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"Mein Leben" – "Моя Жизнь" Trockijs Autobiographie Essay

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"Mein Leben" – "Моя Жизнь" Trockijs Autobiographie Essay "Mein Leben" – "Моя Жизнь" Ein Essay über Trockijs Autobiographie und den jungen Trockij (1879-1904) von Wolfgang und Petra Lubitz, 2018/19 ________________________________________________________________________ Dieser Essay erscheint als Teil von Lubitz' TrotskyanaNet Inhaltsverzeichnis (1) Einleitung, Vorbemerkungen.............................................................................3 Zum Thema........................................................................................................................3 Zum Inhalt.........................................................................................................................3 Formale Hinweise.................................................................................................................4 (2) "Mein Leben" – Bibliographisch-buchhistorisches und Kurioses........................5 Einleitung...........................................................................................................................5 Buchbeschreibung der deutschen Erstausgabe.........................................................................5 Die russische Erstausgabe.....................................................................................................8 Vorabdrucke........................................................................................................................8 Online-Ausgaben.................................................................................................................8 Manuskripte, Entwurfsfassungen............................................................................................9 Sammlerwert......................................................................................................................9 Kuriosa und Aperçus.............................................................................................................9 (3) "Mein Leben" – Hintergrund und Vorgeschichte (1927/29).............................12 Einleitung.........................................................................................................................12 1927 – Im Vorfeld der Verbannung.......................................................................................12 1928 – Verbannung nach Alma-Ata.......................................................................................14 1929 – Ausweisung aus der UdSSR und Beginn des dritten Exils...............................................18 Trockij in Konstantinopel (Istanbul).......................................................................................20 Trockij auf Büyük Ada (Prinkipo)...........................................................................................21 Bemühungen um Asyl.........................................................................................................23 Besucher und Sekretäre auf Büyük Ada.................................................................................25 Die materielle Lage Trockijs.................................................................................................27 (4) "Mein Leben" – Genesis (1929/30).................................................................29 Einleitung.........................................................................................................................29 Vorgeschichte des Autorenvertrags. Schumann und Fischer......................................................29 Die Fertigstellung des Manuskripts........................................................................................33 Die deutsche Übersetzung und die Pfemferts – ein Glücksfall für Trockij.....................................34 Seite 1 von 122 "Mein Leben" – "Моя Жизнь" Trockijs Autobiographie Essay Andere Übersetzer..............................................................................................................38 Erscheinen, Absatz und Verbreitung des Buches......................................................................39 (5) "Mein Leben" – Darstellungsabsichten und Quellenbedeutung........................40 Einleitung.........................................................................................................................40 Trockij über Mein Leben......................................................................................................40 Kritik und Gegenkritik.........................................................................................................41 (6) "Mein Leben" – Wirkungsgeschichte und Quellenwert.....................................47 (7) "Mein Leben" – Quellennutzung. Alternative Quellen.......................................50 Zur Nutzung der Quelle Mein Leben und der Alternativquellen Eastman und Ziv...........................50 Über Eastman als Quelle.....................................................................................................52 Über Ziv als Quelle.............................................................................................................55 Wirkungsgeschichte von Zivs Buch und seine Nutzung durch Historiker......................................58 Resümee..........................................................................................................................63 (8) "Mein Leben" – Der junge Trockij im Spiegel der Autobiographie....................65 Einleitung.........................................................................................................................65 Herkunft, Familie, Kindheit auf dem Lande.............................................................................65 Schulen, Bücher, Jugendjahre in der Stadt.............................................................................73 Spätpubertät, Reife............................................................................................................77 Südrussischer Arbeiterbund.................................................................................................79 Verhaftung, Gefängnisse, Verbannung...................................................................................82 Erste Emigration................................................................................................................87 Zwischen Leninismus und Menschewismus.............................................................................90 Der Einzelkämpfer – Trockij 1904.........................................................................................94 Exkurs über Trockijs "Unsere politischen Aufgaben" (1904)......................................................97 (9) Andere autobiographische Schriften Trockijs.................................................105 Einleitung........................................................................................................................105 Bibliographische Übersicht.................................................................................................105 (10) Literatur-und Quellenverzeichnis.................................................................108 Errata und Addenda.............................................................................................122 Anhang 1: "Vostočnoe obozrenie" und Trockijs Beiträge als "Antid Oto" Anhang 2: Übersicht über die gedruckten deutschsprachigen Ausgaben von "Mein Leben" (1929-2018) Anhang 3: Übersicht über gedruckte Ausgaben der Autobiographie in anderen europäischen Sprachen (1929-2018) Anhang 4: Übersicht über Trockijs literarisches Schaffen 1928/32 und die Verbreitung seiner Schriften in Bezug auf Deutschland Anhang 5: Auswahlbibliographie von Rezensionen der Autobiographie Anhang 6: Abbildungen Anhang 7: G.A. Ziv: Trockij (1921) Anhang 8: M. Kehrnon (M. Le Guevel): À propos d'une source de Deutscher (1979) Seite 2 von 122 "Mein Leben" – "Моя Жизнь" Trockijs Autobiographie Essay (1) Einleitung, Vorbemerkungen Zum Thema Im Mittelpunkt dieses Essays steht die Autobiographie Trockijs, die er als erstes einer Rei- he umfangreicher Werke während seines dritten Exils (ab Februar 1929) publizierte und die, sowohl was die literarische Qualität als auch den Wert als Quelle anbelangt, zweifellos zu seinen bedeutendsten und bekanntesten Büchern gehört. Unserer Betrachtung liegt die deutschsprachige Erstausgabe zugrunde, die 1929 (1930) unter dem Titel Mein Leben in Berlin erschien. Was die genauere Betrachtung des Inhalts der Autobiographie anbelangt, so steht im Fokus unseres Essays das Leben des jungen Trockij, d.h. es werden in der Hauptsache diejenigen Kapitel von Mein Leben referiert und kommentiert, in denen Trockij sein Leben in der Zeit von 1879 bis 1904/05 erzählt1. Zum Inhalt Am Anfang des Essays (Kapitel 2) stehen ausführliche bibliographische Beschreibungen der deutschen und russischen Erstausgaben sowie buchhistorische Fakten; aber auch ei- nige 'Kuriosa', auf die der Leser von Mein Leben stoßen kann, finden Erwähnung. Sodann beschäftigen wir uns (Kapitel 3) eingehend mit der Vorgeschichte der Autobiographie, be- leuchten den biographischen und historisch-politischen Hintergrund, vor dem Trockij sein Manuskript verfasste, wobei auch seine materiellen Lebens- und Arbeitsbedingungen be- rücksichtigt werden. Thematisiert wird die Genesis des Werkes (Kapitel 4); dabei werden der Rolle der deutschen Übersetzerin sowie des Fischer-Verlags breiter Raum gegeben. Andere Abschnitte des Essays gehen näher auf Trockijs Darstellungsintentionen ein (Ka- pitel 5) und analysieren die Bedeutung der Autobiographie bezüglich ihres
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