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Participation of Public in Panchayati Raj Institutions of East Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh

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Participation of Public in Panchayati Raj Institutions of East Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh East African Scholars Journal of Education, Humanities and Literature Abbreviated Key Title: East African Scholars J Edu Humanit Lit ISSN: 2617-443X (Print) & ISSN: 2617-7250 (Online) Published By East African Scholars Publisher, Kenya Volume-4 | Issue-3 | March- 2021 | DOI: 10.36349/easjehl.2021.v04i03.003 Research Article Participation of Public in Panchayati Raj Institutions of East Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh Kamin Modi1, Dr. Tabang Mibang2, Dr. Philip Modi3* 1Phd Research Scholar, Department of Political Science, Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, India 2Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, India 3Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, India Abstract: The essence and success of Panchayati Raj Institutions lies on the participation of Article History the public in various activities of Panchayati Raj Institutions of a particular area. In the Received: 21.02.2021 present study, involvement of the villagers in Panchayati Raj activities, consultation of the Accepted: 04.03.2021 villagers in planning a scheme, consideration of the villagers for proposal of schemes and Published: 15.03.2021 participation of the villagers in Panchayat Meetings of East Siang District have been Journal homepage: analysed. The study found a contradiction of view point with regard to participation of https://www.easpublisher.com villagers. Quite a good number of respondents hold the view that, they have not actively participated because they were not encouraged by the panchayat members. On the other Quick Response Code hand, panchayat members consider that, they had never been an obstacle to people’s participation rather, they encourage them to participate in the developmental programmes initiated by them. Infact, the initiative of common villagers in their individual or collective capacity is equally required for the effective implementation of any developmental programmes. Hence, awareness campaign such as workshop, demonstration, seminar, symposium, etc. are to be conducted in the remote rural areas to make full participation of the people in the developmental programmes. With this background, the present study makes an attempt to highlight Rural Development through Panchayat Raj Institutions. Further, it makes an attempt to examine the Participation of Public in Panchayati Raj Institutions in East Siang District of Arunachal Pradesh. Keywords: Arunachal Pradesh, East Siang, Panchayati Raj Institutions and Participation. Copyright © 2021 The Author(s): This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial use provided the original author and source are credited. NTRODUCTION committee report and Panchayati Raj system was I implemented in 1969 in the state [3]. The state of Arunachal Pradesh like other states also has undergone a drastic change in terms of The Panchayati Raj Institutions in Arunachal grass root politics and development after the Pradesh will provide a sound basis for political and introduction of Panchayati Raj Institutions [1]. One of economic growth of the people of the area. Secondly, it the most significant developments after independence will provide a workable medium through which the was the introduction of Panchayati Raj Institutions in rural people would be able to express themselves on the state. It has connected the tribal politics to the various problems of the area and also evolved an mainland Indian politics. Like other states in India, integral community approach for solutions of problems political evolution started in Arunachal Pradesh too [2]. that concerns the entire agency [4]. Participation is the Before the implementation of Panchayati Raj structural aspect of Panchayati Raj as rising tribal Institutions, the social and political affairs of the tribes participation in the Panchayati Raj is apparent with the were regulated through traditional self-governing presence of larger number of people from tribal institutions, called as village councils. Panchayati Raj communities in the various offices of the Panchayati Institutions is an age old Indian indigenous politico- Raj. Being statutory in character and having public fund administrative institution for village autonomy and at their disposal for developmental activities, the development in mainland India, but it was absent in this statutory panchayat somehow or other can now tribal area, instead they were guided by village councils. overcome the challenges of the traditional panchayat To ensure proper democratic decentralisation in the officials in its early years. Being capable of rendering state, the government of India passed the North East certain positive services in the field of material benefit Frontier Agency (NEFA) Panchayati Raj Regulation, to the tribal are the objectives of statutory panchayats 1967 on the recommendation of Daying Ering by securing the cooperation of the public [5]. The *Corresponding Author: Dr. Philip Modi 114 Kamin Modi et al., East African Scholars J Edu Humanit Lit; Vol-4: Iss-3 (Mar, 2021): 114-119 degree of this cooperation and participation needs to Office (BDO), District Census Handbook (DCH), and increase slowly and gradually, for its effective the Panchayati Raj Institution (PRI) Cell of various performance. Panchayat should be able to make people Blocks. Both published and unpublished works are also participate and feel that the statutory panchayat is used as secondary sources of data wherever possible. effective and popular due to its manifold development The data were analysed using a simple percentage activities. So, the essence and success of Panchayati Raj computation. The study was carried out by visiting Institutions lies on the participation of the public in panchayat offices at state, district and gram panchayat various activities of Panchayati Raj Institutions of a level. Panchayat leaders of different blocks of the particular area [6]. districts were interviewed. The interview schedule cum questionnaire has been designed in English for sake of BJECTIVES OF THE TUDY convenience and translated into local language O S wherever needed. The extensive Field Notes of the The paper makes an attempt to: discussions with panchayat members, local intellectuals i. Provide an overview of Rural Development and beneficiaries of different rural development through Panchayat Raj Institutions. schemes has been used to supplement the primary data. ii. Examine the Participation of Public in Panchayati Raj Institutions in East Siang Sampling Methods and Size District of Arunachal Pradesh. The study has a sample size of 400 respondents covering all the Panchayat blocks of the RESEARCH METHODOLOGY District. The total respondents were classified into two Research Methods and Tools categories viz. Panchayati Raj Institutions Member and The study applies Historico–Analytical method Non-Panchayati Raj Institution Members (common to understand both the historical background and the public). The panchayat member constitutes of 90 role of Panchayati Raj institutions in Arunachal respondents and non-panchayat member (common Pradesh. The data for the study had been drawn both public) constitutes of 300 respondents. Also, 10 from primary and secondary sources. The primary data respondents comprised of Panchayat Officials who have was collected through Field Survey by visiting the study been selected randomly. The sample distribution is area using interview schedule cum questionnaire. For shown in Table-1. To avail the required data for the the secondary sources, study depends on various related study two sets of open ended questionnaire cum documents, official acts, reports and records of interview schedule were prepared for both panchayat Panchayat office collected from the records maintained members and non-panchayat members separately. For by various institutions of central, state and local self- non-panchayat members, the data were collected government agencies such as Panchayat office, SIRD randomly, 100 respondents each from three divisions (State Institute of Rural Development), District Rural viz, Mebo, Pasighat and Ruksin. Development Agency (DRDA), Block Development Table-1: Distribution of Samples Panchayat Members (PM) Non-Panchayat Members (NPM) Panchayat Officials (PO) 90 300 10 Universe of the Study and merged to Lower Siang district. At present East The universe of the study constitutes Siang district comprises of three administrative Panchayati Raj Institutions of East Siang District of divisions namely, Pasighat division, Mebo division, and Arunachal Pradesh. The universe of the study is East Ruksin division with 16 Zilla Parishad Members Siang district. Earlier the district comprised of four (ZPM), 156 Anchal Samiti Members (ASM) and 578 administrative divisions namely Pasighat, Mebo, Gram Panchayat Members (GPM) segments Ruksin and Nari Sub-Division, in the year 2018 Nari respectively. The Administrative Status of the Study Sub-Division was curved out from East Siang district District is presented in Table-2. © East African Scholars Publisher, Kenya 115 Kamin Modi et al., East African Scholars J Edu Humanit Lit; Vol-4: Iss-3 (Mar, 2021): 114-119 Table-2: Administrative Status of East Siang District Sl. No Sub-Division Circle Year of opening Ranks of officer 1. Pasighat 1. Pasighat 1911 Deputy
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