DOCSLIB.ORG

Pommier : Essai « Variétés »- Bilan 2010

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pommier : Essai « Variétés »- Bilan 2010 Aout 2011 • ARBORICULTURE • 4 pages n°91 Pommier : essai « Variétés »- Bilan 2010 Résultat des essais conduits par la station d’expérimentations de La Morinière Source : issu de la brochure 08/09 éditée par La Morinière / volet agribio – 2010 Diffusion de l’information coordonnée par la Chambre régionale d’agriculture des Pays de la Loire ® ® En arboriculture biologique, le choix variétal est Les variétés C ORAIL Pinova, Pilot, Fiesta et D ELGOLUNE primordial, impactant directement sur la viabilité Jubilé manquent de vigueur et présentent une économique des structures. Les résultats ci- production hétérogène (alternance à l’arbre). De plus, dessous, issus de suivis en verger « vrai la sensibilité de la variété Pilot au puceron cendré a grandeur » ou d’observations d’une collection en accru son manque de vigueur pénalisant directement petites parcelles, présentent l’évaluation de la production. variétés sur leur potentiel de production et leur Au cumul des années, les variétés Reinette Grise ® sensibilité aux maladies et ravageurs. du Canada et C ORAIL Pinova restent les plus productives et les moins alternantes. Essai variétal en « vraie grandeur » Graphique 1 : Résultat de production cumulé de la 2e Le comportement de dix variétés « conventionnelles », à la 10e pousse des variétés non surgreffées plantées en 2000, est étudié en verger agrobiologique 2e pousse 3e pousse 4e pousse 5e pousse 6e pousse 7e pousse "vraie grandeur" (Voir Tableau 1 ). Les variétés Patte 8e pousse 9e pousse 10e pousse (Cumul) de Loup, Dalirail et Pirouette® Rubinstep ont été t/ha (212) surgreffées en 2006 sur des variétés jugées peu (200) 200 (188) adaptées à la production agrobiologique dans les (169) (177) 21 22 60 (155) 17 27 31 conditions de la Morinière (Fuji, PINKGOLD ® 150 (137) 26 1 27 21 16 12 36 Leratess, Jonagored). 22 100 50 Tableau 1 : Récapitulatif des variétés étudiées 0 t Variétés Porte-greffe a lo a st ad Pi n AJAM Fie elrose a Suntan Fiesta P ®1Lancep M .C ® G Melrose BEAUMONT PAJAM ®1Lancep R. Suntan PAJAM ®1Lancep CORAIL ®Pinova T337 Rendements - Variétés surgreffées ® e DELGOLUNE ® Jubilé T337 Dalirail et P IROUETTE Rubinstep restent en 2 année de Reinette Grise du Canada T337 mise à fruit dans une moyenne de production de plus Pilot PAJAM ®2Cepiland de 20 tonnes à l’hectare, alors que la variété Patte Dalirail (surgreffage) PAJAM ®1Lancep de Loup n’a produit que 12 t/ha (Voir Graphique 2 ). PIROUETTE ® Rubinstep A noter : Patte de Loup fleurit tardivement, environ PAJAM ®1Lancep (surgreffage) deux semaines après Golden, ce qui la rend moins Patte de Loup (surgreffage) T337 sensible au risque de gel. Rendements - Variétés non surgreffées Graphique 2 : Résultat de production par pousse et En 2008 et 2009, la pratique d’une taille plus cumulée des variétés surgreffées vigoureuse par la sélection draconienne de branches fruitières pour une meilleure pénétration de la lumière 2e pousse 3e pousse 4e pousse (Cumul) dans les arbres a sans doute favorisé la nouaison. t/ha L’alternance installée depuis les premières années 70 (58) s’est trouvée légèrement gommée pour l’ensemble des 60 (49) variétés étudiées (Voir Graphique 1 ). 50 22 En moyenne sur les deux dernières années , 40 24 hormis les variétés Melrose [non éclaircie en 2009] et (29) 30 Suntan [qui ne semblent pas adaptées aux conditions 18 20 12 de La Morinière (arbres chétifs)], l’ensemble des 22 variétés a un rendement moyen de 22 t/ha/an . 10 18 16 0 3 Dalirail (Sg) PIROUETTE (Sg) Patte de Loup (Sg) Calibres Rendements – Collection conventionnelle Les résultats de calibres sont satisfaisants pour la On note de fortes disparités sur les deux dernières plupart des variétés. Fiesta, Pilot et C ORAIL ® Pinova ne années (Voir Graphique 3 ). Certaines variétés sont montrent pas un fort potentiel à produire des fruits de très sensibles à l’alternance : Goldor, Delcoro, Deljuga gros calibre. Ceci est probablement lié à leur trop et surtout Suncrisp® NJ55. Les variétés Mairac®, La faible vigueur associée à leur porte greffe. La variété Flamboyante c.o.v. et Shampion paraissent les plus Patte de Loup reste une variété à petit calibre quel intéressantes pour leur faible sensibilité à l’alternance que soit le volume de production. (sans doute liée à leur bonne réaction aux éclaircissants) et leur bon niveau de production. Sensibilité à la Tavelure La variété Melrose reste la plus touchée tant au niveau Graphique 3 : Résultats de production cumulée sur la ® des feuilles que des fruits. Ensuite, la variété C ORAIL collection « conventionnelle » Pinova et son clone Dalirail sont les plus tavelés au niveau du feuillage. Sur fruits, les variétés Reinette Grise du Canada et Suntan présentent le plus gros pourcentage de pertes en 2009 avec 5 % de fruits tavelés, malgré la tolérance connue de ces variétés aux races communes de tavelure. Conclusions du Verger « Vrai Grandeur » Plusieurs conclusions peuvent être faites à ces observations de comportements variétales – sur des variétés dites « conventionnelles » conduites en mode de production biologique: - La variété Reinette Grise du Canada, peu sensible à l’alternance, avec un potentiel de calibre important, s’adapte bien aux conditions de l’agrobiologie malgré sa sensibilité irrégulière à la tavelure. Calibres - La variété Melrose présente des résultats Mairac®, La Flamboyante c.o.v, Shampion et Diwa intéressants malgré une vigueur excessive qui favorise confirment un potentiel de production de fruits de gros la tavelure. ® ® calibres (Voir Graphique 4 ). Cet avantage les rend - Les variétés C ORAIL Pinova et D ELGOLUNE Jubilé, encore plus adaptées à la culture en agrobiologie. grâce à des tailles « restructurantes » qui permettent de mieux contrôler l’alternance, ont un bon Graphique 4 : Répartition des calibres en 2009 comportement de production. <65 65-70 70-75 >75 - A noter : sur porte-greffe plus vigoureux, Pilot % présente de meilleurs résultats en terme de 100 production. En revanche, la variété Suntan ne semble 75 pas s’adapter aux conditions pédoclimatiques de La Morinière (notamment les températures estivales). 50 - Pour leurs premières années de production, les 25 variétés surgreffées en 2006 montrent des productions non négligeables. 0 - Dalirail montre un feuillage très « dépressif » visuellement (vert pâle) sans conséquences sur les Diwa Delcoro Deljuga MAIRAC® rendements à ce jour. Shampion Goldor/Paj2 Goldor/PI80 7e pousse 6e pousse 5e Collection « conventionnelle » pousse La collection « conventionnelle » en petites parcelles comporte sept variétés fréquemment utilisées en Suivi sanitaire de la collection conventionnelles (Voir Tableau 2 ). Plantées de 2001 Les variétés Goldor et Shampion semblent les plus à 2005, elle est conduite selon le mode de production sensibles à la tavelure. Les observations réalisées sur biologique, en axe vertical, à la densité de 2 000 puceron cendré n’ont pas révélé de sensibilité arbres/ha, avec 5 à 10 arbres par variété étudiée. particulière. Pour la variété Goldor, la présence de rugosité peut être très importante (100 % de fruits) Tableau 2 : Récapitulatif des variétés étudiées dans selon les années, pouvant déclasser une partie de la la collection en petites parcelles production. Année de Variétés Porte-greffe plantation Conclusion / collection « conventionnelle » ® ® SUNCRISP NJ55 PAJAM ®2 Cepiland 2001 Les variétés SUNCRISP NJ55 et Delcoro, du fait de leur Delcoro T337 2003 sensibilité à l’alternance, et Deljuga (mise à fruit lente MAIRAC ® La Emla 2003 et manque de calibre), ne donnent pas de bons Flamboyante c.o.v. résultats en verger agrobiologique à La Morinière. Shampion Emla 2004 ® Deljuga T337 2004 En revanche, les variétés Shampion et Mairac ont un Goldor PAJAM ®2 Cepiland 2004 véritable potentiel de production et de calibre. PI 80 S UPPORTER ® 4 2004 Diwa PAJAM ®2 Cepiland 2005 Collection « variétés résistantes» Descriptif des variétés « résistantes » A coté de la collection « conventionnelle » conduite en - Ariane c.o.v : Faible sensibilité à l’éclaircissage à arboriculture biologique, il existe une collection de 21 la fleur Sensible à l’alternance. Eclaircissage manuel variétés résistantes aux races communes de à faire précocement pour obtenir du calibre tavelure (Voir Tableau 3 ). Ces variétés, plantées de - Crimson Crisp ® Coop 39 : Port étalé avec faibles 2001 à 2005, sont conduites en axe vertical à la ramifications. Production régulière mais limitée par densité 2000 arbres/ha, avec des parcelles une trop faible vigueur des arbres. Se comporte mieux élémentaires de 5 à 15 arbres. Les variétés Dalinbel et en surgreffage. Tous les fruits de l'arbre sont colorés, ® JULIET Coop 43 ont été surgreffées en 2006. de 95 à 100%. - Dalinbel : Alternance de production en partie due Tableau 3 : Récapitulatif des variétés de la collection à sa grande sensibilité à l'oïdium. Bon potentiel de « Resistance aux races communes de tavelure » calibre. Le nouveau clone 16 plus intéressant car Année de Variétés Porte-greffe moins sensible à l'oïdium et fruits apparemment plus plantation colorés. Ariane c.o.v. PAJAM ®1 Lancep 2000 - Dalinette : Très productive. Si forte charge, baisse ® Dalinette PAJAM 2 Cepiland 2000 importante de calibre. Facilité d’éclaircissage avec de JULIET ® Coop M9 Emla/ PI 80 ® 2000 la bouillie sulfocalcique italienne (en cours 43 SUPPORTER 4 d’homologation). Coop 38 PAJAM ®1 Lancep 2000 - Dalinsweet : Arbre très ramifié, avec un volume Goldrush ® important. Production moyenne. Fruit bicolore. PIROUETTE M9 Emla 2001 Rubinstep Difficulté à obtenir la coloration à l'intérieur des Ariane c.o.v. PAJAM ®2 Cepiland 2001 arbres. Calibre hétérogène en surgreffage. ® Delfloga T337 2002 - JULIET Coop 43 : Peu vigoureuse. Variété Svatava M9 Emla 2002 productive avec un bon potentiel de calibre. Bitter pit Santana T337 2002 important observé en 2009. Bon comportement en Dalinsweet cov PAJAM ®2 Cepiland 2002 surgreffage. Dalinco cov Surgreffage 2003 2003 - PIROUETTE ® Rubinstep : Les branches fruitières Dalinsweet cov Surgreffage 2003 2003 non inclinées (notamment dans le bas des arbres) Crimson Crisp PAJAM ®2 Cepiland 2004 prennent très rapidement un calibre trop important Coop 39 maitrise délicate.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Manual Key for the Identification of Apples Based on the Descriptions in Bultitude (1983)
    A MANUAL KEY FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF APPLES BASED ON THE DESCRIPTIONS IN BULTITUDE (1983) Simon Clark of Northern Fruit Group and National Orchard Forum, with assistance from Quentin Cleal (NOF). This key is not definitive and is intended to enable the user to “home in” rapidly on likely varieties which should then be confirmed in one or more of the manuals that contain detailed descriptions e.g. Bunyard, Bultitude , Hogg or Sanders . The varieties in this key comprise Bultitude’s list together with some widely grown cultivars developed since Bultitude produced his book. The page numbers of Bultitude’s descriptions are included. The National Fruit Collection at Brogdale are preparing a list of “recent” varieties not included in Bultitude(1983) but which are likely to be encountered. This list should be available by late August. As soon as I receive it I will let you have copy. I will tabulate the characters of the varieties so that you can easily “slot them in to” the key. Feedback welcome, Tel: 0113 266 3235 (with answer phone), E-mail [email protected] Simon Clark, August 2005 References: Bultitude J. (1983) Apples. Macmillan Press, London Bunyard E.A. (1920) A Handbook of Hardy Fruits; Apples and Pears. John Murray, London Hogg R. (1884) The Fruit Manual. Journal of the Horticultural Office, London. Reprinted 2002 Langford Press, Wigtown. Sanders R. (1988) The English Apple. Phaidon, Oxford Each variety is categorised as belonging to one of eight broad groups. These groups are delineated using skin characteristics and usage i.e. whether cookers, (sour) or eaters (sweet).
    [Show full text]
  • Handling of Apple Transport Techniques and Efficiency Vibration, Damage and Bruising Texture, Firmness and Quality
    Centre of Excellence AGROPHYSICS for Applied Physics in Sustainable Agriculture Handling of Apple transport techniques and efficiency vibration, damage and bruising texture, firmness and quality Bohdan Dobrzañski, jr. Jacek Rabcewicz Rafa³ Rybczyñski B. Dobrzañski Institute of Agrophysics Polish Academy of Sciences Centre of Excellence AGROPHYSICS for Applied Physics in Sustainable Agriculture Handling of Apple transport techniques and efficiency vibration, damage and bruising texture, firmness and quality Bohdan Dobrzañski, jr. Jacek Rabcewicz Rafa³ Rybczyñski B. Dobrzañski Institute of Agrophysics Polish Academy of Sciences PUBLISHED BY: B. DOBRZAŃSKI INSTITUTE OF AGROPHYSICS OF POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ACTIVITIES OF WP9 IN THE CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE AGROPHYSICS CONTRACT NO: QLAM-2001-00428 CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR APPLIED PHYSICS IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE WITH THE th ACRONYM AGROPHYSICS IS FOUNDED UNDER 5 EU FRAMEWORK FOR RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION ACTIVITIES GENERAL SUPERVISOR OF THE CENTRE: PROF. DR. RYSZARD T. WALCZAK, MEMBER OF POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES PROJECT COORDINATOR: DR. ENG. ANDRZEJ STĘPNIEWSKI WP9: PHYSICAL METHODS OF EVALUATION OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE QUALITY LEADER OF WP9: PROF. DR. ENG. BOHDAN DOBRZAŃSKI, JR. REVIEWED BY PROF. DR. ENG. JÓZEF KOWALCZUK TRANSLATED (EXCEPT CHAPTERS: 1, 2, 6-9) BY M.SC. TOMASZ BYLICA THE RESULTS OF STUDY PRESENTED IN THE MONOGRAPH ARE SUPPORTED BY: THE STATE COMMITTEE FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH UNDER GRANT NO. 5 P06F 012 19 AND ORDERED PROJECT NO. PBZ-51-02 RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF POMOLOGY AND FLORICULTURE B. DOBRZAŃSKI INSTITUTE OF AGROPHYSICS OF POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ©Copyright by BOHDAN DOBRZAŃSKI INSTITUTE OF AGROPHYSICS OF POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LUBLIN 2006 ISBN 83-89969-55-6 ST 1 EDITION - ISBN 83-89969-55-6 (IN ENGLISH) 180 COPIES, PRINTED SHEETS (16.8) PRINTED ON ACID-FREE PAPER IN POLAND BY: ALF-GRAF, UL.
    [Show full text]
  • Personnel Were Contacted at Apple Research Centers Throughout the World and Asked About CA Storage Conditions Employed in Their Area Or Country
    -395- CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE CONDITIONS FOR SOME OF THE MORE COMMONLY GROWN APPLE CULTIVARS M. Meheriuk Agriculture Canada Research Station Summerland, British Columbia VOH 1Z0 Canada This paper will attempt to outline controlled atmosphere (CA) conditions suitable for some of the predominant apple cultivars. Storage personnel were contacted at apple research centers throughout the world and asked about CA storage conditions employed in their area or country. The information received from these individuals as well as that from the literature was used in establishing storage conditions suitable for specific apple cultivars. Also included on the information sheets are the benefits and disadvantages in altering the concentrations of C02 and 02, the problems encountered when injurious levels of either gas are used, and the commercial use of reduced 02 or increased C02 in the storage atmosphere. Somewhat different from that found in other areas was the use of unscrubbed atmospheres and higher storage temperatures in European storage facilities. An unscrubbed atmosphere is one in which the C02 content is controlled (5-10%) but not the 02 level. Higher C02 levels are known to have an inhibitory effect on softening. The higher storage temperatures may reflect higher energy costs in European countries but it has also been suggested that they permit higher C02 levels in the storage atmosphere. Perhaps another reason for higher storage temperatures is a lower incidence of internal disorders prevalent in many of the European grown apples. A trend towards lower oxygen 02 levels has taken place in the past few years. Many countries now recommend 2% 02 to improve firmness retention and reduce development of physiological disorders.
    [Show full text]
  • BUCKLAND NEWTON APPLE TREES (Recorded from September 2017) (PB Map: Parish Boundary Map)
    BUCKLAND NEWTON APPLE TREES (recorded from September 2017) (PB map: Parish Boundary map) House name Map Entry Apple varieties Notes No. No. Greystone 1 1 Discovery, Katy, James Grieve, Devonshire Quarrenden, Ribstone Pippin, Lost in last 10 years: Edward Lord Lambourne, Herrings Pippin, Pitmaston Pineapple, Crown Pippin, 7th , Beauty of Bath, Lord Derby, Suntan, Kidds Orange Red X2, Egremont Russet X 2, Bramley Seedling, Ellison’s Orange Annie Elizabeth Knap Farm field 1 2 Unidentified, possibly sweet cider apple Last remaining tree of large orchard Manor Cottage 2 1 Bramley (v. old tree 20 ft. high), Orleans Reinette (?) Little Gunville 3 1 Beauty of Bath, Bramley, George Neal, Bismarck, Devonshire Quarrenden, American Mother, Fiesta Higher Farm House 3 2 58 apple trees,, 47 varieties Separate list Marcheta 4 1 Bramley, Cox, Spartan, 2 unknown, possibly cider apples Carriers Cottage 4 2 Bramley, James Grieve Freshfield 4 3 Bramley, Cox, Beauty of Bath Tanglin 4 4 Bramley, Emneth Early Askermead 4 5 Bramley, Golden Delicious, Sunset Grenadier (?) Hestia 4 6 Evereste Crab Apple Laurel Cottage 4 7 Sunset Chapel House Henley 5 1 Bramley, Cox and an old, scabby tree, small tasteless fruit Greenacres 6 1 Bramley Lydden Cottage 6 2 Sturmer Pippin, Early Laxton, Colonel Vaughn (?), Crab Apple Bennetts 6 3 Fiesta, Bramley, Cox, Laxton, cider apples Duntish Cottage 8 1 Sunset, Blenheim, and one unidentified Frog Island 8 2 & 3 Unknown cider apple, Tom Putt Duntish Old Farmhouse 8 4 Tydemans Early, Worcester, Blenheim (?),Bramley, Cos, 5 unknowns
    [Show full text]
  • Founding Clones, Inbreeding, Coancestry, and Status Number of Modern Apple Cultivars
    J. AMER. SOC. HORT. SCI. 121(5):773–782. 1996. Founding Clones, Inbreeding, Coancestry, and Status Number of Modern Apple Cultivars Dominique A.M. Noiton The Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand Ltd, Havelock North Research Center, Havelock North, New Zealand Peter A. Alspach The Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand Ltd, Riwaka Research Center, Motueka, New Zealand Additional index words. breeding, genetic diversity, Malus ×domestica Abstract. Pedigrees of apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) cultivars were used to study worldwide genetic diversity among clones used in modern apple breeding. The most frequent founding clones were ‘Cox’s Orange Pippin’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Red Delicious’, ‘Jonathan’, and ‘McIntosh’. Coefficients of coancestry between 50 mainstream cultivars and these clones averaged 0.03, 0.12, 0.07, 0.06, and 0.02, respectively, but they were frequently as high as 0.25 with certain pairings. Among a group of 27 cultivars carrying the Vf gene for scab resistance, coefficients of coancestry with the five founding clones were of the same order. Although few of the cultivars sampled were substantially inbred, inbreeding could reach serious levels in their future offspring if current breeding practices are continued. The status effective number was 8 for the mainstream group and 7 for the Vf-carrier clones. This indicates clearly that apple breeders are operating with a population of greatly reduced genetic diversity. Careful consideration of pedigrees and increased size of the genetic base are needed in future apple breeding strategies. The domestic apple (Malus ×domestica), one of the world’s floribunda 821 x ‘Rome Beauty’.
    [Show full text]
  • Apple Pollination Groups
    Flowering times of apples RHS Pollination Groups To ensure good pollination and therefore a good crop, it is essential to grow two or more different cultivars from the same Flowering Group or adjacent Flowering Groups. Some cultivars are triploid – they have sterile pollen and need two other cultivars for good pollination; therefore, always grow at least two other non- triploid cultivars with each one. Key AGM = RHS Award of Garden Merit * Incompatible with each other ** Incompatible with each other *** ‘Golden Delicious’ may be ineffective on ‘Crispin’ (syn. ‘Mutsu’) Flowering Group 1 Very early; pollinated by groups 1 & 2 ‘Gravenstein’ (triploid) ‘Lord Suffield’ ‘Manks Codlin’ ‘Red Astrachan’ ‘Stark Earliest’ (syn. ‘Scarlet Pimpernel’) ‘Vista Bella’ Flowering Group 2 Pollinated by groups 1,2 & 3 ‘Adams's Pearmain’ ‘Alkmene’ AGM (syn. ‘Early Windsor’) ‘Baker's Delicious’ ‘Beauty of Bath’ (partial tip bearer) ‘Beauty of Blackmoor’ ‘Ben's Red’ ‘Bismarck’ ‘Bolero’ (syn. ‘Tuscan’) ‘Cheddar Cross’ ‘Christmas Pearmain’ ‘Devonshire Quarrenden’ ‘Egremont Russet’ AGM ‘George Cave’ (tip bearer) ‘George Neal’ AGM ‘Golden Spire’ ‘Idared’ AGM ‘Irish Peach’ (tip bearer) ‘Kerry Pippin’ ‘Keswick Codling’ ‘Laxton's Early Crimson’ ‘Lord Lambourne’ AGM (partial tip bearer) ‘Maidstone Favourite’ ‘Margil’ ‘Mclntosh’ ‘Red Melba’ ‘Merton Charm’ ‘Michaelmas Red’ ‘Norfolk Beauty’ ‘Owen Thomas’ ‘Reverend W. Wilks’ ‘Ribston Pippin’ AGM (triploid, partial tip bearer) ‘Ross Nonpareil’ ‘Saint Edmund's Pippin’ AGM (partial tip bearer) ‘Striped Beefing’ ‘Warner's King’ AGM (triploid) ‘Washington’ (triploid) ‘White Transparent’ Flowering Group 3 Pollinated by groups 2, 3 & 4 ‘Acme’ ‘Alexander’ (syn. ‘Emperor Alexander’) ‘Allington Pippin’ ‘Arthur Turner’ AGM ‘Barnack Orange’ ‘Baumann's Reinette’ ‘Belle de Boskoop’ AGM (triploid) ‘Belle de Pontoise’ ‘Blenheim Orange’ AGM (triploid, partial tip bearer) ‘Bountiful’ ‘Bowden's Seedling’ ‘Bramley's Seedling’ AGM (triploid, partial tip bearer) ‘Brownlees Russett’ ‘Charles Ross’ AGM ‘Cox's Orange Pippin’ */** ‘Crispin’ (syn.
    [Show full text]
  • Fruit Situation Meetings
    May 1998 (5-98) Prepared by John Strang and Jerry Brown, Extension Horticulturists; John Hartman, Extension Plant Pathologist; Ric Bessin and Lee Townsend, Extension Entomologists; John Strang, Editor, Marilyn Hooks and Elizabeth Griffin, Secretaries http://www.uky.edu/Agriculture/HLA/ follow the link to Extension programs & Publications and click on Fruit Facts rot caused by Phytophthora fungi may increase Fruit Situation following the rainy period. Infections by Phytophthora his springs persistent rain/storms and cool and other water mold fungi increase during saturated Ttemperatures have challenged growers abilities to soil episodes. Phytophthora root rot is present in some maintain a good spray program. Western Kentucky plantings of blackberry and raspberry; a worsening of growers have had to really scratch their heads to the disease can be associated with saturated soils. Red develop an acceptable thinning program on apples. stele (Phytophthora) infections in strawberries will occur Most growers have heavy sets on apple trees and on susceptible strawberries during wet periods. The adequate to good crops on peaches, depending on the effects of red stele disease will be noticed later in the variety and site. Strawberries, European pears, season. Botrytis will also be a problem due to the rainy blackberries, raspberries, grapes and blueberries weather. generally look good. Some fruit plantings on poorer The Rosy apple aphid came on strong early in the sites have had some injury to the primary buds on season on apple in several areas, but seemed to have grapes and to blueberry flowers. Asian plums have lost been cleaned up by the Multi-colored Asian lady beetle.
    [Show full text]
  • Apple Fruiting
    Apple Fruiting ________________________________________________________________________ Spur and Semi-spur Apple Varieties – Over 1000 spur and semi-spur varieties listed. Apple trees that have fruit on spurs or semi-spurs are more dwarfing. They also require special pruning techniques. Tip and Partial-tip Apple Varieties – Over 350 varieties listed. Fruit are borne on the tip of the branches, and are weeping and require little to no pruning. ________________________________________________________________________ Apple Fruiting 1 12/8/06 SPUR-TYPE FRUITING APPLES FOR THE HOME ORCHARD For home orchardists there are several advantages in growing spur–type trees. As the name indicates, the fruit is borne on spurs. Spurs are slow growing leafy shoots and have a mixed terminal bud. A mixed terminal bud will produce shoot and flowers. In apples, spurs develop on two–year old shoots from axillary buds located at the base of each leaf. Axillary buds on a spur can give rise to shoots or new spurs. A branched spur system forms after several years when new spur form on old spurs. Spur–type strains are more dwarfing than the standard stain. When spur and standard strains were compared in Washington rootstock trials, the spurs were 25% smaller than standard stains. Spur–type apples have a growing and fruiting characteristic in which lateral (axillary) buds on two year old wood gives rise to a higher portion of spurs and fewer lateral shoots than occur with standard growth habits. This gives the tree a more open canopy and compact growth habit than standard trees. Research indicates that they have approximately half the canopy volume of standard strains.
    [Show full text]
  • COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 460/2008 of 27 May 2008 Amending Regulation (EC) No 85/2004 Laying Down the Marketing Standard for Apples
    28.5.2008EN Official Journal of the European Union L 138/3 COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 460/2008 of 27 May 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No 85/2004 laying down the marketing standard for apples THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, (3) It is also necessary to revise that list of varieties, in order to facilitate inspections. Consequently, the synonym Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European ‘Renetta del Canada’ for the variety ‘Reinette blanche du Community, Canada’ should be added and the apple variety ‘Zarja Alatau’ should be included in the same list. Having regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1182/2007 of 26 September 2007 laying down specific rules as regards the fruit and vegetable sector amending Directives 2001/112/EC (4) Regulation (EC) No 85/2004 should therefore be and 2001/113/EC and Regulations (EEC) No 827/68, (EC) amended accordingly. No 2200/96, (EC) No 2201/96, (EC) No 2826/2000, (EC) No 1782/2003 and (EC) No 318/2006 and repealing Regu- (5) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in lation (EC) No 2202/96 (1), and in particular Article 42(a) accordance with the opinion of the Management thereof, Committee for the Common Organisation of Agricultural Markets, Whereas: (1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 85/2004 (2) provides in HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: particular for a reduction in the minimum size from 1 June 2008 in order to be consistent with the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe standard for Article 1 apples UNECE-FFV-50. However, that standard has been amended and sizing provisions should be updated The Annex to Regulation (EC) No 85/2004 is amended in accordingly.
    [Show full text]
  • Market News 39 15.Indd
    SEPTEMBER 24 - OCTOBER 1, 2015 | WEEK 39 ORGANIC MARKET NEWS OUTLOOK FOR SEPTEMBER 24 - OCTOBER 1, 2015 ORGANIC ASPARAGUS BACK IN SEASON Good news! Organic Asparagus is now back in season from Mexico. Supplies are decent so far and quality has been very nice. Organic Asparagus Tips are also available. Volume overall will be small but steady through mid-October. A 6/12 oz. packaged option is available in our Spring Leaf Organic line (49663). OG HASS AVOCADOS OG APPLES OG BERRIES New crop Organic Hass Avocados from Mexico This week’s heirloom varieties out of Oregon are ALERT! Organic Strawberries from California are beginning. Organic Ashmead’s Kernel, Grimes Golden, have experienced high heat once again which has and King David Apples. POS material is avail- deteriorated the quality. Driscoll’s is beginning to able - make sure to ask your salesperson! Prices are starting to climb back to normal levels prorate and other labels have arrived with heavy as the glut of fruit from the late Flora Loca season New crop Pinova Apples out of Washington are bruising. has all but dried up, and new crop Organic Hass expected in limited supply next week. Avocados are not making the required oil content California Organic Blackberries continue in a for shipping in the United States. This has affected Washington Organic Gold Delicious Apples re- gap situation. Stay tuned for an update on when main very limited with high pricing. This is expect- smaller fruit the most. 60ct fruit is very tight for ed to continue for the season as some shippers the next crop will be available.
    [Show full text]
  • "Register of New Fruit and Nut Varieties"
    Register of New Fruit and Nut Varieties Brooks and Olmo List 35 Edited by James N. Cummins1 Department of Horticultural Sciences, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456 ADDENDA AND REVISIONS Redglobe.-Described in List 32. Plant pat. 4787, 10 Nov. 1981. Symphony. -Described in List32. Plantpat. 5013, 29 Mar. 1983. APPLE Freedom. -Described in List 34. Plant pat. 5723, 22 Apr. 1986. NECTARINE Jonalicious (Daniel). -Synonym added; plant pat. 1777, 9 Dec. 1958. Stark GulfPride (Zaipride). -Described in List 34. Plant pat. Nured® Jonathan (Improved Red Jonathan) -Synonym added; 5461, 7 May 1985. plant pat. 2650, 5 July 1966. Stark HoneyGlo (Anderhone). -Described in List 32. Plant pat. Paulared (Summer Mac). -Synonym added; plant pat. 2800, 12 4789, 10 Nov. 1981. Mar. 1968. Stark® Blushing Golden™ (Griffith Gold) -Synonym added; plant pat. 2835, 1 Oct. 1968. PEACH Starkspur Compact Red Delicious (Cascade Compact Red Delicious).-Described in List 32. Plant pat. 4811, 26 Jan. 1982. Eldorado. -Described in List 32. Plant pat. 4780, 20 Oct. 1981. Starkspur Dixired Delicious (Hared). -Described in List 32. Plant Stark® Finale. Described in List34. Plant pat. 5655, 4 Feb. 1986. pat. 5547, 3 Sept. 1985. Stark® Gulf Queen (Zaiqueen). -Described in List34. Plantpat. Starkspur Law Rome (PeaceValley) -Described in List 32. Plant 5463, 7 May 1985. pat. 4793. 24 Nov. 1981. Starkspur UltraStripe Delicious (Jenred) -Described in List 32. Plant pat. 5472, 21 May 1985. RASPBERRY Starkspur Winter Banana (Frecon). -Described in List33. Plant pat. 4901, 26 Oct. 1982. Royalty. Described in List 33. Plant pat. 5405, 12 Feb.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Apples Invade London'
    Press Release 18th October 2002 ‘Apples invade London’ From Pitmaston Pineapple to Gascoigne Scarlet, the seemingly innocent English apple will swamp the capital on Apple Day. On the 26th October, farmers’ markets in London will be knee deep in fruit for the weekend. After a bumper harvest in Kent, farmers will be converging on the capital with a huge amount of apple products and staging apple related events to raise awareness of the English apple. Many fruit orchards are disappearing as fruit is largely (90%) imported. As more and more supermarkets switch to buying fruit from Australia and South Africa, many Kent fruit growers choose farmers’ markets as the place to sell their orchard fruits. In conjunction with London Food Link, London Farmers’ Markets will be celebrating English orchards and the variety of orchard fruits, especially apples and pears. At 11am at Pimlico Road a giant apple pie will be auctioned off slice by slice for charity by an infamous auctioneer. Apple games will be arranged and juice pressing will be in action from a hand press. There will be apple juice and apple and quince cheese and products on special offer at various stalls on the market. The trees on the square will be decorated with varieties of apples. Also being auctioned -preview bottles of Burrow Hill Somerset Apple Aperitif, made with apple brandy and the juice of Kingston Black – the pinot noir of the apple world. At Notting Hill, over 100 varieties of English apples will be on sale and on display. Many rare and unusual varieties will be available for tasting.
    [Show full text]