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Das Konnektom Des Thalamus Der Laborratte

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Das Konnektom Des Thalamus Der Laborratte Aus dem Institut für Anatomie der Universität Rostock Direktor: Prof. Dr. med. Dr. rer. nat. M. Kipp Das Konnektom des Thalamus der Laborratte Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor der Medizin der Universitätsmedizin Universität Rostock vorgelegt von Felix Lessmann Rostock, 2019 Dekan: Prof. Dr. med. E. Reisinger https://doi.org/10.18453/rosdok_id00003133 Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter einer Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Lizenz. Dekan: Prof. Dr. med. E. Reisinger 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Oliver Schmitt, Anatomie Universitätsmedizin Rostock 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Johannes Prudlo Neurologie Universitätsmedizin Rostock 3. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Gustav Jirikowski Anatomie Universitätsklinikum Jena Jahr der Einreichung: 2020 Jahr der Verteidigung: 2021 Inhaltsverzeichnis I Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis ........................................................................................................................... I Abkürzungsverzeichnis ................................................................................................................IV 1 Einleitung ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Konnektom ........................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Tract-tracing ......................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Nicht-Tracer basierte Methoden zur Erfassung von Konnektivitäten .................................. 5 1.4 Anatomische Feinstruktur der verschiedenen Regionen des Thalamus ............................... 6 1.4.1 Das Corpus geniculatum laterale des visuellen Systems ..................................................... 7 1.4.2 Der ventroposteriore Komplex des Thalamus ..................................................................... 8 1.4.3 Der posteriore nucleus des Thalamus .................................................................................. 9 1.4.4 Die ventroposteriore parvicelluläre Region ......................................................................... 9 1.4.5 Medial geniculate Nucleus ................................................................................................... 9 1.4.6 Die ventral anterioren und ventral lateralen Nuclei ........................................................... 10 1.4.7 Der ventromediale Nucleus ................................................................................................ 10 1.4.8 Der mediodorsale Nucleus ................................................................................................. 10 1.4.9 Der submediale Nucleus .................................................................................................... 11 1.4.10 Die anterioren Nuclei ......................................................................................................... 11 1.4.11 Die lateralen Nuclei ........................................................................................................... 11 1.4.12 Die intralaminären Nuclei .................................................................................................. 11 1.4.13 Die midline Nuclei ............................................................................................................. 12 1.4.14 Die reticulären Nuclei ........................................................................................................ 13 1.5 Pathophysiologie ................................................................................................................ 13 1.6 Fragestellungen .................................................................................................................. 14 2 Material und Methoden ................................................................................................... 15 2.1 Material .............................................................................................................................. 15 2.2 NeuroVIISAS ..................................................................................................................... 16 2.3 Literaturauswertung ........................................................................................................... 17 2.4 Tabellen ............................................................................................................................. 20 Inhaltsverzeichnis II 2.5 Regionenauswahl für Konnektivitätsanalysen ................................................................... 22 2.6 Konvention zur Bezeichnung von Hirnregionen ............................................................... 25 2.7 Visualisierung in Grafiken ................................................................................................. 25 2.8 Graphen und Netzwerke .................................................................................................... 28 3 Ergebnisse ......................................................................................................................... 32 3.1 Ausgewertete Publikationen .............................................................................................. 32 3.2 Neuroontologie des thalamischen Konnektoms ................................................................. 32 3.3 Konnektivitätsanalyse des T1-Netzwerkes ........................................................................ 33 3.3.1 Konnektivitätsmatrizen ...................................................................................................... 34 3.3.2 Eigenschaften der T1-Adjazenzmatrizen ........................................................................... 35 3.3.3 Beobachtungshäufigkeit, Verifikation und Validität ......................................................... 39 3.3.4 Reziproke Verbindungsstrukturen ..................................................................................... 43 3.3.5 Die T1-Distanzmatrix ........................................................................................................ 44 3.3.6 Die erweiterte Distanzmatrix ............................................................................................. 46 3.3.7 Connnectivity Matching Matrix ......................................................................................... 47 3.3.8 Communicability Matrix .................................................................................................... 48 3.3.9 GTOM Matrix .................................................................................................................... 49 3.3.10 Globale Konnektivitätsanalyse .......................................................................................... 50 3.3.11 Lokale Konnektivitätsanalyse ............................................................................................ 55 3.3.12 Motiv-Analyse ................................................................................................................... 61 3.3.13 Zyklenanalyse .................................................................................................................... 63 3.4 Unbekannte Verbindungen ................................................................................................ 64 3.5 Das extrinsische T2-Konnektom ........................................................................................ 65 3.5.1 Lokale Netzwerkeigenschaften des T2-Konnektoms ......................................................... 68 3.5.2 Motivanalyse des unilateralen extrinsischen T2-Konnektoms .......................................... 72 3.5.3 Zyklenanalyse des unilateralen extrinsischen T2-Konnektoms ......................................... 74 3.5.4 Thalamo-extrathalamische Konnektivität des T2-Konnektoms in der Untermengenanalyse .......................................................................................................... 75 3.5.5 Rich club Analyse im unilateralen T2-Konnektom ........................................................... 77 Inhaltsverzeichnis III 3.5.6 SER und FHN Koaktivierungen im T2-Konnektom .......................................................... 78 3.5.7 Analyse von konnektionalen thalamischen Regionengruppen .......................................... 81 3.5.8 Multidimensionale Skalierung (MDS) und selbstorganisierende Karten (SOM) .............. 82 3.5.9 K-Cores des T2-Konnektoms ............................................................................................ 83 4 Diskussion ......................................................................................................................... 84 4.1 Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse ..................................................................................... 84 4.2 Kritische Betrachtung der Methodik .................................................................................. 89 4.3 Kritische Betrachtung der Ergebnisse ................................................................................ 93 4.4 Kritische Betrachtung der Ergebnisse anderer Arbeitsgruppen ......................................... 95 4.5 Alleinstellungsmerkmale der Konnektomanalyse des Thalamus ...................................... 96 4.6 Ausblick ............................................................................................................................. 96 4.7 Fazit und Beantwortung der Fragen dieser Arbeit ............................................................
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