JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE RESEARCH Journal homepage: www.jakraya.com/journal/jwr

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Diversity in Two Selected Fringe Area of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, , With Notes on Some Important Sightings

A Payra 1*, G N Das 1, B Boruah 1, S K Dash 1, U P Das 2 and J Sethy 2

1Department of Wildlife and Biodiversity Conservation, 2Department of Zoology, North Orissa University, Takatpur, Baripada-757003, Odisha, India

Abstract Among the , are the most taxonomically studied *Corresponding Author: group and play key role in ecosystem as pollinators and bio-indicator

Arajush Payra species. A total of 136 species of butterflies belonging to 87 genera representing 5 families were recorded from two selected study sites in the Email: [email protected] fringe area of Similipal Biosphere Reserve during January 2014 to November 2015. Family was dominant with 44 species, followed by (42 species), Hesperiidae (22 species), Received: 11/02/2016 Papilionidae (14 species) and Pieridae (14 species). Out of these 136 species, 15 species are protected under the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act Revised: 27/03/2016 (1972). The paper also shows some rare and important sightings of

butterflies during the study period. Accepted: 02/04/2016

Keywords : Butterfly, Diversity, Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Species.

1. Introduction 106 species of butterflies reported by Nair (2007). The Similipal Biosphere Reserve (Latitude Sethy and Jana (2009) reported 50 species of butterflies 20 ⁰17 ′to 22 ⁰34 ′ N and Longitude 85 ⁰40 ′ to 87 ⁰10 ′ E) from Gudgudia range, Nair (2011) mentioned that 188 with an area of 5569 km 2 located in the central part of species of butterflies found in Similipal Tiger Reserve. Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. This Biosphere Reserve Hence an attempt has been made to update and is surrounded by the states West and Jharkhand document the butterfly fauna in the fringe area of at the North-East and North-West respectively, and at Similipal Biosphere Reserve. its East and South-West border placed Balasor and Keonjhar district. It falls under the biotic province of 2. Methodology Chhotanagpur plateau. The altitude of the Biosphere To accomplish the present study following two Reserve varies from 40 m to 1200 m. Humidity also study sites were selected in the fringe area of SBR, varies from 70% to 100%. It experience tropical these are Site 1- Sitakund (Lat 21 ⁰55 ′ N and Long climate with temperatures ranging from 2 ⁰-15 ⁰C in 86 ⁰34 ′ E) and Site 2- Lulung (Lat 21 ⁰57 ′ N and winter and 30 ⁰-45 ⁰C in summer. The annual rainfall is 86 ⁰34 ′E). Sitakund and Lulung both are located in the about 2200mm. Similipal with its unique and diverse Pithabata Range of SBR. Vegetation of these area forest type such as dry deciduous, moist deciduous and mainly dominated by , Michelia semi evergreen forest harbours rich and endemic faunal champaka , Pterocarpus marsupium , Terminalia diversity. The faunal composition including 55 species tomentosa , Bauhinia vahlii etc. The Palpala River at of mammals, 304 species of birds, 60 species of Lulng and the streams of Sitakund Waterfall provides reptiles, 21 species of amphibians and 38 species fishes suitable habitats for butterflies. These two sites are also (Dutta et al., 2009). The floral and faunal diversity of well known tourist place of the State Odisha. The Similipal represent some similarities with the elements magnificent Waterfall and the scenic beauty of Palpala from the Himalayan, Western Ghats and Northeast River, enchanting hills attract many tourists and India (Saxena and Brahmam, 1989; Nair, 2011). naturalist from all over the country. In Similipal Biosphere Reserve, only a few Samplings of butterflies were conducted from studies have been carried out on butterfly fauna by January 2014 to November 2015. Butterflies were different workers. The ZSI (1995) first reported only 5 observed during day times from 09.00 am to 03.00 pm species of butterflies belonging to two families. Sahu et by using variation of the pollard method (Pollard, 1997; al . (2006) reported 21 species from Chahala Range, Pollard and Yates, 1993). Entomological net also used -

Journal of Wildlife Research | April-June, 2016 | Vol 4 | Issue 2 | Pages 17-25 © 2016 Jakraya Publications (P) Ltd Payra et al…Butterfly Diversity in Two Selected Fringe Area of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India, With Notes on Some Important Sightings

Fig 1: Location of the selected study areas

50 45 40 35 30 25 Papilionidae 20 15 Pieridae No. Of species Of No. 10 Lycaenidae 5 0 Nymphalidae Hesperiidae

Family

Fig 2: Number of observed butterfly species in different families without harming any specimen and specimen collection 3. Results was not adopted in this present study. Photographs In the present study a total of 136 species of were taken in the wild by using Nikon D3200 and butterfly belonging to 87 genera representing five Nikon D5200 camera. Butterflies were identified using families were recorded during the study period from available literature of Moore (1850 -1905), Evans the two selected study sites (Table 1). The most (1932), Antram (1924) and photographic guide book of abundant family was Nymphalidae (with 44 species) Kehimkar (2008) and Haribal (1992). followed by Lycaenidae (with 42 species), Hesperiidae

Journal of Wildlife Research | April -June, 2016 | Vol 4 | Issue 2 | Pages 17-25 © 2016 Jakraya Publications (P) Ltd 18 Payra et al…Butterfly Diversity in Two Selected Fringe Area of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India, With Notes on Some Important Sightings

(with 22 species), Papilionidae (with 14 species) and Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan. It is known as a Pieridae (with 14 species) (Table 1-2). Out of the two common species (Kehimkar, 2008). study sites, site-1 supported maximum number of butterflies (126 species belonging to 82 genera) and Gandaca harina , Tree Yellow (Fig 3 C): This species site-2 contain 119 species belonging to 82 genera of was encountered many times during the study period. five families. In this present study we also find out that, But according to Evans (1932) this species is rare and of the total recorded butterfly species 110 species were to Kehimkar (2008) it is not rare. In India this species found in both sites. There are 17 species of butterflies distributed from to Arunachal, Odisha, and (Graphium eurypylus , Curetis acuta , Atrophaneura Northeast India. hector, noreia , Zizeeria karsandra , Spindasis lohita , , Hypolimnas misippus , hewitsoni , Common Gem (Fig 3 D): Only a cocles , clinia , columella , Euripus single male was sighted on 25 th November, 2015, near consimilis , eudamippus , Badamia the Palpala River of Lulung (site-2). It treated as not exclamationis , Bibasis sena , Tagiades gana , Cupitha rare by Evans (1932). This species distributed from purreea ) only confined to site-1 and on the other hand Odisha, Uttaranchal to , Nepal and 10 species ( Belenois aurota , Spalgis epeus , Poritia Burma. hewitsoni , Anthene lycaenina , , Euploea klugii , Orsotriaena medus , Lasippaviraja , Curetis acuta , Toothed Sunbeam (Fig 3 E): This is monina , Euthalia lubentina ) were found in site-2 also a very rare species in our study area, as we had during the study period. Such butterflies may be encountered a single male from Sitakund Waterfall on regarded as the site specific species due to their 11 th May, 2015. This species is ranges from South- microclimate preference (Erhardt, 1985). Diversity and West India to South Gujarat, Odisha, Jharkhand, NE distribution of butterflies is greatly influenced by the India, Bangladesh and Burma. As per Evans (1932) it is availability of larval food plants, nectering plants, common. vegetation cover of herbs and shrubs (Thomas 1995; Kunte, 2000). Nacaduba berenice , Rounded Sixlineblue (Fig 3 F): In the study area, none of the butterfly species It was recorded many times from the study area. It are found to be globally threatened. However, 15 of the seems to be common in the month of November in recorded 135 butterfly species are legally protected study sites. As per Kehimkar (2008) it is not rare. The under the Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 distribution of this species is SW India to South (Anonymus, 1997). Of these two (Atrophaneura hector , Karnataka, Andaman and Nicobar Island, NE India, Sri Prosotas noreia ) are schedule I, ten species ( Lampides Lanka, Bangladesh and . boeticus , Poritia hewitsoni , Anthene lycaenina , Spindasis lohita , Rapala varuna , Hypolimnas misippus , Prosotas noreia , White-tipped Lineblue (Fig 3 G): A Cyrestis cocles , , lepidea , single individual was recorded Sitakund Waterfall on Bibasis sena ) are schedule II, three ( Appias libythea , 4th April, 2015. It was mud puddling along with the Euthalia lubentina , Baoris farri ) are schedule IV Prosotas nora butterflies. According to Evans (1932) species (Table 1). and Kehimkar (2008) it is a rare species. This butterfly distributed from South-West India to North 3.1 Notes on Some Important Sightings Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu, Madhya Pradesh, Kumaon, Arunachal Pradesh, NE India and Graphium eurypylus , Great Jay (Fig 3 A): Two Burma to N Shan states and North Tavoy individuals were recorded on 18 th august, 2014, while they were mud puddling with Graphium doson , Hypolimnas misippus , Danaid Eggfly: One male Graphium sarpedon , Graphium antiphates . This individual was encountered on 8th November, 2014, species distributed from Sikkim to Arunachal Pradesh, from site-1. According to Kehimkar (2008) it is a Northeast India, Burma, and Andaman (Kehimkar, common species and it is distributed in all India, Sri 2008; Evans, 1932). According to Evans (1932) and Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Kehimkar (2008) this species is not rare. Cyrestis cocles , Marbled Map (Fig 3 H): This is a Belenois aurota , Pioneer (Fig 3 B):During July 2015, very rare species in the study area. A single individual three individuals were encountered near Lulung (site- was sighted on 5 th September, 2014. It is distributed 2). Except Northeast part, the species distributed from from Odisha, Jharkhand, Sikkim to Arunachal and NE all India to Himalaya. It also found in , India. As per Evans (1932) it considered as a rare species.

Journal of Wildlife Research | April-June, 2016 | Vol 4 | Issue 2 | Pages 17-25 © 2016 Jakraya Publications (P) Ltd 19 Payra et al…Butterfly Diversity in Two Selected Fringe Area of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India, With Notes on Some Important Sightings

Table 1: Checklist of Butterflies in two selected study area

Sl. No Family/Scientific Name/Common Name IWPA Site Site Status 1 2 Family Papilionidae 1. Graphium sarpedon (Common Bluebottle) + + 2. Graphium doson (Common Jay) + + 3. Graphium eurypylus (Great Jay) + - 4. Graphium agamemnon (Tailed Jay) + + 5. Graphium nomius (Spot Swordtail) + + 6. Graphium antiphates (Fivebar Swordtail) + + 7. Papilio polymnestor (Blue Mormon) + + 8. Papilio crino (Common Banded Peacock) + + 9. Papilio nephelus (Yellow Helen) + + 10. Papilio polytes (Common Mormon) + + 11. Papilio demoleus (Lime Butterfly) + + 12. Papilio clytia (Common Mime) + + 13. Atrophaneura hector (Crimson Rose) Sch I (PartIV) + - 14. Atrophaneura aristolochiae (Common Rose) + + Family Pieridae 15. Cepora nerissa (Common Gull) + + 16. Belenois aurota (Pioneer) - + 17. Delias eucharis (Common Jezebel) + + 18. Appias libythea (Striped Albatross) Sch IV + + 19. Leptosia nina (Psyche) + + 20. Pareronia hippia (Common Wanderer) + + 21. Catopsilia pomona (Common/Lemon Emigrant) + + 22. Catopsilia pyranthe (Mottled Emigrant) + + 23. Gandaca harina (Tree Yellow) + + 24. Eurema brigitta (Small Grass Yellow) + + 25. Eurema laeta (Spotless Grass Yellow) + + 26. Eurema andersonii (Onespot Grass Yellow) + + 27. Eurema blanda (Threespot Grass Yellow) + + 28. Eurema hecabe (Common Grass Yellow) + + Family Lycaenidae 29. Abisara echerius (Plum Judy) + + 30. Spalgis epeus (Apefly) - + 31. Poritia hewitsoni (Common Gem) Sch II (Part II) - + 32. Curetis thetis (Indian Sunbeam) + + 33. Curetis acuta (Toothed Sunbeam) + - 34. Petrelaea dana (Dingy Lineblue) + + 35. Prosotas nora (Common Lineblue) + + 36. Prosotas dubiosa (Tailless Lineblue) + + 37. Nacaduba berenice (Rounded Sixlineblue) + + 38. Prosotas noreia (White-tipped Lineblue) Sch I (Part IV) + - 39. Caleta decidia (Angled Pierrot) + + 40. Caleta elna (Elbowed Pierrot) + + 41. Jamides bochus (Dark Cerulean) + + 42. Jamides celeno (Common Cerulean) + + 43. Catochrysops strabo (Forgetmenot) + + 44. Lampides boeticus (Pea Blue) Sch II (Part II) + + 45. Leptotes plinius (Zebra Blue) + + 46. Castalius rosimon (Common Pierrot) + + 47. Zizeeria karsandra (Dark Grass Blue) + -

Journal of Wildlife Research | April-June, 2016 | Vol 4 | Issue 2 | Pages 17-25 © 2016 Jakraya Publications (P) Ltd 20 Payra et al…Butterfly Diversity in Two Selected Fringe Area of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India, With Notes on Some Important Sightings

48. Zizeeria maha (Pale Grass Blue) + + 49. Zizina otis (Lesser Grass Blue) + + 50. Zizula hylax (Tiny Grass Blue) + + 51. Everes lacturnus (Indian Cupid) + + 52. Neopithecops zalmora (Quaker) + + 53. Megisba malaya (Malayan) + + 54. Acytolepis puspa (Common Hedge Blue) + + 55. Chilades lajus (Lime Blue) + + 56. Chilades pandava (Plains Cupid) + + 57. Freyeria trochylus (Grass Jewel) + + 58. Anthene emolus (Ciliate Blue) + + 59. Anthene lycaenina (Pointed Ciliate Blue) Sch II (Part II) - + 60. Spindasis vulcanus (Common Silverline) + + 61. Spindasis lohita (Long-banded Silverline) Sch II (Part II) + - 62. Arhopala atrax (Indian Oakblue) + + 63. Arhopala amantes (Large Oakblue) + + 64. Amblypodia anita (Purple Leaf Blue) + + 65. Loxura atymnus (Yamfly) + + 66. Rathinda amor (Monkeypuzzle) + + 67. Zeltus amasa (Fluffy Tit) + + 68. Rapala varuna (Indigo Flash) Sch II (Part II) - + 69. (Slate Flash) + + 70. Rapala iarbus (Indian Red Flash) + - Family Nymphalidae 71. Tirumala limniace (Blue Tiger) + + 72. Danaus genutia (Common Tiger) + + 73. Danaus chrysippus (Plain Tiger) + + 74. Euploea core (Common Indian Crow) + + 75. Euploea klugii (King Crow) - + 76. Melanitis leda (Common Evening Brown) + + 77. Elymnias hypermnestra (Common Palmfly) + + 78. Mycalesis perseus (Common Bushbrown) + + 79. Orsotriaena medus (Nigger) - + 80. Ypthima huebneri (Common Fourring) + + 81. Ariadne ariadne (Angled Castor) + + 82. Ariadne merione (Common Castor) + + 83. Phalanta phalantha (Common Leopard) + + 84. Vagrans egista (Vagrant) + + 85. Junonia hierta (Yellow Pansy) + + 86. Junonia orithya (Blue Pansy) + + 87. Junonia lemonias (Lemon Pansy) + + 88. Junonia almana (Peacock Pansy) + + 89. Junonia atlites (Grey Pansy) + + 90. Junonia iphita (Chocolate Soldier) + + 91. Kallima inachus (Orange Oakleaf) + + 92. Hypolimnas bolina (Great Eggfly) + + 93. Hypolimnas misippus (Danaid Eggfly) Sch II (Part II) + - 94. Cyrestis cocles (Marbled Map) Sch II (Part II) + - 95. Cyrestis thyodamas (Common Map) + + 96. (Clear Sailer) + - 97. (Common Sailer) + + 98. Phaedyma columella (Short-banded Sailer) + - 99. (Chestnut-streaked Sailer) + + 100. hordonia (Common Lascar) + + 101. Lasippaviraja (Yellowjack Sailer) - +

Journal of Wildlife Research | April-June, 2016 | Vol 4 | Issue 2 | Pages 17-25 © 2016 Jakraya Publications (P) Ltd 21 Payra et al…Butterfly Diversity in Two Selected Fringe Area of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India, With Notes on Some Important Sightings

102. perius (Common Sergeant) + + 103. Moduza procris (Commander) + + 104. Euthalia nais (Baronet) + + 105. Euripus consimilis (Painted Courtesan) Sch II (Part II) + - 106. Euthalia monina (Powdered Baron) - + 107. Euthalia aconthea (Baron) + + 108. Euthalia lubentina (Gaudy Baron) Sch IV - + 109. Polyura athamas (Common Nawab) + + 110. Polyura eudamippus (Great Nawab) + - 111. Charaxes psaphon (Plain Tawny Rajah) + + 112. Charaxes solon (Black Rajah) + + 113. Acraea violae (Tawny Coster) + + 114. Tanaecia lepidea (Grey Count) Sch II (Part II) + + Family Hesperiidae 115. Hasora chromus (Common Banded Awl) + + 116. Badamia exclamationis (Brown Awl) + - 117. Bibasis sena (Orangetail Awl) Sch II (Part II) + - 118. leucocera (Common Spotted Flat) + + 119. Sarangesa dasahara (Common Small Flat) + + 120. Coladenia indrani (Tricolour Pied Flat) + + 121. Tagiades japetus (Common Snow Flat) + + 122. Tagiades gana (Suffused Snow Flat) + - 123. Caprona ransonnetii (Golden Angle) + + 124. Tagiades litigiosa (Water Snow Flat) + + 125. Iambrix salsala (Chestnut Bob) + + 126. Notocrypta paralysos (Common Banded Demon) + + 127. Suastus gremius (Indian Palm Bob) + + 128. Matapa aria (Common Redeye) + + 129. Oriens goloides (Ceylon Dartlet) + + 130. Telicota bambusae (Dark Palm Dart) + + 131. Parnara guttata (Straight Swift) + + 132. Pelopidas sp + - 133. Pelopidas mathias (Small Branded Swift) + + 134. Baoris farri (Paintbrush Swift) Sch IV + + 135. Caltoris kumara (Blank Swift) + + 136. Cupitha purreea (Wax Dart) + - + = presence, - = absence

Lasippaviraja, Yellowjack Sailer (Fig 3 I): Near the Euthalia monina , Powdered Baron (Fig 3 K): We streams of Sitakund Waterfall (site-1) a single recorded this species two times from Lulung region individual was recorded on 21 st November, 2014. This (site-2). First we encountered a female on 9 th species ranges from SW India to N Kanara, Odisha, NE September and on the other hand a male was spotted on India, and Andaman. It is regarded as not rare by 8th November, 2015. It is found in NE India, Sikkim to Kehimkar (2008). Arunachal Pradesh, Nepal, Bangladesh and Myanmar. As per Evans (1932) and Kehimkar (2008) it is Euripus consimilis , Painted Courtesan (Fig 3 J): A common. female was Sighted only once near Sitakund Waterfall (site-1) on 5 th September, 2014. According to Evans Polyura eudamippus , Great Nawab (Fig 3 L):A (1932) and Kehimkar (2008) it is a rare species. It is single individual was recorded on 25 th March, 2015, distributed from SW India to Goa, NE India, Nepal, near the Sitakund Waterfall (site-1). This species found , and Myanmar. in Odisha, Uttaranchal to Arunachal Pradesh, NE India and Burma. It treated as not rare by Evans (1932).

Journal of Wildlife Research | April-June, 2016 | Vol 4 | Issue 2 | Pages 17-25 © 2016 Jakraya Publications (P) Ltd 22 Payra et al…Butterfly Diversity in Two Selected Fringe Area of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India, With Notes on Some Important Sightings

Fig 3: Photographs of some selected butterfly species observed during the study period. A- Graphium eurypylus , B-Belenois aurota , C- Gandaca harina , D- Poritia hewitsoni , E- Curetis acuta , F- Nacaduba berenice , G- Prosotas noreia ,H- Cyrestis cocles , I- Lasippaviraja , J- Euripus consimilis , K- Euthalia monina , L- Polyura eudamippus , M- Celaenorrhinus leucocera , N- Cupitha purreea

Journal of Wildlife Research | April-June, 2016 | Vol 4 | Issue 2 | Pages 17-25 © 2016 Jakraya Publications (P) Ltd 23 Payra et al…Butterfly Diversity in Two Selected Fringe Area of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India, With Notes on Some Important Sightings

Bibasis sena , Orangetail Awl: One individual was The present study revealed the existence of good sighted on 16 th August, 2015, from Sitakund Waterfall diversity of butterflies in the selected study sites. In (site-1). As per Evans (1932) and Kehimkar (2008) it is general both the study sites were more or less similar in a rare species. It is distributed from SW India to North butterfly diversity. However, Sitakund waterfall (site-1) Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Shimla to Arunachal was found to be rich in diversity as compared to the Pradesh, NE India and Burma. Lulung area (site-2). But these beautifully coloured wings insects need immediate protection. As Sitakund Celaenorrhinus leucocera , Common Spotted Flat Waterfall (site-1) and Lulung (site-2) areas are well (Fig 3 M): Two times this species was encountered known tourist place of the state. Due to the tourist’s from both study sites. First time spotted it from activities such as picnics, releases of plastics and other Sitakund Waterfall (site-1) on 25 th August, 2014 and non-degradable materials at the study sites, the Second sighting was occurred from Lulung (site-2) on microhabitats of butterflies are being destroyed. Beside 8th November, 2015. This species is ranges from S this, cutting trees also a major disturbance for India to S Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, butterflies. Therefore public awareness is required to Odisha, and Kashmir to Arunachal Pradesh, NE India, conserve and protect these butterflies and their habitats Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar and Bangladesh. According within two study sites. Moreover, the presence of 14 to Evans (1932) and Kehimkar (2008) it is common protected (IWPA) butterfly species in the study area species. makes it an important butterfly habitat in the state. Therefore, there is an immediate need to implement Cupitha purreea , Wax Dart (Fig 3 N): This species proper conservation strategies and management was encountered for three times from Sitakund programmes for butterflies. Waterfall. First sighting was occurred on 4 th August, second was on 7 th September and third sighting was on Acknowledgement th 8 November of 2014. This species is distributed from Authors are thankful to Isaac Kehimkar, Peter SW India to S Karnataka, Maharashtra, Jharkhand, Smetacek and Monsoon Jyoti Gogoi for their valuable Andaman and NE India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh suggestion and reconfirmation of species during the and Myanmar. It is a rare species (Kehimkar, 2008). study period. We are also thankful to Sandip Mondal for the preparation of map. 4. Conclusion

References Anonymous (1997). The Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972. Moore F (1893-1896). Indica. Part-II. Lovell, Natraj Publishers, Dehradun, pp 235. Reeve and Co. Ltd ., London, pp 274. Antram CB (1924) . Butterflies of India . Mittal Publication , Moore F (1896-1899). Lepidoptera Indica. Part-III. Lovell, New Delhi, India, pp 226. Reeve and Co. Ltd ., London, pp 254. Dutta SK, Nair MV, Mohapatra PP and Mahapatra AK Moore F (1899-1900). Lepidoptera Indica. Part-IV. Lovell, (2009).Amphibians and Reptiles of Similipal Biosphere Reeve and Co. Ltd ., London, pp 260. Reserve. Regional Plant Research Centre, Moore F (1901-1903). Lepidoptera Indica. Part-V. Lovell, Bhubaneswar, Orissa , pp 174. Reeve and Co. Ltd ., London, pp 248. Erhardt A (1985). Diurnal Lepidoptera: sensitive indicators of Moore F (1903-1905). Lepidoptera Indica. Part-VI. Lovell, cultivated and abandoned grassland. Journal of Applied Reeve and Co. Ltd ., London, pp 240. Ecology , 22: 849-862. Nair MV (2007). Butterflies of Similipal Tiger Reserve: A Evans WH (1932). The Identification of Indian Butterflies preliminary study on species diversity, species (Revised II Edition). Bombay Natural History Society , composition and habitat preference. e-planet , 5(1):76- Mumbai, pp 454. 81. Haribal M (1992). The Butterflies of Sikkim Himalaya and Nair MV (2011). Three new butterfly records for peninsular their Natural History, Sikkim. Nature Conservation India: Dusky Yellow-breasted Flat Gerosis phisara Foundation, Gangtok, Sikkim, pp 217. (Moore) (Hesperiidae), Common Gem Poritia Kehimkar I (2008). The Book of Indian Butterflies. Bombay hewitsoni Moore (Lycaenidae) and Great Nawab Natural History Society and Oxford University Press, Polyura eudamippus (Doubleday) (Nymphalidae) from pp 497. Similipal Hills, Odisha, India. Journal of Threatened Kunte K (2000). Butterflies of Peninsular India. Indian Taxa, 3(3): 1624-1628. Academy of Sciences (Bangalore) and Universities Pollard E (1977). A method for assessing changes in the Press (Hyderabad), pp 254. abundance of butterflies. Biological Conservation, 12: Moore F (1890-1892). Lepidoptera Indica. Part -I. Lovell, 115-153. Reeve and Co. Ltd ., London, pp 317.

Journal of Wildlife Research | April-June, 2016 | Vol 4 | Issue 2 | Pages 17-25 © 2016 Jakraya Publications (P) Ltd 24 Payra et al…Butterfly Diversity in Two Selected Fringe Area of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India, With Notes on Some Important Sightings

Pollard E and Yates TJ (1993). Monitoring Butterflies for Sethy J and Jena J (2009). Notes on Butterflies of Gudgudia Ecology and Conservation. Chapman and Hall, range of Similipal Tiger Reseve, Orissa, India. Indian London, pp 274. Forester , 135(10): 1442-1445. Sahu HK, Jena J, Dutta SK and Rout SD (2006). Common Thomas JA (1995). The ecology and conservation of butterflies of Chahala Range of Similipal Tiger Maculineaarion and other European species of large Reserve, Orissa, India. Indian Forester , 132(10): 1363- blue butterfly. In Ecology and Conservation of 1366. Butterflies (Ed. A.S. Pullin). Chapman and Hall, Saxena HO and Brahmam M (1989). The Flora of Similipal London , pp 180-210. Hills, Orissa. Regional Research Laboratory, ZSI (1995). Fauna of Conservation Areas, No. 8: Fauna of Bhubaneswar, pp 231. Similipal Tiger Reserve: Zoological Survey of India , pp 105-127.

Journal of Wildlife Research | April-June, 2016 | Vol 4 | Issue 2 | Pages 17-25 © 2016 Jakraya Publications (P) Ltd 25