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Carrot Family SP.Indd THE CARROT FAMILY Science Page APIACEAE (OR UMBELLIFEREAE) DID YOU KNOW? .usbg.gov Some members of the w The name Umbellifereae comes from the Latin word meaning carrot family, such ww as wild parsnip and “umbrellas.” Plants in the carrot Maybe you family have flowers that look like giant hogweed, can touched wild little umbrellas. burn your skin. With parsnip or giant the help of ultraviolet hogweed a day or light from the sun, Look at my so ago. Your skin chemicals found in the skin! These will stop hurting green leaves, stems, blisters soon, but it may and fruits of these hurt! stay discolored UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN BOTANIC STATES UNITED for a while. plants can break down skin tissue, make the dill skin red, and cause blisters. MEMBERS OF THE CARROT FAMILY There are more than 3,000 species in the carrot family. dill earth chestnut fennel arracacha carrot Som e have strong caraway unique flavors and Many have roots, stems, smells, and are used or leaves that are used as as herbs and spices. vegetables. Some contain nutrients, such as beta carotene, that are important in the human parsnip diet. culantro celeriac coriander/ cilantro GARDEN BOTANIC STATES UNITED anise parsley celery angelica Others are poisonous. ww w lovage .usbg.gov poison devil’s dung hemlock giant hogweed Carrot Family Card Game DIRECTIONS .usbg.gov Print each clue and its answer onto a separate card. Print the carrot family cards back-to-back so w each plant picture is on one side and its description is on the other. Cut out the clue cards and the ww carrot family cards. To make the cards last longer, they may be laminated. Spread out all the carrot family cards with the plant pictures facing up. Shuffle the clue cards and put them face down in a pile. The object of the game is to collect as many carrot family cards as you can. The player with the most cards at the end of the game is the winner. The first player picks a clue card and reads the clue on the card. The player to the right has a chance to pick the correct plant card to answer the question on the clue card. He or she picks up the plant card and reads the back to see if it is the correct card. If it is the correct card, the player UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN BOTANIC STATES UNITED keeps it. If not, the plant card is replaced, and the clue card goes to the bottom of the clue card pile. Then the player who got a chance to choose a plant card picks the next clue card. Play the game until all the plant cards are gone. Then each player counts his or her plant cards to see who is the winner. Variation: Each player uses the information on the plant cards to make up questions to try to stump other players. CLUE CARDS Worldwide, the most popular member of the Important root crop in Central and South carrot family. America. Answer: carrot Answer: arracacha Grew around the ancient town of Marathon in The green-stemmed variety of this plant is Greece. popular in the United States, while the Answer: fennel Europeans prefer the yellow-stemmed variety. Answer: celery Dried gum from the root is used as a seasoning. Answer: devil’s dung Root vegetable that has leaves which can cause a skin rash. Ancient Greeks made a poison drink out of this Answer: parsnip plant to execute prisoners. Answer: poison hemlock In the nineteenth century, candied seeds from this plant were called “sugar plums.” Once thought to have angelic healing powers. Answer: cilantro/coriander Answer: angelica Invasive weed that causes a skin rash. Used to flavor a liquor known as akavit in Answer: giant hogweed Scandinavia. Answer: caraway Name comes form the Old Norse word meaning “calm.” GARDEN BOTANIC STATES UNITED One of the most popular flavorings in ancient Answer: dill Roman cooking. Answer: lovage In ancient Rome, used in cakes that were eaten at the end of a meal to aid digestion. Leaves used in funeral ceremonies in ancient Answer: anise Greece. Answer: parsley Popular in Europe for its tough, bulb-like roots, which must be peeled before being eaten. Leaves smell like cilantro, only stronger. Answer: celeriac ww w Answer: culantro .usbg.gov Children in England used to dig up the roots for a treat on their way to and from school. Answer: earth chestnut Carrot Family Cards CARROT PARSLEY LOVAGE Daucus carota Petroselinum crispum Levisticum officinale .usbg.gov w ww FAMILY UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN BOTANIC STATES UNITED CARROT CARROTFAMILY CARROTFAMILY ARRACACHA CARAWAY ANGELICA Arracacia xanthorrhiza Carum carvi Angelica archangelica CARROTFAMILY CARROTFAMILY CARROTFAMILY FENNEL DEVIL’S DUNG OR POISON HEMLOCK Foeniculum vulgare ASAFETIDA Conium maculatum Ferula asa-foetida UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN BOTANIC STATES UNITED ww CARROTFAMILY CARROTFAMILY CARROTFAMILY w .usbg.gov LOVAGE PARSLEY CARROT Levisticum officinale Petroselinum crispum Daucus carota .usbg.gov In ancient Greece, parsley was Worldwide, carrots are the most w Lovage was one of the most used in funeral ceremonies and popular member of the Apiaceae ww popular flavorings in ancient in wreaths given to winning family. White carrots are native CARROTFAMILY Roman cuisine. The roots are CARROTFAMILY athletes. The tangy, sweet- to Europe, red carrots are native CARROTFAMILY used as a vegetable. Powders tasting leaves are used dry, to Central Asia, and yellow and and oils are extracted from the raw, or diced to flavor many purple carrots are native to what roots and used for flavoring. The different dishes. Parsley is an is now Afghanistan. Carrots have celery-flavored leaves and leaf important part of the Middle more beta carotene, from which stalks are used in salads, soups, Eastern tabbouleh salad. The the body makes vitamin A, than and stews. Lovage seeds are Japanese deep-fry parsley in any other vegetables. used to flavor candies, cakes and tempura batter. In Belgium and meat dishes. Switzerland parsley is deep- UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN BOTANIC STATES UNITED fried as a side dish for fondu. Mexicans and Spaniards use parsley in salsa verde. The French add parsley to a garlic and butter sauce eaten with escargots (snails). The English make parsley jelly. ANGELICA CARAWAY ARRACACHA Angelica archangelica Carum carvi Arracacia xanthorrhiza People once thought that angelica Caraway is a popular spice Arracacha is an important had angelic healing powers. in Central Europe. It has root crop in South and Central The roots can be boiled and antiflatulent power (this means America. It was first grown in used as a vegetable. The oils, CARROTFAMILY it counteracts digestive gas!). CARROTFAMILY the Andes Mountains. Over time, CARROTFAMILY extracted from the roots and The spicy seeds and seed oils growers improved the crop, so seeds, are used to flavor candies are used for flavoring cookies, that today’s varieties have large, and alcoholic drinks like gin and cakes, cheese, and rye bread. smooth, fleshy roots. One plant vermouth. The oils are also used The seeds and oils are also used has four to six carrot size roots. in perfumes and soaps. in candy, meats, pickles, and Its flavor is similar to that of drinks. Caraway-flavored liquor, parsnips and carrots. Roots are known as kummel or akavit, is boiled, baked, and fried. They can produced and drunk in Northern be eaten whole, mashed, or made Germany and Scandinavia. into fried chips. Arracacha chips In Tunisia, caraway is used in have crispness, so many people harissa, a fiery paste made of like them more than potato chips. dried chiles. Arracacha roots also can be dried and powdered, and used in instant foods, such as soups and baby food. Also used to make an alcoholic drink called “chicha.” DEVIL’S DUNG OR POISON HEMLOCK FENNEL Conium maculatum ASAFETIDA Foeniculum vulgare Over 2,300 years ago, Greeks Ferula asa-foetida Ancient Greeks called fennel made a drink out of poison Devil’s dung has a strong bitter, “marathon.” This plant grew hemlock to execute prisoners. sharp, stinging odor. Its leaves around the village of Marathon, UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN BOTANIC STATES UNITED CARROTFAMILY CARROTFAMILY Socrates, a famous Greek are used as a potherb. Dried CARROTFAMILY which was the site of a famous philosopher, was judged to be gum from the root is a egetablespowerful .v battle. During the battle, a Greek an enemy of the people. He was seasoning.other yan Itthan is popular A, vitamin in esmak soldier ran from Marathon to sentenced to death and drank a bodysouthern the which India from for fl carotene,avoring fish beta Athens. This distance became the more evha Carrots Afghanistan. potion made of and vegetable dishes such as dal length of the Olympic marathon called now is what to enativ are poison hemlock. race. Fennel seeds, flowers, and carrots(name purplefor beans, and peas,ellowy lentils, and Asia, andal Centrother tolegumes). enativ are Devil carrots’s red leaves have a strong anise flavor. Europe,dung is toused enativ for itsare antiflatulent carrots White Snipped leaves are used as a actionfamily (this this means of member it counteracts popular garnish or to make tea. The bulb- digestivemost the gas!). are carrotsIt is one orldwide of the ,W like stalk can be eaten like celery. ingredientscarota in Worcestershire Daucus The seeds are used to flavor ww sauce. CARROT baked goods, cheese, and various w .usbg.gov FAMILY CARROT meat and vegetable dishes. THE OF MEMBERS SOME ABOUT MORE More Carrot Family Cards GIANT HOGWEED PARSNIP CORIANDER/CILANTRO Heracleum mantegazzianum Pastinaca sativa Coriandrum sativum .usbg.gov w ww UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN BOTANIC STATES UNITED CARROTFAMILY CARROTFAMILY CARROTFAMILY CELERY ANISE DILL Apium graveolens var.
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