HOW MUCH MEAT to EXPECT from a BEEF CARCASS Rob Holland, Director Center for Profitable Agriculture
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Meat, Fish and Dairy Products and the Risk of Cancer: a Summary Matrix 7 2
Meat, fish and dairy products and the risk of cancer 2018 Contents World Cancer Research Fund Network 3 Executive summary 5 1. Meat, fish and dairy products and the risk of cancer: a summary matrix 7 2. Summary of Panel judgements 9 3. Definitions and patterns 11 3.1 Red meat 11 3.2 Processed meat 12 3.3 Foods containing haem iron 13 3.4 Fish 13 3.5 Cantonese-style salted fish 13 3.6 Grilled (broiled) or barbecued (charbroiled) meat and fish 14 3.7 Dairy products 14 3.8 Diets high in calcium 15 4. Interpretation of the evidence 16 4.1 General 16 4.2 Specific 16 5. Evidence and judgements 27 5.1 Red meat 27 5.2 Processed meat 31 5.3 Foods containing haem iron 35 5.4 Fish 36 5.5 Cantonese-style salted fish 37 5.6 Grilled (broiled) or barbecued (charbroiled) meat and fish 40 5.7 Dairy products 41 5.8 Diets high in calcium 51 5.9 Other 52 6. Comparison with the 2007 Second Expert Report 52 Acknowledgements 53 Abbreviations 57 Glossary 58 References 65 Appendix 1: Criteria for grading evidence for cancer prevention 71 Appendix 2: Mechanisms 74 Our Cancer Prevention Recommendations 79 2 Meat, fish and dairy products and the risk of cancer 2018 WORLD CANCER RESEARCH FUND NETWORK Our Vision We want to live in a world where no one develops a preventable cancer. Our Mission We champion the latest and most authoritative scientific research from around the world on cancer prevention and survival through diet, weight and physical activity, so that we can help people make informed choices to reduce their cancer risk. -
Where's the Beef? Communicating Vegetarianism in Mainstream America
Where’s the Beef? Communicating Vegetarianism in Mainstream America ALLISON WALTER Produced in Mary Tripp’s Spring 2013 ENC 1102 Introduction “Engaging in non-mainstream behavior can be challenging to negotiate communicatively, especially when it involves the simple but necessary task of eating, a lifelong activity that is often done in others’ company,” argue researchers Romo and Donovan-Kicken (405). This can be especially true for vegetarians in America. The American view of a good and balanced meal includes a wide array of meats that have become standard on most all of the country's dinner tables. When it comes to eating in American society today, fruits and vegetables come to mind as side dishes or snacks, not the main course. Vegetarians challenge this expectation of having meat as an essential component of survival by adopting a lifestyle that no longer conforms to the norms of society as a whole. Although vegetarians can be seen as “healthy deviants”—people who violate social norms in relatively healthy ways—they are faced with the burden of stigmatization by those who cannot see past their views of conformity (Romo and Donovan-Kicken 405). This can lead to a continuous battle for vegetarians where they are questioned and scrutinized for their decisions only because they are not the same as many of their peers. The heaviest load that individuals who decide to deviate from the norms of a given society have to carry is attempting to stay true to themselves in a world that forces them to fit in. Culture, Society, and Food One of the largest and most complex factors that contribute to food choice is society and the cultures within that society that certain groups of people hold close to them (Jabs, Sobal, and Devine 376). -
ALL NATURAL BRAISED BEEF CHUCK SHORT RIBS This All Natural Product Continues to Be Popular for Those Who Have a Taste for Decadent Comfort Foods
ALL NATURAL BRAISED BEEF CHUCK SHORT RIBS This all natural product continues to be popular for those who have a taste for decadent comfort foods. Chef's Line® short ribs are braised for 8 hours to achieve the fall-off-the bone result. Now you can serve delicious short ribs without investing the extensive time or labor. Designed and created for chefs with high standards Only ingredients of the highest caliber make their way into our Chef’s Line® products. Designed and created for chefs who insist on the best, Chef’s Line is what you would make if you had the time. Product Inspiration Product Attributes Benefits From gastro-pubs to pop-ups, short ribs are • Choice chuck short rib • All natural finding a place on more and more menus as a • Comes in its own juices; provides • No artificial ingredients great appetizer addition and a traditional approximately three to four portions • Minimally processed favorite entrée. Lightly seasoned with salt • Rectangular in shape • Fully cooked – ready to use and pepper, our all natural short ribs offer • Moist, tender, full-bodied flavor rich flavor without any additives and are a • Braised for 8 hours product of the USA. • Finished product is 75% protein, 25% juice • Product of USA Slowly braised for 8 hours, each portion is • Short rib menu penetration has grown 62% ready to use straight from the bag! We pack over the last 4 years them in their own juices so you can make an au jus reduction that complements any dish. Uses Boost your menu offering by adding a slow cooked taste without the wait. -
Guide to Identifying Meat Cuts
THE GUIDE TO IDENTIFYING MEAT CUTS Beef Eye of Round Roast Boneless* Cut from the eye of round muscle, which is separated from the bottom round. Beef Eye of Round Roast Boneless* URMIS # Select Choice Cut from the eye of round muscle, which is Bonelessseparated from 1the480 bottom round. 2295 SometimesURMIS referred # to Selectas: RoundChoic Eyee Pot Roast Boneless 1480 2295 Sometimes referred to as: Round Eye Pot Roast Roast, Braise,Roast, Braise, Cook in LiquidCook in Liquid BEEF Beef Eye of Round Steak Boneless* Beef EyeSame of muscle Round structure Steak as the EyeBoneless* of Round Roast. Same muscleUsually structure cut less than1 as inch the thic Eyek. of Round Roast. URMIS # Select Choice Usually cutBoneless less than1 1inch481 thic 2296k. URMIS #**Marinate before cooking Select Choice Boneless 1481 2296 **Marinate before cooking Grill,** Pan-broil,** Pan-fry,** Braise, Cook in Liquid Beef Round Tip Roast Cap-Off Boneless* Grill,** Pan-broil,** Wedge-shaped cut from the thin side of the round with “cap” muscle removed. Pan-fry,** Braise, VEAL Cook in Liquid URMIS # Select Choice Boneless 1526 2341 Sometimes referred to as: Ball Tip Roast, Beef RoundCap Off Roast, Tip RoastBeef Sirloin Cap-Off Tip Roast, Boneless* Wedge-shapedKnuckle Pcuteeled from the thin side of the round with “cap” muscle removed. Roast, Grill (indirect heat), Braise, Cook in Liquid URMIS # Select Choice Boneless Beef Round T1ip526 Steak Cap-Off 234 Boneless*1 Same muscle structure as Tip Roast (cap off), Sometimesbut cutreferred into 1-inch to thicas:k steaks.Ball Tip Roast, Cap Off Roast,URMIS # Beef Sirloin Select Tip ChoicRoast,e Knuckle PBonelesseeled 1535 2350 Sometimes referred to as: Ball Tip Steak, PORK Trimmed Tip Steak, Knuckle Steak, Peeled Roast, Grill (indirect heat), **Marinate before cooking Braise, Cook in Liquid Grill,** Broil,** Pan-broil,** Pan-fry,** Stir-fry** Beef Round Tip Steak Cap-Off Boneless* Beef Cubed Steak Same muscleSquare structureor rectangula asr-shaped. -
100195– Tuna, Chunk Light, Canned (K) Category
100195– Tuna, Chunk Light, Canned (K) Category: Meat/Meat Alternate PRODUCT DESCRIPTION NUTRITION FACTS This item is canned tuna packed in water with Serving size: 1 ounce (28 g)/1 MMA tuna, vegetable broth. The product contains a drained commercial Kosher certification. It is delivered in cases containing six 66.5-ounce cans. Amount Per Serving Calories 30 CREDITING/YIELD Total Fat 0g One case of tuna contains about 307 servings Saturated Fat 0g of drained tuna. Trans Fat 0g CN Crediting: 1 ounce of drained tuna credits Cholesterol 15mg as 1 ounce equivalent meat/meat alternate. Sodium 130mg Total Carbohydrate 0g CULINARY TIPS AND RECIPES Dietary Fiber 0g Canned tuna can be used in salads, sandwiches, or casseroles. Sugars 0g Mix tuna with chopped vegetables, mustard, Protein 6g and a little mayo for a tasty tuna topping to put on salad, whole grain sandwiches or crackers. Source: USDA Foods Vendor Labels For more culinary techniques and recipe ideas, visit the Institute of Child Nutrition or USDA’s Allergen Information: Product contains fish and soy. Please Team Nutrition. refer to allergen statement on the outside of the product package to confirm any vendor-specific information. For more information, please contact the product manufacturer directly. FOOD SAFETY INFORMATION For more information on safe storage and Nutrient values in this section are from the USDA National cooking temperatures, and safe handling Nutrient Database for Standard Reference or are representative practices please refer to: Developing a School values from USDA Foods vendor labels. Please refer to the product’s Nutrition Facts label or ingredient list for product- Food Safety Program Based on the Process specific information. -
The Evolution of Bulgogi Over the Past 100 Years*
Korea Journal, vol. 53, no. 4 (winter 2013): 168-194. 168 © Korean NationalKOREA Commission JOURNAL for / UNESCO, WINTER 2013 The Evolution of Bulgogi over the Past 100 Years* LEE Kyou Jin and CHO Mi Sook Abstract The purpose of this research is to examine the history of bulgogi’s transition and development over the past century. While bulgogi carries on the legacy of Korean traditional roasted meat, it is simultaneously a very unique cuisine, of which the rec- ipe and meaning have changed over time according to shifting economic and social conditions. As a result, bulgogi is not merely a simple dish; rather, the term embodies numerous symbolic meanings of Korean food culture. The origin of this seasoned roast meat can be traced back to the Goguryeo dynasty (37 BC–AD 668). In differ- ent historical periods and social contexts, bulgogi has gone through unusual and dynamic transitions of cooking methods, such as roasting and boiling. One of its first transitional periods (1920s–1960s) is marked by the use of grilled beef that origi- nates from neobiani and the commercialized cooking process of roasting. During the developmental phase of bulgogi (1960s–1990s), bulgogi boiled in meat broth appeared, quickly gaining popularity. The phase of decline in bulgogi consumption and popularity was followed by the revival of bulgogi (after the 1990s), when it was adapted through various cooking methods. Keywords: grilled bulgogi, beef broth bulgogi, neobiani, roast meat, Korean food culture * This article is a revision of LEE Kyou Jin’s Ph.D. dissertation, “Geundae ihu 100 nyeongan hanguk yungnyu guui munhwa-ui byeonhwa” (Korean Food Culture of Eating Meat during the Past 100 Years) at Ewha Womans University in 2010. -
Cuisines of Asia
WORLD CULINARY ARTS: Korea Recipes from Savoring the Best of World Flavors: Korea Copyright © 2014 The Culinary Institute of America All Rights Reserved This manual is published and copyrighted by The Culinary Institute of America. Copying, duplicating, selling or otherwise distributing this product is hereby expressly forbidden except by prior written consent of The Culinary Institute of America. SPICY BEEF SOUP YUKKAEJANG Yield: 2 gallons Ingredients Amounts Beef bones 15 lb. Beef, flank, trim, reserve fat 2½ lb. Water 3 gal. Onions, peeled, quartered 2 lb. Ginger, 1/8” slices 2 oz. All-purpose flour ½ cup Scallions, sliced thinly 1 Tbsp. Garlic, minced ½ Tbsp. Korean red pepper paste ½ cup Soybean paste, Korean 1 cup Light soy sauce 1 tsp. Cabbage, green, ¼” wide 4 cups chiffonade, 1” lengths Bean sprouts, cut into 1” lengths 2 cups Sesame oil 1 Tbsp. Kosher salt as needed Ground black pepper as needed Eggs, beaten lightly 4 ea. Method 1. The day prior to cooking, blanch the beef bones. Bring blanched bones and beef to a boil, lower to simmer. Remove beef when it is tender, plunge in cold water for 15 minutes. Pull into 1-inch length strips, refrigerate covered Add onions and ginger, simmer for an additional hour, or until proper flavor is achieved. Strain, cool, and store for following day (save fat skimmed off broth). 4. On the day of service, skim fat off broth - reserve, reheat. 5. Render beef fat, browning slightly. Strain, transfer ¼ cup of fat to stockpot (discard remaining fat), add flour to create roux, and cook for 5 minutes on low heat. -
Eating Less Meat
Eating Less Meat South Durham Green Neighbors This is the fourth in a series on taking larger steps toward sustainability. You know yourself best. What would it take to get yourself to eat less meat? Are Plant-based Diets Really That Great? Yes! PlantPure Nation, a documentary on plant-based diets, makes claims about the environmental and health benefits of those diets. A check on two databases of articles, Proquest Central and Pub Med, backs up these claims. (See references below.) Note: Plant-based diets vary from complete veganism to a diet of primarily plants with small quantities of fish +/- chicken and no red meat. Environmentally, British researchers have found that the plant-based diets results in lower greenhouse gas emissions. The age-and-sex-adjusted mean GHG emissions in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalents per day (kgCO2e/day) were: 7.19 for high meat-eaters, 3.91 for fish-eaters, 5.63 for medium meat-eaters, 3.81 for vegetarians and 4.67 for low meat-eaters, 2.89 for vegans. In other words, eating lots of meat = bad, eating less or no meat = good. Medical research articles can be confusing, but by checking medical review articles you can avoid trying to make sense of lots of individual research studies. In these reviews, researchers look at all the studies they can find on a topic, check the quality of the research, and crunch the numbers to find out what the evidence really says. Below are some sources, but here’s the bottom line: Plant-based diets significantly reduce the risk of: Diabetes Obesity Hypertension Total cholesterol LDL Cholesterol Colorectal cancer Stroke When it comes to plant-based diets, what’s not to like? Creating Your Plan If you still want to eat meat, there’s an easy way to make sure you are at least not overindulging in it: Think of your plate as a circle divided roughly into quarters. -
Fish, Meat, Poultry, Dairy, and Eggs
Fish, Meat, Poultry, Dairy, and Eggs Session 4 Background Information Tips Goals Fish, Meat, Assessment Poultry, Dairy, and Eggs In an average WEEK, how many servings Could be Needs to of these foods do you eat? Desirable improved be improved 1. Fish, including canned tuna 2+ 1 0 2. Bacon, sausage, hot dogs or cold cuts 0-2 3-4 5+ like bologna, salami, Spam™ or deli meats including turkey and beef 3. Chicken or turkey, excluding chicken or 3+ 2 0-1 turkey cold cuts On an average DAY, how many servings of these foods do you eat? 4. Red meat like roasts, steaks, stew meat, 0-1 2 3+ ribs, chops, BBQ, ham or hamburger, either alone or in dishes like meatloaf or spaghetti sauce On average, how many servings of these foods do you eat? 5. Dairy products, such as milk, cheese, and Number of servings per day _____ yogurt or Number of servings per week _____ 6. Eggs, including in cooking? Number of servings per day _____ or Number of servings per week _____ Fish, Meat, Poultry, Dairy, and Eggs 83 Fish, Meat, Background Information Poultry, Dairy, and Eggs Why Is Fish Important? Eating fish can reduce your risk for getting heart disease. Tis is because fish are high in healthy fats. How Much Fish Should I Eat? You should eat fish ofen. Try to eat fish at least once a week to help lower your chances of heart disease. What Fish Should I Eat? In deciding what fish to eat, pay attention to mercury levels. -
An Inquiry Into Animal Rights Vegan Activists' Perception and Practice of Persuasion
An Inquiry into Animal Rights Vegan Activists’ Perception and Practice of Persuasion by Angela Gunther B.A., Simon Fraser University, 2006 Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the School of Communication ! Angela Gunther 2012 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Summer 2012 All rights reserved. However, in accordance with the Copyright Act of Canada, this work may be reproduced, without authorization, under the conditions for “Fair Dealing.” Therefore, limited reproduction of this work for the purposes of private study, research, criticism, review and news reporting is likely to be in accordance with the law, particularly if cited appropriately. Approval Name: Angela Gunther Degree: Master of Arts Title of Thesis: An Inquiry into Animal Rights Vegan Activists’ Perception and Practice of Persuasion Examining Committee: Chair: Kathi Cross Gary McCarron Senior Supervisor Associate Professor Robert Anderson Supervisor Professor Michael Kenny External Examiner Professor, Anthropology SFU Date Defended/Approved: June 28, 2012 ii Partial Copyright Licence iii Abstract This thesis interrogates the persuasive practices of Animal Rights Vegan Activists (ARVAs) in order to determine why and how ARVAs fail to convince people to become and stay veg*n, and what they might do to succeed. While ARVAs and ARVAism are the focus of this inquiry, the approaches, concepts and theories used are broadly applicable and therefore this investigation is potentially useful for any activist or group of activists wishing to interrogate and improve their persuasive practices. Keywords: Persuasion; Communication for Social Change; Animal Rights; Veg*nism; Activism iv Table of Contents Approval ............................................................................................................................. ii! Partial Copyright Licence ................................................................................................. -
Tracing Posthuman Cannibalism: Animality and the Animal/Human Boundary in the Texas Chain Saw Massacre Movies
The Cine-Files, Issue 14 (spring 2019) Tracing Posthuman Cannibalism: Animality and the Animal/Human Boundary in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre Movies Ece Üçoluk Krane In this article I will consider insights emerging from the field of Animal Studies in relation to a selection of films in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (hereafter TCSM) franchise. By paying close attention to the construction of the animal subject and the human-animal relation in the TCSM franchise, I will argue that the original 1974 film, The Texas Chain Saw Massacre II (1986) and the 2003 reboot The Texas Chain Saw Massacre all transgress the human-animal boundary in order to critique “carnism.”1 As such, these films exemplify “posthuman cannibalism,” which I define as a trope that transgresses the human-nonhuman boundary to undermine speciesism and anthropocentrism. In contrast, the most recent installment in the TCSM franchise Leatherface (2017) paradoxically disrupts the human-animal boundary only to re-establish it, thereby diverging from the earlier films’ critiques of carnism. For Communication scholar and animal advocate Carrie Packwood Freeman, the human/animal duality lying at the heart of speciesism is something humans have created in their own minds.2 That is, we humans typically do not consider ourselves animals, even though we may acknowledge evolution as a factual account of human development. Freeman proposes that we begin to transform this hegemonic mindset by creating language that would help humans rhetorically reconstruct themselves as animals. Specifically, she calls for the replacement of the term “human” with “humanimal” and the term “animal” with “nonhuman animal.”3 The advantage of Freeman’s terms is that instead of being mutually exclusive, they are mutually inclusive terms that foreground commonalities between humans and animals instead of differences. -
Spicy Beef Tongue Stew
Spicy Beef Tongue Stew Serves six 1 beef tongue – trimmed 1 celery stalk 1 small carrot – halved 2 garlic cloves – peeled and smashed + 1 for the chilies 4 fresh thyme sprigs 1 small white onion – peeled and halved + ½ for the chilies 1 chili pepper – halved 6 red chilies (aji Colorado or aji Panka) or 3 Guajillos, 3 Ancho and 3 chile Arbol 1 TBS cumin 1 tsp. salt 1/8 cup canola oil ¼ cup peas (can be thawed frozen ones or fresh) 1 large carrot – peeled and cut into sticks Salt & Pepper Rinse the trimmed beef tongue and place it in a pressure cooker. Add the celery, onion, carrot, garlic cloves, thyme and chili pepper. Cook for about 1 hour – after the pressure cooker starts making noise. While the tongue is cooking – stem the dry chili pods. Cut them in the middle and seed them. Char them by placing them directly on an open flame. If you do not have a gas stove, go ahead and press them down on a dry, hot skillet until they blister. Place the charred chilies in a bowl and cover with water. Soak for about 25 to 30 minutes. Once soaked, place them in a blender with the remaining onion, garlic and cumin. Add about 1 cup of the soaking liquid and blend until you have a smooth paste with no chili chunks. Once the tongue is cooked – cool down the pressure cooker completely and remove them. Do not discard the cooking liquid. Cool them down and peel them by pulling on the skin and membrane on the meat.