Hudson Yards FGEIS
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No. 7 Subway Extension—Hudson Yards Rezoning and Development Program Final Generic Environmental Impact Statement Executive Summary TABLE OF CONTENTS A. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED ACTION............................................................... ES-2 B. PROJECT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES............................................................................ ES-8 C. PROPOSED REZONING ................................................................................................... ES-9 D. PROPOSED NO. 7 SUBWAY EXTENSION .................................................................. ES-14 E. PROPOSED CONVENTION CENTER EXPANSION ................................................... ES-15 F. PROPOSED MULTI-USE FACILITY............................................................................. ES-17 G. OPEN SPACE ................................................................................................................... ES-19 H. OTHER FACILITIES ....................................................................................................... ES-19 I. FGEIS STUDY METHODOLOGY AND ASSUMPTIONS ........................................... ES-20 J. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED ACTION.................................. ES-22 1. LAND USE, ZONING, AND PUBLIC POLICY..................................................................... ES-22 2. SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS ...................................................................................... ES-24 3. COMMUNITY FACILITIES AND SERVICES....................................................................... ES-29 4. OPEN SPACE AND RECREATIONAL FACILITIES.............................................................. ES-30 5. SHADOWS ...................................................................................................................... ES-30 6. ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIC RESOURCES....................................................................... ES-31 7. ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES .................................................................................... ES-32 8. URBAN DESIGN AND VISUAL RESOURCES .................................................................... ES-33 9. NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTER ....................................................................................... ES-34 10. NATURAL RESOURCES................................................................................................... ES-35 11. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS .............................................................................................. ES-36 12. WATERFRONT REVITALIZATION PROGRAM .................................................................. ES-37 13. INFRASTRUCTURE.......................................................................................................... ES-37 14. SOLID WASTE AND SANITATION SERVICES................................................................... ES-38 15. ENERGY ......................................................................................................................... ES-39 16. TRAFFIC AND PARKING ................................................................................................. ES-40 17. TRANSIT AND PEDESTRIANS.......................................................................................... ES-42 18. AIR QUALITY ................................................................................................................. ES-47 19. NOISE AND VIBRATION.................................................................................................. ES-48 20. CONSTRUCTION IMPACTS .............................................................................................. ES-49 21. PUBLIC HEALTH............................................................................................................. ES-53 22. UNAVOIDABLE ADVERSE IMPACTS ............................................................................... ES-53 23. GROWTH-INDUCING ASPECTS OF THE PROPOSED ACTION ........................................... ES-54 24. IRREVERSIBLE AND IRRETRIEVABLE COMMITMENTS OF RESOURCES .......................... ES-55 25. ALTERNATIVES .............................................................................................................. ES-56 K. ACTIONS AND APPROVALS........................................................................................ ES-74 ES-i No. 7 Subway Extension—Hudson Yards Rezoning and Development Program LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE ES-1 LOCATION OF PROPOSED ACTION FIGURE ES-2 HUDSON YARDS PROJECT AREA FIGURE ES-3 REZONING AREA FIGURE ES-4 MULTI-USE FACILITY NORTHEASTERLY VIEW FIGURE ES-5 CONVENTION CENTER EXPANSION: PHASE 2 FIGURE ES-6 TERMINAL STATION SECTION FIGURE ES-7 CORONA YARD PLAN ES-ii No. 7 Subway Extension—Hudson Yards Rezoning and Development Program Final Generic Environmental Impact Statement Executive Summary Foreword This Final Generic Environmental Impact Statement (FGEIS) has been prepared by the City of New York City Planning Commission (CPC) and the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), as co- lead agencies, in compliance with the State Environmental Quality Review Act (SEQRA) and the City Environmental Quality Review (CEQR) for a comprehensive transit-oriented development program, described in the FGEIS as the “Proposed Action,” for the far west side of midtown Manhattan (the “Hudson Yards”). On June 21, 2004, the co-lead agencies released for public review and comment a Draft Generic Environmental Impact Statement (DGEIS) for the Proposed Action. A public hearing on the DGEIS was held on September 23, 2004, after which written comments on the DGEIS were received by the co-lead agencies through October 4, 2004. Copies of such comments, together with the transcript of the September 23 public hearing, are included as appendices to the FGEIS. The FGEIS summarizes and responds to all such written and oral comments in a new Chapter 29, “Responses to Comments.” Where appropriate, the FGEIS also includes refined and expanded analyses in response to such comments, incorporates updated information concerning the Hudson Yards and adjacent areas and, as promised in the DGEIS, identifies additional measures to further mitigate significant environmental impacts from the Proposed Action. The FGEIS also includes three new alternatives to the Proposed Action (in addition to the alternatives discussed in the DGEIS), including a new “Alternative S” developed by the Department of City Planning in response to public comments on the Proposed Action during the environmental and land use reviews. Descriptions of the three new alternatives are included in Chapter 26, “Alternatives.” All substantive changes from the DGEIS text (other than Chapter 29 and the three additional alternatives, for which the text is entirely new) are indicated by underlined text or marginal notations (|) for deletions. To facilitate legibility, changed Figures and Tables have not been so marked but may be regarded as new text to reflect the updated analyses referenced in the text. The co-lead agencies wish to express their appreciation to the many individuals, organizations, and officials who took the time to comment on the DGEIS and who, by so doing, assisted the co-lead agencies in fulfilling their obligations under SEQRA and CEQR in connection with the environmental review of this important planning initiative for Manhattan’s Hudson Yards. Introduction As part of the Proposed Action, the New York City Department of City Planning (DCP) and the MTA propose to promote the transit-oriented redevelopment of the Hudson Yards area (see Figures ES-1, Location of the Proposed Action, and ES-2, Hudson Yards Project Area.), generally encompassing the area bounded by West 43rd Street on the north, Hudson River Park on the west, West 28th and West 30th Streets on the south, and Seventh and Eighth Avenues on the east, through: (1) zoning and related land use actions by the CPC that would allow approximately 28 million square feet of commercial development, 12,600 residential units, a new Midblock Boulevard between Tenth and Eleventh Avenues and significant new open spaces (Figure ES-3, Rezoning Area); and (2) the extension by the MTA of the No. 7 Subway Line from Times Square to a new terminus at Eleventh Avenue and West 34th Street. The Proposed Action also includes: (3) the expansion by the Convention Center Development Corporation (CCDC) of the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center north to 42nd Street, including construction of a new Convention Center hotel; and (4) development by the New York State Urban Development Corporation d/b/a Empire State Development ES-1 No. 7 Subway Extension—Hudson Yards Rezoning and Development Program Corporation (ESDC) of a new Multi-Use Facility for sports, entertainment, and exposition uses on a platform to be constructed over the MTA Long Island Rail Road’s (LIRR) John D. Caemmerer West Side Yard (Caemmerer Yard) between Eleventh and Twelfth Avenues from West 30th to West 33rd Streets (Figures ES-4 and ES-5, Multi-Use Facility and Convention Center Elevation). CCDC and ESDC are “involved agencies” under SEQRA. As discussed below, the Proposed Action has been designed to realize—and would realize—very significant benefits to the City and State, both in the near term and the long term. It is anticipated that by 2010, the Proposed Action would bring the first phase of an expanded Convention Center and Convention Center hotel, the new Multi-Use Facility, the first new commercial and residential buildings contemplated by the Zoning