DOCSLIB.ORG

The Bigness Mystique and the Merger Policy Debate: a Comment from West Germany

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business Volume 9 Issue 3 Winter Winter 1989 The iB gness Mystique and the Merger Policy Debate: A Comment from West Germany Ingo L.O. Schmidt Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njilb Part of the Corporation and Enterprise Law Commons, and the International Trade Commons Recommended Citation Ingo L.O. Schmidt, The iB gness Mystique and the Merger Policy Debate: A Comment from West Germany, 9 Nw. J. Int'l L. & Bus. 618 (1988-1989) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business by an authorized administrator of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. The Bigness Mystique and the Merger Policy Debate: A Comment from West Germany Ingo LA Schmidt* I. INTRODUCTION After eight years of an antitrust policy dominated by the principles of the Chicago School,' which is better characterized as a protrust merger policy, the United States and the European Community are con- fronted with a new wave of mergers. The arguments for mergers are the same as in the 1960s: merger-induced bigness promotes international competition, efficiency, and technological progress. In this context, Ad- ams and Brock in their excellent analysis ask the right questions: But did merger-induced corporate giantism provide salvation for European industry? Did it provide world-class competitiveness?2 Was it a success and a model of industrial policy worthy of emulation? Adams and Brock provide answers by analyzing mergers and their * Professor of Political Economy, specializing in microeconomics, industrial organization, and antitrust policy with the Economics Department, University of Hohenheim, West Germany; Studied Economics and Law, Free University of Berlin, 1954-58: Ph.D. Economics, Free University of Ber- fin, 1961; Head of the Economic Policy Planning Section and later the International Section of the Bundeskartellamt, Berlin, 1962-73; Head of the Division for Food, Agriculture, and Forestry with the State Government of Berlin. Professor Schmidt has been a full professor at Stuttgart- Hohenheim since 1977. The author feels obliged to thank Dipl.-Volkswirt Stefan Elsser and Dipl.-Volkswirtin Sabine Richard for their helpful assistance in preparing this contribution, and Mr. David Phillips, B.A., M.A., English language lecturer at the University of Hohenheim, for his help in reviewing the Eng- lish version of this Article. I See Schmidt & Rittaler, A CriticalEvaluation of the Chicago School of Antitrust Analysis, in STUDIES IN INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION VOL. 9 (H. de Jong & W. Shepherd eds. 1989). 2 Adams & Brock, The Bigness Mystique and the Merger Policy Debate: An InternationalPer- spective, 9 Nw. J. INT'L L. & Bus. 1, 8 (1988). West Germany and the Bigness Mystique 9:618(1989) post-merger performance in the United Kingdom, France, West Ger- many, Italy, and Japan. Their country analyses leave space for further work. Therefore, this Article provides deeper insight into West Ger- many's merger activity and its merger results. The Article first charts the development of concentration in the 1970s and 1980s. Second, it presents two empirical studies which rely on West German data, and which analyze the nexus between technological progress, firm size, and efficiency. Finally, two case studies illustrate problems induced by merger and exemplify the author's sceptism on bigness. II. The Development of Concentration in West Germany A. The Merger Activity Since 1970 Official merger statistics are compiled in West Germany by the Fed- eral Cartel Office, the Bundeskartellamt. The following table is based on data from the Bundeskartellamt. It gives an overview of the merger ac- tivity and structure since 1970. Due to changes in the law on merger reporting, the Bundeskartelamt's figures are imprecise and have to be interpreted with caution.3 Despite these methodological caveats, some general conclusions on the merger activity and merger structure can be drawn. As table 1 shows, merger activity rose significantly over the last seventeen years. In the 1970s, the number of mergers grew exponentially followed by a slight decline in the early 1980s. Since 1984, merger activ- ity has accelerated, and, in 1986, reached a hitherto unparalleled peak of 802 mergers. According to the latest data, this trend seems to be contin- uing. In 1987, the number of mergers amounted to 887.4 There are three types of merger most commonly used, horizontal, vertical, and conglomerate. Horizontal mergers are divided into hori- zontal mergers with or without product extension. Product extension mergers can be understood as a border-line case of horizontal and con- glomerate mergers. The Bundeskartellamt subsumes product extension mergers under the category of horizontal mergers, because the Law against Restraints of Competition' makes it easier to prosecute horizon- tal rather than conglomerate mergers. Horizontal mergers remain the largest single category throughout the whole period of inquiry. Their share oscillated around 70%, with peaks in the early 1970s (1972: 81.6% 3 For the methodological problems, see Monopolkommission, Fifth Main Report, Hauptgutachten 1982/1983: Okonomische Kriterien fiir die Rechtsanwendung %698 (1984). 4 See Monopoly mit Milliarden, Wirtsehaftswoche, Dec. 9, 1988, at 41. 5 The Law Against Restraints of Competition, Gesetz gegen Wettbewerbsbeschrdnkungen, en- acted on July 27, 1957, became effective on January 1, 1958 [1957] BGBl.I, 1081. Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business 9:618(1989) Table 1: Mergers Notified under Section 23 of the Act against Restraints of Competition Type Horizontal without with Vertical Conglomerate Total Product Extension Total Year Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % 1970 138 47.4 79 27.1 217 74.6 27 9.3 47 16.2 291 100.0 1971 116 53.0 51 23.3 167 76.3 19 8.7 33 15.1 219 100.0 1972 170 63.7 48 18.0 218 81.6 21 7.9 28 10.5 267 100.0 1973 148 60.9 48 19.8 196 80.7 19 7.8 28 11.5 243 100.0 1974 163 51.3 72 22.6 235 73.9 50 15.7 33 10.4 318 100.0 1975 264 58.9 72 16.1 336 75.0 53 11.8 59 13.2 448 100.0 1976 215 47.5 68 15.0 283 62.5 113 24.9 57 12.6 453 100.0 1977 274 49.5 93 16.8 367 66.2 122 22.0 65 11.7 554 100.0 1978 280 50.2 116 20.8 396 71.0 93 16.7 69 12.4 558 100.0 1979 273 45.3 113 18.8 386 64.1 111 18.4 105 17.4 602 100.0 1980 226 35.6 175 27.6 401 63.1 140 22.0 94 14.8 635 100.0 1981 283 45.8 104 16.8 387 62.6 124 20.1 107 17.3 618 100.0 1982 307 50.9 69 11.4 376 62.4 73 12.1 154 25.5 603 100.0 1983 264 52.2 71 14.0 335 66.2 53 10.5 118 23.3 506 100.0 1984 305 53.0 72 12.5 377 65.6 64 11.1 134 23.3 575 100.0 1985 347 48.9 102 14.4 449 63.3 77 10.9 183 25.8 709 100.0 1986 469 58.5 102 12.7 571 71.3 74 9.2 157 17.6 802 100.0 Sources: Monopolkommission, Fifth Main Report, Baden-Baden 1984, para. 700, and Bundeskartellant, Activity Report 1983/1984, in: BTDr 10/3550, p. 131, and Activity Report 1985/1986, in: BTDr 11/554, p. 119. and 1973: 80.7%) and lows in the early 1980s (1981: 62.6% and 1982: 62.4%). In 1986, the percentage of horizontal mergers rose sharply to 71.3%, which is the highest percentage since 1975. Nevertheless, the dominant role of the horizontal mergers should not be overrated, because some of the product extension mergers could also be understood as conglomerates. Vertical mergers have experienced the largest percentage variations. For example, in 1976, the percentage of vertical mergers was about two times higher than in 1975. It is, apart from the horizontal mergers with product extension, the only category which has not shown a significant upward trend since the amendment of the Law against Restraints of Competition in 1973. 6 Because of their small share, vertical mergers are of minor importance for antitrust policy. 6 Second Amendment to the Law Against Restraints of Competition of August 4, 1973, [1973] BGBL.I 917. West Germany and the Bigness Mystique 9:618(1989) The importance of conglomerate mergers has risen since 1973. Ex- cept for the 1986 value, their share showed an overall positive trend. B. The Role of the Largest West German Industrial Firms An in-depth analysis on the growth rate of West Germany's 100 largest firms reveals a double-edged development in the role of the largest West German industrial firms. On the one hand, the slight decrease in the share of the aggregate value added7 of the leading 100 firms, suggests that the danger of concentration of productive resources under the con- trol of a few decision making units is not acute. On the other hand, the increase in the share of the aggregate value added of the ten largest West German companies indicates that these firms need to be watched with care. Firm size can be measured in several ways. The underlying measure in table 2 is that of value added.' Table 2 shows a slight decrease in Table 2: The Share of the 100 Largest German firms Year Share of the Aggregate Value Added 1978 19.3% 1980 19.5% 1982 19.1% Source: Monopolkommission, Seventh 1984 18.7% Main Report, Baden-Baden 1986 18.8% 1988, para.
Recommended publications
  • 31. 7. 96 I EN I Official Journal of the European Communities No C 223

    31. 7. 96 I EN I Official Journal of the European Communities No C 223

    31 . 7 . 96 I EN I Official Journal of the European Communities No C 223/23 List of sites registered in the European eco management and audit scheme (Council Regulation ( EEC) No 1836/93 ) ( 96/C 223/02 ) (Text with EEA relevance) The following list is published so as to comply with Article 9 of Council Regulation (EEC ) No 1836/93 C ). This Regulation establishes a voluntary environmental management scheme , based on harmonized lines and principles throughout the European Union, open to companies in the industrial sector operating in the European Union . The overall objective of the scheme is to promote continuous environmental performance improvements of industrial activities by committing sites to evaluate and improve their environ­ mental performance and provide relevant information to the public . Sites that wish to be registered in the scheme must have their environmental policy, programme , management system, review or audit procedure and environmental statement or statements examined , to verify that that they meet the requirements of this Regulation and the environmental statements validated . This verification and validation must be carried out by an independent, appropriately accredited , environmental verifier . Article 9 of the Regulation specifies that each year the Commission shall publish in the Official Journal of the European Communities a list of all the registered sites in the Community . The list below contains details of all sites whose registration has been notified to the Commission, by the competent bodies or national authorities in the Member States , up to and including 16 February 1996 . C ) OJ No L 168 , 10 . 7 . 1993 . No C 223 /24 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 31 .
  • Remote Control Code List

    Remote Control Code List

    Remote Control Code List MDB1.3_01 Contents English . 3 Čeština . 4 Deutsch . 5 Suomi . 6 Italiano . 7. Nederlands . 8 Русский . .9 Slovenčina . 10 Svenska . 11 TV Code List . 12 DVD Code List . 25 VCR Code List . 31 Audio & AUX Code List . 36 2 English Remote Control Code List Using the Universal Remote Control 1. Select the mode(PVR, TV, DVD, AUDIO) you want to set by pressing the corresponding button on the remote control. The button will blink once. 2. Keep pressing the button for 3 seconds until the button lights on. 3. Enter the 3-digit code. Every time a number is entered, the button will blink. When the third digit is entered, the button will blink twice. 4. If a valid 3-digit code is entered, the product will power off. 5. Press the OK button and the mode button will blink three times. The setup is complete. 6. If the product does not power off, repeat the instruction from 3 to 5. Note: • When no code is entered for one minute the universal setting mode will switch to normal mode. • Try several setting codes and select the code that has the most functions. 3 Čeština Seznam ovládacích kódů dálkového ovladače Používání univerzálního dálkového ovladače 1. Vyberte režim (PVR, TV, DVD, AUDIO), který chcete nastavit, stisknutím odpovídajícího tlačítka na dálkovém ovladači. Tlačítko jednou blikne. 2. Stiskněte tlačítko na 3 sekundy, dokud se nerozsvítí. 3. Zadejte třímístný kód. Při každém zadání čísla tlačítko blikne. Po zadání třetího čísla tlačítko blikne dvakrát. 4. Po zadání platného třímístného kódu se přístroj vypne.
  • Especially Economical Household Appliances 2007/08 Consumer Information

    Especially Economical Household Appliances 2007/08 Consumer Information

    Saving on Electricity and Water is Worthwhile Especially Economical Household Appliances 2007/08 Consumer Information Refigerators and For washing machines, 20 liters more water each use freezers, wahsing causes additional costs of 234 € over 15 years. machines and dishwashers, as For refrigerators and freezers, 100 kWh more cause well as washer- additional electricity costs of 225 € over 15 years, plus dryers and driers, possible price increases. The most economical tabletop are purchases refrigerator with */*** compartment saves about 400 € over for many years 15 years, compared with the model with the highest power of service. Along consumption. A higher price of e.g. 200 € is therefore a with good per- very prifitable investment. formance, above This leaflet summarizes especially economical models of all they should the common designs and size classes. It should serve as be reliable and orientation for taking low power and water consumption have a long life. into account. The information is based on market data Furthermore they from August 2007. Should you read this brochure at a should be economical. Low power and water consumption much later time or not find the information you seek here, leads to lower operatoing costs and less environmental please look in the Internet under www.spargeraete.de. In loading this online database, you will find the entire up-to-date For many appliances, the operating costs over their life- German offering known to the authors of this brochure. time are higher than the purchase price. Especially eco- nomic appliances thus save more on power and waters costs over the years than the purchase price.
  • Study on the Competitiveness of the EU Gas Appliances Sector

    Study on the Competitiveness of the EU Gas Appliances Sector

    Ref. Ares(2015)2495017 - 15/06/2015 Study on the Competitiveness of the EU Gas Appliances Sector Within the Framework Contract of Sectoral Competitiveness Studies – ENTR/06/054 Final Report Client: Directorate-General Enterprise & Industry Rotterdam, 11 August 2009 Disclaimer: The views and propositions expressed herein are those of the experts and do not necessarily represent any official view of the European Commission or any other organisations mentioned in the Report ECORYS SCS Group P.O. Box 4175 3006 AD Rotterdam Watermanweg 44 3067 GG Rotterdam The Netherlands T +31 (0)10 453 88 16 F +31 (0)10 453 07 68 E [email protected] W www.ecorys.com Registration no. 24316726 ECORYS Macro & Sector Policies T +31 (0)31 (0)10 453 87 53 F +31 (0)10 452 36 60 Table of contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Objectives and policy rationale 5 3 Main findings and conclusions 7 4 The gas appliances sector 11 4.1 Introduction 11 4.2 Definition 11 4.3 Overview of sub-sectors 16 4.3.1 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) 16 4.3.2 Domestic appliances 18 4.3.3 Fittings 20 4.4 The application of statistics 22 4.5 Statistical approach to sector and subsectors 23 5 Key characteristics of the European gas appliances sector 29 5.1 Introduction 29 5.2 Importance of the sector 30 5.2.1 Output 30 5.2.2 Employment 31 5.2.3 Demand 32 5.3 Production, employment, demand and trade within EU 33 5.3.1 Production share EU-27 output per country 33 5.3.2 Employment 39 5.3.3 Demand by Member State 41 5.3.4 Intra EU trade in GA 41 5.4 Industry structure and size distribution
  • Fisher & Paykel Appliances Holdings Limited

    Fisher & Paykel Appliances Holdings Limited

    FISHER & PAYKEL APPLIANCES HOLDINGS LIMITED TARGET COMPANY STATEMENT — IN RELATION TO A TAKEOVER OFFER BY HAIER NEW ZEALAND INVESTMENT HOLDING COMPANY LIMITED — 4 OCTOBER 2012 For personal use only For personal use only COVER: PHASE 7 DISHDRAWER TM DISHWASHER FISHER & PAYKEL APPLIANCES HOLDINGS LIMITED TARGET COMPANY STATEMENT CHAIRMAN’S LETTER 03 TARGET COMPANY STATEMENT (TAKEOVERS CODE DISCLOSURES) 07 SCHEDULE 1 — 4 25 For personal use only APPENDIX: INDEPENDENT ADVISER’S REPORT 37 CHAIRMAN’S LETTER For personal use only CHAIRMAN’S LETTER P3 Dear Shareholder Haier New Zealand Investment Holding Company Limited (“Haier”) has offered $1.20 per share to buy your shares in Fisher & Paykel Appliances Holdings Limited (“FPA”) by means of a formal takeover offer (the Offer“ ”). •• INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS RECOMMEND DO NOT ACCEPT HAIER’S OFFER •• The independent directors of FPA (Dr Keith Turner, Mr Philip Lough, Ms Lynley Marshall and Mr Bill Roest) (the “Independent Directors”) unanimously recommend that shareholders do not accept the Offer from Haier. In making their recommendation, the Independent Directors have carefully considered a full range of expert advice available to them. Therefore you should take no action. The principal reasons for recommending that shareholders do not accept are: _ Having regard to a full range of expert advice now available to the Independent Directors (including the Independent Adviser’s valuation range of $1.28 to $1.57 per FPA Share), the Independent Directors consider that the Offer of $1.20 per FPA Share does not adequately reflect their view of the value of FPA based on their confidence in the strategic direction of the Company; and _ FPA is in a strong financial position and, as the Independent Adviser notes, FPA is at a “relatively early stage of implementation of the company’s comprehensive rebuilding strategy”.
  • Competitive Implications of Environmental Regulation

    Competitive Implications of Environmental Regulation

    Competitive Implications of Environmental Regulation A Study of Six lndustries The Management Institute for Environment and Business 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 502 Washington, DC 20036 (202) 833-6556 with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Printed on processed chlorine free recycled paper: This paper is manufactured without the use of chlorine or chlorine derivatives. It contains 20% post-consumer waste. CONTENTS Competitive Implications of Environmental Regulations Executive Summary ............................................ .i The Pulp and Paper Industry ...................................... .7 The Computer and Electronic Component Industry ....................... 119 The Paint and Coatings Industry ................................... 189 The Refrigerator Industry ....................................... 251 The Dry Cell Battery Industry .................................... 317 The Printing Ink Industry. ....................................... 357 DISCLAIMER Although prepared with EPA funding, this report has neither been reviewed nor approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for publication as an EPA report. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Executive Summary EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Competitive Implications of Environmental Regulation The following industry studies were conducted in 1993 and 1994 to examine the role that environmental regulations play in determining competitive advantage. The six industries -- paint and coatings, pulp and paper, computers and electronic components, refrigerators, batteries, and printing inks -- have three common characteristics. They are global industries, they face significant environmental challenges, and the U.S. is a leading producer. In aggregate, these industries comprise world sales of $160 billion per year. This project was a collaboration between the Management Institute for Environment and Business, Hochschule St.
  • Bosch-Geschäftsbericht 2020

    Bosch-Geschäftsbericht 2020

    146 Bosch-Geschäftsbericht 2020 ANTEILSBESITZ DER BOSCH–GRUPPE 31. Dezember 2020 1 Konsolidierungskreis Name der Gesellschaft Sitz Anteil am Kapital in % Deutschland Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Stuttgart AS Abwicklung Dritte Produktion GmbH i.L. Stuttgart 100,0 AS Abwicklung und Solar-Service Deutschland GmbH i.L. Stuttgart 100,0 AS Abwicklung und Solar-Service GmbH Stuttgart 100,0 AS Guss Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbH Stuttgart 100,0 Bosch Access Systems GmbH Würselen 100,0 1 Bosch Automotive Service Solutions GmbH Pollenfeld 100,0 1 Bosch Connected Devices and Solutions GmbH Reutlingen 100,0 1 Bosch Energy and Building Solutions GmbH Ditzingen 100,0 1 Bosch Engineering GmbH Abstatt 100,0 1 Bosch Healthcare Solutions GmbH Waiblingen 100,0 1 Bosch Hilfe GmbH Stuttgart 100,0 Bosch Industriekessel GmbH Gunzenhausen 100,0 1 Bosch KWK Systeme GmbH Lollar 100,0 1 Bosch Pensionsgesellschaft mbH Stuttgart 100,0 1 Bosch Power Tec GmbH Stuttgart 100,0 Bosch Rexroth AG Stuttgart 100,0 11,, 2 Bosch Rexroth Guss GmbH Lohr am Main 100,0 1 Bosch Rexroth Vermögensverwaltung GmbH Lohr am Main 100,0 1 Bosch Sensortec GmbH Kusterdingen 100,0 1 Bosch Service Solutions GmbH Stuttgart 100,0 1 Bosch Service Solutions Leipzig GmbH Leipzig 100,0 1 Bosch Service Solutions Magdeburg GmbH Magdeburg 100,0 1 Bosch Sicherheitssysteme Engineering GmbH Nürnberg 100,0 1 Bosch Sicherheitssysteme GmbH Stuttgart 100,0 11,, 2 Bosch Sicherheitssysteme Montage und Service GmbH Weimar 100,0 1 Bosch SoftTec GmbH Hildesheim 100,0 1 Bosch.IO GmbH Berlin 100,0 1 Bosch Solar Services GmbH Arnstadt 100,0 11,, 2 Bosch Solar Thin Film GmbH Arnstadt 100,0 1 Bosch Solarthermie GmbH Wettringen 100,0 1 Bosch Technology Licensing Administration GmbH Gerlingen 100,0 1 Bosch Telecom Holding GmbH Stuttgart 100,0 11,, 2 Bosch Thermotechnik GmbH Wetzlar 100,0 11,, 2 Bosch Wohnungsverwaltungsgesellschaft mbH & Co.
  • Besonders Sparsame Haushaltsgeräte 2006/07 Eine Verbraucherinformation

    Besonders Sparsame Haushaltsgeräte 2006/07 Eine Verbraucherinformation

    Besonders sparsame Haushaltsgeräte 2006/07 Eine Verbraucherinformation Kühl- und Gefrier- Bei Waschmaschinen verursacht ein um 20 Liter höherer geräte, Wasch- Wasserverbrauch in 15 Jahren 234 € an Mehrkosten. Bei u n d S p ü l m a - Kühl- und Gefriergeräten kosten 100 kWh jährlicher Mehr- schinen sowie verbrauch in 15 Jahren 225 € zusätzliche Stromkosten Waschtrockner zzgl. evtl. Preissteigerungen. Der sparsamste Tischkühl- und Wäschetrock- schrank mit */*** Sterne-Fach spart z.B. gegenüber dem ner sind Anschaf- am meisten Strom verbrauchenden Modell in 15 Jahren fungen für viele insgesamt rund 400 € an Stromkosten. Ein Mehrpreis Jahre. Neben gu- beim Kauf von z.B. 200 € ist insofern eine sehr rentable ter Leistung sol- Investition. len sie vor allem In diesem Faltblatt sind besonders sparsame Modelle zuverlässig sein üblicher Bauarten und Größenklassen zusammengestellt. und eine lange Le- Es soll als Orientierung dienen, wenn man auf niedrigen bensdauer haben. Strom- und Wasserverbrauch achten will. Seine Angaben Außerdem sollen basieren auf Marktdaten von August 2006. Falls Sie diese sie sparsam sein. Ein niedriger Strom- oder Wasserver- Broschüre erst wesentlich später lesen oder wenn Sie die brauch verursacht weniger Betriebskosten und entlastet von Ihnen gewünschten Informationen hier nicht finden, die Umwelt. Bei vielen Geräten sind die Betriebskosten schauen Sie im Internet auf www.spargeraete.de. In die- in ihrer Lebensdauer deutlich höher als ihr Kaufpreis. ser Online-Datenbank finden Sie das gesamte deutsche Besonders sparsame Geräte sparen deshalb im Laufe Lieferangebot auf dem jeweils aktuellsten Stand, der den der Jahre wesentlich mehr an Strom- und Wasserkosten Verfassern dieser Broschüre bekannt ist. ein, als sie bei der Anschaffung teurer sind.
  • Ddata Protection Notice for the Applicant Management Process At

    Ddata Protection Notice for the Applicant Management Process At

    Data protection notice for the applicant management process at Bosch Group We want you on our team! In this privacy notice, we inform you how your personal data is processed in the applicant management process at Bosch Group. Additionally we inform you about your rights under applicable data privacy laws. Bosch respects your privacy Protecting your personal data and ensuring the security of all our business data are important concerns for us. We always consider these concerns in our business processes. The personal data collected when you apply online is treated confidentially and strictly in accordance with the statutory provisions. Data privacy and information security are an integral part of our corporate policy. Data controller The Bosch Group legal entity to which you submit your application using the application management system is responsible for processing your data. You will find the contact details of that legal entity in the job advertisement in the application management system. The respective addresses of the Bosch legal entities can also be found in the Annex 1 of this data privacy notice. Data categories processed The following are the main categories of personal data processed: - Master data (e.g. name, date of birth, nationality, place of residence) - Documents (e.g. references, certificates, résumés) - Education and training details (e.g. data about school education, university, professional qualification) - Organizational data in case of internal applications (e.g. personnel number, cost center, department) - Claims for travel expenses (e.g. bank account details) - Communication data (e.g. e-mail address, (cell) phone number, IT user ID, audio and film recordings) - Audio visual recording in the selection process for the Junior Managers Program (JMP) - Log data recorded while using IT systems These may also include special categories of personal data such as health data, details about religion or trade union membership etc.
  • IN the UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT for the EASTERN DISTRICT of VIRGINIA RICHMOND DIVISION ) in Re

    IN the UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT for the EASTERN DISTRICT of VIRGINIA RICHMOND DIVISION ) in Re

    Case 21-30209-KRH Doc 349 Filed 03/26/21 Entered 03/26/21 21:03:19 Desc Main Document Page 1 of 172 IN THE UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF VIRGINIA RICHMOND DIVISION ) In re: ) Chapter 11 ) ALPHA MEDIA HOLDINGS LLC, et al.,1 ) Case No. 21-30209 (KRH) ) Debtors. ) (Jointly Administered) ) CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE I, Julian A. Del Toro, depose and say that I am employed by Stretto, the claims and noticing agent for the Debtors in the above-captioned cases. On March 15, 2021, at my direction and under my supervision, employees of Stretto caused the following document to be served via first-class mail on the service list attached hereto as Exhibit A, and via electronic mail on the service list attached hereto as Exhibit B: • Notice of Filing of Plan Supplement (Docket No. 296) Furthermore, on March 15, 2021, at my direction and under my supervision, employees of Stretto caused the following document to be served via first-class mail on the service list attached hereto as Exhibit C: • Notice of Filing of Plan Supplement (Docket No. 296 – Notice Only) Dated: March 26, 2021 /s/Julian A. Del Toro Julian A. Del Toro STRETTO 410 Exchange, Suite 100 Irvine, CA 92602 Telephone: 855-395-0761 Email: [email protected] 1 The Debtors in these chapter 11 cases, along with the last four digits of each debtor’s federal tax identification number, are: Alpha Media Holdings LLC (3634), Alpha Media USA LLC (9105), Alpha 3E Corporation (0912), Alpha Media LLC (5950), Alpha 3E Holding Corporation (9792), Alpha Media Licensee LLC (0894), Alpha Media Communications Inc.
  • Wir Bieten Preiswerte Reparaturen Von Heizungsregler, Schaltuhren, Raumgeräte,Mischerantriebe U.Ä. Sämtliche Kataloge Mit

    Wir Bieten Preiswerte Reparaturen Von Heizungsregler, Schaltuhren, Raumgeräte,Mischerantriebe U.Ä. Sämtliche Kataloge Mit

    Wir bieten preiswerte Reparaturen von Heizungsregler, Schaltuhren, Raumgeräte,Mischerantriebe u.ä. Sämtliche Kataloge mit den häufigsten Regler und Geräten die wir reparieren, finden Sie auf unserer Website: Klicken Sie hier => http://www.zsr-gmbh.ch/ Kontakt ZSR Steuer und Regeltechnik GmbH Heimeliweg 7 Postfach 1160 CH -6370 Stans -Oberdorf E-Mail: [email protected] Tel: +41 (0)41 610 28 78 Auf nachfolgende Seiten finden Sie die Namen aller Geräte, die von uns erfolgreich repariert wurden: *VSA*LC 03 P/7 Softanlasser ABUS TYP M20 0080,type SNODE S SILENTSOFT ACR 12.341/ALG 04/38/ACS/292 Platine ACR 12.441/ALG Fan- Coil Siemens 05-120850010285 easy ACR12.441/ALG 05-895-555-S Bedienterminal Touch ACS/292 Kamin belüftung 068.8678.175.00 Acvatix SQX32 068.8678.177.00 Schaltuhr Adolph Saurer AG 1 EG 86 A ADS-A/T 900103 1 EG 86 B AEBI Ventilsteuerung FT 48981.01 (A1) 1 EG86 A AEG Heizungsregler 1 EG86 B AEG E-Nr.615349020 Modell: Rti 1 EG86A AEG E22 ZMP Heizungsregler 1 EG86B AEG E22MP 1141500 N Softanlasser AEG E22MP 1192513 12NC46197102322 Tubler Platine AEG Elfamatic B1 12700500 ESBE AB AEG Elfamatic uC 2100 132 70-004 AEG Elfamatic ZW 1 19032-8 747 208 038 AEG Elfamatic ZW 10 1EG86A AEG Elfamatic ZW1 1EG86B AEG Elfatherm E1M 1FA-4-M4A0-163-00 Lüftungsmotor AEG Elfatherm E22 2 WR 1 Siemens 230/017401 AEG Elfatherm M 2-F30-10-113 AEG Elfatherm M 30 2791024 RM/1QTUZH-VAR-B6 AEG Münzzeitzähler Form S2Z1 2Q250 Landis&Staefa AEG Münzzeitzähler S2Z1 315 2668 ELUX CH AEG S15 BE 321 970 / RST 231 HR 160 AEG Schaltuhr Art.Nr.24616 3404850 IM 05
  • Strom Und Wasser Sparen Lohnt Sich

    Strom Und Wasser Sparen Lohnt Sich

    StromStrom undund WasserWasser sparensparen lohntlohnt sichsich Besonders sparsame Haushaltsgeräte 1999 Eine Verbraucherinformation Kühl- und Gefriergeräte, Wasch- und Spülmaschinen so- und ein um 20 Liter höherer Wasserverbrauch kostet in wie Wäschetrockner sind Anschaffungen für viele Jahre. 15 Jahren vermeidbare 374 DM. Tischkühlschränke ohne Neben guter Leistung sollen sie vor allem zuverlässig Sternefach verbrauchen z.B. sein und eine lange Lebensdauer haben. Außerdem sol- zwischen 0,29 und 0,81 kWh len sie sparsam sein. Ein niedriger Strom- oder Wasser- pro Tag. Diese Differenz von verbrauch bewirkt nicht nur weniger Umweltbelastung, 0,52 kWh pro Tag macht in sondern spart auch Betriebskosten. Bei vielen Geräten 15 Jahren 854 DM zusätzli- sind die Betriebskosten in ih- che Stromkosten aus. Das ist rer Lebensdauer deutlich hö- wesentlich mehr als die ca. her als ihr Kaufpreis. Beson- 300 DM, die ein besonders ders sparsame Geräte kön- sparsames Gerät beim Kauf nen deshalb im Lauf der Jah- mehr kostet. re wesentlich mehr an Strom- In diesem Faltblatt sind be- und Wasserkosten einsparen, sonders sparsame Modelle als sie bei der Anschaffung üblicher Bauarten und Grö- teurer sind. ßenklassen zusammenge- In Deutschland werden 1999 stellt. Es soll Menschen, die im Handel etwa 2300 Kühl- auf niedrigen Strom- und und Gefriergeräte, 680 Wasserverbrauch achten Waschmaschinen, 530 Spül- wollen, als Orientierung maschinen, 200 Wäsche- beim Gerätekauf dienen. trockner und 75 Waschtrockner angeboten. Darunter gibt Sparsamkeit und Euro-Label Seite 2 es einige besonders sparsame Modelle, viele mit mittle- Kühlschränke Seite 3 ren und ebenfalls viele mit sehr hohen Strom- und Was- Gefriergeräte Seite 9 serverbräuchen. Waschmaschinen Seite 11 Waschtrockner Seite 12 Die Verbrauchsunterschiede erscheinen oft als "Stellen Trockner Seite 13 hinter dem Komma".