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IMD's Cyclone Warning Network and Services Mandate IMD in The IMD’s Cyclone Warning Network and Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre, Services Tropical Cyclones, New Delhi IMD in the service of Nation since 1875 Cyclone Warning Services IMD is nodal agency to provide cyclone warning services in the country. It has a 3-tier network with Cyclone Warning Division at Delhi, 3 Area Cyclone Warning RSMCs in the World: Centres at Mumbai, Chennai & Kolkata and 4 Cyclone • RSMC New Delhi • RSMC Nadi Warning Centres at Bhubaneswar, Visakhapatnam, • RSMC La Réunion • RSMC New Delhi Ahmedabad & Tiruvananthapuram. • RSMC Miami • RSMC Honolulu It also acts as Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre Bulletins issued by Cyclone Warning Division, New Delhi IMD acts as RSMC, New Delhi to provide tropical and Tropical Cyclone Advisory Centre, New Delhi. ❖ Tropical Weather Outlook (daily) cyclones and storm surge guidance to 13 member ❖ Tropical Cyclone Advisory (3 hourly) countries under WMO/ESCAP Panel including ❖ National Bulletin (3 hourly) ❖ TCAC Bulletin for Civil Aviation (6 hourly) Bangladesh, Inda, Iran, Maldives, Myanmar, Oman, ❖ TC Vital bulletin for modeling group (6 hourly) Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, ❖ Bulletin from Director General of Meteorology (Daily) United Arab Emirates and Yemen. ❖ Press Release (Daily) Severe Weather Forecasting Programme (SWFP) ❖ SMS/Facebook/tweet/whatsapp/CAP (4 times daily) ❖ Warning graphics of observed & forecast track Southeast Asia: IMD is leading WMO’s Severe Weather Forecasting alongewith cone of uncertainty and wind distribution both png and on GIS platform Programme for southeast Asia to predict the severe weather from tropical cyclones, severe ❖ Warning graphics on heavy rainfall and storm surge thunderstorms and monsoon namely heavy rain, Bulletins and Products issued by ACWCs and CWCs strong wind, storm surge and high waves for 9 ❖Four stage cyclone warnings ❖Sea area bulletin and Coastal weather bulletin countries including Bangladesh, India, ❖Bulletins for Indian Navy Mandate ❖Warnings for fishermen and fishery officials Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, ❖Round the clock watch over the North Indian Ocean ❖Port warnings and Aviation warning ❖Bulletins for AIR/ Doordarshan/ Press Myanmar and Thailand ❖Running Numerical Models for Cyclone Track & ❖Cyclone Warning Dissemination System bulletin since May, 2016 Intensity Prediction and Storm Surge models ❖Warnings for registered/ designated users. ❖Tropical Cyclone Vitals to NWP modeling groups . Observed and forecast track along with cone of uncertainty ❖Tropical Weather Outlook/Tropical Cyclone th and quadrant wind distribution based on 1130hrs IST of 17 Tropical Cyclone Advisory Centre, New Delhi Advisories to Panel countries (Bangladesh, Maldives, May (84 hrs prior to landfall) of SuCS AMPHAN indicating Major TCAC centres in the world: accuracy in landfall, track & intensity predictions Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Oman, Yemen, • New Delhi (India) (25th August, 2003) Thailand, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Qatar and UAE . • Miami (United States), • Nadi (Fjji), ❖Storm Surge advisories for member countries. • Darwin (Australia), • Reunion (France) ❖Collection, Processing & archival of TC data over the • Honolulu (United States), • Tokyo (Japan NIO and their exchange with Panel member countries IMD acts as Tropical Cyclone Aviation Centre (TCAC) ❖Preparation of Annual Review, RSMC Reports and to provide cyclone advisories to Asia Pacific and Middle Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan East countries for civil aviation. These bulletins are ❖Research on cyclones & associated adverse weather issued to Met Watch Offices (MWO) for preparation of and conduct Trainings/conferences/seminars for SIGMET messages. forecasters from WMO/ESCAP Panel countries. Milestones Tropical Cyclones Track, Intensity and Landfall Forecast Performance 1865 : 1st storm warning system from Kolkata Port. As per WMO’s definition, Tropical Cyclones 188 6: Early warning system of cyclones extended to (Hurricanes, Typhoons) are low pressure system with cover all Indian ports. winds rotating anticlockwise (clockwise) in northern (southern) hemisphere having minimum sustained 1908: Meteorological Atlas of the Indian Seas and the wind speed of 34 knots. These are synoptic scale North Indian Ocean published system (100 km) over tropical or subtropical oceanic 1970: First cyclone detection radar was set up at regions, Visakhapatnam in 1970 Names of Cyclones in different Ocean basins 1974: Classification of cyclones into cyclonic storms, severe cyclonic storms and severe cyclonic storms with core of hurricane winds 1973: Regional Meteorological Centre (RMC) for Appreciations Earned Tropical Cyclones, New Delhi came into existence Hon’ble PM Sh. Narendra with the formation of WMO/ESCAP Panel Modi’s appreciation for 1988: Regional Meteorological Centre (RMC) New Hudhud, 2014: In this cyclone, India Delhi redesignated as Regional Specialized Meteorological Department made excellent utilization of technology Meteorological Centre (RSMC) Tropical th Climatology of tropical cyclones over north Indian Ocean and from 6 October itself, this Cyclones, New Delhi cyclone was predicted. The actual ❖ 11 cyclonic disturbances develop over NIO annually wind speed due to cyclone was same 1990: Cyclone Warning Directorate established at New as the predicted wind speed. The (9 over BoB & 2 over AS). track was same as predicted. Time of Delhi to co-ordinate cyclone warning work in the ❖ 5 intensify into TC (4 over BOB and 1 over AS), 3 landfall was same as predicted IMD. country and act as RSMC-Tropical Cyclones, into severe TC (2 over the BOB and 1 over the AS) New Delhi for regional guidance. and 1-2 into very severe TC. FANI, 2019 ❖ BoB TCs more often strike Odisha-West Bengal coast 2003 : Cyclone Warning Division to act as Tropical in October, Andhra coast in November and the Tamil Cyclone Advisory Centre (TCAC), New Delhi as Nadu coast in December per ICAO requirements ❖ About 20% of TCs forming over BoB and 68% of TCs 2004: Introduction of naming of cyclones over north over AS dissipate over sea. Indian Ocean 2005: Introduction of bi-weekly training for cyclone forecasters from WMO/ESCAP member Annual Publications Countries 1. Preliminary reports on cyclonic disturbances 2012: Verification of Track, Intensity & Landfall 2. RSMC Report on cyclonic disturbances forecast errors from 2003 onwards 3. Annual Review on tropical cyclones 2013: Extension of forecast upto a lead period of 120 4. Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan (TCP-21) hours from cyclone ‘VIYARU’ 5. Forecast Demonstration Project Report 2014: Launching of a dedicated website for RSMC, List of data base available on RSMC website New Delhi (www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in) Satellite & DWR Paradeep imagery during 2014: Digitisation of Annual RSMC Report since 1990 ❖Best track data of all cyclonic disturbances since 1982 Super Cyclonic Storm “Amphan” ❖Cyclone e-Atlas having track/frequency data since 1891 2016: Introduction of severe weather forecasting ❖Annual reports on cyclonic disturbances since 1990 project for north Indian Ocean ❖Climatological data on TC characteristics 2018: Introduction of Extended range outlook for next ❖Bulletins of TCs since 2011 two weeks ❖List of names of TCs 2020: Introduction of cyclone track on GIS platform ❖Various Publications by Cyclone Warning Division 2020: New list of names of cyclones released with ❖Track, intensity & landfall verification data since 2003 representation from 13 Panel member countries Website address: www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in .
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