The Cambridge Habermas Lexicon Edited by Amy Allen , Eduardo Mendieta Frontmatter More Information

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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-17202-9 — The Cambridge Habermas Lexicon Edited by Amy Allen , Eduardo Mendieta Frontmatter More Information

THE CAMBRIDGE HABERMAS LEXICON

Over a career spanning nearly seven decades, Jürgen Habermas – one of the most important European philosophers of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries – has produced a prodigious and influential body of work. In this Lexicon, authored by an international team of scholars, over 200 entries define and explain the key concepts, categories, philosophemes, themes, debates, and names associated with the entire constellation of Habermas’s thought. The entries explore the historical, philosophical, and social-theoretic roots of these terms and concepts, as well as their intellectual and disciplinary contexts, to build a broad but detailed picture of the development and trajectory of Habermas as a thinker. The volume will be an invaluable resource for students and scholars of Habermas, as well as for other readers in political philosophy, political science, sociology, international relations, cultural studies, and law.

Amy Allen is Liberal Arts Professor of Philosophy and Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies and Head of the Philosophy Department at Pennsylvania State University. She is the author of three books: The Power of Feminist Theory: Domination, Resistance, Solidarity (1999), The Politics of Our Selves: Power, Autonomy, and Gender in Contemporary Critical Theory (2008), and The End of Progress: Decolonizing the Normative Foundations of Critical Theory (2016).

Eduardo Mendieta is Professor of Philosophy and Afﬁliate Professor in the School of International Affairs at Pennsylvania State University. He is the author of The Adventures of Transcendental Philosophy (2002) and Global Fragments: Globalizations, Latinamericanisms, and Critical Theory (2007).

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-17202-9 — The Cambridge Habermas Lexicon Edited by Amy Allen , Eduardo Mendieta Frontmatter More Information

the cambridge HABERMAS LEXICON

edited by Amy Allen Pennsylvania State University and Eduardo Mendieta Pennsylvania State University

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www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781107172029 doi: 10.1017/9781316771303 © Cambridge University Press 2019 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2019 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Clays Ltd, Elcograf S.p.A. A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data names: Allen, Amy and Mendieta, Eduardo, editors. title: The Cambridge Habermas lexicon / edited by Amy Allen, Pennsylvania State University, Eduardo Mendieta, Pennsylvania State University. description: 1 [edition]. | New York : Cambridge University Press, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references and index. identiﬁers: lccn 2018042068 | isbn 9781107172029 (alk. paper) subjects: lcsh: Habermas, Jürgen – Dictionaries. classiﬁcation: lcc b3258.h323 z85 2018 | ddc 193–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018042068 isbn 978-1-107-17202-9 Hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.

Contents

List of Contributors page xi Preface xxi Chronology of Jürgen Habermas xxiii List of Abbreviations xxix Works by Jürgen Habermas xxxiv

I. TERMS 1 1. Aesthetics Pieter Duvenage 3 2. All-Affected Principle Matthias Fritsch 7 3. Application and Justiﬁcation Rúrion Melo 9 4. Argumentation Maeve Cooke 12 5. Authenticity Alessandro Ferrara 15 6. Autonomy Joel Anderson 18 7. Axial Age (Achsenzeit) Peter E. Gordon 24 8. Civil Disobedience (Ziviler Umgehorsam) Juan Carlos Velasco 27 9. Civil Society (Bürgerliche Gesellschaft) Jean L. Cohen 30 10. Colonization of the Lifeworld Felipe Gonçalves Silva 36 11. Communicative Action Hans-Peter Krüger 40 12. Communicative Competence Amy Allen 47 13. Communicative Freedom Peter Niesen 49 14. Communicative Power Jeffrey Flynn 53 15. Communicative Rationality David Strecker 56 16. Consensus David Ingram 60 17. Conservatism Robert C. Holub 63 18. Constitutional Patriotism Dafydd Huw Rees 66 19. Constitutional State and Constitutionalization Simone Chambers 69 20. Cosmopolitan Citizenship Amos Nascimento 75 21. Counterfactual Presupposition Federica Gregoratto 79 22. Critical Hermeneutics Hans-Herbert Kögler 81 23. Critical Theory Stefan Müller-Doohm 83 24. Deconstruction Matthias Fritsch 90 25. Deliberative Democracy Simone Chambers 94 26. Detranscendentalization Melissa Yates 98 27. Discourse Rúrion Melo 101 28. Discourse Ethics Joseph Heath 104 29. Enlightenment Matthias Lutz-Bachmann 110

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30. Equality Felipe Gonçalves Silva 114 31. Ethics and Morality Adela Cortina and Jesús Conill 117 32. Europe (European Citizenship and Public Sphere) Dafydd Huw Rees 123 33. Facticity Andrew Buchwalter 129 34. Feminism María Pía Lara 132 35. Formal/Universal Pragmatics Barbara Fultner 136 36. The Frankfurt School Stefan Müller-Doohm 142 37. Free Will and Determinism Joel Anderson 146 38. Functional and Social Integration Todd Hedrick 149 39. Functionalist Reason Todd Hedrick 153 40. Genealogy Martin Saar 156 41. Hermeneutics Hans-Herbert Kögler 160 42. Historians’ Debate Robert C. Holub 165 43. Historical Materialism Amy Allen 169 44. Human Nature Lenny Moss 175 45. Human Rights Regina Kreide 179 46. Ideal Speech Situation David Rasmussen 182 47. Ideology Robin Celikates 185 48. Illocutionary Force María Pía Lara 188 49. Immanent Critique Titus Stahl 191 50. Individuation Allison Weir 194 51. Instrumental Reason Melissa Yates 197 52. Intellectual Max Pensky 200 53. Jewish Philosophy Peter E. Gordon 204 54. Juridiﬁcation Daniel Loick 208 55. Justice James Gordon Finlayson 212 56. Knowledge Anthropology (Erkenntnisanthropologie) Amos Nascimento 219 57. Language and the Linguistic Turn Cristina Lafont 225 58. Late Capitalism Albena Azmanova 230 59. Law Hugh Baxter 235 60. Learning Processes David S. Owen 242 61. Legitimation Joseph Heath 245 62. Lifeworld and System Martin Hartmann 250 63. Linguistiﬁcation Maeve Cooke 254 64. Markets Timo Jütten 257 65. Mass Culture Chad Kautzer 260 66. Mass Media Chad Kautzer 263 67. Migrants and Refugees Juan Carlos Velasco 266 68. Modernity and Modernization Alessandro Ferrara 269 69. Moral Development Simon Laumann Jørgensen 275 70. Multiculturalism Lorenzo C. Simpson 279 71. Multiple Modernities Amy Allen 283 72. Naturalism Melissa Yates 285

Contents / vii

73. Nature Steven Vogel 288 74. Performative Self-Contradiction Lasse Thomassen 291 75. Philosophical Anthropology Amos Nascimento 293 76. Philosophy of History Camil Ungureanu 296 77. Philosophy of the Subject/Consciousness Matthias Fritsch 299 78. Popular Sovereignty Kevin Olson 303 79. The Positivism Debate Robert C. Holub 307 80. Postcolonialism/Decoloniality Eduardo Mendieta 310 81. Postliberal Society Chad Kautzer 313 82. Postmetaphysical Thinking Melissa Yates 315 83. Postmodernism and Poststructuralism Daniel Loick 320 84. Postnational Max Pensky 323 85. Power David Strecker 326 86. Practical Reason James Gledhill 332 87. Pragmatic Turn Christopher Voparil 335 88. Pragmatism Colin Koopman 339 89. Praxis David Ingram 342 90. Principle of Self-Reconstruction (Selbsteinholungs Prinzip) Marianna Papastephanou 345 91. Private and Public Autonomy Christopher F. Zurn 348 92. Psychoanalysis Noëlle McAfee 352 93. Public Sphere Eduardo Mendieta 356 94. Race Lorenzo C. Simpson 364 95. Radical Reformism William E. Scheuerman 367 96. Rational Reconstruction Daniel Gaus 369 97. Rationality/Rationalization Isaac Ariail Reed and Abigail Cary Moore 379 98. Recognition Mattias Iser 387 99. Reiﬁcation Timo Jütten 390 100. Religion Eduardo Mendieta 394 101. Ritual and Myth Edmund Arens 400 102. Rule of Law Hugh Baxter 403 103. Secularization/Postsecularism Javier Aguirre 406 104. Semantic Contents María Pía Lara 411 105. Social Evolution David S. Owen 415 106. Social Pathology Christopher F. Zurn 418 107. Socialism/Marxism Raphael Neves 421 108. Society Christopher F. Zurn 423 109. Solidarity Max Pensky 427 110. Speech Act Barbara Fultner 430 111. Strategic Rationality David Ingram 432 112. Subjective/Basic Rights Jeffrey Flynn 435 113. Systematically Distorted Communication Robin Celikates 438 114. Technology Steven Vogel 440

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115. Transitional Justice Raphael Neves 444 116. Truth Barbara Fultner 446 117. Universalization Principle and Discourse Principle William Rehg 450 118. Utopia Loren Goldman 455 119. Validity Andrew Buchwalter 459 120. Validity Claim Joseph Heath 462 121. Vulnerability Joel Anderson 464 122. World Disclosure (Welterschließung) Nikolas Kompridis 467

II. NAMES 473 123. Theodor W. Adorno Stefan Müller-Doohm and Roman Yos 475 124. Karl-Otto Apel Amos Nascimento 479 125. Andrew Arato Albena Azmanova 483 126. Hannah Arendt Peter J. Verovšek 485 127. J. L. Austin Lasse Thomassen 488 128. Robert Bellah Matt Sheedy 490 129. Seyla Benhabib Anna Jurkevics 492 130. Walter Benjamin Max Pensky 495 131. Richard Bernstein Vincent Colapietro 498 132. Ernst Bloch Loren Goldman 500 133. Robert Brandom Joseph Heath 503 134. Hauke Brunkhorst Jeffrey Flynn 506 135. Ernst Cassirer Peter E. Gordon 508 136. Cornelius Castoriadis Michael C. Behrent 511 137. Jean Cohen Amy Allen 513 138. Jacques Derrida Giovanna Borradori 515 139. Émile Durkheim Matt Sheedy 519 140. Enrique Dussel Eduardo Mendieta 522 141. Ronald Dworkin Hugh Baxter 524 142. Alessandro Ferrara David Rasmussen 527 143. Jean-Marc Ferry Michael C. Behrent 529 144. Rainer Forst Jeffrey Flynn 531 145. Michel Foucault Thomas Biebricher 534 146. Nancy Fraser Rocío Zambrana 539 147. Sigmund Freud Amy Allen 542 148. Hans-Georg Gadamer Hans-Herbert Kögler 545 149. Arnold Gehlen Tilo Wesche 548 150. Anthony Giddens Alan Sica 550 151. Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri Giovanna Borradori 553 152. G. W. F. Hegel Andrew Buchwalter 556 153. Martin Heidegger Nikolas Kompridis 562 154. Agnes Heller Katie Terezakis 566 155. Dieter Henrich Tilo Wesche 568 156. Axel Honneth Mattias Iser 570

Contents / ix

157. Max Horkheimer John Abromeit 573 158. Edmund Husserl James Swindal 576 159. Karl Jaspers Stefan Müller-Doohm and Roman Yos 579 160. Hans Jonas Eduardo Mendieta 582 161. Immanuel Kant Matthias Lutz-Bachmann 584 162. Søren Kierkegaard Martin Beck Matuštík 590 163. Otto Kirchheimer Hubertus Buchstein 593 164. Lawrence Kohlberg Simon Laumann Jørgensen 595 165. Karl Löwith Eduardo Mendieta 599 166. Niklas Luhmann Hans-Georg Moeller 601 167. Georg Lukács Todd Hedrick 605 168. Jean-François Lyotard Michael C. Behrent 608 169. Thomas McCarthy William Rehg 610 170. Herbert Marcuse Chad Kautzer 613 171. Karl Marx Albena Azmanova 616 172. George Herbert Mead Robert Danisch 621 173. Johann Baptist Metz Edmund Arens 624 174. Javier Muguerza Juan Carlos Velasco 627 175. Oskar Negt and Alexander Kluge Robert C. Holub 630 176. Franz L. Neumann William E. Scheuerman 632 177. Friedrich Nietzsche Martin Saar 634 178. Claus Offe Martin Hartmann 637 179. Talcott Parsons Alan Sica 639 180. Charles S. Peirce Vincent Colapietro 643 181. Jean Piaget Jerry Wallulis 645 182. Helmuth Plessner Lenny Moss 647 183. Karl Popper Alan Sica 650 184. Hilary Putnam Javier Gil 652 185. David Rasmussen James Swindal 654 186. John Rawls James Gledhill 656 187. Paul Ricoeur Hans-Herbert Kögler 662 188. Richard Rorty Vincent Colapietro 665 189. Erich Rothacker Stefan Müller-Doohm and Roman Yos 667 190. Max Scheler Eric J. Mohr 671 191. Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling Peter Dews 674 192. Carl Schmitt William E. Scheuerman 677 193. Gershom Scholem Peter E. Gordon 680 194. John Searle Titus Stahl 683 195. Peter Sloterdijk Jörg Schaub 685 196. Charles Taylor Hartmut Rosa 688 197. Michael Theunissen Tilo Wesche 693 198. Michael Tomasello Johanna Meehan 696 199. Ernst Tugendhat Santiago Zabala 698 200. Gianni Vattimo Santiago Zabala 700 201. Max Weber Alan Sica 702

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202. Albrecht Wellmer Maeve Cooke 705 203. Raymond Williams Noëlle McAfee 707 204. Ludwig Wittgenstein Nikolas Kompridis 709 205. Iris Marion Young Allison Weir 712

Bibliography 714 Index 752

Contributors

John Abromeit is Assistant Professor of History at SUNY, Buffalo State. He is the author of Max Horkheimer and the Foundations of the Frankfurt School (Cambridge, 2011). Javier Aguirre is Professor of Philosophy at the Universidad Industrial de Santander in Bucaramanga, Colombia. His main area of research is political philosophy of religion. Amy Allen is Liberal Arts Professor of Philosophy and Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies and Head of the Philosophy Department at Pennsylvania State University. She is the author of three books: The Power of Feminist Theory: Domination, Resistance, Solidarity (1999), The Politics of Our Selves: Power, Autonomy, and Gender in Contemporary Critical Theory (2008), and The End of Progress: Decolonizing the Normative Foundations of Critical Theory (2016). Joel Anderson is Associate Professor of Philosophical Anthropology at the Ethics Institute, Utrecht University. He translated Axel Honneth’s The Struggle for Recognition and edited a special issue of Philosophical Explorations entitled “Free Will as Part of Nature: Habermas and His Critics” (March 2007). Edmund Arens is Professor of Fundamental Theology at the University of Lucerne. He has published twenty books on Critical Theory, communication theory, political theology, public theology, and communicative theology. Albena Azmanova is Reader in Political and Social Thought at the University of Kent. Her work ranges from judgment and justice (notably The Scandal of Reason: A Critical Theory of Political Judgment, 2012) to critique of the political economy of contemporary capitalism (where she has been published in a number of academic journals). Hugh Baxter is Professor of Law and Philosophy at Boston University and the author of Habermas: The Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy (2011). Michael C. Behrent teaches European and French History at Appalachian State University. He works on the history of French political thought and has written about the relationship between Michel Foucault and neoliberalism. Thomas Biebricher teaches Philosophy and Political Theory at the Goethe University in Frankfurt. He is the author of Selbstkritik der Moderne: Habermas und Foucault im Vergleich (2005) as well as several articles and book chapters on Habermas, Foucault, and neoliberalism. Giovanna Borradori is Professor of Philosophy and Director of the Media Studies Program at Vassar College. She is a specialist of the intersection between aesthetics and politics. Hubertus Buchstein is Professor of Political Theory and the History of Political Ideas at Greifswald University. His primary research areas are democratic theory, Critical Theory, and the history of political science.

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Andrew Buchwalter is Presidential Professor at the University of North Florida. He is the author of Dialectics, Politics, and the Contemporary Value of Hegel’s Practical Philosophy (2012) and the translator of Habermas’s Observations on “The Spiritual Situation of the Age”: Contemporary German Perspectives (1984). Robin Celikates is Associate Professor of Political and Social Philosophy at the University of Amsterdam. His main areas of interest include Critical Theory and theories of protest and civil disobedience. His most recent publications are Critique as Social Practice (2018) and Sozialphilosophie (2017, coauthored with Rahel Jaeggi). Simone Chambers is Professor of Political Science at the University of California at Irvine. She has written and published on such topics as deliberative democracy, public reason, the public sphere, secularism, rhetoric, civility, and the work of Jürgen Habermas and John Rawls. Jean L. Cohen is Nell and Herbert Singer Professor of Political Theory and Contemporary Civilization at Columbia University. She is the author of many books, including Globalization and Sovereignty and Civil Society and Political Theory (coauthored with A. Arato). Vincent Colapietro is Liberal Arts Research Professor Emeritus of Philosophy and African American Studies at Pennsylvania State University and Professor of the Humanities at the University of Rhode Island. He has published on a wide variety of topics but focuses on American thought, especially the pragmatist movement. Jesús Conill is Professor of Moral and Political Philosophy at the University of Valencia. He is the author of El poder de la mentira (1997), Horizontes de economía ética (2004), and Ética hermenéutica (2006). Maeve Cooke is Professor of Philosophy at University College Dublin and a member of the Royal Irish Academy. She is the author of Language and Reason: A Study of Habermas’s Pragmatics (1994) and Re-Presenting the Good Society (2006), and the editor and translator of Habermas: On the Pragmatics of Communication (1998). Adela Cortina is Professor for Ethics and Political Philosophy at the University of Valencia, Director of the ÉTNOR Foundation, and a member of the Royal Academy of Moral and Political Sciences. She is author of many books, including Ciudadanos del mundo (1997), Ética de la razón cordial (2007), Neuroética y neuropolítica (2011), and Aporofobia, el rechazo al pobre (2017). Robert Danisch is Associate Professor of Speech Communication at the University of Waterloo. He is the author of Building a Social Democracy: The Promise of Rhetorical Pragmatism (2015), and has written extensively about the relationship between pragmatism and rhetoric. Peter Dews is Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at the University of Essex. He has published numerous articles on the Frankfurt School and German Idealism, and is a member of the editorial board of the British Journal for the History of Philosophy. Pieter Duvenage has been Professor and Head of the Department of Philosophy at the University of the Free State in Bloemfontein since 2011. He publishes on a regular basis in three research ﬁelds: Critical Theory, phenomenology, and South African intellectual history.

List of Contributors / xiii

Alessandro Ferrara is Professor of Political Philosophy at the University of Rome “Tor Vergata” and former President of the Italian Association for Political Philosophy. His most recent book is The Democratic Horizon: Hyperpluralism and the Renewal of Political Liberalism (Cambridge, 2014). James Gordon Finlayson is Reader in Philosophy at the University of Sussex, where he is also Director of the Centre for Social and Political Thought. He is the author of numerous articles on Adorno, the Frankfurt School, Habermas, and Rawls, and also of Habermas: A Very Short Introduction (2005). Jeffrey Flynn is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Fordham University. He is the author of Reframing the Intercultural Dialogue on Human Rights (2014), and is currently working on a book provisionally titled “Saving Distant Strangers: An Inquiry Into Humanitarian Sensibility.” Matthias Fritsch is Professor of Philosophy at Concordia University, Montréal. He is the author of The Promise of Memory (2005) and Taking Turns with Earth (2018). Barbara Fultner is Professor of Philosophy and Women’s and Gender Studies at Denison University. She is the editor of Jürgen Habermas: Key Concepts and the translator of Jürgen Habermas’s Truth and Justiﬁcation. Daniel Gaus is a Research Fellow at the Center for Quality Assurance and Development of the Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz. Javier Gil is Associate Professor at the Department of Philosophy, University of Oviedo. His research interests are moral and political philosophy. James Gledhill is Lecturer in Social and Political Philosophy at the University of Amsterdam. His articles on Habermas and Rawls have been published in Social Theory and Practice, Raisons Politiques, Journal of Social Philosophy, Philosophy & Social Criticism, and Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy. Loren Goldman is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Pennsylvania. His work concerns hope and utopia in political thought, with special emphasis on Kant, Western Marxism, and American pragmatism. Peter E. Gordon is Amabel B. James Professor of History at Harvard University and Faculty Afﬁliate in the Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures and in the Department of Philosophy. He is currently coediting The Routledge Companion to the Frankfurt School with Espen Hammer and Axel Honneth.

Federica Gregoratto is Postdoctoral Research Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Philosophy at St. Gall University. She has published a book in Italian on Habermas’s notion of social critique, Il doppio volto della comunicazione (2013).

Martin Hartmann is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Lucerne. He is author of Die Kreativität der Gewohnheit. Grundzüge einer pragmatistischen Demokratietheorie (2003) and Die Praxis des Vertrauens (2011).

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Joseph Heath is Professor in both the Department of Philosophy and the School of Public Policy and Governance at the University of Toronto. He is the author of various scholarly works, including Communication Action and Rational Choice (2001). Todd Hedrick is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Michigan State University. He is the author of Rawls and Habermas: Reason, Pluralism, and the Claims of Political Philosophy (2010) and Reconciliation and Reification: Freedom’s Semblance and Actuality from Hegel to Contemporary Critical Theory (2018). Robert C. Holub is Ohio Eminent Scholar of German and Professor and Chair of the Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures at Ohio State University. His scholarly work focuses on nineteenth- and twentieth-century intellectual, cultural, and literary history, with special interest in Heinrich Heine, German realism, Friedrich Nietzsche, literary and aesthetic theory, Jürgen Habermas, and Vergangenheitsbewältigung (coming to terms with the German past). David Ingram is Professor of Philosophy at Loyola University, Chicago. He is the author of Habermas and the Dialectic of Reason (1987), Critical Theory and Philosophy (1990), and Habermas (2010). In 2018 he published World Crisis and Underdevelopment: A Critical Theory of Poverty, Agency, and Coercion (Cambridge) and The Ethics of Global Development. Mattias Iser is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Binghamton University, State University of New York. His first monograph, Indignation and Progress: Foundations of a Critical Theory of Society, was published in German in 2008 (an updated translation is forthcoming). Simon Laumann Jørgensen is Associate Professor of Political Theory in the Department of Political Science at Aalborg University. He has written on the preconditions and dilemmas for the reproduction of democratic societies through discussions of the theories of Elizabeth Anderson, Jürgen Habermas, G. W. F. Hegel, Axel Honneth, David Miller, Martha Nussbaum, Philip Pettit, and Mark E. Warren. Anna Jurkevics is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of British Columbia. Her work, which is influenced by Critical Theory and the thought of Hannah Arendt, handles the concept and practice of territoriality. Timo Jütten is Senior Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of Essex. He has published widely on Frankfurt School critical theory and on the moral status of markets. He currently works on competition and competitiveness. Chad Kautzer is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Lehigh University. He is the author of Radical Philosophy: An Introduction (2015) and coeditor of Pragmatism, Nation, and Race: Community in the Age of Empire (2009). Hans-Herbert Kögler is Professor of Philosophy at the University of North Florida, Jacksonville, and a regular guest professor of philosophy and cultural studies at Alpen-Adria University, Klagenfurt. Important publications by him include The Power of Dialogue (1999) and most recently Enigma Agency (transcript 2018). Nikolas Kompridis is Research Professor in Philosophy and Political Thought and Director of the Institute for Social Justice at the Australian Catholic University, Sydney. He is the author of

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Critique and Disclosure: Critical Theory between Past and Future and Philosophical Romanticism (both 2006), and The Aesthetic Turn in Political Thought (2014). Colin Koopman is Associate Professor of Philosophy and Director of the New Media and Cultural Graduate Certiﬁcate at the University of Oregon. He is the author of Pragmatism as Transition: Historicity and Hope in James, Dewey, and Rorty (2009) and Genealogy as Critique: Foucault and the Problems of Modernity (2013). Regina Kreide is Professor of Political and Social Theory and the History of Ideas at the Justus Liebig University in Giessen, and one of the directors of the Collaborative Research Center “Dynamics of Security.” In 2018 she published Politics of Security and Global (In-)Justice?. Hans-Peter Krüger is Professor of Political Philosophy and Philosophical Anthropology in the Philosophy Department at the University of Potsdam. His recent books include Gehirn, Verhalten und Zeit. Philosophische Anthropologie als Forschungsrahmen (2010) and Heroismus und Arbeit in der Entstehung der Hegelschen Philosopie (2014). Cristina Lafont is Professor and Chair of the Philosophy Department at Northwestern University. She is the author of The Linguistic Turn in Hermeneutic Philosophy (1999), Heidegger, Language, and World-disclosure (Cambridge, 2000), and Global Governance and Human Rights (2012). María Pía Lara has been Professor of Philosophy at the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (Mexico) since 1983. She received her Ph.D. in Philosophy from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. She is the author of Moral Textures (1998), Narrating Evil (2007), and The Disclosure of Politics (2013). Daniel Loick is Visiting Professor of Critical Social Theory at Goethe University in Frankfurt. Among his publications are four books: Kritik der Souveränität (2012; English translation upcoming as A Critique of Sovereignty), Der Missbrauch des Eigentums (2016), and Anarchismus zur Einführung and Juridismus. Konturen einer kritischen Theorie des Rechts (both 2017). Matthias Lutz-Bachmann has been Professor of Philosophy at the Goethe University in Frankfurt since 1994. His primary areas of research are in the ﬁelds of practical philosophy (in particular ethics and political philosophy and the philosophy of religion), historical philosophy, and philosophy of the Middle Ages. Martin Beck Matuštík is Lincoln Professor of Ethics and Religion and Professor of Philosophy and Religious Studies at Arizona State University. He is the author of seven academic books, and has contributed to edited volumes and journals. His most recent work is a memoir, Out of Silence: Repair across Generations (2015). Noëlle McAfee is Professor of Philosophy and Director of the Psychoanalytic Studies Program at Emory University. She is the editor of the Kettering Review and the author of Habermas, Kristeva, and Citizenship (2000), Julia Kristeva (2003), and Democracy and the Political Unconscious (2008). Johanna Meehan teaches at Grinnell College and is the editor of Feminists Read Habermas: Gendering the Subject of Discourse (1990) as well as the author of articles on Habermas, feminism, psychoanalysis, Honneth, and Arendt.

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Rúrion Melo is Professor of Political Theory in the Department of Political Science at the University of São Paulo. Since 2012 he has been the editor and translator of the Habermas Collection. Eduardo Mendieta is Professor of Philosophy and Affiliate Professor in the School of International Affairs at Pennsylvania State University. He is the author of The Adventures of Transcendental Philosophy (2002) and Global Fragments: Globalizations, Latinamericanisms, and Critical Theory (2007). Hans-Georg Moeller is Professor of Philosophy in the Philosophy and Religious Studies Program at the University of Macau. His research focuses on Chinese and comparative philosophy and on social and political thought. He is the author of The Radical Luhmann, The Moral Fool: A Case for Amorality, and The Philosophy of the Daodejing. Eric J. Mohr is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Saint Vincent College. His dissertation was on the integration of Critical Theory and phenomenology, specifically the thought of Max Scheler. His research interests are ethics, phenomenology, and social philosophy. Abigail Cary Moore is a Ph.D. student in sociology and a Jefferson Fellow at the University of Virginia. Her research interests include social and political theory, culture, and religion and society. Lenny Moss (University of Exeter), a former molecular cell biologist, holds doctorates in Comparative Biochemistry and Philosophy. He is the author of What Genes Can’tDo(2003), and continues to work at the boundary of critical social theory, philosophical anthropology, and philosophical/theoretical biology. Stefan Müller-Doohm studied in Frankfurt under Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer and is now Professor Emeritus of Sociology and Director of the Forschungsstelle Intellektuellensoziologie [Research Centre on the Sociology of Intellectuals] at the University of Oldenburg. Among his more recent publications are Adorno: A Biography (2005) and Habermas: A Biography (2016). Amos Nascimento is Professor of Philosophy, Germanics, and International Studies at the University of Washington, Tacoma and Seattle. His recent publications include the monograph Building Cosmopolitan Communities: A Critical and Multidimensional Approach (2013) and a book edited with Matthias Lutz-Bachmann, Human Dignity: Perspectives from a Critical Theory of Human Rights (2018). Raphael Neves is Professor of Law at the Federal University of São Paulo. His research interests include constitutional law, transitional justice, and deliberative democracy. Peter Niesen is Professor of Political Theory at Hamburg University. Together with Benjamin Herborth he edited Anarchie des kommunikativen Handelns. Jürgen Habermas und die Theorie der internationalen Politik (2007). Kevin Olson is Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Irvine. He is the author of Imagined Sovereignties: The Power of the People and Other Myths of the Modern Age and Reflexive Democracy: Political Equality and the Welfare State, and the editor of Adding Insult to Injury: Nancy Fraser Debates her Critics.

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David S. Owen is Professor and Chairperson of the Philosophy Department at the University of Louisville. His research interests are mainly in Critical Theory, critical philosophy of race, social philosophy, and the philosophy of higher education. Marianna Papastephanou is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Cyprus and Professor II at the University of Oslo. She is the author of books and articles on themes such as the Frankfurt School, modernism versus postmodernism, utopia, political ideals, and political education. Max Pensky is Professor of Philosophy at Binghamton University, State University of New York, where he is also the founding codirector of the Institute for Genocide and Mass Atrocity Prevention. He is coauthor, with Wendy Brown and Peter Gordon, of Authoritarianism: Three Inquiries in Critical Theory (2018). David Rasmussen is Research Professor of Philosophy at Boston College. He is the founder and editor in chief of Philosophy and Social Criticism, and the editor of numerous books, including Reading Habermas (1990) and Handbook of Critical Theory (1996). Isaac Ariail Reed is Associate Professor of Sociology at the University of Virginia. He is the author of Interpretation and Social Knowledge: On the Use of Theory in the Human Sciences and the editor, with Monika Krause and Claudio Benzecry, of Social Theory Now. Dafydd Huw Rees teaches philosophy at Cardiff University. He is currently working with the Coleg Cymraeg Cenedlaethol to develop philosophy teaching and research in Welsh. He is the author of The Postsecular Political Philosophy of Jürgen Habermas (2018). William Rehg is Professor of Philosophy at Saint Louis University, where he has served as Dean of the College of Philosophy and Letters since 2012. He is the author of Insight and Solidarity: The Discourse Ethics of Jürgen Habermas (1994) and Cogent Science in Context: The Science Wars, Argumentation Theory, and Habermas (2009). Hartmut Rosa is Director of the Max Weber Institute at Erfurt University and Chair of Social Theory at Jena University. He is author of the book Social Acceleration. A New Theory of Modernity (2013) and coeditor of the journal Time and Society. Martin Saar is Professor of Social Philosophy at the Goethe Universität, Frankfurt-on-Main. His areas of specialization and teaching are contemporary political and social philosophy and the history of early modern and modern political thought, with a focus on Spinoza, Nietzsche, Marx, Foucault, Critical Theory, poststructuralism, and interdisciplinary research on collective memory, affect, ideology, and power. Jörg Schaub is Lecturer in Philosophy in the School of Philosophy and Art History at the University of Essex. His main research interests are Critical Theory, contemporary social and political philosophy, aesthetics, and G. W. F. Hegel. He is author of the monograph Gerechtigkeit als Versöhnung: John Rawls’ Political Liberalism, and is coeditor of Essex Studies in Contemporary Critical Theory. William E. Scheuerman is Professor of Political Science and International Studies at Indiana University (Bloomington). He has published extensively on Frankfurt School Critical Theory.

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Matt Sheedy lectures in the Department of Religion at the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, and is associate editor of the Bulletin for the Study of Religion. His research interests include critical social theory and theories of secularism as well as representations of Christianity, Islam, and Native traditions in popular and political culture. Alan Sica is Professor of Sociology and the founding director of the Social Thought Program at Pennsylvania State University. He was editor of two American Sociological Association journals, Sociological Theory and Contemporary Sociology. He has published a dozen books, mostly concerning social theory. Felipe Gonçalves Silva is Professor of Social and Political Philosophy at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. He is the translator of the Brazilian edition of Technik und Wissenschaft als Ideologie (2014), and is currently working on a new translation of Faktizität und Geltung. He is also the author of Liberdades em Disputa (2016). Lorenzo C. Simpson, Professor of Philosophy at Stony Brook University, has published in the areas of hermeneutics, Critical Theory, philosophy of science, African American philosophy, and musical aesthetics. He is presently completing a book entitled “Towards a Critical Hermeneutics: Interpretive Interventions in Science, Politics, Race and Culture.” Titus Stahl is Assistant Professor of Social and Political Philosophy at the University of Groningen. He works on Critical Theory, social ontology, and privacy theory, and is the author of Immanent Critique (English translation 2018). David Strecker is Replacement Professor for Political Theory and Philosophy at the University of Frankfurt-on-Main. His books include Logik der Macht: Zum Ort der Kritik zwischen Theorie und Praxis (2012), Jürgen Habermas zur Einführung (2nd edn. 2016, coauthored with Mattias Iser) and Soziologische Theorien (3rd edn. 2018, coauthored with Hartmut Rosa and Andrea Kottmann). James Swindal is Professor of Philosophy and Dean of the McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts at Duquesne University. He specializes in Critical Theory, German Idealism, action theory, and Catholic philosophy. His most recent book is Action and Existence: A Case for Agent Causation (2012). Katie Terezakis is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Rochester Institute of Technology. She has authored numerous articles on elements of later modern philosophy, and is the author of The Immanent Word: The Turn to Language in German Philosophy 1759–1801 (2007). Lasse Thomassen is Senior Lecturer in the School of Politics and International Relations at Queen Mary, University of London. He is the author of Deconstructing Habermas (2007) and Habermas: A Guide for the Perplexed (2010). He works on the category of representation and new forms of radical left politics. Camil Ungureanu is Associate Professor of Political Philosophy and Coordinator of the M.A. in Political Philosophy at the Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona. His research interests are contemporary political philosophy; Critical Theory; religion, law, and politics; and art, politics, and philosophy (with a focus on contemporary cinema and literature). His most recent book is

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Contemporary Political Philosophy and Religion: Between Public Reason and Pluralism (2017, with P. Monti). Juan Carlos Velasco is Senior Tenured Scientist at the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). His main research areas are philosophy of law, ethics and politics, with a special focus on human rights, justice, migration, and democracy. Among his publications are La teoría discursiva del derecho (2000), Habermas. El uso público de la razón (2013), and El azar de las fronteras (2016). Peter J. Verovšek is Lecturer of Politics/International Relations at the University of Shefﬁeld. His book manuscript, “The European Rupture: A Critical Theory of Memory and Integration in the Wake of Total War,” seeks to understand the role collective memories of Europe’s age of total war played in the origins and development of the European Union.

Steven Vogel is John and Christine Warner Professor of Philosophy at Denison University. He is the author of Against Nature: The Concept of Nature in Critical Theory (1996) and Thinking Like a Mall: Environmental Philosophy after the End of Nature (2015). Christopher Voparil is on the Graduate Faculty of Union Institute and University, where he teaches philosophy and political theory. He is author of Richard Rorty: Politics and Vision (2006) as well as of numerous essays on pragmatism, and the coeditor of The Rorty Reader (2010) and Pragmatism and Justice (2017). Jerald Wallulis is Distinguished Professor Emeritus in Philosophy at the University of South Carolina. He is the author of The Hermeneutics of Life History: Personal Achievement and History in Gadamer, Habermas, and Erikson (1991) and The New Insecurity: The End of the Standard Job and Family (1997). Allison Weir is Research Professor in Social and Political Philosophy and Gender Studies and the director of the Doctoral Program in Social and Political Thought at the Institute for Social Justice, Australian Catholic University, Sydney. She is the author of Identities and Freedom and Sacriﬁcial Logics: Feminist Theory and the Critique of Identity. Tilo Wesche is Professor of Ethics, Political, and Social Philosophy at Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg. He has published books on Kierkegaard, Adorno, truth, and value judgment.

Melissa Yates is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Rutgers University in Camden, New Jersey. Her research focuses on whether and how political power can be justiﬁed democratically, drawing largely from the legacies of John Rawls and Jürgen Habermas. Roman Yos works as a freelance lecturer and researcher, primarily in the history of early and mid-twentieth-century German philosophy and political thought.

Santiago Zabala is ICREA Research Professor of Philosophy at the Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona. He is the author of The Hermeneutic Nature of Analytic Philosophy (2008), The Remains of Being (2009), Hermeneutic Communism (2011, coauthored with G. Vattimo), and Why Only Art Can Save Us (2017).

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Rocío Zambrana is Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Oregon. Her work examines conceptions of critique in Kant and German Idealism (especially Hegel), Marx and Frankfurt School Critical Theory, and Decolonial Thought. She is the author of Hegel’s Theory of Intelligibility (2015). Christopher Zurn is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Massachusetts Boston, working on deliberative democratic theories of constitutional democracy and issues in contemporary critical social theory. He is the author of Deliberative Democracy and the Institutions of Judicial Review (Cambridge, 2007) and Axel Honneth: A Critical Theory of the Social (2015).

Preface

The Cambridge Habermas Lexicon is intended to be the “go to,” indispensable, and leading research tool for scholars, students, and general readers interested in the work of Jürgen Habermas. It is without doubt the most up-to-date resource on Habermas’s by now massive oeuvre, which spans nearly seven decades of philosophical and intellectual productivity. The Lexicon also aims to be an important bibliographical resource for those trying to make sense of the impact and reception of Habermas’s thought in twentieth- and early twenty-first-century European, North Atlantic, and global contexts. The editors are particularly honored and proud to include some of the top Habermas scholars from across the world. Habermas’s work has had a global reception, and the Lexicon aims to reflect this fact. Habermas’s thought has revolutionized our philosophical, social-theoretical, and, most importantly, modern political vocabulary. He has fashioned new philosophical, sociological, political, legal, and moral concepts, which have enabled us to understand differently what it means to be moral agents, citizens, speakers, gendered, racialized, modern, and postsecular subjects. As a Lexicon, this book is meant first and foremost to give readers a synoptic, comprehensive, historical, and conceptual understanding of Habermas’s key concepts. It thus aims to archive, survey, and elucidate the grammar of Habermas’s transformative language; a language that the editors and contributors of this volume think has become part of our lingua franca. Entries range from the most pivotal and well known of Habermas’s keywords – such as “public sphere,”“communicative rationality,”“deliberative democracy,”“discourse ethics,” “critical hermeneutics,”“Frankfurt School,” and “Critical Theory”–to some less obvious, possibly even obscure ones – such as “all-affected rule,”“civil disobedience,”“knowledge anthropology,”“postcolonial/decolonial,”“principle of self-reconstruction” (Selbsteinholungs prinzip), “counterfactual presupposition,”“race,” and many others that are also key to Habermas’s vocabulary but which are often neglected or missed. The Lexicon also includes eighty-one entries on those figures who are central to Habermas’s intellectual development, production, and/or reception. First, there are those who influenced his philosophical development, such as his primary philosophical influences and his teachers and university colleagues and cohorts. Second, there are contemporary philosophers who served as important interlocutors for the articulation and defense of his ideas. Third, there are thinkers who have been deeply influenced by Habermas and further developed his core ideas. And fourth, there are thinkers who have taken up Habermas’s work in surprising and generative directions. Among entries, readers will find not only expected names – Kant, Hegel, Marx, Weber, Wittgenstein, Heidegger, Adorno, Horkheimer, Apel, Foucault, Arato, Cohen, Benhabib, and Fraser – but also some figures not often associated with Habermas, such as Dussel, Gehlen, Jonas, Löwith, Plessner, Rothacker, and Tomasello. Each entry aims to present the concept, figure, or philosopheme in question in a language that is thoroughly researched yet jargon-free, lucid, and comprehensive. In some cases, entries trace the development of terms or concepts that were eventually abandoned. In those dealing with figures, the goal is to chart clear lines of influence, relevance, impact, and generative

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developments that show both the rich background of Habermas’s own intellectual trajectory and the profound direct and not-so-direct influence he has had on a great number of thinkers. Within each entry, the reader will find definitions, structures, genealogies, and descriptions of key concepts and figures based on Habermas’s works, a list of abbreviations of which can be found at the front of the volume. By consulting each entry, the reader will be able to identify which of Habermas’s texts is/are most directly relevant to the term under study, and in this way can be directed to Habermas’s works for further research. For readers who want to learn more about the topic or figure under discussion, each entry is followed by an indispensable and immediately relevant Suggested Reading list of secondary texts that will provide additional information, the full details of which are located in the Bibliography at the end of the book. Evidently, this book is not meant to be read sequentially, from cover to cover. Instead, it is meant to guide the reader and researcher across key words and figures in lines of dependence, influence, correlation, and relevance. To this end, at the end of each entry there is a list of other key words or names that intersect with the term under consideration. And finally, at the end of the volume there is an index (of key words and names) that aims to be as comprehensive as possible. Through these three systems of cross-referencing readers will be able to develop a synoptic and deep overview of Habermas’s thinking. The Bibliography does not cover the entirety of the extensive secondary literature on Habermas’s work, but does give some indication of Habermas’s substantial impact on the humanities and social sciences. Lastly, we provide a Chronology of Jürgen Habermas, which was compiled with the generous input of Professor Habermas himself while also drawing on the following biographies and introductory works: Hauke Brunkhorst (2006), Mattias Iser and David Strecker (2012), Martin Matuštík (2001), and Stefan Müller-Doohm (2016a). We would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge the incredible work that our two graduate research assistants, Benjamin Randolph and Emma Velez, have done to make the Lexicon possible. Both have been superlative: absolutely dependable, extremely hard working, thoroughly organized, and unflappably good natured throughout a long and complex process. We also have to thank our editor at Cambridge University Press, Hilary Gaskin, who enthu- siastically embraced the project, and who has been a most attentive and conscientious editor. In the speech Habermas delivered on the occasion of his acceptance of the Kyoto Prize in 2004, one of his most autobiographical and moving texts, he remarked that the conceptual triad of “public sphere,”“discourse,” and “reason” have dominated his scholarly and public life. Indeed, Habermas has not only been the supreme philosopher of communicative reason, but also a generous and solicitous practitioner of reciprocal, engaged, responsive discourse. His scholarly and public interventions have had their own communicative effects. Like no one else, Habermas has modeled how the public use of reason generates an enlightened and enlightening reason. It is in this spirit that we hope the Lexicon will have its own communicative power.

Chronology of Jürgen Habermas

1929 Friedrich Ernst Jürgen Habermas, the second of the three children of Grete and Ernst Habermas, is born in Düsseldorf on 18 June. Childhood and youth in Gummersbach (Oberbergisches Land), where he attends primary and secondary school. 1949–54 Completes ﬁnal exams (Abitur) at the end of secondary school, and begins to study philosophy, psychology, German literature, history, and economics in Göttingen. Studies for one term in Zurich. From winter term 1950/51 continues and completes his studies in Bonn. Friendship with Karl-Otto Apel, Wilfried Berghahn, and Günther Rohrbach. 1954 Completes his doctorate under the supervision of Erich Rothacker with a thesis entitled “Das Absolute und die Geschichte: Von der Zwiespaltigkeit in Schellings Denken” [The absolute and history: On the ambivalence in Schelling’s thought]. 1954–6 Works as a freelance journalist for various daily and weekly newspapers and cultural journals. Grant from the German Research Association. July 1955: Marries Ute Wesselhoeft. 1956–9 Assistant at the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt am Main. First encounter with Theodor Adorno and his wife Gretel, as well as with Ludwig von Friedeburg. Involvement in various empirical research projects, for instance Student und Politik [Students and politics]. 1956: Birth of son Tilmann. 1959–61 Grant from the German Research Foundation for Habilitation. Hands in notice at the Institute for Social Research and works on habilitation, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, with Wolfgang Abendroth in Marburg. July 1959: Birth of daughter Rebekka. 1961–4 Becomes extraordinary professor of philosophy at the University of Heidelberg. Meets Hans-Georg Gadamer, Karl Löwith, and Alexander and Margarete Mitscherlich. “Positivist dispute”: controversy over the logic of the social sciences with Karl Popper and Hans Albert. 1963 Publication of Theorie und Praxis: Sozialphilosophische Studien [Theory and practice: studies in social philosophy]. 1964 Succeeds Max Horkheimer as full professor of philosophy and sociology at the University of Frankfurt am Main in the summer term. 1965 First study visit to the USA, where he meets Leo Löwenthal, Siegfried Kracauer, and Herbert Marcuse. 1967 Birth of daughter Judith. Autumn: Visiting professor at the New School for Social Research in New York (Theodor Heuss Chair). After that, numerous visiting professorships at Wesleyan University, University of California

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(Berkeley and Santa Barbara), Northwestern University, and Collège de France (Paris), among others. 1968 In lectures and articles, promotes a fundamental democratization of German universities. Engages in debates with representatives of the student movement. Publication of Technik und Wissenschaft als “Ideologie” [Science and technology as “ideology”] and Knowledge and Human Interests. 1969 Publication of Protestbewegung und Hochschulreform [Protest movement and reform of the university]. 1970 February–March: Delivers the Christian Gauss Lectures at Princeton University under the title “Vorlesungen zu einer sprachtheoretischen Grundlegung der Soziologie” (published in English in 2001: “Reflections on the Linguistic Foundation of Sociology,” in On the Pragmatics of Social Interaction: Preliminary Studies in the Theory of Communicative Action). 1971 Debates with Niklas Luhmann on systems theory and critical social theory. From October: Director at the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Living Conditions in the Scientific and Technical World. 1972 July: Presents a paper at the symposium in honor of Walter Benjamin: “Consciousness-Raising or Rescuing Critique – The Actuality of Walter Benjamin.” October: The family moves into their new home in Starnberg. 1973 February: Publication of Legitimation Crisis. November: The philosophical faculty of the University of Munich rejects Habermas’s application for an honorary professorship. 1974 Receives Hegel Prize of the city of Stuttgart. 1975 Honorary philosophy professorship at the University of Frankfurt am Main. 1976 Publication of Zur Rekonstruktion des Historischen Materialismus [On the reconstruction of historical materialism]. 1977 Disputes over terrorism and state of national emergency. December: First visit to Israel, on the occasion of Gershom Sholem’s eightieth birthday. 1980 January–April: Visiting professor at Berkeley. 11 September: Receives the Theodor W. Adorno Prize of the city of Frankfurt am Main. Honorary doctorate from the New School for Social Research in New York. 1981 Spring: Resigns as director at the Max Planck Institute in Starnberg. Publication of The Theory of Communicative Action. From October: Professor of philosophy, in particular social philosophy and philosophy of history, at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt am Main. Series on “Theorie der Modernitat” [Theory of modernity]. Becomes a member of the German Academy for Language and Literature. 1985 Publication of Die neue Unübersichtlichkeit [The new obscurity] and The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity. Receives Hans and Sophie Scholl Prize of the city of Munich and the Wilhelm Leuschner medal of the state of Hesse. 1986 “Historians’ debate”: controversy over the question of the uniqueness of the Holocaust. Leibniz Prize of the German Research Association. Research projects on legal theory with financial support from the Leibniz program. 1987 Publication of Eine Art Schadensabwicklung [A kind of settlement of damages]. Sonning Prize of Copenhagen University.

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1988 February: Publication of Postmetaphysical Thinking. September: Howison Lectures at the University of California, Berkeley. Paper at the congress “The Contemporary German Mind” at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. Paper at the 18th World Congress of Philosophy in Brighton, England, on “Individuation through Socialization.” 1989 Honorary doctorate from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Festschrift on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday: Zwischenbetrachtungen im Prozeß der Aufklarung. Several lectures at the Law School of New York University. Publication of Die nachholende Revolution [The belated revolution]. Debate over German unification. 1990 April: Wittgenstein Conference in Frankfurt am Main. 1991 March: Publication of Justification and Application: Remarks on Discourse Ethics. 1992 Publication of Between Facts and Norms. 1994 22 September: Official retirement. Made “permanent visiting professor” at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois. 1995 Karl Jaspers Prize of the city of Heidelberg. Honorary doctorate from the University of Tel Aviv. 1996 Publication of The Inclusion of the Other: Studies in Political Theory. May: Goes on a lecture tour in Hong Kong and South Korea. Lecture at the Korean Society of Philosophy, Seoul, on “Konzeption der Moderne: Ein Riickblick auf zwei Traditionen” [The conception of modernity: looking back at two traditions]. 1998 Debate over cloning, genetic engineering, and freedom of the will. Publication of The Postnational Constellation. May: Lecture tour in Egypt. June: Paper at the Cultural Forum of the SPD, discussion with Chancellor Gerhard Schröder. September: Paper at the Congress of Sociology in Freiburg, organized jointly by the Swiss, Austrian, and German associations. Habermas’s contribution titled “Nach dreißg Jahren: Bemerkungen zu Erkenntnis und Interesse” [Thirty years on: remarks on Knowledge and Human Interests]. 1999 Theodor Heuss Prize in Stuttgart. Publication of Truth and Justification. Debates over the war in Kosovo and over genetic engineering. July: Interdisciplinary symposium on “Die Öffentlichkeit der Vernunft und die Vernunft der Öffentlichkeit” [The public sphere of reason and the reason of the public sphere] at the Goethe University on the occasion of Habermas’s seventieth birthday. Receives Hesse’s Cultural Prize. 2000 Resident visitor at the Law School of New York University. June: Visits Iran for a week. 2001 April: Visit to China. Lectures at the universities of Beijing and Shanghai and at the Academy of Social Science. Debate over the public use of religion. October: “Faith and Knowledge,” acceptance speech upon receiving the Peace Prize of the German Publishers and Booksellers Association. 2002 June: Visit to Iran, where he delivers a lecture on “Sakularisierung in der postsakularen Gesellschaft” [Secularization in a postsecular society] at Tehran University. Lecture at the European University Viadrina in

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Frankfurt an der Oder on “Religious Tolerance as Pacemaker for Cultural Rights.” 2003 Publicly criticizes the Iraq War and unilateral US hegemony. October: Prince of Asturias Award in Orviedo. September: Paper at the Adorno Conference in Frankfurt am Main: “‘I Myself am Part of Nature’–Adorno on the Intrication of Reason in Nature: Reflections on the Relation between Freedom and Unavailability.” 2004 Beginning of debates over naturalism and freedom. January: Paper and discussion, jointly with Cardinal Ratzinger, at the Catholic Academy in Munich. May: Publication of The Divided West. November: Kyoto Prize of the Inamori Foundation, where he gives a speech on “Public Space and Political Sphere – The Biographical Roots of Two Motifs in my Thought.” 2005 Publication of Between Naturalism and Religion. November: Awarded the Holberg Prize in Bergen. Acceptance speech on “Religion in the Public Sphere.” 2006–7 March: Awarded the Bruno Kreisky Prize in Vienna. November: State Prize of North Rhine-Westphalia. December: Speech at the Bielefelder Stadthalle: “Wer kann wen umarmen: Konsenssuche im Streit: Lobrede auf Ronald Dworkin, den Philosophen, Polemiker und Burger” [Who can take whom in his arms: speech in honor of Ronald Dworkin, the philosopher, polemicist and citizen]. 2008 Publication of Europe: The Faltering Project. March: Lectures at the Nexus Institute in Tilburg, the Netherlands, and at the University of Aarhus on the theme of “The Post-Secular Society: What Does it Mean?” September: Made honorary member of the German Society for Philosophy and gives an address at the 21st German Congress for Philosophy on the topic of “Von den Weltbildern zur Lebenswelt” [From world pictures to the lifeworld]. 2009 February: Publication of Philosophische Texte: Studienausgabe in fünf Banden [Philosophical texts: collected edition in five volumes]. May: Conference on “Auslaufmodell Demokratie? Problem und Moglichkeiten demokratischer Selbstbestimmung in der postnationalen Konstellation” [Democracy – a model to be discontinued? Problems and possibilities of democratic self- determination within the postnational constellation] at the University of Zurich on the occasion of Habermas’s eightieth birthday. June: “… die Lava des Gedankens im Fluss” [The lava of thought in flow], a display of Habermas’s work at the German National Library in Frankfurt marking his eightieth birthday. October: Conference on “Rethinking Socialism” in New York. Meets for a public dialogue with Judith Butler, Charles Taylor, and Cornel West to debate “The Power of Religion in the Public Sphere.” A seminar with international scholars is hosted by the Institute for Public Knowledge, Social Science Research Council, New York University and Stony Brook, to discuss “Habermas and Religion.” November: Lecture at the UNESCO conference on “Philosophy in the Dialogue of Cultures” in Moscow.

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2010 Numerous articles on the danger of a failure of the European project. September: Publication of The Crisis of the European Union: A Response. 2011 April: Lecture at the European Council on Foreign Relations, Berlin, titled “Ein Pakt für oder gegen Europa?” [A pact for or against Europe?]. September: Lecture at the 22nd Congress for Philosophy on “Über die Verkörperung von Gründen” [On the embodiment of reasons]. November: Lecture at the University Paris Descartes on “The Crisis of the European Union in the Light of a Constitutionalization of International Law.” 2012 March: Conference at the University of Wuppertal on “Habermas und der historische Materialismus” [Habermas and historical materialism]. May: Travels to Israel to deliver the first annual Buber Memorial Lecture on “A Philosophy of Dialogue.” June: Publication of Nachmetaphysisches Denken II [Postmetaphysical thinking II]. 2013 September: Publication of The Lure of Technocracy, the twelfth and last volume of the Kleine Politische Schriften [Short political writings]. November: Awarded the Erasmus Prize of the Praemium Erasmianum Foundation for services to Europe. 2014 February: Paper at the meeting of the SPD in Potsdam, titled “‘In Favor of a Strong Europe.’ What Does This Mean?” 2014 “Schlusswort” [Closing words], in Smail Rapic, ed., Habermas und der Historische Materialismus [Habermas and historical materialism] (a collection of papers from a conference held at the University of Wuppertal, March 23– 25, 2012). 2015 Translation of The Lure of Technocracy published with a preface to the English edition and an additional essay titled “European Citizens and European Nations: The Problem of Transnationalizing Democracy,” based on lectures delivered at Princeton University and Boston. Awarded the John W. Kluge Prize from the Library of Congress. (The citation by Librarian of Congress James H. Billington reads: “Jürgen Habermas is a scholar whose impact cannot be overestimated. In both his magisterial works of theoretical analysis and his influential contributions to social criticism and public debate, he has repeatedly shown that Enlightenment values of justice and freedom, if transmitted through cultures of open communication and dialogue, can sustain social and political systems even through periods of significant transformation.”) September: Takes part in roundtable conversation with Charles Taylor and José Casanova on “Globalization, Religion, and the Secular” at the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace and World Affairs, Georgetown University. 2016 Interview: “Für eine demokratische Polarisierung,” Blätter für deutsche und internationale Politik 11: 35–42; “For a Democratic Polarisation: How To Pull the Ground From Under Right-wing Populism,” Social Europe 17. Signs “Manifesto in Defense of the Democratic Rule of Law in Brazil,” published in GGN, O Jornal de Todos os Brasis, June 20 (together with Charles Taylor, Axel Honneth, Rainer Forst, Nancy Fraser, Amy Allen, Martin Seel, and others). Interview: “Kommunikative Vernunft,” Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 64, no. 5.

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2017 Discussion with Sigmar and Emmanuel Macron, Berlin, March 16, published as “Europa neu denken,” Blätter für deutsche und internationale Politik, April: 41–54; “Rethinking Europe,” Eurozine, April 20. “Why The Necessary Cooperation Does Not Happen,” Social Europe, March 20. Discussion with Richard Bernstein on “The Resurgence of Pragmatism” at the Catholic Academy in Bavaria, Munich, March 21. Signs “Letter of Concern and Support Regarding the Cluster of Excellence ‘Normative Ordnungen’ of the University of Frankfurt,” November 14 (together with Seyla Benhabib, Charles Larmore, Nancy Fraser, Robert Gooding-Williams, David Held, Jane Mansbridge, Jeff McMahan, Philip Pettit, Thomas Scanlon, Charles Taylor, and others). 2018 Receives the German-French Journalists Prize (Deutsch-Franzüsischen Journalistenpreis). At the ceremony, July 4, Habermas delivers the speech: “Are we still Good Europeans?” which was published in Die Zeit 28, July 5. Publication in English of Philosophical Introductions: Five Approaches to Communicative Reason, which is made up of the five introductions that accom- panied the five-volume selection of Habermas’s most important essays, Philosophische Texte: Studienausgabe in fünf Bände [Philosophical texts: study edition in five volumes] (2009), published on the occasion of his 80th birthday.

Abbreviations

The following abbreviations are used for frequently cited works by Jürgen Habermas. Full bibliographical details can be found in the Works by Jürgen Habermas that follows. Dates in square brackets are the dates of publication in English.

AEF Arbeit, Erkenntnis, Fortschritt. Aufsätze 1954–1970 (1970a) AGZ Das Absolute und die Geschichte von der Zwiespältigkeit in Schellings Denken (1954) AH “After Historicism, Is Metaphysics Still Possible? On Hans-Georg Gadamer’s 100th Birthday” (2004a) AK Adorno-Konferenz 1983 (1983) AS Autonomy and Solidarity: Interviews with Jürgen Habermas (1986a) ASA Eine Art Schadensabwicklung: Kleine Politische Schriften VI (1987a) ATSD “The Analytical Theory of Science and Dialectics” (1976a) AW “America and the World” (2004b) AWM An Awareness of What Is Missing (2008 [2010]) BFN Between Facts and Norms (1992 [1998a]) BGS “Begegnungen mit Gershom Scholem” (2008a) BMZF “Es beginnt mit dem Zeigeﬁnger” (2009a) BNR Between Naturalism and Religion (2005 [2008b]) BR A Berlin Republic: Writings on Germany (1997a) CCM “On the Cognitive Content of Morality” (1996a) CD “Civil Disobedience: Litmus Test for the Democratic Constitutional State” (1986b[1983]) CDPR “Concluding Discussion” (2011a) CDPU “Constitutional Democracy: A Paradoxical Union of Contradictory Principles?” (2001a) CDS “Comeback der deutschen Soziologie” (1955a) CER “Core Europe to the Rescue: A Conversation with Jürgen Habermas” (2016a) CES Communication and the Evolution of Society (1976 [1979a]) CEU The Crisis of the European Union (2011 [2012a]) CF “Communicative Freedom and Negative Theology” (1995a) CHD “The Concept of Human Dignity and the Realistic Utopia of Human Rights” (2010a) CR “Concluding Remarks” (1992a) DNU Die Neue Unübersichtlichkeit (1985b) DTM “Dialectical Idealism in Transition to Materialism” (1963 [2004c]) DS Dialectics of Secularization (2005 [2006]) DP “For a Democratic Polarization” (2016b) DW The Divided West (2004 [2007a]) EDA “Einführung in den Abend” (2004d)

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EDI Die Entwicklung des Ich (1977) EFK Essay on Faith and Knowledge (n.d.) EFP Europe: The Faltering Project (2008 [2009b]) EsI “Europa und seine Immigranten” (2008c) FF “February 15, or, What Binds Europeans Together” (2005) FHN The Future of Human Nature (2001 [2003a]) FKH “From Kant to Hegel: On Robert Brandom’s Pragmatic Philosophy of Language” (2000a) FWL “From Worldviews to the Lifeworld” (n.d.) FRPS “Further Reflections on the Public Sphere” GBTB “Geburtstagsbrief an einen alten Freund und Kollegen” (2016c) GJH “On the German-Jewish Heritage” (1980c) GNMD Zur Genealogie nachmetaphysischen Denken (2017 manuscript) HACP “Hannah Arendt’s Communications Concept of Power” (1977a) HBCT “Hauke Brunkhorst’s Critical Theory of Legal Revolutions” (2014a) HCU “The Hermeneutic Claim to Universality” (1980a) HE “History and Evolution” (1976 [1979b]) HMCE “Herbert Marcuse: Critical Educator for a New Generation” (2013a) HP “Taking Aim at the Heart of the Present: On Foucault’s Lecture on Kant’s ‘What is Enlightenment?’” (1994b) HREQ “How to Respond to the Ethical Question” (2006a) ICLI “Intentions, Conventions, and Linguistic Interactions” (1976 [2001b]) IO The Inclusion of the Other (1996 [1998b]) ISS “Interpretive Social Science vs. Hermeneuticism” (1983a) IZFS “The Inimitable Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung” (1980b) JA Justification and Application [1993a] JS “Justice and Solidarity” (1990a) KGP Verrufener Fortschritt-Verkanntes Jahrhundert: Zur Kritik an der Geschichtsphilosophie (1960) KHI Knowledge and Human Interests (1968 [1971a]) KHIP “Knowledge and Human Interests: A General Perspective” (1998c) KK Kultur und Kritik. Verstreute Aufsätze (1973a) KPS1 Kleine Politsche Schriften (i–iv)(1981) KRP “Kommunikative Rationalität und grenzüberschreitende Politik” (2007b) KV Kritik der Vernunft (2009) KVI “Kommunikative Vernunft” (2016d) LBD “Learning By Disaster: A Diagnostic Look Back on the Short Twentieth Century” (1998d) LC Legitimation Crisis (1973 [1975]) LD “On Law and Disagreement: Some Comments on ‘Interpretive Pluralism’” (2003b) LF “A Last Farewell: Derrida’s Enlightening Impact” (2004 [2006b]) LFS “Reflections on the Linguistic Foundations of Sociology” (1971b) LGFW “The Language Game of Responsible Agency and the Problem of Free Will: How Can Epistemic Dualism Be Reconciled with Ontological Monism?” (2007c)

List of Abbreviations / xxxi

LL “Leadership and Leitkultur” (2010b) LM “Law and Morality” (1988a) LMT “Laudatio für Michael Thomasello” (2009c) LNP “Lecture Notes on Plessner” (1988b) LPS The Liberating Power of Symbols (1997 [2001c]) LSS On the Logic of the Social Sciences (1967 [1988c]) LSW Zur Logik der Sozialwissenschaften (1967) LT The Lure of Technocracy (2015 [2013]) MBKH Moral Bewusstsein und Kommunikatives Handeln (1983) MCCA Moral Consciousness and Communicative Action (1983 [1990b]) ME “The Moral and the Ethical: A Reconsideration of the Issue of the Priority of the Right over the Good” (2004e) MH “Martin Heidegger: On the Publication of Lectures from the Year 1935” (1977b) MLS “Multiculturalism and the Liberal State” (1995b) MR “Myth and Ritual” (2012c) MUP “Modernity: An Unfinished Project” (1997b) NC The New Conservatism (1985/1987 [1989a]) NDJ Nach dreißig Jahren (2000b) NM Nachmetaphysiches Denken II: Aufsätze und Repliken (2012b) NO “The New Obscurity: The Crisis of the Welfare State and the Exhaustion of Utopian Energies” (1986d) NPSS “Notes on a Post-Secular Society” (2008d) OPC On the Pragmatics of Communication (1998e) PBH Protestbewegung und Hochschulreform (1969) PBKJ “Philosophie, Besprechung von Karl Jaspers: Philosophie 3.Auflage” (1956) PBR “A Positivistically Bisected Rationalism: A Reply to a Pamphlet” (1976b) PC The Postnational Constellation (1998 [2001e]) PCIL “Plea for a Constitutionalization of International Law” (2014b) PCMS “Political Communication in Media Society” (2006c) PCR “Postscript: Some Concluding Remarks” (2002a) PDM The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity (1985 [1990d]) PF The Past as Future (1993 [1994a]) PH Protestbewegung und Hochschulreform (1969) PMT Postmetaphysical Thinking (1988 [1992b]) PMTII Postmetaphysical Thinking II (2012b[2017]) PPP1 Philosophical-Political Profiles (1981 [1983c]) PPP2 Philosophisch-politische Profile (1987b) PRM “‘The Political’: The Rational Meaning of a Questionable Inheritance of Political Theology” (2011b) PS-E “Public Sphere: An Encyclopedia Article” (1974a[1964]) PSI On the Pragmatics of Social Interaction (1984 [2001d]) PSPPS “Public Space and the Political Public Sphere: The Biographical Roots of Two Motifs in My Thought” (2004f) PSWS “A Postsecular World Society? On the Philosophical Significance of Postsecular Consciousness and the Multicultural World Society” (2010c)

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PT Philosophische Texte: Studienausgabe in fünf Bänden (2009d) QCQ “Questions and Counterquestions” (1985d) RCA “A Reply” (1991a[1986]) RDH “Remarks on the Development of Horkheimer’s Work” (1993b) RMC1 “A Reply to My Critics” (1982) RMC2 “Reply to My Critics” (2011c) RMC3 “Reply to My Critics” (2013) RPS “Religion in the Public Sphere” (2006d) RPT “Richard Rorty’s Pragmatic Turn” (2000c) RR Religion and Rationality (2002b) RRS “Psychic Thermidor and the Rebirth of Rebellious Subjectivity” (1980d) RS “Reply to Skjei” (1985e) RSCS “Reply to Schroeder, Clarke, Searle, and Quante” (2007d) RSP “Reply to Symposium Participants, Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law” (1996b) RTM “Review of Truth and Method” (1990e) RUPR “Reconciliation Through the Use of Public Reason” (1995c) RUS “Resentment of US Policies is Growing” (2002c) SDC “On Systematically Distorted Communication” (1970b) SFD “Sovereignty and the Führerdemokratie” (1986e) SI “On Social Identity” (1974b) SN “Der Soziologen-Nachwuchs stellt sich vor. Zu einem Treffen in Hamburg unter der Leitung von Professor Schelsky” (1955b) SP Student und Politik: eine soziologische Untersuchung zum politischen Bewusstsein Frankfurter Studenten (1961) SSA Observations on “The Spiritual Situation of the Age”: Contemporary German Perspectives (1977 [1984a]) SRCS “Struggles for Recognition in Constitutional States” (1993c) STPS The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere (1962 [1989b]) SWO Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit (1990f [rev. edn.]) TAH “Thinking With Heidegger Against Heidegger” (1953 [1991c]) TCA The Theory of Communicative Action, 2 volumes (1981 [1984/1987]) TCC “Towards a Theory of Communicative Competence” (1970d) TFW “Transcendence from Within, Transcendence in this World” (1992c) TG Theorie der Gesellschaft oder Sozialtechnologie – Was leistet die Systemforschung? (1971) TJ Truth and Justiﬁcation (1999 [2003c]) TK Texte und Kontexte (1991b) TP Theory and Practice (1971 [1973b]) TPHM “Theory and Politics: A Discussion with Herbert Marcuse” (1979) TPS “The Public Sphere: An Encyclopedia Article” (1974a) TRS Toward a Rational Society [1970] TT Time of Transitions [2006] VEKH Vorstudien und Ergänzungen zur Theorie des Kommunikativen Handelns (1984b) WGFS “Drei Thesen zur Wirkungsgeschichte der Frankfurter Schule” (1986b)

List of Abbreviations / xxxiii

WSM “What Does Socialism Mean Today?” (1990g) WT “Wahrheitstheorien” (2009e) ZD Zeitdiagnosen (2003d) ZDB “Die Zeit hatte einen doppelten Boden. Theodor W. Adorno in den fünfziger Jahren. Eine persönliche Notiz” (2007e) ZNR Zwischen Naturalismus und Religion (2005)

Works by Jürgen Habermas

Most of Habermas’s writings are available in English, and references in this volume are to English translations where available. German publication information has been included here in square brackets. Occasionally, the contents of a collection of essays varies slightly from the German original; a few collections are drawn from multiple sources and therefore do not correspond to any German editions.

Habermas, J. 1954. Das Absolute und die Geschichte von der Zwiespältigkeit in Schellings Denken. Bonn: H. Bouvier. Habermas, J. 1955a. “Comeback der deutschen Soziologie,” Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, July 23. Habermas, J. 1955b. “Der Soziologen-Nachwuchs stellt sich vor. Zu einem Treffen in Hamburg unter der Leitung von Professor Schelsky,” Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, June 13: 10. Habermas, J. 1956. “Philosophie, Besprechung von Karl Jaspers: Philosophie 3.Auﬂage,” Deutsche Universitätszeitung, 23–24: 29. Habermas, J. 1960. Verrufener Fortschritt-Verkanntes Jahrhundert: Zur Kritik an der Geschichtsphilosophie, Merkur, Jg XIV. Habermas J. 1961. Student und Politik: eine soziologische Untersuchung zum politischen Bewusstsein Frankfurter Studenten. Neuwied am Rhein: Luchterhand. Habermas, J. 1963. “Dialektischer Idealismus im Übergang zum Materialismus: Geschichtsphilosophische Folgerungen aus Schellings Idee einer Contraction Gottes,” in Theorie und Praxis; Sozialphilosophische Studien. Neuwied am Rhein: Luchterhand. Habermas, J. 1969. Protestbewegung und Hochschulreform. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 1970a. Arbeit, Erkenntnis, Fortschritt. Aufsätze 1954–1970. Amsterdam: de Munter. Habermas, J. 1970b. “On Systematically Distorted Communication,” Inquiry 13: 205–18. Habermas, J. 1970c. Toward a Rational Society; Student Protest, Science, and Politics, trans. J. Shapiro. Boston, MA: Beacon Press [from Technik und Wissenschaft als “Ideologie” (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1968) and Protestbewegung und Hochschulreform (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1958)]. Habermas, J. 1970d. “Towards a Theory of Communicative Competence,” Inquiry 13: 360–75. Habermas, J. 1971a. Knowledge and Human Interests, trans. J. Shapiro. Boston, MA: Beacon Press [Erkenntnis und Interesse (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1968)]. Habermas, J. 1971b. “Reﬂections on the Linguistic Foundation of Sociology: The Christian Gauss Lecture.” Princeton University, February–March. Habermas, J. 1973a. Kultur und Kritik. Verstreute Aufsätze. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 1973b. Theory and Practice, trans. J. Viertel. Boston, MA: Beacon Press [Theorie und Praxis (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1971)]. Habermas, J. 1974a. “The Public Sphere: An Encyclopedia Article,” New German Critique 4 (Autumn): 49–55.

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Habermas, J. 1974b. “On Social Identity,” Telos 19: 91–103. Habermas, J. 1975. Legitimation Crisis, trans. T. McCarthy. Boston, MA: Beacon Press [Legitimationsprobleme int Spätkapitalismus (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1973)]. Habermas, J. 1976a. “The Analytical Theory of Science and Dialectics,” in The Positivist Dispute in German Sociology, trans. Glyn Adey and David Frisby. New York: Harper & Row. 131– 62. Habermas, J. 1976b. “A Positivistically Bisected Rationalism: A Reply to a Pamphlet,” in The Positivist Dispute in German Sociology, trans. Glyn Adey and David Frisby. New York: Harper & Row. 198–225. Habermas, J. 1977a. “Hannah Arendt’s Communications Concept of Power,” Social Research 44, no. 1: 3–24. Habermas, J. 1977b. “Martin Heidegger: On the Publication of Lectures from the Year 1935,” Graduate Faculty Philosophy Journal 6, no. 2: 155–80. Habermas, J. 1979a. Communication and the Evolution of Society, trans. T. McCarthy. Boston, MA: Beacon Press [from Zur Rekonstruktion des historischen Materialismus (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1976) and Sprachpragmatik und Philosophy, ed. K.-O. Apel (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1976)]. Habermas, J. 1979b. “History and Evolution,” Telos 39: 5–44. Habermas, J. 1980a. “The Hermeneutic Claim to Universality,” in Contemporary Hermeneutics: Hermeneutics as Method, Philosophy, and Critique, ed. J. Bleicher. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 181–211 [originally published in 1970, and reprinted in the expanded edition of Zur Logik der Sozialwissenschaften (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1985)]. Habermas, J. 1980b. “The Inimitable Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung: How Horkheimer Took Advantage of a Historically Oppressive Hour,” Telos 45: 114–21. Habermas, J. 1980c. “On the German-Jewish Heritage,” Telos 44 (Summer). Habermas, J. 1980d. “Psychic Thermidor and the Rebirth of Rebellious Subjectivity,” Berkeley Journal of Sociology 24/25, no. 6: 1–12. Habermas, J. 1981. Kleine Politsche Schriften (I–IV). Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 1982. “A Reply to My Critics,” Habermas Critical Debates, ed. John B. Thompson and David Held. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Habermas, J. 1983a. “Interpretive Social Science vs. Hermeneuticism,” in Social Science as Moral Inquiry, ed. Norma Haan. New York: Columbia University Press. 251–69. Habermas, J. 1983b. Moralbewußtsein und kommunikatives Handeln. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas J. 1983c. Philosophical-Political Proﬁles, trans. F. G. Lawrence. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [Philosophisch-politische Proﬁle (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1981); essays from the period 1958–79]. Habermas, J. (ed.) 1984a. Observations on “The Spiritual Situation of the Age”: Contemporary German Perspectives, trans. A. Buchwalter. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [Stichworte zur geistigen Situation der Zeit (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1979)]. Habermas, J. 1984b. Vorstudien und Ergänzungen zur Theorie des Kommunikativen Handelns. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 1984/1987. The Theory of Communicative Action, 2 volumes., trans. T. McCarthy. Boston, MA: Beacon Press [Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns, 2 vols. (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1981)].

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Habermas, J. 1985a. “Civil Disobedience. Litmus Test for the Democratic Constitutional State,” Berkeley Journal of Sociology 30: 96–116. Habermas, J. 1985b. Die Neue Unübersichtlichkeit: Kleine Politische Schriften V. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 1985c. “A Philosophico-Political Proﬁle,” New Left Review 151 (May–June). Habermas, J. 1985d. “Questions and Counterquestions,” in Habermas and Modernity, ed. R. J. Bernstein. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Habermas, J. 1985e. “Reply to Skjei,” Inquiry 28 (March): 105–12. Habermas, J. 1986a. Autonomy and Solidarity: Interviews with Jürgen Habermas, ed. P. Dews. London: Verso. Habermas, J. 1986b. “Drei Thesen zur Wirkungsgeschichte der Frankfurter Schule,” in Die Frankfurter Schule und die Folgen, ed. A. Honneth and A. Wellmer. Berlin: De Gruyter. Habermas, J. 1986c. “Entgegnung,” in Kommunikatives Handeln, ed. A. Honneth and H. Joas. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 1986d. “The New Obscurity: The Crisis of the Welfare State and the Exhaustion of Utopian Energies,” trans. Phillip Jacobs, Philosophy and Social Criticism 11, no. 2: 1–18. Habermas, J. 1986e. “Sovereignty and the Führerdemokratie,” Times Literary Supplement, September 26: 1053. Habermas, J. 1987a. Eine Art Schadensabwicklung: Kleine Politische Schriften VI. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 1987b. Philosophisch-politische Proﬁle. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 1988a. “Law and Morality,” in The Tanner Lectures on Human Values, vol. viii, ed. S. McMurrin, trans. K. Baynes. Salt Lake City: Utah University Press. 217–79. Habermas, J. 1988b. “Lecture Notes on Plesner.” Lecture delivered at Northwestern University, fall 1988. Habermas, J. 1988c. On the Logic of the Social Sciences, trans. S. Weber Nicholsen and J. A. Stark. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [originally published in 1967, reprinted as Zur Logik der Sozialwissenschaften, exp. edn. (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1985)]. Habermas, J. 1989a. The New Conservatism: Cultural Criticism and the Historians’ Debate, trans. S. Weber Nicholson. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [mostly from Kleine Politische Schriften vols. v and vi (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1985, 1987)]. Habermas, J. 1989b. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, trans. T. Burger. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit (Neuwied: Luchterhand, 1962)]. Habermas, J. 1990a. “Justice and Solidarity,” in The Moral Domain: Essays in the Ongoing Discussion Between Philosophy and the Social Sciences, ed. T. E. Wren. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 224–52. Habermas, J. 1990b. Moral Consciousness and Communicative Action, trans. C. Lenhardt and S. Weber Nicholsen. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [Moralbewusstsein und kommunikatives Handeln (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1983)]. Habermas, J. 1990c. “Morality, Sociality, and Ethics,” Acta Sociologica 33, no. 2: 93–114. Habermas, J. 1990d. The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity: Twelve Lectures, trans. F. Lawrence. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [Der philosophische Diskurs der Moderne: Zwölf Vorlesungen (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1985)].

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Habermas, J. 1990e. “Review of Truth and Method,” in The Hermeneutic Tradition: From Ast to Ricoeur, ed. Gayle Ormiston and Alan Schrift. Albany: SUNY Press. 231–44. Habermas, J. 1990f. Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit. Untersuchungen zu einer Kategorie der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft. Mit einem Vorwort zur Neuauﬂage. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 1990g. “What Does Socialism Mean Today? The Rectifying Revolution and the Need for New Thinking on the Left,” New Left Review 183 (September–October): 3–21. Habermas, J. 1991a. “A Reply,” in Communicative Action: Essays on Jürgen Habermas’s Theory of Communicative Action, ed. Axel Honneth and Hans Joas, trans. Jeremy Gaines and Doris L. Jones. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Habermas, J. 1991b. Texte und Kontexte. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 1991c. “Thinking with Heidegger against Heidegger: On the Publication of Lectures Dating from 1935,” in The Heidegger Controversy: A Critical Reader, ed. Richard Wolin, trans. Dale Ponikvar. New York: Columbia University Press. 186–97. Habermas, J. 1992a. “Concluding Remarks,” in Habermas and the Public Sphere, ed. Craig Calhoun. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Habermas, J. 1992b. Postmetaphysical Thinking: Philosophical Essays, trans. W. Hohengarten. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [Nachmetaphysisches Denken (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1988)]. Habermas, J. 1992c. “Transcendence from Within, Transcendence in this World,” in Habermas, Modernity, and Public Theology, ed. Don S. Browning and Francis Chüssler Florenza. New York: Crossroads. 226–50. Habermas, J. 1993a. Justiﬁcation and Application: Remarks on Discourse Ethics, trans. C. Cronin. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [from Erläuterungen zur Diskursethik (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1991) and Die Nachholende Revolution: Kleine Politische Schriften VII (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1990)]. Habermas, J. 1993b. “Remarks on the Development of Horkheimer’s Work,” in On Max Horkheimer: New Perspectives, ed. Seyla Benhabib, Wolfgang Bonss, and John McCole, trans. Kenneth Baynes and John McCole. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Habermas, J. 1993c. “Struggles for Recognition in Constitutional States,” European Journal of Philosophy 1: 128–55. Habermas, J. 1994a. The Past as Future, trans. M. Pensky. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press [Vergangenheit Als Zukunft: Das Alte Deutschland im neuen Europa?, ed. M. Haller (Munich: Piper, 1993)]. Habermas, J. 1994b. “Taking Aim at the Heart of the Present: On Foucault’s Lecture on Kant’s ‘What is Enlightenment?’,” in Critique and Power: Recasting the Foucault/Habermas Debate, ed. Michael Kelly. Boston, MA: MIT Press. 149–54. Habermas, J. 1995a. “Communicative Freedom and Negative Theology,” in Kierkegaard in Post/Modernity, ed. Martin Beck Matuštík and Merold Westphal. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 182–99. Habermas, J. 1995b. “Multiculturalism and the Liberal State,” Stanford Law Review 47, no. 5 (May): 849–53. Habermas, J. 1995c. “Reconciliation Through the Use of Public Reason: Remarks on John Rawls’s Political Liberalism,” Journal of Philosophy 92, no. 3: 109–31.

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Habermas, J. 1996a. “On the Cognitive Content of Morality,” trans. Ciaran Cronin, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 96: 335–58. Habermas, J. 1996b. “Reply to Symposium Participants, Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law,” Cardozo Law Review, special issue Habermas on Law and Democracy: Critical Exchanges, Parts I and II, 17, nos. 4–5: 1477–559. Habermas, J. 1997a. A Berlin Republic: Writings on Germany, trans. S. Rendall. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. Habermas, J. 1997b. “Modernity: An Unﬁnished Project,” in Habermas and the Unﬁnished Project of Modernity: Critical Essays on the Philosophical Discourse of Modernity, ed. Maurizio Passerin d’Entèves and Seyla Benhabib, trans. Nicholas Walker. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 38– 55. Habermas, J. 1998a. Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy, trans. W. Rehg. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [Faktizität und Geltung: Beiträge zur Diskurstheorie des Rechts und des demokratischen Rechtsstaats (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1992)]. Habermas, J. 1998b. The Inclusion of the Other: Studies in Political Theory, trans. C. Cronin. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [Die Einbeziehung des Anderen: Studien zur politischen Theorie (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1996)]. Habermas, J. 1998c. “Knowledge and Human Interests: A General Perspective,” in Critical Theory: The Essential Readings, ed. David Ingram and Julia Simon-Ingram. Saint Paul, MN: Paragon House. Habermas, J. 1998d. “Learning By Disaster: A Diagnostic Look Back on the Short Twentieth Century,” Constellations 5: 307–20. Habermas, J. 1998e. On the Pragmatics of Communication, ed. M. Cooke. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Habermas, J. 2000a. “From Kant to Hegel: On Robert Brandom’s Pragmatic Philosophy of Language,” European Journal of Philosophy 8: 322–55. Habermas, J. 2000b. “Nach dreißig Jahren: Bemerkungen zu Erkenntnis und Interesse,” in Das Interesse der Vernunft. Rückblicke auf das Werk von Jürgen Habermas seit‚ Erkenntnis und Interesse, ed. Stefan Müller-Doohm. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. 12–20. Habermas, J. 2000c. “Richard Rorty’s Pragmatic Turn,” in Rorty and His Critics, ed. Robert B. Brandom. Malden, MA: Blackwell. 31–55. Habermas, J. 2001a. “Constitutional Democracy: A Paradoxical Union of Contradictory Principles?,” Political Theory 29, no. 6: 766–81. Habermas, J. 2001b. “Intentions, Conventions, and Linguistic Interactions” [1976], in On the Pragmatics of Social Interaction: Preliminary Studies in the Theory of Communicative Action, trans. B. Fultner. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 105–28. Habermas, J. 2001c. The Liberating Power of Symbols: Philosophical Essays, trans. P. Dews. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [Vom sinnlichen Eindruck zum symbolischen Ausdruck (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1997)]. Habermas, J. 2001d. On the Pragmatics of Social Interaction: Preliminary Studies in the Theory of Communicative Action, trans. B. Fultner. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [selections from Vorstudien und Ergänzungen zur Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp)].

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Habermas, J. 2001e. The Postnational Constellation: Political Essays, trans. M. Pensky. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [Die postnationale Konstellation: Politische Essays (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1998)]. Habermas, J. 2002a. “Postscript: Some Concluding Remarks,” in Habermas and Pragmatism, ed. Mitchell Aboulaﬁa, Myra Bookman, and Catherine Kemp. New York: Routledge. 223–33. Habermas, J. 2002b. Religion and Rationality: Essays on Reason, God and Modernity. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Habermas, J. 2002c. “Resentment of US Policies is Growing,” The Nation 275, no. 21: 15. Habermas, J. 2003a. The Future of Human Nature, trans. H. Beister, W. Rehg, and M. Pensky. Cambridge: Polity Press [Die Zukunft der menschlichen Natur: Auf dem Weg zu einer liberalen Eugenik? (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2001)]. Habermas, J. 2003b. “On Law and Disagreement: Some Comments on ‘Interpretive Pluralism,’” Ratio Juris 16, no. 2: 193–94. Habermas, J. 2003c. Truth and Justiﬁcation, trans. B. Fultner. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press [Wahrheit und Rechtfertigung (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1999)]. Habermas, J. 2003d. Zeitdiagnosen. Zwölf Essays. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 2004a. “After Historicism, Is Metaphysics Still Possible? On Hans-Georg Gadamer’s 100th Birthday,” in Gadamer’s Repercussions: Reconsidering Philosophical Hermeneutics, ed. Bruce Krajewski, trans. Paul Malone. Berkeley: University of California Press. 15–20. Habermas, J. 2004b. “America and the World: A Conversation with Habermas,” trans. Jeffrey Craig Miller, Logos 3, no. 3. Habermas, J. 2004c. “Dialectical Idealism in Transition to Materialism: Schelling’s Idea of a Contraction of God and its Consequences for the Philosophy of History,” in The New Schelling, ed. Judith Norman and Alistair Welchman. London and New York: Continuum. 43–89. Habermas, J. 2004d. “Einführung in den Abend,” in Schicksal in Antike und Moderne, ed. Michael Theunissen. Munich: Carl Friedrich von Siemens Stiftung. 7–14. Habermas, J. 2004e. “The Moral and the Ethical: A Reconsideration of the Issue of the Priority of the Right over the Good,” in Pragmatism, Critique, Judgment: Essays for Richard J. Bernstein, ed. S. Benhabib and N. Fraser. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 29–43. Habermas, J. 2004f. “Public Space and the Political Public Sphere: The Biographical Roots of Two Motifs in My Thought,” in Between Naturalism and Religion: Philosophical Essays, trans. C. Cronin. Cambridge: Polity Press. 11–23. Habermas, J. 2005. Zwischen Naturalismus und Religion: Philosophische Aufsätzen. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 2006a. “How to Respond to the Ethical Question,” in The Derrida–Habermas Reader, ed. Lasse Thomassen. University of Chicago Press. 115–27. Habermas, J. 2006b. “A Last Farewell: Derrida’s Enlightening Impact,” in The Derrida– Habermas Reader, ed. Lasse Thomassen. University of Chicago Press. Habermas, J. 2006c. “Political Communication in Media Society: Does Democracy Still Enjoy an Epistemic Dimension? The Impact of Normative Theory on Empirical Research,” Communication Theory 16: 411–26.

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Habermas, J. 2006d. “Religion in the Public Sphere,” European Journal of Philosophy 14,no.1: 1–25. Habermas, J. 2007a. The Divided West, trans. C. Cronin. Cambridge: Polity Press [Der gespaltene Westen (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2004)]. Habermas, J. 2007b. “Kommunikative Rationalität und grenzüberschreitende Politik,” in Anarchie der kommunikativen Freiheit, ed. Peter Niesen and Benjamin Herborth. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. 406–59. Habermas, J. 2007c. “The Language Game of Responsible Agency and the Problem of Free Will: How Can Epistemic Dualism Be Reconciled with Ontological Monism?,” trans. J. Anderson, Philosophical Explorations 10, no. 1: 13–50. Habermas, J. 2007d. “Reply to Schroeder, Clarke, Searle, and Quante,” Philosophical Explorations 10, no. 1. 85–93. Habermas, J. 2007e. “Die Zeit hatte einen doppelten Boden. Theodor W. Adorno in den fünfziger Jahren. Eine persönliche Notiz,” in Adorno-Portraits. Erinnerungen von Zeitgenossen, ed. Stefan Müller-Doohm. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. 15–23. Habermas, J. 2008a. “Begegnungen mit Gershom Scholem,” Münchner Beiträge zur judischen Geschichte und Kultur 2: 9–18. Habermas, J. 2008b. Between Naturalism and Religion: Philosophical Essays, trans. C. Cronin. Cambridge: Polity Press [Zwischen Naturalismus und Religion: Philosophische Aufsätze (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2005)]. Habermas, J. 2008c. “Europa und seine Immigranten,” in Ach, Europa! Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. 88–95. Habermas, J. 2008d. “Notes on a Post-Secular Society,” New Perspectives Quarterly 25,no.4: 17–29. Habermas, J. 2009a. “Es beginnt mit dem Zeigeﬁnger,” Die Zeit. October 12. Habermas, J. 2009b. Europe: The Faltering Project, trans. C. Cronin. Cambridge: Polity Press [Ach, Europa (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2008)]. Habermas, J. 2009c. “Laudatio für Michael Thomasello.” Hegel Prize lecture, Stuttgart. www .stuttgart.de/item/show/383875 Habermas, J. 2009d. Philosophische Texte: Studienausgabe in fünf Bänden. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 2009e. “Wahrheitstheorien,” in Philosophische Texte, vol. ii. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 2010a. “The Concept of Human Dignity and the Realistic Utopia of Human Rights,” Metaphilosophy 41: 464–80. Habermas, J. 2010b. “Leadership and Leitkultur,” New York Times, October 29. www.nytimes .com/2010/10/29/opinion/29Habermas.html?_r=0 Habermas, J. 2010c. “A Postsecular World Society? On the Philosophical Signiﬁcance of Postsecular Consciousness and the Multicultural World Society,” interview by Eduardo Mendieta. SSRC, The Immanent Frame 1. http://blogs.ssrc.org/tif/wp-content/uploads/ 2010/02/A-Postsecular-World-Society-TIF.pdf Habermas, J. 2011a. “Concluding Discussion,” in The Power of Religion in the Public Sphere, ed. Eduardo Mendieta and Jonathan VanAntwerpen. New York: Columbia University Press. 109–17. Habermas, J. 2011b. “‘The Political’: The Rational Meaning of a Questionable Inheritance of Political Theology,” in The Power of Religion in the Public Sphere, ed. Eduardo Mendieta and Jonathan VanAntwerpen. New York: Columbia University Press. 15–33.

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Habermas, J. 2011c. “Reply to My Critics,” in Habermas and Rawls: Disputing the Political, ed. James Gordon Finlayson and Fabian Freyenhagen. New York: Routledge. 283–304. Habermas, J. 2012a. The Crisis of the European Union: A Response, trans. C. Cronin. Cambridge: Polity Press [Zur Verfassung Europas (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2011)]. Habermas, J. 2012b. Nachmetaphysiches Denken II: Aufsätze und Repliken. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. 2012c. “Myth and Ritual.” Berkeley Center for Religion, Peace and World Affairs, October 19. https://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/events/myth-and-ritual Habermas, J. 2013a. “Herbert Marcuse: Critical Educator for a New Generation – A Personal Reminiscence,” trans. Charles Reitz, Radical Philosophy Review 16, no. 1. Habermas, J. 2013b. “Reply to My Critics,” in Habermas and Religion, ed. Craig Calhoun, Eduardo Mendieta, and Jonathan VanAntwerpen. Cambridge: Polity Press. 347–90. Habermas, J. 2014a. “Hauke Brunkhorst’s Critical Theory of Legal Revolutions: Some Comments on Theory Construction,” Social and Legal Studies 23, no. 4: 533–46. Habermas, J. 2014b. “Plea for a Constitutionalization of International Law,” Philosophy & Social Criticism 40, no. 1: 5–12. Habermas, J. 2015. The Lure of Technocracy, trans. C. Cronin. Cambridge: Polity Press. Habermas, J. 2016a. “Core Europe to the Rescue: A Conversation with Jürgen Habermas about Brexit and the EU Crisis,” Social Europe, July 12. www.socialeurope.eu/2016/07/core- europe-to-the-rescue/ Habermas, J. 2016b. “For a Democratic Polarisation. An Interview with Jürgen Habermas,” Social Europe, November 17. www.socialeurope.eu/2016/11/democratic-polarisation- pull-ground-right-wing-populism/ Habermas, J. 2016c. “Geburtstagsbrief an einen alten Freund und Kollegen,” Charles Taylors Landkarte. Transit, Europäische Revue 49 (Autumn): 179–81. Habermas, J. 2016d. “Kommunikative Vernunft. Interview von C. Demmerling und H-P. Krüger,” Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 64, no. 5: 806–27. Habermas, J. 2017. “Zur Genealogie nachmetaphysischen Denken. Auch eine Geshichte der Philosophie. Am Leitfaden des Diskurses Über Glauben und Wissen.” Starnberg: Manuscript. Habermas, J. n.d. Essay on Faith and Knowledge: Postmetaphysical Thinking and the Secular Self-Interpretation of Modernity. Habermas, J. n.d. “From Worldviews to the Lifeworld: On the Genealogy of a Concept.” Habermas, J. and Derrida, J. 2005. “February 15, or, What Binds Europeans Together,” in Old Europe, New Europe, Core Europe: Transatlantic Relations After the Iraq War, ed. D. Levy, M. Pensky, and J. C. Torpey. London: Verso. 3–13. Habermas, J. and Friedeburg, Ludwig von, eds. 1983. Adorno-Konferenz 1983. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. and Luhmann, N. 1971. Theorie der Gesellschaft oder Sozialtechnologie: Was Leistet die Systemforschung? Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Habermas, J. and Ratzinger, J. 2006. Dialectics of Secularization: On Reason and Religion, trans. B. McNeil. San Francisco: Ignatius Press [Dialektik der Säkularisierung: Über Vernunft und Religion (Freiburg im Breisgau: Herder, 2005)]. J. Habermas, Dӧbert, R., and Nunner-Winkler, C. 1977. Die Entwicklung des Ich. Dologne: Kiepenheruer & Witsch.

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Habermas, J., Lubasz, H., and Spengler, T. 1979. “Theory and Politics: A Discussion with Herbert Marcuse,” Telos 38: 124–53. Habermas, J., et al. 2010. An Awareness of What Is Missing: Faith and Reason in a Post-Secular Age, trans. C. Cronin. Cambridge: Polity Press [Ein Bewusstsein von dem, was fehlt (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2008)].