DOCSLIB.ORG

Symbolae Antillanae : Seu Fundamenta Florae Indiae

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

"SS-v>&^: - ^'^. :'*^.: . %i- "^Y^ ^-f-^. '% . V m n^ UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES t SYMBOLAE ANTILLANAE SEU FÜNDAMENTA FLORAE INDIAE OCCIDENTALIS EDIDIT I(>NATIUS ÜRBAN V L mi E N VI FASCICÜLÜS I I. Ign. Urban: Nova genera et species IV, p. 1 — 55 IL O.E. Schulz: Citharexylum Linn., p. 56 — 69 TTT- Ign. Urban: Incrementa siphonogamarum florae jamaicensis, p. 70 —131 IV, Ign, Urban : Zu N. L. Brittons Notes on "West Indian Cruciferae, p. 132 — 139 V, 0, E, Schulz: Solanacearum genera nonnulla, p,.140 — 192, LIPSIAE FRATRES BORNTRAEGER 1909 PARISIIS LONDINI PAUL KLINCKSIECK WILLIAMS & NOEGATE 3, RUE CORNEILLE 14, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT ÖARDEN In lucem prodiit die 15. m. Julii Vol. IV fasc. III (Florae portoi-. continuatio) anno proximo edetur ^ ^ O I. Nova genera et species IV. Exposuit Ignatius Ukban. Gramineae. (Auotore R. Pilger.) Dantlioiiia domiiigeiisis Hack, et Pilger (n. sp.); partes basales plantae mihi non visae; culmus tenuis satis elatus, laevis, glaberrimus, infra paniculam longa nudus, nodis paucis, internodiis pro parte tantiini vaginis obtectis; foliorum ciilmeorum lamina stricta, erecta, anguste filiformi-iuvüluta, acuta sed vix pmigens, niargine scabro-ciliolata (folii inferioris iu specim. 6 cm. longa, folii superioris sub paniciila 2 cm. longa), vagina arcte adpressa, laevis, glaberrima, sti'iata; pani- ciila depauperata, 8 cm. longa, rhachis stricta, tenuis, hirta, rami in- feriores patentes, spiculis paucis distantibus, breviter pedicellatis ornati, spiculae ad rhachin superne singulae, breviter pedicellatae; spiculae stramineae, pro genere mediocres, 4-florae; ghiraae vacuae spiculam haud aequantes, parum inaequales, inferior anguste ovalis, obtusa, apice parum denticulata, 6,5 mm. longa, mediano percurrente, nervis utroque latere 2 — 3 brevibus, diversa longitudine, superior similis, ovato-lanceolata, 7,5 mm. longa; rhachilla spiculae fragilis, internodia er. 1 mm. longa, ad basin glumarum superpositarum affixa, mar- ginibus albido-hirsuta; gluma florifera late elliptica, apice bipartita et breviter 2-aristata, arista media e sinu orta scaberrima, sicca reflexa, haud torta, gluma nervis 9 instriicta, dorso inferne sparse pilis longis albidis hirsuta, cum arista 12 — 13 mm., usque ad apicem aristarum lateralium 7 mm. longa; palea anguste elliptica, ad carinas arcte late inflexa et dense ciliolulata, 4,5 mm. longa; flos 9? staminum anthera 3 mm. longa, stili ad basin discreti, Stigmata laxe plumigera, lodi- culae 2 cuneatae. Hab. in Sto. Domingo in Valle nuevo, 2270 m. alt., m. Majo flor.: Eggers n. 2227 ^ Anm. Trotz des etwas mangelhaften Exemplars, das nur aus einem mit zwei Blättern und kleiner Rispe versehenen Halm besteht, verdient die Urhan, Symb. ant. VI. 1 199ÜÖ1 2 Ion. TJrban: Art jetzt schon beschrieben zu werden, da einmal ihr Yorkommen von grossem Interesse ist und dann auch ihre Merkmale (wie die relativ kurzen Deck- spelzen, die ungedrehten Grannen) charakteristisch genug sind, um ein Wiedererkennen immer zu ermöglichen. Bouteloua Yaiieedeiiii Pilger (n. sp.); culmi graciles, teuues, erecti, parte inferiore tantum leviter geniculati, + (saepe longe) e Vagina supreraa exserti, pauci- (er. 2-) nodi, inferne ramosi, vaginae ([uam interuodia breviores; innovatioues paiicae, extravaginales, erectae; foliorum lamina angustissima, filiformi-involuta, glabra, acuta, 8 — 12 cm. longa, hie illie pilis longis, in tiibereulis sitis inspersa, ligula per- brevis, apiee pilosula, vagina augusta, erasse striata; infloreseentia elongata, raeenium ad er. 16 — 17 em. longum formans, rhachis recta, tenuis, angulata; faseiculi spieularum (spieae valde abbreviatae) ad rhaehin raeemi distantes, breviter peduneulati e spieulis 2 — 4 (tum 2 sterilibus, paree evolutis) corapositi, 6 — 8 mm. tantum longi; rhachis spicarum abbreviatarum erassa, rigida, subulata, acuta, applanata, serrulato-scabra, nervis 2 eonspieuis instructa, 4,5 mm. longa; spieula in spica superior: glumae vacuae aeutae, scabrae, inferior subulato- laneeolata, l-nervia, superior laneeolata, major, 4 — 4,5 mm. longa; gluma florifera ovaiis, coneava, 3-nervia, breviter 3-aristata, 5 mm. longa: palea glumam aequans, rigida, ovaiis, marginibiis inflexa, bicus- pidata, nervi supenie imprimis conspicui; gluma superior sterilis forma variaus, modo laminam brevem praebens, aristis 3 instructa, arista media laterales duplo superans, gluma cum arista er. C mm. longa, modo magis reducta, nonnunquam fere ad aiistam simplicem; spieula in spica inferior superiori similis, sed stricte uniflora, gluma florifera 4 mm. longa; praeter lias spiculas fertiles ad basin rliachidis spieae saepe spieulae steriles 1 — 2 + rcduetae. Hab. in insula Anguilla, m. Sept. fl. et fiuct.: Boldingh n.3512B. Obs. In honorem beati van Ekden, directoris musei coloniaiis in nrbe Uaarlom, nominata. <jui summam legaverat, cujus usuris el. I. Boldikgu iter aiitillaiium \>. p. absolvit. Anm. Wie ersichtlich, variiren die kleinen Aeln-en, die die trauben- föiinige Inflorescenz zusammensetzen, ziemlich stark; das betrifft auch bo- Konders die stoiile Spelze des oberen Aclnchens, die manchmal nur aus einer kurzen Granne mit schwadier Andeutung von Scitengranncn bestellt, dann aber auch wieder eine kloine Spfilzenfläche mit drei kiäftigon Grannen dai- Htellen kann. Das obere Aehrchen eilt dem unteren in der Entwicklung voraus; es linden sich in ihm fast reife Früclite, während im unteren Aehr- chen noch Staubblätter uml junge Fruchtknoten vorhanden sind; letzterer i.st obovat, mit zwei kurzen, von (iiiunl ab getrennten Griffeln mit dicht und lang fcdorigen Narlx^n. Die neue Art ,,teht nach Form des Jilüthenstandes und Aufbau der kiii/.M A.brcii in V..ru:,,|(ltKchaft mit B. rnceniom Lag., doch sind hier die Nova geuera et species IV 3 Aehren grösser und es kommen in mehreren Aehrchen sterile Spelzen vor; ferner sind die Blätter breiter imd niemals durchgängig fein fadenförmig zusammengerollt. Zeuffites amcricaiia Willd. subsp. haitiensis Pilger (nov. subsp.); ciümi gracillimi, decimibentes, e nodis radicantes; foliorum lamina ovata, acutata, parva, ad 2 cm. longa, plerumqiie brevior; inflorescentia terminalis brevis pauciflora; glumae brevissime scabrido-hirtae, margine ciliolulatae, iiervis valde prominentibiis ; arista glumae floriferae floris feminei brevis, semper quam ipsa brevior; flores masculi siuguli. Hab. in Haiti iu montib. Furcy, m. Nov. flor.: Picarda n. 1523. Anm. Die Unterart ist von Z. americana in der typischen Form, die von Jamaica stammt, erheblich unterschieden; die Jamaicenser Exemplare zeigen folgende Differenzen: Die Halme sind derber, wenigstens im unteren Theil aufrecht, mit extravaginalen Trieben am Halmgrund, die Blätter länger; die Gelenke an der Spitze des Blattstieles sind meist ganz kahl, selten schwach behaart, bei unserer Unterart dagegen locker steifhaarig; die Aehr- chen sind fast glatt, doch ist hierin keine Konstanz vorhanden, es sind vielmehr auch mehr oder weniger rauhe imd an den Rändern schwach ge- wimperte Spelzen aufzufinden, wie überhaupt dies Merkmal im Formenkreis ziemlich schwankend ist; die Hüllspelzen sind etwas breiter und nicht so stark genervt; die Granne der Deckspelze ist länger; die männlichen Blüthen stehen lockerer, häufig sind zwei, gelegentlich auch eine dritte vorhanden. Ich würde die Unterart als besondere Art neben Z. americana "W. be- schrieben haben, wenn diese nicht eine weitere Verbreitung hätte und in mehreren Formen aufträte, die wohl von der Form aus Jamaica deutlich verschieden sind, aber doch die Abtrennung als eigene Arten nicht recht- fertigen, da die Unterschiede ziemlich geringfügig sind. So muss meiner Ansicht nach Z. mexicana (Kth.) Trin. als Unterart zu Z. americana gezogen werden; die Unterschiede sind folgende: Die Deckspelze der weiblichen Blüte ist bei Z. americana subsp. mexicana (Kth.) Pilger unbegrannt, die männlichen Blüthen (1 — 2) sind mehr genähert; im Habitus ist die Unterart nicht verschieden, die Halme sind ziemlich kräftig, im unteren Theil auf- recht oder + niederliegend, die Gelenke an der Spitze des Blattstieles sind schwach behaart. Die Subspec. mexicana kommt auch in Columbien vor (Lehmajcis' n. 6977). Ferner ist eine sehr nahestehende Form aus Peru (Weberbauer n. 628) und Bolivien (Bang n. 2181) bekannt; diese unter- scheidet sich von der Unterart durch die violette Färbung der Spelzen, durch ganz kurze Stachel spitzen an der Deckspelze und durchschnittlich etwas schmälere Blätter. Diese Merkmale giebt Grisebach (Fl. Br. W. Ind. .536) an für seine Z. colorata, die er nur in der Anmerkung ganz kurz beschreibt und von der ich das Originalexemplar (Pendler n. 2526, Yenezuela) nicht sah: Z. colorata has „ oblong -lanceolate leaves, petioles pubescent within at the summit, coloured spikelets and the 9 Aower verv shortly mucronate". Diese Art wird ohne Zweifel als Varietät zur Unterart mexicana zu ziehen sein und ich betrachte die beiden erwähnten Exemplare als zu ihr gehörig. Aus Mexico sind noch drei dieser Gruppe näher stehende Formen beschrieben worden: Z. Pringlei Scribn., eine wohl unterschiedene, leicht kenntliche Art. Z. Hariuegi Fourn. und Z. Munroana Hemsl. Z. Hartiregi 1* 4 Ion. ürban: nähert sich Z. amerk-ana melir. ninss aber doch als eigene Art aufrecht er- halten werden auf Grund folgender Merkmale: Die Hüllspelzen sind breiter und gewinipert, elienso die Deckspelzen der weiblichen Blüthe, die männ- lichen Blüthen sind zahlreicher und mehr gedrängt, ihre Deckspelzen sind bedeutend breiter als die Vorspelzen. Bei der Beschreibung von Z. Miinroana in der Biol. Centr. Americ.
Recommended publications
  • We Make It Easier for You to Sell

    We Make It Easier for You to Sell

    We Make it Easier For You to Sell Travel Agent Reference Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS ITEM PAGE ITEM PAGE Accommodations .................. 11-18 Hotels & Facilities .................. 11-18 Air Service – Charter & Scheduled ....... 6-7 Houses of Worship ................... .19 Animals (entry of) ..................... .1 Jamaica Tourist Board Offices . .Back Cover Apartment Accommodations ........... .19 Kingston ............................ .3 Airports............................. .1 Land, History and the People ............ .2 Attractions........................ 20-21 Latitude & Longitude.................. .25 Banking............................. .1 Major Cities......................... 3-5 Car Rental Companies ................. .8 Map............................. 12-13 Charter Air Service ................... 6-7 Marriage, General Information .......... .19 Churches .......................... .19 Medical Facilities ..................... .1 Climate ............................. .1 Meet The People...................... .1 Clothing ............................ .1 Mileage Chart ....................... .25 Communications...................... .1 Montego Bay......................... .3 Computer Access Code ................ 6 Montego Bay Convention Center . .5 Credit Cards ......................... .1 Museums .......................... .24 Cruise Ships ......................... .7 National Symbols .................... .18 Currency............................ .1 Negril .............................. .5 Customs ............................ .1 Ocho
  • List of Rivers of Jamaica

    List of Rivers of Jamaica

    Sl. No River Name Draining Into 1 South Negril River North Coast 2 Unnamed North Coast 3 Middle River North Coast 4 Unnamed North Coast 5 Unnamed North Coast 6 North Negril River North Coast 7 Orange River North Coast 8 Unnamed North Coast 9 New Found River North Coast 10 Cave River North Coast 11 Fish River North Coast 12 Green Island River North Coast 13 Lucea West River North Coast 14 Lucea East River North Coast 15 Flint River North Coast 16 Great River North Coast 17 Montego River North Coast 18 Martha Brae River North Coast 19 Rio Bueno North Coast 20 Cave River (underground connection) North Coast 21 Roaring River North Coast 22 Llandovery River North Coast 23 Dunn River North Coast 24 White River North Coast 25 Rio Nuevo North Coast 26 Oracabessa River North Coast 27 Port Maria River North Coast 28 Pagee North Coast 29 Wag Water River (Agua Alta) North Coast 30 Flint River North Coast 31 Annotto River North Coast 32 Dry River North Coast 33 Buff Bay River North Coast 34 Spanish River North Coast 35 Swift River North Coast 36 Rio Grande North Coast 37 Black River North Coast 38 Stony River North Coast 39 Guava River North Coast 40 Plantain Garden River North Coast 41 New Savannah River South Coast 42 Cabarita River South Coast 43 Thicket River South Coast 44 Morgans River South Coast 45 Sweet River South Coast 46 Black River South Coast 47 Broad River South Coast 48 Y.S. River South Coast 49 Smith River South Coast www.downloadexcelfiles.com 50 One Eye River (underground connection) South Coast 51 Hectors River (underground connection)
  • Jamaican Water Supply Improvement Project Category B

    Jamaican Water Supply Improvement Project Category B

    Government of Jamaica National Water Commission JAMAICAN WATER SUPPLY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT CATEGORY B INTERIM ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PIPELINE WORKS REPLACEMENT OF THE RIO COBRE PIPELINE (FROM CONTENT DISTRICT TO FERRY BOOSTER STATION) FERRY TO ROCKPOND TANK (UPPER RED HILLS) WATER SUPPLY FOREST HILLS/ RED HILLS WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK REHABILIATION August 2009 1 EIA Jamaican Water Supply Improvement Project (Pipelines) – August 2009 Executive Summary EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION The National Water Commission of Jamaica (NWC) and Vinci Construction Grands Projets (VCGP), a French Contractor, are desirous to implement the Jamaica Water Supply Improvement Project – Category B Works (JWSIP-B), an integrated water supply and service improvement project that will benefit major sections of Kingston, Saint Andrew and Saint Catherine. The main components of JWSIP-B are: - Rio Cobre Pipeline Replacement (section from the proposed water treatment plant at Content District to the Ferry Booster Station). - Relift Scheme with pumping main from the Ferry Station to the Rockpond Water Tank in Red Hills (Forest Hills / Red Hills) - Repair and Rehabilitation of the Forest Hills / Red Hills water distribution network. - Construction of the 15 million gallon per day (mgd) Rio Cobre water treatment plant NWC has prepared an interim Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the pipeline works, providing an evaluation of the sites for the proposed works, a description of the main elements of these works, predicted environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures. The EIA for the Rio Cobre Water Treatment Plant is prepared separately. 2 THE STUDY AREA The study area for the EIA covered the pipe works included in the Category B Works of the JWSIP, they being: • Rio Cobre Pipeline Replacement (section from the proposed water treatment plant at Content District to the Ferry Booster Station).
  • Jamaica Duck Surveys 2001

    Jamaica Duck Surveys 2001

    SURVEYS OF MIGRATORY DUCKS IN JAMAICAN WETLANDS - PHASE ONE: JANUARY - APRIL 2001 Report Prepared For The Natural Resources Conservation Authority/ National Environment and Planning Agency And Ducks Unlimited By Ann Haynes Sutton Ph.D., Marshall's Pen,PO Box 58, Mandeville, Jamaica W.I. and D. Brandon Hay Caribbean Coastal Areas Management Foundation, PO Box 33, Lionel Town, Clarendon, Jamaica W.I. January 2002 Cover Photograph shows Blue-winged Teal (male). Source Ducks Unlimited Canada by Guy Fontaine. SURVEYS OF MIGRATORY DUCKS IN JAMAICA PHASE ONE: JANUARY - APRIL 2001 Report Prepared For The Natural Resources Conservation Authority/ National Environment and Planning Agency And Ducks Unlimited By Ann Haynes Sutton Ph.D. Marshall's Pen PO Box 58 Mandeville Jamaica WI and D. Brandon Hay Caribbean Coastal Area Management Foundation PO Box 33, Lionel Town Clarendon Jamaica WI January 2002 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 ................................................................................................ ...................................................................................................................................................................ObjectivesObjectives 1 2.0 ................................................................................................ .............................................................................................................................................................BackgroundBackground 1 3.0 MethoMethodsdsds...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................22
  • Jamaica Country Profile General Country Information Jamaica Was

    Jamaica Country Profile General Country Information Jamaica Was

    Jamaica Country Profile General Country Information Jamaica was originally inhabited by the Arawaks (also called Tainos) who named the island Xaymaca meaning ‘Land of wood and water’. The Arawak led a peaceful and quiet life until 1494 when Christopher Columbus discovered the island. By the early 16th century the Spanish had settled on the island and exterminated the Tainos and replacing them with African slaves. In 1655 the English invaded and seized the island from the British and established a plantation economy. Slavery was abolished in 1834 and Jamaica obtained its independence in 1962. Jamaica is the third largest island of the Caribbean, spanning an area of 10,990km2 and has a population of 2.9 million people. Jamaica lies south of Cuba and West of Hispaniola. The capital of Jamaica is Kingston with native language being English. The island is made up of coastal lowlands, a limestone plateau and the Blue Mountains. Jamaica’s National Symbols Figure 1: Map of Jamaica Figure 2: Flag of Jamaica Figure 3: Coat of Arms Figure 4: National Tree- Blue Mahoe Figure 5: National Flower - Lignum Vitae Figure 6: National Fruit - Ackee Figure 7: National Bird - Doctor Bird Economy of Jamaica According to the World Bank Jamaica is a middle-income economy who in 2013 launched a reform program to stabilize its economy, reduce debt, fuel growth, gaining national and international support. Since its implementation public debt fell below 100 percent of GDP, employment rate grew by 8.7% and the Jamaican economy grew 2% in the fourth quarter of 2018. This growth in the economy was possible due to growth in agriculture, manufacturing, mining and quarrying activities.
  • Historic Jamaica : with Fifty-Two Illustrations

    Historic Jamaica : with Fifty-Two Illustrations

    CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ^ ^OTTien university LiDrarv F 1883.C97 Historic Jamaica :With fifty-two illustr 3 1924 020 417 527 Cornell University Library The original of tliis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924020417527 HISTORIC JAMAICA Is it nature or by the error of fantasie that the seeing of places we know to have been frequented or inhabited by men whose memory is esteemed or mentioned in Stories, doth in some sort move and stirre us up as much or more than the hearing of their noble deeds or reading of their compositions ? Montaigne The care which a nation devotes to the preservation of the monuments of its past may serve as a true measure of the degree of civilization to which it has attained. Les Archives Principales de Moscou du Minist^re des Affaires Strangeres, Moscow, 1898. HISTORIC JAMAICA BY FRANK CUNDALL, F.S.A. SECRETAEY AND LIBRARIAN OF THE INSTITUTE OF JAMAICA WITH FIFTY-TWO ILLUSTRATIONS, PUBLISHED FOR THE INSTITUTE OF JAMAICA BY THE WEST INDIA COMMITTEE LONDON 1915 A'3SSl^f I'RINTED BY BALLAKTTNE, HANSON (|- CO. I.TD. , AT THE BALLANTTNE PbESS London, Englanb PREFACE In the year 1900 the present writer published a small volume entitled " Studies in Jamaica History," giving the records of certain historic sites in the colony. In its issue of October 27, 1908, the Editor of the " West India Committee Circular," commenting on the appoint- ment of a Royal Commission to enumerate and report upon the historical monuments in England, drew attention to the need for the preservation of historic sites and buildings in the West Indies, and stated that a letter on the subject had been addressed by the West India Committee to the Colonial Office.
  • Bats of Jamaica

    Bats of Jamaica

    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum Museum, University of Nebraska State 7-8-2005 Bats of Jamaica Hugh H. Genoways University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] John W. Bickham Texas A & M University - College Station, [email protected] Robert J. Baker Texas Tech University, [email protected] Carleton J. Phillips Texas Tech University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/museummammalogy Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Zoology Commons Genoways, Hugh H.; Bickham, John W.; Baker, Robert J.; and Phillips, Carleton J., "Bats of Jamaica" (2005). Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum. 106. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/museummammalogy/106 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Museum, University of Nebraska State at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mammalogy Papers: University of Nebraska State Museum by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Bats of Jamaica Hugh H. Genoways Robert J. Baker John W. Bickham Carleton J. Phillips Special Publications of The Museum of Texas Tech University, No. 48 (SP-048), July 8, 2005. Copyright © 2005 Museum of Texas Tech University. Used by permission. Available online at http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/publications/specpubs.htm BATS OF JAMAICA HUGH H. GENOWAYS, ROBERT J. BAKER, JOHN W. BICKHAM, AND CARLETON J. PHILLIPS INTRODUCTION The modern history of Jamaica is entwined with We explored known caves on the island to obtain European exploration of the New World beginning with samples of selected species of bats and also visited the landing of Columbus at Discovery Bay on 4 May man-made structures with known or suspected colo- 1494, during his second voyage to the Americas.
  • 2021 JTB Guide English FINA

    2021 JTB Guide English FINA

    WELCOME FEEL THE RHYTHM LAND OF WOOD AND WATER Jamaica is a destination so dynamic and multifaceted you could make hundreds of visits and in Ocho Rios, there’s a beach for everyone. But if lounging on the sand all day is not your have a unique experience every single time. style, a visit to Jamaica is still just what the doctor ordered. With hundreds of fitness Home of the legendary Bob Marley, arguably reggae’s most iconic and globally recognised facilities and countless running and exercise groups, the global thrust towards health and face, the island’s most popular musical export is an eclectic mix of infectious beats and wellness has spawned annual events such as the Reggae Marathon and the Kingston City enchanting — if sometimes scathing — lyrics. It can be heard throughout the island, and is Run. The get-fit movement has also influenced the creation of several health and wellness celebrated with annual festivals such as Reggae Sumfest and Rebel Salute, where you could bars, as well as spa, fitness and yoga retreats at upscale resorts. also indulge in Jamaica’s renowned culinary treats. Jamaica has dominated the destination wedding market for years. From boutique To visit Jamaica and not try jerked chicken, pork, fish, conch or sausage — or any kind of resorts to private estates and villas across the island, couples have many options. All- KNOWN FOR ITS meat or seafood — is almost sacrilegious. The technique involves smoking meat or seafood inclusive resorts offer an array of wedding packages, complete with dedicated wedding BEAUTY AND VIBRANT that has been seasoned with an abundance of traditional spices and herbs either in a metal planners and options to customise your experience.
  • Bats of Jamaica

    Bats of Jamaica

    BATS OF JAMAICA HUGH H. GENOWAYS, ROBERT J. BAKER, JOHN W. BICKHAM, AND CARLETON J. PHILLIPS INTRODUCTION The modern history of Jamaica is entwined with We explored known caves on the island to obtain European exploration of the New World beginning with samples of selected species of bats and also visited the landing of Columbus at Discovery Bay on 4 May man-made structures with known or suspected colo- 1494, during his second voyage to the Americas. Since nies of bats. that time the word Jamaica has conjured thoughts of tropical beaches, trade winds, pleasant tropical nights, All of our data are based on voucher specimens, Spaniards, British navy, Empire, sugar, rum, planta- which were deposited in the collections of the Mu- tions, slavery, revolt, maroons, pirates, Port Royal, seum of Texas Tech University or the Carnegie Mu- disasters, hurricanes, and in more recent years inde- seum of Natural History. Throughout our field work, pendence, tourism, Reggae, and welcoming and happy we made a substantial effort to obtain the maximum residents. Our knowledge of Jamaican natural history amount of data from each bat specimen. Many were begins with Browne (1789). He and other early natu- karyotyped and tissue samples were frozen in liquid ralists displayed a broad interest in plants and animals, nitrogen and/or fixed for transmission electron micro- including bats, but thorough surveys of the island’s scopic (TEM) study, immunohistochemistry, or stan- chiropteran fauna were not accomplished until the dard histology and histochemistry. These various 1960s when mist nets came into general use. Follow- samples were returned to laboratories at Texas Tech ing Browne (1789), the general natural history of Ja- University, Texas A&M University, Hofstra University, maica and of bats of the island were described by Case-Western Reserve University, and the University Gosse (1851), Osburn (1865), G.
  • St. Catherine WS Pplan – October 12 2011

    St. Catherine WS Pplan – October 12 2011

    1 Draft St. Catherine WS PPLan – October 12 2011 1.0 Introduction St. Catherine is located in the south-eastern section of Jamaica. Its western boundary is with the parish of Clarendon. The eastern boundary follows part of the Ferry River as well as borders with St. Mary and St. Andrew. The northern boundary is with St. Ann and St. Mary. The Caribbean Sea borders St. Catherine to the south. National Water Commission (NWC) produces over 1 billion gallons of water per month in St. Catherine through thirty – four (34) wells and five (5) surface sources. The average billed volume is only 300 million gallons per month which translates to an average non-revenue water (NRW) of 700 million gallons per month i.e. 70% of production. This unacceptable level of NRW has had an adverse impact on the level of service provided to the people of the parish and on its financial performance and that of NWC. NWC now provides water to some 90% of the population in St. Catherine. However, the reliability of service to those who are served by NWC is estimated to average 16 hours per day. A Water Supply Improvement plan has been prepared for the parish and is presented in this document. The WSIP for the parish will involve an expenditure of $5,290,917,230.40 over the next twenty years in carrying out a number of water supply rehabilitation and upgrading works. A substantial portion of the proposed works is aimed at addressing the unacceptable level of NRW through the replacement of major sections of the aged and undersized water supply infrastructure and improvement in water supply pressure management.