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Anthropologie Und Geschichte Anthropologie und Geschichte Studien zu Wilhelm Dilthey aus Anlass seines 100. Todestages Herausgegeben von Giuseppe D'Anna, Helmut Johach und Eric S. Nelson Konigshausen & Neumann l Editorischer Beirat: Giuseppe Cacciatore Rudolf A. Makkreel Frithjof Rodi Gedruckt mit freundlicher Untersti.itzung der Fritz Thyssen Stiftung, Koln Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet tiber http:/I dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. ©Verlag Konigshausen & Neumann GmbH, Wurzburg 2013 Gedruckt auf saurefreiem, alterungsbestandigem Papier Umschlag: skh-softics I coverart Umschlagabbildung, Frontispiz: Verwendete Fotos: Archiv der Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin Bindung: Zinn- Die Buchbinder GmbH, Kleinluder Alle Rechte vorbehalten Dieses Werk, einschlie!llich aller seiner Teile, ist urheberrechtlich geschiitzt. Jede Verwertung aullerhalb der engen Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes ist ohne Zustimmung des Verlages unzulassig und strafbar. Das gilt insbesondere fur Vervielfaltigungen, Ubersetzungen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen. Printed in Germany ISBN 978-3-8260-5111-1 www.koenigshausen-neumann.de www.buchhandel.de www.buchkatalog.de Inhal tsverzeichnis Vorwort/Foreword/Premessa ....................................................................... 9 Frithjof Rodi Zur Einfi.ihrung ............................................................................................ 15 Ernst Wolfgang Orth Wilhelm Dilthey und die Gegenwart des Geistes ...................................... 33 Fulvia Tessitore Leben und Geschichte- von Dilthey her gesehen ..................................... 43 Giuseppe Cacciatore Das Wesen der Philosophie: Die Bestimmung des philosophischen Wissens zwischen Geschichtsstrukturen und Lebenszusammenhangen ............................................................................. 53 Giuseppe Cantillo »Die Gemeinsamkeit menschlichen Wesens«. Das geistige Leben bei Wilhelm Dilthey zwischen Psychologie und Geschichte .................... 73 KarlAcham Denkformen und Lebensformen. Uberlegungen zu Diltheys Weltanschauungslehre .................................................................................. 93 jean-Claude Gens Die vorgeschichtliche Verwandtschaft zwischen den Menschen als Boden der interkulturellen Verstandigung bei Dilthey und Merleau-Ponty ............................................................................................ 115 RudolfA. Makkreel The Anthropolocical Import of Dilthey's System of Ethics ..................... 127 5 Eric S. Nelson Between Nature and Spirit: Naturalism and Anti-Naturalism in Dilthey .................................................................................................... 141 Gudrun Kuhne-Bertram Wilhelm Diltheys anthropologisch fundierte Theorie des Wissens ........ 161 Maria Nazare de Camargo Pacheco Amaral Philosophie im Dienste der Padagogik? Geschichte und »Anthropologie des Geistes« ..................................................................... 175 Giovanni Ciriello Con Dilthey oltre Dilthey: I presupposti metodologici dell' antropologia in Herman Nohl.. ................................................................. 199 David Carr Erlebnis and History .................................................................................. 215 Helmut Johach Dilthey, Simmel und die Probleme der Geschichtsphilosophie .............. 225 Karl-Heinz Lembeck Geschichte und Erinnerung. Dilthey und die gegenwartige Debatte ..... 243 Giovanni Matteucci Das anthropologische Geflecht von Erlebnis-Ausdruck-Verstehen als Destrukturierung der »Innenwelt« bei Dilthey (und Wittgenstein) ....... 257 Gunter Scholtz Menschliche Natur und Religionsentwicklung in der Sicht Diltheys ..... 275 Francesco Donadio Religione e religiosid in Wilhelm Dilthey ................................................ 291 Mario Lombardo Meta-fisica, comunione di destini, speranza. Elementi antropologici della filosofia di Dilthey ............................................................................. 317 Kristin Gjesdal Enlightenment, History, and the Anthropological Turn: The Hermeneutical Challenge of Dilthey's Schleiermacher Studies ....... 323 Stefano Poggi Dilthey und die romantische Psychologie ................................................ 355 Giancarlo Magnano San Lio Philologie, Anthropologie und Geschichte: Dilthey und U sener. .......... 369 Alfredo Marini Dilthey e Heidegger: uso metodologico-categoriale e uso ontologico-esistenziale del concetto di tempo ......................................... 387 ] ean Grondin Homo Hermeneuticus. Zum Menschenbild Gadamers ........................... 405 Yoshito Takahashi Nishida und Dilthey ................................................................................... 417 Ulrich Dierse Diltheys Be griff der Kultur und seine Implikationen .............................. 429 Massimo M ezzanzanica Menschliche Natur und Unergriindlichkeit. Plessners und Diltheys geschichtlicher Erfahrungsbegriff .............................................. 443 ]as de Mul Understanding Nature. Dilthey, Plessner and Biohermeneutics ........... .459 Hans- Ulrich Lessing Zur Bedeutung Wilhelm Diltheys fur Helmuth Plessners philosophische Anthropologie .................................................................. 4 79 Verzeichnis der Autorinnen und Autoren ................................................ 495 Personenregister ......................................................................................... 499 7 Enlightenment, History, and the Anthropological Turn The Hermeneutical Challenge of Dilthey's Schleiermacher Studies Kristin Gjesdal Within the rich and wide-spanning work of Wilhelm Dilthey, a special place should be assigned to his 1860 study of Friedrich Schleiermacher and the beginning of modern hermeneutics. 1 In his interaction with Schleiermacher, the hermeneutic tradition, and the general outlook of Enlightenment and Kantian Idealism, the young Dilthey carves out the theoretical basis for his own position. The Schleiermacher study is at one and the same time a genealogy, a systematic account of hermeneutics, and it is an exercise in interpretation. As such, it offers a unique point of entry into Dilthey's thought. From within the hermeneutic tradition, however, Dilthey's reading I of Schleiermacher has been somewhat discredited. Dilthey has been ac- cused of defending a position that lingers between »romanticism and posi- tivism.«2 Further, Dilthey allegedly reads Schleiermacher through the lens of his own (Dilthey's) interest in questions of methodology and ascribes to Schleiermacher a hermeneutic model that is based on aesthetic-psycho- logical individuality. 3 See Wilhelm Dilthey, Schleiermacher's Hermeneutical System in Relation to Earlier Protestant Hermeneutics, trans. Theodore Nordenhaug in Hermeneutics and the Study of History, Selected Works, vol. IV, ed. Rudolf A. Makkreel and Frithjof Rodi (Princeton: Princeton University Press 1996), 33-229. Further references to this work will be abbreviated SHS. 2 The expression is Hans-Georg Gadamer's. See Wilhelm Dilthey nach 150 ]ahren (Zwischen Romantik und Positivismus. Ein Diskussionsbeitrag), in Ernst Wolf- gang Orth (ed.), Dilthey und die Philosophie der Gegenwart. Freiburg: Karl Alber, 1985, 157-182. 3 See Heinz Kimmerle's >Vorwort<, in Friedrich Schleiermacher, Hermeneutik. Nach den Handschriften, ed. Heinz Kimmerle (Carl Winter Universitatsverlag: Heidel- berg, 1974), 5. The charge was reiterated by Gadamer when he was accused of hav- ing misread Schleiermacher. On facing Manfred Frank's critique of his reading, Gadamer suggested that he had followed along the lines of Dilthey's reception. See Gadamer, >Afterword,< Truth and Method, trans. Joel Weinsheimer and Donald G. Marshall (Continuum: New York, 1994), 564--566. See also Manfred Frank, Das individuelle Allgemeine. Textstrukturierung und Textinterpretation nach Schleier- macher (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp, 1985). 333 Kristin Gjesdal Such a reading of Dilthey's Schleiermacher study rests on a faulty basis. It fails to acknowledge that Dilthey situates Schleiermacher's work squarely within the framework of Enlightenment philosophy and its commitment to the self-determination of reason in and through the ongoing process of reflection and critique. This is particularly clear in his placing of Schleier- macher - thus also the beginning of modern hermeneutic - within the seemingly impossible intersection of Fichte's transcendental philosophy, on the one hand, and the empirical-historical turn initiated by Herder, on the other. Dilthey's situating of Schleiermacher in the intersection be- tween Fichte and Herder allows him to see modern hermeneutics - its hopes, promises, self-understanding, and, ultimately, its future- as a fun- damental contribution to the historical-anthropological account of human reason and existence, a perspective that is often lost in current Schleier- macher scholarship as well as more general discussions of hermeneutics.4 While it could indeed be argued that Dilthey's reading of Fichte and Herder sacrifices too much to have Schleiermacher's contribution appear unique and original, his 1860 study still offers a convincing account of the rationale, aims, and objectives of modern philosophy of interpretation. By tracing the enlightenment roots and aspirations
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