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Shanti Grafstrom Spiritual Activism for At-Risk Youth 30C Thesis Spring 2018 Final

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Shanti Grafstrom Spiritual Activism for At-Risk Youth 30C Thesis Spring 2018 Final Spiritual Activism for At-Risk Youth: Compassionate Saint Augustine’s Youth Academy Initiative, an Ethnographic Study “Just waking up on the wrong side of the bed can send you away for life. You can make the wrong decision and get incarcerated and never come home. So, meditation can stop somebody from throwing their whole life away – if you think about it for real. It’s serious. You never know what somebody wakes up with on their mind.” ~ Isaiah, 18 years old Figure 1 ~ Cover Photo: Youth Academy residents on the basketball court, by Kate Gardiner UPPSALA UNIVERSITY Department of Theology Master program of Religion in Peace and Conflict Master’s thesis, 30 hp Spring 2018 Shanti Louise Grafström Supervisor: Cecilia Melder [email protected] Spiritual Activism for At-Risk Youth Thank you to Cecilia Melder for your excellent ideas & feedback. Thank you to Matt Carmichael for your support & inspiration. Thank you to KaZ Akers for saying Yes and opening the door for me to join the Compassionate St Augustine Youth Academy Initiative. Thank you to Winslow Wheeler for all of your assistance with Photovoice and logistics at the Youth Academy. Thank you to Peachy Keen for your help creating safety and openness during the interviews. Thank you to Caren Goldman, Orvando Freeman and all the folks at Compassionate St. Augustine and the Youth Academy, Most of all, thank you to the wonderful young men for letting me into your lives and your experience! ii Spiritual Activism for At-Risk Youth ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: This is an ethnographic study of two communities coming together to serve at- risk youth in St. Augustine, Florida. Compassionate St Augustine (CSA) is a non-profit organization grounded in the Golden Rule that promotes compassion-based practices in schools, businesses, faith communities, and government. The Youth Academy is a high-risk residential juvenile facility housing 70 boys between the ages of 13 and 19. The two joined forces to bring opportunity, healing and hope to these boys and over the last two years, CSA has had over 30 ongoing classes, programs, events and workshops at the academy – teaching everything from Qi Gong to how to properly butter your bread. AIM: My overall aim is to study spiritual activism to inspire action and create a shift in collective consciousness. In this specific setting, I examined what spiritual and/or humanistic factors motivate transformation, what impact happens from the spiritual activism and how does it change the future? THEORY: I examine these questions through the lens of spiritual activism, using ethnographic social science theory. In ethnography, it is important to present a full picture, to use description and quotations. It was important to me to give these at-risk young men their voice, to share their quotes and the pictures they took to give insight into their lives. After the inductive study of ethnography, I applied a deductive study to my observations through a framework of existential health theory, thus doing an abductive study of the spiritual activism and its impact. METHOD: I spent five weeks doing participatory observation in classes, meetings and events. I conducted semi-structured interviews with students, activists and staff. The boys also participated in Photovoice, taking pictures to show aspects of their life and transformation. RESULTS: I found the program components of meditation & Alternatives to Violence Program, music, art & etiquette, compassion & service and restoring health equity & social justice created changes the existential health dimensions of these young men. They received tools to transform their current life and their futures. CONCLUSION: The goal of the CSA program at the Youth Academy is to help change the mindset of the young men and improve their quality of life. The overall goal of spiritual activism is to create an individual transformation in hearts and minds in order to create a collective consciousness shift in worldview. Both involve changing people existentially – changing how a person relates to themselves, to each other, to the world and to life. How we relate to existence determines how we define existence. CSA is helping to fulfill the Youth Academy’s vision of offering these underprivileged young men a true academy – a learning environment filled with opportunities for growth, exploration and healing that will give these boys a new chance to define who they are from a place of wholeness. They are a clear example that restorative justice is what is needed to help heal these young men, to help bring more social justice to society in general and to bring health equity to future generations. KEY WORDS: Spiritual; Activism; Social Justice; Juvenile Rehabilitation; Restorative Justice; Racism; Collective Consciousness Shift; Compassion; Ethnography i Spiritual Activism for At-Risk Youth TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1 2 BACKGROUND & ASSUMPTION ................................................................................................ 3 2.1 Background ..................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Assumptions ................................................................................................................... 4 2.3 Ethnographic perspective ................................................................................................ 5 3 DEFINITION & INTERPRETATION OF KEY WORDS .................................................................. 5 4 HISTORY & SURVEY OF THE FIELD ......................................................................................... 5 4.1 History of spiritual activism ............................................................................................ 6 4.2 Connection between spirituality, activism & worldview .................................................. 7 4.3 Spiritual activism, racism & criminal justice reform ........................................................ 8 4.4 Survey of the field: Spiritual activism............................................................................ 10 4.5 Survey of the field: Social justice of existential health equity ........................................ 11 5 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: ................................................................................................ 13 5.1 Ethnography .................................................................................................................. 13 5.2 Abductive study – Analyzing inductive study with deductive theory ............................. 14 6 RESEARCH AIM & QUESTIONS .............................................................................................. 14 7 PROCESS & METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................. 15 7.1 Ethnographic field work ................................................................................................ 15 7.2 Action Research & Participatory Action Research ......................................................... 15 7.3 Research tools ............................................................................................................... 16 8 ETHICS .................................................................................................................................. 19 8.1 Ethics for safety of the community ................................................................................ 19 8.2 Ethics for my personal field work .................................................................................. 21 8.3 Informed Consent forms ................................................................................................ 21 9 SPIRITUAL ACTIVISM THEORY, OBJECTIVITY & EMPATHY .................................................. 22 10 SOCIAL CONTEXT: WHERE THESE BOYS COME FROM ............................................................ 24 10.1 Racism and income inequality in America ..................................................................... 24 10.2 Mass incarceration as systemic racism ........................................................................... 25 10.3 The school-to-prison pipeline ........................................................................................ 26 11 SAINT JOHN’S YOUTH ACADEMY .......................................................................................... 28 11.1 High-risk residential facility .......................................................................................... 28 11.2 Five dorm wings become home to 70 boys .................................................................... 30 ii Spiritual Activism for At-Risk Youth 11.3 Educational services ...................................................................................................... 31 11.4 Vocational services ....................................................................................................... 32 11.5 Mental health services ................................................................................................... 33 11.6 Statistics and reality ...................................................................................................... 34 12 COMPASSIONATE ST. AUGUSTINE’S PROGRAM OF CLASSES ................................................. 36 12.1 Coming together of two communities to serve at-risk youth .........................................
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