LOUIS POUZIN, Open-Root, FR

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LOUIS POUZIN, Open-Root, FR Louis Pouzin was born in1931 in France. He invented the datagram and he is known as one of internet’s father. He graduated from École Polytechnique in Paris. Louis POUZIN has acquired an international reputation as an expert in computer communications and network techniques. Most of his career has been devoted to the design and implementation of computer systems, such as CTSS the first large time sharing system at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), or the CYCLADES computer network and its datagram based packet switching network. His work was used by Robert Kahn, Vinton Cerf, and others in the development of TCP/IP protocols in the Internet. Besides his capacity in leading teams of top professionals, he is known internationally for his participation in early network standardization activities within IFIP, ISO and CCITT (now ITU-T), and his numerous publications, many of them have become educational material in network courses. As a lecturer, he is especially appreciated for presenting complex subjects in clear and understandable terms. He has published more than 80 articles and a book on computer networks and received a lot of awards. Among them he received: IFIP Silver Core, ACM SIGCOMM, IEEE Internet, ISOC Hall of Fame, and Chevalier of Légion d’Honneur. Pouzin was one of five Internet and Web pioneers awarded with the 1st Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering (QEPrize). On 25th June, 2013, he received his award from Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II at Buckingham Palace. In 2012, he founded with Chantal Lebrument an alternative root company called Open-Root, offering a new model for the management of top level domain names. .

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I: the Conception
Excerpt from: Mayo, Keenan and Newcomb, Peter. “How the Web Was Won,” Vanity Fair, July 2008. I: The Conception Paul Baran, an electrical engineer, conceived one of the Internet’s building blocks—packet switching— while working at the Rand Corporation around 1960. Packet switching breaks data into chunks, or “packets,” and lets each one take its own path to a destination, where they are re-assembled (rather than sending everything along the same path, as a traditional telephone circuit does). A similar idea was proposed independently in Britain by Donald Davies. Later in his career, Baran would pioneer the airport metal detector. Paul Baran: It was necessary to have a strategic system that could withstand a first attack and then be able to return the favor in kind. The problem was that we didn’t have a survivable communications system, and so Soviet missiles aimed at U.S. missiles would take out the entire telephone- communication system. At that time the Strategic Air Command had just two forms of communication. One was the U.S. telephone system, or an overlay of that, and the other was high-frequency or shortwave radio. So that left us with the interesting situation of saying, Well, why do the communications fail when the bombs were aimed, not at the cities, but just at the strategic forces? And the answer was that the collateral damage was sufficient to knock out a telephone system that was highly centralized. Well, then, let’s not make it centralized. Let’s spread it out so that we can have other paths to get around the damage.
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List of Internet Pioneers
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6.02 Lecture 23: a Brief History of the Internet
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2020-07-21 Internet Technology
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Non-IP Networking (NIN)
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