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PROFIL HEMOSIT SUSUH KURA (Sulcospira Testudinaria) DALAM

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PROFIL HEMOSIT SUSUH KURA (Sulcospira Testudinaria) DALAM PROFIL HEMOSIT SUSUH KURA (Sulcospira testudinaria) DALAM RANGKA MENGEVALUASI KUALITAS PERAIRAN WILAYAH KONSERVASI BADHER BANK, DESA TAWANGREJO, KECAMATAN BINANGUN, KABUPATEN BLITAR Asus Maizar Suryanto Hertikaa,*, Supriatnaa, Arief Darmawana, Bimo Aji Nugrohoa, Agung Dwi Handokoa, Agustiansi Yeyen Qurniawatria, Ranita Ayu Prasetyawatia aProgram Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran Malang 65145, Indonesia *Koresponden penulis : [email protected] Abstrak Kawasan Konservasi Badher Bank merupakan kawasan konservasi yang terfokus dalam konservasi Ikan Badher yang merupakan ciri khas di daerah tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis profil hemosit Susuh Kura (Sulcospira testudinaria) di Kawasan Konservasi Badher Bank dan menganalisis kualitas air dalam rangka evaluasi kualitas perairan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan teknik survei. Sampel yang diambil adalah sampel kualitas air dan susuh kura di 4 stasiun. Berdasakan hasil pengukuran kualitas air didapatkan hasil, suhu berkisar 27,3-30,7°C, kecepatan arus berkisar 0,6-1 m/s, kecerahan berkisar 5-8,7 cm, TSS(Total Suspended Solid) berkisar 11-46 mg/l, pH berkisar 7,31-7,60, DO (Dissolved Oxygen) berkisar 3,6-5,1 mg/l dengan ambang batas minimal 4 mg/l, amoniak berkisar 0,043-0,246 mg/l. Hasil kualitas air, hanya amoniak yang melebihi ambang batas. Hasil pengamatan THC didapatkan nilai antara 28x104 – 96x104 sel/ml. Analisis pada DHC didapatkan hyalinosit berkisar antara 16,28-75,49%, Semi granulosit berkisar antara 3,13-23,53% dan granulosit berkisar antara 8,82-72,09%. Hasil analisis CCA menunjukkan THC, hyalinosit dan semi granulosit dipengaruhi 7 parameter dengan konsentrasi sedang. Sedangkan granulosit cenderung dipengaruhi arus yang tinggi, serta DO dan TSS yang berkonsentrasi sedang sampai tinggi. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, maka dapat disimpulkan kondisi perairan di Kawasan Konservasi Badher Bank masih dalam kondisi normal. Namun, pada stasiun 4 terjadi pencemaran karena adanya masukan air limbah pabrik gula. Kata kunci: Kualitas Air, Susuh Kura, Hemosit Abstract Badher Bank Conservation Area is a conservation area that is focused on the conservation of badher fish. The purpose of this study was to analyze the hemocyte profile of Susuh Kura (Sulcospira testudinaria) in the Badher Bank Conservation Area and the water quality to estimate pollution status. The research method used is descriptive with survey method. Samples taken are water quality and susah kura samples at 4 stations. Based on the results of water quality measurements obtained results, temperatures of around 27.6-30.7 ° C, current of around 0.6-1 m/s, brightness of around 5- 8.5 cm, TSS (Total Suspended Solid) of around 11-46 mg/l, pH of around 7.31-7.58, DO (Dissolved Oxygen) of around 4.4-5.1 mg/l, amoniak of around 0, 0432-0.2143 mg/l, BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) of around 0.8-2.4 mg /l. These results indicate that all parameters are still in normal conditions except amoniak. THC observation results obtained values between 37.67x104 - 49x104 cells/ml, where the limit of THC values is not more than 58x104 cells/ml.. Analysis on DHC showed that hyalinocytes are around 30.47-40.76%, Semi granulocytes around 10-15.92% and granulocytes around 44.53-57.84%. Result of CCA show that THC is affected by 8 parameters of moderate concentration, hyalinocytes tend to be influenced by high amoniak and granulocytes tend to be influenced by DO and high brightness. Thus, the condition of the waters in the Badher Bank Conservation Area is still in normal condition. Keywords: Water Quality, Susuh Kura, Haemocyte. Article history: ©2021 at http://jfmr.ub.ac.id Diterima / Received 18-11-2020 Disetujui / Accepted 05-04-2021 Diterbitkan / Published 30-04-2021 Hertika, et.al. / Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research Vol. 5 No.1 (2021) 106-118 PENDAHULUAN Konservasi Badher Bank dirintis pada tahun 2014, perintisan kawasan ini Kawasan Konservasi Badher Bank dikarenakan eksploitasi ikan yang ada di merupakan salah satu kawasan kawasan tersebut terlalu berlebihan oleh konservasi ikan air tawar [1]. Ikan air nelayan setempat (over fishing). tawar ini berupa Ikan Badher yang pada Kawasan ini berada pada daerah hulu jaman dahulu pernah menjadi salah satu DAS Brantas yang cocok dilakukan makanan dari para raja. Kawasan kegiatan konservasi [3]. Gambar 1. Peta Lokasi Penelitian Kawasan Konservasi Badher Bank dan berisi hemosit [4]. hemosit yang ada menjadi salah satu tujuan destinasi di hemolim berfungsi dalam pertahanan ekowisata yang dikelola oleh Kelompok tubuh seluler yang bersifat non spesifik. Masyarakat Pengawas (Pokmakwas) Adanya pencemaran perairan dapat Fajar Bengawan yang diketuai oleh mempengaruhi kekebalan organisme [5]. Bapak Sonhadi. Ekowisata ini berfungsi Oleh karena itu, gastropoda dapat sebagai tempat observasi, konservasi, menggambarkan suatu lingkungan, pendidikan bagi masyarakat sekaligus sehingga dapat digunakan dalam menilai meminimalisir adanya kerusakan kualitas suatu perairan [6]. lingkungan [2]. Kondisi perairan di Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Kawasan Konservasi Badher Bank harus untuk menganalisis kualitas air, dijaga dengan baik agar tidak terjadi menganalisis profil hemosit dan pencemaran. menganalisis THC dan DHC Susuh Kura Susuh Kura (Sulcospira (Sulcospira testudinaria) dalam rangka testudinaria) merupakan sejenis siput di evaluasi kualitas air di Kawasan perairan tawar yang masuk kedalam Konservasi Badher Bank. kelas gastropoda. Gastropoda memiliki peredaran darah terbuka. Darah di dalam gastropoda dinamakan dengan hemolim 107 ©2021 at http://jfmr.ub.ac.id Hertika, et.al. / Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research Vol. 5 No.1 (2021) 106-118 METODE 푠 V= (1) 푡 Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kawasan Konservasi Badher Bank dan di Keterangan : Laboratorium Parasit dan Penyakit Ikan V : Kecepatan arus Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan. s : Jarak yang ditempuh (m) Penelitian ini menggunakan metode t : waktu yang diperlukan (s) deskriptif yang bersifat survei. Alat dan Kecerahan bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, secchi disk, DO meter, Pengukuran kecerahan currentmeters, spektrofotometer, vacum menggunakan secchi disk. Langkah yang pump, mikroskop, haemocytometer. dilakukan yaitu, memasukkan secchi disk Sedangkan bahan yang digunakan yaitu, ke dalam perairan sampai tidak terlihat air sampel dan hemolim Susuh Kura. pertama kali (x) dan diangkat sampai Penelitian ini dilakukan sebanyak 3 terlihat pertama kali (y), kemudian kali pengambilan sampel parameter dihitung dengan rumus 9 [9]: kualitas air dan Susuh kura dengan jeda waktu 2 minggu sekali. Titik (푥+푦) pengambilan sampel dibagi menjadi 4 P= (2) 2 stasiun dengan jarak 500 meter (gambar 1). Penentuan stasiun dengan cara Purposive Sampling. Parameter kualitas Keterangan : air digunakan dalam pendugaan status P : Kecerahan (cm) pencemaran dan pengaruhnya terhadap x : Jarak secchi disk tidak terlihat pertama kali (cm) profil hemosit. Parameter kualitas air y : Jarak secchi disk terlihat pertama kali yang diukur adalah suhu, kecepatan arus, (cm) kecerahan, TSS, pH, DO dan amoniak. TSS (Total Suspended Solid) Suhu Pengukuran TSS dilakukan dengan Pengukuran suhu menggunakan DO cara memanaskan kertas saring di oven meter tipe Lutron pdo-520. Pertama dengan suhu ±105°C selama 1 jam, menghungkan kabel DO dengan tombol kemudian kertas saring didinginkan DO, kemudian menekan tombol on pada kedalam desikator selama 15 menit. DO meter, buka indikator DO meter dan Timbang kertas saring menggunakan masukkan ke air sampel, tunggu neraca analitik (B). Menghomogenkan beberapa saat sampai nilainya stabil, air sampel dan diambil 100 ml. kemudian catat hasil suhu yang tertera Kemudian dilakukan penyaringan pada layar DO 7 [7]. dengan bantuan vacum pump dan selanjutnya dimasukkan kedalam oven Kecepatan Arus ±105°C selama 1 jam. Lalu kertas saring didinginkan dan ditimbang dengan Pengukuran kecepatan arus menggunakan neraca analitik sampai menggunakan metode apung mendapat berat konstan(A). Langkah currentmeters. Langkah yang dilakukan selanjutnya dilakukan perhitungan adalah menyiapkan 2 botol air mineral dengan rumus SNI 06-6989.3-2004 10 dengan ukuran yang sama dan diikat [10], sebagai berikut : dengan tali rafia sepanjang 5 meter, isi (A−B) X 1000 salah satu botol air mineral dengan air. mg TSS per liter = (3) Volume contoh uji (ml) Kemudian hanyutkan currentmeters dengan dihitung menggunakan Keterangan : stopwatch 8 [8]. Kemudian dilakukan A : Berat kertas saring dan residu kering perhitungan dengan rumus : (mg) B : Berat kertas saring (mg) 108 ©2021 at http://jfmr.ub.ac.id Hertika, et.al. / Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research Vol. 5 No.1 (2021) 106-118 1000 : Konversi liter (l) ke mililiter (ml) 400x. Jumlah sel dimasukkan kedalam rumus [14]: pH Pengukuran pH menggunakan pH meter. pH meter dilakukan kalibrasi dengan menggunakan larutan buffer [11]. Kemudian (4) pH meter dimasukkan ke dalam air sampel dan ditunggu sampai nilainya stabil dan catat hasilnya. DHC (Differential Haemocyte Count) DO (Dissolved Oxygen) Sampel hemosit diteteskan di objek glass sebanyak 1 tetes dan tunggu hingga Pengukuran DO dilakukan dengan kering. Kemudian diberikan larutan menggunakan DO meter tipe Lutron methanol 96% dan tunggu hingga kering. pdo-520. Pertama menguhungkan kabel Selanjutnya, dilakukan pemberian DO dengan tombol DO, kemudian larutan giemsa dengan metode smear. menekan tombol on pada DO meter, buka Ketika sudah kering
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