Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized

ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Table of Contents

List of Figures...... v List of Tables ...... vi Acronyms and Abbreviations ...... vii Executive Summary ...... ix World Bank’s Environmental and Social Policies ...... ix 1.0 CHAPTER ONE: Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Objectives of the ESMP ...... 1 1.2 Rationale for the Study/ESMP ...... 1 1.3 Scope of ESMP ...... 1 1.4 Work Execution Plan/Methodology ...... 2 1.4.1 Data Collection & Information Gathering ...... 2 1.4.2 Literature review ...... 2 1.4.3 Field Visits ...... 2 1.4.4 Stakeholder Consultations ...... 2 1.4.5 Identification of potential Environmental & Social impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 3 1.5 Environment and Social Safeguards Issues ...... 3 CHAPTER TWO: Project Description ...... 4 2.0 Background ...... 4 2.1 Project Components ...... 4 2.2 Description of Project Intervention ...... 5 CHAPTER THREE: Relevant Policies, Legal and Administrative Framework ...... 7 3.1 introduction ...... 7 3.2 Policy and Legal Framework ...... 7 3.3 Administrative Framework ...... 8 3.3.1 Federal MDAs ...... 8 3.3.2 State MDAs ...... 8 3.4.3 World Bank Safeguard Policies ...... 9 3.4 International Treaties and Conventions on Environment to which Nigeria is a party ...... 9 3.5 Gender Based Violence ...... 10 3.6 International Treaties Relevant to GBV ...... 10 3.7 Regional Treaties Relevant to GBV ...... 11 3.8 National polices ...... 11 CHAPTER FOUR: Description of Project Environment ...... 12 4.1 Overview of the Project Environment ...... 12 4.2. Description of the Physical Environment ...... 12 4.2.1. Climate...... 13 4.2.2. Rainfall ...... 13 4.2.4. Temperature ...... 13 4.2.4 Vegetation ...... 13 4.2.5. Geology ...... 13 4.2.6. Relative Humidity ...... 13 4.2.7. Hydrology & Drainage ...... 14 4.2.8 Wind Speed ...... 14

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill ii ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

4.2.9 Air Quality ...... 14 4.2.9.1 Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) ...... 15 4.2.9.2 Carbon Monoxide (CO) ...... 15 4.2.9.3 Sulphur Oxides (SO2) ...... 16 4.2.9.4 Nitrogen Oxides (NO2) ...... 16 4.2.9.5 Ammonia (NH3) ...... 16 4.2.9.6 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC’s) ...... 16 4.2.9.7 Noise Level ...... 18 4.2.10 Physico-chemical parameters of Water ...... 18 4.2.10.1 Groundwater Heavy Metals ...... 18 4.2.11 Soil Characteristics ...... 20 4.2.11.1 Soil pH ...... 20 4.2.11.2 Conductivity ...... 21 4.2.11.3 Total Organic Matter ...... 22 4.2.11.4 Nitrate, Sulphates and phosphates ...... 22 4.2.11.5 Oil and Grease ...... 22 4.2.11.6 Heavy Metals ...... 22 4.2.11.7 Exchangeable Sodium Percentage / Sodium Adsorption Ratio ...... 22 4.2.11.8 Exchangeable Cation ...... 23 4.2.11.9 Soil Moisture Content ...... 23 4.3 Socioeconomic Environment ...... 23 4.3.1 Ethnic Composition ...... 23 4.3.2 Socioeconomic Conditions of the project area ...... 23 4.3.2.1 Age Distribution ...... 24 4.3.2.2 Occupation Distribution ...... 25 4.3.2.3 Income Distribution ...... 25 4.3.2.4 Educational Level ...... 26 4.3.2.5 Health Care ...... 26 4.3.2.6 Economic Activities ...... 26 4.3.2.7 Water & Sanitation ...... 26 4.4 Baseline Environmental and Social Issues ...... 27 CHAPTER FIVE: DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS ...... 30 5.1 Background ...... 30 5.2 Project Area of Influence ...... 30 5.2.1 Physical Environmental & Social Media Influence ...... 30 5.3 Project Activities of Environmental and Social Concern...... 30 5.4 Identification of Potential Positive Impacts ...... 31 CHAPTER SIX: Environmental and Social Mitigation and Management Plan ...... 37 6.1 Introduction ...... 37 6.2 Mitigation/Action Plan ...... 37 6.2. Institutional arrangements ...... 61 6.3 Monitoring and Reporting ...... 65 6.3.2 Monitoring Activities ...... 66 6.3.3 Reporting Procedures ...... 69 6.3.4. Record Keeping and Control ...... 70 6.4 Capacity Building for Implementation of ESMP and Permit Conditions ...... 74 6.5 Objectives of the training ...... 75 6.6 Output of the training ...... 75

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill iii ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

6.8 Estimated Budget for ESMP Implementation...... 76 6.9 ESMP Disclosures ...... 76 CHAPTER SEVEN: Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 78 7.1 Introduction ...... 78 CHAPTER Eight: Stakeholder Consultations...... 82 8.1 Introduction ...... 82 8.2 Objectives of Consultation ...... 82 8.3 Stakeholder Consultation Strategy and Plan ...... 82 8.4 Stakeholders Consulted ...... 85 8.5 Outcome of Stakeholder Consultations carried out during ESMP Preparation ...85 8.6 Conclusion ...... 92 References ...... 94 Annex 1 ...... 95 List of Stakeholders Met During Study ...... 95 Annex 2 ...... 97 Summary of World Bank Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies ...... 97 Annex 3 ...... 99 General Environnemental Management Conditions For Construction Contracts ...... 99 Annex 4: References ...... 103 Terms of Reference ...... 103 Annex 6 ...... 111 Environmental & Social Performance Monitoring Checklist...... 111 Annex 7 ...... 114 Project Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan (OHS-MP)...... 114 Annex 8 ...... 116 Sample Questionnaire ...... 116 Annex 9 ...... 118 Company Code of Conduct...... 118 Manager’s Code of Conduct ...... 121 Annex 10 ...... 128 Annex 11 ...... 134 Project Traffic Management Plan (Sample) ...... 134 4. Employee Transportation ...... 134 5. Speed Limits ...... 135 6.Communications And Notification Protocols ...... 135 Annex 12 ...... 136 Contingency and Emergency Response Plan (Sample) ...... 136

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill iv ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

List of Figures

Figure 1. Map of Bauchi State 14 Figure 2: Map of Sampling Locations 17 Figure 3: Age distribution in Project Area 29 Figure 4: Occupation of respondents in Project Area 29 Figure 5: Income Distribution of respondents in Project Area 30 Figure 6: Educational level of respondents in Project Area 30 Figure 7: pictures of treatment plant sub-components included in expansion works 33 Figure 8: Flow Chart Depiction of Bauchi NUWSRP3 GRM Process 59 Figure9: Pictures of consultation meetings 63

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill v ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

List of Tables

TABLE 1: SAFEGUARD POLICIES TRIGGERED...... 3 TABLE 2: PROJECT INTERVENTION SCHEME ...... 6 TABLE 3: RELEVANT FEDERAL/STATE POLICIES, LEGISLATIONS, REGULATIONS & GUIDELINES ...... 7 TABLE 4: INTERNATIONAL TREATIES AND CONVENTIONS ON ENVIRONMENT TO WHICH NIGERIA IS A PARTY ...... 10 TABLE 5: HOUR STANDARDS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ...... 14 TABLE 6: AIR QUALITY RESULTS FOR BAUCHI DAM TRANSMISSION PIPELINES ...... 17 TABLE 7: NIGERIA’S STANDARD NOISE LEVELS (FEPA, 1991) ...... 18 TABLE 8: PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS FOR WATER SAMPLES ...... 19 TABLE 9: SOIL TEST & ANALYSIS RESULTS ...... 21 TABLE 10: MICROBIAL ISOLATES OF SOIL SAMPLES ...... 21 TABLE 11: SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECT AREA ...... 23 TABLE 12: BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL ISSUES OBSERVED ...... 28 TABLE 13: PROJECT PHASES & ACTIVITIES ...... 30 TABLE 14: EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL POSITIVE IMPACTS...... 31 TABLE 15: EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL ADVERSE IMPACTS ...... 32 TABLE 16: MITIGATION MEASURES/ACTIONS FOR POTENTIAL SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ...... 38 TABLE 17: ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 61 TABLE 18: SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL PARAMETERS MONITORING PLAN...... 67 TABLE 19: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL MONITORING ...... 69 TABLE 20:REPORTING PROCEDURES ...... 70 TABLE 21: TENTATIVE ESMP IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ...... 71 TABLE 22: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITY OF INSTITUTIONS TO IMPLEMENT THE ESMP ...... 72 TABLE 23: CAPACITY BUILDING PLAN FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ESMP & PERMIT CONDITIONS ...... 75 TABLE 24:CONTRACTUAL MEASURES ...... 76 TABLE 25: ESMP BUDGET ...... 76 TABLE 26:ESMP DISCLOSURE ...... 77 TABLE 27: STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT PROGRAMME ...... 83 TABLE 28: PUBLIC CONSULTATION TABLE ...... 87 TABLE 29: STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS TABLE 2 ...... 88 TABLE 30: STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS TABLE 3 ...... 89 TABLE 26: STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS TABLE 4 ...... 90 TABLE 32: STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS TABLE 5 ...... 91

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill vi ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Acronyms and Abbreviations

ACRWC African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child ACHPR African Charter on Human & Peoples Rights AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Al Aluminum BASEPA Bauchi State Environmental Protection Agency BSME&F Bauchi State Ministry of Environment & Forestry BP Bank Policy C Carbon Ca Calcium CEC Cation Exchange Capacity CLO Community Liaison Officer Cu copper dBA Decibel 0C Degree centigrade EA Environmental Assessment EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ES Executive Summary ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan ESP Exchangeable Sodium Percentage FEPA Federal Environmental Protection Agency Fe Iron FMEnv Federal Ministry of Environment FMWR Federal Ministry of Water Resources FRSC Federal Road Safety Corps FMP Facilities Management Plan GBV Gender Based Violence GIS Geographic Information System g Gram GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism HIV Human Immuno-virus H&S Health and Safety H2S Hydrogen Sulfide KII Key Informant Interview kg kilogram LFN Law of the Federation of Nigeria LGA Local Government Authority MDAs Ministries, Departments and Agencies MPN Most Probable Number Mg Manganese Hg Mercury µg Microgram m3 Meter cube NESREA National Environmental Standards and Regulatory Agency NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations NUSWRP3 Third National Urban Sector & Water Reform Project

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill vii ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

NOx Oxides of Nitrogen OHS Occupational, Health and Safety OP Operational Policy O2 Oxygen PAD Project Appraisal Document PAPs Project Affected Persons Pb lead PCU Project Coordination Unit PM Particulate Matter PM10 Particulate matter10 micrometers or less PMIS Performance Monitoring and Information System ppm part per million PPE Personnel Protective Equipment QA Quality Assurance QC Quality Control RH Relative Humidity SEP Stakeholders Engagement Plan SEPA State Environmental Protection Agency SPIU State Project Implementation Unit SOx Oxides of Sulphur STDs Sexually Transmitted Diseases ToR Terms of Reference TSS Total Suspended Solids TSP Total Suspended Particulates VOC Volatile Organic Compounds WASH Water, Sanitation and Hygiene WB World Bank WBS Works Breakdown Structure

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill viii ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Executive Summary

Background The Federal Government of Nigeria secured financing from the World Bank toward the cost of the Third National Urban Water Sector Reform Project (NUWSRP3) to rehabilitate and build infrastructure needed to increase access to water supply services to populations in selected cities and urban centers in Bauchi, Ekiti, and Rivers States, including the urban poor, and to implement key sector reforms to ensure sustainability of operations of the water services. As part of the NUWSRP3 the Project will provide financing to rehabilitate and build infrastructure needed to increase access to water supply services to population in Bauchi metropolis.

Project Development Objective The Project Development Objectives are: a) to increase access to improved water supply service in Selected States of Nigeria and improve the financial viability of existing water utilities in those States, and b) to increase the investment planning capacity of participating States.

Objectives of the ESMP The overall objective of this exercise is to prepare an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for the rehabilitation of 22,000m3 concrete reservoir at Warinje Hills. The identified sub-project is classified as category “B” project according to the World Bank categorization and a category II project according to the FMEnv categorization.

Policy, Institutional & Regulatory Framework In Nigeria, the power of regulation of all environmental matters is vested in the Federal Ministry of Environment (FMENV); hitherto, the now defunct Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) was set up by Act, of 1988. Mandate for environmental protection and management related to projects in various sectors of Nigerian economy are enforced under: • Current Federal, State and Local and relevant acts, rules, regulations and standards, and the common law of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (FRN) • International environmental agreements and treaties ratified by the Federal Republic of Nigeria • World Bank Policies

Social matters in this ESMP have been considered under the following: • National Gender Policy • International & regional treaties on Gender Based Violence (GBV)

World Bank’s Environmental and Social Policies The World Bank's environmental and social safeguard policies are a cornerstone of its support to sustainable poverty reduction. The objective of these policies is to prevent and mitigate undue harm to people and their environment in the development process. The effectiveness and development impact of projects and programs supported by the Bank has substantially increased as a result of compliance to these policies have often provided a platform for the participation of stakeholders in project design, and have been an important instrument for building ownership among local populations.

Baseline Description The planned intervention for the rehabilitation of the 22,000m3 concrete reservoir at Warinje Hills would involve activities such as ground works; excavation, civil works, filling and construction of earth structures e.g. drainages & embankments, bunds and cuttings, backfilling of excavated

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill ix ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3 areas, landscaping reinstatement and habitat restoration or creation. The major environmental issues observed in the sub-project area are erosion, drainage & run-off concerns, while considering that the intervention would be carried out within the premises of the Warinje Hills reservoir, there are no physical or economic displacement issues envisaged within the worksite area. Social issues observed was mainly disturbance of social sensitivity areas along the routes that would be followed by the trucks and equipment, especially in conveying materials and people to and from the worksite.

Environmental & Social Mitigation/Action Plan The summary of potential environmental and social impacts, mitigation and management measures for Positive impacts of the project are an improved access to water, employment generation, improvement in sanitation and an overall improvement in both the local and national economy. The summary of adverse potential environmental and social impacts, mitigation and management measures for the significant adverse impacts are of the project is presented in Table ES1.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill x ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Table ES. 1: Mitigation measures/actions for potential significant adverse impacts

Project Activities Potential Environmental and Proposed Mitigation Mitigation Parameters Social Impacts. Measures/Actions

Site Preparatory Uncontrolled discharge of • Ensure usage of water Level of water in the activities of wastewater (effluents) stored in existing reservoir reservoir reservoir for before rehabilitation decommissioning. • Conduct washout pipes to discharge water to existing drainage system at a rate the drainage can carry to prevent flooding. • Ensure effluent from construction activities are properly monitored by the contractor using water quality measuring equipment so as not to contain harmful materials before discharged into the natural environment. Acquiring land, • Physical & Economic • Pay full compensation • Potential land construction and displacements for land if land is disputes or land loss operation for • Disputes arising from land privately owned, • Potential ecological workers camp. acquisition for workers • Explore all available disturbances (Land acquisition) camp options while selecting • Damage to local land and worker’s camp with the property and create objective of avoiding or amongst local residents a minimizing negative sense of their privacy impacts on communities being invaded. and maintaining constructive relationships between local communities and worker’s camp, . • Grievances and disputes • Establishment and Ensure Grievances are (GRM) arising from operation of an effective resolved. construction activities GRM accessible to • community members— ideally with involvement of the community, district level committee and Community Based Organizations to facilitate early identification of problems and targeted mitigating interventions by SPIU. Labour influx that might • Encourage regular Strictly monitor Migration of create conflict and other engagement meetings compliance with workers to project social ills with host with community and mitigation measures put site for work. ESMPcommunities. – Rehabilitation And of potential 22,000m 3 Concreteperiodic Reservoir at Warinje special Hill in place to check for xi ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

use of under age children meetings with vulnerable impacts for unsafe labour at the & women groups in a project sites safe place to ensure social inclusiveness on • the project • Ensure contractor staff are informed of legal consequences of child labour to discourage practice • Ensure non-compliance cases have severe consequences • Employment process to include procedures for engagement where ID showing verified date of birth is mandatory • Equal opportunity for employment to be extended to both genders • Increase in spread of • Regular sensitization of • Observe influence Communicable diseases, workforce and of sub-project to STDs, tuberculosis and communities on risks of check for impacts HIV/AIDS such as: labor influx, communicable diseases, GBV and SEA, VAC STDs, HIV/AIDS and STDs. Potential temporary physical • Mandatory and regular or economic training for workers on displacement, if any required lawful conduct and provide in the project areas and • Periodic review of legal consequences for Complaints and failure to comply with records laws

• Sourcing of • Soil impacts and • Ensure QA/QC is • QA/QC Procedures materials; sediment transport established on in place Use of haulage • Air quality deterioration inspection of materials, • Availability of trucks for sand & • Vibration & Noise which are to be of best materials on site laterite supply quality to prevent • Complaints from Mobilisation of Plant defective outcomes on neighboring & Equipment construction sites communities • Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 decibels (dba) when measured at a distance of 10m or more from vehicles, plants and machinery.

Site clearing and • Soil impacts and • Vegetation (grasses) Observable change in earthworks sediment transport should be cleared only turbidity of water in • Occupational health when contractor is fully drains and safety (OHS) mobilised for Air quality check construction.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill xii ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

• Develop and implement -Observable oil sheen in a project specific drains Occupational Health and Safety Plan (OHSP). All construction • Visual intrusion • Develop and Implement Compliance with phase activities for a Waste Management housekeeping rehabilitation of Plan (WMP) requirements in and concrete reservoir • The construction sites around the site involving fencing, should be boarded off groundworks, from public view. earthworks etc. • Ensure good housekeeping at the construction site. • Ensure an acceptable post-construction site as per provisions in the contract. Construction phase • Generation of sewage • The sewage system Visual assessment activities - Use of for the camp will be compliance with the workers camp designed, built and provision of a standard operated in such a sewage system manner that it should not pollute the ground water or nearby surface water. • Separate toilets/bathrooms, will be arranged for men and women. The number of toilet and bathroom units shall be in accordance with best practice standards (minimum 1 toilet/ bathroom for 20 persons All construction • Generation and disposal • Apply the principles of • Compliance with phase activities for of solid and liquid waste Reduce, Reuse and Waste rehabilitation of Recover for waste management plan concrete reservoir management. involving fencing, groundworks, earthworks etc. and generation of different waste streams associated with activities All construction Associated injuries, • Develop a project • Provision of PPE by phase activities for Occupational health and specific Occupational Contractors rehabilitation of safety (OHS) issues Health and Safety Plan • Observable concrete reservoir (OHSP) commensurate involving fencing, to construction activities. groundworks, OHSP to include but not earthwork - limited to: excavation of • Prohibition of drug and trenches etc. alcohol use by workers while on the job. Use of plant and • Provision of adequate equipment for the first aid, first aiders, PPE, work signage (English and

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill xiii ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Hausa languages). • Restriction of unauthorized access to all areas of high risk activities. • Provision of specific personnel training on worksite OHS management. • Ensure that staging areas for contractor equipment are adequately delineated and cordoned off with reflective tapes and barriers • Any uncovered work pits should have appropriate signage and protection around them • Workers should get a daily induction/toolbox before going on the site and a refresher of what happened on site a day before • Adequate safety signage on construction sites should be installed to alert community/drivers/pede strians • lighting and/or reflective tapes and signages integrated in all worksites for safety at night • appropriate security measures in place to prevent harassment or kidnapping of workers • Provide and enforce the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) Construction phase • Public safety and traffic • Screen off the • activities issues construction sites to prevent access by unauthorised persons. Transport of • Use caution tapes and equipment and warning signs at the materials to and construction sites around from site trenches and excavations. • Deliver construction equipment and materials to the site outside peak periods such as in the evening or

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill xiv ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

weekends. Construction phase • Sanitation issues and • Provide bins on site for Ensure availability and activities public health impacts temporary storage of use of bins waste such as lubricant Promote proper records Use of workers containers, drinking on frequency and camp water sachets and location of waste carrier bags/packaging disposal site of domestic materials. and construction waste Ensure provision of mobile toilet facilities in place

Operation phase Waste generation and • Regularly empty waste • Segregation of activities disposal bins at the various waste as required locations when full. • Use of bins provided Waste • Prepare a waste management management system Generated from Have in place a operation of maintenance plan for rehabilitated the electrical, plumbing, concrete reservoir mechanical and civil components of the construction.

All Occupational/public safety Implement WMP Transportation for decommissioning and traffic impacts The contractor will be monitoring workers’ activities required to ensure that: awareness of Waste management Personal protective gears Contractor’s health and are provided to workers safety policy involved with -Availability and proper decommissioning of facilities. use of PPEs final movement of vehicles -Availability and proper and equipment comply with use of warning signs approved speed limits within -Availability of first aid kit the communities. -Adherence to health all community complaints and safety procedures are resolved before handing -Records on frequency, over the project. type and source of • Ensure that any illness/accident/injury remaining waste streams -Records on non- created during compliances construction activities -Absence of and waste generated unauthorized persons at during decommissioning active activities are collected from the project sites Records on frequency and properly disposed and location of waste before handing over the disposal site of domestic project. and construction waste

Monitoring In complying with requirements of OP 4.01 and the laws of Nigeria and Bauchi State, this ESMP has identified and assessed key environmental and social impacts and concerns that may arise from the implementation of the proposed project. A monitoring programme to help detect changes arising from the predicted adverse impacts has also been presented in this ESMP.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill xv ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Capacity Building The Capacity building measures (properly discussed in section 6.4) and other requirements proposed to ensure effective implementation of the ESMP and environmental permit conditions has an estimated cost of N850,000.00 and some of the key modules are:

• Training workshop and sensitization programmes for the Engineering Consultants, Contractors and their workers, authorities of benefiting institutions, and other key stakeholders on the ESMP and its implementation, FMEnv permit schedule and triggered World Bank Safeguards Policy; • Induction on environmental, social occupational and public health and safety requirements of the works; • Reporting.

Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) The GRM is an important aspect, especially in projects involving land acquisition or displacement. The redress of grievance is important to avoid unnecessary legal delays and cost overrun of the project. This ESMP has included a Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) in Chapter 7 to manage some of these social risks and others, which cannot be foreseen now with a view to ensuring successful project development and implementation, experience has revealed that open dialogue and collaborative grievance resolution represent the best practice.

Implementation Schedule The project implementation schedule estimates that the project would to be completed in 18 months.

Stakeholder Consultations Stakeholder consultations would be an on-going process throughout the lifecycle of this project. Public consultations were held between Dec 15 2018 and January 15 2019 with community leaders & other members of the community and subsequent follow-up meetings with other key stakeholders in the MDAs to obtain opinions, comments and concerns on the proposed expansion project with respect to the potential environmental and socio-economic issues/ and impacts that have been addressed in the study. The stakeholders consulted were: • Institutions: o State Project Implementation Unit (State PIU) o Gubi Water treatment plant management & staff o Bauchi State Ministry of Environment o Federal Ministry of Environment o Bauchi State Ministry of Water Resources o Bauchi State Urban Development Board o Bauchi State Environmental Protection Agency (BASEPA) • Local Community Leaders also called Hakimai, Dagatai or Mai-anguwas).

Some of the issues raised during the meetings are shown in table ES 3:

Table ES 3: Summary of issues raised during Stakeholder meetings Issues Raised How they were addressed 1. They need this project because currently their The goal of the project intervention is to deliver houses are not served and their wells are drying the benefits of providing access to water for all. up due to the increase of sinking boreholes and

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill xvi ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

the borehole water is contaminated. 2. Most women are housewives with little or no The issue raised is more of a cultural barrier than funds thus they have to depend on their economic. However, the project will ensure that husbands. Additionally, some women would both male and female have equal opportunity love to work but because of religion they to work. This has also been included in this cannot even work even if slot is given, until it’s document. approved by the men who are the decision makers. 3. Their children even the boy child can be This issue will be given due attention in this ESMP harassed and lured into drugs and alcohol, to make sure child labour is not exploited on this since children are involved in hawking. project. Measures will be put in place to monitor compliance. 4. There are no systems in place to lay Regular interactions will be held between the grievances in case of eventuality, as women SPIU and the community, including the are not allowed to speak out vulnerable groups to ensure social inclusion. 5. Communicable diseases e.g. HIV/ Issue has been included in the ESMP to ensure Tuberculosis due to influx of workers, while their mitigation of this impact. primary health care is not functional.

Estimated Budget for the Implementation of ESMP

The environmental and social management actions is estimated at Fifteen Million, Five Hundred and Five Thousand Naira Only (N15,575,000.00), and the dollar equivalent is Forty Three Thousand, Two Hundred and Sixty Three Dollars, Eighty Nine Cents Only ($43,263.43) .

Table ES 4: ESMP Budget Unit Cost Total* Source of # Item Unit financing Local US$ Local US$ World ($1=N305) Bank interventi on loan 1 Mitigation Sum 8,700,000.0 24,166.67 8,700,000.0 24,166.67 2 Capacity Building Sum 850,000.00 2,361.11 850,000.00 2,361.11 3 Monitoring & Audit Sum 3,700,000.0 10,277.78 3,700,000.0 10,277.78 4 Contingency 1,325,000.0 3,680.56 1,325,000.0 3,680.56

Total 15,575,000.0 43,263.89

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill xvii ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

CHAPTER ONE 1.0 Introduction

The Federal Government of Nigeria secured financing from the World Bank toward the cost of the Third National Urban Water Sector Reform Project (NUWSRP3) to rehabilitate and build infrastructures needed to increase access to water supply services to populations in selected cities and urban centers in Bauchi, Ekiti, and Rivers States, including the urban poor, and to implement key sector reforms to ensure sustainability of operations of the water services.

As part of the NUWSRP3 the Project will provide financing to rehabilitate and build infrastructure needed to increase access to water supply services to population in Bauchi metropolis. These could result in site-specific environmental and social impacts thus triggering the World Bank’s Safeguard Policies on Environmental Assessment OP 4.01, Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12), Project on International Waterways (OP/BP 7.50) and Safety of Dams (OP/BP 4.37). Since the impacts are site-specific, an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) is required. A standalone Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) is being prepared to address the issues associated with resettlement needs of project-affected persons (PAPs).

1.1 Objectives of the ESMP

The overarching objective of the ESMP is to ensure that the adverse environmental and social impacts likely to arise from sub-project activities are addressed, and appropriate mitigation measures integrated into project design and implementation in order to protect the environment and enhance social wellbeing.

1.2 Rationale for the Study/ESMP

An ESMP is required for pre-construction, during construction and post construction for environmental and social impacts, which could trigger the World Bank’s Safeguard Policies including Environmental Assessment OP 4.01 and Public Disclosure OP 17.60.

1.3 Scope of ESMP

The identified sub-projects are classified as category “B” project according to the World Bank categorization and a category II project according to the FMEnv categorization.

This ESMP provides an overview of the environmental and social baseline conditions of the proposed sub-projects, summarizes the potential environmental and social impacts associated with the proposed pipeline extension works and set out the environmental and social management measures required to mitigate any potential impacts in a series of sector specific Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs). The ESMP is to be utilized by the contractors, to be commissioned by the Project for the sub- projects, and will form the basis of Contractor’s ESMP (C-ESMP) and other site-specific

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 1 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3 management plans that will be prepared by the contractors as part of their construction methodology prior to works commencing.

1.4 Work Execution Plan/Methodology

This ESMP has been prepared in accordance with the standard procedures for Environmental Assessment, including other applicable World Bank safeguard policies Nigerian and Bauchi State policy guidelines. The methodology comprises of the following:

1.4.1 Data Collection & Information Gathering

Data collection and information gathering for this ESMP has been carried out through the implementation of the following:

1.4.2 Literature review

A thorough review of the existing environmental & social baseline information and other literature material such as the Project Appraisal Document (PAD) & (Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) was undertaken. This has enabled a proper understanding of the Bauchi State Water & Sewerage Project and the potential environmental and social conditions that exist in the different geopolitical zones. Among the documents that have been reviewed in order to familiarize and deeply understand the project included: Engineering Designs of sub-projects, Bauchi State environmental and social policies and guidelines, Nigeria’s National laws, edicts and regulations on environmental assessments, National Policies, World Bank Operational Policies and other relevant information.

1.4.3 Field Visits

Field visits commenced with the consulting team visiting the project location between Dec 15 2018 and January 15 2019 to assess the environmental & social impacts of the sub- project. The field visits have been important to provide understanding of the environmental and social challenges associated with this project.

1.4.4 Stakeholder Consultations

Discussions were undertaken with the State Project Implementation Unit (SPIU) on the 15th of December to kick off the work, while meetings were held on January 15th 2019 with other vital stakeholders such as the Federal Ministry of Environment, Bauchi State Ministry of Environment & Forestry, Bauchi State Ministry of Water Resources, Bauchi State Urban Development Board, Bauchi State Environmental Protection Agency and other relevant stakeholders such as the manager of the water treatment plan, the village heads of the various communities in the project area.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 2 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

1.4.5 Identification of potential Environmental & Social impacts and Mitigation Measures

The reconnaissance survey and site visits were carried out to identify potential impacts through a proper screening of the anticipated changes to the socio-environmental conditions (project-environment interactions). In order to ensure all the project activities are appropriately screened for environmental and social issues, a checklist tool was developed to screen each cycle of the project.

Mitigation measures have been proffered to either eliminate or minimize adverse environmental and social impacts of specific actions, projects or programs while also enhancing positive effects. The approach to mitigation has been to primarily engage the preventive principles of anticipated impacts based on well-known negative outcomes of project-environment interactions.

1.5 Environment and Social Safeguards Issues The activities of this project have triggered four of the World Bank environmental & social safeguard polices: Environmental Assessment (OP/BP4.01), Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12), Project on International Waterways (OP/BP 7.50) and Safety of Dams (OP/BP 4.37). This is shown in table 1.

Table 1: Safeguard Policies Triggered Policy Yes No Applicability due to How this Project Addresses Policy Requirements Environmental X Construction, civil and pipe- As targeted sites have been identified, an Assessment laying works will trigger site- ESMP has been carried out to determine (OP 4.01) specific impacts. Potential actual environmental and social issues in impacts include construction project area. impacts on environment etc. Involuntary X Arising from loss of assets, loss A separate RAP is being undertaken to Resettlement (OP of access to livelihood or identity Project Affected Persons (PAPs) 4.12) disturbances in the project area. Project on X Impact of water schemes According to the PAD an exception International receiving water from dams of has been internally approved in the Waterways OP/BP aquifers or tributaries of the Bank in respect to the River Niger 7.50 River Niger. riparian countries. Safety of Dams X Work activities related to A dam safety assessment (excerpts in OP/BP/ 4.37 potential impacts on Gubi annex 13) has been commissioned by dam even though no FMWR and conducted. substantive work is envisaged to be conducted on the dam.

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CHAPTER TWO: Project Description

2.0 Background

The Federal Government of Nigeria secured financing from the World Bank toward the cost of the Third National Urban Water Sector Reform Project (NUWSRP3) to rehabilitate and build infrastructure needed to increase access to water supply services to populations in selected cities and urban centers in Bauchi, Ekiti, and Rivers States, including the urban poor, and to implement key sector reforms to ensure sustainability of operations of the water services. As part of the NUWSRP3 the Project will provide financing to rehabilitate and build infrastructure needed to increase access to water supply services to population in Bauchi metropolis.

2.1 Project Components

The NUWSRP3 has three components as captured by the Project Appraisal Document (PAD) and the Environmental & Social Management Framework (ESMF). The project components and key activities under each of them are:

Component 1: Rehabilitation and Expansion of Water Production and Distribution Facilities and Small Towns Water Supply Improvement Through PPP in the Selected States. (Total of $300M)

Subcomponent 1.1 - Rehabilitation and Expansion of Water Production and Distribution Facilities

Sub-Component 1.2 Small Towns Water Supply Improvement in the selected States.

Component 2: Institutional Reform, Capacity Building and Emergency Works at the State Level ($45M)

Component 3: Institutional Reform, Capacity Building and Project Management at the Federal Level ($15M) Institutional Reform at the Federal Level, Capacity Building and Project Management ($15M)

Subcomponent 3.1-(a) Institutional Reform and Capacity Building at the Federal Level ($3M)

Subcomponent 3.1-(b) Performance Monitoring to Support Institutional Reform ($3M)

Subcomponent 3.1-(c) Support to the National Hydrological Information Service Agency ($3M)

Subcomponent 3.2. Project Management ($6M)

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2.2 Description of Project Intervention

The NUWSRP-3 activities in Bauchi State is to resolve the existing water shortages in areas currently being served by BSWSC in Bauchi city by improving and strengthening the existing water supply infrastructure in the state. However, a continually increasing population has translated to an inadequacy of the existing water supply infrastructure, in Bauchi. For instance, the population of Bauchi State as at the last population census conducted by the National Population Commission (NPC) in 2006 was 4,653,066. However, the current population of the state stands at 6,983,314 based on NPC projected annual increase of 3.4% (NPC, 2016). This population growth has also been accompanied with increase in demand for infrastructure and services especially water and sanitation and waste management.

According to a recent survey by WaterAid1, about 65% of Bauchi State residents lack access to clean water with only 13% of households having such access within their premises. This may not be unconnected with the fact that BSWSC currently covers 19% of the population of which only 13% have water connections. Others are supplied through alternative means including standpipes, boreholes and water tankers. Even for the few people with water connections, the average water supply does not exceed 7 hours daily due to poor status of the network.

Consequently, this intervention of the Rehabilitation of the 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill will involve activities such as minor civil works, replacement of damaged concrete parts of the reservoir, replacement of manholes, and re-instatement of the structural integrity of the reservoirs to enable it receive water transmitted from Gubi dam, store and distribute to the sub project affected area covers Warinje Hill, kofar turun, Gombe Gate and abujan kwata and to the Bauchi metropolis. The description of the project intervention scheme is shown in table 2.

1 WaterAid Report published in The Guardian on 10 September 2018. Retrieved online on 7 January 2019 from https://guardian.ng/news/65-of-bauchi-state-residents-lack-clean-water-says-wateraid-nigeria/

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Table 2: Project Intervention Scheme Phase Proposed Intervention Activities Pre- Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 • Sourcing of materials Construction Concrete Reservoir at Warinje • Supply of sand would be done by truck Hill haulage by local suppliers • Laterite supply would be done by truck haulage by local suppliers • Provision of energy on site using generating sets (generators) • Preparation of perimeter fencing • Earthworks (ground preparation) Construction • Ground works such as excavation, • Filling and the construction of earth structures e.g. drainages & embankments, bunds and cuttings; • Undertaking of Civil & masonry work according to the schedule of works • Construction of pipe supports and ancillaries • Carry out metal works (pipe works) plumbing, carpentry and joinery work for preparation of formwork or as may be necessary • Waterproofing works • Landscaping reinstatement and habitat restoration or creation Operation • Testing and Commissioning • Use & operating of 22,000m3 capacity concrete reservoir • Removal of waste generated during construction work

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CHAPTER THREE: Relevant Policies, Legal and Administrative Framework

3.1 introduction The relevant national and sector policies and plans, national legal and institutional frameworks and World Bank safeguards policies to guide the proposed Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill to ensure sustainable development and compliance with national and international regulations.

A number of national and international environmental guidelines are applicable to the operations of the NUWSRP3. In this chapter relevant Federal/State Policies, Legislations, Regulations & Guidelines, the administrative framework and International Treaties and Conventions on Environment to which Nigeria is a party are highlighted.

3.2 Policy and Legal Framework The act establishing the Federal Ministry of Environment places on it the responsibility of ensuring that all developments and industrial activities, operations and emissions are within the limits prescribed in the National Guidelines and Standards, and comply with relevant regulations for environmental pollution management in Nigeria as may be released by the Ministry. Environmental management in Nigeria is based on the National Policy on the Environment and various environmental legislations, regulations and guidelines. The relevant policy and regulatory instruments are summarized in Table. 3.

Table 3: Relevant Federal/State Policies, Legislations, Regulations & Guidelines S/N Policy Instrument Year Provisions 1 National Policy on the 1989 Describes the conceptual framework and Environment revised strategies for achieving the overall goal of 1991 and sustainable development in Nigeria. 2016 Legal/Regulatory Instrument 3. Environmental Impact 1992 (CAP Provide guidelines for activities of Assessment (EIA) Act No. 86 E12 LFN developmental projects for which EIA is 2004) mandatory in Nigeria. The Act also stipulates the minimum content of an EIA as well as a schedule of projects, which require mandatory EIAs. 3. Land Use Act 1978 The Act vests all land comprised in the territory modified of each state in the Federation in the Governor 1990 (CAP of the state and requires that such land have 202 LFN been held in trust and administered for the use 2004) and common benefit of all Nigerians in accordance with the provisions of the Act. 4. Forestry Act 1994 Provides for the preservation of forests and the setting up of forest reserves. 5 Harmful waste (Special Criminal CAP 165 Establishes legal framework for effective Provisions) Act LFN 1990 control of disposal of toxic and hazardous waste into the environment within Nigeria

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6. FEPA/FMEnv EIA Procedural 1995 The Procedural Guidelines indicate the steps to Guidelines be followed in the EIA process from project conception to commissioning in order to ensure that the project is implemented with maximum consideration for the environment. 7. National Guideline and 1991 Provide guidelines for management of pollution Standard for control measures Environmental Pollution Control 8. S.I.8 National Environmental 1991 The regulation makes it mandatory for industrial Protection (Effluent Limitation) facilities to install anti-pollution equipment, Regulations makes provision for effluent treatment and prescribes a maximum limit of effluent parameters allowed. 9. S.I.9 National Environmental 1991 Imposes restrictions on the release of toxic Protection (Pollution substances and stipulates requirements for and Abatement in monitoring of pollution. It also makes it Industries in Facilities Producing mandatory for existing industries and facilities to Waste Regulations) conduct periodic environmental audits. 10. S.I.15 National Environmental 1991 Regulates the legal framework for the effective Protection (Management of control of the disposal of toxic and hazardous Solid and Hazardous Wastes) waste into any environment within the confines Regulations of Nigeria. 11. Urban and Regional Planning 1993 Planned development of urban areas (to Decree No. 88 include and manage waste sites). 13. Workmen Compensation Act 1987 Occupational Health and Safety reviewed 2010 13. Bauchi State Environmental Edict No Making and enforcing environmental and Protection Agency 10 of health policies and regulations. 1994, amended by Edict No. 3 of 1997

3.3 Administrative Framework

3.3.1 Federal MDAs The federal MDAs responsible for regulating and monitoring environmental and social issues at the federal level include the Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv) and the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA).

3.3.2 State MDAs Bauchi State Ministry of Water Resources through the Bauchi State Water & Sewerage Corporation is responsible for the expansion, construction and rehabilitation activities of the water infrastructure in the State, ably guided by the Bauchi State Regional & Urban Development Board to ensure the work is done in accordance with existing State planning requirements, while the State Ministry of Environment & Forestry is mandated to pursue the attainment of environmental sustainability through development of policies directed towards overall environmental protection in the state. The major functions of the MDAs are to:

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• To carry out activities that would conserve & protect the environment in the state • To prosecute non-compliant offenders • To ensure proper use of water

3.4.3 World Bank Safeguard Policies

The World Bank’s Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies are cornerstones of its support for sustainable poverty diminution. It has, thus, ensured that Environmental and Social issues are assessed in decision making so as to reduce and manage any proposed developmental project/programme risk. The process inherently gives mechanisms for Consultations and Disclosure of Information to the public and related stakeholders.

The Bauchi State NUWSRP3 intervention sub-project activities across the state have triggered the World Bank Policy OP 4.01, which is Environmental Assessment (EA). The World Bank safeguard policies contains ten (10) Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies which are designed basically to mitigate the adverse effects of development projects, and to improve decision making. The policies (see annexure) are: • OP/BP 4.01: Environmental Assessment; • OP/BP 4.04: Natural Habitats; • OP 4.09: Pest Management; • OP/BP 4.12: Involuntary Resettlement; • OPN 4.11: Physical Cultural Resources; • OP 4.36: Forests; • OP/BP 4.37: Safety of Dams; • OP/BP 7.50: Projects on International Waters; and • OP/BP 7.60: Projects in Disputed Areas.

Specifically, the NUWSRP3 triggers these four policies: Environmental Assessment OP/BP 4.01, Project on International Waterways OP/BP 7.50 Safety of Dams OP/BP/ 4.37, Involuntary Resettlement OP/BP 4.12.

3.4 International Treaties and Conventions on Environment to which Nigeria is a party

Some of the international Treaties and Conventions on environment to which Nigeria is a party are summarized in Table 4.

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Table 4: International Treaties and Conventions on Environment to which Nigeria is a Party S/N Treaties and Conventions Year Agreement 1. The United Nations 1972 Provide guidelines for protecting the Environmental integrity of the global environment and Guidance Principles the development system 3. Montreal Protocol on 1987 An international treaty to eliminate Ozone Substances that deplete the depleting chemical production and Ozone Layer consumption. 3. United Nations 1992 Places general obligations on countries to Convention on observe sustainable use and equitably Biological Diversity share the plants and animals of the earth 4. United Nations Framework 1994 It calls on developed countries and Convention on Climate economies to limit her emissions of the Change greenhouse gases which cause global warming 5. Convention on International 1973 Restricts the trade of fauna and flora Trade in species termed as endangered Species Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora

3.5 Gender Based Violence Nigeria has ratified or acceded to the core international human rights treaties and is a party to the major regional human rights instrument which obliged States to respect, protect and fulfill human rights of all persons within the territory and subject to the jurisdiction of the State, without discrimination. Rape may violate several human rights obligations enshrined in the instruments ratified by Nigeria and is also a form of gender- based violence and a brutal manifestation of violence against women. As a State party to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (the “Maputo Protocol”), Nigeria has made legally binding commitments to exercise due diligence to combat gender-based violence and discrimination.

3.6 International Treaties Relevant to GBV • The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) (2004) • The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) (2004) • The Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT) (1993) • The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) (1984) • The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) (1990), and • The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) (2012) • International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (1976)

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3.7 Regional Treaties Relevant to GBV • The African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) (1982) • The African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACRWC) (2007) • The Protocol to the ACHPR on the Rights of Women in Africa (the “Maputo Protocol”) (2007)

3.8 National polices • The National Action Plan for the Implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 (2009); • The National Gender Policy (2010)

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CHAPTER FOUR: Description of Project Environment

4.1 Overview of the Project Environment

Bauchi State is located in the North Eastern part of Nigeria. The State occupies a total land area of 49,119 km2 (18,965 sq mi) representing about 5.3% of Nigeria’s total land mass and is located between latitudes 9° 3' and 12° 3' north and longitudes 8° 50' and 11° east. The state is bordered by seven states, Kano and Jigawa to the north, Taraba and Plateau to the south, Gombe and Yobe to the east and Kaduna to the west. A map of Bauchi State is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Map of Bauchi State

4.2. Description of the Physical Environment

The physical environment of Bauchi is characterized by the Sudano-Sahelian type of savannah, also known as semi-desert vegetation, which prevails in the northernmost part of the state. This type of vegetation is comprised isolated strands of woody trees and shrubs inter-mingled with thorny species. Vegetation in the southwestern part of the state is thicker in terms of abundance and species diversity giving the characteristic of full Sudan savannah, which resulted from the depletion of guinea savannah over the years due to intense human activities. The terrain in the southwestern part is generally mountainous, which is as a result of the continuation of the Jos Plateau, while the northern part is predominantly flat and mildly undulating.

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4.2.1. Climate

The climatic condition of Bauchi State is very hot in the months of April and May, while December and January are the coldest months. The weather pattern in Bauchi is driven by the climate in which case the rains generally come from the south as they are carried by the south-westerlies. There is therefore a progressive dryness towards the north, culminating in the desert condition in the far north into the Republic of Niger.

4.2.2. Rainfall Rainfall in Bauchi State ranges between 1,300 millimetres (51 in) per annum in the south and to about 700 millimeters (28 in) per annum in the extreme north. The rains therefore set in earlier in the southern part of the state, which also receives the heaviest around April as against the northern part where it usually commenced around June or July of every year. Dry spells are more common in the extreme northern part of the state, which in some instances results to drought and crop failure.

4.2.4. Temperature Due to the latitudinal location of the region within the tropics, the temperature in Bauchi State is generally high with mean monthly minimum and maximum ranges of 14.4ºC–24.6ºC and 29.5ºC– 37.3ºC respectively. Usually, the highest maximum temperature occurs in February and March, the peak of the dry season, while the lowest temperature occurs in August, the peak of the wet season. The prevailing temperature within the project area was measured with a 4-in-1 environment meter with a range of 0 – 100OC. The ambient temperature of the proposed project site area was between 29.00C – 35.50C.

4.2.4 Vegetation Bauchi state is one of the states in the northern part of Nigeria that span two distinctive vegetation zones, namely, the Sudan savannah and the Sahel savannah. The Sudan savannah type of vegetation covers the southern part of the state. Here, the vegetation, which is a mix of woody trees shrubs and grasses, gets thicker and diversified in terms of species and number. This is more pronounced along water courses that criss-crossed the area.

4.2.5. Geology The entire western and northern parts of the state are generally mountainous and rocky. This is as a result of the closeness of the state to the Jos Plateau and Cameroun mountains. Bauchi state is one of the states in the Northern part of Nigeria that span two distinctive vegetation zones, namely, the Sudan Savannah and the Sahel Savannah.

4.2.6. Relative Humidity The minimum Relative Humidity in Bauchi State occurs in March, which is the peak of the dry season and the maximum occurs in August, which is the peak of the wet season indicating a positive correlation between rainfall and relative humidity. The relative humidity tend to increase during the raining season/wet season of the year in the project study area, while the pattern shows a decline during the dry season. For the project area, a Hair Hygrometer with a range of 0 – 100% was used in measuring the humidity. The relative humidity measured is between 15.7 – 16.9%.

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4.2.7. Hydrology & Drainage Bauchi state is drained by a number of rivers famous among which are the Gongola and Jama'are Rivers. The Gongola River crosses Bauchi state in Tafawa Balewa Local Government Area in the south and in Kirfi and Alkaleri Local Government Areas in the eastern part of the state, while the Jama’are River cuts across a number of Local Government Areas in the northern part of the state. Moreover, a substantial part of the Hadeja-Jama'are River basin lies in Bauchi state, which along with various fadama (floodplain) areas in the state provides suitable land for agricultural activities.

4.2.8 Wind Speed The climatic data on surface wind speed of 2.0m/second to 4.5m/second was recorded. The prevailing wind directions are southwest and northeast, which are the most consistent in the area. There is however some occasional calmness with insignificant wind speeds in the area. The mean surface wind speed and direction depends on the seasonal variation, which also follows the migratory inter-tropical convergence zone otherwise referred to as ITCZ with the two main air masses alternating seasonally. The northeast wind direction predominates during the dry season while the southwest winds are dominant during the wet season.

4.2.9 Air Quality The ambient air parameters considered include but not limited to: Suspended particulate matter (SPM) and gaseous pollutants (Oxides of nitrogen (NOx), oxides of sulphur (SOx), Oxides of carbon (COx) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S). Hour standards of ambient air quality are shown in table 5 Samples were collected at a height of between 1.5 to 2.0 meters above ground level at each of the sampling sites as shown in Figure 2.

Table 5: Hour Standards of Ambient Air Quality Concentrations (ppm) Contaminant FMENV (FEPA, 1991) World Bank (1999) CO 10 - NOX 0.04 – 0.06 0.08 SO2 0.01 - NH3 0.28 - PM10 - 80 g/m3 TSP 250 g/m3 80 g/m3

In addition, two additional sampling points were established outside the project site; from the northern and southern perimeters of the proposed project site as control sites. At each sampling location, the levels of Total Suspended Particulates (TSP), Cl, CO, VOCs NOX levels, SOX and Noise levels were measured.

Particulates (TSP) and their elemental composition, Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and ambient noise levels were investigated. NOx and SO2 levels were investigated using Crowcon Gasman Units for the determination of noxious gases.

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A HAZZ Digital Dust Monitor was employed for the determination of air particulates within site and control locations. For monitoring ambient noise levels, an environment multi-meter Instruments Noise Meter (Model 407735) was employed. For the samples taken, air quality analysis indicates that all the parameters are within the acceptable limits. This is shown in table 5.

Figure 2. Map of Sample Location

4.2.9.1 Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) SPM was the predominant air quality impairment parameter. Values of particulates in the 3 points were within the range of 42.0 – 58.0µg/m3. All the locations recorded values below the Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv’s FEPA) limit as at the time of the sampling exercise. This however could be much higher in certain periods of the year (November to February), which could affect effectiveness of the solar cells through continuous accumulation over a period of time.

4.2.9.2 Carbon Monoxide (CO) Values of CO recorded at various locations are 0.0mg/m3 notwithstanding the location of the site adjacent to the main road with expected vehicular traffic. Nevertheless, the values obtained indicate that this factor appeared to be of no effect. Thus, carbon

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 15 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3 monoxide values recorded shows clean air quality in the area considering the 11.4ppm maximum limit of FMEnv.

4.2.9.3 Sulphur Oxides (SO2) Out of the nine points sampled, SO2 was not detected at some sampling points and where it was detected, the value recorded was 0.0mg/m3 to 0.02mg/m3 which is very much negligible and far below FMEn. And WHO Regulatory limit of 0.5mg/m3.

4.2.9.4 Nitrogen Oxides (NO2) NO2 were not observed in most of the sampling points measured, where recorded, the values are between 0.0mg/m3 and 0.1mg/m3 which is far below the FMEnv’s (FEPA) and WHO limit.

4.2.9.5 Ammonia (NH3) The result of air quality sampling indicated that ammonia was not detected in some of the sampling location and where detected, the values are 0.00 mg/m3. These values are below the Federal Ministry of Environment limit of 0.20mg/m3.

4.2.9.6 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC’s) VOCs were not detected in all the sampling points.

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Table 6: Air Quality Results for Bauchi Dam Transmission pipelines

Air Quality Sampling (mg/m3) Sample Id NO2 SO2 CO NH3 H2S Dust Noise VOCs RH 0C WS Points 1 AQ6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 1.5 58.0 48.9 0.0 15.7 32.2 3.1

0.00 1.5 42.0 46.3 15.7 30.3 2.5 2 AQ7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3 AQ11 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.00 1.5 42.0 62.3 0.0 16.9 35.0 2.7

Key to Sample Location

s/n Coordinates Location

East North Sample Codes 1 9.856429 10.345890 SS6 SS/AQ 6 Aspira 2 9.855145 10.321078 SS7 SS/AQ7 Dutsen Wurinji

3 9.858842 10.358649 SS11 SS/AQ11 Yankari Quarters

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4.2.9.7 Noise Level

Standard noise levels are presented in table 7.

Table 7: Nigeria’s Standard Noise Levels (FEPA, 1991) Duration per Day, hour Permissible Exposure Limit, dB (A) 8 90 6 92 4 95 3 97 2 100 1.5 102 1 105 0.5 110 0.25 or less 115

The present noise levels, ranges from 46.3 dB to 62.3 dB within the proposed project site. These recorded values fall far below FMEnv’s FEPA permissible noise level of 90dB for an 8hour-working period (FMEnv’s FEPA, 1991), indicating the absence of significant noise sources with the vicinity of the proposed project site. Noise is significant in environmental management because it can lead to impairment or loss of hearing when humans are exposed to high level over a long period of time.

4.2.10 Physico-chemical parameters of Water Ground water samples were collected from the wells and boreholes around the water pipeline routes. The pH values show that the ground water samples from all point sources were about 7.1, which is within normal or neutral levels.

The temperature values for groundwater in the area are within normal range around the project area with temperature of 27.00C - 31.50C, while the conductivity ranged between 0.16us/cm to 1.13us/cm. The value range for COD where detected is between 0.03mg/l – 0.32mg/l and 2mg/l –3mg/l respectively. The value range of the total dissolved solids (TDS) for all ground water is from 125mg/l -801mg/l

All other parameters were within FMEnv limits. However, oil/grease was not detected in any of the ground water sample analysed.

4.2.10.1 Groundwater Heavy Metals The heavy metal concentrations in ground water samples are generally low and within limit. Fe has a concentration of 0.061mg/l; Zn (0.04mg/l) where detected; Mn around 0.011mg where detected; Cu ranges 0.002mg in samples detected; while Cy, Ni, Cd, Cr and Al were not detected in all the analysed samples. These results are shown in table 8.

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Table 8: Physico-Chemical Parameters for Water Samples S/N Parameters Warinje Hills area FMEnv LIMIT (Units in mg/l except stated) (mg/l) A PHYSICAL TEST E9.855145, N10.321078 Colour Clear NS Odour Odourless NS 1 Temperature(oC) 27.5 <40 2 pH 7.1 6-9 3 Conductivity (µS/cm) 0.16 1000 4 Salinity (%) 0.0 0.1 5 Total dissolved solids 125 2000 6 Dissolved 0xygen 3.05 2-8 7 Resistivity 25 - B CHEMICAL TEST 8 Total hardness 80.5 150 9 Calcium 51.36 200 10 Magnesium 24.20 200 11 Total Phosphate 0.010 0.2 12 Sulphite 0.005 <1 13 Total Chloride 0.350 250 14 Nitrate 0.14 20 15 Nitrite ND <1 16 COD 0.00 50 17 Oil and Grease ND 10 18 Phenol ND 0.50 19 HEAVY METALS 20 Iron 0.005 1.5 21 Copper ND 1 22 Manganese ND 5 23 Cyanide ND <1 24 Cadmium ND 0.01 25 Nickel ND <1 26 Chromium ND <1 27 Zinc ND Aluminum ND D MICROBIAL EXAMINATION 1 Total Coliform (CFU/100mL) 0.54 <1.8 2 Faecal Coliform (CFU/100mL) - ABSENT 3 Salmonella sp. - ABSENT 4 Shigella sp. - ABSENT 5 E-coli + ABSENT 6 Ent.aerogenes - ABSENT Source: Field Work, 2018

All physico-chemical analysis for both water samples have parameters within acceptable limit except for Dissolved Oxygen and Fluoride. And Bacteriological analysis has (Most Probable Number) above limit with presence of E Coli, Absidia,

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Aspertgillus, and Shigella species. Soil analysis shows values within permissible limits for physico-chemical analysis, while microbial isolates shows presence of all species after forty eight (48) hours of incubation.

4.2.11 Soil Characteristics

4.2.11.1 Soil pH

Soil pH at the proposed project site varied from 5.3-5.6. The result depicts a slightly acidic medium conducive for the availability of plant nutrient: nitrates, potassium, phosphates, magnesium, sulphur, copper and boron required for growth. Generally, the pH is typical of the mid-central Nigeria soils. Plants on soils with pH greater than 9 usually have reduced growth or even die.

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Table 9: Soil Test & Analysis Results S/ PARAMETER SS 6 SS 7 SS 11 FMEnv LIMIT N N10.3458897 N10.3210780 N10.358649 (g/kg) E9.8564287 E9.8551454 E9.858842 A. PHYSICAL TEST 1. pH 5.4 5.6 5.3 6-9 2. CONDUCTIVITY (µs/cm) 79 73 79.0 NS 3. MOISTURE (%) 0.017 0.013 0.01 NS 4. PARTICLE SIZES/TEXTURE SAND/CLAY/SI SAND/CLAY/SI SAND/CLAY/SI NS LT LT LT 48.5/23.6/27.9 42.4/28.3/29.3 50.5/17.5/32.0 5. POROSITY (%) 17 16 14.9 NS 6. BULK DENSITY (g/dm3) 1.07 1.32 0.84 NS B. ORGANIC 7. OIL AND GREASE ND ND ND 10 8 ORGANIC CARBON - - - 9. ORGNIC MATTER (%) 38.7 39.4 23.3 NS C. EXCHANGEABLE IONS NS 10 MAGNESIUM 1.09 1.73 1.62 11 POTASSIUM 1.2 0.4 1.7 NS 12 SODIUM 1.04 1.09 1.07 13 CALCIUM 10.1 10.3 10.1 14 CHLORIDE 13.26 13.75 13.76 250 15 NITRATE 17.01 16.12 12.08 20 16 SULPHATE 16.12 15.36 18.7 500 17 PHOSPHATE 3.11 4.26 3.40 NS 18 NITRITE 0.043 0.053 0.044 <1 D HEAVY METALS 19 FLUORIDE 1.442 1.301 1.38 NS 20 CHROMIUM ND ND ND <1.00 21 IRON 0.067 0.182 0.157 NS 22 COPPER 0.24 1.30 0.58 36.00 23 MANGANESE 0.374 0.168 0.262 NS 24 NICKEL ND ND ND NS 25 ALUMINIUM ND ND ND NS 26 ZINC 0.01 0.01 0.02 <1

Table 10: Microbial Isolates of Soil Samples S/N SPECIE SS6 SS7 SS11 FMEnv STD

1. PSEUDOMONAS. Spp - + - ABSENT

2. STAPHYLOCOCCUS + - + ABSENT 3. PROTEUS Spp - - - ABSENT 4. KLEBSILLIA + + + ABSENT 5. E. Coli - - - ABSENT

KEY: NS - Not Stated Spp.- Specie SS - Sub Soil + - Positive

4.2.11.2 Conductivity This is a measure of the ability of a medium to carry electric current. Conductivity of a medium depends on the presence and concentration, mobility and valence of ions. Conductivity is a measure of the soluble salt (cations of Na, Ca, Mg and the anions of Cl, SO4 and HCO3) content in the soil. The conductivity level of 4uS/cm, which corresponds to an osmotic pressure of 3.5atm in the soil solution at field capacity, is generally at the limit above which the yield of most sensitive crops starts to be affected. The conductivity of soils in the area under study was between 73.0µS– 79µS/cm at the time of study but there could be seasonal variations.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 21 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

4.2.11.3 Total Organic Matter The TOM of soil samples collected across the project area ranged between 23.3g/kg – 38.7g/kg. The values recorded show no significant variation with season and were within 5.0 – 70g/kg range reported for the mid-central soils. The TOM content in the soil was high and will account for adequate nitrogen (main growth nutrient) that is required for rapid growth of plant leaves and stems. This can be corroborated with the lush growth of maize, cassava and other food crops in the area.

4.2.11.4 Nitrate, Sulphates and phosphates The nitrate levels in the soil samples ranged from 12.08mg/kg –17.01mg/kg. Nitrogen is absorbed in plants in the form of nitrates. Nitrate is the constituent of plant proteins, chlorophyll and nucleic acids. Adequate nitrogen often produces thinner cell walls which results in more tender, more succulent plants – larger plants and greater crop yield while deficiency in plants is indicated by stunted growth (with small leaves and weak stems) and progressively yellowing of leaves in colour.

Similarly, phosphate concentrations were 3.11mg/kg – 4.26mg/kg. Phosphorus is available for plant uptake in the form of phosphate. Phosphorus is an essential part of nucleoproteins, which control cell division in stimulation of early root growth, hastening plant maturity, in energy transformations within the cells and fruiting and seed production while deficiency is indicated by the purple or dark blue colouration on leaves and roots. Crops sighted in the project area were very succulent and showed no sign of deficiency, hence, indicating that the soils contain adequate readily available nitrates and phosphate levels for optimal plant yield.

Sulphate levels were between 15.36mg/kg to 18.7mg/kg. Sulphate is an essential micronutrient for plans where certain proteins, lapids and other compounds Sulphur.

4.2.11.5 Oil and Grease From the analysis conducted, Oil and Grease were not detected in any of the samples analyzed. This is an indication that the area is free from pollution from oil discharges on or near soil and in water bodies.

4.2.11.6 Heavy Metals The following values were obtained from the analysed samples: Cu (0.24mg/kg- 1.30mg/kg); Fe (0.067mg/kg-0.182mg/kg); Mn (0.168-0.374); Zn (0.01mg/kg- 0.02mg/kg); Cr, Ni, & Al where not detected in the analysed samples.

4.2.11.7 Exchangeable Sodium Percentage / Sodium Adsorption Ratio Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) is the percentage of exchangeable sodium ions to the total soil exchangeable cations of all types in a soil sample. ESP is dependent on the texture and permeability of the soil. It determines the dispersions rate in soils. If a high proportion of exchange sites is occupied by sodium ions, soils can become basic with pH values 0f 5.3 to 5.6 and the soil aggregates, so desirable for plant growth, disintegrate and disperse. These soils can be impermeable to water because of the entrapment of sodium in the pore spaces. Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) is the determinant of percentage of the exchangeable sodium of a soil or what it is likely become.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 22 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

4.2.11.8 Exchangeable Cation The magnesium, sodium, calcium and potassium levels in soils of the project area were Mg (1.09mg/kg to 1.73mg/kg); Na (1.04mg/kg to 1.09mg/kg); Ca (10.1mg/kg to 10.3mg/kg) and K (0.4mg/kg to 1.7mg/kg) respectively. The pH is very conducive for the availability of these elements. These concentrations were high and will therefore facilitate the optimal growth of plants.

4.2.11.9 Soil Moisture Content Moisture is the major constituent of plant protoplasm (85 – 95%), it is essential for photosynthesis and conversion of starches to sugars, solvent in which nutrients moves, provides plant turgidity – maintains proper form and position of plant parts to capture light. The moisture content of the project area soil was 0.013 – 0.01%.

4.3 Socioeconomic Environment

4.3.1 Ethnic Composition Bauchi State has a total of 55 tribal groups in which Gerawa, Sayawa, Jarawa, Kirfawa, Turawa Bolewa, Karekare, Kanuri, Fa'awa, Butawa, Warjawa, Zulawa, Boyawa MBadawa, Hausa and Fulani are the main tribes. This means that they have backgrounds, occupational patterns, beliefs and many other things that form part of the existence of the people of the state. There are cultural similarities in the people's language, occupational practices, festivals, dress and there is a high degree of ethnic interaction especially in marriage and economic existence.

4.3.2 Socioeconomic Conditions of the project area In order to obtain requisite socio-economic data, a total of 100 questionnaires were administered to the project communities using random sampling. Thirty (30) of the questionnaires were administered at Firo Community, where the water treatment plant is located, while 70 questionnaires were administered within Bauchi Municipal project affected areas. Only 4 questionnaires were returned uncompleted from Firo community, while 3 were returned uncompleted from Bauchi municipality. The socio- economic characteristics of the project environment are shown in table Table 11.

Table 11: Socio-economic Characteristics of Project Area Description Category Bauchi Metropolis Firo

Freq (No) % Freq (No) % Age 18-30 29 43.3 9 34.6 31-50 27 40.3 13 50 51-70 7 10.4 4 15.4 71+ 4 6 0 0 Sex MALE 64 95.5 26 100 FEMALE 3 4.47 0 Length of Stay From Birth 19 28.4 26 100 in Community Above 15 years 13 19.4 0 0 10-14 years 6 9 0 0 5-9 years 15 22.4 0 0 Below 5 years 14 20.8 0 0

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 23 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Religion Islam 57 81.1 26 100% Christianity 10 14.9 0 0 Others 0 0 0 0 Marital Status Married 50 74.6 20 76.9 Single 17 25.4 6 23.1 Widowed 0 0 0 0 Divorced/Separated 0 0 0 0 Occupation Civil Servants 9 13.4 1 3.8 Fishermen 0 0 5 19.2 Farmers 6 9 8 30.8 Self employed 18 26.9 5 19.2 Traders 34 50.7 7 27 Income Level Below 500 0 0 0 0 500-900 2 2.98 1 3.8 1000-5000 11 16.4 4 15.38 6000-10000 22 32.8 15 57.69 11,000 + 32 47.67 6 23.1 Household Size 10+ 11 16.4 4 15.4 7-9 1 1.5 7 26.9 4-6 13 19.4 3 11.5 1-3 42 62.7 12 46.2 Educational FSLC 3 44.5 4 15.4 Level WASC/SSCE 33 49.3 11 42.3 Higher Certificate 20 29.8 3 11.5 Islamic Studies 11 16.4 8 30.8 Source: Field Survey, December 2018.

4.3.2.1 Age Distribution The age distribution of the respondents of the proposed project study area in Bauchi metropolis as illustrated in Figure 3 shows that 43.3% ranges between the age of 18-30; while those between the ages of 31-50 accounts for 40.3%; between the ages of 51-70 accounts for 10.4% while 71+ accounts for 6% of the total respondents respectively.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 24 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Figure 3: Age distribution in Project Area

4.3.2.2 Occupation Distribution

The major occupations in the study area includes farming, Business, Government employment (civil service), petty trading, Drivers among others as shown in fig 4. Businesses such as filling station, commercial transportation, sales of Agricultural products are the predominant income-earning venture in and around the study area. In the Bauchi metropolis, Civil Servants accounts for 13.4% (9); no fishermen; farmers accounts for 9% (6); self-employed 26.9% (18); and petty traders accounts for 50.7% (34) of the total respondents in the study areas respectively.

Figure 4: Occupation of respondents in Project Area

4.3.2.3 Income Distribution For income distribution, the chart shows that the respondents earning N500-900 weekly accounts for 2.98%; those earning between N1000-5000 accounts for 16.4%; between N6000-N10,000 accounts for 32.8% and above N11,000 accounts for 47.67% of respondents in Bauchi metropolis. This is shown in figure 5.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 25 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Figure 5: Income Distribution of respondents in Project Area

4.3.2.4 Educational Level In Bauchi Metropolis, the survey shows that 4.5% of the respondents have First School Leaving Certificate, 49.3% accounts for those with WASE/SSCE, 29.8% are graduates either OND, NCE, HND OR BSC, while 16.4% accounts for those who attended Islamic School respectively (figure 6).

Figure 6: Educational level of respondents in Project Area

4.3.2.5 Health Care Data obtained from interview and questionnaires administration revealed that the prevalent ailment within the proposed project area of influence is malaria/typhoid fever, dysentery, cholera, measles among others. The various healthcare facilities in the communities are equipped to handle minor ailments such as malaria/typhoid fever, cough and catarrh, child delivery/birth, body pain and other minor injuries among others, while severe/ complicated ailment are referred to general hospital such as ATBU Teaching Hospital situated within Bauchi Metropolis.

4.3.2.6 Economic Activities Several economic activities such as trading was observed within and around the project study area. They vary from sales of fuel wood, sand for construction and other building accessories to local barbing (cutting of hair), Provision stores, sales of petroleum products and commercial transportation among others.

4.3.2.7 Water & Sanitation Access to clean water and improved sanitation in the proposed project area is limited. Many depend solely on sourcing water from private boreholes and wells

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 26 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3 within the township; residences that do not have private boreholes patronize water from vendors (Mai ruwa) for addressing water needs, while sanitary systems observed were the pit latrine or open defecation.

4.4 Baseline Environmental and Social Issues

Field visits were carried out to assess the rehabilitation of 22,000m3 concrete reservoir at Warinje Hill. The environmental & social issues observed are shown in table 12, while the pictures are shown in figure 7.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 27 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Table 12: Baseline Environmental & Social Issues Observed s/n Planned Expansion Description of Activity Environmental Issues Social Issues

1. Rehabilitation of • Ground works such as • Drainage & run-off Although the Warinje Hills 22,000m3 Concrete excavation, concerns reservoir is located within Reservoir (2 reservoirs • Rehabilitation & restoration of its own secure premises, of 11,000m3 capacity structural integrity of concrete the social issues are from each) embankment and walls of the social sensitivities of reservoir the surrounding • Casting, filling and construction communities such as the of earth structures e.g. nearby schools & drainages & embankments, mosques etc. bunds and cuttings; • Provision of energy on site using generating sets (generators) • Undertaking of Civil & masonry work according to the schedule of works • Backfilling of excavated areas • Removal of waste generated from rehabilitation works

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 28 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

One of the Warinje Reservoir to be rehabilitated Filtration unit

Concrete reservoir side view Leakage seen at reservoir base Figure 7: pictures of treatment plant sub-components included in expansion works

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 29 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

CHAPTER FIVE: DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS

5.1 Background

Field inspections and observations, concerns arising from stakeholder consultations and project description and designs formed the basis for the identified potential environmental and social issues and impacts likely to be associated with the proposed rehabilitation work.

5.2 Project Area of Influence

The immediate geographical area of influence of work is the land area identified for the sub-project. The larger geographical area of influence covers the Bauchi metropolis.

5.2.1 Physical Environmental & Social Media Influence The physical environmental media to be potentially influenced by the activities of the proposed project are land (landscape), air quality, groundwater and any adjacent drain to any of the project sites. The landscape features include soil, flora and fauna at the proposed project site, which will be impacted by the project activities. Any adjacent drain to any of the project sites will be the recipient of runoff water from the project site. Any percolation of fuels through the soil may impact on groundwater resources. The air quality may also be impacted by dust and gaseous emissions from construction activities.

Also to be considered, the social media to be influenced by this project includes activities such as acquisition of land, economic displacement, mobilisation of workforce and attendant challenges such as labour influx, GBV etc.

5.3 Project Activities of Environmental and Social Concern Activities of potential environmental and social impacts identified with the proposed project are outlined under three (4-No.) four phases of the project activities as shown in table 14; namely preconstruction; construction; operations/maintenance and decommissioning phases.

Table 13: Project Phases & Activities Project Phases Activities

Preparatory/Pre- Preparatory phase activities include among others: construction Phase • Siting of workers camp, if necessary Activities • Siting of staging area for equipment • Mobilization of workforce (This could give rise to labour influx) • Removal of trees and vegetation • Preparation of environmental and social screening reports; • Statutory permitting activities from SEPA/ Bauchi NUWSRP3 SPIU. Construction Phase Construction phase activities include among others: Activities • Site clearing and excavation works; • Identification of storage area for construction material; • Transportation and handling of materials and equipment; • Civil & Construction/water treatment plant expansion

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 30 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Works • Construction of waste bin bays (where applicable); and • Disposal of construction waste/rubble and waste in general. Decommissioning • Removal of construction equipment activities after • Disposal of construction spoil and waste in construction works will general; and involve: • Restoration of landscape around Treatment plant construction site. Operations and Operations and maintenance phase activities include: Maintenance Phase • Housekeeping; Activities • Waste management (collection and disposal); • Maintenance and repair works; and • Materials management and storage (including personal protective equipment, etc.).

5.4 Identification of Potential Positive Impacts The potential positive impacts of the proposed sub project of the rehabilitation of the 22,000m3 concrete reservoir at Warinje Hills are stated and evaluated in Table 14.

Table 14: Evaluation of potential positive impacts. No. Impact Key receptor(s) Evaluation 1 Improved Communities in The proposed project when access to Bauchi Metropolis completed will improve public water access to water.

2. Employment Community members. The proposed generation construction/expansion sub-project will create employment opportunities for skilled and unskilled labour during the construction and operational phases. Also, there are indirect employment opportunities such as food vendors, petty traders and suppliers of raw materials for construction. During the operational phase, job opportunities will be created for maintenance workers and suppliers, waste management companies, etc. 3. Improvement Bauchi Metropolis Enhanced sanitation and reduced in sanitation health related challenges due to improved access to water. 4. Improvement Neighbouring The creation of direct and indirect in local and communities, LGA job opportunities during the national and national construction and operational phases economy economy of the project will boost the local and national economy

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 31 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

5.5 Evaluation of Potential Adverse Impacts Associated with the Proposed Project The adverse environmental and social issues, which could potentially arise from the proposed project activities, are stated and evaluated in Table 15.

Table 15: Evaluation of potential adverse impacts No. Impact Key receptor(s) Evaluation Significance Preconstruction Phase 1. land clearing Land, environment, It is important that siting Moderate for communities of any workers camp preparation of and staging area for temporary equipment be carried workers camp out in conjunction with staging area the communities. for equipment 2 Land Land, environment, It is vital that the Moderate acquisition communities standalone RAP adequately addresses these issues

3 Economic Communities It is vital that the Moderate displacement standalone RAP adequately addresses these issues 4 Economic Communities The standalone RAP has Moderate displacement identified these water of sources of vendors to ensure income of inclusion in project water vendors affected persons register 5 Labour influx Communities, land, It is important that the Moderate environment hiring of workers be carried out in conjunction with the communities to avert clashes or delays 6. Occupational Construction workers Incidents and accidents Moderate Health & from civil and other Safety construction work activities during preparation of staging area. Construction Phase 7. Loss of Flora, fauna, soil The expansion works for Minor vegetation installation of water and impacts transmission pipelines on fauna will require limited vegetation clearance in some areas. 8. Soil impacts Soil, drains, surface Excavation works, Moderate and sediment water vegetation clearance, transport levelling and other ground works will expose and loosen the soil making it susceptible to erosion. Transported soil from erosion may end up in nearby drains & water bodies. The impact is temporary or short-term

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 32 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

No. Impact Key receptor(s) Evaluation Significance lasting during the excavation, construction & pipe- laying works. But can be managed through good work practices. 9. Air quality Ambient air Loosed and exposed Moderate deterioration environment, expansion soils from land construction workers preparation for the installation of transmission pipelines may release dust in the immediate vicinity of the project. This may temporarily affect air quality in the project area. Exhaust fumes from vehicles and concrete mixing machines may also impact on air quality. The impact is local and temporary, lasting during the land preparation and construction phase. 10. Vibration and Air, fauna, Water The operation of Major noise nuisance transmission pipelines concrete mixing staff etc. machines, movement of delivery trucks, tooting of horns of delivery trucks and other works will generate noise and cause disturbances for nearby community. 11. Generation of Water pipelines Poor housekeeping Moderate trash from installation staff etc. practices in and around poor the site may also housekeeping reduce the aesthetic practises value of the area. It will also invite rodents and other parasites and vector organisms. The presence of the workers on site and their activities may generate trash in and around the work site. 12. Generation Soil, water bodies, Vegetative material, Major and disposal construction premises excavated soil and of solid waste construction spoils will form the bulk of construction waste generated at the project sites. Construction rubble will mainly consist of demolished structures, used nails, wood chippings, plastics and

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 33 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

No. Impact Key receptor(s) Evaluation Significance pieces of iron rods, etc. Construction workers may also generate human and domestic wastes such as used polythene bags, food wastes, used water sachets and bottles, etc. The impact is of local extent and temporary, lasting during the construction phase. 13. Occupational Construction/installation Occupational health Major health & workers and safety issues safety associated with the proposed expansion project include: • Exposure of workers to excessive noise, vibrations and dust; • Accidents in the use and handling of equipment and machinery or in the installation of equipment (such as water pumps); • Injury to the body during the use and handling of equipment and machinery; and therefore, workers need a safe working environment and will be required to ensure safe work practices. • Illness caused by exposure to wastes and odour • Community Health and Safety • Security risks 14. Public safety & Public, community The transportation of Major Traffic issues materials & equipment to site and the movement of equipment to the project site may pose safety risk to staff. The movement of delivery trucks to the site may also potentially disrupt traffic especially at junctions and public areas. Due to the potentiality of unprecedented traffic

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 34 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

No. Impact Key receptor(s) Evaluation Significance build-up in the larger community, there will be a need to request the services of traffic police and Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC). 15. Sanitation and Land, water bodies, Key potential sanitation Major public health workers, public and public health issues that may arise from the proposed project include: • open trenches and containers around the site that could collect stagnant water and breed mosquitoes. • poorly managed sanitary conditions could promote outbreaks of diseases e.g. typhoid transmitted from human excreta. • unsightly conditions of poorly managed construction site and indiscriminate disposal of waste. 16. STDs, HIV/AIDS Water treatment plant Increase in spread of Moderate staff, contractor workers Communicable etc. diseases, STDs and HIV/AIDS as a consequence of increased in interactions between workers and members of community. Operational Phase 17. Waste Local Community These are waste Major generation generated such as excavated materials or rocks & rubble blasted along pipeline routes. 18. Noise & air Air, public Noise & emissions from Moderate pollution from the generators that are generators used to provide light in the night for workers along the pipe network. 19. Ground water Ground water, public Use of defective Minor contamination machinery (transformers, pumps or generators etc.) or equipment in and around the transmission pipelines site should be discouraged as spillages of transmission oil or fuel could

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 35 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

No. Impact Key receptor(s) Evaluation Significance potentially contaminate ground water, especially in areas where the water table is high. 20. Grievances Water treatment plant Construction workers or Low and disputes staff, contractor workers community may have etc. disputes regarding their work. 21. Labour influx Water treatment plant Construction workers Moderate staff, contractor workers are attracted to project etc. area or community promoting population increase in and around project area causing stretch of community facilities. Decommissioning Phase 22. Occupational/ Water transmission The decommissioning & Moderate public safety pipelines staff, removal of all material and traffic contractor workers etc. & equipment utilized impacts during the expansion process could result in accident and injury to workers. The removal and transport of such equipment and materials could also pose traffic risks and public safety concerns along the routes.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 36 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

CHAPTER SIX: Environmental and Social Mitigation and Management Plan

6.1 Introduction

The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) is a detailed plan and schedule of measures necessary to minimize, mitigate or control any potential negative environmental and social impacts identified under this project.

The ESMP has been developed to meet international and national standards on environmental and social (E&S) performance and covers the project implementation phases (i.e. Pre-construction, construction and operation phases) of the project. Furthermore, it details the mitigation and enhancement measures the BSWSC and their Contractors will be committed to implement throughout project implementation and desired outcomes, performance indicators, monitoring, timing for actions and responsibilities.

6.2 Mitigation/Action Plan Mitigation and management measures for the significant adverse impacts identified from the analysis and evaluation of the potential impacts from the proposed project activities are provided in table 16.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 37 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Table 16: Mitigation measures/actions for potential significant adverse environmental impacts

No Project Activity Potential Proposed Mitigation Measures/ Respo Cost of Paramet Method of Performa Frequenc Responsibi Cost of Impact Actions nsibilit Mitigati ers to be Measurement nce y & lity for Monitorin y for on Measure Indicator Location Monitoring g (NGN) mitiga (NGN) d of tion Monitorin g I. Pre-Construction Phase A. Environmental 1. Site preparatory Uncontrolle • Ensure usage or discharge Contr 250,000 Level of Visual Water Once ESO – SPIU - activities of d discharge of water stored in existing actor . water in Observation discharg before SSO – SPIU reservoir prior to of reservoir before the e from dismantli Project 100,000 commencement wastewater decommissioning. reservoir concrete ng of Engineer - of rehabilitation (effluents) • Conduct washout pipes to reservoir reservoir SPIU discharge water to existing not more at project drainage system at a rate than site and the drainage can carry to 50m3 surroundi prevent flooding. ng areas • Ensure effluent from construction activities are properly monitored by the contractor using water Weekly quality measuring during equipment so as not to constructi contain harmful materials on before discharging into the natural environment.

2. Mobilization of Deterioratio Maintain equipment & Contr 600,000 Air In-situ FMEnv Weekly in Environme 200,000 construction n of local machinery to manufacturers’ actor quality measurement. permissibl the ntal & equipment, air quality specifications by regular paramet e limit surroundi Social machinery, due to the servicing to reduce carbon ers (CO, ng Safeguard heavy duty emission of emissions. NO2, Visual communi Officers, vehicles and dusts & Use water to wet active areas SO2, observation of ties violation of gases for dust suppression. CO2, records & workers’ camp Conduct regular visual SPM) interviews inspection of dust pollution and Mainten Bauchi ensure appropriate ance State intervention if dust levels are records Ministry of ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 38 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

high. Driver’s Environme Train drivers/ workers on proper training nt (BSME) operation of vehicles and records equipment to include fuel efficiency and anti-idling. Ensure no burning of waste on sites Use of tarpaulins to cover Usage of trucks transporting earth appropri materials or spoil on public ate PPE roads Ensure rehabilitation of disturbed areas once completed Provide and enforce the usage of appropriate PPE 3. Site clearing Soil impacts • Vegetation (grasses) shall Contr No Develop Visual Materials Quarterly Environme activities for and be cleared only when actor/ additio ed site observation sourced at ntal & workers camp sediment contractor is fully mobilised nal cost Reclam from material Social transport for construction. ation licenced borrow Safeguard • Vegetation clearance Plan quarries sites and Officers (where necessary) and Engine Project Risk of excavations shall be ering site exacerbati limited to the demarcated Consul ng erosion construction site. tant Spoil Bauchi concerns • Backfill with excavated soil manage State material where ment Ministry of appropriate. Environme Land Ensure that heaped sand nt (BSME) degradatio delivered for concrete n and mixing/construction works is increased covered with tarpaulin to susceptibilit prevent wind and water y to erosion transport of soil particles. due to sourcing of constructio n materials 4. Mobilization of Noise and Select and use Contr 350,000 Noise In situ Noise Weekly Environme 150,000 construction vibration vehicles/equipment with lower actor level measurement level at at ntal &

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 39 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

equipment, disturbance sound power levels. sensitive Construct Social machinery, s from Install suitable mufflers on Usage of receptors ion site Safeguard heavy duty operation engine exhausts and appropri not to and Officers, vehicles and of heavy- compressor components. ate PPE exceed nearby violation of duty Enforce appropriate speed FMEnv communi workers’ camp vehicles limit to reduce vehicle noise recomm ties levels. ended Bauchi Traffic Restrict noise-generating level (90 State congestion activities strictly to normal dBA) for Ministry of and risk of working hours (i.e. 9am – 5pm). an 8 hour Environme road traffic Respond promptly to noise period nt (BSME) complaints. Provide and enforce the usage of hearing protection devices (ear plugs/muffs) for workers. Install appropriate safety signage and/or use signallers at strategic locations. Inform local communities in advance of road diversions & major activities likely to affect traffic. Enforce road safety standards, traffic rules including speed limits Schedule large and slow moving vehicles for off peak period Have in place a traffic Management Plan (TMP) 5. Site clearing for Occupatio • Develop and implement a Contr Clearly Visual Available Weekly at Environme staging area nal project specific actor defined observation; number constructi ntal & accidents Occupational Health and boundar and and on area Social and injuries Safety Plan (OHSP). OHSP ies of diversity Safeguard Mobilisation of to workers to include but not limited protect Biodiversity of plant Officers Machinery, Plant and risk to to: ed survey species & Equipment community - Prohibition of drug and areas within health and alcohol use by workers baseline safety while on the job. condition - Provision of adequate first Evidenc s

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 40 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

aid, first aiders, PPE, e of re- signages (English and vegetati Bauchi Hausa languages). on State - Restriction of unauthorized Ministry of access to all areas of high Evidenc Impleme Environme risk activities e of nt Traffic nt (BSME) - Provision of specific Erosion manage personnel training on control ment worksite OHS management measure plan - Ensure that staging areas s for contractor equipment drainag are adequately delineated e and cordoned off with reflective tapes and barriers - Any uncovered work pits should have appropriate signage and protection around them - Workers should get a daily induction/toolbox before going on the site and a refresher of what happened on site a day before - Adequate safety signage on construction sites should be installed to alert community/drivers/pedestr ians - lighting and/or reflective tapes and signages integrated in all worksites for safety at night - appropriate security measures in place to prevent harassment or kidnapping of workers 5. Site clearing Soil impacts • Vegetation (grasses) shall Contr No Develop Visual Materials Quarterly Environme activities for and be cleared only when actor/ additio ed site observation sourced at ntal &

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 41 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

workers camp sediment contractor is fully mobilised nal cost Reclam from material Social transport for construction. ation licenced borrow Safeguard • Vegetation clearance Plan quarries sites and Officers (where necessary) and Engine Project Risk of excavations shall be ering site exacerbati limited to the demarcated Consul ng erosion construction site. tant Spoil Bauchi concerns • Backfill with excavated soil manage State material where ment Ministry of appropriate. Environme Land Ensure that heaped sand nt (BSME) degradatio delivered for concrete n and mixing/construction works is increased covered with tarpaulin to susceptibilit prevent wind and water y to erosion transport of soil particles. due to sourcing of constructio n materials 6. Mobilisation of Increase Establish worker’s camp and Contr 500,000 Availabil Visual Public Monthly Environme 100,000 personnel demand on provide all basic amenities actor ity of inspection percepti at project ntal existing (water, sanitation etc.). amenitie on site and Safeguard community • Prohibit workers from s in surroundi s Officer health and unauthorized access to workers’ ng sanitation community infrastructure camp communi Bauchi infrastructur ties State e NUWSRP3

Bauchi LGA 7. Site clearing for Loss of • Restrict removal of Contr 250,000 Clearly Visual Available Weekly at Environme 100,000 staging area & vegetation vegetation and trees to actor defined observation; number constructi ntal Workers camp and habitat the area of need only. boundar and and on area Safeguard destruction • Protect all vegetation not ies of diversity s Officer required to be removed protect Biodiversity of plant against damage; ed survey species Bauchi • Undertake quick re areas within State vegetation of exposed soils baseline NUWSRP3 Mobilisation of with indigenous plant Evidenc condition

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 42 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Machinery, Plant species once construction e of re- s & Equipment is completed. vegetati • Ensure construction of on effective drainage system and use erosion protection Evidenc structures such as riprap, e of gabions etc. Erosion control measure s drainag e B. Social 8. Siting of workers • Unauthori • Pay full compensation for Contr 750,000 No of Implementatio Record of Weekly Social 250,000 camp zed land if land is privately actor grievan n of RAP grievanc site Safeguard moveme owned, leasehold or other ces/ es activities officers of nts of legally binding rental Disputes resolved SPIU Land acquisition constructi payment (This is addressed reported for camp and on by the standalone RAP) Grievance along pipe- workers, • Explore all available Redress laying routes constructi options while selecting Committe on worker’s camp with the e equipme objective of avoiding or nt, minimizing negative machiner impacts on communities y and and maintaining heavy constructive relationships duty between local vehicles communities and worker’s (during camp, and after • Enforce a 'closed' camp working policy unless otherwise hours) agreed and approved. could • Workers shall comply with result in the agreed camp closure trespassin hours. g, • Contractor shall implement • Conflict suitable measures to arising maintain the closed camp from land policy, which may include

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 43 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

acquisitio perimeter security fences, n security controls and • Damage guardhouses, monitoring to local transfer of goods into and land and out of camps for property contraband and stolen and goods. create *Contractor shall have a amongst Project Security Management local Plan and should refer to it residents always. a sense of *Contractor, as appropriate, their shall provide adequate privacy recreation facilities for workers being to reduce incentive for leaving invaded. camps during leisure time. • Residents *Contractor shall limit workers may feel interaction with the community vulnerabl when outside the camp e.g., e and by organizing transport directly there to and from the worksite. may be If community members or local increasin businesses express grievances g in relation to camp related incidents activities/operations, the of crime Project shall respond to the and or grievance in accordance with violence the grievance procedure and outlined in the GRM and the threats to Community Grievance the safety Procedure contained in the of Stakeholder Engagement Plan communi (SEP). ty members. • Disparity of pay, increase in disposabl

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 44 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

e income and potential availabilit y of illegal substanc es, illicit or culturally inappropr iate lifestyle choices, leading to increased tension between local communi ties and the workers at camps.

9. Land acquisition • Grievanc • Establishment and SPIU, 750,000 No of Complaints Record of Weekly Social 250,000 es and operation of an effective Grieva grievan log grievanc site Safeguard disputes GRM accessible to nce ces/ es activities officers of arising community members— Redres Disputes resolved SPIU from ideally with involvement of s reported expansio the community, district Com Grievance n level committee and mittee Redress associate Community Based s Committe d Organizations to facilitate (GRCs e constructi early identification of ) on problems and targeted activities mitigating interventions by SPIU. 10. Preparation of Increased • Deploy competent security Contr 500,000 No of Records and Zero Monthly Environme Staging Areas security risks personnel to secure project actor security Interviews security at ntal & 100,000 due to site. personn incidents Construct Social

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 45 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

storage of • Provide adequate training el ion site Safeguard 200,000 materials of security personnel. engage and officers of and • Disclose site security d surroundi SPIU equipment arrangements to the Police ng on site and host communities. communi ties Local Vigilante

Police 11. Labour influx Threat to Develop an induction program Contr 500,000 Workers Visual Communi Monthly Social 150,000 from community including a code of conduct actor manual, observation ty at Safeguard employment on culture, for all workers. The code of employ and interviews percepti Construct s Officer – project safety and conduct will address the ment on and ion site SPIU security following aspect: Respect for codes level of and due to local residents; No hunting or etc. satisfacti surroundi presence unauthorized taking of Level of on. ng of workers products or livestock; Zero awarenes communi Bauchi tolerance of illegal activities s of local ties LGA such as child sexual culture by exploitation and underage sex, migrant prostitution, harassment of workers. women, gender based violence, purchase or use of Grievan Police illegal drugs, fighting; ce Disciplinary measures and Redress sanctions (e.g. dismissal) for System infringement of the code of conduct and/or company Ratio of rules; Commitment / policy to migrant cooperate with law to local enforcement agencies workers investigating perpetrators of crimes including gender-based Presenc violence. e of Provide cultural sensitization security training to improve awareness personn of workers to local cultures, el traditions and lifestyles. Prohibit child and forced labour.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 46 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

• Implement community- based Grievance Redress Mechanism • Limit the number of migrant workers by engaging local workers. • Engage competent security personnel. II. Construction Phase A. Environmental Issues 12. Use of Workers Generation • Ensure provision of sanitary Contr 500,000 Presenc Visual National Weekly at Environme 150,000 Camp of sanitary facilities on site for workers actor e of Observation Environm Project ntal & waste from and enforce usage. function ental Site Social worker’s • Ensure usage of BASEPA al Interview Protectio Safeguard camp approved waste vendor sanitary n Officers for waste evacuation & facilities (Manage disposal. on site ment of BASEPA Waste Solid and vendor Hazardou licenses s Wastes) and Regulatio waste ns 1991. evacuat ion docume ntation Use of workers Generation • The sewage system for the Contr 400,000 camp of sewage camp will be designed, actor .00 Visual Reports of Water built and operated in such assessm possible quality Quarterly SPIU/ 250,000.0 a manner that it should not ent of a contamination tests 0 pollute the ground water standar of ground or nearby surface water. d water or • Separate sewage surface water toilets/bathrooms, will be system arranged for men and women. The number of toilet and bathroom units shall be in accordance with best practice standards (minimum 1

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 47 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

toilet/ bathroom for 20 persons 13. General Public • Develop and implement a Engine 300,000 Availabil Daily at 150,000 reservoir safety, road project specific ering ity of an project rehabilitation accidents Occupational Health and Consul Occupa site Environme works (civil leading to Safety Plan (OHSP). OHSP tant/ tional ntal & works, injuries and • Ensure QA/QC control is Ministr Health Social masonry etc.) fatalities established on inspection y of and Safeguard affecting of materials, which are to Works Safety Procurement Officers host be of best quality to & Plan planning Sourcing of community prevent defective Transp (OHSP). procedures materials population, outcomes on construction ort which sites Availabil could lead • Train drivers on defensive Enviro ity of to conflict/ driving nment QA/QC unrest and • Conveyance of materials al plan for Use of stoppage to site shall be by Safeg the haulage trucks of activities. appropriate transportation uards works for sand & means to prevent damage Speci materials or accidents alist supply • Provide road signs and flag persons to warn of dangerous conditions of Earthworks conveying materials such as the water trucks • Use tarpaulins to cover sand and other loose material when transported by trucks 14. General Soil • Vegetation (grasses) shall Contr No Develop Visual Materials Quarterly Environme reservoir impacts, be cleared only when actor/ additio ed site observation sourced at ntal & rehabilitation generating contractor is fully mobilised nal cost Reclam from material Social works (civil dust and for construction. ation licenced borrow Safeguard works, sediment • Vegetation clearance Plan quarries sites and Officers masonry etc.) transport (where necessary) and Engine Project excavations shall be ering site limited to the demarcated Consul Risk of construction site. tant Spoil Bauchi exacerbati • Backfill with excavated soil manage State ng erosion material where ment Ministry of

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 48 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

concerns appropriate. Environme • Ensure that heaped sand nt (BSME) delivered for concrete Land mixing/construction works degradatio is covered with tarpaulin to n and prevent wind and water increased transport of soil particles. susceptibilit • Provision of adequate first y to erosion aid, first aiders, PPE, due to signages (English and sourcing of Hausa languages). constructio • Restriction of unauthorized n materials access to all areas of high risk activities

15. Rehabilitation Air quality • Deliver equipment Contr See Air In-situ FMEnv Weekly in Environme See I.A.2 activities deterioratio necessary for construction actor I.A.2 quality measurement. permissibl the ntal & involving civil n and other materials when paramet e limit surroundi Social & masonry community is less likely to ers (CO, ng Safeguard work activities be impacted by dust from NO2, Visual communi Officers, moving machinery, such as SO2, observation of ties in the evenings or on CO2, records & weekends. SPM) interviews • Impose a speed limit for all Mainten Bauchi vehicles and construction ance State equipment shall be less records Ministry of than 30km/h within the Driver’s Environme transmission pipelines training nt (BSME) premises and less than records 50km/h within communities. • Haulage trucks carrying sand shall be covered with tarpaulin. Usage of • Hydraulic concrete mixing appropri machines shall be used as ate PPE much as possible and regularly service all construction equipment and machinery.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 49 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

• Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution control devices, which are operating correctly. 16. General Vibration Contr See Noise Noise Noise Weekly Environme See I.A.3. reservoir and noise • Hydraulic concrete mixing actor/ I.A.3. level measurement level at at ntal & rehabilitation nuisance machines shall be used as Engine sensitive Construct Social works (civil much as possible and ering Usage of receptors ion site Safeguard works, regularly service all Consul appropri not to and Officers masonry etc.) construction equipment tant ate PPE exceed nearby and machinery. FMEnv communi • Minimize noise from recomm ties Bauchi construction equipment by ended State using vehicle silencers, Enviro level (90 Ministry of fitting jackhammers with nment dBA) for Environme noise-reducing mufflers al an 8 hour nt (BSME) • Maintain maximum sound Safeg period levels not exceeding 80 uards decibels (dba) when Speci measured at a distance of alist 10m or more from vehicles, plants and machinery. • Train the operators on proper use and maintenance of tools, proper positioning of machinery on site • Maintain noise levels below 80 dB 17. All Visual • Ensure good housekeeping Contr No Docume Visual Quality Daily on Environme construction intrusion at the construction site. actor/ additio nt observation Control/ Site ntal & phase • Ensure an acceptable Engine nal cost houseke Quality Social activities post-construction site as ering eping Assuranc Safeguard per provisions in the Consul procedu e Officers, contract. tant res & Standard • Remove all construction plans for s equipment from the site site after completion of work. Bauchi • Consult with State SPIU on State

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 50 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

the designated areas for Ministry of stockpiling of soil, gravel, Environme and other construction nt (BSME) materials; • Excavate the foundations at the same time as the access roads (if needed) are built so that dug material is used immediately, avoiding the need to stockpile on site; • Keep exposed soil and stockpiles damp by spraying with water when necessary during dry weather; • Use tarpaulins to cover sand and other loose material when transported by trucks; and • Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution control devices, which are operating correctly. 18. Movement of Soil • Develop and implement a Contr 500,000 Emerge Visual FMEnv Monthly Environme 150,000 plant & contaminat site-specific Waste actor ncy observation Soil at Project ntal & equipment to ion Management Plan (WMP) Respons Quality Site Social and from • Prepare and implement an e Plan Standard Safeguard staging area Emergency Response Plan for Laboratory s Officers, to site to respond to incident of spillage testing spillage. develop • Ensure fuel storage tanks ed are installed in a bonded Bauchi area and checked daily. Soil State • Ensure regular quality Ministry of maintenance of vehicles paramet Environme to avoid leaks of oil. ers nt (BSME) Prevent unregulated dumping of fuel waste.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 51 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Bauchi State Environme ntal Protection Agency (BASEPA) 19. Use of plant Release of • Maintain equipment & Contr 100,000 Mainten Visual FMEnv Weekly at Bauchi 150,000 and Green machinery to actor ance Observation permissibl Project State equipment House Gas manufacturers’ records e limit for Site Ministry of with internal emissions specifications by regular Interview air Environme combustion (drivers of servicing to reduce carbon Training emission nt (BSME) engines global emissions. records warming) • Ensure that the mitigation measures in B3 are carried Evidenc Bauchi out. e of State • Train drivers/ workers on waste Ministry of proper operation of burning Environme vehicles and equipment to nt include fuel efficiency and anti-idling. • Ensure no burning of waste or any material on sites. 20. Use of workers Sanitation • Provide bins on site for Contr 200,000 Presenc Visual National Weekly at Bauchi camp issues and temporary storage of actor/ e of Observation Environm Project State public domestic waste such as Engine function ental Site Ministry of health lubricant containers, ering al Protectio Environme impacts drinking water sachets and Consul sanitary n nt (BSME) carrier bags/packaging tant facilities (Manage materials. on site Interview ment of • Dispose all construction Solid and Bauchi and domestic waste at the Hazardou State approved dumpsites and Waste s Wastes) Environme in the approved manner. vendor Regulatio ntal • Ensure all trenches or licenses ns 1991. Protection excavations made during Agency the construction works do Waste (BASEPA) not collect stagnant water, evacuat which could breed ion mosquitoes. docume

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 52 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

• Ensure access to toilets for ntation construction crew or provide temporary toilets (mobile toilets) for use where there are no existing ones. • Ensure mobile toilets/sanitary provisions are provided to reflect gender types. • Ensure regular toolbox meetings are held among contractor workers to offer awareness on transmission of contagious or communicable diseases 21. Operation of Occupatio • Develop and implement a Contr 750,000 OHSP Visual Complian Monthly Environme 250,000 Machinery & nal project specific actor develop observation ce with at ntal & Equipment accidents Occupational Health and ed Factory Construct Social and injuries Safety Plan (OHSP). OHSP Act, 1990 ion Site Safeguard to workers to include but not limited No of s Officer and risk to to: trained community - Prohibition of drug and first Complian health and alcohol use by workers Aiders ce with Movement of safety while on the job. ISO 14001 materials - Provision of adequate first Usage of Occupati aid, first aiders, PPE, appropri onal signages (English and ate PPE Health & Hausa languages). Safety - Restriction of unauthorized Usage of Standard access to all areas of high signage s risk activities and - Provision of specific demarc personnel training on ations worksite OHS management - Ensure that staging areas for contractor equipment are adequately delineated and cordoned off with reflective tapes and

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 53 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

barriers - Any uncovered work pits should have appropriate signage and protection around them - Workers should get a daily induction/toolbox before going on the site and a refresher of what happened on site a day before - Adequate safety signage on construction sites should be installed to alert community/drivers/pedestr ians - lighting and/or reflective tapes and signages integrated in all worksites for safety at night • appropriate security measures in place to prevent harassment or kidnapping of workers 22. Generation • Develop and implement a Contr 250,000 Contrac Visual National Weekly at Environme 200,000 Civil works on of site-specific Waste actor tor’s Observation Environm Project ntal & concrete constructio Management Plan (WMP) WMP ental Site Social reservoir n waste to include the following: Interview Protectio Safeguard including • Ensure segregation of Evidenc n s Officer spoils, waste to facilitate reuse e of (Manage debris and and recycling waste ment of BASEPA concrete opportunities. segrega Solid and • Ensure hazardous wastes tion Hazardou are stored in labeled s Wastes) closed containers with Waste Regulatio secondary containment storage n 1991. with 110% of storage facility containers. • Ensure no burning of waste Waste on site. vendor

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 54 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

• Ensure usage of BASEPA licenses approved waste vendor and for waste evacuation, waste processing & disposal. evacuat ion docume ntation B. Social Issues 23. Interactions Increase in ▪ Ensure access into Contr 250,000 Evidenc Records Docume Check 350,000.0 between spread of construction site of the actor/ e of inspection ntation and 0 workers and Communic treatment plant is restricted Engine inclusion evaluate local able ▪ Free testing kits ering in the during communities diseases, ▪ Provision of condoms Consul bid bid STDs such ▪ Vaccinating workers tant; advert evaluatio as against common and and n HIV/AIDS, locally prevalent diseases; Bauch contract tuberculosis ▪ Monitoring of local i State and other population health data, in Ministr STIs particular for transmissible y of Social diseases. Health Safeguard ▪ Implementation of s Officer - HIV/AIDS education SPIU program; • Information campaigns on Once STDs among the workers annually Supervisio and local community in Records n collaboration WITH of consultant relevant HIV/AIDS training and GBV management and Specialist organizations in Bauchi awaren state. ess conduct ed and evidenc e of GBV track protocol prepare d

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 55 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

23. Interactions Risk of • Commitment / policy to Contr 500,000 Evidenc Records Docume Check Social 350,000.0 between GBV/SEA cooperate with law actor .00 e of inspection ntation and Safeguard 0 workers and host and VAC enforcement agencies inclusion evaluate s Officer - communities as a result investigating perpetrators in the during SPIU of Labour of gender-based violence; bid bid Influx • Provision of opportunities advert evaluatio for workers to regularly and n return to their families; contract • Provision of opportunities for workers to take advantage of entertainment opportunities away from Supervisio rural host communities. n • Capacity building for local consultant law enforcement and the Once and GBV Bauchi State ministry of annually Specialist Women Affairs and child Records development to act on of GBV complaints; training • Information and awareness and raising campaigns for awaren community members, ess specifically women and conduct girls; ed and • Provision of information to evidenc the project corridor about e of the contractor’s policies GBV and Worker Code of track Conduct (where protocol applicable). prepare • Enforcement of laws on d sexual violence and human trafficking. • Include in the bid document and also in the contract the need for contractor to draft and sign the following: • Company’s code of

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 56 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

conduct for prevention of GBV and VAC; • Manager’s code of conduct for prevention of GBV and VAC • Individual’s code of conduct for prevention of GBV and VAC

• Community and workers’ training and community sensitization on GBV/SEA/VAC; • Developing a specific internal “Reporting and Response Protocol and GRM" to guide relevant stakeholders in case of GBV/SEA/VAC incidents,

C. Operational Phase 24. Operation of Generation • Ensure provision of sanitary Contr 500,000 Presenc Visual National Weekly at Environme 150,000 workers camp of sanitary facilities on site for workers actor e of Observation Environm Project ntal & prior to waste from and enforce usage. function ental Site Social demobilisation worker’s • Ensure usage of BASEPA al Interview Protectio Safeguard of facilities camp approved waste vendor sanitary n s Officer - for waste evacuation & facilities (Manage SPIU disposal. on site ment of Waste Solid and vendor Hazardou licenses s Wastes) and Regulatio waste ns 1991. Supervisio evacuat n ion consultant docume and GBV ntation Specialist BASEPA

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 57 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

25. Backfilling of Open pits • Ensure pits and trenches Bauch Part of Records Visual WHO Quarterly Bauchi Part of open pits or trenches are properly cordoned off i State Operati of observation Guideline at the State operation trenches can be a with safety caution tapes Water onal inspecti s value reservoir Ministry of cost dangerous until the backfilling is Corpo cost on, Water for during Water fall hazard. complete ration mainten sampling and drinking- operation Resources Also if filled • Carry out periodic safety ance laboratory/ in- water (BSMWR) with walkabouts to ensure that and situ analysis quality stagnant open trenches are properly water water is backfilled sample capable of analysis breeding insects (such as mosquitoes )

26. Commissioning Generation • Develop and implement a BSWS Part of WMP for Visual Manage Daily BSME Part of & testing of of site-specific Waste C/ Mainte mainten observation ment of during operation reservoir constructio Management Plan (WMP) Contr nance ance Solid and maintena BASEPA cost n waste to include the following: actor cost activities Hazardou nce and debris • Ensure segregation of . s Wastes works at waste to facilitate reuse Regulatio project and recycling Waste ns of site opportunities. vendor 1991. • Ensure usage of BASEPA licences approved waste vendor for waste evacuation, Waste processing & disposal. docume ntation D. Decommissioning I. Environmental Issues 27. Demobilisation Risks of • Develop & implement a Contr Part of OHSP Visual Complian Monthly BSMWR of facilities, plant occupation project specific actor Mainte develop observation ce with at & equipment al Occupational Health and nance ed Factory Construct accidents Safety Plan (OHSP) to cost Act, 1990 ion Site and injuries include but not limited to: No of to workers. - Prohibition of drug and trained alcohol use by workers first while on the job. Aiders - Provision of adequate first

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 58 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

aid, first aiders, PPE, signages (English and Hausa languages). Usage of - Restriction of unauthorized appropri access to all areas of high ate PPE risk activities. - Provision of specific personnel training on worksite OHS management Usage of - Ensure that staging areas signage for contractor equipment and are adequately delineated demarc and cordoned off with ations reflective tapes and barriers - Workers should get a daily induction/toolbox before going on the site and a refresher of what happened on site a day before - Adequate safety signage on construction sites should be installed to alert community/drivers/pedestr ians - lighting and/or reflective tapes and signages integrated in all worksites for safety at night • appropriate security measures in place to prevent harassment or kidnapping of workers

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 59 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

28. Reconnection of Water All pipelines disconnected prior BSWS Part of OHSP Visual Complian Monthly Bauchi Part of rehabilitated contaminat to the expansion work to be C/ Mainte develop observation ce with at State operation reservoir to ion properly reconnected before Contr nance ed Factory Construct Ministry of cost pipeline network handover of project. actor cost Act, 1990 ion Site Water Conduct regular inspection No of Resources and maintenance of surface trained pipeline network including first applying rust proofing, and Aiders repairing damaged structures. Ensure that all installation, Usage of repair, replacement and appropri rehabilitation work conform to ate PPE requirements for sanitary protection. Usage of signage and demarc ations Sub-Total Mitigation 8,700,000 Sub-Total Monitoring 3,700,000

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 60 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

6.2. Institutional arrangements

Institutional arrangement for the implementation of the Framework of this ESMP as shown in table 17 shall comprise: • Bauchi State NUWSRP3 Project Office • State Ministry of Works & Transport • Federal & State Ministries of Environment • Bauchi State Ministry of Water Resources and Sewerage

Roles and responsibilities for the implementation of the Framework ESMP • Bauchi NUWSRP3 Project Coordinator • Environmental safeguards specialist (ESS-PIU) • Social safeguards specialist (SSS-PIU) • Procurement specialist (PS-PIU) • Technical specialist (TS – PIU) • Financial management specialist (FS – PIU) • Monitoring and Evaluation specialist (M&E-PIU)

Table 17: Role and responsibilities No Steps/Activities Responsible Collaboration Service Provider 1. Identification and/or Bauchi NUWSRP3 • Local Bauchi State siting of the sub- authority Ministry of project • Bauchi State Works & Ministry of Transport Water Resources Implementation of Env. Safeguards Bauchi 2. mitigation measures specialist (ESS) and • Local NUWSRP3 included in ESMP Social Safeguards authority Safeguards Specialist (SSS) on • Social Unit the Bauchi Safeguards NUWSRP3. Specialist (SSS) on the Bauchi NUWSRP3 • FMENV • Bauchi State Ministry of Environment • BASEPA 4. Preparation of this safeguard document/instrument (ESMP) Bauchi in accordance with the national legislation/procedure NUWSRP3 (considering the Bank policies’ requirements) Report validation • Procurement • FMEnv and issuance of the Env. Safeguards specialist (PS- • The World permit (when Specialist (ESS) on Bauchi Bank 5. required) the Bauchi NUWSRP3) NUWSRP3 • Bauchi NUWSRP3

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 61 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

social safeguards • Local authority 6. (i) Oversee process Project • Bauchi of land acquisition to Coordinator NUWSRP3 ensure GRM redress Social Safeguards Bauchi SPIU Safeguards mechanism is in use, Specialist (ESS) on Unit where necessary. the Bauchi Communities NUWSRP3 (ii) Supervision of Contractor labor recruitment process to monitor GBV, SEA & child labour issues

7. Disclosure of the Environmental & Project • Media; document Social Safeguards Coordinator • FMENV Specialist • The World Bank (i) Integrating the • Control Firm 8. construction phase Technical staff in • Bauchi (Supervisor) mitigation measures charge of the sub- NUWSRP3 PEA and E&S clauses in project (TS-Bauchi Environmental the bidding NUWSRP3) Safeguards document prior to Specialist advertisement; (ii) • Bauchi ensuring that the NUWSRP3 consultant prepares Procurement this ESMP (C-ESMP), Specialist (PS- gets it approved and Bauchi integrates the NUWSRP3) relevant measures in • Supervising the works consultant breakdown structure (WBS) or execution plan. Implementation of all ESS- Bauchi • PS-Bauchi • Consultant 9. safeguard measures, NUWSRP3 NUWSRP3) • Relevant including, review of • SSS-Bauchi • TS-Bauchi Federal & safeguard NUWSRP3) NUWSRP3) State documents • Financial Staff Regulators environmental and (FS-Bauchi • NGOs social monitoring NUWSRP3) (when relevant) and • Local authority sensitization activities

• Prepare Terms of Reference for environmental and social

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 62 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

safeguards studies • Review all ESIAs/ESMPs documents prepared by environmental and social consultants and ensure adequacy under the World Bank Safeguard policies • Ensure that the project design and specifications adequately reflect the recommendation s of the ESIAs/ ESMPs • Co-ordinate application, follow up processing and obtain requisite clearances required for the project • Liaise with the Federal and State Ministries of Environment to disclose safeguard documents • Develop, organize and deliver training program for the PIU staff, the contractors and others involved in the project implementation, in collaboration with the PIU • Review and approve the Contractor’s

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 63 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

ESMP • Liaise with various Central and State Government agencies on environmental, resettlement and other regulatory matters • Continuously interact with any identified NGOs and community groups that would be involved in the project • Establish dialogue with the affected project areas and ensure that the environmental and social concerns and suggestions are incorporated and implemented in the project • Review the performance of the project through an assessment of the periodic environmental and social monitoring reports; provide a summary of the same to the Project Manager, and initiate necessary follow- up actions • Prepare monthly environmental safeguards reports for the attention of the FPMU Safeguards unit

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 64 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

10. Oversight of SSES • Monitoring • Control Firm safeguards and (Supervisor) implementation Evaluation (internal) specialist (M&E- Bauchi NUWSRP3) • FS-Bauchi NUWSRP3) • Local authority Reporting on project Coordinator • M&E-Bauchi safeguards NUWSRP3 performance and • ESS-Bauchi disclosure NUWSRP3 • SSS-Bauchi NUWSRP3 External oversight of Bauchi State • M&E-Bauchi • FMEnv the project Environmental NUWSRP3 • BASEPA safeguards Protection Agency • ESS-Bauchi compliance/perform NUWSRP3 ance • SSS-Bauchi NUWSRP3 • PS-Bauchi NUWSRP3 • Supervisor 11. Building ESS-Bauchi • SSS-Bauchi • Consultant stakeholders’ NUWSRP3 NUWSRP3 • Other capacity in • PS-Bauchi qualified safeguards NUWSRP3 public management institutions

Independent ESS- Bauchi • SSS-Bauchi • Consultant 12. evaluation of the NUWSRP3 NUWSRP3 safeguards • PS-Bauchi performance (Audit) NUWSRP3

The Bauchi NUWSRP3, and any institution participating in the implementation, will not issue a Request for Proposal (RFP) of any activity without the construction phase’s Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) inserted in, and will not authorize the works to commence before the contractor’s ESMP (C-ESMP) has been approved and integrated into the overall planning of the works.

6.3 Monitoring and Reporting

6.3.1 Environmental and Social Monitoring Environmental and Social monitoring is a crucial component of the ESMP during project implementation. This systematic monitoring will comprise both effects and compliance monitoring of the implementation of the Bauchi NUWSRP3 sub-projects throughout the entire life cycle and shall oversee the effectiveness of impact mitigation measures, including the extent to which mitigation measures are successfully implemented. Particularly, monitoring shall:

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 65 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

• Improve environmental and social management practices; • Check the efficiency and quality of the ESMP processes; • Establish the scientific reliability and credibility of the ESMP for the project (as well as the quality of specialists providing ESMP consultancy services • Provide the opportunity to report the results on safeguards and impacts and proposed mitigation measures implementation.

Upon commencement of sub-project implementation in the excavation, pipe-laying & construction works, the environmental and social specialist & the safeguard unit of Bauchi NUWSRP3 will begin monitoring as an important feedback mechanism. This ensures compliance with the environmental and social measures of the ESMP.

Methods for monitoring the implementation of mitigation measures or environmental impacts should be as simple as possible, consistent with collecting useful information, so that the sub project implementer can apply them. For instance, they could just be regular observations of the sub project activities or sites during construction and then when in use.

Some indicators that could be used to ensure participation process involved in subproject activities include: • Number and percentage of affected households/individuals/institutions consulted during the planning stage; • Levels of decision-making of affected people; • Level of understanding of project impacts and mitigation; • Effectiveness of local authorities to contributing and making relevant decisions; • Frequency and quality of public meetings; with community heads and general public;

The environmental and social monitoring plan is shown in table 16, while table 17 shows the specific environmental monitoring plan.

6.3.2 Monitoring Activities Monitoring shall be conducted to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of operational controls and other measures intended to mitigate potential impacts. The Monitoring Plan for this ESMP including monitoring parameters, frequency, responsibility and cost are included in Table 18.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 66 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Table 18: Specific Environmental & Social Parameters Monitoring Plan Impact Parameter Time of Impact FMEnv Limits Sampling Sampling Sampling Monitoring Monitoring Impact/Project Phase Indicator Location Frequency Method Duration Personnel Ambient Air Site preparation, TSP 600g/m3 Receiving air - Daily, during site Quality & Construction/rehabilit NO2 upwind & preparation, Air Sampler Short-term PIU-NUWSRP3 100 g/m3 particulate and ation & Operation of SO2 downwind of the construction; Contractor 3 gaseous emission facility CO 300 g/m site Once every three BSMEnv & HC 20 ppm months during Long-term FMEnv operation of facility Noise Site preparation, Noise Level 80 dBA (8-hr) Work Site and Daily (During site Decibel PIU-NUWSRP3 Construction/rehabilit 200m away preparation, Noise Meter Short-term Contractor ation & Operation of construction BSMEnv & facility FMEnv Water Site preparation, pH As specified in Receiving water Daily during Water Quality Construction/rehabilit Temperature FMEnv body/ drainage Land preparation & Sampler, Short-term PIU-NUWSRP3 (Surface) ation & Operation of Oil & Grease Guidelines (upstream & construction & for 1- Turbidi-meter Contractor facility Salinity Down-stream of month at operation. and pH- BSMEnv & COD discharge point). meter FMEnv BOD Turbidity TDS TSS Heavy Metals Soil Site preparation, Particle Size, As specified Within and around Once, before and after Visual Short-term PIU-NUWSRP3 Construction/ Total Org C, in construction area. construction Inspection Contractor rehabilitation Oil & Grease FMEnv and Soil BSMEnv & Heavy Guidelines Sampler FMEnv Metals, Nutrients, Socio-economics Construction/ Absence of National/ Host communities Monthly during Socio- Short term PIU-NUWSRP3 rehabilitation stage Contractor/ World Bank construction economic Contractor community guidelines & survey, BSMEnv & conflict, procedures observations FMEnv increase/ and decrease in interviews economic activities Health Construction/ Presence/ National Host communities Monthly at Interview & Long term PIU-NUWSRP3, Rehabilitation & absence of health survey construction and bi- medical BSMoH, BSMEnv,

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operation alien guidelines annually at operation examinations & BASEPA diseases stages & records Land acquisition Pre-construction Complaints National/ Host communities Weekly before Complaints Long term PIU-NUWSRP3 of land take World Bank construction received by or guidelines & SPIU Economic economic procedures displacement displaceme Grievance nt redress (Grievance mechanism Log) Risk of Increase in Construction & Increase in National/ Host communities During and after Interview & Long term PIU-NUWSRP3 spread of Operation reported World Bank construction works medical BSMoH Communicable cases guidelines & examinations diseases, STDs procedures & records such as HIV/AIDS and other STIs Risk of GBV/SEA Construction & Presence/ National/ Host communities During and after Interview & Long term PIU-NUWSRP3 and VAC as a Operation absence of World Bank construction works medical BSMoH result of Labour reported guidelines & examinations Influx cases procedures & records Reconnection of Operation & Visual National/ Host communities During operation & Interview & Long term PIU-NUWSRP3 utilities such as Decommissioning inspections State, World decommissioning records of BMWR existing pipe- and Bank inspections network reported guidelines & cases procedures

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 68 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

The monitoring activities, which shall include both Internal and External Monitoring for the ESMP is presented in Table 19 below. Monitoring results shall be documented with preventive/corrective actions to be implemented.

Table 19: Internal and External Monitoring Monitoring Action Responsibility When Deliverables Internal Regular site visit Environmental During Monitoring Monitoring (Frequency is defined and Social Preconstruction, Reports and in Table 19) to ensure Safeguard Construction documentation that the mitigation Officers from and Operation as described in measures and actions SPIU. Phases Sub-section specified in the 6.3.2 monitoring plan and as bound by the contract is satisfactorily implemented. Site visit for monitoring Independent During Observations and inspection to Supervising Preconstruction and Monitoring ensure contractor Engineer Construction Reports to be adhere strictly to the and Operation compiled and engineering designs Phases presented to and specifications for the SPIU. the project External Regular site visit to FMEnv, Bauchi During Inspect Monitoring check adherence to State Ministry of Preconstruction, monitoring mitigation measures Environment, Construction reports from and standards using Representatives and Operation Safeguard units the monitoring of affected Phases and provide indicators specified in communities, feedback on the monitoring plan and other observations. and other national relevant MDAs. Enforce and international corrective environmental & actions where social requirements. necessary.

6.3.3 Reporting Procedures The reporting procedures presented in Table 20 have been developed in order to ensure that the SPIU is able to receive feedback from the implementation of the ESMP on an ongoing basis and to take rapid corrective actions if there are issues of non-conformance.

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Table 20: Reporting Procedures Phase Respo Deliverables Accountability nsibilit y Preconstructio Safegu Report of monitoring activities including SPIU, also BSME & n ard any specific events FMEnv on request Unit Construction Safegu Two (2) monitoring Reports SPIU, also BSME & ard First to be prepared mid-way into the FMEnv on request Unit civil works and the other upon completion of all construction activities. Safegu Additional Reports according to specific SPIU, also BSME & ard conditions e.g. Accidents, serious FMEnv on request Unit environmental/social impacts Completion of Safegu Final Monitoring Report including all SPIU. Report to be construction ard monitoring activities throughout project archived and made and Unit implementation available to the demobilization World Bank, BSME & of contractor FMEnv on request from site

6.3.4. Record Keeping and Control The contractor is required to keep records providing evidence of ongoing mitigation activities. Such records may include site monitoring plan, HSE Policy, Site Specific OHS Plan (See Appendix 7), Waste Management Plan (See Annex 10), Traffic Control Plan (See annex 11), Emergency response and preparedness procedures (See Appendix 12), site instructions, training records, complaints records, incident report, Inspection, maintenance and equipment calibration records. These documents should be made available to the Safeguard Unit upon request.

The E&S Safeguard Unit is also required to keep records to provide evidence of monitoring activities and effectiveness of the monitoring plan. The site- monitoring plan identified problems/corrective actions and monitoring Reports highlighted in sub-section 6.3.2 are to be kept by the Safeguard unit and be made available to relevant regulators upon request. In addition, all significant communications with FMEnv, BSME and other relevant authorities should be documented and kept. These documents are required to track performance in order to achieve and demonstrate compliance with the monitoring plan and applicable regulatory requirements.

6.3.5 Implementation Schedule The activities related to environmental management and monitoring must be integrated in the overall construction schedule. The project implementation phase is estimated to be completed in 18 months. The implementation schedule is presented in Table 21.

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Table 21: Tentative ESMP Implementation Schedule

S Activity Description Responsib Preconstrutio Constructiuon (Month) Operati / le n (Month) on N Phase 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1. Clearance and Formal SPIU Disclosure of ESIA/ESMP 2. Incl usion of E&S SPIU Requirements in bid documents 3. Allocating Budget for SPIU ESMP 4. Appointing Support Staff SPIU for ESMP 5. Review & Approval of SPIU Contractor’s E&S Plans 6. Finalization of SPIU/ Engineering Designs Consultan t 7. Mobilization to site Contracto r 8. Site Clearing Contracto r 9. Construction Phase Contracto r 10. Implementation of SPIU/ Mitigation Contracto r 11. Supervising ESMP SPIU Implementation 12. Monitoring & Reporting SPIU/MDA on ESMP Implementation s 13. Environmental and E&S Social Training Consultan t 14. Environmental and SPIU/SME Social Auditing /Consulta nt

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6.4 Environmental and Social Management Organization The successful implementation of the ESMP will depend on the commitment and capacity of the State Project Implementation Unit (SPIU), Contractors and other third parties (institutions) to implement the program effectively. The roles and responsibilities of those that will be involved in the implementation and monitoring of this ESMP are described in Table 22.

Table 22: Roles and Responsibility of Institutions to implement the ESMP S/ Category Roles & Responsibilities N 1. Federal • Approve disclosure of ESIA/ESMP in country Ministry of • Environmental monitoring to ensure country standards is complied with Environment 2. Bauchi State  Environmental monitoring and compliance overseer at the State level Ministry of  Site assessment and monitoring of ESMP implementation. Environment 3. SPIU • Ensuring approval of fund for Environmental and Social safeguards unit and M&E implementation and monitoring functions; • Ensure that the ESIA/ESMP is disclosed to the public • Responsible for coordination to ensure that parties to implementation carry out their responsibilities as and when due. • Ensure that World Bank safeguards policies and country standards are adhered to by contractor and workers through supervision and funding of mitigation measures/ESMP 4 Environment Environmental Safeguards Officer al & Social • Carry out supervision functions during construction to ensure that Safeguard contractor and workers adhere to mitigation measures in the Units ESMP; • Collate environmental baseline data on relevant environmental characteristics for monitoring and auditing • Ensure that project activities are implemented in accordance with good practices and guidelines set out in the site specific ESMP; • Identify and liaise with all stakeholders involved in environment related issues in the project; and be responsible for the overall monitoring of mitigation measures and the impacts of the project during implementation. Social Safeguards • Coordinate and ensures the implementation of the social aspects of the ESMP • Identify and liaise with all stakeholders involved in social related issues in the project; • Conduct impact evaluation and beneficiary’s assessment; and • Establish partnerships & liaise with organizations, Community Based Organizations (CBOs), Civil Society Organizations (CSOs). 5 Contractor  Compliance to BOQ specification in procurement of material and construction  Implement ESMP during project implementation  Develop C-ESMP  Ensuring staff good behavior/ practices including the use of PPEs and zero gender violence  Compliance to BOQ specification in procurement of material and

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construction  Hire Safeguards personnel implement ESMP during project implementation  Mitigate environmental and social Impacts  Implementation of code of conduct for all staff  Develop contractor ESMP (C-ESMP)  Preparation of work plans for environmental and social management in line with the ESMP  Ensure any changes during construction process that may have a significant environmental and social impact are communicated to ESO in time and managed accordingly.  Maintain records of environmental incidents as well as corrective and preventive actions taken  Supervision of implementation of all the measures and preparation of required Monitoring report  Contractor should ensure that the safety officer conducts a Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) prior to the commencement of work to identify the hazards associated with the job activities  Ensure all contractors and workers sign the Code of Conduct (CoC) and are routinely trained on the contents of the CoC  Provide adequate basic amenities and PPEs to workers, and ensure that the PPEs are worn by workers during work.  Prepare and maintain records and all required reporting data as stipulated by the ESMP, for submission to the Supervising Consultant 6 Supervising  Supervise the implementation of the ESMP by the Contractors; Consultant  Review the Contractors Environmental and Social Implementation Plans (CESMP) to ensure compliance with the ESMP  Review site-specific environmental enhancement/mitigation designs worked out by the Contractor.  Develop of good practice construction guidelines to assist the contractors in implementing ESMPs.  Prepare and submit regular environmental monitoring and implementation progress reports.  Continuous interaction with the Engineer/ESSU regarding the implementation of the environmental/social provisions in the ESMP  Provides an independent oversight ensuring contractor adhere strictly to the engineering specifications and provide frequent reports on contractor/ Clients compliance  Preparation and implementation of the Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan during construction  Supervision of contractor performance of implementation of the Construction and Work Camp Management Plan  Hire Safeguards personnel implement ESMP  Thorough supervision of the mitigation of the environmental and Social impacts such as labour influx and GBV  Reporting any incidents or non-compliance with the ESMP to the PIU  Ensuring adequate training and education of all staff involved in environmental supervision  Making recommendations to the PIU regarding ESMP performance as part of an overall commitment to continuous improvement  Supervise contractor performance of implementation of the

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Construction Campsite/Staging area Camp Management Plan/CESMP  Prepare monthly safeguards report including recommendations to the PIU regarding ESMP performance as part of an overall commitment to continuous improvement 7 Bauchi State • Inspection of project premises in order to ensure strict compliance Environment with sanitation and waste management standards in the state. al Protection • Collaboration with other MDAs at the State and Federal level, NGOs Agency and Donor Agencies in environmental protection and management (BASEPA) especially in areas of waste recycling etc. 8 Bauchi LGA • Provision of oversight function across project within its jurisdiction for ESMP compliance. • Monitoring of activities related to public health, sanitation, waste management amongst others. 9 Affected • Promote environmental awareness. Community • Review environmental and social performance report made available and Public by SPIU. • Provide comments, advice and/or complaints on issues of nonconformity. • Attend public meetings organized by the SPIU to disseminate information and receive feedback. • Identify issues that could derail the project and support project mitigation measures and awareness campaigns. 10 CDA  Ensure community participation by mobilizing, sensitizing community members; 11 NGOs/CSOs • Assisting in their respective ways to ensure effective response actions, conducting scientific researches alongside government groups to evolve and devise sustainable environmental strategies and techniques. 12 World Bank  Overall supervision and provision of technical support and guidance.  Disclosure of ESIA/ESMP at World Bank external site  Oversight mission to monitor SPIU’s implementation and performance of ESMP

6.4 Capacity Building for Implementation of ESMP and Permit Conditions An initial assessment indicates that the capacity of the SPIU for implementing this ESMP is weak, especially in the area of World Bank’s environmental safeguards policies, and the application & management, therefore requiring strengthening in order to close these gaps.

Consequently, a training Workshop will be organized to guide the implementation of the ESMP and topical areas of discussion would include the Permit Schedule, World Bank’s Safeguards Policy triggered and environmental management. The training on the ESMP implementations will include the Code of conduct for contractor and his/her labour force, public health and safety issues, occupational health, Grievance Redress Mechanism for the project, ESMP monitoring and reporting. The capacity building will also involve sensitisation of workers on issues such as child sexual exploitation, labour influx, Gender Based Violence, HIV/AIDS and their mitigation measures.

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6.5 Objectives of the training The main objective of the capacity building and training activities is to create, enhance and develop the necessary awareness, skills and abilities for successful implementation of the proposed project. It is also further recommended that the site meetings discuss the ESMP issues and any health and safety issues identified in the course of the month. Non-compliances identified during monitoring should be reviewed and corrective actions taken. The capacity building plan proposed to achieve this is provided in Table 23.

Table 23: Capacity building plan for implementation of the ESMP & permit conditions No. Activity Target Timeline/Durati Proposed Cost NGN Group/Participants on Facilitator 1. Training Workshop on Engineering Consultant Prior to Safeguards 600,000.00 preparation of ESMP, -Resident Engineer, resumption/ Specialist/ Permit Schedule, Clerk of Works commencement Consultant Triggered World Bank Contractor, contractor of construction Safeguards Policy and workers works. (2 days) environmental Manager, Foreman, management, Engineers sensitisation of workers -Project Coordinator, on child sexual Works Engineer, exploitation and Planning Officer, HIV/AIDS, labour influx, Finance Officer Gender Based Safeguard Officers Violence, and their mitigation measures. 2. Induction on All construction/ Prior to Lead 250,000.00 occupational and contractor workers commencement Contractor/ public health and safety of construction Engineering requirements of the works. (1 day) Consultant works and environmental management, training on code of conduct understanding Total 850,000.00

Description of cost breakdown Description Cost (NGN)

Professional fee for 2 Consultants 300,000.00 Rent/Hiring of facility (for 2 day training) 200,000.00 Feeding of participants - tea break 100,000.00 Feeding of participants (2 days) 200,000.00 Total 850,000.00

6.6 Output of the training Capacity building on the health, safety, environmental and social management measures provided in this chapter is required to ensure the effective implementation of the ESMP and the permit conditions. All monthly and progress reports should capture health, safety and environment capacity building activities carried out.

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6.7 Contractual Measures Most of the mitigation measures are the obligation of the Contractor during the pre-construction and construction phases of the project. Consequently, the potential contractor will have to prepare their proposals taking into account the measures in Table 24 as well as the detailed general environmental management conditions during civil works attached as Appendix 2.

Table 24:Contractual Measures Action Remarks The measures as described in this ESMP The non-inclusion of these measures in the shall be included in the tender proposal will lead to a disqualification of the documents with appropriate flexibility to proponent; adjust these measures to site The contract with the successful bidder circumstances, and that the potential should contain these environmental and contractor will have to prepare their social management measures as firm proposals taking into account these conditions to be complied with. measures. Specifically, the measures should be This approach will ensure that the translated into a suite of environmental environmental and social controls integrate specification that are written in the same seamlessly into the tender document and language style and format as the rest of are presented in a familiar form to the the contract document Contractor Cost of mitigation measures be added to The contactor must take into account and the cost of the contractual document put the cost for the environmental and social requirements specified in the ESMP.

6.8 Estimated Budget for ESMP Implementation

The environmental and social management actions is estimated at Fifteen Million, Five Hundred and Five Thousand Naira Only (N15,575,000.00), and dollar equivalent of Forty Three Thousand, Two Hundred and Sixty Three Dollars, Eighty Nine Cents Only ($43,263.43) will be required to implement the provisions of the ESMP for this intervention project as shown in Table 25.

Table 25: ESMP Budget Unit Cost Total* Source of # Item Unit financing Local US$ Local US$ World ($1=N305) Bank interventi on loan 1 Mitigation Sum 8,700,000.0 24,166.67 8,700,000.0 24,166.67 2 Capacity Building Sum 850,000.00 2,361.11 850,000.00 2,361.11 3 Monitoring Sum 3,700,000.0 10,277.78 3,700,000.0 10,277.78 4 Contingency 1,325,000.0 3,680.56 1,325,000.0 3,680.56

Total 15,575,000.0 43,263.89

6.9 ESMP Disclosures After the ESIA review and clearance by the World Bank, the information in Table 26 describes the process of disclosure.

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Table 26:ESMP Disclosure s/n Action Remarks 1 Disclosure on 2 state newspapers The SPIU will disclose the ESIA/ESMP as required by the Nigeria EIA public notice and review procedures 2 Disclosure on 2 national newspapers The SPIU will disclose the ESIA/ESMP as required by the Nigeria EIA public notice and review procedures 3 Disclosure at the Bauchi State Ministry of The SPIU will disclose the ESIA/ESMP as required by the Environment Nigeria EIA public notice and review procedures 4 Disclosure at the BSWSC (SPIU) office The SPIU will disclose the ESIA/ESMP as required by the Nigeria EIA public notice and review procedures 5 Disclosure at Bauchi LGA office The purpose will be to inform stakeholders about the project activities; E&S impacts anticipated and proposed E&S mitigation measures. 6 Disclosure at the World Bank Info Shop The ESMP will be disclosed according to the World Bank ESS 10 (Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure)

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CHAPTER SEVEN: Grievance Redress Mechanism

7.1 Introduction The Grievance Redress Mechanism is an important aspect in projects involving land acquisition or displacement. The redress of grievance is important to avoid unnecessary legal delays and cost overrun of the project. Also, this is a forum for people to express their dissatisfaction over compensation.

Grievance mechanisms are increasingly important for development projects where ongoing risks or adverse impacts are anticipated. For the proposed subprojects, grievances are likely to arise due to the following:

i) Delay in civil works; ii) Conflict between construction workers and community members; iii) Unmanaged expectations; iv) Lack of information about the project

To manage these social risks and others, which cannot be foreseen now with a view to ensuring successful project development and implementation, experience has revealed that open dialogue and collaborative grievance resolution represent the best practice. The grievance mechanisms shall at a minimum be targeted at the following:

i) Provide a way to reduce risk for projects, ii) Provide an effective avenue for expressing concerns and achieving remedies for communities; iii) Promote a mutually constructive relationship; iv) Prevent and address community concerns, and v) Assist larger processes that create positive social change.

7.2 Grievance Redress Committee

A Grievance Redress Committee shall be constituted within the PIU to receive, and ensure satisfactory resolution of grievances. The main functions of the Committee are spelt out below: • Receive grievances from member of the public; • Evaluate grievances from affected persons concerning the application to them of the Entitlement Policy; • Recommend to the Social Officer, PIU as the case may be, solutions to such grievances from affected persons; • Communicate the decisions to the Claimants; • Hear appeals from persons, households or groups who, not being affected persons, believe that they are qualified to be recognized as affected persons, to recommend to the PIU whether such persons should be recognized as affected persons, and to communicate the decision of the PIU in that regard to the Claimants; • Ensure that all notices, forms, and other documentation required by aggrieved persons are made available in Local language understood by people • Made provision for complainants to submit claims without fear of retaliation.

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7.3 Grievance Redress Process

At the time that the sub projects implementation are approved and contracts are signed, communities will have been informed of the process for expressing dissatisfaction and to seek redress.

The grievance procedure will be simple and administered as far as possible at the local levels to facilitate access, flexibility and ensure transparency. All the grievances will be channeled via the Grievance redress committee (GRC) for each sub project at the sector level. As depicted in flow chart (Figure 8)

There is no ideal model or one-size-fits-all approach to grievance resolution. The best solutions to conflicts are generally achieved through localized mechanisms that take account of the specific issues, cultural context, local customs and project conditions and scale. In its simplest form, grievance mechanisms can be broken down into the following components:

(i) Receive and register a complaint (ii) Screen and assess the complaint (iii) Formulate a response (within a specified time frame) (iv) Select a resolution approach (v) Implement the approach (vi) Settle the issues (vii) Track and evaluate results (viii) Appeals process (ix) Monitoring and reporting to project management to detect systemic problems; (x) Learn from the experience and communicate back to all parties involved.

7.4 Expectation When Grievances Arise When local people present a grievance, they generally expect to receive one or more of the following: acknowledgement of their problem, an honest response to questions/issues brought forward, an apology, adequate compensation, modification of the conduct that caused the grievance and some other fair remedies. In voicing their concerns, they also expect to be heard and taken seriously. Therefore, the company, contractors, or government officials must convince people that they can voice grievances and work to resolve them without retaliation. To address these challenges, companies are being called upon to lead and work with their host communities to fund non-judicial, dialogue-based approaches for preventing and addressing community grievances. The overall process of grievance shall follow this approach: • During the initial stages of the valuation process, the affected persons are given copies of grievance procedures as a guide on how to handle the grievances;

• The process of grievance redress will start with registration of the grievances to be addressed for reference, and to enable progress updates of the cases. • The response time will depend on the issue to be addressed but it should be addressed with efficiency. Nevertheless, Grievance form will be filled by person affected by the project with the Grievance Redress Committee, which will act on it within 10 working days on receipt. If no understanding or

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amicable solution is reached, or the affected person does not receive a response from the local Grievance Redress Committee within 15 working days, the affected person can appeal to a designated office in the PIU, which should act on the complaint/grievance within 15 working days of its filing. • Compensation will be paid to individual PAPs only after a written consent of the PAPs, including both husband and wife. • All reasonable moves shall be made to settle any arising grievance amicably. If affected person is not satisfied with the decision received, he/she can, as a last resort, appeal to a court of competent jurisdiction. Affected persons will be exempted from all administrative and legal fees incurred pursuant to grievance redress procedures. • The appeals process will use a local mechanism, which includes peers and local leaders of the affected people. These will ensure equity across cases; they eliminate nuisance claims and satisfy legitimate claimants at low cost.

It is recognized that the formal legal mechanisms for grievance redress tend to be a lengthy and acrimonious procedures, thus for Bauchi NUWSRP3, an informal grievance redress mechanism through the PIU Safeguard Units will be established. This unit will work with a committee comprising administrative head of local governments; community/village chiefs, NGOs/CBOs and other relevant Government organs that will be set-up to address complaints.

The grievance redress mechanism is designed with the objective of solving disputes at the earliest possible time, which will be in the interest of all parties concerned and therefore implicitly discourages referring such matters to the law courts for resolution that will otherwise take a considerably longer time. For this reason, handling grievances will begin with the State Project Management Unit and involve Local Government. A grievance log will be established by the project and copies of the records kept with all the relevant authorities. A review of grievances will be conducted at least every three months during implementation in order to detect and correct systemic problems.

In addition, where displacement is unavoidable and displaced people are dissatisfied with the compensation and rehabilitation offered, The PIU will establish an informal forum for the presentation and consideration of individual appeals after the administrative route has been exhausted. The informal forum will include local government, and other concerned responsible parties, as deemed appropriate. The existence, location, purpose and composition of this forum will be publicized, so that displaced persons are knowledgeable about the availability of this forum for resolving any grievance. If a grievance cannot be resolved in these informal venues, the complainant may take recourse to the administrative and legal systems for satisfaction.

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GRM Implementing Team Complainant report (Oral or written) (Bthe AUCHI NUWSRP3

Safeguards Unit)

Case passed to Site/Community GRC in 10 Level days Community GRC

If case passed to GRC in 15 days

Bauchi NUWSRP3

Arbitration SPIU case passed to GRC in 15 days Bauchi Citizen’s Center Collaborating Institution Level

Law Court

Funding of GRM Process

Figure 8: Flow Chart Depiction of Bauchi NUWSRP3 GRM Process

7.5 Grievance Log The Project Liaison officer will ensure that each complaint has an individual reference number, and is appropriately tracked and recorded actions are completed. The log also contains a record of the person responsible for an individual complaint, and records dates for the following events: • Date the complaint was reported. • Date the Grievance Log was uploaded onto the project database. • Date the information on proposed corrective action sent to complaint. • The date the complaint was closed out. • Date response was sent to complainant.

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CHAPTER Eight: Stakeholder Consultations

8.1 Introduction Stakeholder participation during project planning, design and implementation is widely recognized as an integral part of environmental and social management for projects. It is a two-way flow of information and dialogue between project proponents and stakeholders, which are specifically aimed at developing ideas that can help shape project design, resolve conflicts at an early stage, assist in implementing solutions and monitor ongoing activities.

8.2 Objectives of Consultation

The main objective of the consultations with stakeholders is to discuss the proposed project’s environmental and social implications and to identify alternatives for consideration. Specifically, the consultations seek to achieve the following objectives:

• To provide some information about the proposed project; • To provide opportunities for stakeholders to discuss their concerns and offer recommendations; • To gain insight on the role of each stakeholder in the implementation of the environmental and social safeguards as well as structures in place for the management of the proposed reservoir rehabilitation work; • To provide and discuss with stakeholders the alternatives considered to reduce anticipated impacts; • To identify and verify significance of environmental, social and health impacts; and • To inform the process of developing appropriate mitigation and management options.

8.3 Stakeholder Consultation Strategy and Plan

Stakeholder consultation is a process and would continue through the ESMP study stages through to its implementation. Table 27 summarizes the proposed approach for stakeholder engagement.

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Table 27: Stakeholder engagement programme No. Activity Identified Stakeholders Focus of Consultation/ Timelines/ Forms of communication Facilitator Engagement Frequency 1. Preparation of • State Project Throughout • Focus Group Bauchi ESMP/ Project Coordinating Unit Large scale forum the ESMP study Discussion/workshops NUWSRP3 design • Federal Ministry of Key stakeholders interviews period • Phone calls Environment Mapping of community interests and • One on one • State Ministry of concerns interview Environment Communities need to know what the • Distribution of • Community and project is all about. pamphlets Community Based • Public meetings Organisations • Newspapers/magazi • FMF nes • World Bank 2. Site preparation • SPIU • Information Disclosure at Two weeks • Through Radio and Bauchi prior to • Contractor Federal Ministry of prior to Newspapers NUWSRP3 excavation, • Supervising Engineers Environment, State Ministry of construction Federal construction & • Consultant Environment and Local Ministry of pipe laying work • FME Government level. Environment 3. Start of • SPIU • Affected Communities Throughout • Phone calls Bauchi excavation, • Contractors • Government Officials the • Newspapers NUWSRP3 construction & • Supervising Engineers • World Bank construction • Radios FMF pipe laying work • Consultant period • Pamphlets WORLD BANK • Suppliers • One on One • Businessmen • NGOs/vulnerable groups • Communities 4. End of • SPIU • Government Officials Decommissioni • Phone calls Government excavation, • Government Officials • Affected Communities ng phase • Televisions Officials construction & • Affected Communities • Radios Bauchi pipe laying work / • World Bank • Newspapers NUWSRP3 Decommissioning • Emails of construction • Pamphlets equipment and machinery 5. Commissioning • Government Officials • Government Officials Prior to • Newspapers Bauchi and handing over • SPIU • Benefitting Communities operation of • Television NUWSRP3 • Beneficiary • the facility • Radio Communities

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No. Activity Identified Stakeholders Focus of Consultation/ Timelines/ Forms of communication Facilitator Engagement Frequency 6. Operation and • Beneficiary • Beneficiary Communities During • One on one Bauchi maintenance of Communities operation and • Workshops/FGD NUWSRP3 facility maintenance • Television period • Radio • Bauchi NUWSRP3 • Beneficiary Communities 3 times a week • Visits Bauchi • Bauchi NUWSRP3 • Beneficiary Communities Fortnightly • Visits NUWSRP3 • Government Officials • Beneficiary Communities 3 times a week • Visits • Other Communities • Beneficiary communities 3 times a week • Visits • NGOs/CBOs • Beneficiary Communities Once a term • Visits • World Bank • Beneficiary communities Once a term • Visits Bauchi NUWSRP3

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8.4 Stakeholders Consulted Key stakeholders to the Bauchi NUWSRP3 project were identified for consultations and these included the State Ministry of Water Resources, Federal Ministry of Environment, State Ministry of Environment, Bauchi State Urban Planning Development Board, Bauchi State Environmental Protection Agency, Gubi Conventional Water Treatment Plant, local communities, and their representatives and local government institutions.

The Consultation meetings with the stakeholders were carried out to gather information, comments and concerns on the proposed project with respect to the potential environmental and social issues and impacts. The approach adopted for the stakeholder consultations involved Key Informant Interviews and focus group discussions. The stakeholders consulted during the ESMP study are: • Project proponents: o SPIU o Federal Ministry of Environment o Bauchi State Ministry of Environment & Forestry o Bauchi State Ministry of Water Resources o Bauchi State Urban Planning Development Board o Bauchi State Environmental Protection Agency • Local Communities were also visited & consulted • Women Groups – Some of them include; FAHIMTA, MIYETTI Allah, FOMWAN, RAHAMA Women Development

8.5 Outcome of Stakeholder Consultations carried out during ESMP Preparation Site visits and consultation meetings were carried out with all the heads of communities within the Firo & Bauchi metropolis. Consultations, through Key Informant Interviews (KII) were held in many of the village community where the sub project is located. Pictures of consultation meetings are shown in Figure 8.

A summary of the outcome of the stakeholder consultations is also provided in Table 28 - 32.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 85 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Stakeholder Meetings

Consultants with NUWSRP3 safeguard officers Consultants with NUWSRP3 safeguard & Officials of Bauchi State Env. Protection officers & Officials of Zonal office of Federal Board Ministry of Env.

Consultants with Perm Sec & EIA Director, Stakeholder forum with community heads State Ministry of Env. held at Bauchi NUWSRP3 conference hall

Consultation Meetings with Village head of Tun Community (near Gubi Dam Consultation meetings with Village head of conventional transmission pipelines) Firo Community (near Gubi Dam)

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 86 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Women stakeholders meeting Women groups in consultation

Meeting with stakeholders/community heads Stakeholders Meeting Figure 8. Pictures of Consultation Meetings

The formal consultation meetings enabled proper discussions on the type of project and also address expectations from the communities. The village heads, community elders & community representatives attended the meetings. The reception at the different locations was friendly and deliberations were held primarily in Hausa. Tables 28, 29, 30, 31 and 32 summarized issues raised during public consultation and other stakeholder meetings.

Table 28: Public Consultation Table Item Description

Name of Areas where interviews were Heads of communities (Hakimai, Dagatai and Mai- conducted angwas), elders & community representatives

Persons in attendance 60 Date December 15, 2018

Language of communication HAUSA & English Summary of Matters Discussed at Meetings

Opening Remarks The purpose of the meeting was introduced to the stakeholders and community representatives at the consultation meeting, where the Bauchi NUWSRP3 communications officer explained the purpose of the ESMP in the project intervention.

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Stakeholder views/concerns How they were addressed Remarks

The community representatives all The Bauchi NUWSRP3 The community expressed appreciation for the project safeguard team thanked the representatives were and sought clarification on the people in attendance and pleased with the following: stated the following: intervention work a) Labour influx can be checked by a. They assure the forum that and stated that it promoting the engagement of their all the issues raised would be would be of great youth in project activities for included in the ESMP report to benefit to the employment. guide the process. Issues people. b) Political interference with ethnic or regarding labour hiring would religious undertones for projects be handled in conjunction Generally the thereby leading to project with contractor & village consultations abandonment. heads. process was a c) Level of involvement of community b. The consultations would be success. Also every leaders in project development and an on-going process question and implementation processes. throughout the entire life-cycle concern raised by d) The project should distinct itself from of the project the communities other failed interventions carried out c. These consultations would was clearly by other organizations. encourage involvement of responded to by the community in implementation BAUCHI NUWSRP3 of project. team. d) ESMP would implementation process addresses All concerns are to environmental & social issues be communicated and is aimed at ensuring to project implementation is all implementation encompassing & when management for finalized would be provided to consideration. the communities for them to participate and ensure it covers areas discussed and is of benefit to community

Table 29: Stakeholder Consultations Table 2 Item Description

Name of Areas where interviews were Bauchi State Ministry of Environment conducted In attendance Permanent Secretary Director Persons in attendance 8 Date January 15, 2019

Language of communication HAUSA & English Summary of Matters Discussed at Meetings

Opening Remarks The purpose of the meeting was introduced to the stakeholders and community representatives at the consultation meeting, where the Bauchi NUWSRP3 communications officer explained the purpose of the ESMP in the project intervention.

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Stakeholder views/concerns How they were addressed Remarks

The senior officials of the ministry of The Bauchi NUWSRP3 Generally the environment responded by stating the safeguard team and consultation process was following: consultants gave appreciation a success as the officials a. The Bauchi NUWSRP3 to the support that has been of the ministry have safeguards team was pledged by the State Ministry earlier stated that they commended for carrying the of Environment. aware of the project and ministry of environment along are abreast of the in the planning process for the Assurance was offered that progress, so far. sub-projects. these consultations would be an on-going process through b. They promised to give all the out the entire life cycle of the necessary support in the project and would provide an preparation of the ESMP and avenue for the strengthening in ensuring the sub-projects in of the synergy existing view are a success. between both institutions.

c. The ministry of environment pledged to assist in strengthening the synergy with the project to ensure all goals are achieved.

d. Promised to provide the documentation requested by the consultants such as enabling laws, regulations & guidelines that ministry uses to pursue its mandate.

Table 30: Stakeholder Consultations Table 3 Item Description

Name of Areas where interviews were Bauchi State Field Office of the Federal Ministry of conducted Environment

In attendance Assistant Controller Persons in attendance 8 Date January 15, 2019

Language of communication HAUSA & English Summary of Matters Discussed at Meetings

Opening Remarks The purpose of the meeting was introduced to the stakeholders and community representatives at the consultation meeting, where the Bauchi NUWSRP3 communications officer explained the purpose of the ESMP in the project intervention. Stakeholder views/concerns How they were addressed Remarks

The senior officials of the ministry of The Bauchi NUWSRP3 Generally the environment responded by stating the safeguard team and consultation process was following: consultants gave appreciation a success as the officials a. The assistant controller to the support that has been of the ministry have

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 89 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

promised to give all the pledged by the field office of earlier stated that they necessary support in the the Federal Ministry of aware of the project and preparation of the ESMP and Environment. are abreast of the in ensuring the sub-projects in progress, so far. view are a success.

b. The controller pledged on behalf of the field office of the Federal ministry of environment to assist in strengthening the synergy with the NUWSRP3 on the ESMP to ensure all goals are achieved.

Table 31: Stakeholder Consultations Table 4 Item Description

Name of Areas where interviews were Bauchi State Urban Planning & Development Board conducted In attendance Managing Director Director Persons in attendance 6 Date January 15, 2019

Language of communication HAUSA & English Summary of Matters Discussed at Meetings

Opening Remarks The purpose of the meeting was introduced to the stakeholders and community representatives at the consultation meeting, where the Bauchi NUWSRP3 safeguards team explained the purpose of the ESMP in the project intervention. Stakeholder views/concerns How they were addressed Remarks

The senior officials of the urban The Bauchi NUWSRP3 Generally the planning development board safeguard team and consultation process was responded by stating the following: consultants responded by: a success as the officials a. They stated that the Bauchi a. Giving appreciation to the of the board have earlier NUWSRP3 has kept their institution pledge for continued stated that they are informed about progress of work support by the Board. aware of the project and and they have worked together are abreast of the for a while. b. The RAP consultant has progress, so far. taken into consideration all b. They stated that an exercise had the been carried out to enumerate persons/properties/assets the persons/properties along the that would be affected corridor that would be affected along the corridor and will by the water project in 2015 and be included in his report. submitted to the Govt. House but have awaited feedback since c. Assurance was offered then. that these consultations would be an on-going c. The board pledged to assist in process throughout the strengthening the synergy with the entire life cycle of the

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 90 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

project to ensure all goals are project and would provide achieved and promised to an avenue for the provide the documentation strengthening of the requested by the consultants such synergy existing between as enabling laws, regulations & both institutions. guidelines that ministry uses to pursue its mandate.

Table 32: Stakeholder Consultations Table 5 Item Description Name of Areas where Women CSOs (FOMWAN, WEIN, RAHAMA, DEC, FADAR interviews were conducted BAYAK, CIPHES, MIYETTI ALLAH, HAJARATU PISAGIH, FAHIMTA WOMEN, YOUTH GROUP, ORGANISER WOMEN), and Vulnerable Group Representatives. Persons in attendance 22 Date April 29th, 2019 Time 2:00pm- 4.30pm

Language of communication English & Hausa Summary of Matters Discussed at Meetings

Opening Remarks The purpose of the meeting was introduced to the women representatives from different communities at the consultation meeting, where the Bauchi NUWSRP3 safeguards officer explained the purpose of the ESMPs in the project intervention, and the Lead Consultant elaborated the need for the consultations.

The spoke person of the women (Mrs. Deborah Kogi) gave an opening remarks that they are very happy that they were consulted because women are the home builders, though they have been relegated to the background in time past on issues of development. Women need to be included in the decision making process where issues that concerns them are addressed and where they proportionately contribute.

Stakeholder views/concerns How they were addressed Recommendations

Past experiences A previous road The Bauchi NUWSRP3 • Need for Policies to keep project was constructed in safeguard team thanked children safe should be put in 2001(Tefawa Balewa Road) the people in attendance place although it was not a world bank and stated the following: • Sensitization should be carried project, claims of kidnapping of a. They assured the forum out for women and girls by children, and increase in crime rate that all the issues raised the CSOs in clusters as this was recorded from which they would be included in the would be more effective drew their experience. ESMP report to guide the • Men in the community should process. Issues regarding also be sensitized on the The women all expressed labour hiring would be benefit of the project and appreciation for the project but handled in conjunction with how it’s affects their family. As had some concerns on the contractor & village heads. low level of awareness leads following: b. The consultations would to limited knowledge, which be an on-going process in turn leads to irrational a) They need this project throughout the entire life- behaviour of the men.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 91 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

because currently their houses cycle of the project • Workers should be cautioned are not served and their wells c. These consultations would against inappropriate are drying up due to the encourage involvement of behaviour increase of sinking boreholes community in • Laws should not only be and the bore hole water is implementation of project. made but implemented contaminated d) ESMP process will help against offenders to serve as b) Most women are housewives address environmental & a deterrent with little or no funds thus they social issues and is aimed at • Priority should be given to have to depend on their ensuring implementation is extending employment husbands. Additionally, some all encompassing & when opportunities to women women would love to work finalized would be provided • There should be a reporting but because of religion they to the communities for them mechanism which should be cannot even work even if slot to participate and ensure it accessible and made open is given, until it’s approved by covers areas discussed and to all, to lay complains when the men who are the decision is of benefit to community the need arises makers. e) There would be a • Include better mitigation plan c) Their children even the boy grievance redress for labour influx management child can be harassed and mechanism in place • The project should actually lured into drugs and alcohol, put in place these measures since children are involved in to prevent the negative hawking. impacts of the project. d) Communicable diseases e.g. HIV/ Tuberculosis due to influx of workers, while their primary health care is not functional e) Fear of middle men diverting the compensation meant for the women f) Access road is yet to be known for vulnerable women during the time of the project, as this may disrupt their lifestyle g) The Environmental Agency of the state (BASEPA) BAUCHI STATE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY is not functional, and the state, which was once known for good hygiene, has declined in this capacity. Concerned about the health implications of the project. h) There are no systems in place to lay grievances in case of eventuality, as women are not allowed to speak out

8.6 Conclusion In keeping with these compliance requirements to World Bank policies & the provisions of the law on environmental assessment, this ESMP has identified and assessed key environmental and social impacts and concerns that may arise from the implementation of the proposed project.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 92 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Consultations with stakeholders, review of relevant literature, field inspections and studies underpinned the identification of the projects adverse environmental and social impacts. A monitoring programme has also been prepared to help detect changes arising from the predicted adverse impacts that have also been presented in this ESMP. The recommendations outlined in the ESMP for the project will ensure a high level of health, safety and environmental management for the proposed project.

The environmental and social management actions described above require detailed cost analysis after project development to determine the budget needed for implementation. It is estimated that an amount Fifteen Million and Five Hundred and Five Thousand Naira Only (N15,575,000.00), and the Dollar equivalent is Forty Three Thousand, Two Hundred and Sixty Three Dollars, Eighty Nine Cents Only ($43,263.43) will be required to implement the provisions of the ESMP for this intervention project.

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References

BAUCHI NUWSRP3 Project Approval Document (PAD).

Donahue, R.L and R.W. Miller (1990): An Introduction to Soils and Plant Growth

Environmental impact Assessment (EIA) Act No. 86 of 1992

FEPA (1991) Federal Environmental Protection Agency, Guidelines and Standards for Environmental Pollution Control in Nigeria. 238 pp.

Hayward, D And Oguntoyibo, J 1987. Climatology of West Africa. Barens and Nobles, New Jersey, USA 271p.

Southard, J. (2006). 12.090 Introduction to Fluid Motions, Sediment Transport, and Current-Generated Sedimentary Structures, Course Textbook. In MIT Open Courseware: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved from http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/earth-atmospheric-and-planetary- sciences/12-090-introduction-to-fluid-motions-sediment-transport-and- current-generated-sedimentary-structures-fall-2006

National Policy on the Environment (Revised) - 2016

National EIA Procedural Guideline - 1995

World Bank policies, World Bank website: www.worldbank.org

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 94 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Annex 1

List of Stakeholders Met During Study s/n Name Designation 1. Alhaji Ibrahim Hassan MD, Bauchi Urban Planning Dev. Board 2. Alhaji Adamu Jumba Bauchi metropolis District Head/CIROMA 3. Engr. Ibrahim Suleiman Plant Manager, Gubi Dam treatment plant 4. Alhaji /Engr Aminu Aliyu Gital Project Coordinator Bauchi NUWSRP3 5. Mr. Idris Bello Bauchi NUWSRP3 Environmental safeguards officer 6. Mr. Aliyu Bala Bauchi NUWSRP3 Social safeguards officer 7. Mr. Abdulmumin Mailafia Project Engr. Bauchi NUWSRP3 7. Muhammed Umar Maiunguwar Yankari Quarters Community Head 9. Sulaiman Ahmad Bashir Dan’Iya Village 10. Salisu Zubairu Imkil Gombe Road Community 11. Patrick Aliyu Rafin Zurfi 12. Aminu Aliyu Sa’adu Wuntin-Dada Quarters Community 13. Sirajo Yusuf Muhammed Buhari Quarters 14. Abdullahi Yusuf Limanci Unguwar Yakubun 15. Ahmed Muhamadu Baba Guru Community 16. Yusuf Munkaila Telwan Makaranta 17. Murtala Ibrahim Yelwan Makaranta 17. Alhaji Saleh Idris Ajiya Ibrahim Bako Housing estate community 19. Ja’afar Adamu Nagoggo Raji Quarters 20. Dalami Danladi Lushi Community 21. Sanusi Muhammed Sani Gwallameri Community 22. Musa Abubakar Danladi Wurbin Dada 23. Danlazumi Abdullahi T. Federal Low Cost 24. Lawal Ibn-maja Fadan Bayak 25. Abubakar Nuhu Dawako 26. Idris Garba Aliyu Bacas/Daniya 27. Nurudeen Yusuf Mailittafa Dr. Sulaiman Adamu Quarters 27. Alhaji Abdullahi Dada Chimadi Director, Bauchi Min of Env. 29. Mr. Suleiman Sanni Snr. Env. Officer – Bauchi Min of Env. 30. Permanent Secretary Bauchi Ministry of Env. 31. Mr. Daniel Kyeu Asst. Controller, Bauchi Zonal Office, Federal Ministry of Env. 32. Alhaji Abubakar Ahmadu Ag. Perm Sec, Bauchi Ministry of Water Maidala Resources

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Annex 2

Summary of World Bank Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies

• Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01). Outlines Bank policy and procedure for the environmental assessment of Bank lending operations. The Bank undertakes environmental screening of each proposed project to determine the appropriate extent and type of EA process.

• Natural Habitats (OP 4.04). The conservation of natural habitats, like other measures that protect and enhance the environment, is essential for long-term sustainable development. The Bank does not support projects involving the significant conversion of natural habitats unless there are no feasible alternatives for the project and its siting, and comprehensive analysis demonstrates that overall benefits from the project substantially outweigh the environmental costs. If the environmental assessment indicates that a project would significantly convert or degrade natural habitats, the project includes mitigation measures acceptable to the Bank. Such mitigation measures include, as appropriate, minimizing habitat loss (e.g. strategic habitat retention and post-development restoration) and establishing and maintaining an ecologically similar protected area. The Bank accepts other forms of mitigation measures only when they are technically justified. Should the sub-project-specific EMPs indicate that natural habitats might be affected negatively by the proposed sub-project activities with suitable mitigation measures

• Pest Management (OP 4.09). The policy supports safe, affective, and environmentally sound pest management. It promotes the use of biological and environmental control methods. An assessment is made of the capacity of the country’s regulatory framework and institutions to promote and support safe, effective, and environmentally sound pest management.

• Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12). This policy covers direct economic and social impacts that both result from Bank-assisted investment projects, and are caused by (a) the involuntary taking of land resulting in (i) relocation or loss of shelter; (ii) loss of assets or access to assets, or (iii) loss of income sources or means of livelihood, whether or not the affected persons must move to another location; or (b) the involuntary restriction of access to legally designated parks and protected areas resulting in adverse impacts on the livelihoods of the displaced persons. The ESMF and RPF reports discuss the applicability of this policy in detail.

• Indigenous Peoples (OP 4.10). This directive provides guidance to ensure that indigenous peoples benefit from development projects, and to avoid or mitigate adverse effects of Bank-financed development projects on indigenous peoples. Measures to address issues pertaining to indigenous peoples must be based on the informed participation of the indigenous people themselves.

• Forests (OP 4.36). This policy applies to the following types of Bank-financed investment projects: (a) projects that have or may have impacts on the health and quality of forests; (b) projects that affect the rights and welfare of people and their level of dependence upon or interaction with forests; and (c) projects that aim to bring about changes in the management, protection, or utilization of natural forests or plantations, whether they are publicly, privately, or communally owned. The Bank does not finance projects that, in its opinion, would involve significant conversion or degradation of critical forest areas or related critical habitats. If a project involves the significant conversion or degradation of natural forests or related natural habitats that the Bank determines are not critical, and the Bank determines that there are no feasible alternatives to the project and its siting, and comprehensive analysis demonstrates that overall benefits from the project substantially outweigh the environmental costs, the Bank may finance the project provided that it incorporates appropriate mitigation measures.

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Physical Cultural Resources (OP. 4.11) This policy addresses physical cultural resources,1 which are defined as movable or immovable objects, sites, structures, groups of structures, and natural features and landscapes that have archaeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, religious, aesthetic, or other cultural significance. Physical cultural resources may be located in urban or rural settings, and may be above or below ground, or under water. Their cultural interest may be at the local, provincial or national level, or within the international community. Physical cultural resources are important as sources of valuable scientific and historical information, as assets for economic and social development, and as integral parts of a people’s cultural identity and practices.

• Safety of Dams (OP 4.37). For the life of any dam, the owner is responsible for ensuring that appropriate measures are taken and sufficient resources provided for the safety to the dam, irrespective of its funding sources or construction status. The Bank distinguishes between small and large dams. Small dams are normally less than 15 m in height; this category includes, for example, farm ponds, local silt retention dams, and low embankment tanks. For small dams, generic dam safety measures designed by qualified engineers are usually adequate.

• Projects on International Waterways (O 7.50). The Bank recognizes that the cooperation and good will of riparians is essential for the efficient utilization and protection of international waterways and attaches great importance to riparians making appropriate agreements or arrangement for the entire waterway or any part thereof. Projects that trigger this policy include hydroelectric, irrigation, flood control, navigation, drainage, water and sewerage, industrial, and similar projects that involve the use or potential pollution of international waterways.

• Disputed Areas (OP/BP/GP 7.60). Project in disputed areas may occur the Bank and its member countries as well as between the borrower and one or more neighboring countries. Any dispute over an area in which a proposed project is located requires formal procedures at the earliest possible stage. The Bank attempts to acquire assurance that it may proceed with a project in a disputed area if the governments concerned agree that, pending the settlement of the dispute, the project proposed can go forward without prejudice to the claims of the country having a dispute. This policy is not expected to be triggered by sub-projects.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 98 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Annex 3

General Environnemental Management Conditions For Construction Contracts General 1. In addition to these general conditions, the Contractor shall comply with any specific Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the works he is responsible for. The Contractor shall inform himself about such an EMP, and prepare his work strategy and plan to fully take into account relevant provisions of that EMP. If the Contractor fails to implement the approved EMP after written instruction by the Supervising Engineer (SE) to fulfill his obligation within the requested time, the Owner reserves the right to arrange through the SE for execution of the missing action by a third party on account of the Contractor.

2. Notwithstanding the Contractor’s obligation under the above clause, the Contractor shall implement all measures necessary to avoid undesirable adverse environmental and social impacts wherever possible, restore work sites to acceptable standards, and abide by any environmental performance requirements specified in an EMP. In general these measures shall include but not be limited to:

(a) Minimize the effect of dust on the surrounding environment resulting from earth mixing sites, asphalt mixing sites, dispersing coal ashes, vibrating equipment, temporary access roads, etc. to ensure safety, health and the protection of workers and communities living in the vicinity dust producing activities. (b) Ensure that noise levels emanating from machinery, vehicles and noisy construction activities (e.g. excavation, blasting) are kept at a minimum for the safety, health and protection of workers within the vicinity of high noise levels and nearby communities. (c) Ensure that existing water flow regimes in rivers, streams and other natural or irrigation channels is maintained and/or re-established where they are disrupted due to works being carried out.

(d) Prevent bitumen, oils, lubricants and waste water used or produced during the execution of works from entering into rivers, streams, irrigation channels and other natural water bodies/reservoirs, and also ensure that stagnant water in uncovered borrow pits is treated in the best way to avoid creating possible breeding grounds for mosquitoes. (e) Prevent and minimize the impacts of quarrying, earth borrowing, piling and building of temporary construction camps and access roads on the biophysical environment including protected areas and arable lands; local communities and their settlements. In as much as possible restore/rehabilitate all sites to acceptable standards. (f) Upon discovery of ancient heritage, relics or anything that might or believed to be of archaeological or historical importance during the execution of works, immediately report such findings to the SE so that the appropriate authorities may be expeditiously contacted for fulfilment of the measures aimed at protecting such historical or archaeological resources. (g) Discourage construction workers from engaging in the exploitation of natural resources such as hunting, fishing, collection of forest products or any other activity that might have a negative impact on the social and economic welfare of the local communities. (h) Implement soil erosion control measures in order to avoid surface run off and prevents siltation, etc. (i) Ensure that garbage, sanitation and drinking water facilities are provided in construction

workers camps.

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(j) Ensure that, in as much as possible, local materials are used to avoid importation of foreign material and long distance transportation. (k) Ensure public safety, and meet traffic safety requirements for the operation of work to avoid accidents. 3. The Contractor shall indicate the period within which he/she shall maintain status on site after completion of civil works to ensure that significant adverse impacts arising from such works have been appropriately addressed. 4. The Contractor shall adhere to the proposed activity implementation schedule and the monitoring plan / strategy to ensure effective feedback of monitoring information to project management so that impact management can be implemented properly, and if necessary, adapt to changing and unforeseen conditions. 5. Besides the regular inspection of the sites by the SE for adherence to the contract conditions and specifications, the Owner may appoint an Inspector to oversee the compliance with these environmental conditions and any proposed mitigation measures. State environmental authorities may carry out similar inspection duties. In all cases, as directed by the SE, the Contractor shall comply with directives from such inspectors to implement measures required to ensure the adequacy rehabilitation measures carried out on the bio-physical environment and compensation for socio- economic disruption resulting from implementation of any works. Worksite/Campsite Waste Management 6. All vessels (drums, containers, bags, etc.) containing oil/fuel/surfacing materials and other hazardous chemicals shall be bonded in order to contain spillage. All waste containers, litter and any other waste generated during the construction shall be collected and disposed at designated disposal sites in line with applicable government waste management regulations. 7. All drainage and effluent from storage areas, workshops and camp sites shall be captured and treated before being discharged into the drainage system in line with applicable government water pollution control regulations. 7. Used oil from maintenance shall be collected and disposed of appropriately at designated sites or be re-used or sold for re-use locally. 9. Entry of runoff to the site shall be restricted by constructing diversion channels or holding structures such as banks, drains, dams, etc. to reduce the potential of soil erosion and water pollution. 10. Construction waste shall not be left in stockpiles along the road, but removed and reused or disposed of on a daily basis. 11. If disposal sites for clean spoil are necessary, they shall be located in areas, approved by the SE, of low land use value and where they will not result in material being easily washed into drainage channels. Whenever possible, spoil materials should be placed in low-lying areas and should be compacted and planted with species indigenous to the locality.

Material Excavation and Deposit 12. The Contractor shall obtain appropriate licenses/permits from relevant authorities to operate quarries or borrow areas. 13. The location of quarries and borrow areas shall be subject to approval by relevant local and national authorities, including traditional authorities if the land on which the quarry or borrow areas fall in traditional land. 14. New extraction sites: a) Shall not be located in the vicinity of settlement areas, cultural sites, wetlands or any other valued ecosystem component, or on on high or steep ground or in areas of high scenic value, and shall not be located less than 1km from such areas. b) Shall not be located adjacent to stream channels wherever possible to avoid siltation of river channels. Where they are located near water sources, borrow pits and perimeter drains shall surround quarry sites.

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c) Shall not be located in archaeological areas. Excavations in the vicinity of such areas shall proceed with great care and shall be done in the presence of government authorities having a mandate for their protection. d) Shall not be located in forest reserves. However, where there are no other alternatives, permission shall be obtained from the appropriate authorities and an environmental impact study shall be conducted. e) Shall be easily rehabilitated. Areas with minimal vegetation cover such as flat and bare ground, or areas covered with grass only or covered with shrubs less than 1.5m in height, are preferred. f) Shall have clearly demarcated and marked boundaries to minimize vegetation clearing. 15. Vegetation clearing shall be restricted to the area required for safe operation of construction work. Vegetation clearing shall not be done more than two months in advance of operations. 16. Stockpile areas shall be located in areas where trees can act as buffers to prevent dust pollution. Perimeter drains shall be built around stockpile areas. Sediment and other pollutant traps shall be located at drainage exits from workings. 17. The Contractor shall deposit any excess material in accordance with the principles of the general conditions, and any applicable EMP, in areas approved by local authorities and/or the SE. 17. Areas for depositing hazardous materials such as contaminated liquid and solid materials shall be approved by the SE and appropriate local and/or national authorities before the commencement of work. Use of existing, approved sites shall be preferred over the establishment of new sites. Rehabilitation and Soil Erosion Prevention 19. To the extent practicable, the Contractor shall rehabilitate the site progressively so that the rate of rehabilitation is similar to the rate of construction. 20. Always remove and retain topsoil for subsequent rehabilitation. Soils shall not be stripped when they are wet as this can lead to soil compaction and loss of structure. 21. Topsoil shall not be stored in large heaps. Low mounds of no more than 1 to 2m high are recommended. 22. Re-vegetate stockpiles to protect the soil from erosion, discourage weeds and maintain an active population of beneficial soil microbes. 23. Locate stockpiles where they will not be disturbed by future construction activities. 24. To the extent practicable, reinstate natural drainage patterns where they have been altered or impaired. 25. Remove toxic materials and dispose of them in designated sites. Backfill excavated areas with soils or overburden that is free of foreign material that could pollute groundwater and soil. 26. Identify potentially toxic overburden and screen with suitable material to prevent mobilization of toxins. 27. Ensure reshaped land is formed so as to be inherently stable, adequately drained and suitable for the desired long-term land use, and allow natural regeneration of vegetation. 27. Minimize the long-term visual impact by creating landforms that are compatible with the adjacent landscape. 29. Minimize erosion by wind and water both during and after the process of reinstatement. 30. Compacted surfaces shall be deep ripped to relieve compaction unless subsurface conditions dictate otherwise. 31. Re-vegetate with plant species that will control erosion, provide vegetative diversity and, through succession, contribute to a resilient ecosystem. The choice of plant species for rehabilitation shall be done in consultation with local research institutions, forest department and the local people. Water Resources Management 32. The Contractor shall at all costs avoid conflicting with water demands of local communities. 33. Abstraction of both surface and underground water shall only be done with the consultation of the local community and after obtaining a permit from the relevant Water Authority.34.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 101 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Abstraction of water from wetlands shall be avoided. Where necessary, authority has to be obtained from relevant authorities. 35. Temporary damming of streams and rivers shall be done in such a way avoids disrupting water supplies to communities downstream, and maintains the ecological balance of the river system. 36. No construction water containing spoils or site effluent, especially cement and oil, shall be allowed to flow into natural water drainage courses. 37. Wash water from washing out of equipment shall not be discharged into water courses or road drains. 37. Site spoils and temporary stockpiles shall be located away from the drainage system, and surface run off shall be directed away from stockpiles to prevent erosion. Traffic Management 39. Location of access roads/detours shall be done in consultation with the local community especially in important or sensitive environments. Access roads shall not traverse wetland areas. 40. Upon the completion of civil works, all access roads shall be ripped and rehabilitated. 41. Access roads shall be sprinkled with water at least five times a day in settled areas, and three times in unsettled areas, to suppress dust emissions. Blasting 42. Blasting activities shall not take place less than 2km from settlement areas, cultural sites, or wetlands without the permission of the SE. 43. Blasting activities shall be done during working hours, and local communities shall be consulted on the proposed blasting times. 44. Noise levels reaching the communities from blasting activities shall not exceed 90 decibels. Disposal of Unusable Elements 45. Unusable materials and construction elements such as electro-mechanical equipment, pipes, accessories and demolished structures will be disposed of in a manner approved by the SE. The Contractor has to agree with the SE which elements are to be surrendered to the Client’s premises, which will be recycled or reused, and which will be disposed of at approved landfill sites. 46. As far as possible, abandoned pipelines shall remain in place. Where for any reason no alternative alignment for the new pipeline is possible, the old pipes shall be safely removed and stored at a safe place to be agreed upon with the SE and the local authorities concerned. 47. AC-pipes as well as broken parts thereof have to be treated as hazardous material and disposed of as specified above. 47. Unsuitable and demolished elements shall be dismantled to a size fitting on ordinary trucks for transport. Health and Safety 49. In advance of the construction work, the Contractor shall mount an awareness and hygiene campaign. Workers and local residents shall be sensitized on health risks particularly of Cholera, tetanus and Hepatitis. 50. Adequate road signs to warn pedestrians and motorists of construction activities, diversions, etc. shall be provided at appropriate points. 51. Construction vehicles shall not exceed maximum speed limit of 40km per hour.

Repair of Private Property 52. Should the Contractor, deliberately or accidentally, damage private property, he shall repair the property to the owner’s satisfaction and at his own cost. For each repair, the Contractor shall obtain from the owner a certificate that the damage has been made good satisfactorily in order to indemnify the Client from subsequent claims. 53. In cases where compensation for inconveniences, damage of crops etc. are claimed by the owner, the Client has to be informed by the Contractor through the SE. This compensation is in general settled under the responsibility of the Client before signing the Contract. In unforeseeable cases, the respective administrative entities of the Client will take care of compensation.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 102 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Annex 4: References

Terms of Reference

BAUCHI STATE GOVERNMENT BAUCHI STATE WATER AND SEWERAGE CORPORATION THIRD NATIONAL URBAN WATER SECTOR REFORM PROJECT (NUWSRP3)-BAUCHI STATE

TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR)

FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP)

FOR THE • LAYING OF 7,967.31m OF 500mm TRANSMISSION MAINS FROM GUBI DAM JUNCTION TO BUZAYE HILL RESERVOIR,

• LAYING OF 12,081.23m OF 1000/900mm TRANSMISSION MAINS FROM GUBI DAM CONVENTIONAL WATER TREATMENT PLANT TO WARINJE HILL RESERVOIR,

• EXPANSION OF GUBI DAM CONVENTIONAL WATER TREATMENT PLANT TO INCREASE ITS CAPACITY TO 75,000m3 PER DAY,

• EXTENSION OF 100KM PIPE NETWORKS WITHIN BAUCHI METROPOLIS,

• AND REHABILITATION OF 22,000m3 CONCRETE RESERVOIR AT WARINJE HILL

SEPTEMBER, 2018

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 103 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

1.0 Background

1.1 The Federal Government of Nigeria secured financing from the World Bank toward the cost of the Third National Urban Water Sector Reform Project (NUWSRP3) to rehabilitate and build infrastructure needed to increase access to water supply services to populations in selected cities and urban centres in Bauchi, Ekiti, and Rivers States, including the urban poor, and to implement key sector reforms to ensure sustainability of operations of the water services. The Bauchi State Government is one of the beneficiaries of this credit facility. The Project Development Objectives are: a) to increase access to improved water supply service in Selected States of Nigeria and improve the financial viability of existing water utilities in those States, and b) to increase the investment planning capacity of participating States. Bauchi State Government intends to apply part of the proceeds for the Consultancy Service for the Preparation of Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for the Expansion of the 45,500 m3/day Conventional Water Treatment Plants to 75000 m3 per day, Laying of 1000/900mm Pumping Mains from the Conventional Water Treatment Plant to Warinje Hill Reservoir, the laying of 7,967.31m of 500mm transmission mains from Gubi dam junction to Buzaye hill reservoir, Extension Of 100km Pipe Networks Within Bauchi Metropolis, and Rehabilitation Of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir At Warinje Hill. As part of the NUWSRP3 the Project will provide financing to rehabilitate and build infrastructure needed to increase access to water supply services to population in Bauchi metropolis.

1.2. The rehabilitation activities involve light civil works, refurbishment or replacement of electro-mechanicals equipment such as large pumps; chemical feeds and electrical control panels. Others are large pump electric motors, overhauling of power transformers as well as supplies and installation of flow meters and sundry items. Activities included in the laying of pipelines and rehabilitation of the existing concrete tank are excavation, laying and backfilling for pipelines, including removal of damaged portion and replacing same and construction of manholes among others. An ESMP is therefore required for pre-construction, during construction and post construction for environmental and social impacts which could trigger the World Bank’s Safeguard Policies including Environmental Assessment OP 4.01; Involuntary Resettlement OP4.12; and Public Disclosure OP 17.60. The maintenance and repair contract works shall be governed by a construction contract containing comprehensive specifications for ensuring public safety and routine environmental protection. Most relevant are the use of the environmental and safety at all times of the constructions works The environmental and social safeguards concerns are being addressed through the National instrument already prepared under the Project: Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF). This framework instrument needs to be translated into specific cost, measurable, and could be monitored actions for specific intervention sites through the preparation of site-specific management and action plans.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 104 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

The proposed ESMP is to provide an overview of the environmental and social baseline conditions of the proposed sub-projects, summarize the potential impacts associated with the proposed rehabilitation and improvement works and set out the management measures required to mitigate any potential impacts in a series of sector specific Environmental Management Plans (EMPs). These ESMPs are to be utilized by the contractors, to be commissioned by the Project for the sub-projects, and will form the basis of site-specific management plans that will be prepared by the contractors as part of their construction methodology prior to works commencing. As the proponent for the sub-projects, it is Project’s objective to avoid, where practical, unacceptable adverse environmental, social and/or economic impacts. In the circumstance that an impact cannot be avoided, BSWSC and Project are committed to the implementation of appropriate mitigation measures, monitoring and enforcement of activities associated with this ESMP and environmental and health and safety performance. 1.3 Consequently, and in line with the above, the Project wishes to engage the services of a consultant to: (a) Prepare the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMPs). 2.0 Objective The Consultant shall be required to screen the following sub activities for environmental and social impact and prepare the resultant ESMP for the planned works • Expansion of Gubi Dam Conventional Water Treatment Plant to increase its capacity to 75,000m3 per day for environmental and social impact and prepare the resultant ESMP for the planned works. • Laying of 7,967.31m of 500mm transmission mains from Gubi Dam Junction to Buzaye Hill Reservoir and to provide mitigation and enhancement measures during Construction, Commissioning and Operation of the project. • Laying of 12,081.23m of 1000/ 900 mm pumping mains from Gubi Dam Conventional Water Treatment Plant to Warinje Hill Reservoir and to provide mitigation and enhancement measures during Construction, Commissioning and Operation of the project. • Extension of 100Km Pipe Networks within Bauchi Metropolis for environmental and social impact and prepare the resultant ESMP for the planned works. • Rehabilitation works of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje hill.

Short summary of the Intervention routes: The coordinates of the routes of the pipelines are given in the attached data sheets. The preparation of the ESMP requires that an engineering design for the site is available. It is also strongly recommended that high resolution digital imagery be acquired for each of proposed site intervention. Engineering designs: detailed engineering designs for these five sites will be presented to the consultant on request.

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3.0 Scope of the Services The ESMP should consist of a well-documented set of mitigation measures, monitoring, and institutional actions to be taken before and during implementation to eliminate adverse environmental and social impacts, offset them, or reduce them to acceptable levels. It should also include the measures needed to implement these actions, addressing the adequacy of the monitoring and institutional arrangements at upstream and downstream in the intervention site. 3.1 The Specific tasks of the ESMPs shall include: - • Reviewing the existing PAD & ESMF of the NUWSRP 3 and all relevant safeguards documents;

• Review Environmental Assessment procedures of the J Bank safeguards policies especially Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01);

• Review measures required to implement contract related international best practices, and approval conditions stipulated by the World Bank Safeguard Standards, Nigeria’s Federal Ministry of Environment and National Environmental Safety Research Agency (NESREA) requirements;

• Review institutional arrangement and framework for environmental and social management plan implementation;

• Assess the potential environmental and social impacts related to proposed activities before and during the execution of the works and recommend adequate mitigation measures, including costs estimation;

• Gain a good understanding of the communities likely to be affected by the project by preparing a Community Profile which includes: (a) a thorough stakeholder analysis; (b) a discussion of the socio-political setting; (c) an assessment of the differing needs, interests, values and aspirations of the various subgroups of the affected communities including a gender analysis; (d) an assessment of their impact history, i.e. their experience of past projects and other historical events; (e) a discussion of trends happening in those communities; (f) a discussion of the assets, strengths and weaknesses of the communities; and (g) optionally the results of an opinion survey. This task is typically called profiling; • Devise inclusive participatory processes and deliberative spaces to help community members: (a) understand how they will be impacted; (b) determine the acceptability of likely impacts and proposed benefits; (c) make informed decisions about the project; (d) facilitate community visioning about desired futures; (e) contribute to mitigation and monitoring plans • Fully inform community members about: (a) the project; (b) similar projects elsewhere to give them a sense of how they are likely to be affected; (c) how

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they can be involved in the ESIA; (d) their access to grievance and feedback mechanisms. • Identify and assess the risk of labor influx and gender based Violence on the subproject as well as recommend mitigation measures managing the risks of adverse social and environmental impacts that are associated with the temporary influx of labor resulting from the sub project. • Developing an environmental and social monitoring program, including indicators, institutional responsibilities and associated costs. • As appropriate, preparing an environmental hazard plan including an analysis of the risk of accident, the identification of appropriate security measures and the development of a preliminary contingency plan. • Identifying institutional responsibilities and needs for capacity building if necessary to implement the recommendations of the environmental and social assessment. • Developing an environmental and social monitoring program, including indicators, institutional responsibilities and associated costs. • As appropriate, preparing an environmental hazard plan including an analysis of the risk of accident, the identification of appropriate security measures and the development of a preliminary contingency plan. • Identifying institutional responsibilities and needs for capacity building if necessary to implement the recommendations of the environmental and social assessment. • Identify responsibilities and actors for the implementation of proposed mitigation measures

• Defining the oversights roles of the Supervising Consultant to include on the implementation of the ESMP and other Safeguards Instruments including HIV/AIDS awareness implementation, labor and other contractual obligations

• Assess the capacity available to implement the proposed mitigation measures, and suggest recommendation in terms of training and capacity building, and estimate their costs; and

• Develop an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for the activities during the pre-construction, construction, operation/maintenance and decommissioning stages/phases. The ESMP should contain: -

✓ the potential environmental and social impacts resulting from rehabilitation activities ✓ the proposed mitigation measures; ✓ the institutional responsibilities for implementation; ✓ the monitoring indicators; ✓ the institutional responsibilities for monitoring and implementation of mitigation measures; ✓ the costs of mitigation activities and

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 107 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

✓ The calendar of implementation. • Developing an environmental and social monitoring program, including indicators, institutional responsibilities and associated costs. • Identifying institutional responsibilities and needs for capacity building if necessary to implement the recommendations of the environmental and social assessment. • Consultations: The ESMP results and the proposed mitigation measures will be discussed with relevant stakeholders mainly involved in the rehabilitation activities. Recommendations from this consultation will be included in the final ESMP report. • The RAP for the Extension of 100km Pipeline to Satellites Areas within the Metropolis, laying of 7,967.31m of 500mm transmission mains from Gubi Dam Junction to Buzaye Hill Reservoir and Laying of 12,081.23m of 1000/ 900 mm pumping mains from Gubi Dam Conventional Water Treatment Plant to Warinje Hill Reservoir shall be a standalone Report and prepared according to the generic contents presented in another TOR by the Social Safeguards Specialist • The Consultant shall be expected to work in close collaboration with the consultant for RAP.

3.2 ESMP Report Structures The ESMP Report shall be presented in a concise format and should not be more than 40 pages containing all studies, processes, analyses, tests and recommendations for the proposed intervention. The report shall focus on the findings, conclusions and any recommended actions, supported by summaries of the data collected and citations for any references used. In addition each sub activity shall have its separate ESMP Report. The ESMP report will be organized to include the following topics: - Preliminary pages Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Project Description Chapter 3: Policy and Regulatory Framework Chapter 4: Description of the Baseline Environment Chapter 5: Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Chapter 6: Consultation with Stakeholders Chapter 7: Summary and Recommendations

3.3 Annexes Annex 1: List of stakeholders met Annex 2: Summary of World Bank Safeguard Policies Annex 3: General Environmental Management Conditions for Constructions/Civil Works. Annex 4: References • TOR

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 108 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

• Records of Consultations and list of Participants including pictures and questionnaire and grievance mechanism in place • Environmental and Social Safeguards Performance Monitoring checklist • Project Occupational Health and Safety Plan • Sample of Questionnaire • Protection of Cultural Properties if applicable. • Company Code of Conduct on Preventing Gender Based Violence and Violence Against Children • Manager’s Code of Conduct on Preventing Gender Based Violence and Violence Against Children • Individual Code of Conduct on Preventing Gender Based Violence and Violence Against Children

4.0 Type of Consultancy, Duration, Deliverables, Timing and Payment Schedule

This assignment will be carried out by an Individual Consultant (IC). The duration of the consultancy is 8 weeks (56 days) from the date of commencement. The deliverables, timing and payment schedule are given in the table below: - S/No. Deliverables Week Week Week Week Payment 2 6 7 8 1 Inception Report X 15% The inception report shall be submitted a week after submission of action plan /commencement of work. 2 Draft Report X 45%

3 Draft Final Reports X 20% 4 Final Report X 20% The final ESMP Reports will take into account all comments. 5 Number of copies of all Reports shall be ten (10) hard copies and two (2) electronic copies (CDs)

5.0 Qualification and Experience of the Consultant: The consultant should have: Experience with, and a professional/technical background appropriate for understanding both the environmental and social management implications of rehabilitation / intervention projects, especially in urban areas, infrastructural works and water resources, including their design, construction, operation and monitoring.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 109 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

At least five (5) years’ experience in practical safeguards, social and environmental management and HSE with demonstrated proficiency in the preparation, review, and approval of EAs/ESIAs/ESMPs to meet World Bank standards, and must have carried out at least two (2) successful ESMP. Excellent analytical, communication and writing skills. It is highly desirable that the consultant have experience with working with international development institutions like the World Bank, and on infrastructure related projects. 6.0 Estimated man day The estimated man days for the Environmental and Social Safeguards Specialist is 56.

7.0 Responsibilities of the Project In addition to the supervision and other responsibilities contained in the contract for this consultancy, the Project shall provide the consultant with the following: - • All relevant project instruments; • Project Appraisal Document; • Project Implementation Manual; • World Bank safeguards policies; • Intervention design ; • Access to relevant officials, groups and communities

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Annex 6

Environmental & Social Performance Monitoring Checklist

Checklist (subproject related issues) ISSUES None Minor/ Moderate/ High Mitigation Small medium measures A Zoning and land use Planning 1. Will the subproject affect land use zoning and planning or conflict with prevalent land use patterns? 2. Will the subproject involve significant land disturbance or site clearance? 3. Will the subproject land be subject to potential encroachment by urban or industrial use or located in an area intended for urban or industrial development? B. Utilities and facilities 4. Will the subproject require the setting up of ancillary facilities? 5. Will the subproject make significant demands on utilities and services? 6. Will the subproject require significant levels of accommodation or service amenities to support the workforce during construction (e.g., contractor will need more than 20 workers)? C Water and Soil Contamination 7. Will the subproject require large amounts of raw materials or construction materials? 7. Will the subproject generate large amounts of residual wastes, construction material waste or cause soil erosion?

9. Will the subproject result in potential soil or water contamination (e.g., from soil, grease and fuel from equipment yards)? 10. Will the subproject lead to contamination of ground and surface waters by herbicides for vegetation control and chemicals (e.g., calcium chloride) for dust control? 11. Will the subproject lead to an increase in suspended sediments in streams affected by road cut erosion decline in water quality and increased sedimentation downstream? 12. Will the subproject involve the use of chemicals or solvents? 13. Will the subproject lead to the destruction of vegetation and soil in the right-of-way, borrow pits, waste dump and equipment yards?

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14. Will the subproject lead to the creation of stagnant water bodies in borrow pits, quarries, etc, encouraging for mosquito breeding and other disease vectors? D Noise and Air Pollution Hazardous Substances 15 Will the subproject increase the levels harmful air emissions? 16 Will be subproject increase ambient noise levels? 17 Will be subproject involve the storage, handling or transport of hazardous substances? E Fauna and Flora 18 Will be subproject involve the disturbance or modification of existing drainage channels (rivers, canals) or surface water bodies (wetlands, marshes )? 19 Will the subproject lead to the destruction or damage of terrestrial or aquatic ecosystems or endangered species directly or by induced development 20. Will subproject lead to the disruption /destruction of wildlife through interruption of migratory route, disturbance of wildlife habitats, and noise –related problems? F Destruction /Disruption of Land and Vegetations 21 Will the subproject lead to unplanned use of the infrastructure being developed 22 Will the subproject lead to long term or semi permanent destruction 0f soil in cleared areas not suited for agriculture? 23 Will the subproject lead to the interruption of subsoil and overland drainage pattern (in areas of cuts and fills)? 24 Will the subproject leads to landslides, slumps, slips and other mass movements in roads cuts? 25 Will the subproject leads to erosion of lands below The World Banked receiving concentrated outflow carried by covered or open drains? 26 Will the subproject leads to long-term or semi-permanent destruction of soil cleared areas not suited for agriculture? 27 Will the subproject lead to health hazards and interference of plant growth adjacent to roads by dust raised and blown by vehicles? G Cultural property 28 Will the subproject have an impact on archaeological or historical sites, including historic urban areas? 29 Will the sub project have an impact on religious monument, structures and/or cemeteries? 30 Have chance finds procedures been

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prepared for use in subproject? H Expropriation and social disturbance 31 Will the project involve land expropriation or demolition of existing structures? 32 Will the subproject lead to induced settlements by workers and others causing social and economic disruption? 33 Will the subproject lead to environmental and social disturbance by construction camps?

• Sites Related Issues Issues yes No Don’t Mitigation Know Measure 1 Does the subproject require land acquisition? [Note: fill in the land acquisition form If YES] 2 Will the subproject negatively impact livelihoods [Note: Described separately if YES] 3 Is the subproject located in an area with designated natural reserves? 4 Is the subproject located in an area with unique natural features? 5 Is the subproject located in an area with endangered or conservation-worthy ecosystems, fauna or flora? 6 Is the subproject located in an area falling within 500 meters of national forest, protected area, wilderness areas, wetlands, biodiversity, critical habitat, or sites of historical or cultural importance? 7 Is the subproject located in an area which would barrier for the movement of conservation-worthy wildlife or livestock? 8 Is the subproject located close to groundwater source, surface water bodies, water courses or wetlands? 9 Is the subproject located in an area with designated cultural properties such as archaeological, historical, and religious sites? 10 Is the subproject located in an area with religious monuments, structures and/or cemeteries? 11 Is the subproject located in an area from where people have been displaced 12 Is the subproject located in an area where IDPs are temporarily settled? 13 Is the project in a politically sensitive area? 14 Is the subproject in a polluted or contaminated area? 15 Is the subproject located in an area of high visual and landscape quality? 16 Is the subproject located in an area susceptible to landslides or erosion? 17 Is the subproject located in an area of seismic faults? 18 Is the subproject located in a densely populated area? 19 Is the subproject located on prime agricultural land? 20 Is the subproject located in an area of tourist importance? 21 Is the subproject located near waste dump? 22 Does the project have access to portable water? 23 Is the subproject located far (1-2kms) from accessible roads? 24 Is the subproject located in an area with a waste water network? 25 Is the subproject located in the urban plan of the city? 26 Is the subproject located outside the land use plan?

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Annex 7

Project Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan (OHS-MP) Activity Description of Mitigation Measures Responsibilit Cost Impact y Pre-Construction Site clearing Occupational • Develop and implement a project Contractor 500,000 for staging accidents and specific Occupational Health and area injuries to Safety Plan (OHSP). OHSP to include workers and risk but not limited to: to community - Prohibition of drug and alcohol use Mobilisation health and by workers while on the job. of Machinery, safety - Provision of adequate first aid, first Plant & aiders, PPE, signages (English and Equipment Hausa languages). - Restriction of unauthorized access to all areas of high risk activities Operation of Occupational - Provision of specific personnel Contractor 750,000 Machinery & accidents and training on worksite OHS Equipment injuries to management workers and risk - Ensure that staging areas for to community contractor equipment are Movement of health and adequately delineated and materials safety cordoned off with reflective tapes and barriers Welding work - Any uncovered work pits should have appropriate signage and protection around them Earthworks - Workers should get a daily induction/toolbox before going on the site and a refresher of what happened on site a day before - Adequate safety signage on construction sites should be installed to alert community/drivers/pedestrians - lighting and/or reflective tapes and signages integrated in all worksites for safety at night • appropriate security measures in place to prevent harassment or kidnapping of workers Use of Generation of Ensure provision of sanitary facilities Contractor 500,000.00 workers sanitary waste on site for workers and enforce camp from worker’s usage. camp Ensure usage of BASEPA approved waste vendor for waste evacuation & disposal. Generation of The sewage system for the camp Contractor 400,000.00 sewage will be designed, built and operated in such a manner that it should not pollute the ground water or nearby surface water. Separate toilets/bathrooms, will be arranged for men and women. The

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number of toilet and bathroom units shall be in accordance with best practice standards (minimum 1 toilet/ bathroom for 20 persons Use of Sanitation issues • Provide bins on site for temporary Contractor/ 200,000.00 workers and public storage of domestic waste such as Engineering camp health impacts lubricant containers, drinking water Consultant sachets and carrier bags/packaging materials. Environmenta • Dispose all construction and l Safeguards domestic waste at the approved Specialist dumpsites and in the approved manner. • Ensure all trenches or excavations made during the construction works do not collect stagnant water, which could breed mosquitoes. • Ensure access to toilets for construction crew or provide temporary toilets (mobile toilets) for use where there are no existing ones. • Ensure mobile toilets/sanitary provisions are provided to reflect gender types. • Ensure regular toolbox meetings are held among contractor workers to offer awareness on transmission of contagious or communicable diseases. Rock blasting Occupational • Ensure location is properly Contractor/ 250,000 work accidents and cordoned off before rock blasting Engineering injuries to activities are carried out Consultant workers and risk • Use only government approved to community explosives for rock blasting health and • As much as possible, ensure safety community minimises movement around the site and should be informed before this type of work is carried out Decommissioning Demobilisatio Risks of • Develop & implement a project Contractor Part of n of facilities, occupational specific Occupational Health and Maintenanc plant & accidents and Safety Plan (OHSP) to include but e cost equipment injuries to not limited to mitigation measures SPIU workers. captured above. Total Cost for OHS-Plan 2,600,000.00 Implementation

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Annex 8

Sample Questionnaire

THIRD NATIONAL URBAN WATER SUPPLY REFORMS PROJECT (NUWSRP3) Questionnaire for the Preparation of Environmental and Social Management for NUWSRP3 Bauchi State This questionnaire which is expected to take about 20 minutes to complete is aimed at eliciting your view/opinion on the social and environmental implications of the NUWSRP3 project activities in your community. Your input would assist in the preparation of an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) that would enable the NUWSRP3 to manage the various project activities in a manner that guarantees socio-environmental sustainability of the project. My name is ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. DATE:……………………………Questionnaire No…………………… Community:………………………………………………. LGA:………………………………………………………………………GPS Location:……………….. Please simply tick (x) or write in brief detail where appropriate SECTION A: BIO-DATA 1. Name: …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. PhoneNumber: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. Address(optional): ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. Age (years): ˂18 18-30 30-50 50-70 above 70

5. Sex: Male Female

6. What is your religion: Christian Muslim Pagan traditionalist Others

7. Marital Status: Single Married Separated/Divorcee

8. No. of children: Non 1-2 3-4 5-6 Above

9. Level of education: ( ) No formal educ. ( ) Primary ( ) Secondary ( ) Tertiary ( ) others (specify) …………………………………………………………….

10. What do you do for a living (your primary occupation/nature of business)?

( ) Self-employed ( ) fisherman ( ) hunter ( ) public sector ( ) Others (specify)……………………………………………… 11. How long have you been resident in this community? ( ) Since birth ( ) above 15 years ( ) 10 – 15 years ( ) 5 – 10 years ( ) below 5 years 12. What are the transportation means to this community? ( ) Car/bus ( ) motorcycle ( ) bicycle ( ) lorry ( ) others SECTION B 11. What is your general opinion of this project?

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………

12. How do you think the project will affect the community? How will it affect the individual families? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13. Pls explain the benefits or negative impacts of this project in the community? ………………………………………………………………………………………………….

14. How do you seek redress when there is a grievance among people in this community? …………………………………………………………………………………………………

15. Can you let us know how much you earn in a day/month? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16. How far or how close is the nearest market? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

17. Please describe the leadership structure in this community

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

18. Please describe the health care facilities in this village. Where is the nearest hospital located?

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ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 117 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Annex 9

Company Code of Conduct

Preventing Gender Based Violence and Violence Against Children The company/contractor is committed to creating and maintaining an environment in which gender based violence (GBV) and violence against children (VAC) have no place, and where they will not be tolerated by any employee, associate, or representative of the company/contractor. Therefore, in order to ensure that all those engaged in the project are aware of this commitment, and in order to prevent, be aware of, and respond to any allegations of GBV and VAC, the company/contractor commits to the following core principles and minimum standards of behavior that will apply to all company/contractor employees, associates, and representatives including sub-contractors, without exception: 1. The company/contractor —and therefore all employees, associates, and representatives—commit to treating women, children (persons under the age of 18), and men with respect regardless of race, color, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status. Acts of GBV and VAC are in violation of this commitment.

2. Demeaning, threatening, harassing, abusive, culturally inappropriate, or sexually provocative language and behavior are prohibited among all company/contractor employees, associates, and its representatives.

3. Acts of GBV or VAC constitute gross misconduct and are therefore grounds for sanctions, which may include penalties and/or termination of employment. All forms of GBV and VAC, including grooming are unacceptable, regardless of whether they take place on the work site, the work site surroundings, at worker’s camps or at worker’s homes.

4. In addition to company/contractor sanctions, legal prosecution of those who commit acts of GBV or VAC will be pursued if appropriate.

5. Sexual contact or activity with children under 18—including through digital media—is prohibited. Mistaken belief regarding the age of a child is not a defense. Consent from the child is also not a defense or excuse.

6. Sexual favors—for instance, making promises or favorable treatment dependent on sexual acts—or other forms of humiliating, degrading or exploitative behavior are prohibited.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 118 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

7. Unless there is full consent 2 by all parties involved in the sexual act, sexual interactions between the company/contractor employees (at any level) and members of the communities surrounding the work place are prohibited. This includes relationships involving the withholding/promise of actual provision of benefit (monetary or non-monetary) to community members in exchange for sex—such sexual activity is considered “non-consensual” within the scope of this Code.

8. All employees, including volunteers and sub-contractors are highly encouraged to report suspected or actual acts of GBV and/or VAC by a fellow worker, whether in the same company or not. Reports must be made in accordance with GBV and VAC Allegation Procedures.

9. Managers are required to report suspected or actual acts of GBV and/or VAC as they have a responsibility to uphold company commitments and hold their direct reports responsible.

To ensure that the above principles are implemented effectively the company/contractor commits to ensuring that: 10. All managers sign the ‘Manager’s Code of Conduct’ detailing their responsibilities for implementing the company/contractor commitments and enforcing the responsibilities in the ‘Individual Code of Conduct’.

11. All employees sign the project’s ‘Individual Code of Conduct’ confirming their agreement not to engage in activities resulting in GBV or VAC.

12. Displaying the company/contractor and Individual Codes of Conduct prominently and in clear view at workers’ camps, offices, and in in public areas of the work space. Examples of areas include waiting, rest and lobby areas of sites, canteen areas, health clinics.

13. Ensure that posted and distributed copies of the company/contractor and Individual Codes of Conduct are translated into the appropriate language of use in the work site areas as well as for any international staff in their native language.

14. An appropriate person is nominated as the company/contractor ‘Focal Point’ for addressing GBV and VAC issues, including representing the company/contractor

2 Consent is defined as the informed choice underlying an individual’s free and voluntary intention, acceptance or agreement to do something. No consent can be found when such acceptance or agreement is obtained through the use of threats, force or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud, deception, or misrepresentation. In accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, the World Bank considers that consent cannot be given by children under the age of 18, even in the event that national legislation of the country into which the Code of Conduct is introduced has a lower age. Mistaken belief regarding the age of the child and consent from the child is not a defense.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 119 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

on the GBV and VAC Compliance Team (GCCT) which is comprised of representatives from the client, contractor(s), the supervision consultant, and local service provider(s).

15. Ensuring that an effective Action Plan is developed in consultation with the GCCT which includes as a minimum:

a. GBV and VAC Allegation Procedure to report GBV and VAC issues through the project Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM);

b. Accountability Measures to protect confidentiality of all involved; and,

c. Response Protocol applicable to GBV and VAC survivors and perpetrators.

16. That the company effectively implements the Action Plan, providing feedback to the GCCT for improvements and updates as appropriate.

17. All employees attend an induction training course prior to commencing work on site to ensure they are familiar with the company/contractor commitments and the project’s GBV and VAC Codes of Conduct.

18. All employees attend a mandatory training course once a month for the duration of the contract starting from the first induction training prior to commencement of work to reinforce the understanding of the project’s GBV and VAC Code of Conduct.

I do hereby acknowledge that I have read the foregoing company/contractor Code of Conduct, and on behalf of the company/contractor agree to comply with the standards contained therein. I understand my role and responsibilities to prevent and respond to GBV and VAC. I understand that any action inconsistent with this company/contractor Code of Conduct or failure to take action mandated by this company/contractor Code of Conduct may result in disciplinary action. Company name: ______

Signature: ______

Printed Name: ______

Title: ______

Date: ______

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 120 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Manager’s Code of Conduct

Preventing Gender Based Violence and Violence Against Children

Managers at all levels have particular responsibilities to uphold the company/contractor commitment to preventing and addressing GBV and VAC. This means that managers have an acute responsibility to create and maintain an environment that prevents GBV and VAC. Managers need to support and promote the implementation of the Company Code of Conduct. To that end, managers must adhere to this Manager’s Code of Conduct and also sign the Individual Code of Conduct. This commits them to supporting and developing systems that facilitate the implementation of the Action Plan and maintain a GBV-free and VAC-free environment at the workplace and in the local community. These responsibilities include but are not limited to:

Implementation 1. To ensure maximum effectiveness of the company/contractor and Individual Codes of Conduct:

a. Prominently displaying the company/contractor and Individual Codes of Conduct in clear view at workers’ camps, offices, and in in public areas of the work space. Examples of areas include waiting, rest and lobby areas of sites, canteen areas, health clinics.

b. Ensuring all posted and distributed copies of the company and Individual Codes of Conduct are translated into the appropriate language of use in the work site areas as well as for any international staff in their native language.

2. Verbally and in writing explain the company and Individual Codes of Conduct to all staff.

3. Ensure that:

a. All direct reports sign the ‘Individual Code of Conduct’, including acknowledgment that they have read and agree with the Code of Conduct.

b. Staff lists and signed copies of the Individual Code of Conduct are provided to the GCCT and the client.

c. Participate in training and ensure that staffs also participate as outlined below.

d. Staffs are familiar with the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) and that they can use it to anonymously report concerns of GBV or VAC incidents.

e. Staffs are encouraged to report suspected or actual GBV or VAC through the GRM by raising awareness about GBV and VAC issues, emphasizing the

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 121 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

staff’s responsibility to the company/contractor and the country hosting their employment, and emphasizing the respect for confidentiality.

4. In compliance with applicable laws and to the best of your abilities, prevent perpetrators of sexual exploitation and abuse from being hired, re-hired or deployed. Use background and criminal reference checks for all employees.

5. Ensure that when engaging in partnership, sub-contractor or similar agreements, these agreements:

a. Incorporate the GBV and VAC Codes of Conduct as an attachment.

b. Include the appropriate language requiring such contracting entities and individuals, and their employees and volunteers, to comply with the Individual Codes of Conduct.

c. expressly state that the failure of those entities or individuals, as appropriate, to take preventive measures against GBV and VAC, to investigate allegations thereof, or to take corrective actions when GBV or VAC has occurred, shall constitute grounds for sanctions and penalties in accordance with the Individual Codes of Conduct.

6. Provide support and resources to the GCCT to create and disseminate internal sensitization initiatives through the awareness-raising strategy under the Action Plan.

7. Ensure that any GBV or VAC issue warranting police action is reported to the client and the World Bank immediately.

Training 8. All managers are required to attend an induction manager training course prior to commencing work on site to ensure that they are familiar with their roles and responsibilities in upholding the GBV and VAC Codes of Conduct. This training will be separate from the induction training course required of all employees and will provide managers with the necessary understanding and technical support needed to begin to develop the Action Plan for addressing GBV and VAC issues.

9. Ensure that time is provided during work hours and that staff attend the mandatory project facilitated induction training on GBV and VAC required of all employees prior to commencing work on site.

10. Ensure that staffs attend the monthly mandatory refresher training course required of all employees to combat increased risk of GBV and VAC during civil works.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 122 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

11. Managers are required to attend and assist with the project facilitated monthly training courses for all employees. Managers will be required to introduce the trainings and announce the self-evaluations.

12. Collect satisfaction surveys to evaluate training experiences and provide advice on improving the effectiveness of training.

Response 13. Managers will be required to provide input to the GBV and VAC Allegation Procedures and Response Protocol developed by the GCCT as part of the final cleared Action Plan.

14. Once adopted by the company/contractor, managers will uphold the Accountability Measures set forth in the Action Plan to maintain the confidentiality of all employees who report or (allegedly) perpetrate incidences of GBV and VAC (unless a breach of confidentiality is required to protect persons or property from serious harm or where required by law).

15. If a manager develops concerns or suspicions regarding any form of GBV or VAC by one of his/her direct reports, or by an employee working for another contractor on the same work site, s/he is required to report the case using the GRM.

16. Once a sanction has been determined, the relevant manager(s) is/are expected to be personally responsible for ensuring that the measure is effectively enforced, within a maximum timeframe of 14-days from the date on which the decision to sanction was made.

17. Managers failing to report or comply with such provision can in turn be subject to disciplinary measures, to be determined and enacted by the company’s CEO, Managing Director or equivalent highest-ranking manager. Those measures may include:

a. Informal warning. b. Formal warning. c. Additional Training. d. Loss of up to one week's salary. e. Suspension of employment (without payment of salary), for a minimum period of 1 month up to a maximum of 6 months. f. Termination of employment. 18. Ultimately, failure to effectively respond to GBV and VAC cases on the work site by the company/contractor managers or CEO may provide grounds for legal actions by authorities.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 123 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

I do hereby acknowledge that I have read the foregoing Manager’s Code of Conduct, do agree to comply with the standards contained therein and understand my roles and responsibilities to prevent and respond to GBV and VAC. I understand that any action inconsistent with this Manager’s Code of Conduct or failure to take action mandated by this Manager’s Code of Conduct may result in disciplinary action.

Signature: ______

Printed Name: ______

Title: ______

Date: ______

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 124 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Individual Code of Conduct

Preventing Gender Based Violence and Violence Against Children

I, ______, acknowledge that preventing gender based violence (GBV) and violence against children (VAC) is important. The company/contractor considers that GBV or VAC activities constitute acts of gross misconduct and are therefore grounds for sanctions, penalties or potential termination of employment. All forms of GBV or VAC are unacceptable, be it on the work site, the work site surroundings, or at worker’s camps. Prosecution of those who commit GBV or VAC may be pursued if appropriate.

I agree that while working on the project I will:

• Consent to police background check. • Treat women, children (persons under the age of 18), and men with respect regardless of race, color, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status. • Not use language or behavior towards women, children or men that is inappropriate, harassing, abusive, sexually provocative, demeaning or culturally inappropriate. • Not participate in sexual contact or activity with children—including grooming, or contact through digital media. Mistaken belief regarding the age of a child is not a defence. Consent from the child is also not a defence or excuse. • Not engage in sexual favors—for instance, making promises or favorable treatment dependent on sexual acts—or other forms of humiliating, degrading or exploitative behavior. • Unless there is the full consent3 by all parties involved, I will not have sexual interactions with members of the surrounding communities. This includes relationships involving the withholding or promise of actual provision of benefit (monetary or non-monetary) to community members in exchange for sex—such sexual activity is considered “non-consensual” within the scope of this Code. • Attend and actively partake in training courses related to HIV/AIDS, GBV and VAC as requested by my employer. • Consider reporting through the GRM or to my manager any suspected or actual GBV or VAC by a fellow worker, whether employed by my company or not, or any breaches of this Code of Conduct.

With regard to children under the age of 18:

3 Consent is defined as the informed choice underlying an individual’s free and voluntary intention, acceptance or agreement to do something. No consent can be found when such acceptance or agreement is obtained through the use of threats, force or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud, deception, or misrepresentation. In accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, the World Bank considers that consent cannot be given by children under the age of 18, even in the event that national legislation of the country into which the Code of Conduct is introduced has a lower age. Mistaken belief regarding the age of the child and consent from the child is not a defense.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 125 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

• Wherever possible, ensure that another adult is present when working in the proximity of children. • Not invite unaccompanied children unrelated to my family into my home, unless they are at immediate risk of injury or in physical danger. • Not sleep close to unsupervised children unless absolutely necessary, in which case I must obtain my supervisor's permission, and ensure that another adult is present if possible. • Use any computers, mobile phones, or video and digital cameras appropriately, and never to exploit or harass children or to access child pornography through any medium (see also “Use of children's images for work related purposes” below). • Refrain from physical punishment or discipline of children. • Refrain from hiring children for domestic or other labor which is inappropriate given their age or developmental stage, which interferes with their time available for education and recreational activities, or which places them at significant risk of injury. • Comply with all relevant local legislation, including labor laws in relation to child labor.

Use of children's images for work related purposes

When photographing or filming a child for work related purposes, I must:

• Before photographing or filming a child, assess and endeavor to comply with local traditions or restrictions for reproducing personal images. • Before photographing or filming a child, obtain informed consent from the child and a parent or guardian of the child. As part of this I must explain how the photograph or film will be used. • Ensure photographs, films, videos and DVDs present children in a dignified and respectful manner and not in a vulnerable or submissive manner. Children should be adequately clothed and not in poses that could be seen as sexually suggestive. • Ensure images are honest representations of the context and the facts. • Ensure file labels do not reveal identifying information about a child when sending images electronically.

Sanctions

I understand that if I breach this Individual Code of Conduct, my employer will take disciplinary action which could include:

• Informal warning. • Formal warning. • Additional Training. • Loss of up to one week’s salary.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 126 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

• Suspension of employment (without payment of salary), for a minimum period of 1 month up to a maximum of 6 months.

• Termination of employment.

• Report to the police if warranted.

I understand that it is my responsibility to avoid actions or behaviors that could be construed as GBV or VAC or breach this Individual Code of Conduct. I do hereby acknowledge that I have read the foregoing Individual Code of Conduct, do agree to comply with the standards contained therein and understand my roles and responsibilities to prevent and respond to GBV and VAC. I understand that any action inconsistent with this Individual Code of Conduct or failure to take action mandated by this Individual Code of Conduct may result in disciplinary action and may affect my ongoing employment.

Signature: ______

Printed Name: ______

Title: ______

Date: ______

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 127 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Annex 10

Waste Management Plan 1.0 Introduction The preparation of this waste management plan has been guided by the holistic goal identifying and determining waste streams, and subsequently developing a suitable approach for managing this waste, with a view of: • Promoting a cleaner, healthier environment around the project facilities • Developing a suitable approach for the management (Collection/ Transportation and Recycling) of the waste generated in these facilities.

Consequently, this plan has given due consideration for global standards and Nigerian policy, administrative and regulatory framework on waste management guided by the activities in the different phases of this project will inevitably lead to generation of all kinds of waste, which must be well managed to prevent pollution and environmental degradation. All wastes generated from the project will be broadly classified as either non-hazardous or hazardous following an assessment of the hazard potentials of the materials. Furthermore, the management principles and priorities shall for all classes of waste will be based on an integrated approach anchored on the internationally accepted 4Rs of waste management hierarchy of Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Recover as the primary drivers while disposal shall be the last option. The major waste streams anticipated are discussed in Table 1 below with their management options.

Table 1: Proposed Intervention and Waste Generating Activities Phase Proposed Intervention Activities Pre- Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 • Sourcing of materials Construction concrete reservoir at Warinje • Supply of sand would be Hills done by truck haulage by local suppliers • Laterite supply would be done by truck haulage by local suppliers • Provision of energy on site using generating sets (generators) Construction • Ground works such as excavation, • Filling and the construction of earth structures e.g. drainages & embankments, bunds and cuttings; • Undertaking of Civil & masonry work according to the schedule of works • Replacement of electro- mechanical equipment, chemical feeds, control panels

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 128 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

• Installation of different components & equipment such as water pumps, transformers etc. • Carry out plumbing, carpentry and joinery work as may be necessary • Landscaping reinstatement and habitat restoration or creation Operation • Removal of waste generated during construction work

In order to carry out an assessment and characterization of the waste, information was collected from the sub-projects sites and communities in and around Bauchi Metropolis. Consequently, waste in the project area was characterized as follows:

2.0 Waste Characterization The types of waste and significant waste streams identified from the evaluations of the type of waste generated are construction waste and non-hazardous industrial waste. Anticipated hazardous wastes during proposed project implementation may include wet concrete, used oil and oil filter, oily rags, chemical containers, batteries etc. while non-hazardous waste may include general industrial type waste such as vegetal waste, scrap metals, wooden pallets, plastics, paper and cardboard waste, food waste etc. These comprise the following sub- categories or types of waste:

• Biodegradable waste stream o Regular non-hazardous waste o Food & compostable waste o Effluent/Sludge o Waste water

• Non-biodegradable o Construction rubble o Waste oils, Consumables: Filters, seals, pipes etc.

• Hazardous Waste o Disused Batteries o Chemicals (used in chemical feeds)

o Non-hazardous waste o Electromechanical waste (panels) o Domestic waste (non-risk) o Wastewater Paper, glass & recyclable waste. These are as shown in table 2.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 129 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 130 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Table 2. Waste Streams from rehabilitation of 22,000m3 concrete reservoir at Warinje Hills Waste streams Mitigation Description Biodegradab Non- Toxic/hazar Non-hazardous le waste biodegrad dous industrial waste able waste industrial waste Pre Construction Pre-construction Vegetal wastes Recycle as mulch or compost for agricultural or - (organic wastes), landscaping purposes. a. Site Clearing spoils - Reuse wood debris and slash as fuel wood for b. Draining of - - - cooking. reservoir prior to Discharged raw - Stockpile and reuse spoils during construction commencement water Ensure raw water discharged is into drainage of rehabilitation network work Installation/ Food, human Rubble/constru - Batteries Purchase of waste bins, skips and color code for Operation of (faeces) waste ction waste, - Wet Cement segregation purpose based on waste type Workers Camp & from workers, metal cans of Ensure that waste is segregated into appropriate Staging Area sludge, effluent, drinks, sanitary receptacles Paper wastes, wastes Minimize amount of spoil/unsuitable rock packaging and - aggregates generated through proper design. food wastes, - Re-use/recycle suitable spoils to the extent Waste water possible. - Re-usable spoils should be stored on-site in designated stockpile areas. - Unsuitable spoils should be transferred off-site by registered waste contractor. Construction Earthworks & Food, human Rubble/constru Chemicals (wet Purchase of waste skips for segregation purpose Construction/ (faeces) waste from ction waste, cement) Cement bags, metal based on waste type into biodegradable and non- rehabilitation workers, waste water Pipes, pipe scraps, wooden pallets, biodegradable activities sockets, waste paper, cardboard, Ensure that waste is segregated into appropriate rock from packaging materials receptacles blasting activity Use of Tyres, Waste Batteries Machinery & - oils -Ensure oil change during servicing of equipment is Equipment Consumables: - carried out in bonded areas to prevent spillage of oil

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 131 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Filters, seals, -Provide dedicated bins to retain filters and seals pipes etc. until proper disposal Provide color coded receptacles/bins with covers for batteries and other hazardous waste Operation & Decommissioning Use of Tyres, Waste oils . Machinery & - Consumables, Batteries - Re-use/recycle suitable spoils to the extent Equipment Filters, seals, possible. pipes etc - Re-usable spoils should be stored on-site in designated stockpile areas. - Unsuitable spoils should be transferred off-site Decommission Vegetal waste and Rubble/construc ing of camp & waste water tion waste, Pipes, staging area pipe sockets, waste rock from blasting activity

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 132 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

3.0 The Waste Management Process

It is therefore crucial that to ensure that the actual management of waste on this sub- project involves the process of Identification; segregation/ containerization; storage; transportation; treatment; and disposal. The process that will guide waste management in treatment plant is shown in table 3.

Table 3: Waste Management Process Key steps Definition Identification and classification on waste material Identification

Segregation at the source based on categories: • Hazardous Segregation/ Containerization • Non-hazardous

Separate storage facilities (temporary before waste On-Site Storage is transported to treatment facility) Packaging and labeling Using specific containers and designated vehicles Transportation to transport waste to landfill or incinerating site

Storage at landfill or incinerating site Off-site Storage

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 133 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Annex 11

Project Traffic Management Plan (Sample) 1. Introduction This Traffic Management Plan describes procedures and protocols for site access, traffic routing and management, and contractor company guidelines with respect to vehicle and employee transportation in delivering their obligations on this intervention project. Public, employee and contractor safety is the primary goal of this plan. It is vital that the Contractor recognizes that the traffic within the project area will be dynamic throughout the course of execution of this works and the safety of other road users is absolutely essential during this time.

2. General Site Access In the interest of site security and public safety, access to operational areas related to the execution of this contract will be restricted to authorized site personnel through the usage of signs and gates where appropriate. Facilities that potentially present danger to persons or wildlife such as the electrical substation, equipment staging area and workers camp will be fenced or barricaded as appropriate to prevent general access.

3. Traffic Management All traffic on routes to and from the site will be radio controlled. Where this is not possible, signage will be installed at appropriate locations in order to warn the public along these routes. In the event that temporary closure occurs, access to the sites will be further restricted through the use of fences and gates as appropriate. Access to work areas such as temporary excavated places, or confined spaces where work is on going will be securely blocked by means of a temporary but robust barrier or barricade. Buildings and ancillary facilities will be locked and secured. A number of additional general measures related to site access, road management and public safety and construction events notification are presented here:

• Private employee off-road vehicles or private transport buses will be prohibited from entry into the site. • Signage will be posted near all construction sites. • Notifications will be provided for activities that would be carried out over the weekend or public holiday periods. These would be disseminated through existing social institutions such as the village or district heads of communities, Local Government Councilors and NGO’s or CBO’s • Speed limit maintained at 10 km/hr speed limit within or near the communities; • Install reverse alarm fitted on all trucks, heavy duty equipment and off road vehicles • Employ or engage the use of a minimum of two flagmen around excavated areas, one for traffic approach and one to direct traffic away from the sites • In accordance with the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations for public roads, use of flashing devices/trafficators on all vehicles/machinery and equipment that will cross, travel on or may otherwise pose a risk to users of public roads.

4. Employee Transportation To the extent possible employees will use buses provided by the contractor as transportation to and from the site, thereby reducing overall vehicle traffic. Project vehicles or will be utilized by staff, only when necessary.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 134 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

5. Speed Limits Speed limits will be enforced to and from the site and signage(s) shall be posted along the access and site roads (maximum 40 km/hr, reduced to 20 km/hr at blind corners and bridge crossings. Traffic along other access roads will be radio controlled for safety and speed control. Furthermore, employees and contractors will be educated on safety including traffic protocols and speed limits during mandatory orientation. Routine traffic inspections and/or speed indicator signs will be used to encourage safe and responsible driving.

6. Communications And Notification Protocols It is anticipated that the intervention project will require only single-lane temporary closures. Signage warnings of construction activities on the roads will be placed at appropriate distances from the construction site, in consultation with SPIU, Ministry of Transports, department of Highways & Public Works. For significant work activity (those requiring more than one day to complete), written notification will be distributed to residents and the SPIU, Ministry of Transport, department of Highways & Public Works will be notified. A public notice would be posted at multiple locations in the metropolis to communicate to residents any new activities that may be occurring or scheduled. Contact information for the Contractors senior management will be included in this notice and any concerns regarding the intervention work/project or traffic management can be forwarded through this notification system.

7. Traffic Routing And Volumes Alternative traffic routing shall be mapped out and provided in the event that there will be complete closure of the road due to this intervention work activity. Traffic officers and appropriate road diversion signage(s) shall be deployed to ensure diversions routes are properly identified and traffic is directed along the mapped route. The flagmen shall be properly kitted in their Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as reflector vests and safety boots, to ensure that safety on the job is given due priority.

8. Reporting Records on traffic management and implementation of this plan should be kept and updated by the contractor as evidence of on going mitigation compliance, which will be submitted to SPIU as part of routine reports on progress of work.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 135 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Annex 12

Contingency and Emergency Response Plan (Sample)

Introduction

An emergency is best described as a serious situation or unforeseen crisis that happens unexpectedly and requires or demands immediate/necessary action. This is often associated with danger. Therefore, this plan has been prepared to establish a process that has been adopted by our organization to respond to any emergency situation. This plan has the following fundamental objectives are:

• To ensure that we can identify how to prepare for an emergency • Provide a checklist of actions that would enable our team prepare to handle such emergencies

The objective

The aim of this plan is therefore to examine a series of steps in the process, which is designed to ensure that any situation that necessitated that the status of emergency be apportioned, be managed in a manner that would ameliorate this condition.

Thus, this plan provides guidelines on the best approach that would be engaged by employees of the Contractor company in emergency situations, which may be as a consequence of the following:

• Medical (health) • Safety • Environmental • Security • Any other types of emergencies

Emergency Response Team (ERT)

An emergency response team will be constituted for the project. These will be the group of persons that would have the responsibility of managing this emergency plan in a manner that would ensure the goals of this plan are achieved. For this reason, the members of the ERT are:

• Managing Director (or representative) • HSEQ Officer • Project Engineer • Supervisor • Support members (headmen from units – civil, mechanical, electrical etc.) • Supervising Consultant representative • SPIU representative

Emergency Response Centre (ERC)

Due to the temporary nature of the facilities that would be utilized as workers camp & site office, for intervention projects, the site office will also be converted into the Emergency Response Centre (ERC), in cases of emergency. Therefore, appropriate communication equipment shall be available in the office, to ensure that the channels of contact are available, at all times.

In the minimum our ERC will have: • A computer system with internet facilities available • A telephone • A public address system

Activation of this Emergency Response Centre

The individual that receives the information that could potentially necessitate an emergency response should immediately convey the information to the Project Engineer.

Jointly, the project engineer and the Safety officer will review the situation/information, following which the managing director will be contacted (if not on site).

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 136 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

The managing director will hereafter take the decision of the gravity of the situation, following which it may be necessary to constitute an ERT and convert the site office into the ERC.

Core ERT and support members will be represented once the ERC is activated.

Checklist of Emergency Response Actions

These actions shall be implemented immediately the ERC is activated: S/n Actions

1. Verify status of emergency and likely exposure of other personnel to risk, ensure ERT members are fully equipped in emergency response equipment 2. Locate and account for all personnel on site (muster point) and if appropriate, implement the evacuation procedure, if necessary. Review decision on need to establish contact with family of personnel involved in emergency 3. Establish and maintain close contact with relevant authorities related or connected to the resolving of this emergency. e.g. in case of medical emergency, a hospital, security emergencies will require a contact with government law enforcement agencies – police etc. 4. Inform supervising consultant & SPIU representative as promptly as possible in order to establish interface link with Client

5. Transmit any information update or changes in situation status to emergency focal group; the managing director and members of the ERT and determine if there is a need to shut down critical on going operational activities 6. Depending on the type of emergency, any necessary follow up action should be determined and promptly acted upon, as may be required e.g. medical emergencies may require evacuation, environmental emergencies may require containment, safety emergencies may require prompt cordoning off of area etc. 7. Internal Communication channel with other personnel should be kept open, by means of public address system or telecommunication (walkie talkies) and updates provided to forestall any likely re-occurrences, where possible 8. Examine cross-cutting impact of emergency on liability issues and operational continuity. e.g. media involvement in security emergencies 9. Undertake an assessment of risk to review other potential liabilities and deploy mitigation measures, where necessary. e.g. workmen compensation insurances in case of accident emergencies 10. Review all cost implications of emergency response actions and make necessary budgetary provisions 11. Provide the SPIU with updates immediately additional information is received.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 137 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Accident reporting

This accident report would be factual, free from hearsay, assumptions, gossips and / or preliminary conclusions. The report shall be duly signed by the Project engineer. The SPIU shall be briefed about the accident in writing within 24 Hours.

Timing of investigation The investigation should be carried out as soon as possible after the accident. The quality of evidence can deteriorate rapidly with time and delayed investigation are usually not as conclusive as those performed with dispatch. A prompt investigation is a good demonstration of management concern for safety.

Scope of Investigation The scope of the investigation can be divided into four areas: • Personnel • Technique • The Environment • Organization

In each of these areas, actions of omission may be identified which could be a factor contributing to the accident or subsequent injury, damage or loss.

Establishment of the fact In establishing the fact(s) of an accident, we would consider the followings as necessary factors:

Background information that would be considered, • the procedure for this type of operations • command structure • the person involved

Facts collection Facts collection shall include but not limited to topography, weather, warning signs /notices, condition of the equipment, housekeeping, before interview can be conducted.

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 138 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

ACCIDENT REPORT AND INVESTIGATION (Standard report form)

Date:------Time:------/AM/PM

Location:------Department:------

Supervisor:------

Name of Victim:------

Nationality:------Address:------

Marital Status:------Occupation:------

Date of Birth:------Experience (years):-----

Equipment/tools being used when accident occurred:------

Description of accident:------

Name of Witness (if any):------

Conditions during accident: weather- dry, rain, clear, dusk, dark etc.

Unsafe acts, actions and conditions (Please describe):------

Report verification by:

Name:------Date:------

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 139 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3

Annex 13: Excerpts of Dam Safety Report, June 2013 (Page 14, 15 & 16)

Technical Audit of Gubi Dam in Bauchi Town of Bauchi Local Government Area, Sahel Engineering Services Limited, August 2010 This report was prepared based on a TOR to carry out review of designs, inspect dam, assess settlement, assess vegetation on dam, assess toe drain, assess embankment for cracks, conduct bathymetric survey, conduct VES and analyze seepage flow paths. The report had included review of the dam and provided observations. Main findings from the Technical audit report are: • There was a 165m long and 2m deep longitudinal crack at the embankment deepest section (Ch 2+110 to 2+275) about 3m d/s of u/s crest edge. It was opened up and refilled with well compacted silty clay; • D/s slope – Gullies were filled with compacted with earthfill and slope protected with Kiri- kiri grass and concrete slabs; • Grassing on d/s slope was not well established; • Trees earlier cleared have sprung back; Federal Republic of Nigeria Dam Safety Review Report Ministry of Water Resources 6.0 U/s riprap and d/s slope concrete slab are in good condition; 7.0 Most of the toe drainage system on left side of the dam are not flowing but most on the right side are flowing; 8.0 Right portion of the dam has long stretches of flooded areas d/s of toe areas; 9.0 Crest of the berm had large depressions; This audit had also provided an extensive detail of work undertaken by Olunge Atkins Limited (based in Ibadan) for Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority. The relevant studies whose details were included were a) Report on appropriateness of the working designs specification and drawings provided by WRECA b) Assessment of the works executed in house by Bauchi State Water Board The Gubi dam audit checked stability of u/s and d/s slopes concluded that the FOS are acceptable. From the audit, the thickness of blanket drain was shown to be 150mm for a blanket material of K=2.5x104 cm/s. This looks too small to accommodate seepage. Checking the values and monitoring conditions on site will be required. The main objective of the hydrological study of Gubi dam catchment prepared by Sahel was to estimate runoff and design floods. The study was based on climatic information available from Bauchi station. The record of Bauchi station is comparatively long (from 1941 – 1980). Using Hershfield’s model, the study estimates PMP of the project area as 333 mm. The study did not indicate the “frequency factor” used in the Hershfield’s model and the PMP obtained, when compared to the annual maximum daily rainfall recorded in the area of 123.2 mm, seems large. The study also noted the absence of stream flow measurements and thus the need to estimate design floods using a synthetic unit hydrograph approach, converting rainfall 3 to runoff. The peak flood estimated is 1,040 m /s for duration of 2 hrs. Further, outflow hydrograph for the existing spillway has been prepared and its peak spilling capacity was 3 estimated as 647 m /s. Based on this, the study concluded that the existing spillway cannot safely pass the PMF without overtopping the dam. Nevertheless, it is not clear from the study that reservoir routing has been done to develop the outflow hydrograph and comparison was made with the maximum hydraulic capacity of the spillway. Moreover, it is not clear that the estimated 3 peak spillway capacity of 647 m /s is determined after conducting reservoir routing or estimated using a discharge equation. As part of the study, Sahel conducted a bathymetric survey of Gubi reservoir and developed an elevation-area-capacity curve. The total storage of the dam was 3 estimated at 38.4 Mm .

(iii) Gubi Dam Hydrology, Water Resources and Engineering Construction Agency, Kano State (included as part of Sahel study) A hydrological study, focused on evaluating of the spillway capacity of Gubi dam, was prepared by the Water Resources and Engineering Construction Agency (WRECA). Using synthetic hydrograph approach, the study estimated the inflow hydrograph at PMF conditions. An outflow rating curve was prepared using a discharge equation for spillways. The length of spillway considered was 400 ft (121.9 m). After reservoir routing, the study concluded that the maximum flood head on the spillway crest is 5.41 ft (1.65 m) and the

ESMP – Rehabilitation of 22,000m3 Concrete Reservoir at Warinje Hill 140 ESMP – Bauchi State NUWSRP3 designed dam crest level will provide adequate freeboard during flood conditions. Considering the fact that the existing spillway has 70 m length, it is not clear on the justification of using l21.9 length of spillway.

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