states and the European Union. On the other hand it be checked by national governments, while staying within he warns for the rise of a technocracy, that breaks away from the boundaries of the normative, democratic constitutional democratic control if political union should not be achieved. state? European integration is another case in point. On He criticises the political elites for their short-term thinking the one hand ‘Europe’ is a guarantee for safety, and protects and their failure to create a broad democratic support for the fundamental rights of the citizen, preventing the system Europe. Yet he regards further political integration of Europe from lapsing back into a dictatorship. On the other hand as desirable and inevitable. Habermas is often cited and ‘Europe’ is criticised from the perspective of representative his publications continue to attract great interest. Leading democracy for lack of transparency and a democratic deficit. politicians quote his views with approval. Habermas’ work This is all the more pressing because more and more powers spans more than five decades and, for the moment, it shows are transferred to supra-national institutions of the EU. no sign of abating. With good reason he can be called the Even outspoken proponents of a more centralised European philosophical conscience of democratic Germany, and as an system of governance are facing a problem as long as there engaged public intellectual he is also heard and appreciated in is the prevailing suspicion that further European integration the rest of the world. Habermas is the perfect example of a interferes with the national democracies. The question is public intellectual, an engaging thinker who stimulates further how a useful European integration can be matched by a reflection on topics such as human dialogue, democracy and strengthening of democratic values that in the past always human dignity. His humanistic views and commitment to the have been associated with the nation state. future of Europe make him an example par excellence of the Erasmian values the Foundation holds so dear. On behalf of our Ladies and gentlemen, in the person of professor Jürgen Foundation I wish to congratulate you with the Erasmus Prize. Habermas our Foundation has found a laureate who in writing and in practice embodies this thematic of the Future of Presented by Maria Grever Democracy. For more than half a century, Jürgen Habermas Board member of the Praemium Erasmianum Foundation Nora Fisher and ensemble Os Orphicum performing during award ceremony. 10 11 nationalism which was interwoven with colonial imperialism The European Union has taken the lead in pursuing such a lies over a half-century behind us. But we still feel the effects transnationalization of democracy, something which has been of the stubbornness of national boundaries. The toll barriers a source of pride for us up to now. But Europe has remained disappeared with the Schengen Agreement but they are now stuck in midstream. The euro zone countries in particular Acceptance Speech Jürgen Habermas being reerected in people’s heads. are suffering as a result, because the single currency is in many respects incompatible with the sovereignty of the The globalization of the economy and society has once again member states. While the peoples are drifting apart under led to reactions of mutual seclusion. There are two specific the pressure of the crisis and are stigmatizing each other Your Majesties, Your Royal Highnesses, Excellencies, ladies and the moral meaning of God’s commandments is upheld only if reasons for this. Under conditions of growing social inequality, within their respective national public arenas, the technocratic gentlemen, these are followed for their own sake. our nations are undergoing a painful transformation into interdependence between the governments is marching postcolonial immigrant societies. As a result of the influx of onwards behind closed doors. And the citizens are paying In the roll call of outstanding individuals who have been Erasmus shared this criticism of justification by works alone. labor and poverty immigrants and refugees, our comparatively an increasingly high price for this in the currency of their awarded this prize, Karl Jaspers has pride of place. In 1946, But, in contrast to Luther, he considered every independently homogeneous majority cultures are facing the challenge of democratic disempowerment. We can break out of this vicious Jaspers appealed to the conscience of his German fellow thinking person to be able with the help of God to accept integrating foreign subcultures with different religious forms of circle only if the nations open themselves up to one another citizens with his stirring work on “The Question of German the strictly binding nature of moral imperatives on the basis life into society. That is the first challenge. The second is posed and stop balking at the prospect of a closer Political Union. Guilt.” His liberal cast of mind oriented to reason and of rational insight alone. Kant would take up this idea two- by the erosion of national democracies. The citizens sense this What project could be more worthy of the legacy of Erasmus communication fit with that of the thinker who lent his name and-a-half centuries later and sharpen it into the concept and are responding by retreating behind their national fences. than an energetic attempt to restore the impaired mutual to this prize. In calling the prize after Erasmus, its sponsors of autonomy: Those individuals are free, he argued, who confidence between the European North and the European wanted to give it a twofold orientation: The linkage with the bind their free choice to general laws that they have given Because the political scopes for action of governments South? ideas of Erasmus was intended to foster European unification themselves for good reasons – namely, based on insight into are shrinking in an increasingly integrated world society, in a spirit of humanistic erudition and culture. I would like to what is equally good for all. They cannot in this way earn their nation states are being forced to engage in ever closer say something about each of these aspects – on the topic of happiness but can only show themselves to be worthy of cooperation within a rapidly growing network of international ‘Since we are neither able nor Europe and the future of democracy in Europe, of course, but happiness. organizations. As a result, the horizontal interdependencies wish to reverse the process of also on a form of humanism that is not exhausted in a vague between governments are simultaneously becoming denser. spirit of toleration. Today, this controversy between Erasmus and Luther is Thus, based on international treaties, more and more globalization, the progressive being repeated in an ironic way. On Erasmus’s side are those resolutions are being taken that citizens can no longer drying-up of democracy can be Erasmus argued for positions that remain contested to the philosophers who insist that the individual can choose influence through the democratic means available to them. present day. I refer to one of his most celebrated works, De autonomously between right and wrong on the basis of good Public opinion- and will-formation functions for the present halted only by extending the libero arbitrio, in which he famously defended freedom of the reasons. On the other side are neurologists who declare only within national borders. But since we are neither able nor paths of legitimation beyond will against Luther’s doctrine of predestination. In a certain freedom of will to be an illusion because they consider the wish to reverse the process of globalization, the progressive sense, this conflict within theology recurs in a secularized strict causal connection between neural states according drying-up of democracy can be halted only by extending the national boundaries.’ guise today. As you will recall, Luther followed Augustine in to natural laws to be an equivalent of Luther’s determinism paths of legitimation beyond national boundaries. teaching that God has made his judgment from the beginning regarding salvation. And, as if anticipating Erasmus’s objection of time on the salvation or damnation of each individual as to why we, as supposedly unfree persons, should still appear believer. By invoking the Last Judgment, Erasmus argued against before a judge, they push for a reform of criminal law. This Luther: “[A]re we compelled to be present at the Judgment example, ladies and gentlemen, demonstrates that humanism Seat if nothing has happened through our own will, but all remains a vital, combative position. things have been done in us by sheer necessity?” (On the Freedom of the Will in Rupp and Watson (eds.), Luther and The other intention for conferring the prize is especially Erasmus: Free Will and Salvation (Louisville, KY: Westminster controversial, namely, European unification in the spirit of John Knox Press, 2006), 87). humanism. This problem had not yet arisen in Erasmus’s time. In spite of the contemporary discovery of America, Luther relied essentially on two arguments. First, he appealed Europe still represented the world and the Latin-speaking to St. Paul in asserting that the sinful nature of human beings world of scholars knew no boundaries. Although the Roman is so profoundly corrupt that our will can accomplish nothing Catholic ecumene was about to break down, the religious on its own without the grace of an omnipotent God. The split did not yet amount to a disintegration into nations that other argument was a moral one and can be explained within demarcated themselves from each other as such. Only much the historical context of the worldly Roman church of his later, after the introduction of compulsory schooling and in time. Only if our salvation is predetermined in a way that is the light of their respective national histories, cultures, and inscrutable to us, Luther argued, can the believer’s motives languages, did the populations have to acquire an awareness for leading a life pleasing to God remain untarnished by the of national belonging, so that they could be drafted and egocentric intention of promoting his own happiness. In fact, mobilized against each other en masse. Today the end of this

12 13 Biography Jürgen Habermas

With the German scholar Jürgen Habermas (Düsseldorf, One of the most influential philosophers in the world, 1929), the Praemium Erasmianum Foundation has found a Habermas has dealt with so many questions, that a short laureate who embodies the theme of the future of democracy biography like this can never do justice to the scope and par excellence. A tireless champion of a democratic and significance of his work. His extensive writings address topics just society, Jürgen Habermas criticises the political elites ranging from social-political theory, aesthetics, epistemology, for short-term thinking and their failure to create broad, and language to philosophy of religion. His ideas have democratic, societal support for Europe. He forcefully argues significantly influenced not only philosophy but also political/ in favor of a continued political integration of Europe, which legal thought, sociology, communication studies, argumentation he regards as desirable and inevitable. theory and rhetoric, theology and developmental psychology. Additionally, Habermas has played an active role in debates on Jürgen Habermas has built up an enormous oeuvre, in which a variety of political and social subjects. His plea for political he has consistently emphasised the importance of dialogue solidarity and European integration is unabated. and human dignity. Among his best known books are ‘Zur Strukturwandel der Oeffentlichkeit’(1962) and ‘Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns’ (1981). The current political and financial-economic crises and the fate of Europe are subjects for his frequent public lectures and are discussed in his more recent essays such as ‘Zur Verfassung Europas’ (2011) and ‘The Crisis of the European Union, a Response’ (2012).

14 15 De Groene Amsterdammer Voorbij de horizon - de toekomst van de Europese democratie

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Volkskrant Politieke elite zelf grootste hindernis Martin Sommer, publication 2 November 2013 Insert VONK Toekomst van de Democratie

Meeslepende Europese inzichten [review Een Toekomst voor Europa] Olaf Tempelman, publication 26 October 2013

NRC Handelsblad Erasmusprijs van de democratie voor een oude Europa-filosoof Raymond van den Boogaard, publication 6 November 2013

Trouw Zonder omweg naar Europa Antoine Verbij, publication 2 November 2013

Het Financieele Dagblad Pleitbezorger van een democratisch Europa Michiel Goudswaard, publication 6 November 2013

NRC Next Een fier plukje spierwit Simone van Saarloos, publication 6 November 2013

Filosofie Magazine ‘De politiek wil de bevolking erbuiten houden’ Florentijn van Rootselaar, publication 30 June 2014

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ERASMUSPRIJS (NIETS OVER ERASMUS JAZZ PRIJS!!) 26 27 alleen voor intern/eigen gebruik NRC Handelsblad Erasmusprijs van de democratie voor een oude Europa-filosoof Trouw Zonder omweg naar Europa Raymond van den Boogaard, publication 6 November 2013 Antoine Verbij, publication 2 November 2013 Publicatie : Trouw Letter & Geest Regio : Nederland Publicatie : NRC Handelsblad Regio : Nederland Datum : 2 nov 2013 Pagina : 10 Frequentie : wekelijks Datum : 6 nov 2013 Pagina : 14 Frequentie : 6x per week cm2 : 1.687 Advertentiewaarde : € 20.752,00 Oplage : 103.035 cm2 : 230 Advertentiewaarde : € 6.856,00 Oplage : 201.619

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alleen voor intern/eigen gebruik Het Financieele Dagblad Pleitbezorger van een democratisch Europa Michiel Goudswaard, publication 6 November 2013

Marxistisch

Habermas was vier jaar toen Adolf Hitler in 1933 aan de macht kwam. Hij was vijftien toen hij naar het front werd gestuurd en kort na het einde van de oorlog ontdekte hij wat zich allemaal in nazi-- Duitsland had afgespeeld. De oorlog zou zijn latere werk op het grensvlak van de sociologie, filosofie en politicologie diepgaand beïnvloeden.

Pleitbezorger van een democratisch Europa Na studies in Göttingen, Zürich en Bonn en de voltooiing van zijn proefschrift gaat hij in 1956 aan de slag bij het marxistisch georiënteerde Institut für Sozialforschung in Frankfurt, waar op dat moment Michiel Goudswaard Max Horkheimer en Theodor Adorno de scepter zwaaien. Zij hebben na de Holocaust hun woensdag 06 november 2013, 00:00 vertrouwen in het verlichtingsdenken grotendeels verloren, maar Habermas gaat daarin niet volledig mee. In zijn magnum opus Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns uit 1981 benadrukt hij dat in de open ‘communicatieve ruimte’ van een gesprek iedere uitspraak onderbouwd moet worden. Het machtsverschil tussen debatterende partijen moet geneutraliseerd worden door de ‘dwangloze dwang van het betere argument’.

Debatten

Hij mengt zich sinds de jaren vijftig in tal van maatschappelijke debatten, van de rol van genetica tot de plaats van religie in een geseculariseerde maatschappij. Over dat laatste thema ging hij in debat met kardinaal Joseph Ratzinger, de latere paus Benedictus XVI. In 2008 hield hij de Nexus-lezing in Tilburg, waarin hij afrekende met het simplistische denken in het hoog oplopende debat over de multiculturele samenleving.

De afgelopen jaren publiceerde hij twee essaybundels over Europa. Hij ziet met lede ogen aan hoe na 1989 het neoliberalisme oprukt en de samenlevingen steeds meer doordrenkt raken van het economisch denken. Hij signaleert dat door de oprukkende globalisering de verhouding tussen politiek en markt uit balans is geraakt.

Eenwording

De nationale staat heeft hierop geen passend antwoord, meent Habermas. Alleen door middel van Jürgen Habermas // Demotix/Hollandse Hoogte een verdere eenwording van Europa kan het primaat van de politiek over de financiële markten weer Jürgen Habermas neemt het op tegen de realisten. Tegen mensen die de moed hebben opgegeven worden hersteld. Die verdere eenwording moet in zijn ogen niet de vorm krijgen van een federale dat de wereld kan worden veranderd. ‘Zelfs de zwartste diagnose ontslaat ons niet van de staat, waarin de nationale staten zouden opgaan. verplichting om naar het betere te streven’, zegt de 84-jarige filosoof die nog onvermoeibaar De natiestaat is en blijft voor hem de belangrijkste waarborg voor recht en vrijheid, maar daarnaast doorwerkt. moeten er Europese politieke structuren komen die het mogelijk maken de huidige economische Habermas geldt als een van de grootste nog levende filosofen. Vanwege zijn doorwrochte onevenwichtigheden binnen de eurozone aan te pakken. Een rigide bezuinigingsbeleid is in zijn ogen academische werk, waarmee hij wereldwijd faam verwierf. Maar ook vanwege zijn niet-aflatende niet genoeg, en treft vooral de sociaal zwakkeren. Een gemeenschappelijke financiële, economische stroom artikelen waarin hij de wereld analyseert en becommentarieert. Die stukken zijn niet altijd en sociale politiek is nodig, waardoor de EU flexibel zou kunnen reageren op snel veranderende even makkelijk leesbaar, maar ze getuigen wel altijd van een grote eruditie en denkkracht. omstandigheden.

Vanmiddag krijgt hij de Erasmusprijs uit handen van koning Willem-Alexander vanwege zijn Democratisch beschouwingen over de ‘toekomst van de democratie’, het thema dat de Stichting Praemium Maar die nieuwe structuren moeten dan wel democratisch gelegitimeerd zijn. Hij pleit voor een Erasmianum dit jaar heeft gekozen. Daarmee wordt in tijden van oprukkend populisme een denker wijziging van het Europese verdrag, die aan de burger ter goedkeuring moet worden voorgelegd. Het bekroond die zich zijn hele leven al inzet voor het gebruik van de ratio, juist ook in het politieke debat.

32 33 Publicatie : NRC NEXT Regio : Nederland Datum : 6 nov 2013 Pagina : 2 Frequentie : 5x per week cm2 : 180 Advertentiewaarde : € 2.388,00 Oplage : 83.037

NRC Next Een fier plukje spierwit Simone van Saarloos, publication 6 November 2013

Europees Parlement moet een veel prominentere plaats krijgen in het krachtenspel, als volwaardige partner van de Europese regeringsleiders en de Europese Commissie.

Daar kunnen belangenafwegingen worden gemaakt die verder reiken dan de huidige compromissen tussen zich op hun nationaal belang beroepende staten. ‘Alleen in parlementaire processen kan een zich tot heel Europa uitstrekkend wij-perspectief van Europese burgers uitgroeien tot een geïnstitutionaliseerde macht’, schrijft Habermas.

Euroscepsis

Dergelijke hervormingen zijn volgens velen onhaalbaar in tijden van euroscepsis. Maar Habermas verwijt de Europese regeringsleiders dat zij hun burgers zwaar onderschatten. De meestal zo rustig argumenterende filosoof kwalificeert Angela Merkel een ‘kleine en visieloze kanselier’ die uit ‘machtspolitiek opportunisme’ in de eurocrisis vasthoudt aan een beleid van pappen en nathouden.

De burgers van Europa moeten zich kunnen uitspreken over hun toekomst, op basis van een met argumenten gevoerd debat. Zij begrijpen volgens hem zeer goed dat solidariteit op Europees niveau noodzakelijk is, niet alleen om de schade van het uiteenvallen van de euro te voorkomen, maar ook om ervoor te zorgen dat Europa haar eigenheid kan bewaren en een plaats op het wereldtoneel kan behouden.

34 35

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alleen voor intern/eigen gebruik Publicatie : Filosofie Magazine Regio : Nederland PublicatiePublicatie: Filosofie: Filosofie Magazine Magazine RegioRegio: Nederland: Nederland FilosofieDatum Magazine: 30 jun‘De 2014 politiek wil dePagina bevolking erbuiten houden’: 44 Frequentie : 11x per jaar DatumDatum : 30 jun: 30 2014 jun 2014 PaginaPagina : 44 : 44 FrequentieFrequentie: 11x per: 11x jaar per jaar cm2 : 1.703Florentijn van Rootselaar,Advertentiewaarde publication 30: € June7.109,00 2014 Oplage : 19.613 cm2 cm2 : 1.703: 1.703 AdvertentiewaardeAdvertentiewaarde: € 7.109,00: € 7.109,00 OplageOplage: 19.613: 19.613

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alleen vooralleen intern/eigen voor intern/eigen gebruik gebruik Publicatie : Filosofie Magazine Regio : Nederland Publicatie : Filosofie Magazine Regio : Nederland Datum : 30 jun 2014 Pagina : 44 Frequentie : 11x per jaar Datum : 30 jun 2014 Pagina : 44 Frequentie : 11x per jaar cm2 : 1.703 Advertentiewaarde : € 7.109,00 Oplage : 19.613 cm2 : 1.703 Advertentiewaarde : € 7.109,00 Oplage : 19.613

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alleen voor intern/eigen gebruik alleen voor intern/eigen gebruik Publicatie : Filosofie Magazine Regio : Nederland Datum : 30 jun 2014 Pagina : 44 Frequentie : 11x per jaar cm2 : 1.703 Advertentiewaarde : € 7.109,00 Oplage : 19.613 Communication and Online Presence

The new website of the Praemium Erasmianum Foundation In 2013, the Board of the Foundation decided to switch to an was launched in September 2013. The website is more image- all-digital annual report. This digital annual report includes the oriented and has a modern and fresh look, while maintaining usual sections, such as the full report of the Erasmus Prize the current corporate identity. The digitalized photo archives ceremony, the citation, laudatio and acceptance speech. The of the past five decades have also been made available online. digital annual report can be downloaded from the website and At the same time the Foundation started making use of is available in Dutch and English. Twitter and Facebook. Both are used to expand the visibility of the Foundation through focusing on current activities and the Foundation’s rich history. Thus the Foundation aims to reach a broadly interested group as well as an audience that is specifically interested in the current theme of the Erasmus Prize.

ERASMUSPRIJS (NIETS OVER ERASMUS JAZZ PRIJS!!)40 41

alleen voor intern/eigen gebruik Publications 1958 - 2013

On the occasion of the Erasmus Prize 2013, Uitgeverij BOOM published ‘A Future for Europe’ on Jürgen Habermas’ views on democracy and Europe. This book consists of an interview with Jürgen Habermas by Paul Schnabel, and recent articles by Habermas.

42 43 44 45 Origin and Aim of the Board 2013 Praemium Erasmianum Foundation

On 23 June 1958, His Royal Highness Prince Bernhard His Majesty the King Axel Rüger of the Netherlands founded the Praemium Erasmianum. Patron Director of Van Gogh Museum The aim of the organisation, as described in article 2 of its constitution, is to enhance the position of the Paul Schnabel humanities, the social sciences and the arts and to Martijn Sanders (until December 2013) promote appreciation of these fields within society, Chair Director of Netherlands Institute for Social Research Former director of Het Concertgebouw within the context of the cultural traditions of Europe Henk Scholten in general and the ideas of Erasmus in particular. The Margot Dijkgraaf Director of Lucent Danstheater / Dr Anton Philipszaal emphasis is on tolerance, cultural multiformity and Vice-chair undogmatic critical thinking. Literary critic, director of SPUI25 Ed Spanjaard Conductor The Erasmus Prize consists of €150,000 and Tom de Swaan adornments. The Board consists of leading members Treasurer Frank van Vree of the Dutch cultural, scholarly and business Chairman of the board of Van Lanschot Bankiers Dean, professor of media studies at University of Amsterdam communities. Désanne van Brederode Philosopher, publicist Observers on behalf of His Majesty the King Maxim Drenth Joost Klarenbeek Philosopher of law, publicist Jan Snoek

Naomi Ellemers Professor of social psychology of organisations at Leiden University Max Sparreboom Director Louise O. Fresco Lucia Aalbers Professor of sustainable development, University Professor Secretary at University of Amsterdam Barbara van Santen Assistant secretary Maria Grever Professor of theory and methodology of history at Erasmus University Rotterdam

Bregtje van der Haak The adornments are designed by Bruno Ninaber van ‘diverse are the gifts of men of genius and Political scientist, documentary maker Eyben. The adornments consist of a harmonica folded many are the different kinds of ages. let each Fouad Laroui ribbon with a titanium plate at both ends. In closed one reveal the scope of his competence and let Professor of French and Arabic literature at University of Amsterdam, form it is a booklet; when opened a ribbon with a publicist text in Erasmus’ handwriting. This text taken from a no one be envious of another who in keeping with his own ability and style tries to make a letter to Jean de Carondelet (Basel 5 January 1523) is Rick Lawson characteristic of Erasmus’ thinking: useful contribution to the education of all.’ Dean, professor of European law at Leiden University

Henk van der Meulen (until December 2013) Composer, director of Royal Conservatoire in The Hague

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Photography John Thuring, ANP Ilustration Joseph Semah Stichting Praemium Erasmianum T + 31 20-6752753 Text Stichting Praemium Erasmianum, Jürgen Habermas Jan van Goyenkade 5 E [email protected] Design Barbara van Santen, Reynoud Homan 1075 HN Amsterdam www.erasmusprijs.org