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How FM Radio Really Works by Rich Parker from the Transmitting Tower Tant Thing Is Output Power

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Winter 2007-08 Vermont Public Radio’s Newsletter RADIO FLIER How FM Radio Really Works By Rich Parker from the transmitting tower tant thing is output power. A strong light Director of Engineering to the receiver. can be seen further away in the dark. e get lots of The easiest way to under- Similarly, a more powerful FM transmit- questions at VPR stand an FM radio signal is ter can reach more distant areas. about reception to compare it to light. Place a Now we get into the non-techni- W lamp on the floor and notice cal, regulatory part of the equation. In of our signals: “Why can’t you increase your power?” or how the light in the room the early days of radio, there were few “Can you build a station in is strong in some areas, but regulations, and the broadcast landscape my town?” or “Why can I get in others, there are shadows was a bit like the ‘Wild West’ – only the 107.9, but not 90.9?” Some from furniture or other ob- strongest survived. Before long, things of these questions can be stacles. Vermont’s beautiful got so crowded, and there was so much answered technically, and some require mountains present obstacles, and FM interference among stations, that the legal and regulatory explanations. signals are shadowed in some places by government stepped in to regulate fre- FM radio signals are broadcast at the landscape. If you move your lamp quency distribution. high frequencies – 88.1 to 107.9 mega- up higher, it will cover much more area From this we got the current system hertz. Because these radio signals travel in the room, but there will still be some of station allocations, which determine in relatively straight lines, FM reception places in the shadows. how broadcast services are distributed is best when there is a ‘line of sight’ After height, the next most impor- across the nation. Continued on page 5 INSIDE Listening and Learning By Jody Evans resonated with you too. Meet Director of Programming Earlier this fall I was driving home from Ross Sneyd As Director of Programming, the Fairbanks Museum enjoying the changing and Sarah I spend a lot of time listening leaves, and an incredible story on All Things Ashworth to audio, some good and some Considered. It was a story about two women Page 2 bad. Whether it’s audio of a adopted as infants and each raised by loving potential new program or audio families. They met for the first time when they of a potential new voice, it’s my were 35 years old and found they were “identi- job to critique and assess what I cal strangers.” Unknowingly, they had been part hear. It is a pleasure auditioning of a secret research project in the 1960s and programming to share with you, determining ‘70s that separated identical twins as infants and how it will sound in context when placed into followed their development in a one-of-a-kind Holiday our program schedules. experiment to assess the influence of nature Programs While I listen all the time as a programmer, vs. nurture in child development. Now, the I’m also a listener like you. It’s a special treat twins, authors of a new memoir called Identical Page 3 when I find myself transported out of my pro- Strangers, are trying to uncover the truth about fessional role, delighted and engaged by what the study. I arrived at my daughter’s daycare, Your Letters I’m hearing on the radio. I’d like to share some running late, but I just couldn’t tear myself away Pages 6-7 of my recent driveway moments; perhaps they from the radio and this story. Continued on page 4 RADIO FLIER Meet Ross Sneyd... Ross Sneyd joined VPR in July, but he’s no stranger to the Vermont news scene. A 15-year veteran of the Associated Press VPR in Vermont, Ross says that he was drawn to VPR for its com- 94.3 FM Bennington mitment to news, as well as its staff. 94.5 FM Brattleboro* “There are a lot of people here that I worked with during my 107.9 FM Burlington 92.5 FM Manchester* years at the AP, so I knew what good journalists they are,” Ross 95.3 FM Middlebury* says. “I really like the teamwork and sense of camaraderie.” 94.1 FM Montpelier* In addition to coordinating and producing VPR newscasts throughout the day, 88.7 FM Rutland you’ll regularly hear Ross’ reports on VPR. He says making the leap to radio was both 88.5 FM St. Johnsbury familiar and challenging. 89.5 FM Windsor “The news is still the same. But reporting now also means gathering sound -- not VPR Classical just interviews, but the natural sound surrounding the event or interview, something 93.5 FM Bennington* that I never paid great attention to before,” he says. “And I love the immediacy of 90.9 FM Burlington / Schuyler Falls radio.” Ross lives in Plainfield with his partner, Warren Hathaway, where they run the 103.9 FM Hanover* Comstock House bed and breakfast. When there’s spare time, Ross enjoys gardening, 106.9 FM Manchester* bicycling, kayaking, hiking, skiing and snowshoeing. He also makes soap and jam for 99.5 FM Middlebury* 99.5 FM Newbury* the inn (not at the same time, he assures us) and recently began raising sheep. 88.1 FM Norwich 95.1 FM Sunderland / Manchester 106.9 FM Woodstock* ...and Sarah Ashworth * = low-power translator As a producer for Vermont Edition, Sarah Ashworth spends her Board of Directors days developing ideas, scheduling guests and editing interviews Chair, Amy Hastings, Middlebury for the program. But she also loves reporting, and gets out in the William Alley, Greensboro field whenever she can. Bill Biddle, Barnet Nord Brue, Burlington “My favorite story so far was when Jane Lindholm and I drove Donna Carpenter, Moscow up to Island Pond to talk with a moose hunting guide. We spent Henry Chauncey, Jr., Andover hours in a cramped Geo Tracker and never saw a single moose! But Jack Crowl, North Pomfret Perez Ehrich, Arlington it was a wonderful adventure where I met new people and explored a new place.” Maxie Ewins, Shelburne An award-winning producer, Sarah came to VPR in July from NPR station KBIA Stan Fishkin, Chittenden in Columbia, Missouri, where she served as news director. She says she has been most Deborah Granquist, Weston Traci Griffith, Williston impressed by VPR’s staff. “I have never been around a more committed and passionate Doug Griswold, Charlotte group - everyone who works here is also a public radio listener,” Sarah says. Kathy Hoyt, Norwich Sarah lives in Jericho. While she’ll always consider herself a Minnesotan, she’s enjoy- Spencer Knapp, Shelburne ing Vermont’s landscape and the ready availability of locally-grown and organic foods. John McCardell, Middlebury Del Sheldon, Shelburne When she’s not out looking for moose or on some other VPR adventure, you’ll find Bill Stetson, Norwich Sarah reading, walking, practicing yoga, baking chocolate chip cookies or listening to J. Alvin Wakefield, Mendon Lucinda Williams, Steve Earle, and Bob Dylan. And she’s looking forward to ice skat- Victoria Young, Proctor ing, skiing and snowshoeing this winter. VPR Management President & General Manager: Mark Vogelzang Three new board members VP of Development: Robin Turnau New VPR Board Members were welcomed at the Ver- Chief Financial Officer: Brian Donahue Director of Programming: Jody Evans mont Public Radio board of Director of Engineering: Richard Parker directors annual meeting in Director of News: John Van Hoesen Fairlee, Vt. in September. The Public Radio Center 365 Troy Avenue, Colchester, VT 05446 Newcomers to the board are Phone: (800) 639-2192 (from left to right): www.vpr.net Del Sheldon of Shelburne, Editorial Director: Robin Turnau Traci Griffith of Williston and Editor & Designer: Stephen Mease Radio Flier (USPS 468) newsletter is published tri-annually by VPR Perez Ehrich of Arlington. with second class postage paid at Burlington, VT, and additional mailing offices. Radio Flier is available to all VPR supporters. 2 Have you remembered VPR in your Will? RADIO FLIER 2007 Holiday Programs VPR and VPR Classical offer a wide range of holiday pro- 8 pm: A Paul Winter Solstice Concert (VPR) grams for listeners in the coming weeks. For detailed program 8 pm: Northern Lights – A Solstice Celebration with VPR Classical's information about these and other specials, please visit vpr.net. Cheryl Willoughby (VPR Classical) 9 pm: A Winter Celebration with VPR Classical's Walter Parker (VPR Friday, December 14 Classical) 10pm: Chicago Symphony Orchestra holiday program (VPR Classical) Monday, December 24 - Christmas Eve Sunday, December 16 10 am: A Festival of Nine Lessons and Carols (VPR) 1 pm: All The Traditions, Winter Solstice Light Show (VPR) Noon: St. Olaf Christmas Festival (VPR) Monday, December 17 2 pm: Christmas Around the Country 2007 (VPR) 8 pm: Welcome Christmas! with Philip Brunelle (VPR Classical) 3 pm: A Christmas Carol with Willem Lange (VPR) 9 pm: A Chanticleer Christmas (VPR Classical) 7 pm: A Vermont Christmas with Counterpoint (VPR) Tuesday, December 18 8 pm: Handel’s Messiah from Philadelphia (VPR) 8 pm: Footprints to Paradise, A Medieval Christmas 2007 (VPR Classical) 8 pm: Bach’s Christmas Oratorio (VPR Classical) 9 pm: Echoes of Christmas - the Dale Warland Singers (VPR Classical) 10 pm: Winter Celebration with VPR Classical's Walter Parker. (VPR) Wednesday, December 19 Tuesday, December 25 - Christmas 8 pm: The Rose Ensemble: An Early American Christmas (VPR Classical) Noon: A Chanticleer Christmas (VPR) 9 pm: Christmas with the Philadelphia Singers (VPR Classical) 1 pm: Christmas Around the Country 2007 (VPR) Thursday, December 20 2 pm: Christmas with the Philadelphia Singers (VPR) 8 pm: Christmas Classics with VPR Classical's Joe Goetz (VPR Classical) 3 pm: A Vermont Christmas with Counterpoint (VPR) 10 pm: Concordia College Christmas (VPR Classical) 6 pm: A Festival of Nine Lessons and Carols (VPR) Friday, December 21 8 pm: Bach’s Christmas Oratorio from Carnegie Hall (VPR) 7 pm: Northern Lights – A Solstice Celebration with VPR Classical's 8 pm: A Baroque Christmas (VPR Classical) Cheryl Willoughby (VPR) 9 pm: A Vermont Christmas with Counterpoint (VPR Classical) Travel to China, Argentina and Ireland with VPR in 2008 Vermont Public Radio is finalizing plans for a trip to China in May with VPR com- mentator and former New York Times correspondent Christopher Wren.
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