Assistant Prof.Charnnarong Srisuwan Dardus as of 5th November 2008
Existing at Wiang Kum Kam Archaeological site and problem
A. Transportation and access: 1. Main road and entrance: There are 3 ways (A B and C) can be reaching in to the site. They are in the east side which link between Chiang Mai and Lamphun(A), the south side(B) link between Chiang Mai and the second beltway, this road can go to Lampang and the north side(C) link between center of Chiang Mai, airport and the first beltway. Moreover there are many secondary roads and lanes can be reaching to the site. Lost direction and confusing of traffic is the main problem of this area.
For use AutoCAD file-Double click on this images
วัดพญาเม็งราย 235'
วัดพระเจ้าองดาคํ ์ 210'
วัดธาตุขาว 270' วัดอีก้าง 210' Bus1 วัดปู่เปี้ย 275'
วัดหวหนองั 285'
วัดธาตุน้อย 270'
วัดกู่ป้าต้อม 295' วัดกุมก ามทีปราม 295'
Chiang Mai AirportN
c
วัดพญาเม็ งร าย 235 ' วัดพระเจ้ าอ งดาคํ ์ 210 ' A
วั ดธาตุ ขาว 27 วัดอี ก้าง 210' วัดปู่ เปี้ ย 275'
วัดหัวห น อ ง 285 ' Bus2 วัดธาตุ น้อย 270' วัดกู่ ป้ าต ้อม 295 ' วัดกุ มก าม ที ปราม 295 '
B N
Buses rout
A Access 2. Backstreet or sub road: There are many alleys can be reaching in to the area. These alleys are linkage between main road and the whole area. Because of narrow and zigzag way itself, the lost direction can be happened when driving. Big bus can not use in the sub road.
3. Travel and transportation: Most people who live in this area use car, bicycle and motorcycle. Small buses for tourist and chariot have seen, provide by community and can be run on the alley. Some part of narrow lane has a problem about running by in opposite directions.
4. Particularities of alley and surface: There are two types of alleys in this area; macadamized street (asphalt road) and gravel walk (non-asphalt road) without footpath for pedestrian. Some of gravel walks use for reach in to the monuments. Because of the weakness of maintenance, the gravel walks have abandoned covered with grasses and weeds result in abandonment and damage of monuments. Drain and waterspout are not preparedness for all streets.
5. Parking, sign and furniture streets Parking is not preparedness in this area. Most of tourists have parking nearby the monuments. The traffic sign and information sign are need to improve also.
6. Lighting There is only the street lamp along the main alley. Lighting system for decorating of monuments is not available.
7. Bridge and canal Bridge and canal have seen in the area. They need to manage and improve a security for people who use the street and pedestrian. The canal also has a problem about drainage in the raining season.
8. Foot path Not available
9. Transport Most of people live in this area use their own cars, motorcycles and bicycle. There are 2 lines of bus pass at the main road (bus1-2); outside the Wiang Kum Kam. No autobus or mass transit directly to the site. Tourist can be rent motorcycles; bicycle or take a taxi, Tuk-Tuk(a kind of local taxi), or small bus (Red bus)from the center to visit the site. Bicycle for rent are available at information center too.
B. Building and Environments: 1. Monuments and temples There are 23 dead monuments and 5 living monuments. Most of monuments were building on the base the Buddhist region concept.
2. Houses and residential Can be divided residential in this area in to 4 groups; - High income resident – for rich people, most of them are immigration. The houses were design in by the architect, contemporary architecture style. - Middle income resident: local people, construction with brick , concrete or wood. Gable roof or hip roofs have seen. - Low income resident: grouping in the someplace which have there own Community. Low cost structure with brick wood or metal sheet. - Apartment of dormitory; for the people or students who work or study Nearby the area. This kind of building located along the sub lane.
3. Shop houses and grocery shop Located a long the street inside the area. They sell both of food and grocery. Laundry, magazine or newspaper booth have seen in this kind of shop
4. Information center There is an information center, build by government and management with local administration. The building was design in the Lanna contemporary style. Exhibition, souvenir shop and fast food, bicycle for rent and tourist buses are provided in the center.
5. Souvenirs and floral booth Souvenirs shop and floral booth can see at information center and also in front of Monuments. All sellers are local people. The floral uses for paying respect to the Buddha images or monuments which they believe. Grocery or some kind of electronics retail or antique can see in souvenirs shop at the temple.
6. Bus stop No bus stop inside the area. The buses can be taking from downtown and stop at the main road (see bus 1-2).
7. Chariot station and tourist bus stop There is chariot station at Wat Chedi liem, Provided by local people. They can take 2-3 people each, there are rout for travel around the site and can be stop at some of important temple. Most of driver can be the guide for tourist in the same time. Bus stop for tourist is in the information center. There can take more than 20 person each round. Local guides who can speak both of Thai-English are provide on the bus. Some of guide is local students who has train to be the guide.
8. Landscape and trees Longan (Local fruit) are the main tree surrounded everywhere in this area. This area used to be the agriculture area to plant the Longan, the most popular product in Chiang Mai and Lamphun before the excavation was started. The height of Longan tree are around 2-7 meter.
Palm is the one of tree which plants only in the temples.
Rice field and vegetable bed can be seeing in some of this area. Some people are farmer and still product rice and vegetable in now a day but they are clearing away very fast and the site have replaced by the new house.
Grass and cover crop have seen everywhere. The good maintenance is necessary.
Other plant: The green tree, standing timber and flowering-plant are in the site and Private house.
Rubber tree has found at some of temple and also at the main road.
Green Fence: Most of private house builds the fence by plant green tree or Flowing plant.
9. Contemporary building or moveable structure Shelter for tourist or small pavilions are at the importance monuments. Water shelf or donation box shelf can be found at many temple.
10. Bar and restaurant Small local food shop, owner by local people who live inside the area have seen everywhere. They provided the fresh food and cooked meal to take away. Most of them are open in the morning and evening. Some shop is open all day. Small restaurant which provide fast dish or noodle can see also.
11. Factory Small factory which product the agriculture products are in this area. Also, factory about antique and souvenir can be seeing.
12. supermarket Hyper market and supermarket for building and material construction are near the site at the second belt way.
C. Tourist facilities and services: 1. Information center and guide They exhibition about history of Chiang Mai and Wiang Ku Kam. Conference room, Model and multimedia are provided.
2. Bicycle for rent There are about 50 bicycle are provided.
3. Chariot and tourist bus Horses chariot for tourist and electronic buses are provided at Wat Chedi Liam.
4. Souvenirs shop There are many souvenirs shop at the temple. Most of them sell the local product And Buddha image or amulet.
5. Information and sign There are traffic sign and information sign are preparing at the monuments but not Good in maintenance. The paper guide need more improve.
D. Events and Festivals 1. Free market on cultural festival There was an event for promote the Wiang Kam Kam sometime. This event was taking place at Wat E-Kang and Wat KanThom. The sellers are both of local and people from outside. Foods, Souvenir, Antique arts piece were selling in this event. The drama musical performances were providing also.
2. Light and sound showing and cultural performance Some years there was the performance, call Light and sound was shown. They play about history of Wiang Kum Kam for tourism promotion. Wat E-Kang was the show place.
3. Buddhist festival and special event There are some special events organized by temple, 1-2 times a year. Wat Kan thom , Wat Chedi Liam or What Sao Hin are the places.
E. Visual aspect and Identity of the site 1. Sky line Green aspect
2. Environmental aspect The highest skyline is Palm trees and Pagoda.
F. Use of space and utilize 1. The group of user 1.1 Villager - Local people Middle-Low income people - immigrant Rich people - Monks The center of comunuty 1.2 Tourist There are many tourists in winter season and weekend 2. Public area and recreation space Not available
G. Organization and management 1. Community Local administration in charge about communities and tourist information center
2. Temples and priest Center of ceremony
3. Government official Not directly but they use to inch age and created the mega project to promote WKK. Information center was build from this policy.
4. Conservation office and management Fine arts department; under Thai government, in charge about conservation and Maintenance but they still have a big problem about budget and Knowledge. 5. Non befits organization
H. Monuments conservation and archaeological site design and management 1. Monuments Need to maintenance and organization
2. Conservation Budget and Knowledge are equipments.
H. Facilities 1. Electricity and Lighting Electricity are provide all the area by Chiang Mai municipal Street lamp are provide in limited area
2. Water supply Tap water is in limited area Some part of area use water from underground
3. Garbage and management There is garbage bus coming to take in the area 1 time a day at the morning.