CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL

CRANSWICK

EAST RIDING OF COUNCIL

JULY 2006

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CRANSWICK

CONSERVATION AREA through which runs the main Scarborough APPRAISAL to Hull railway line. The village has a historically agricultural background, but in INTRODUCTION more recent times a number of farming enterprises have moved out of the village is a large village some and land has been lost to agriculture being eight miles north of and four developed for residential purposes. miles south of . The village The 2006 re-survey has been undertaken consists of two distinct settlements; in accordance with Guidance on Hutton to the north is the smallest of the Conservation Area Appraisals, issued in two and has as its focal point a restored August 2005 by English Heritage, in order medieval Church, Cranswick to the south to meet the aim of the national is centred on a large village green with Government that Conservation Areas streets radiating from it. The settlement should be re-surveyed every five years. of Cranswick is surrounded on all sides by open agricultural land. The Conservation DEFINITION OF CRANSWICK'S Area is located in the centre of the SPECIAL INTEREST settlement and constitutes approximately 15% of the settlement's area. The village of Cranswick is a large settlement which has grown up The Conservation Area in Cranswick was around an agricultural base and designated by the East Yorkshire Borough economy. The agricultural base has Council on 9 December 1976. been diluted in recent years and the prime purpose of the village is now The Town and Country Planning Act that of a residential se ttlement with 1990 defines a conservation area as "an some local industry and business. area of special architectural or historic interest the character or appearance of The Conservation Area includes the which it is desirable to preserve and historic part of the village which is enhance". For the designation of located around a large area of green. conservation areas to be effective, it is The link between the green and the important that rational and consistent main Beverley Road to the east of the judgements are made in determining Conservation Area ha s been included their special qualities and local within the Conservation Area. The distinctiveness, as well as their value to character of the Conservation Area is the local community. Such judgements very much tied into the village green. should be based on a thorough understanding of the area in its wider LOCATION AND CONTEXT context, reached through a detailed appraisal of its character. Cranswick is a large village settlement located eight miles north of Beverley and four miles south of Driffield. The smaller The village of Cranswick is substantial in village of Hutton is located close to the nature containing a varied road pattern northern boundary of the settlement. The

2 Conservation Area is located in the central The Landscape Character Assessment part of the village and includes the village identifies this area of farmland between green, the development clustered around Beverley and Driffield as being slightly it, including parts of Main Street, Hobman raised and gently undulating, with fields Lane, Southgate and The Green. The that are generally medium in size and Conservation Area also includes a part of rectilinear in shape, but arranged in an Main Street which extends the irregular pattern overall. Conservation Area in a north-westerly direction towards Beverley Road. The Landscape Character Assessment also indicates that whilst this area continues to GENERAL CHARACTER AND be dominated by intensive agriculture, PLAN FORM there are examples of previously widespread wetland habitats, such as The Conservation Area is centred around Bryan Mills Field SSSI which is an the large green area which serves as a focal important area of spring-fed tall fen which point for both the village and the would have been a far more abundant Conservation Area. The Green is feature of this landscape historically. The surrounded on four sides by highways hedgerow network throughout this area which are built up, for the most part, with remains an important aspect of the development in close proximity to the landscape, and hedges are dominated by highway opposite the main Green. hawthorn, with hazel, ash, blackthorn, Hobman Lane runs into the south- elder, field maple and dogwood. western corner of The Green whilst Southgate runs into the south-east corner The village of Cranswick has expanded of The Green. Main Street runs rapidly in the last 40 years and as a essentially east/west across the top of The consequence mature landscaping towards Green and this street links Beverley Road the fringes of the settlement is not well to the west with the extended village and established. Within the Conservation railway line to the east. Area the main areas of established landscaping take place within the Village The form of built environment along Green and there are a number of areas of Main Street takes the form of linear mature trees within what is essentially an development built in close proximity to open green landscape. A large village the back of the highway. Hobman Lane pond exists adjacent to Main Street on the runs along the western edge of The Green northern boundary of The Green and this and has a different pattern of consists of an area of water surrounded by development along it with dwellings set a footpath with a central raised area back from the highway in close proximity containing a Willow. to the more dominate Hutton Cranswick Primary School building.

The predominant built environment HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT consists of two storey dwellings, shops, AND ARCHAEOLOGY and in the area around The Green, apart from the Primary School, there are THE ORIGINS AND HISTORIC no dominant buildings. DEVELOPMENT OF THE AREA LANDSCAPE SETTING Hutton Cranswick is a large village The Cranswick Conservation Area lies consisting of two distinct settlements, within the ‘Lund Sloping Farmland’ Hutton to the north is the smallest of the Landscape Character Area, as identified in two. Cranswick to the south was first the Landscape mentioned in the Domesday Book in 1086 Character Assessment (ERYC, 2005). and came to prominence in the area in the

3 Middle Ages. In the 14th century Hutton village with the western part of the village Cranswick was the 12th wealthiest on the other side of the railway line. The settlement in the East Riding. The wealth north-eastern part of Main Street included came, no doubt, form the markets and within the Conservation Area and runs fairs at Cranswick which were the subject towards Beverley Road. The form of of a Royal Grant in 1310. Perhaps the development is again tightly knit property size of The Green reflects the scale of the located in close proximity to the back of markets and fairs and it would seem likely pavement. that up until the 17th century, when they had ceased, the weekly markets were held KEY VIEWS AND VISTAS on The Green. Cranswick still has the atmosphere of an independent market Because of surrounding development village with its shops, school, Chapel and there are few long range public views of Friendly Society halls. the Conservation Area from the outside. The main views and vistas are obtained in During the last 40 years Cranswick has the central part of the Conservation Area been selected for development within a around The Green. The Green displays a succession of Development Plans for the 360 degree panorama of the built area. This has led to an expansion of the environment located around it. village and significantly diluted the historic nature of the original settlement. CHARACTER ANALYSIS

ARCHAEOLOGY INCLUDING ANY SCHEDULED MONUMENTS DEFINITION OF CHARACTER AREAS AND ZONES

There are no Scheduled Monuments within the Conservation Area. It is considered that the Conservation Area has two defined zones within it. SPATIAL ANALYSIS The first and primary zone relates to The Green and the development around it. THE CHARACTER AND INTER- The character of the area is established by RELATIONSHIP OF THE SPACES the large area of green and the WITHIN THE AREA development surrounding it on all four sides. The road pattern, for the most part, The Conservation Area of Cranswick is tightly encircles The Green area. The characterised by the large Village Green Green contains a number of mature trees area around which development is and a pond feature abutting onto Main grouped. Development on the north side Street. is tightly knit but that on the south side was more loosely grouped and consisted The second zone comprises of the north- of cottages with open views between. western portion of Main Street between This has been eroded to some degree by The Green and Beverley Road. The new buildings and extensions but still pattern of development is characterised by retains a distinctly different character. tight knit development in a linear form From The Green there are sweeping vistas built in close proximity to the back of the of Main Street, Hobman Lane, The Green highway. The Conservation Area and Southgate, but because of the boundary skirts an area of modern development enclosing the Green there terraced properties which front onto Main are few opportunities for views beyond Street and these do not contribute to the the boundary of the Conservation Area. character of the area.

Main Street runs through the village settlement linking the eastern part of the

4 THE INFLUENCE OF HISTORIC Holding Sheds (Known as Cranswick LAND USE ON THE PATTERN OF Garage, Main Street) (II) DEVELOPMENT AND BUILDING No. 14a Station Road (II) FORM House (II) Stables to Sunderlandwick House (II) The village of Cranswick is now primarily residential in character with a number of THE CONTRIBUTION OF KEY shopping, commercial and business uses UNLISTED BUILDINGS within it. Within the Conservation Area there is little evidence of its former There are a number of properties located reliance on agriculture. In times gone by throughout the Conservation Area which, Cranswick was a centre for markets and although not listed, contribute to its fairs and The Green would have been the character. area upon which most of these would have been held. The legacy for today is The Green that there is a large, flat clear area of green Nos. 5, 9, Infants School and Church landscaping right at the heart of the village House, Foresters Hall, Meginson Shop, and Conservation Area. Fair View, Oddfellows Hall, Beverley's Hair Salon, Cottages to the North of the THE ARCHITECTURAL AND School and the Primary School. HISTORIC QUALITIES OF THE BUILDINGS AND THEIR Main Street CONTRIBUTION TO THE AREA Packhorse Inn, Nos. 32, 34, Cross Keys Public House, No. 15, Womens Institute There is no building within the Hall and Heslerton House. Conservation Area that appears to be of a date before the 18th century, and the LOCAL DETAILS majority of buildings would seem to be as a result of re-building after 1800. The Brick is the predominant walling material buildings within the Conservation Area and roofs display a mixture of pantiles and exhibit few architectural features though slate. There is render in evidence, tumbled gables occur and the use of barge displaying a mixture of colours and boards. The buildings within the painted brickwork also exists within the Conservation Area are predominantly two Conservation Area. Much of the storey in nature with pitched roofs and the architecture is relatively plan, that in itself tightly knit form of the built environment contributes much to the character of the contrasts with the open aspect of The area. Chimneys are featured on many Green. buildings. Tumbled gables occur within the Conservation Area and dormers are not a common feature. Sash windows, with or without glazing bars, are the LISTED BUILDINGS AND THEIR traditional window. Although many of GRADES (WITHIN THE PARISH) these have been replaced by more modern materials. Church of St. Peter, Church Lane (II*) 87 Pit Top Farmhouse and Adjoining Walls, Hutton Road (II) Windmill to Pit Top Farm, Hutton Road (II) Sunnyside (No. 67), Main Street, (II) No. 105, Station House, Main Street (II) War memorial on Cranswick Green (II)

5 THE CONTRIBUTIO MADE TO modern town houses constructed to the THE CHARACTER OF THE AREA south side of Main Street between 16 and BY GREENERY AND GREEN 26 Main Street. SPACES There are examples of other more modern The Conservation Area is centred on the properties, particularly on the south side significant area of The Green. The Green of the Green, which contribute little to the is an extensive gently undulating area of character of the Conservation Area. landscaping containing mature trees, a War Memorial, a pond area and a play The loss of the Church Rooms to the area. Within recent times the Church north-eastern portion of The Green is Rooms have been demolished at the regretted, although an excellent job of north-east corner of The Green and the landscape reinstatement has been made. area has been reinstated with landscaping. The extent of The Green is the key It is considered that there are no areas component of the Conservation Area, which can be described as truly neutral together with the way in which buildings within the Conservation Area as the odd are tightly knit around the four sides of buildings which jar the eye, mainly The Green. commercial and retail properties, are the very buildings which are likely to be The village pond has a somewhat harsh subject to external changes in a more exterior with a concrete path running on rapid fashion than those of an individual three sides of the pond within The Green dwelling. Opportunities do exist in the area. The pond contains a raised area with future to bring these buildings back more a maturing Willow and this in time will in line with their historical origins. not doubt contribute greatly to the The general condition of the Conservation character of the area. Proposals to soften Area is good apart from isolated examples and recreate a more natural look to the of buildings. The condition of the pond would be encouraged. Conservation Area indicates a prosperous and healthy local economy. There are a number of groups of mature trees within The Green which break up The village of Cranswick has essentially the expanse of the area. moved away from its origins as an agricultural centre to one now mainly A play area has been constructed in the providing housing accommodation with a south-western segment of The Green and limited amount of job opportunities. this does introduce slightly discordant Over the last 40 years the village has been features. However, as The Green is a the subject of growth as it has been public area it is not unreasonable that play selected as a settlement where growth facilities be provided for children within it. should take place, primarily because of its location adjacent to the main Beverley - PROBLEMS, PRESSURES AND Driffield Road and the main Scarborough CAPACITY FOR CHANGE - Hull railway line running through the village. It could be argued that the village has now reached a size wherein further The Conservation Area has been drawn to development should be restricted to exclude much of the new development enable the large areas of modern housing that has taken place within the village of to mature and assimilate into the rural Cranswick. However, certain areas of new landscape. development do not contribute to the character of the Conservation Area and The maintenance of The Green is one indeed some can be said to detract. An area which will need constant attention. example of this is the two terraces of This is in the ownership of the Parish

6 Council so its future should be secure in (EYBWLP) (adopted June 1997), Policy the long term. EN19. Other policies in this Plan can also affect the Conservation Area, including It is likely that there may be development those dealing with new residential and pressures for intrusions of new commercial development, Listed Buildings development into The Green, i.e. car and Archaeology. parking facilities. These should be resisted as the pond and play area already The RSS which will be reviewed soon and have, to some extent, intruded into the the JSP will be incorporated into the Local landscape setting and the further intrusion Development Framework, which will of none green elements would be a supersede the current Local Plans in due retrograde step. course.

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT SUGGESTED BOUNDARY CHANGES This Appraisal has been the subject of public consultation with the Hutton Village Greens of the scale of that at Cranswick Parish Council and members Cranswick are not common in East of the public. The comments received Yorkshire and one the size of Cranswick’s through this consultation process have is probably unique. It is this and its been taken into account in this the final attractive appearance that make it the published version of this document. obvious basis for a Conservation Area. Though The Green has streets coming THE PLANNING POLICY into it at each of its four corners, it is only CONTEXT that at the north-west corner that it is wide and straight enough to be visually The principal legislation covering part of The Green. Thus the boundary of Conservation Areas is the Planning (Listed the Conservation Area is substantially Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act drawn around, where possible, property 1990 which provides the framework for boundaries of those buildings which designation, review and appraisal of overlook The Green. With an extension Conservation Areas. There are also to take in the buildings along Main Street provisions within the Town and Country as far as the Copper Beeches half way Planning Act 1990. Government policy between The Green and the Station, and guidance is set out in Planning Policy where there is a break in the line of older Guidance Note 15 (PPG15) "Planning buildings. and the Historic Environment". The Conservation Area is also extended The planning policy affecting north-westward along Main Street to Conservation Areas within the East include the very fine Methodist Chapel Riding is set at the Regional, Sub-regional and other buildings of character which and Local level. The Regional Spatial give this section of the street a distinct Strategy (RSS) for Yorkshire and the feeling of enclosure, compared with the (adopted December 2004) deals open character around The Green. with the historic environment in Policy N2. This is developed at a sub-regional There are individual buildings of character level by the Joint Structure Plan (JSP) for (notably certain farmhouses beyond the and the East Riding Station) elsewhere in Cranswick, but of Yorkshire (adopted June 2005) in recent development and other Policy ENV6. At a local level policies undistinguished older buildings have relevant to Cranswick Conservation Area isolated them from the Conservation Area are contained currently in the East around The Green, and so it is felt they Yorkshire Borough Wide Local Plan cannot be included. It is not intended to

7 make any changes to the boundary of the ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Conservation Area. This updated Appraisal is based on the LOCAL GENERIC GUIDANCE Original Appraisal for Cranswick carried out by David Neave for East Yorkshire East Yorkshire Borough Wide Local Plan Borough Council. policy EN 19. Published July 2006 Leaflet by East Riding of Yorkshire Council “What are Conservation Areas?” www.eastriding.gov.uk/planning/index.ht ml

USEFUL INFORMATION AND CONTACT DETAILS

Conservation Team, East Riding of Yorkshire Council, Customer Services, County Hall, Beverley, HU17 9BA. Tel: 01482 887700 E-mail Address conservation.and.enforcement@eastriding .gov.uk

MANAGEMENT PROPOSALS

The village of Cranswick can expect to experience some tourist visitors due to the fact that there is a Conservation Area within it. In addition, it is in close proximity to a further Conservation Area in it’s neighbouring village of Hutton. Accordingly, it is considered that within the Main Street areas there should be sufficient suitably designed litter bins.

One notable feature within the conservation Area is the existence of a number of hand painted wooden direction signs. In marked contrast there are a number of more modern metal signs. It is considered that the erection of any future direction signs should be more aligned to the hand painted wooden signs than he modern metal signs.

If any road improvement/traffic calming measures are ever proposed for Cranswick, then these should not destroy any of the grass or landscaping currently forming part of The Green.

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