DOCSLIB.ORG

Annotated Checklist of the Macroscopic Troglobites of Virginia with Notes on Their Geographic Ilistributioni by JOHN R

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Annotated Checklist of the Macroscopic Troglobites of Virginia with Notes on Their Geographic Ilistributioni by JOHN R g47() Annotated Checklist of the Macroscopic Troglobites of Virginia With Notes on Their Geographic Ilistributioni by JOHN R. HOLSINGER AusritAc-r—Extensive field work in recent years has facilitated the publication of a checklist of Virginia's troglobitic species. A large number of pertinent range extensions remain to be worked out, however, and in addition, several new species probably remain to be discovered. Forty-one troglobitic species are presently recognized from Virginia, including planarians (2), amphipods (4), isopods (3), millipeds (9), collembolans (4), beetles (10), pseudoscorpions (4), and spiders (5). At least fifteen more species are known but have yet to be described in the literature. The isolation of certain species in caves and genetic changes within cave- dwelling animal populations are believed to be causative factors in troglobitic speciation. Many present-day cave species have probably evolved from surface forms already partially adapted for a subterranean existence. Certain cavernic- olous groups like the anophthalmid beetles, pseudotremid millipeds, and cave pseudoscorpions are restricted to very small geographic areas and in some cases, only one cave system. Other cavernicolous groups like linyphiid spiders and various species of collembola are not restricted to isolated areas, but their range extends over a wide geographic region. With the exception of spiders and col- lembolans, aquatic troglobites seem to be more widely dispersed than terrestrial troglobites. The limestone region of Virginia which was remote from Pleistocene glaciation contains more than three times as many troglobitic species as the limestone area in Pennsylvania which was close to Pleistocene glaciation. The first attempt to present a systematic Biological Survey of Virginia Caves has pro- checklist of all the known macroscopic trog- vided considerable information on range ex- lobites of the United States was by Nicholas tension relative to many of the little-known (1960a). Previous to this, Nicholas had pub- troglobitic species of this state. Unfortunate- lished preliminary lists of troglobites for the ly, most of the undescribed material obtained states of Missouri (1960b) and Pennsylvania during this period remains to be worked out (1960c). One year later, Warren (1961) pub- and could not be included in the formal list. lished a checklist of the obligative cavernic- In addition to the concentrated collecting oles of Florida. Recently, the need was felt efforts mentioned above, earlier workers had for a similar treatment of this subject in already added appreciably to the knowledge Virginia, and the author began to compile of Virginia cave fauna prior to 1950. data for such a presentation. The extensive Both Nicholas (1960a) and Warren (1961) obligative cavernicole in ref- collecting carried on by T. C. Barr, Jr. in used the term 1958 and more recently by members of the erence to those animals which are more or less completely adapted to the hypogean en- vironment, thus permanent cave dwellers. 1Contribution Number Eight from the Bio- logical Survey of Virginia Caves, a research proj- Warren considered the two terms obligative ect of the National Speleological Society. cavernicole and troglobite to be synonymous. BULLETIN VOLUME 25, PART 1, JANUARY, 1963 23 COUNTIES DRAINAGE SYSTEM 1. Frederick 19. Bland A. Shenandoah (upper Potomac) 2. Clark 20. Tazewell B. James 3. Warren 21. Smyth C. Roanoke 4. Shenandoah 22. Washington D. New 5. It& 23. Russell E. Clinch, Holston, and 6. Rockingham 24. Wise Powell (upper Tennessee) 7. Augusta 25. Scott 8. Highland 26. Lee 9. Bath 10. Rockbridge A 11. Alleghany 12. Botetourt 13. Craig 14.Roanoke 15. Mantgomery 16. Giles 7 4( 1 17. Pulaski <c, 9 ,-• : 18. Wythe 4‘ ;' A 10 12 13 KENTUCKY 16 1 4 VIRGINIA s • • 2 19 t : 15 C ...... 0** . - , 17 ., • -: 24 " 1 2 3 4? ' 22 ' 25 s TENNESSEE NORTH CAROLINA Fig ure I Map of the caverniferous limestone areas in the Appalachian region of Virginia. Dots indicate boundaries of major drainage basins; arrows indicate general direction of flow in drainage basins. The author has adopted the term troglobite, edly complete their life cycles there. The oc- and finds the following definition conven- currence, however, of these same species in ient: members of a species which exist only epigean surroundings provided the necessary in the cavern environment and complete criterion for their exclusion. their life cycles in absolute darkness (trog- The greatest shortcoming to presenting a lobites are never found on the surface unless checklist at this time was the impossibility of they are washed out of a cave by flooding). including many of the recently acquired but Through modification and regressive evolu- as yet undescribed troglobites that are known tion these organisms usually possess char- to exist. In many instances, whole complexes acteristic features such as loss of sight (their remain to be studied and worked out. In eyes being rudimentary or lost), slender other cases further collecting is needed be- bodies, loss of toleration to such stimuli as fore definite ranges can be accurately plotted, light and heat, longer appendages, and some The author has personally collected at least or complete loss of integumentary pig- five and possibly six new forms which remain mentation. to be described. In addition, ten or more As would be expected, strict limitation other new forms, collected by other workers of species to this definition has lead to the in earlier times, are also in need of descrip- exclusion from the checklist of several caver- tion. Several groups need a modern review nicoles which, because of their almost com- 2Because of its reported existence in a grave, plete modification to subterranean life, might Pseudosinella argen tea Folsom might be an ex- otherwise have been included.2 Three ex- ception to this rule. The author, however, feels amples immediately come to mind: Nesticus that a grave (while possibly endogeic) could in pallidus Emerton, Tomocerus bidentatus Fol- most instances be regarded as possessing all of the factors that ordinarily constitute a hypogean som, and Phalangodes flavescens (Cope). All habitat. It might also be added that all other three forms, when found in caves, undoubt- records for this species are strictly from caves. 24 THE NATIONAL SPELEOLOGICAL SOCIETY before meaningful names and data can be Rock House and Seven Springs Caves, Rus- published. The present situation, while re- sell County; and Parsons Cave, Wise County. gretable, is not surprising considering the H. R. Steeves, III, (pers. comm.) now has a tedious task and enormous amount of time description of this isopod in press. Several required to complete some of these necessary undetermined and possibly new species of ter- jobs. In view of this, the author feels justi- restrial isopods (fam. Trichoniscidae) have fied at this time to mention some of the un- been collected from Lowmoor Quarry Cave, described forms and give the reader an idea Alleghany County and Bucks Hill Cave, of their present status. Rockbridge County. Blind, unpigmented snails (fam. Bithy- Many additional specimens of troglobitic niidae) have been obtained from five cave amphipods, some of which may be new streams and three springs in Virginia. Seven forms, have been discovered since the in- of these forms have been tentatively assigned formative work of Hubricht (1943). When to the genus Fontigens. The other one is an further work has been accomplished, new undescribed species of the genus Lartetia, a range extensions can undoubtedly be relict form collected only from travertine mapped. All amphipod material is at present pools in Skyline Caverns, near Front Royal, in the care of the author. Warren County. Fontigens is known from A great deal of important work on the the following localities: Witheros Cave, Bath troglobitic trechines (essentially of the genus County; Paint Bank Spring, Craig County; Pseudanophthalmus) has been accomplished Ogdens Cave and Ogdens Spring, Frederick in recent years by T. C. Barr, Jr. Many new County; Tawneys Cave, Giles County; species have been obtained in west central George Hinkin Spring, Shenandoah County; and southwestern Virginia, and a mono- and Skyline Caverns, Warren County. All graphic treatment on this interesting group specimens have been deposited with J. P. E. of cavernicoles is expected in the near Morrison, United States National Museum. future. As a result of work by Causey (1960) many Little has been reported regarding the of the problems regarding the taxonomy and range or habits of the troglobitic pesudo- geographic distribution of the zygonopid scorpions. Malcolm and Chamberlain (1961) millipeds have been clarified. Another prob- have recently described two new species from lem, similar to the one which once plagued caves in southwestern Virginia, but owing the zygonopids, remains to be resolved for to the secretive nature and comparative the genus Pseudotremia. Major problems rarity of these organisms, few specimens have concern the variation and speciation of this ever been obtained. To date, however, every group, especially in the southwestern portion cave (with one possible exception) in which of the state. In addition, a totally new spe- pseudoscorpions were collected have yielded cies of pseudotremid was recently obtained what will probably turn out to be discrete in Porters Cave, Bath County, and will be new species. These include Apochthonius described by N. B. Causey in the near future. sp. and Pseudozaona sp. from Cave Run Pit Two new species of isopods of completely Cave, Bath County; Mundochthonius sp. different families have been discovered since from Helsleys Cave, Shenandoah County; a 1958. One, a cirolonid, was collected from form similar to the European genus Pseudo- Madison Cave, Augusta County by T. C. blothrus from Maddens Cave, Shenandoah Barr, Jr. and possibly belongs to the other- County; and Kleptochthonius (Chamberlin- wise European genus, Sphaeromides. In 1960 ochthonius) sp. from Porters Cave, Bath the author Collected a new species of asellid County. isopod from three caves in southwestern Vir- Continued field work will doubtless*, add ginia.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Manchester's Guardian Underground Telephone Exchange
    Article for Transactions of the Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian Society Manchester’s Guardian Underground Telephone Exchange Richard Brook, Manchester School of Architecture Martin Dodge, Department of Geography, University of Manchester Introduction Deep under the heart of Manchester city centre lies a large network of reinforced concrete tunnels known as the Guardian Underground Telephone Exchange (GUTE). It is an ageing relic from the beginning of the Cold War era, built with some degree of secrecy in the mid 1950s, but it still operates silently and largely unmanned as an infrastructural space facilitating the communications of those above. Surprisingly little information regarding the GUTE is readily accessible and the subterranean nature of the structure itself acts to entomb the reality of its shape and scale. A lack of concrete information has allowed facts to be supplanted by myths, fostering numerous (mis)perceptions of the same intangible space. The GUTE was conceived during a time of escalating international tensions in the early 1950s as a ‘hardened’ bunker to protect vital national communication links in the event of an atomic bomb attack upon Manchester. However, this defining characteristic of subterranean defence was never achieved because, even before construction was complete in 1958, advances in nuclear weapons yield and the accuracy of intercontinental ballistic missiles meant the tunnel design would be ineffective for protection of the telecommunications machinery and personnel working within. The bombproof tunnels
    [Show full text]
  • Zoogeography of Epigean Freshwater Amphipoda (Crustacea) in Romania: Fragmented Distributions and Wide Altitudinal Variability
    Zootaxa 3893 (2): 243–260 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3893.2.5 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8336FFDA-F1A5-4026-A5B6-CCEBFF84F40A Zoogeography of epigean freshwater Amphipoda (Crustacea) in Romania: fragmented distributions and wide altitudinal variability DENIS COPILAȘ-CIOCIANU1, MICHAŁ GRABOWSKI2, LUCIAN PÂRVULESCU3 & ADAM PETRUSEK1 1Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Ecology, Viničná 7, 12844, Prague, Czech Republic. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 2University of Łódź, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Invertebrate Zoology & Hydrobiology, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Łódź, Poland. E-mail: [email protected] 3West University of Timișoara, Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, Geography, Department of Biology and Chemistry, Pestalozzi 16A, 300115, Timișoara, Romania. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Inland epigean freshwater amphipods of Romania are diverse and abundant for this region has a favourable geographical position between the Balkans and the Black Sea. Excluding Ponto-Caspian species originating in brackish waters and freshwater subterranean taxa, there are 11 formally recognized epigean freshwater species recorded from this country. They belong to 3 genera, each representing a different family: Gammarus (Gammaridae, 8 species or species complexes), Niphargus (Niphargidae, 2 epigean species) and Synurella (Crangonyctidae, one species). Their large-scale distribution patterns nevertheless remain obscure due to insufficient data, consequently limiting biogeographical interpretations. We provide extensive new data with high resolution distribution maps, thus improving the knowledge of the ranges of these taxa.
    [Show full text]
  • A Conservation Focused Inventory of Subterranean Invertebrates of the Southwest Illinois Karst
    Julian J. Lewis, Philip Moss, Diane Tecic, and Matthew E. Nelson - A conservation focused inventory of subterranean invertebrates of the southwest Illinois Karst. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 65, n. 1, p. 9-21. A CONSERVATION FOCUSED INVENTORY OF SUBTERRANEAN INVERTEBRATES OF THE SOUTHWESTERN ILLINOIS KARST JULIAN J. LEWIS J. Lewis and Associates, Biological Consulting, 217 W. Carter Avenue, Clarksville, IN 47129 USA PHILIP MOSS Ozark Underground Laboratory, 1572 Aley Lane, Protem, MO 65733 USA DIANE TECIC Natural Heritage Regional Administrator, 4521 Alton Commerce Parkwary, Alton, IL 62025 USA MATTHEW E. NELSON formerly The Nature Conservancy; current 7401 Placer Run, Fort Wayne, IN 46815 USA In 1998-1999 The Nature Conservancy conducted a bioinventory of caves in Monroe and St. Clair coun- ties in southwestern Illinois. This karst area comprises a small section of the Ozark Plateau isolated from the Missouri Ozarks by the Mississippi River. In the 71 sites that were sampled, 41 species thought to be globally rare were found and were assigned state (S) and global (G) ranks of rarity for conservation use. The list includes 10 species considered to be new to science and 12 species previously unreported from Illinois. Twenty four taxa were classified as obligate subterranean species, including four endemic species: the pseudoscorpion Mundochthonius cavernicolus, the amphipod Gammarus acherondytes, the milliped Chaetaspis sp. (undescribed), and the dipluran Eumesocampa sp. (undescribed). Gammarus acherondytes, recently listed as an endangered species, was found in six previously unsampled caves. All sites were rank-ordered according to the number of global and state rare species. The greatest single site diversity was found in Fogelpole Cave with 18 global and 20 state rare species.
    [Show full text]
  • SPECIES of CONCERN in VIRGINIA Last Updated: February 8, 2011 Scientific Name Common Name Rank AMPHIBIANS Plethodon Hubrich
    SPECIES OF CONCERN IN VIRGINIA Last Updated: February 8, 2011 Scientific Name Common Name Rank AMPHIBIANS Plethodon hubrichti Peaks of Otter salamander G2 Plethodon sherando Big Levels salamander G2 ANNELIDS Spelaedrilus multiporus A cave lumbriculid worm G1 Stylodrilus beattiei A cave lumbriculid worm G2G3 ARACHNIDS Apochthonius coecus A cave pseudoscorpion G1G2 Apochthonius holsingeri A cave pseudoscorpion G1G2 Chitrella sp. 1 A cave pseudoscorpion G1 Chitrella superba A cave pseudoscorpion G1 Foveacheles paralleloseta A cave mite G1 Islandiana muma A cave spider G1G2 Kleptochthonius anophthalmus A cave pseudoscorpion G1 Kleptochthonius binoculatus A cave pseudoscorpion G1G2 Kleptochthonius gertschi Gertsch’s cave pseudoscorpion G1 Kleptochthonius lutzi Lutz’s cave pseudoscorpion G1 Kleptochthonius polychaetus Shenandoah pseudoscorpion G1G3 Kleptochthonius proximosetus A cave pseudoscorpion G1 Kleptochthonius regulus A cave pseudoscorpion G1G2 Kleptochthonius similis A cave pseudoscorpion G1 Kleptochthonius sp. 1 A cave pseudoscorpion G1 Microcreagris valentinei Valentine’s cave pseudoscorpion G1 Mundochthonius holsingeri A cave pseudoscorpion G1 Nesticus mimus A cave spider G2 BIRDS Haliaeetus leucocephalus Bald eagle G5 CENTIPEDES Escaryus cryptorobius Montane centipede G2 Escaryus orestes Whitetop Mountain Centipede G1G2 Nampabius turbator A cave centipede G1G2 1 Scientific Name Common Name Rank CRUSTACEANS Amerigoniscus henroti Powell Valley terrestrial cave isopod G1G2 Bactrurus angulus Cumberland Gap cave amphipod G1 Caecidotea
    [Show full text]
  • September/October 2019 Issue
    Archibald and MACOA East Friends September/October 2 0 1 9 Come Travel With Us! (not just for members) Lancaster, PA and Historic Philadelphia! September 29 - October 5, 2019 $1300 per person single occupancy; $1050 per person double or triple occupancy Your 7 days/6 nights package includes 6 nights of hotel accommodations, 6 breakfasts at your hotel, 1 wonderful lunch and 3 dinners to include 2 Amish style dinner feasts, and 2 evening receptions at your hotel including hot food and beverages. We will watch the production of “Noah - Two by Two, The Voyage Began” at the fabulous Sight and Sound Theater, have a guided tour of Amish Farmlands in Lancaster County, a guided tour of Historic Philadelphia, a guided tour of the Gettysburg National Military Park, we will enjoy a visit to the Kitchen Kettle Village, take a 45 minute ride through the tranquil Amish countryside on the Strasburg Rail Road, and a visit to Hershey’s Chocolate World. Standard taxes, meal gratuities, baggage handling and motor coach transportation is included. WE STILL HAVE ROOM FOR TRAVELERS Full payment is due now. Make your reservation TODAY by calling the Archibald Center (334) 240-6767. (Travel Protection can be purchased at $92.00/person for double and triple occupancy; $119.00 for single occupancy. If you wish to purchase Travel Protection, please send in a separate check made payable to PML Travel & Tours.) The Archibald Senior Center is headed to the Shenandoah Valley and the Blue Ridge Mountains April 19 – April 24, 2020 for 6 days and 5 nights.
    [Show full text]
  • Blue Ridge Parkway DIRECTORY & TRAVEL PLANNER Includes the Parkway Milepost
    Blue Ridge Park way DIRECTORY & TRAVEL PLANNER Includes The Parkway Milepost Shenandoah National Park / Skyline Drive, Virginia Luray Caverns Luray, VA Exit at Skyline Drive Milepost 31.5 The Natural Bridge of Virginia Natural Bridge, VA Exit at Milepost 63.9 Grandfather Mountain Linville, NC Exit at Milepost 305.1 2011 COVER chosen.indd 3 1/25/11 1:09:28 PM The North The 62nd Edition Carolina Arboretum, OFFICIAL PUBLICATION BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY ASSOCIATION, INC. Asheville, NC. P. O. BOX 2136, ASHEVILLE, NC 28802 Exit at (828) 670-1924 Milepost 393 COPYRIGHT 2011 NO Portion OF THIS GUIDE OR ITS MAPS may BE REPRINTED WITHOUT PERMISSION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. PRINTED IN THE USA. Some Parkway photographs by William A. Bake, Mike Booher, Vickie Dameron and Jeff Greenberg © Blue Ridge Parkway Association Layout/Design: Imagewerks Productions: Fletcher, NC This free Travel Directory is published by the 500+ PROMOTING member Blue Ridge Parkway Association to help you more TOURISM FOR fully enjoy your Parkway area vacation. Our member- MORE THAN ship includes attractions, outdoor recreation, accom- modations, restaurants, 60 YEARS shops, and a variety of other services essential to the trav- eler. All our members are included in this Travel Directory. Distribution of the Directory does not imply endorsement by the National Park Service of the busi- nesses or commercial services listed. When you visit their place of business, please let them know you found them in the Blue Ridge Parkway Travel Directory. This will help us ensure the availability of another Directory for you the next time you visit the Parkway area.
    [Show full text]
  • Blue Ridge Park Way DIRECTORY TRAVEL PLANNER
    65 TH Edition Blue Ridge Park way www.blueridgeparkway.org DIRECTORY TRAVEL PLANNER Includes THE PARKWAY MILEPOST Biltmore Asheville, NC Exit at Milepost 388.8 Grandfather Mountain Linville, NC Exit at Milepost 305.1 Roanoke Star and Overlook Roanoke, VA Exit at Milepost 120 Official Publication of the Blue Ridge Parkway Association The 65th Edition OFFICIAL PUBLICATION BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY ASSOCIATION, INC. P. O. BOX 2136, ASHEVILLE, NC 28802 (828) 670-1924 www.blueridgeparkway.org • [email protected] COPYRIGHT 2014 NO Portion OF THIS GUIDE OR ITS MAPS may BE REPRINTED WITHOUT PERMISSION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. PRINTED IN THE USA. Some Parkway photographs by William A. Bake, Mike Booher, Vicki Dameron and Jeff Greenberg © Blue Ridge Parkway Association Layout/Design: Imagewerks Productions: Arden, NC This free Directory & Travel PROMOTING Planner is published by the 500+ member Blue Ridge TOURISM FOR Parkway Association to help Chimney Rock at you more fully enjoy your Chimney Rock State Park Parkway area vacation. MORE THAN Members representing attractions, outdoor recre- ation, accommodations, res- Follow us for more Blue Ridge Parkway 60 YEARS taurants, shops, and a variety of other services essential to information and resources: the traveler are included in this publication. When you visit their place of business, please let them know www.blueridgeparkway.org you found them in the Blue Ridge Parkway Directory & Travel Planner. This will help us ensure the availability of another Directory & Travel Planner for your next visit
    [Show full text]
  • Niphargus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) Species in Hungary: Literature Review, Current Taxonomy and the Updated Distribution of Valid Taxa
    Zootaxa 3974 (3): 361–376 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3974.3.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:54B50671-22A8-4BB1-9233-49133E598CB9 Niphargus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) species in Hungary: literature review, current taxonomy and the updated distribution of valid taxa GERGELY BALÁZS1, DOROTTYA ANGYAL2 & ELŐD KONDOROSY3 1 Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, H-1117. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Baross u. 13., Budapest, H-1088. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Department of Animal Sciences and Animal Husbandry, University of Pannonia, Deák Ferenc u. 16., Keszthely, H-8360. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Research of the Hungarian Niphargus species is a rather neglected field. This is due to the growing distance between the level of knowledge about Hungarian species and the elaboration determined by the international publications, which had caused a hardly negotiable inconvenience in the judgment of the state of the Hungarian species. The clarification of spe- cies in questionable positions could be the starting point of further inland research. During our work, the species with Hun- garian distributions were assigned based on the literature’s data, and were evaluated with morphological examinations of the specimens collected by us from their type localities and other habitats. Considering the validity of the species we cre- ated three categories. Eight of the 20 species proved to be invalid or non-inland species, three remain in an uncertain tax- onomic state, while nine are classifiable into the ’valid Hungarian species’ category.
    [Show full text]
  • CBD First National Report
    FIRST NATIONAL REPORT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA TO THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY July 2010 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................... 3 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................... 4 2. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Geographic Profile .......................................................................................... 5 2.2 Climate Profile ...................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Population Profile ................................................................................................. 7 2.4 Economic Profile .................................................................................................. 7 3 THE BIODIVERSITY OF SERBIA .............................................................................. 8 3.1 Overview......................................................................................................... 8 3.2 Ecosystem and Habitat Diversity .................................................................... 8 3.3 Species Diversity ............................................................................................ 9 3.4 Genetic Diversity ............................................................................................. 9 3.5 Protected Areas .............................................................................................10
    [Show full text]
  • Coleoptera: Carabidae) by Thomas C
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Crossref TRECHOBLEMUS IN NORTH AMERICA, WITH A KEY TO NORTH AMERICAN GENERA OF TREX2HINAE (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) BY THOMAS C. BARR, JR. The University of Kentucky, Lexington Trechoblemus Ganglbauer is a genus of trechine beetles (Tre- chinae: Trechini: Trechina) previously known only from Europe and Asia. It formed the type genus of Jeannel's "S6rie phyl6tique de Trechoblemus". and is generally regarded as closely related to cavernicolous trechines in Japan, the Carpathians and Transylvanian Alps of eastern Europe, and eastern United States (Barr, I969; Jeannel, I928, I962; U6no and Yoshida, I966). The large cave beetle genus Pseudanophthalmus Jeannel, with approximately 75 species in caves of ten eastern States, the monobasic genus Nea- phaenops Jeannel, from Kentucky caves, and the dibasic genus ]gelsonites Valentine, ]rorn Tennessee and Kentucky, are part of the Trechoblemus complex. The apparent restriction of Trechoblemus to Eurasia led previous investigators to conclude that, with respect to the richly diverse trechine fauna in caves of eastern United States, "there are no im- mediate, ancestral genera now present in North America" (Barr, 969, p. 83). Although there is at least one edaphobitic (obligate in soil) species of American Pseudanophthalmus known (P. sylvaticus Barr, I967), in the mountains of West Virginia, it has already lost eyes, wings, and pigment, and merely indicates that many of the "regressive" evolutionary changes in ancestral Pseudanohthal- mus may have taken place in the soil or deep humus before the beetles became restricted to caves. Most of the species of Pseuda- nophthalmus from eastern Europe (Barr, 964) are also eyeless edaphobites.
    [Show full text]
  • CUMBERLAND VALLEY CAVER Published by FRANKLIN COUNTY GROTTO an Affiliate of the National Speleological Society
    CUMBERLAND VALLEY CAVER Published by FRANKLIN COUNTY GROTTO An affiliate of the National Speleological Society Vol. 11, No 2 June 2010 2010 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE CHAIR-PERSON MEMBERSHIP DUES Kenneth C. Jones 4446 Duffield Rd. REGULAR (NSS MEMBER) $10 Chambersburg, PA 17201 NON-NSS MEMBERS $12 (717) 267-2669 FAMILY MEMBERS $ 3 LIFE (NSS ONLY) 20 x Reg SECRETARY VICE-CHAIRMAN TREASURER Pat Minnick Kenneth B. Tayman Anne Shepard 14220 Blue Mountain Rd 13373 Sunrise Drive 14220 Blue Mountain Rd Waynesboro, PA 17268 Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214 Waynesboro, PA 17268 (717) 765-0521 (717) 794-2069 (717) 765-0521 EDITOR MEMBER-AT-LARGE MEMBER-AT-LARGE Kenneth B. Tayman Gordy Ley Dane Wagle 13373 Sunrise Drive 34 North Miller St Box 277 Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214 Fairfield, PA 17320 Fairfield, PA 17320 (717) 794-2069 (717) 642-8970 (717) 642-5865 Franklin County Grotto meetings are held the 3rd Monday of the month in New Franklin Fire Department, New Franklin, PA. The fire department is located on PA Route 316, 3 miles east of I-81 (exit #14). The meeting starts at 7:30 PM. Both grotto caving trips and smaller individual trips are planned at these meetings. All members are invited depending on their ability to safely participate. You must attend at least one vertical training session in order to participate in vertical trips. Contact any of the above individuals for more information. The Cumberland Valley Caver is published a couple of times per year by the Franklin County Grotto PA. All cave related articles should be submitted to the editor for publication.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin of the National Speleological
    Note: These pages were produced from a copy of the original document. Some of the text was produced by optical character recognition, but much of it was entered by hand because the original copy was very poor quality. The text has been checked, but it probably still contains some errors. Any critical text should be compared to the original document image before being used. Bob Hoke, March 2008 Bulletin of the National Speleological Society (NSS logo goes here) MAY 1941 50¢ Per Copy TABLE OF CONTENTS Society Emblem-----------------------------1 Advanced Cave Safety-----------------------1 Wm. J. Stephenson Trapping for Cave Beetles------------------4 J. Manson Valentine Marlinton Trip-----------------------------7 Jack Preble Bloch In Interview-------------------------9 Sixth Sense of Togo------------------------10 The Use of Color Photography in Caves------11 John T. Meenehan Interesting Items from the Correspondence Files--------------------------------------12 News from New England----------------------16 Lake Lure Cave Trip------------------------18 Jack Schultz Rumbling Bald Mountain Caves---------------19 Dead Dog Cave------------------------------22 Berryville-Charlestown Road Cave-----------23 Baldwin Caves------------------------------25 Allen's Cave-------------------------------26 Horseshoe Cave-----------------------------27 Trip To Hell-Hole and School House Caves---27 Jean R. Williams Whiting's Neck Cave------------------------29 John's Cave--------------------------------30 Arkansas' Unsung Wonder--------------------30 George
    [Show full text]