From Taming Savages to Going Native Self and Other on the Taiwan Aboriginal Frontier
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Whose History and by Whom: an Analysis of the History of Taiwan In
WHOSE HISTORY AND BY WHOM: AN ANALYSIS OF THE HISTORY OF TAIWAN IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE PUBLISHED IN THE POSTWAR ERA by LIN-MIAO LU (Under the Direction of Joel Taxel) ABSTRACT Guided by the tenet of sociology of school knowledge, this study examines 38 Taiwanese children’s trade books that share an overarching theme of the history of Taiwan published after World War II to uncover whether the seemingly innocent texts for children convey particular messages, perspectives, and ideologies selected, preserved, and perpetuated by particular groups of people at specific historical time periods. By adopting the concept of selective tradition and theories of ideology and hegemony along with the analytic strategies of constant comparative analysis and iconography, the written texts and visual images of the children’s literature are relationally analyzed to determine what aspects of the history and whose ideologies and perspectives were selected (or neglected) and distributed in the literary format. Central to this analysis is the investigation and analysis of the interrelations between literary content and the issue of power. Closely related to the discussion of ideological peculiarities, historians’ research on the development of Taiwanese historiography also is considered in order to examine and analyze whether the literary products fall into two paradigms: the Chinese-centric paradigm (Chinese-centricism) and the Taiwanese-centric paradigm (Taiwanese-centricism). Analysis suggests a power-and-knowledge nexus that reflects contemporary ruling groups’ control in the domain of children’s narratives in which subordinate groups’ perspectives are minimalized, whereas powerful groups’ assumptions and beliefs prevail and are perpetuated as legitimized knowledge in society. -
Hoshi Pharmaceuticals in the Interwar Years Timothy M. Yang Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of Th
Market, Medicine, and Empire: Hoshi Pharmaceuticals in the Interwar Years Timothy M. Yang Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2013 © 2013 Timothy M. Yang All rights reserved ABSTRACT Market, Medicine, and Empire: Hoshi Pharmaceuticals in the Interwar Years Timothy M. Yang This dissertation examines the connections between global capitalism, modern medicine, and empire through a close study of Hoshi Pharmaceuticals during the interwar years. As one of the leading drug companies in East Asia at the time, Hoshi embodied Japan's imperial aspirations, rapid industrial development, and burgeoning consumer culture. The company attempted to control every part of its supply and distribution chain: it managed plantations in the mountains of Taiwan and Peru for growing coca and cinchona (the raw material for quinine) and contracted Turkish poppy farmers to supply raw opium for government-owned refineries in Taiwan. Hoshi also helped shape modern consumer culture in Japan and its colonies, and indeed, became an emblem for it. At its peak in the early 1920s, Hoshi had a network of chain stores across Asia that sold Hoshi-brand patent medicines, hygiene products, and household goods. In 1925, however, the company's fortunes turned for the worse when an opium trading violation raised suspicions of Hoshi as a front for the smuggling of narcotics through Manchuria and China. Although the company was a key supplier of medicines to Japan's military during World War Two, it could not financially recover from the fallout of the opium scandal. -
The Phoenix of Colonial War: Race, the Laws of War, and the ‘Horror on the Rhine’
The Phoenix of Colonial War: Race, the Laws of War, and the ‘Horror on the Rhine’ Rotem Giladi+* Abstract The paper explores the demise of the ‘colonial war’ category through the employment of French colonial troops, under the 1918 armistice, to occupy the German Rhineland. It traces the prevalence of—and the anxieties underpinning— antebellum doctrine on using ‘Barbarous Forces’ in ‘European’ war. It then records the silence of postbellum scholars on the ‘horror on the Rhine’—orchestrated allegations of rape framed in racialised terms of humanity and the requirements of the law of civilised warfare. Among possible explanations for this silence, the paper follows recent literature that considers this scandal as the embodiment of crises in masculinity, white domination, and European civilisation. These crises, like the scandal itself, expressed antebellum jurisprudential anxieties about the capacity—and implications—of black soldiers being ‘drilled white’. They also deprived postbellum lawyers of the vocabulary necessary to address what they signified: breakdown of the laws of war; evident, self-inflicted European barbarity; and the collapse of international law itself, embodied by the Versailles Diktat treating Germany—as Smuts warned, ‘as we would not treat a kaffir nation’—a colonial ‘object’, as Schmitt lamented. Last, the paper traces the resurgence of ‘colonial war’. It reveals how, at the moment of collapse, in the very instrument signifying it, the category found a new life. The Covenant’s Art.22(5) reasserted control over the colonial object, thus furnishing international lawyers with new vocabulary to address the employment of colonial troops— yet, now, as part of the ‘law of peace’. -
Gender, Ritual and Social Formation in West Papua
Gender, ritual Pouwer Jan and social formation Gender, ritual in West Papua and social formation A configurational analysis comparing Kamoro and Asmat Gender,in West Papua ritual and social Gender, ritual and social formation in West Papua in West ritual and social formation Gender, This study, based on a lifelong involvement with New Guinea, compares the formation in West Papua culture of the Kamoro (18,000 people) with that of their eastern neighbours, the Asmat (40,000), both living on the south coast of West Papua, Indonesia. The comparison, showing substantial differences as well as striking similarities, contributes to a deeper understanding of both cultures. Part I looks at Kamoro society and culture through the window of its ritual cycle, framed by gender. Part II widens the view, offering in a comparative fashion a more detailed analysis of the socio-political and cosmo-mythological setting of the Kamoro and the Asmat rituals. These are closely linked with their social formations: matrilineally oriented for the Kamoro, patrilineally for the Asmat. Next is a systematic comparison of the rituals. Kamoro culture revolves around cosmological connections, ritual and play, whereas the Asmat central focus is on warfare and headhunting. Because of this difference in cultural orientation, similar, even identical, ritual acts and myths differ in meaning. The comparison includes a cross-cultural, structural analysis of relevant myths. This publication is of interest to scholars and students in Oceanic studies and those drawn to the comparative study of cultures. Jan Pouwer (1924) started his career as a government anthropologist in West New Guinea in the 1950s and 1960s, with periods of intensive fieldwork, in particular among the Kamoro. -
Topic Guides Pimun 2018
TOPIC GUIDES PIMUN 2018 The Historical Crisis 1 The Manchurian Crisis and Chinese Civil War - PIMUN 2018 2 Letter from the Directors Dear Delegates, On behalf of the entire crisis team and the PIMUN secretariat, it is an absolute pleasure to welcome you to this year’s PIMUN 2018 Historical Crisis. This year’s topic is the Manchurian Crisis, Chinese Civil War and its corresponding events that dominate the East Asian Theatre during the 1930s. The crisis is framed around three cabinets: Imperial Japan, the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), where actions and events can be infinitely defined by combinations of either cooperation or factionalism and loyalty or treachery in the arena of high politics, the harrowing fields of battle or even the diverse strata and hierarchies within society. Both domestic and foreign affairs will therefore shape the scenario and set the markers for which you can flourish. As such, it is very much up to you what you think is best for your faction and the beliefs/ideologies that may define you, but ultimately what is also best for your nation. It is therefore key to maintain not only interpersonal relations within your cabinet, but also inter-cabinet relations to obtain your main goals. This study guide acts as an introduction, but not sole resource, to the situation the crisis revolves around. It acts as the primary structure and system that can be constantly referred to when researching the topic. However, this does not mean you are limited to the information provided within this study guide. -
Japanese Anthropologists and Colonial Police on the Taiwanese Aboriginal Frontier
From Fieldwork to Imperial Violence: Japanese anthropologists and colonial police on the Taiwanese aboriginal frontier Toulouse-Antonin Roy Department of East Asian Studies McGill University, Montreal, Canada April 2014 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts. © Toulouse-Antonin Roy, 2014 1 Abstract: From the early 1900s to the mid-1910s, the Japanese colonial regime in Taiwan launched a series of brutal military operations aimed at conquering the island’s aborigines territories. As the Japanese army and police secured their control of aboriginal lands, anthropologists also began traveling to Taiwan. Hoping to develop theories that would link Japan’s ethno-racial ancestry to the South Pacific, these anthropologists constructed various racial taxonomies to divide up the island’s various tribes. These taxonomies helped justify deployment of Japanese police forces across Taiwan’s aboriginal lands during the period of violent military campaigns undertaken by the colonial state from the early 1900s to the mid-1910s. This paper examines the relationship between anthropology and imperial policing in Japanese-occupied Taiwan, with a focus on the ways in which colonial security forces drew from a vast store of anthropological discourses to justify extra-judicial operations of violence. 2 Résumé : À partir du début des années 1900 jusqu’au milieu des années 1910, le régime colonial japonais à Taiwan a lancé une série d’opérations militaires ayant pour but la conquête des territoires autochtones de l’île. Une fois que l’armée japonaise et les forces policières ont établi leur contrôle sur ces terres autochtones, plusieurs anthropologues japonais commencèrent à voyager à Taiwan. -
The Uncommon Enemy: First Nations and Empires in King William's War
The Uncommon Enemy: First Nations and Empires in King William's War By Steven Schwinghamer A Thesis Submitted to Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, Nova Scotia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in History May 2007, Halifax, Nova Scotia Copyright Steven Schwinghamer, 2007 Dr Greg Marquis External Examiner Dr Michael Vance Reader Dr John Reid Supervisor Date: 4th May 2007 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Library and Bibliotheque et Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-30278-1 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-30278-1 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce,Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve,sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet,distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform,et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. -
The Ethnographic Experiment in Island Melanesia ♦L♦
Introduction The Ethnographic Experiment in Island Melanesia ♦l♦ Edvard Hviding and Cato Berg Anthropology in the Making: To the Solomon Islands, 1908 In 1908, three British scholars travelled, each in his own way, to the south-western Pacific in order to embark on pioneering anthropological fieldwork in the Solomon Islands. They were William Halse Rivers Rivers, Arthur Maurice Hocart and Gerald Camden Wheeler. Rivers (1864–1922), a physician, psychologist and self-taught anthropologist, was already a veteran fieldworker, having been a member of the Cambridge Torres Strait Expedition for seven months in 1898 (Herle and Rouse 1998), after which he had also carried out five months of fieldwork among the tribal Toda people of South India in 1901–2 (see Rivers 1906). The Torres Strait Expedition was a large-scale, multi-disciplinary effort with major funding, and had helped change a largely embryonic, descrip- tive anthropology into a modern discipline – reflective of the non-anthro- pological training of expedition leader Alfred Cort Haddon and his team, among whom Rivers and C.G. Seligman were to develop anthropological careers. During the expedition, Rivers not only engaged in a wide range of observations based on his existing training in psychology and physiology, but also increasingly collected materials on the social organisation of the Torres Strait peoples, work that ultimately resulted in him devising the ‘genealogical method’ for use by the growing discipline of anthropology, with which he increasingly identified. 2 Edvard Hviding and Cato Berg ♦ The 1908 fieldwork in Island Melanesia which is the focus of this book was on a much smaller scale than the Torres Strait Expedition, but it had 1 a more sharply defined anthropological agenda. -
The European Destruction of the Palace of the Emperor of China
Liberal Barbarism: The European Destruction of the Palace of the Emperor of China Ringmar, Erik 2013 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Ringmar, E. (2013). Liberal Barbarism: The European Destruction of the Palace of the Emperor of China. Palgrave Macmillan. Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Download date: 06. Oct. 2021 Part I Introduction 99781137268914_02_ch01.indd781137268914_02_ch01.indd 1 77/16/2013/16/2013 1:06:311:06:31 PPMM 99781137268914_02_ch01.indd781137268914_02_ch01.indd 2 77/16/2013/16/2013 1:06:321:06:32 PPMM Chapter 1 Liberals and Barbarians Yuanmingyuan was the palace of the emperor of China, but that is a hope lessly deficient description since it was not just a palace but instead a large com- pound filled with hundreds of different buildings, including pavilions, galleries, temples, pagodas, libraries, audience halls, and so on. -
Jack P. Greene's “Gifts of Peace”: the Great War For
JACK P. GREENE’S “GIFTS OF PEACE”: THE GREAT WAR FOR THE EMPIRE AND COLONIAL AMERICAN GROWTH I. 1689-97, King William's War [War of the League of Augsburg] II. 1702-1713, Queen Anne's War [War of Spanish Succession] Treaty of Utrecht (1713) A. First two wars in America. B. British colonials fought against the French and their Indian allies. Both France and England at this stage did not consider America worth the commitment of regular troops, so primitive guerrilla warfare prevailed. C. French-inspired Indians ravaged the British colonial frontiers in New York and Massachusetts. D. Spain, eventually allied with France. E. For their part the English colonials failed in attempts to capture Quebec and Montreal but did temporarily seize the stronghold of Port Royal in Acadia (present-day Nova Scotia). F. Results of first two wars: 1. Drop in population growth of people of European extraction in British North America a. 1670-1690 80.3% b. 1690-1710 48.1% 2. Decline in overseas trade 3. Decline in black population growth, which may mean decline in slave trade G. Treaty of Utrecht (1713) 1. England was rewarded with French-populated Acadia (which the English renamed Nova Scotia, or New Scotland), Newfoundland, and Hudson Bay. 2. British won limited trading rights in Spanish America (closed colonial system) III. Peace, 1713-1739 A. Triple Alliance between France, Britain, and Netherlands to maintain status quo and prevent warfare B. Walpole Ministry 1721-1742 1. Wanted internal stability a. New kings George I (1714-1727); George II (1727-1760) b. -
Sanctuary Lost: the Air War for ―Portuguese‖ Guinea, 1963-1974
Sanctuary Lost: The Air War for ―Portuguese‖ Guinea, 1963-1974 Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Matthew Martin Hurley, MA Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2009 Dissertation Committee: Professor John F. Guilmartin, Jr., Advisor Professor Alan Beyerchen Professor Ousman Kobo Copyright by Matthew Martin Hurley 2009 i Abstract From 1963 to 1974, Portugal and the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (Partido Africano da Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde, or PAIGC) waged an increasingly intense war for the independence of ―Portuguese‖ Guinea, then a colony but today the Republic of Guinea-Bissau. For most of this conflict Portugal enjoyed virtually unchallenged air supremacy and increasingly based its strategy on this advantage. The Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa, abbreviated FAP) consequently played a central role in the war for Guinea, at times threatening the PAIGC with military defeat. Portugal‘s reliance on air power compelled the insurgents to search for an effective counter-measure, and by 1973 they succeeded with their acquisition and employment of the Strela-2 shoulder-fired surface-to-air missile, altering the course of the war and the future of Portugal itself in the process. To date, however, no detailed study of this seminal episode in air power history has been conducted. In an international climate plagued by insurgency, terrorism, and the proliferation of sophisticated weapons, the hard lessons learned by Portugal offer enduring insight to historians and current air power practitioners alike. -
Tracing Sixteenth Century Beads in South America to Understand Their Impact on Indigenous Ritual Practices and Material Culture at the Time of the Spanish Conquest
Tracing Sixteenth Century Beads in South America to Understand Their Impact on Indigenous Ritual Practices and Material Culture at the Time of the Spanish Conquest The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Feinzig, Kristi May. 2017. Tracing Sixteenth Century Beads in South America to Understand Their Impact on Indigenous Ritual Practices and Material Culture at the Time of the Spanish Conquest. Master's thesis, Harvard Extension School. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33813391 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Tracing Sixteenth Century Beads in South America to Understand Their Impact on Indigenous Ritual Practices and Material Culture at the Time of the Spanish Conquest Kristi May Feinzig A Thesis in the Field of Anthropology and Archaeology for the Degree of Master of Liberal Arts in Extension Studies Harvard University March 2017 © March 2017 Kristi M. Feinzig Abstract This thesis examines bead preferences in Peru, Venezuela, and Colombia before and after the Spanish Conquest during the sixteenth century. By examining the spread of beads across a region, I was able to gain insight into colors and materials that people desired and identify potential patterns of resistance to glass beads. Information about the cultures and societies of my study are gleaned from examining glass and shell bead dispersion and their use before and after this period of significant cultural impact.